资源简介

Section Ⅰ　Welcome to the unit & Reading
维度一：品句填词
根据所给单词的首字母或汉语提示，写出单词的正确形式。
1.Many teenagers think they’re too fat， so they go on d　　　　　　 and skip meals.
2.Mary is short and fat， while her sister is tall and s　　　　　　.
3.She was glad to see her encouragement had a magical e　　　　　　 on her son.
4.When nutrients are in short supply the body cannot f　　　　　　 properly.
5.If you are c　　　　　　 about your health， share your worries and anxiety with your doctor.
6.Without anything to do the whole day， he felt 　　　　　　（相当） dull.
7.The promotion 　　　　　　（证明） to be a turning point in his career.
8.We value the healthy lifestyle and social 　　　　　　（方面） of cycling.
9.With all that noise going on， she couldn’t 　　　　　　（集中） on her studies.
10.I’m not a cook myself but I am interested in 　　　　　　（营养） and all that.
维度二：词形转换
用所给单词的正确形式填空。
1.My grandpa is 　　　　　　（energy） though he is in his nineties.
2.　　　　　　 （skip） breakfast every morning is bad for your health.
3.The little girl was so 　　　　　　（frighten） that she burst out crying.
4.The most 　　　　　　（nutrition） part of an egg is the egg yolk.
5.The tablets work more 　　　　　　（effective） if you take a hot drink after them.
6.I’m 　　　　　　（slight） upset that she forgot my birthday.
7.An Olympic silver medal is a remarkable 　　　　　　（achieve） for the young athlete.
8.I hadn’t seen my classmate for many years，but I recognized him 　　　　　　（immediate）.
维度三：固定搭配和句式
根据汉语及括号内提示完成下列句子。
1.你为什么认为他能胜任这份工作？（do you think 作插入语）
　　　　　　　　　 he is equal to the job？
2.刚才有人发现她走进了教室。（be found to do ...）
She 　　　　　　　　　　　　the classroom just now.
3.大约三分之二的学生将参加这次会议。（分数作主语）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 going to attend the meeting.
4.只要你有一个健康的日常饮食，你就不必节食来变苗条。（非谓语动词作宾语）
As long as you have a healthy diet， you don’t need 　　　　　　　　　　　.
5.花这么多时间和他争论是浪费时间。（动词-ing形式作主语）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 was a waste of time.
维度四：课文语法填空
阅读课文内容， 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Jennifer was found to have 1.　　　　　　 （dangerous） low blood sugar levels and was treated immediately after she was rushed 2.　　　　　　 hospital.She 3.　　　　　　 （miss） breakfast that day and hardly touched her dinner the night before 4.　　　　　　 she thought that 5.　　　　　　 （skip） meals would be a simple way to reach her target weight.Jennifer’s case is a 6.　　　　　　 （remind） of the dangers of unhealthy weight-loss habits.Health experts are 7.　　　　　　 （concern） about it.It is important to have a healthy 8.　　　　　　　　 （balance） diet.Teenagers are still growing and their bodies need a lot of nutrition 9.　　　　　　 （function） well.What’s more， they should keep regular hours and get plenty of exercise to stay 10.　　　　　　 （energy） and fit.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
　　Physical education， or gym class， isn’t required for all high school students.In some schools， it isn’t offered for some different reasons.But should high school students have physical education？ The answer is certainly “yes”.
Today many people don’t do sports.But as is known to all， doing sports is very important for an adult.Teaching teens the importance of a healthy lifestyle and making fitness plans now can help teens put exercise in the first place as an adult.
High school isn’t that easy.Many students are under a lot of stress.Stress can be harmful to a student’s studies and life.Doing sports can help them deal with stress better， helping them live a happier life at school.
The American Heart Association says that 10 million kids and teens suffer from obesity （肥胖症）.Teens should get 60 minutes of physical activity per day to control their weight and to help their bones get stronger.The increase in activities that don’t get teens to move around， such as video games and computer activities， means many teens don’t get their required exercise.Physical education classes act as a public health measure to encourage activity and help teens have healthy weights.
Inactivity increases teens’ risk of developing many diseases.An active lifestyle offers a good way of protection from these health problems.As much as 75 per cent of health care spending goes towards treating medical conditions that can be hindered by lifestyle changes， according to the American College of Sports Medicine.
According to the President’s Council on Fitness， Sports and Nutrition （PCFSN）， students who performed five hours of physical activity each week improved their academic performance.Students from programs with no physical activity， who used the extra time for classroom study， did not perform better on tests than those who gave up some study time in support of physical education.
1.According to Paragraph 2， what does physical education in high school mean？
A.Helping teens learn to make good plans.
B.Removing the stress faced by teens at school.
C.Making teens attach importance to exercise later.
D.Getting teens to encourage adults to exercise.
2.What does the underlined word “hindered” in Paragraph 5 mean？
A.Measured. B.Prevented.
C.Shown. D.Caused.
3.According to the PCFSN， what can we know about doing sports？
A.It means making students choose between sports and studies.
B.It helps students make good use of all their time.
C.It means students adjust to their studies better.
D.It helps students do better in their studies.
4.What is the text mainly about？
A.How high school students can live a better life.
B.How schools can help students love doing sports.
C.Why some schools consider physical education important.
D.Why high school students should receive physical education.
B
　　Kirsten Coates knows what it’s like to spend a lot of time mowing her lawn （修剪草坪）.
So she made her lawn smaller to make way for 30 trees.The idea was to have more plants and animals around her house and to reduce harmful gases.
You don’t have to look far to find Australians who love taking care of their grass and enjoying the sensation of it under their feet.It’s a point of pride for many neighbourhoods， and some local governments even hold competitions for “best lawn”.
All the same， Ms Coates is not the only one trying to reduce the hold the lawn and the lawnmower have on our gardens and cultural life.
Community and local government group Gardens for Wildlife encourages landowners to reshape their land to better co-exist with native plants and animals.
Howard Bridgman， an honorary professor in environmental science at the University of Newcastle， says people like Ms Coates have the right idea.“Gas-driven lawnmowers contribute to the emission （排放） of pollutants， although the effect is relatively small.In recent times， electric lawmowers have become increasingly popular， greatly reducing emissions.However， it’s important to note that they can still create dust particles （尘粒） that may lead to breathing problems，” Howard said.
His advice is to reduce lawn size and use an electric lawnmower — and not too often.
But for Suzie Shearer， director of Coolabah Turf in Echuca， the lawn is connected with healthy living.
“I cannot imagine living in a world without green space，” Suzie said.“Lawns are also a great way to get kids to spend less time on screens and more time outdoors.”
Even so， she has no regrets about the lawn she’s removed.
“My bird population has greatly increased.It has given me more chances to see birds and reduced the stress of keeping the lawn alive during dry periods.It’s a win-win situation，” she said.
5.Why do many Australian neighbourhoods like keeping lawns？
A.Lawns bring the communities together.
B.Lawns are spaces where kids can play.
C.Lawns symbolize wealth to them.
D.Lawns bring them a sense of pride.
6.What does Howard think of mowing the lawn？
A.It costs a lot of money.
B.It takes too much time.
C.It harms our environment and health.
D.It calls for more advanced lawnmowers.
7.How does Suzie feel about removing part of her lawn？
A.Bored. B.Satisfied.
C.Regretful. D.Worried.
8.What is the best title for the text？
A.Mowing Lawns Less Often
B.Lose the Lawn， or Just Reduce It？
C.Healthy Lawn， Healthy Environment
D.Reducing Lawns for a Greener World
C
　　Mirrors always tell the truth.When the evil Queen asked her mirror， “Who’s the fairest of them all？” she did not like the answer： “Snow White is the fairest of them all.” In the fairy tale， the Queen tried to kill Snow White to keep herself the fairest.In modern times， she would have just chosen some plastic surgery.
The plastic surgery industry has been developing rapidly in the past ten years as more people look in the mirror and try to change the “truth” of their reflection.A recent study shows that nearly 60% of the college students surveyed were anxious about their appearance， and that about a quarter of them would consider receiving plastic surgery to look more physically attractive.
The reasons for which these young people are concerned about their looks have partly to do with necessity and partly to do with vanity （虚荣心）.Studies have shown that， in today’s competitive job market， “physically attractive” people are more likely to be offered an interview and to land a job than those who have the same abilities but look ordinary.Psychologists call this the “halo effect”， a type of cognitive bias （认知偏差） in which our good impression of a person in one area naturally leads to positive thoughts about this person in other areas.
There is also the effect that social media has on how people judge their appearance and understand real beauty.In the virtual world， “ideal” faces have big eyes， thin high noses and pointed chins.This easily misleads young people into believing that they are not pretty enough， or are even ugly， and that they should turn to “outside help” for complete makeover.However， plastic surgery is just a fashion trend， with different features going in and out of style.
As the old saying goes， “Inner beauty is more important than outer beauty.” As long as you are a good person， your goodness will shine through.The evil Queen was beautiful on the outside， but inside， she was very ugly.The mirror did not lie.
9.What does the underlined word “truth” in Paragraph 2 refer to？
A.They don’t look attractive.
B.Their looks have changed.
C.They have only inner beauty.
D.They are fooled by the media.
10.Which of the following is an example of the “halo effect”？
A.The Queen felt angry because she was not the fairest of all.
B.Mary is not confident because she doesn’t have an “ideal” face.
C.Jack is considering plastic surgery because his friends have done so.
D.Amy looks pretty， so she is often thought to be kind and well-rounded.
11.What effect might social media have on people’s judgment on looks？
A.They need to improve their looks.
B.Beauty only lies in the virtual world.
C.Real beauty comes from confidence.
D.Plastic surgery is just a fashion trend.
12.What can we learn from the passage？
A.The best mirror is an old friend.
B.All that glitter is not gold.
C.Fine feather makes fine birds.
D.Never judge a book by its cover.
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
　　（2022·北京卷）Health and fitness help a person live a good and healthy life.Often due to various pressures， we tend to ignore our health.　13　 It is the fitness level of our body that helps us fight these diseases.
