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(共27张PPT)
Using language
Review: Word Formation
Unit 2
Exploring English
Period 1
Content
Learning Objectives
Introduction
Types
Common word formation
Matching Activity
Gap-Fill Activity
Word Formation Challenge
Quick Review & Reflection
Summary
Homework
Understand four main types of word formation
Identify examples from the reading passage
Practise creating new words using prefixes, suffixes, and other methods
Work in groups to expand vocabulary creatively
Learning Objectives
Word formation is the process of creating new words from existing ones.
Introduction to Word Formation
Why important
It helps us guess meanings of unfamiliar words.
“pineapple” = pine + apple
Types of Word Formation
Abbreviating – shortening a word (e.g., ASAP)
Changing the part of speech – verb to noun
(e.g., improve → improvement)
Adding a prefix or suffix – happy → unhappy
Combining two or more words – pen + friend = penfriend
Common word formation
Type 1: Compounding
Joining two or more independent words to create a new one.
easy to guess the meaning from the parts.
Nouns: news + paper → newspaper
Verbs: baby + sit → babysit
Adjectives: kind + hearted → kind-hearted
Quick check: “snow + man = ”
Common word formation
Type 2: Derivation
(Affixation)
The process of deriving a word from a source or origin. The affixation changes the meaning of word or the part of speech
Prefixes:
dis- (not) → dislike
im-/in- (not) → impossible,
inexpensive
inter- (between) → international
pre- (before) → preview
Suffixes:
-ment (result/state) → development
-ship (skill/status) → friendship
-less (without) → useless
-ly (manner) → carefully
Common word formation
Type 3: Conversion
Changing the part of speech without changing the form.
Verb → Noun: talk (v) → a talk (n)
Noun → Verb: water (n) → water (v)
Adjective → Noun: black (adj) → the black (n)
Adjective → Verb: brave (adj) → brave (v)
Common word formation
Type 4: Abbreviation
An abbreviation is a shortened form of a word or phrase. It consists of a group of letters taken from the word or phrase.
Initialisms / Acronyms:
ASAP, WTO
Shortening:
advertisement → ad, laboratory → lab
Used in everyday speech and writing.
Matching Activity (From Passage)
Match the example with the type:
pineapple
sculpture
raining
WHO
Abbreviating
Changing the part of speech
Adding a prefix or suffix
Combining two or more words
More examples in the reading passage:
Abbreviating
Changing the part of speech
Adding a prefix or suffix
Combining two or more words
IT
US
it’s snowing
painting, hardly, softly, harmless, harmful, shameless, shameful, invisible
hamburger, eggplant, seasick, airsick, carsick, homesick, homework, housework
Gap-Fill Activity Instructions
Task: Fill in the blanks in the passage using correct word forms.
Rules:
Read the sentence carefully
Think about the meaning
Apply the correct type of word formation
Gap 1 & 2 (Compounds)
Hint:
1 – A friend you write letters to
2 – Known by many people
Pair discussion – 1 min
pen+friend
well+know
penfriend
well-known
Mini-task: Write 2 more compound words and share.
Gap 3 & 4 (Prefixes)
Pair discussion – 1 min
Hint: Add un- or in-
Rule: un- / in- usually mean “not”
incorrect
unhappy
Gap 5
(Suffix)
Pair discussion – 1 min
Hint: Suffix -ment / -ness (noun form)
improvement
Gap 6 & 7
(Verb/Noun Change)
Pair discussion – 1 min
Think: Adjective → Verb / Verb → Noun
relaxed
presenting
Gap 8 & 9 (Abbreviations)
Pair discussion – 1 min
WTO
ASAP
Full Passage Review
Word Formation Challenge
Let’s Make Words!
Divide into 4 groups:
Compounding Prefixes & Suffixes Conversion Abbreviation
Points:
1 word = 1 point
If the meaning & spelling are both correct → +1 bonus point
You have 2 minutes per task.
Each group will rotate through 3 mini-tasks.
Instruction: Create as many compound words as you can from the word bank.
Tip: Use noun+noun, adj+noun, or verb+noun.
Task 1: Compounding Race
Word bank: book, sun, house, school, hair, news, water, snow, tooth, rain
Instruction: Add prefixes to make new words. Write the meaning.
Common prefixes to use: un-, in-, dis-, mis-, im-
Task 2: Prefix Challenge
Base words: happy, possible, agree, correct, understand, legal, active
Instruction: Add suffixes to change the part of speech.
Suffixes: -ment, -ship, -less, -ous, -ful, -ly
Task 3: Suffix Challenge
Base words: improve, develop, friend, leader, care, danger
Instruction: Change the part of speech without changing the spelling.
Example prompts:
I need to water the plants. (noun → verb)
He gave a great talk about science. (verb → noun)
Task 4: Conversion Magic
Instruction: Write as many abbreviations as you know. Give the full form.
Task 5: Abbreviation Hunt
e.g., United Nations, Personal Computer, World Health Organization
Discussion:
Quick Review & Reflection
Which type of word formation is easiest for you
Which type is most useful when reading
How can you use this skill in writing
Summary
Compounding: Two or more words combined to form a new word.
Examples: newspaper, babysit, kind-hearted
Derivation: Adding prefixes or suffixes to change meaning or word class.
Examples: un- (unhappy), -ment (improvement)
Conversion: Changing a word’s part of speech without changing its form.
Examples: water (n.) → water (v.), black (adj.) → black (n.)
Abbreviation: Shortening words or phrases.
Examples: WTO, ASAP, ad, lab
What We Learned Today
Summary
Key Points
Prefixes often show opposite meaning (un-, in-, dis-) or time/order (pre-, re-)
Suffixes often change word class or add meaning (-ness, -ship, -able, -less)
Understanding word formation helps guess meanings of unfamiliar words in reading.
What We Learned Today
Knowing word formation rules = learning many words at once.
Homework
Reading & Guessing
Find 5 unfamiliar words in your English reading material. Guess their meanings by analyzing their parts (prefix, root, suffix) and write down your guess + dictionary meaning.
Challenge (Optional)
Create a “Word Family Tree” for one base word, showing all possible forms (noun, verb, adjective, adverb) and their meanings.

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