　14　 We need to be fit to have a healthy body.Similarly， if we are healthy we shall naturally be attracted towards maintaining the fitness of our body.Health is the state of our body at a given time.We may not have any disease but still have a weak body， which is ready to be targeted by viruses.　15　 This does not definitely mean that we are not healthy.It means the fitness level is not in accordance with our age and the climatic conditions we live in.
It is important for everyone to devote some time to health and fitness.　16　 For instance， we must exercise daily regardless of our age and working style.There are different levels of exercises for different age groups and we must do them according to our own health and age.
Additionally， it is important to relax our body.We should have at least six to eight hours of sleep every day.It helps in improving our immune （免疫） system and protects us against diseases.　17　 This， in turn， gives us new goals of health and fitness.
A.Fitness levels decide the quality of life.
B.Health and fitness are interrelated to each other.
C.It also helps in keeping us calm and relaxes our mind.
D.For instance， we may have a tendency to catch a cold easily.
E.If we keep our body fit， we can enjoy life in a better manner.
F.There are some activities which everyone should do in our lives.
G.This makes our body suffer and we catch lifestyle and other diseases.
13.　　　　　　14.　　　　　　15.　　　　
16.　　　 17.　　　
Section Ⅰ　Welcome to the unit & Reading
基础知识自测
维度一
1.diets　2.slim　3.effect　4.function　5.concerned
6.rather　7.proved　8.aspects　9.concentrate　10.nutrition
维度二
1.energetic　2.Skipping　3.frightened　4.nutritious
5.effectively　6.slightly　7.achievement　8.immediately
维度三
1.Why do you think
2.was found to come into
3.About two thirds of the students are
4.to diet to slim down
5.Spending so much time arguing with him
维度四
1.dangerously　2.to　3.missed　4.because　5.skipping　6.reminder　7.concerned　8.balanced　9.to function　10.energetic
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了高中生参加体育运动的诸多益处。
1.C　推理判断题。根据第二段中的Teaching teens the importance of a healthy lifestyle and making fitness plans now can help teens put exercise in the first place as an adult.可知， 高中生参加体育运动可以让他们意识到锻炼身体的重要性。
2.B　词义猜测题。根据第五段中的An active lifestyle offers a good way of protection from these health problems.可推知， 这些疾病是可以被阻止的。
3.D　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的According to the President’s Council on Fitness， Sports and Nutrition （PCFSN）， students who performed five hours of physical activity each week improved their academic performance.可知， PCFSN 表明进行体育运动对学生的成绩有帮助。
4.D　主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知， 本文主要从几个方面解释了高中生为什么要上体育课。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。澳大利亚一些居民和环保人士呼吁人们缩小草坪面积，减少其修剪次数，以保护环境和人类健康。
5.D　细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知，许多社区留有草坪，因为草坪是他们的骄傲，一些地方政府甚至举办“最佳草坪”比赛。
6.C　推理判断题。根据第六段中Howard所说的话可知，Howard觉得使用汽油的割草机会在割草的过程中导致污染物的排放，使用电动割草机仍然会产生尘粒，引发呼吸疾病。由此推断，Howard认为修剪草坪既污染环境，又危害人类健康。
7.B　推理判断题。根据最后两段内容可知，家里的草坪面积减少后，Suzie并不遗憾，因为鸟类增多了，这让她有更多的机会看到鸟类，同时减轻了在干旱时期保养草坪的压力，是一个双赢的局面。由此推断，Suzie对减少草坪面积感到很满意。
8.D　标题归纳题。澳大利亚一些居民和环保人士呼吁人们缩小草坪面积、减少其修剪次数，以保护环境和人类健康，故D项为文章最佳标题。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。作者通过讲述整形外科行业的快速发展，说明了外表对人的影响。作者在文章最后告诉读者：不应过度关注外表，内在美才是真正的美，要做一个善良的人。
9.A　词义猜测题。根据画线词下文可知，许多大学生们对自己的外表不满意，还有一些大学生考虑通过整形手术让自己看起来更有吸引力；因此画线词所在句应表示，在过去的十年里，越来越多人考虑通过整形手术来改变他们在镜子中的影像的“真相”。由此推知，truth是指他们看起来并不那么具有吸引力这一事实。
10.D　推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，研究表明那些外表好看的人通常会被给予更多的机会。如果一个人在一个方面给人们留下良好的印象，人们就会认为这个人在其他方面也很优秀，这叫作“光环效应”。由此推断，D项（艾米看起来很漂亮，所以人们经常认为她是一个善良且全面发展的人）是“光环效应”的例子。
11.A　推理判断题。根据第四段中的In the virtual world ... easily misleads young people into believing that they are not pretty enough， or are even ugly可知，社交媒体通过向人们呈现“理想的相貌”是什么样子来影响人们对外表的判断，让人们产生自己不够漂亮，甚至很丑的错误想法，即让他们认为需要改善自己的外表。
12.D　主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了外表对人的影响；作者在最后一段指出，内在美比外在美更重要，只要你是一个善良的人，你的善良就会显现出来。由此可知，本文的主旨是不要以貌取人。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了健康和健身之间密不可分的关系，并对我们应该通过哪些健身的方式来让自己拥有健康的身体提出了建议。
13.G　空前一句提到，因为各种压力，我们的健康往往会被忽视；空后一句则提到，正是身体的健康状况帮助我们与各种疾病作斗争。设空处承上启下，应说明忽视健康对我们身体的影响。G项（这使我们的身体遭受痛苦，而且我们会患上与生活方式有关的疾病和其他疾病）符合语境。
14.B　设空处位于段首，应是本段的主题句。根据空后两句We need to be fit to have a healthy body ... the fitness of our body.可知，本段主要介绍健康与健身是密不可分的。B项（健康和健身是相互关联的）能够概括本段的主要内容，符合语境。
15.D　空前一句提到，我们可能虽然没有生病，但身体很虚弱，这让我们易于受到病毒侵袭；空后一句提到，生病并不一定表明我们是不健康的。设空处承上启下，D项（例如，我们可能很容易感冒）符合语境。
16.F　空前一句提到，对每个人来说花些时间去保持健康和锻炼身体是很重要的；空后一句列举具体事例，说明不论年龄和工作方式，我们都必须每天坚持锻炼。设空处承上启下，F项（有一些活动是每个人在生活中都应该做的）引出对我们应该通过哪些活动来进行锻炼的介绍，符合语境。
17.C　上文提到，我们应该保障充足的睡眠，这可以帮助我们提高免疫力并保护我们免受疾病侵袭；空后则提到，这转而会让我们拥有健康和健身的新目标。设空处承上启下，应继续介绍充足的睡眠的好处。C项（它也帮助我们保持冷静和放松我们的大脑）符合语境。
6 / 6Section Ⅰ　Welcome to the unit & Reading
Teen faints① after skipping② meals
STONECHESTER — [1]A teenage girl fainted yesterday at Stonechester High School after skipping meals.
[2]Jennifer Jones， 15， told friends in her class that she was feeling unwell③. She then passed out④ in her morning PE lesson and was rushed⑤ to hospital.
　　[1]第一段是这篇新闻报道的导语，指出了事件（what）、人物（who）、时间（when）、地点（where）以及原因（why）。
[2]句中15作Jennifer Jones的同位语，that引导宾语从句，作谓语told的直接宾语。
[3]Jennifer was found to have dangerously low blood sugar⑥ levels and was treated immediately⑦.[4] Her worried parents told the doctor that their daughter missed breakfast that day and hardly touched⑧ her dinner the night before. Fortunately， she is now out of danger.Her doctor says that she will make a full recovery⑨ in a day or two.
　　[3]本句使用了被动语态，was found和was treated是并列谓语；动词不定式短语to have dangerously low blood sugar levels作Jennifer的补足语。
[4]句中第一个that引导宾语从句，and连接并列谓语missed和touched。
Jennifer’s classmates hope to see her back at school soon.They say that she has struggled with eating problems for a long time.“[5]Jennifer thought that skipping meals would be a simple way to reach her target weight，” her friend Laura Williams told our reporter.“She has not eaten breakfast for the last few months⑩.She told me she had trouble concentrating in class.I warned her that skipping meals was unhealthy， but she wouldn’t listen.”
　　[5]that引导宾语从句，从句中skipping meals为动词-ing短语作主语，动词不定式短语to reach her target weight作后置定语，修饰抽象名词way。
Jennifer’s case is a reminder of the dangers of the unhealthy weight-loss habits that have become common among teenagers of both sexes.[6] In a society where being thin is often seen as being beautiful， teenagers sometimes turn to extreme methods to slim down quickly. According to a recent survey of senior high school students’ lifestyles， almost one fifth of teenagers regularly skip meals， one in ten over-exercise and four per cent even take weight-loss medicine . Health experts are concerned about these figures.They are increasing their efforts to educate teenagers about the side effects of losing weight too quickly.They have also warned them against using such extreme methods.
“These so-called ‘quick-fix methods’ prove to be harmful to teenagers.[7] It is normal for teenagers to be slightly overweight and there is no reason why they should be worried.However， for those who are dangerously overweight， it is very important that they try to lose weight properly，” said an expert.
　　[6]where引导定语从句，修饰先行词society，where在从句中作地点状语；being thin为动词-ing 短语作定语从句中的主语。
[7]本句为and连接的并列句。第一个分句中It为形式主语，动词不定式短语to be slightly overweight为真正的主语，第二个分句是there be句型，why引导定语从句，修饰先行词reason。
[8] She pointed out that it is important to have a healthy balanced diet since teenagers are still growing and their bodies need a lot of nutrition to function well. If they do not take in enough food， they may feel weak and get ill easily.She added，“What’s more， they should keep regular hours and get plenty of exercise to stay energetic and fit.[9]We strongly encourage all teenagers to follow these lifestyle tips ， because living well is the safest and most effective way to get into shape .”
　　[8]that引导宾语从句，在该从句中，it作形式主语，动词不定式短语to have a healthy balanced diet 作真正的主语；since引导原因状语从句，在该从句中，动词不定式短语to function well作目的状语。
[9]because引导原因状语从句；从句中动词-ing短语living well作主语，动词不定式短语to get into shape作后置定语，修饰the ...way。
【读文清障】
①faint vi.昏厥 adj.昏眩的；微弱的；可能性不大的
teen faints年轻人晕厥
②skip vt.不做（应做的事情等）；跳过
vi.蹦蹦跳跳地走；略过
skip meals 不吃饭
skip school/class 逃学/课
③feel unwell 感觉不舒服
④pass out 昏迷，失去知觉
pass away 去世
pass down 使世代相传；流传
⑤rush vt.急忙运送 vi.冲，奔跑
be rushed to 被迅速送往……
⑥low blood sugar 低血糖
⑦immediately adv.立即，马上
conj.一……就
immediate adj.立即的，马上
⑧touch vt.吃，触摸
touch dinner 吃饭
⑨make a full recovery 完全康复
⑩for the last few months 在过去的几个月里
“for/in/over/during the last/past＋时间段”常与现在完成时连用
concentrate vi.& vt.集中（注意力、思想等）；全神贯注
concentrate on 集中于，专注于
reminder n.提醒人的事物；通知单
remind vt.提醒
extreme adj.极端的；严重的 n.极端不同的感情（或境况、行为方式等）
turn to extreme methods 转向极端的方法
go to extremes 走极端
extremely adv.极其，非常
slim down 变苗条，减肥
slim vi.变苗条，减肥adj.苗条的；微薄的，小的
weight-loss medicine 减肥药
concerned adj.担心的，忧虑的；关注的，关切的
be concerned about 对……担忧
effect n.效果，作用；影响
side effect 副作用
effective adj.有效的；生效的
effectively adv.有效地
so-called “quick-fix methods” 所谓的“速效法”
prove linking v.后来被发现是 vt.证明，证实
prove （to be）＋形容词 证明是……
be harmful to （＝do harm to）
对……有害
be good for （＝do good to）对……有益处
slightly adv.稍微，略微
slight adj.轻微的；细小的
lose weight 减肥
put on weight 增肥，长胖
diet n.日常饮食；节食 vi.节食，进行规定饮食
keep/have a balanced diet 保持均衡饮食
go on a diet 节食
function vi.起作用，正常工作，运转
n.作用，功能，职能
function well 运转良好
take in 摄入，吸收
keep regular hours 作息有规律
energetic adj.精力充沛的，充满活力的
stay energetic and fit 保持精力旺盛、身体健康
energy n.精力；能量
follow these lifestyle tips 遵从这些生活方式的建议
effective adj.有效的；生效的
effect n.效应；影响；结果
get into shape 强身健体
【参考译文】
多餐未进食女生晕厥
来自斯通彻斯特的报道：
昨日，斯通彻斯特高中一名女生多餐未进食后晕厥。
珍妮弗·琼斯，十五岁，曾告诉同班朋友自己感觉不适。然后她在早上的体育课上晕倒了，被迅速送往医院。
医生发现珍妮弗的血糖已经低到了很危险的程度，于是马上对她进行治疗。珍妮弗的父母忧心忡忡，他们告诉医生，女儿当天早晨未进食，前一天的晚餐也几乎丝毫未动。幸运的是，珍妮弗已经脱离了危险。她的医生说她会在一两天内完全康复。
　　珍妮弗的同学希望她能尽快返回学校。他们说，珍妮弗和进食问题较劲已经很久了。“珍妮弗以为不吃饭就可以轻松减到她的目标体重，”她的朋友劳拉·威廉姆斯告诉我们的记者。“最近几个月， 她一直不吃早餐。她对我说，她上课很难集中注意力。我提醒过她，不吃饭有害健康，可她不听。”
珍妮弗的例子提醒人们，青少年男女中普遍存在的不健康减肥习惯具有危险性。在一个往往以瘦为美的社会里，青少年有时会借助极端的方法来快速减肥。近期一项针对高中生生活习惯的调查表明，近1/5的青少年经常性地不吃饭，1/10运动过度，4%甚至服用减肥药。健康专家对这些数字表示担忧。他们加大力度教育青少年有关快速减肥引起的不良反应，并提醒青少年不要采取类似极端的方式。
“这些所谓的‘速效法’被证明对青少年有害。青少年轻微超重是正常现象，没有理由为此焦虑。不过，如果超重到达到危险程度，尝试以适当方式减重是十分重要的。”一位专家表示。
她指出，健康均衡的饮食十分重要，因为青少年正在发育，需要大量营养以维持正常的身体机能。如果食物摄入不足，青少年会感觉体虚乏力，容易生病。她补充说：“更重要的是，他们应该作息规律，多做运动，以保持精力充沛、身体健康。我们强烈推荐所有青少年遵从这些生活方式的建议，因为好好生活是最健康、最有效的塑身方式。”
第一步：析架构，理文本脉络
Read the passage quickly and fill in the blanks.
第二步：精读文，达明察秋毫
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer.
1.Why was Jennifer Jones rushed to hospital？
A.She fainted suddenly.
B.She didn’t have breakfast.
C.She hurt herself in PE lesson.
D.She suffered from low blood pressure.
2.Which of the following does the recent survey show？
A.One in ten teenagers skip breakfast.
B.Ten per cent of teenagers over-exercise.
C.Fifty per cent of teenagers regularly skip meals.
D.One in four teenagers take weight-loss medicine.
3.Why do some teenagers turn to extreme methods to slim down quickly？
A.Health experts suggest these methods for teenagers.
B.Weight problems are common among them.
C.They think being thin means being beautiful.
D.These methods have no side effects.
4.If she takes the health experts’ suggestions， what will Jennifer Jones do？
A.She will miss her breakfast to stay slim.
B.She will not touch her dinner at night.
C.She will have trouble concentrating in class.
D.She will have a healthy balanced diet.
5.We can infer from the passage that　　　　.
A.teens should have a healthy balanced diet first
B.parents should prepare delicious breakfasts for their children
C.it’s dangerous for teens to be slightly overweight
D.health authorities should help teens lose weight
6.What kind of writing is the passage？
A.Science fiction.　　 B.A medical report.
C.A news report. D.Popular science.
第三步：通词句，学语言表达
1.词汇学习——循规律，记单词
（1）形容词＋-ly→副词
①immediate→immediately 立即，马上
②extreme→extremely 极其；极度
③slight→slightly 稍微，略微
④loose→loosely 宽松地
⑤complete→completely 完全地
⑥exact→exactly 恰好
⑦entire→entirely 完全地
（2）名词/动词＋-ive→形容词
①effect n.效果；作用→effective adj.有效的
②expense n.费用；开支→expensive adj.昂贵的
③attract v.吸引；引起→attractive adj.吸引人的
④create v.创造；创作→creative adj.创造性的
⑤act v.行为；行动→active adj.积极的；活跃的
（3）“动词/名词＋weight”短语集锦
本篇新闻报道中出现了weight与某些动词以及名词构成的常用短语。
①动词＋weight：lose weight， gain weight， put on weight， reduce weight， watch one’s weight
②名词＋weight：target weight， birth weight， body weight
③weight＋名词：weight loss， weight gain， weight control， weight problems， weight training
④形容词＋weight：low weight， heavy weight， light weight， average weight， ideal weight
2.美句欣赏——赏佳句，品用法
导语：新闻报道通常以导语开头，简明扼要地介绍新闻的核心内容。如：人物、事件、时间、地点和原因等相关内容。
请朗读赏析下面课文中的导语，并翻译成汉语。
原句：
翻译：　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
第四步：析难句，清阅读障碍
1.It is normal for teenagers to be slightly overweight and there is no reason why they should be worried.
句式分析
自主翻译 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
2.She pointed out that it is important to have a healthy balanced diet since teenagers are still growing and their bodies need a lot of nutrition to function well.
句式分析
自主翻译 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
3.We strongly encourage all teenagers to follow these lifestyle tips， because living well is the safest and most effective way to get into shape.
句式分析
自主翻译 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
第五步：拓视野，育思维品质
1.Do you think senior high school students should pay much attention to their weight？ Why or why not？（Critical Thinking 批判性思维）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
2.Do you think how to keep fit in your daily life？（Creative Thinking 创造性思维）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Part Ⅰ　核心词汇集释
immediately adv.立即，马上 conj.一……就
【教材原句】　Jennifer was found to have dangerously low blood sugar levels and was treated immediately.医生发现珍妮弗的血糖已经低到了很危险的程度，于是马上对她进行治疗。
【用法】
（1）immediately conj.（＝as soon as）
　　　　　一……就，后跟时间状语从句
一……就……
（2）immediately adv.（＝at once）
立即，马上，用作副词
【佳句】　More effective measures should be taken immediately to protect wild animals and plants.
应该立即采取更有效的措施保护野生动植物。
I’ll phone you immediately I hear any news.
我一听到消息就会给你打电话。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①Instead of giving us answers 　　　　　　（immediate）， our teacher encourages us to think by ourselves.
②　　　　　　 instant the president declared the celebration open， the crowd cheered.
【写美】　一句多译
③一到达剧院，他就发现他把朋友给他的票落在家里了。
→　　　　　　　　　　 the theater， he found the ticket a friend gave him was left at home.（instantly/immediately/directly）
→　　　　　　　　　　　　 the theater， he found the ticket a friend gave him was left at home.（instant/moment/minute）
→　　　　　　　　　 the theater， he found the ticket a friend gave him was left at home.（on/upon）
concentrate vi.& vt.集中（注意力、思想等）；全神贯注
【教材原句】　She told me she had trouble concentrating in class.她对我说，她上课很难集中注意力。
【用法】
（1）concentrate on/upon （doing） sth 集中于/全神贯注于（做）某事
concentrate ...on/upon （doing） sth 集中……于（做）某事
concentrate one’s mind/attention/energy on 把心思/注意力/精力集中于
（2）concentration n. 集中精力；专心
【佳句】　If you concentrate all your energies on studying English， you will master the language.
如果你将全部精力集中在学习英语上，你就会掌握这门语言。
【用准】　表示“专心于，全神贯注于”的短语还有focus/fix one’s mind/attention on、 put one’s heart into、 be buried/lost/absorbed in等。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①Instead of just concentrating 　　　　　　the side effects of the drug， we should notice its functions.
②He concentrated his energy on 　　　　　（study） the history of Britain.
③The doctor warns us that lack of sleep may cause anger， poor memory and poor 　　　　　　（concentrate）.
【写美】　句式升级
④He concentrated his mind on his work and didn’t notice my appearance.
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， he didn’t notice my appearance.（用with复合结构改写）
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　， he didn’t notice my appearance.（用独立主格结构改写）
effect n.效果，作用；影响
【教材原句】　They are increasing their efforts to educate teenagers about the side effects of losing weight too quickly.他们加大力度教育青少年有关快速减肥引起的不良反应。
【用法】
（1）side effect 　　　　副作用
have an effect on ... 对……有影响
bring/put/carry ...into effect 实施；使……生效
come into effect 生效，开始实施
take effect 生效，起作用
in effect 实际上；有效；在实施中
（2）effective adj. 有效的；生效的
【佳句】　Alcoholic drink can have a bad effect on your body.
含酒精的饮料对你的身体会有坏的影响。
Because of the greenhouse effect， the earth is warmed by gases trapped in the atmosphere.
由于温室效应，困于大气中的气体使地球变暖。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①　　　　　　 effect，we’ll be earning more than we were last year.
②The new rules should be put 　　　　　　effect as soon as possible.
③In fact， children consider this method 　　　　　　（effect） when others use it.
【写美】　完成句子
④It has been agreed by both sides that the agreement will 　　　　　　next month.
经双方商定，这项协议从下个月生效。
⑤Our future career 　　　　　　　　　　， which requires our deep consideration.
我们未来的职业对我们的生活有很大的影响，这需要我们深思熟虑。
diet n.日常饮食；节食 vi.节食，进行规定饮食
【教材原句】　She pointed out that it is important to have a healthy balanced diet since teenagers are still growing and their bodies need a lot of nutrition to function well.
她指出，健康均衡的饮食十分重要，因为青少年正在发育，需要大量营养以维持正常的身体机能。
【用法】
be on a diet　　　　　　　在节食（强调状态）
go on a diet 节食（强调动作）
put sb on a diet 限制某人饮食
a balanced diet 均衡的饮食
【佳句】　You ought to diet and take more exercise.你应该节食并多锻炼。
It’s important to have a healthy， balanced diet.
健康、均衡的日常饮食很重要。
【练透】　完成句子
①It is not wise for teenagers to 　　　　　　.
青少年节食是不明智的。
②I am a little overweight and I should 　　　　　　　　.
我有点过胖了，得节食才行。
【写美】　翻译句子
③为了健康，每个人都应该保持均衡的饮食。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
take in 摄入，吸收；欺骗；收留；理解；包括
【教材原句】　If they do not take in enough food， they may feel weak and get ill easily.
如果食物摄入不足，青少年会感觉体虚乏力，容易生病。
【用法】
take on　　　　呈现，具有；雇用；承担
take over 接管；接替
take up 占据（时间、空间等）；开始从事
take off （飞机）起飞；迅速流行；脱下（衣物）；休息
take away 拿走；带走
take down 拆除；写下
take out 取出；去除
【佳句】　The more fat you take in before bedtime， the great burden your body will bear at night.睡前摄入的脂肪越多，晚上身体承受的负担就越大。
【练透】　用take的相关短语填空
①I can’t really believe that she was 　　　　　　　　by him.
②The plane eventually 　　　　　　　　at 11 a.m.and we arrived in Venice at 1：30 p.m.
③To be honest， I do not particularly want to 　　　　　　　　a competitive sport.
【写美】　完成句子
④After he 　　　　　　　　the company， it 　　　　　　　　a new look.
他接管公司后，公司呈现一个新面貌。
frightened adj.害怕的，惊吓的，受惊的
【教材原句】　I was very frightened when I woke up in hospital last Thursday.
上星期四我在医院醒来时非常害怕。
【用法】
（1）be frightened to death吓死
be frightened of doing sth　害怕做某事
（2）frighten vt. （使）惊吓；使恐惧
frighten sb into/out of doing sth 吓得某人做/不敢做某事
frighten ...away/off 吓走/跑
frighten sb to death 把某人吓得要死
（3）frightening adj. （事物）令人恐惧的，可怕的
fright n. 恐惧；害怕
【佳句】　Jenny was too frightened to tell her family what had happened.
珍妮太害怕了，不敢告诉家人发生了什么事。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①It was disturbing and 　　　　　　（frighten） that the robot looked so human.
②The man frightened the little boy into 　　　　　　（follow） him.
③The mothers are 　　　　　　（frighten） of the children going camping， for they may get lost in the mountain.
④The bird came to the window， but I moved suddenly and frightened it 　　　　　　.
【写美】　句式升级
⑤As she was frightened at the dog， she refused to walk into the yard.
→　　　　　　　　　　　　， she refused to walk into the yard.（用非谓语动词改写）
Part Ⅱ　重点句型解构
句型公式：动词-ing形式作主语
【教材原句】　“Jennifer thought that skipping meals would be a simple way to reach her target weight，” her friend Laura Williams told our reporter.
“珍妮弗以为不吃饭就可以轻松减到她的目标体重，”她的朋友劳拉·威廉姆斯告诉我们的记者。
【用法】
（1）动词-ing形式（短语）作主语通常表示经常性或习惯性的动作或行为，表示具体的动作或行为时需用动词不定式（短语）。
（2）动词-ing形式（短语）作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
（3）动词-ing形式（短语）作主语时，有时可用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语动词-ing形式（短语）置于句末。
（4）动词-ing形式（短语）作主语时，可以用名词所有格或形容词性物主代词作逻辑主语。
【品悟】　Eating too much fat is no good for your health.吃太多肥肉对你的健康没有好处。
【写美】　完成句子
①Going from junior high school to senior high school 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
从初中过渡到高中真是一项巨大的挑战。
②　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 without practice.
学习理论而不实践是没有用的。
③　　　　　　 made our teacher very angry.
他的迟到使我们的老师非常生气。
④　　　　　　　　　　　　　 can always bring me something different.
去其他地方旅行总是能给我带来一些不一样的东西。
Part Ⅲ　中频词汇特训
prove linking v.后来被发现是 vt.证明，证实
【教材原句】　These so-called “quick-fix methods” prove to be harmful to teenagers.
这些所谓的“速效法”被证明对青少年有害。
【用法】
（1）prove sth to sb　　　向某人证明某事
prove＋sb/sth（＋to be）＋adj./n.
证明某人/物是……
prove that/wh-从句 证明……
It’s proved that ... 据证明……
（2）prove （to be）＋adj./n.
证明是……
（3）proof n. 证明，证据
There’s （no） proof that ...
（没）有证据证明……
【佳句】　Online learning has proved an important means for people to acquire knowledge and solve problems.在线学习已证明是人们学习知识和解决问题的重要手段。
【练透】　单句语法填空/完成句子
①The film finally proved 　　　　　　（be） a success and it won several prizes.
②The old man was 　　　　　　innocent for lack of 　　　　　　.（prove）
③You said his plan was good but you must prove it 　　　　　　me.
④The accident 　　　　　　　　　nothing was more precious than life.
这次事故向我证明了生命最可贵。
【写美】　句式升级
⑤The method is proved to be more efficient.
→　　　　　　　　　 the method is more efficient.（it作形式主语）
get into shape 强身健体
【教材原句】　We strongly encourage all teenagers to follow these lifestyle tips， because living well is the safest and most effective way to get into shape.
我们强烈推荐所有青少年遵从这些生活方式的建议，因为好好生活是最健康、最有效的塑身方式。
【用法】
shape n.　　　　　形状；外形；状况；情况
in good shape 情况良好；健康状况良好
in bad shape 情况不佳；健康状况不佳
keep/stay in shape 保持健康
out of shape 变形的；身体不好
in the shape of ... 呈……的形状
【佳句】　Regular exercise helps us get into shape and keep a slim figure.
经常锻炼帮助我们强身健体，并保持苗条身材。
【练透】　根据汉语提示填空
①You have been sitting on my hat and now it is badly 　　　　　　　　（变形）.
②For my fifteenth birthday， my mother bought me a cake 　　　　　　　　（呈……的形状） a heart.
③Working out regularly can burn lots of calories， which helps us 　　　　　　　　（强身健体）.
Section Ⅰ　Welcome to the unit & Reading
【文本透析·剖语篇】
第一步
1.teenage　2.details　3.words　4.extreme　5.properly
第二步
1－6　ABCDAC
第三步
2.昨日，斯通彻特斯高中一名女生多餐未进食后晕厥。
第四步
1.青少年轻微超重是正常现象，没有理由为此焦虑。
2.她指出，健康均衡的饮食十分重要，因为青少年正在发育，需要大量营养以维持正常的身体机能。
3.我们强烈推荐所有青少年遵从这些生活方式的建议，因为好好生活是最健康、最有效的塑身方式。
第五步
1.No，I don’t think they should.Students at senior high school are teenagers so their bodies are going through many changes.Teenagers become bigger and stronger so their weight will naturally increase as they grow.If they worry too much about their weight， they may use extreme methods to lose weight and do harm to their bodies.They could also feel anxious， which is not good for their mental health.
2.Healthy eating along with regular exercise is probably the best way to become fit.If you eat properly and exercise regularly， you will lose weight， keep fit and feel great.
【核心知识·巧突破】
Part Ⅰ
1.①immediately　②The　③Instantly/Immediately/Directly he arrived at； The instant/moment/minute he arrived at； On/Upon arriving/arrival at
2.①on/upon　②studying　③concentration　④With his mind concentrated on his work； His mind concentrated on his work
3.①In　②into　③effective　④come into effect　⑤has a great effect on our lives
4.①be on a diet　②go on a diet　③Everyone should keep a balanced diet for the benefit of health.
5.①taken in　②took off　③take up　④took over； took on
6.①frightening　②following　③frightened　④away/off　⑤Frightened at the dog
Part Ⅱ
　①is a really big challenge　②It is useless learning the theory　③His being late　④Travelling to other places
Part Ⅲ
1.①to be　②proved； proof　③to　④proved to me that
⑤It is proved that
2.①out of shape　②in the shape of　③get into shape
13 / 13(共125张PPT)
Section Ⅰ　
Welcome to the unit & Reading
1
篇章助解·释疑难
目 录
2
文本透析·剖语篇
4
课时检测·提能力
3
核心知识·巧突破
篇章助解·释疑难
力推课前预习
1
Teen faints① after skipping② meals
STONECHESTER — [1]A teenage girl fainted yesterday at
Stonechester High School after skipping meals.
[2]Jennifer Jones， 15， told friends in her class that she was feeling
unwell③. She then passed out④ in her morning PE lesson and was rushed⑤
to hospital.
　　[1]第一段是这篇新闻报道的导语，指出了事件（what）、人物
（who）、时间（when）、地点（where）以及原因（why）。　
[2]句中15作Jennifer Jones的同位语，that引导宾语从句，作谓语
told的直接宾语。
【读文清障】
①faint vi.昏厥 adj.昏眩的；微弱的；可能性不大的
teen faints年轻人晕厥
②skip vt.不做（应做的事情等）；跳过
vi.蹦蹦跳跳地走；略过
skip meals 不吃饭
skip school/class 逃学/课
③feel unwell 感觉不舒服
④pass out 昏迷，失去知觉
pass away 去世
pass down 使世代相传；流传
⑤rush vt.急忙运送 vi.冲，奔跑
be rushed to 被迅速送往……
[3]Jennifer was found to have dangerously low blood sugar⑥ levels
and was treated immediately⑦.[4] Her worried parents told the doctor that
their daughter missed breakfast that day and hardly touched⑧ her dinner
the night before. Fortunately， she is now out of danger.Her doctor says
that she will make a full recovery⑨ in a day or two.
　　[3]本句使用了被动语态，was found和was treated是并列谓语；
动词不定式短语to have dangerously low blood sugar levels作Jennifer的
补足语。
[4]句中第一个that引导宾语从句，and连接并列谓语missed和
touched。
⑥low blood sugar 低血糖
⑦immediately adv.立即，马上
conj.一……就
immediate adj.立即的，马上
⑧touch vt.吃，触摸
touch dinner 吃饭
⑨make a full recovery 完全康复
Jennifer’s classmates hope to see her back at school soon.They say
that she has struggled with eating problems for a long time.“[5]Jennifer
thought that skipping meals would be a simple way to reach her target
weight，” her friend Laura Williams told our reporter.“She has not
eaten breakfast for the last few months⑩.She told me she had trouble
concentrating in class.I warned her that skipping meals was unhealthy，
but she wouldn’t listen.”
　　[5]that引导宾语从句，从句中skipping meals为动词-ing短语作主
语，动词不定式短语to reach her target weight作后置定语，修饰抽象
名词way。
⑩for the last few months 在过去的几个月里
“for/in/over/during the last/past＋时间段”常与现在完成时连用
concentrate vi.& vt.集中（注意力、思想等）；全神贯注
concentrate on 集中于，专注于
Jennifer’s case is a reminder of the dangers of the unhealthy
weight-loss habits that have become common among teenagers of both
sexes.[6] In a society where being thin is often seen as being beautiful，
teenagers sometimes turn to extreme methods to slim down quickly.
According to a recent survey of senior high school students’ lifestyles，
almost one fifth of teenagers regularly skip meals， one in ten over-
exercise and four per cent even take weight-loss medicine . Health
experts are concerned about these figures.They are increasing their
efforts to educate teenagers about the side effects of losing weight too
quickly.They have also warned them against using such extreme methods.
“These so-called ‘quick-fix methods’ prove to be harmful to
teenagers.[7] It is normal for teenagers to be slightly overweight and
there is no reason why they should be worried.However， for those who
are dangerously overweight， it is very important that they try to lose
weight properly，” said an expert.
　　[6]where引导定语从句，修饰先行词society，where在从句中作
地点状语；being thin为动词-ing 短语作定语从句中的主语。
[7]本句为and连接的并列句。第一个分句中It为形式主语，动词
不定式短语to be slightly overweight为真正的主语，第二个分句是
there be句型，why引导定语从句，修饰先行词reason。
reminder n.提醒人的事物；通知单
remind vt.提醒
extreme adj.极端的；严重的 n.极端不同的感情（或境况、行为
方式等）
turn to extreme methods 转向极端的方法
go to extremes 走极端
extremely adv.极其，非常
slim down 变苗条，减肥
slim vi.变苗条，减肥adj.苗条的；微薄的，小的
weight-loss medicine 减肥药
concerned adj.担心的，忧虑的；关注的，关切的
be concerned about 对……担忧
effect n.效果，作用；影响
side effect 副作用
effective adj.有效的；生效的
effectively adv.有效地
so-called “quick-fix methods” 所谓的“速效法”
prove linking v.后来被发现是 vt.证明，证实
prove （to be）＋形容词 证明是……
be harmful to （＝do harm to） 对……有害
be good for （＝do good to）对……有益处
slightly adv.稍微，略微
slight adj.轻微的；细小的
[8]She pointed out that it is important to have a healthy balanced diet
since teenagers are still growing and their bodies need a lot of nutrition
to function well. If they do not take in enough food， they may feel
weak and get ill easily.She added，“What’s more， they should keep
regular hours and get plenty of exercise to stay energetic and fit.[9]We
strongly encourage all teenagers to follow these lifestyle tips ， because
living well is the safest and most effective way to get into shape .”
　　[8]that引导宾语从句，在该从句中，it作形式主语，动词不定式
短语to have a healthy balanced diet 作真正的主语；since引导原因状语
从句，在该从句中，动词不定式短语to function well作目的状语。
[9]because引导原因状语从句；从句中动词-ing短语living well作
主语，动词不定式短语to get into shape作后置定语，修饰the ...way。
lose weight 减肥
put on weight 增肥，长胖
diet n.日常饮食；节食 vi.节食，进行规定饮食
keep/have a balanced diet 保持均衡饮食
go on a diet 节食
function vi.起作用，正常工作，运转
n.作用，功能，职能
function well 运转良好
take in 摄入，吸收
keep regular hours 作息有规律
energetic adj.精力充沛的，充满活力的
stay energetic and fit 保持精力旺盛、身体健康
energy n.精力；能量
follow these lifestyle tips 遵从这些生活方式的建议
effective adj.有效的；生效的
effect n.效应；影响；结果
get into shape 强身健体
【参考译文】
多餐未进食女生晕厥
来自斯通彻斯特的报道：
昨日，斯通彻斯特高中一名女生多餐未进食后晕厥。
珍妮弗·琼斯，十五岁，曾告诉同班朋友自己感觉不适。然后她在
早上的体育课上晕倒了，被迅速送往医院。
医生发现珍妮弗的血糖已经低到了很危险的程度，于是马上对她
进行治疗。珍妮弗的父母忧心忡忡，他们告诉医生，女儿当天早晨未
进食，前一天的晚餐也几乎丝毫未动。幸运的是，珍妮弗已经脱离了
危险。她的医生说她会在一两天内完全康复。
珍妮弗的同学希望她能尽快返回学校。他们说，珍妮弗和进食问
题较劲已经很久了。“珍妮弗以为不吃饭就可以轻松减到她的目标体
重，”她的朋友劳拉·威廉姆斯告诉我们的记者。“最近几个月， 她
一直不吃早餐。她对我说，她上课很难集中注意力。我提醒过她，不
吃饭有害健康，可她不听。”
珍妮弗的例子提醒人们，青少年男女中普遍存在的不健康减肥习
惯具有危险性。在一个往往以瘦为美的社会里，青少年有时会借助极
端的方法来快速减肥。近期一项针对高中生生活习惯的调查表明，近
1/5的青少年经常性地不吃饭，1/10运动过度，4%甚至服用减肥药。
健康专家对这些数字表示担忧。他们加大力度教育青少年有关快速减
肥引起的不良反应，并提醒青少年不要采取类似极端的方式。
“这些所谓的‘速效法’被证明对青少年有害。青少年轻微超重
是正常现象，没有理由为此焦虑。不过，如果超重到达到危险程度，
尝试以适当方式减重是十分重要的。”一位专家表示。
她指出，健康均衡的饮食十分重要，因为青少年正在发育，需要
大量营养以维持正常的身体机能。如果食物摄入不足，青少年会感觉
体虚乏力，容易生病。她补充说：“更重要的是，他们应该作息规
律，多做运动，以保持精力充沛、身体健康。我们强烈推荐所有青少
年遵从这些生活方式的建议，因为好好生活是最健康、最有效的塑身
方式。”
文本透析·剖语篇
助力语篇理解
2
第一步：析架构，理文本脉络
Read the passage quickly
and fill in the blanks.
第二步：精读文，达明察秋毫
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer.
1. Why was Jennifer Jones rushed to hospital？
A. She fainted suddenly.
B. She didn’t have breakfast.
C. She hurt herself in PE lesson.
D. She suffered from low blood pressure.
2. Which of the following does the recent survey show？
A. One in ten teenagers skip breakfast.
B. Ten per cent of teenagers over-exercise.
C. Fifty per cent of teenagers regularly skip meals.
D. One in four teenagers take weight-loss medicine.
3. Why do some teenagers turn to extreme methods to slim down
quickly？
A. Health experts suggest these methods for teenagers.
B. Weight problems are common among them.
C. They think being thin means being beautiful.
D. These methods have no side effects.
4. If she takes the health experts’ suggestions， what will Jennifer Jones
do？
A. She will miss her breakfast to stay slim.
B. She will not touch her dinner at night.
C. She will have trouble concentrating in class.
D. She will have a healthy balanced diet.
5. We can infer from the passage that 　　　　.
A. teens should have a healthy balanced diet first
B. parents should prepare delicious breakfasts for their children
C. it’s dangerous for teens to be slightly overweight
D. health authorities should help teens lose weight
6. What kind of writing is the passage？
A. Science fiction. B. A medical report.
C. A news report. D. Popular science.
第三步：通词句，学语言表达
1. 词汇学习——循规律，记单词
（1）形容词＋-ly→副词
①immediate→immediately 立即，马上
②extreme→extremely 极其；极度
③slight→slightly 稍微，略微
④loose→loosely 宽松地
⑤complete→completely 完全地
⑥exact→exactly 恰好
⑦entire→entirely 完全地
（2）名词/动词＋-ive→形容词
①effect n.效果；作用→effective adj.有效的
②expense n.费用；开支→expensive adj.昂贵的
③attract v.吸引；引起→attractive adj.吸引人的
④create v.创造；创作→creative adj.创造性的
⑤act v.行为；行动→active adj.积极的；活跃的
（3）“动词/名词＋weight”短语集锦
本篇新闻报道中出现了weight与某些动词以及名词构成的常
用短语。
①动词＋weight：lose weight， gain weight， put on weight，
reduce weight， watch one’s weight
②名词＋weight：target weight， birth weight， body weight
③weight＋名词：weight loss， weight gain， weight control，
weight problems， weight training
④形容词＋weight：low weight， heavy weight， light
weight， average weight， ideal weight
2. 美句欣赏——赏佳句，品用法
导语：新闻报道通常以导语开头，简明扼要地介绍新闻的核心内
容。如：人物、事件、时间、地点和原因等相关内容。
请朗读赏析下面课文中的导语，并翻译成汉语。
原句：
翻译：
昨日，斯通彻特斯高中一名女生多餐未进食后晕厥。　
第四步：析难句，清阅读障碍
1. It is normal for teenagers to be slightly overweight and there is no
reason why they should be worried.
句式分析
自主翻译
青少年轻微超重是正常现象，没有理由为此焦虑。　
2. She pointed out that it is important to have a healthy balanced diet since
teenagers are still growing and their bodies need a lot of nutrition to
function well.
句式分析
自主翻译

她指出，健康均衡的饮食十分重要，因为青少年正在
发育，需要大量营养以维持正常的身体机能。　
3. We strongly encourage all teenagers to follow these lifestyle tips，
because living well is the safest and most effective way to get into
shape.
句式分析
自主翻译

我们强烈推荐所有青少年遵从这些生活方式的建议，
因为好好生活是最健康、最有效的塑身方式。　
第五步：拓视野，育思维品质
1. Do you think senior high school students should pay much attention to
their weight？ Why or why not？（Critical Thinking 批判性思维）






　No，I don’t think they should.Students at senior high school are
teenagers so their bodies are going through many changes.Teenagers
become bigger and stronger so their weight will naturally increase as
they grow.If they worry too much about their weight， they may use
extreme methods to lose weight and do harm to their bodies.They could
also feel anxious， which is not good for their mental health.　
2. Do you think how to keep fit in your daily life？（Creative Thinking
创造性思维）



　Healthy eating along with regular exercise is probably the best way to
become fit.If you eat properly and exercise regularly， you will lose
weight， keep fit and feel great.　
核心知识·巧突破
探究课堂重点
3
Part Ⅰ　核心词汇集释
immediately adv.立即，马上 conj.一……就
【教材原句】　Jennifer was found to have dangerously low blood sugar
levels and was treated immediately.
医生发现珍妮弗的血糖已经低到了很危险的程度，于是马上对她进行
治疗。
【用法】
【佳句】　More effective measures should be taken immediately to
protect wild animals and plants.
应该立即采取更有效的措施保护野生动植物。
I’ll phone you immediately I hear any news.
我一听到消息就会给你打电话。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①Instead of giving us answers （immediate）， our
teacher encourages us to think by ourselves.
② instant the president declared the celebration open， the crowd
cheered.
immediately　
The　
【写美】　一句多译
③一到达剧院，他就发现他把朋友给他的票落在家里了。
→ the theater， he found
the ticket a friend gave him was left at home.
（instantly/immediately/directly）
→ the theater， he found the
ticket a friend gave him was left at home.（instant/moment/minute）
→ the theater， he found the ticket a
friend gave him was left at home.（on/upon）
Instantly/Immediately/Directly he arrived at　
The instant/moment/minute he arrived at　
On/Upon arriving/arrival at　
concentrate vi.& vt.集中（注意力、思想等）；全神贯注
【教材原句】　She told me she had trouble concentrating in class.她对
我说，她上课很难集中注意力。
【用法】
（1）concentrate on/upon （doing） sth 　集中于/全神贯注于（做）
某事
concentrate ...on/upon （doing） sth　　集中……于（做）某事
concentrate one’s mind/attention/energy on　　把心思/注意力/精力集
中于
（2）concentration n.　　集中精力；专心
【佳句】　If you concentrate all your energies on studying English，
you will master the language.
如果你将全部精力集中在学习英语上，你就会掌握这门语言。
【用准】　表示“专心于，全神贯注于”的短语还有focus/fix
one’s mind/attention on、 put one’s heart into、 be
buried/lost/absorbed in等。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①Instead of just concentrating the side effects of the drug，
we should notice its functions.
on/upon　
②He concentrated his energy on （study） the history of
Britain.
③The doctor warns us that lack of sleep may cause anger， poor memory
and poor （concentrate）.
studying　
concentration　
【写美】　句式升级
④He concentrated his mind on his work and didn’t notice my
appearance.
→ ， he didn’t notice my
appearance.（用with复合结构改写）
→ ， he didn’t notice my
appearance.（用独立主格结构改写）
With his mind concentrated on his work　
His mind concentrated on his work　
effect n.效果，作用；影响
【教材原句】　They are increasing their efforts to educate teenagers
about the side effects of losing weight too quickly.他们加大力度教育青
少年有关快速减肥引起的不良反应。
（1）side effect 　　　　　副作用
have an effect on ...　　对……有影响
bring/put/carry ...into effect　　实施；使……生效
come into effect　　生效，开始实施
take effect　　生效，起作用
in effect　　实际上；有效；在实施中
（2）effective adj.　　有效的；生效的
【用法】
【佳句】　Alcoholic drink can have a bad effect on your body.含酒精
的饮料对你的身体会有坏的影响。
Because of the greenhouse effect， the earth is warmed by gases trapped
in the atmosphere.
由于温室效应，困于大气中的气体使地球变暖。
【练透】　单句语法填空
① effect，we’ll be earning more than we were last year.
②The new rules should be put effect as soon as possible.
③In fact， children consider this method （effect） when
others use it.
In　
into　
effective　
【写美】　完成句子
④It has been agreed by both sides that the agreement will
next month.
经双方商定，这项协议从下个月生效。
⑤Our future career ， which requires
our deep consideration.
我们未来的职业对我们的生活有很大的影响，这需要我们深思熟虑。
come into
effect　
has a great effect on our lives　
diet n.日常饮食；节食 vi.节食，进行规定饮食
【教材原句】　She pointed out that it is important to have a healthy
balanced diet since teenagers are still growing and their bodies need a lot
of nutrition to function well.
她指出，健康均衡的饮食十分重要，因为青少年正在发育，需要大量
营养以维持正常的身体机能。
be on a diet　　在节食（强调状态）
go on a diet　　节食（强调动作）
put sb on a diet　　限制某人饮食
a balanced diet　　均衡的饮食
【用法】
【佳句】　You ought to diet and take more exercise.
你应该节食并多锻炼。
It’s important to have a healthy， balanced diet.
健康、均衡的日常饮食很重要。
【练透】　完成句子
①It is not wise for teenagers to .
青少年节食是不明智的。
②I am a little overweight and I should .
我有点过胖了，得节食才行。
【写美】　翻译句子
③为了健康，每个人都应该保持均衡的饮食。

be on a diet　
go on a diet　
Everyone should keep a balanced diet for the benefit of health.　
take in 摄入，吸收；欺骗；收留；理解；包括
【教材原句】　If they do not take in enough food， they may feel weak
and get ill easily.
如果食物摄入不足，青少年会感觉体虚乏力，容易生病。
take on　　呈现，具有；雇用；承担
take over　　接管；接替
take up　　占据（时间、空间等）；开始从事
take off　　（飞机）起飞；迅速流行；脱下（衣物）；休息
take away　　拿走；带走
take down　　拆除；写下
take out　　取出；去除
【用法】
【佳句】　The more fat you take in before bedtime， the great burden
your body will bear at night.
睡前摄入的脂肪越多，晚上身体承受的负担就越大。
【练透】　用take的相关短语填空
①I can’t really believe that she was by him.
②The plane eventually at 11 a.m.and we arrived in Venice
at 1：30 p.m.
③To be honest， I do not particularly want to a competitive
sport.
taken in　
took off　
take up　
【写美】　完成句子
④After he the company， it a new look.
他接管公司后，公司呈现一个新面貌。
took over　
took on　
frightened adj.害怕的，惊吓的，受惊的
【教材原句】　I was very frightened when I woke up in hospital last
Thursday.
上星期四我在医院醒来时非常害怕。
（1）be frightened to death 吓死
be frightened of doing sth 害怕做某事
（2）frighten vt.　　（使）惊吓；使恐惧
frighten sb into/out of doing sth　　吓得某人做/不敢做某事
frighten ...away/off　　吓走/跑……
frighten sb to death　　把某人吓得要死
（3）frightening adj.　　（事物）令人恐惧的，可怕的
fright n.　　恐惧；害怕
【用法】
【佳句】　Jenny was too frightened to tell her family what had
happened.
珍妮太害怕了，不敢告诉家人发生了什么事。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①It was disturbing and （frighten） that the robot looked
so human.
②The man frightened the little boy into （follow） him.
③The mothers are （frighten） of the children going
camping， for they may get lost in the mountain.
frightening　
following　
frightened　
④The bird came to the window， but I moved suddenly and frightened
it .
【写美】　句式升级
⑤As she was frightened at the dog， she refused to walk into the yard.
→ ， she refused to walk into the yard.（用非
谓语动词改写）
away/off　
Frightened at the dog　
Part Ⅱ　重点句型解构
句型公式：动词-ing形式作主语
【教材原句】　“Jennifer thought that skipping meals would be a
simple way to reach her target weight，” her friend Laura Williams told
our reporter.
“珍妮弗以为不吃饭就可以轻松减到她的目标体重，”她的朋友劳
拉·威廉姆斯告诉我们的记者。
（1）动词-ing形式（短语）作主语通常表示经常性或习惯性的动作
或行为，表示具体的动作或行为时需用动词不定式（短语）。
（2）动词-ing形式（短语）作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形
式。
（3）动词-ing形式（短语）作主语时，有时可用it作形式主语，而将
真正的主语动词-ing形式（短语）置于句末。
（4）动词-ing形式（短语）作主语时，可以用名词所有格或形容词
性物主代词作逻辑主语。
【用法】
【品悟】　Eating too much fat is no good for your health.
吃太多肥肉对你的健康没有好处。
【写美】　完成句子
①Going from junior high school to senior high school
.
从初中过渡到高中真是一项巨大的挑战。
② without practice.
学习理论而不实践是没有用的。
③ made our teacher very angry.
他的迟到使我们的老师非常生气。
is a really big
challenge　
It is useless learning the theory　
His being late　
④ can always bring me something
different.
去其他地方旅行总是能给我带来一些不一样的东西。
Travelling to other places　
Part Ⅲ　中频词汇特训
prove linking v.后来被发现是 vt.证明，证实
【教材原句】　These so-called “quick-fix methods” prove to be
harmful to teenagers.
这些所谓的“速效法”被证明对青少年有害。
（1）prove sth to sb　　　向某人证明某事
prove＋sb/sth（＋to be）＋adj./n.　　证明某人/物是……
prove that/wh-从句　　证明……
It’s proved that ...　　据证明……
（2）prove （to be）＋adj./n.　　证明是……
（3）proof n.　　证明，证据
There’s （no） proof that ...　　（没）有证据证明……
【用法】
【佳句】　Online learning has proved an important means for people to
acquire knowledge and solve problems.
在线学习已证明是人们学习知识和解决问题的重要手段。
【练透】　单句语法填空/完成句子
①The film finally proved （be） a success and it won several
prizes.
②The old man was innocent for lack of .（prove）
③You said his plan was good but you must prove it me.
④The accident nothing was more precious than
life.
to be　
proved　
proof　
to　
proved to me that　
这次事故向我证明了生命最可贵。
【写美】　句式升级
⑤The method is proved to be more efficient.
→ the method is more efficient.（it作形式主语）
It is proved that　
get into shape 强身健体
【教材原句】　We strongly encourage all teenagers to follow these
lifestyle tips， because living well is the safest and most effective way to
get into shape.
我们强烈推荐所有青少年遵从这些生活方式的建议，因为好好生活是
最健康、最有效的塑身方式。
shape n.　　　　形状；外形；状况；情况
in good shape　　情况良好；健康状况良好
in bad shape　　情况不佳；健康状况不佳
keep/stay in shape　　保持健康
out of shape　　变形的；身体不好
in the shape of ...　　呈……的形状
【用法】
【佳句】　Regular exercise helps us get into shape and keep a slim
figure.
经常锻炼帮助我们强身健体，并保持苗条身材。
【练透】　根据汉语提示填空
①You have been sitting on my hat and now it is badly
（变形）.
②For my fifteenth birthday， my mother bought me a cake
（呈……的形状） a heart.
③Working out regularly can burn lots of calories， which helps us
（强身健体）.
out of shape　
in the shape
of　
get
into shape　
课时检测·提能力
培育学科素养
4
维度一：品句填词
根据所给单词的首字母或汉语提示，写出单词的正确形式。
1. Many teenagers think they’re too fat， so they go on d and skip
meals.
2. Mary is short and fat， while her sister is tall and s .
3. She was glad to see her encouragement had a magical e on her
son.
iets　
lim　
ffect　
4. When nutrients are in short supply the body cannot f
properly.
5. If you are c about your health， share your worries and
anxiety with your doctor.
6. Without anything to do the whole day， he felt （相当）
dull.
7. The promotion （证明） to be a turning point in his
career.
unction　
oncerned　
rather　
proved　
8. We value the healthy lifestyle and social （方面） of
cycling.
9. With all that noise going on， she couldn’t （集
中） on her studies.
10. I’m not a cook myself but I am interested in （营养）
and all that.
aspects　
concentrate　
nutrition　
维度二：词形转换
用所给单词的正确形式填空。
1. My grandpa is （energy） though he is in his nineties.
2. （skip） breakfast every morning is bad for your health.
3. The little girl was so （frighten） that she burst out
crying.
4. The most （nutrition） part of an egg is the egg yolk.
5. The tablets work more （effective） if you take a hot
drink after them.
6. I’m （slight） upset that she forgot my birthday.
energetic　
Skipping　
frightened　
nutritious　
effectively　
slightly　
7. An Olympic silver medal is a remarkable
（achieve） for the young athlete.
8. I hadn’t seen my classmate for many years，but I recognized
him （immediate）.
achievement　
immediately　
维度三：固定搭配和句式
根据汉语及括号内提示完成下列句子。
1. 你为什么认为他能胜任这份工作？（do you think 作插入语）
he is equal to the job？
2. 刚才有人发现她走进了教室。（be found to do ...）
She the classroom just now.
3. 大约三分之二的学生将参加这次会议。（分数作主语）
going to attend the meeting.
Why do you think　
was found to come into　
About two thirds of the students are　
4. 只要你有一个健康的日常饮食，你就不必节食来变苗条。（非谓语
动词作宾语）
As long as you have a healthy diet， you don’t need
.
5. 花这么多时间和他争论是浪费时间。（动词-ing形式作主语）
was a waste of time.
to diet to slim
down　
Spending so much time arguing with him　
维度四：课文语法填空
阅读课文内容， 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确
形式。
Jennifer was found to have 1. （dangerous） low
blood sugar levels and was treated immediately after she was rushed
2. hospital.She 3. （miss） breakfast that day and
hardly touched her dinner the night before 4. she thought that
5. （skip） meals would be a simple way to reach her target
weight.Jennifer’s case is a 6.
dangerously　
to　
missed　
because　
skipping　
（remind） of the dangers of unhealthy weight-loss
habits.Health experts are 7. （concern） about it.It is
important to have a healthy 8. （balance） diet.Teenagers
are still growing and their bodies need a lot of nutrition 9.
（function） well.What’s more， they should keep regular hours and
get plenty of exercise to stay 10. （energy） and fit.
reminder　
concerned　
balanced　
to function　
energetic　
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
　　Physical education， or gym class， isn’t required for all high
school students.In some schools， it isn’t offered for some different
reasons.But should high school students have physical education？ The
answer is certainly “yes”.
Today many people don’t do sports.But as is known to all， doing
sports is very important for an adult.Teaching teens the importance of a
healthy lifestyle and making fitness plans now can help teens put exercise
in the first place as an adult.
High school isn’t that easy.Many students are under a lot of
stress.Stress can be harmful to a student’s studies and life.Doing sports
can help them deal with stress better， helping them live a happier life at
school.
The American Heart Association says that 10 million kids and teens
suffer from obesity （肥胖症）.Teens should get 60 minutes of physical
activity per day to control their weight and to help their bones get
stronger.The increase in activities that don’t get teens to move around，
such as video games and computer activities， means many teens don’t
get their required exercise.Physical education classes act as a public health
measure to encourage activity and help teens have healthy weights.
Inactivity increases teens’ risk of developing many diseases.An
active lifestyle offers a good way of protection from these health
problems.As much as 75 per cent of health care spending goes towards
treating medical conditions that can be hindered by lifestyle changes，
according to the American College of Sports Medicine.
According to the President’s Council on Fitness， Sports and
Nutrition （PCFSN）， students who performed five hours of physical
activity each week improved their academic performance.Students from
programs with no physical activity， who used the extra time for
classroom study， did not perform better on tests than those who gave up
some study time in support of physical education.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了高中生参加体育运
动的诸多益处。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了高中生参加体育运
动的诸多益处。
1. According to Paragraph 2， what does physical education in high
school mean？
A. Helping teens learn to make good plans.
B. Removing the stress faced by teens at school.
C. Making teens attach importance to exercise later.
D. Getting teens to encourage adults to exercise.
解析： 　推理判断题。根据第二段中的Teaching teens the
importance of a healthy lifestyle and making fitness plans now can help
teens put exercise in the first place as an adult.可知， 高中生参加体
育运动可以让他们意识到锻炼身体的重要性。
2. What does the underlined word “hindered” in Paragraph 5 mean？
A. Measured. B. Prevented.
C. Shown. D. Caused.
解析： 　词义猜测题。根据第五段中的An active lifestyle offers a
good way of protection from these health problems.可推知， 这些疾
病是可以被阻止的。
3. According to the PCFSN， what can we know about doing sports？
A. It means making students choose between sports and studies.
B. It helps students make good use of all their time.
C. It means students adjust to their studies better.
D. It helps students do better in their studies.
解析： 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的According to the
President’s Council on Fitness， Sports and Nutrition （PCFSN），
students who performed five hours of physical activity each week
improved their academic performance.可知， PCFSN 表明进行体育
运动对学生的成绩有帮助。
4. What is the text mainly about？
A. How high school students can live a better life.
B. How schools can help students love doing sports.
C. Why some schools consider physical education important.
D. Why high school students should receive physical education.
解析： 　主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知， 本文主要从几个方面
解释了高中生为什么要上体育课。
B
　　Kirsten Coates knows what it’s like to spend a lot of time mowing
her lawn （修剪草坪）.
So she made her lawn smaller to make way for 30 trees.The idea was
to have more plants and animals around her house and to reduce harmful
gases.
You don’t have to look far to find Australians who love taking care
of their grass and enjoying the sensation of it under their feet.It’s a point
of pride for many neighbourhoods， and some local governments even
hold competitions for “best lawn”.
All the same， Ms Coates is not the only one trying to reduce the hold
the lawn and the lawnmower have on our gardens and cultural life.
Community and local government group Gardens for Wildlife
encourages landowners to reshape their land to better co-exist with native
plants and animals.
Howard Bridgman， an honorary professor in environmental science
at the University of Newcastle， says people like Ms Coates have the right
idea.“Gas-driven lawnmowers contribute to the emission （排放） of
pollutants， although the effect is relatively small.In recent times，
electric lawmowers have become increasingly popular， greatly reducing
emissions.However， it’s important to note that they can still create dust
particles （尘粒） that may lead to breathing problems，” Howard said.
His advice is to reduce lawn size and use an electric lawnmower —
and not too often.
But for Suzie Shearer， director of Coolabah Turf in Echuca， the
lawn is connected with healthy living.
“I cannot imagine living in a world without green space，” Suzie
said.“Lawns are also a great way to get kids to spend less time on screens
and more time outdoors.”
Even so， she has no regrets about the lawn she’s removed.
“My bird population has greatly increased.It has given me more
chances to see birds and reduced the stress of keeping the lawn alive during
dry periods.It’s a win-win situation，” she said.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。澳大利亚一些居民和环保人士呼吁
人们缩小草坪面积，减少其修剪次数，以保护环境和人类健康。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。澳大利亚一些居民和环保人士呼吁
人们缩小草坪面积，减少其修剪次数，以保护环境和人类健康。
5. Why do many Australian neighbourhoods like keeping lawns？
A. Lawns bring the communities together.
B. Lawns are spaces where kids can play.
C. Lawns symbolize wealth to them.
D. Lawns bring them a sense of pride.
解析： 　细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知，许多社区留有
草坪，因为草坪是他们的骄傲，一些地方政府甚至举办“最佳草
坪”比赛。
6. What does Howard think of mowing the lawn？
A. It costs a lot of money.
B. It takes too much time.
C. It harms our environment and health.
D. It calls for more advanced lawnmowers.
解析： 　推理判断题。根据第六段中Howard所说的话可知，
Howard觉得使用汽油的割草机会在割草的过程中导致污染物的排
放，使用电动割草机仍然会产生尘粒，引发呼吸疾病。由此推断，
Howard认为修剪草坪既污染环境，又危害人类健康。
7. How does Suzie feel about removing part of her lawn？
A. Bored. B. Satisfied.
C. Regretful. D. Worried.
解析： 　推理判断题。根据最后两段内容可知，家里的草坪面积
减少后，Suzie并不遗憾，因为鸟类增多了，这让她有更多的机会
看到鸟类，同时减轻了在干旱时期保养草坪的压力，是一个双赢的
局面。由此推断，Suzie对减少草坪面积感到很满意。
8. What is the best title for the text？
A. Mowing Lawns Less Often
B. Lose the Lawn， or Just Reduce It？
C. Healthy Lawn， Healthy Environment
D. Reducing Lawns for a Greener World
解析： 　标题归纳题。澳大利亚一些居民和环保人士呼吁人们缩
小草坪面积、减少其修剪次数，以保护环境和人类健康，故D项为
文章最佳标题。
C
　　Mirrors always tell the truth.When the evil Queen asked her mirror，
“Who’s the fairest of them all？” she did not like the answer：
“Snow White is the fairest of them all.” In the fairy tale， the Queen
tried to kill Snow White to keep herself the fairest.In modern times， she
would have just chosen some plastic surgery.
The plastic surgery industry has been developing rapidly in the past
ten years as more people look in the mirror and try to change the “truth”
of their reflection.A recent study shows that nearly 60% of the college
students surveyed were anxious about their appearance， and that about a
quarter of them would consider receiving plastic surgery to look more
physically attractive.
The reasons for which these young people are concerned about their
looks have partly to do with necessity and partly to do with vanity （虚荣
心）.Studies have shown that， in today’s competitive job market，
“physically attractive” people are more likely to be offered an interview
and to land a job than those who have the same abilities but look
ordinary.Psychologists call this the “halo effect”， a type of cognitive
bias （认知偏差） in which our good impression of a person in one area
naturally leads to positive thoughts about this person in other areas.
There is also the effect that social media has on how people judge
their appearance and understand real beauty.In the virtual world，
“ideal” faces have big eyes， thin high noses and pointed chins.This
easily misleads young people into believing that they are not pretty
enough， or are even ugly， and that they should turn to “outside help”
for complete makeover.However， plastic surgery is just a fashion
trend， with different features going in and out of style.
As the old saying goes， “Inner beauty is more important than outer
beauty.” As long as you are a good person， your goodness will shine
through.The evil Queen was beautiful on the outside， but inside， she
was very ugly.The mirror did not lie.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。作者通过讲述整形外科行业的快速
发展，说明了外表对人的影响。作者在文章最后告诉读者：不应过
度关注外表，内在美才是真正的美，要做一个善良的人。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。作者通过讲述整形外科行业的快速
发展，说明了外表对人的影响。作者在文章最后告诉读者：不应过
度关注外表，内在美才是真正的美，要做一个善良的人。
9. What does the underlined word “truth” in Paragraph 2 refer to？
A. They don’t look attractive.
B. Their looks have changed.
C. They have only inner beauty.
D. They are fooled by the media.
解析： 　词义猜测题。根据画线词下文可知，许多大学生们对自
己的外表不满意，还有一些大学生考虑通过整形手术让自己看起来
更有吸引力；因此画线词所在句应表示，在过去的十年里，越来越
多人考虑通过整形手术来改变他们在镜子中的影像的“真相”。由
此推知，truth是指他们看起来并不那么具有吸引力这一事实。
10. Which of the following is an example of the “halo effect”？
A. The Queen felt angry because she was not the fairest of all.
B. Mary is not confident because she doesn’t have an “ideal” face.
C. Jack is considering plastic surgery because his friends have done so.
D. Amy looks pretty， so she is often thought to be kind and well-
rounded.
解析： 　推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，研究表明那些外
表好看的人通常会被给予更多的机会。如果一个人在一个方面给
人们留下良好的印象，人们就会认为这个人在其他方面也很优
秀，这叫作“光环效应”。由此推断，D项（艾米看起来很漂
亮，所以人们经常认为她是一个善良且全面发展的人）是“光环
效应”的例子。
11. What effect might social media have on people’s judgment on
looks？
A. They need to improve their looks.
B. Beauty only lies in the virtual world.
C. Real beauty comes from confidence.
D. Plastic surgery is just a fashion trend.
解析： 　推理判断题。根据第四段中的In the virtual world ...
easily misleads young people into believing that they are not pretty
enough， or are even ugly可知，社交媒体通过向人们呈现“理想
的相貌”是什么样子来影响人们对外表的判断，让人们产生自己
不够漂亮，甚至很丑的错误想法，即让他们认为需要改善自己的
外表。
12. What can we learn from the passage？
A. The best mirror is an old friend.
B. All that glitter is not gold.
C. Fine feather makes fine birds.
D. Never judge a book by its cover.
解析： 　主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了外表对
人的影响；作者在最后一段指出，内在美比外在美更重要，只要
你是一个善良的人，你的善良就会显现出来。由此可知，本文的
主旨是不要以貌取人。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
　　（2022·北京卷）Health and fitness help a person live a good and
healthy life.Often due to various pressures， we tend to ignore our
health. 　13　 It is the fitness level of our body that helps us fight these
diseases.
　14　 We need to be fit to have a healthy body.Similarly， if we
are healthy we shall naturally be attracted towards maintaining the fitness
of our body.Health is the state of our body at a given time.We may not
have any disease but still have a weak body， which is ready to be targeted
by viruses. 　15　 This does not definitely mean that we are not healthy.It
means the fitness level is not in accordance with our age and the climatic
conditions we live in.
It is important for everyone to devote some time to health and
fitness. 　16　 For instance， we must exercise daily regardless of our age
and working style.There are different levels of exercises for different age
groups and we must do them according to our own health and age.
Additionally， it is important to relax our body.We should have at
least six to eight hours of sleep every day.It helps in improving our
immune （免疫） system and protects us against diseases. 　17　 This，
in turn， gives us new goals of health and fitness.
A. Fitness levels decide the quality of life.
B. Health and fitness are interrelated to each other.
C. It also helps in keeping us calm and relaxes our mind.
D. For instance， we may have a tendency to catch a cold easily.
E. If we keep our body fit， we can enjoy life in a better manner.
F. There are some activities which everyone should do in our lives.
G. This makes our body suffer and we catch lifestyle and other diseases.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了健康和健身之间密
不可分的关系，并对我们应该通过哪些健身的方式来让自己拥有健
康的身体提出了建议。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了健康和健身之间密
不可分的关系，并对我们应该通过哪些健身的方式来让自己拥有健
康的身体提出了建议。
13. G　空前一句提到，因为各种压力，我们的健康往往会被忽视；
空后一句则提到，正是身体的健康状况帮助我们与各种疾病作斗争。
设空处承上启下，应说明忽视健康对我们身体的影响。G项（这使我
们的身体遭受痛苦，而且我们会患上与生活方式有关的疾病和其他疾
病）符合语境。
14. B　设空处位于段首，应是本段的主题句。根据空后两句We need
to be fit to have a healthy body ... the fitness of our body.可知，本段主
要介绍健康与健身是密不可分的。B项（健康和健身是相互关联的）
能够概括本段的主要内容，符合语境。
15. D　空前一句提到，我们可能虽然没有生病，但身体很虚弱，这
让我们易于受到病毒侵袭；空后一句提到，生病并不一定表明我们是
不健康的。设空处承上启下，D项（例如，我们可能很容易感冒）符
合语境。
16. F　空前一句提到，对每个人来说花些时间去保持健康和锻炼身体
是很重要的；空后一句列举具体事例，说明不论年龄和工作方式，我
们都必须每天坚持锻炼。设空处承上启下，F项（有一些活动是每个
人在生活中都应该做的）引出对我们应该通过哪些活动来进行锻炼的
介绍，符合语境。
17. C　上文提到，我们应该保障充足的睡眠，这可以帮助我们提高
免疫力并保护我们免受疾病侵袭；空后则提到，这转而会让我们拥有
健康和健身的新目标。设空处承上启下，应继续介绍充足的睡眠的好
处。C项（它也帮助我们保持冷静和放松我们的大脑）符合语境。
谢谢观看！

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