资源简介

(共31张PPT)
Unit 2
Home Sweet Home
人教版2024版八年级上册
Section A (Grammar Focus ) 语法课
Learning Objectives
1. 学生能够通过观察和分析语法聚焦部分含can/could的例句及回答，深入理解can/could在表达请求（requests）和许可（permission）时的不同用法及语义差异。
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2. 学生能够掌握并准确运用can/could完成对话选择练习，在语境中正确选择和使用can/could提出请求或征求许可，提升语法运用的准确性和熟练度。
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3. 学生能够熟练运用can/could完成不同场景的对话创编，通过语境实践与合作交流，在具体情境中灵活运用can/could进行连贯表达，在小组互动中展示语言组织能力，并能在班级前分享创编的对话。
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按要求写出正确的单词、词组或句子。
还 (副词) __________ 2. 到达 (名词) ___________
3.迫不及待做(短语) __________ 4. 为……准备(短语) __________
5. 给某人买(短语) __________ 6. 把……加 (短语) __________
7. 捎某人一程（短语）__________ 8. 寻宝（短语）________
9. 你能捎我去商店吗？ ___________________________
对不起，我不得不整天工作。 _______________________
11. 我能向你借棋盘吗？___________________
12. 我想使祖父母感到宾至如归。
________________________________________
yet
arrival
can’t wait to do
get ready for
buy sth for
add..to...
give sb a lift
treasure hunt
Could you please give me a lift to the shop
Sorry, I have to work from home all day.
Could I borrow your chess set
I want make grandparents feel at home.
回顾复习（Section A Pronunciation—2e）
I want to drink some water, Mr. Brown.
Can / Could I drink some water, Mr. Brown
Which one do you think is more polite
I want to drink some water, Mr. Brown.
Can / Could I drink some water, Mr. Brown
Let’s think and talk.
less polite
more polite
R
P
Request
Permission
Can
Could
Can I hang out with my friends after lunch
Can I grow some flowers there
Can I invite my friends to our new house
Could I go out
Could we keep some fish here
Can you sort your things into those boxes
Can you take care of them every day
Could you please help me hang up the photos
Could you please sweep the floor
情态动词 can / could
can /
could
请求许可
提出请求
易记口诀
What is Request and Permission
《请求许可一句诀》
“求你做是请求，求己做是许可”
What’s the differences between Can and Could
Can/Could for polite request and permission.
Can you/I...
语气：直接、日常，适合熟人或同辈之间。
Could you/I...
语气：更礼貌、委婉，适合对长辈、老师或不太熟悉的人。
Sure./Of course./Not possible./I am afraid not.
Read the questions with can or could. Notice how they are answered. Then write R for requests or P for permission next to each question.
Could you please sweep the floor OK, Mum. I’ll do it at once.
Could I hang out with my friends after lunch Sorry, Jim, but you have to pack up your things first.
Can I put some flowers on the table Yes, good idea!
Can you help me hang up the photos Sure./No problem!
R
P
P
R
Ask for request
Ask for request
Ask for permission
Ask for permission
3a
Grammar
情态动词 can 和 could 的用法
情态动词can和could可用于向对方提出请求，也可用于请求对方允许自己做某事。它本身不能作谓语，必须和动词原形一起构成谓语。
情态动词
can & could
1. 用于提出要求或请求 Can/Could you please... （重点）
2. 用于请求许可 Can/Could I... （重点）
3. 用于表示能力
can表示现在的能力，could表示过去的能力
肯定回答 Yes, sure./Of course. 好的，当然可以。
No problem. 没问题。
With pleasure. 乐意帮忙。
Sure/Of course/Certainly. 当然可以。
否定回答 Sorry, I can’t. I have to... 对不起，我不能。我得……
Sorry, I’m going to... 对不起，我将……
I’m afraid I can’t. I have to... 恐怕不行。我得……
I’m afraid not. 恐怕不行。
Can you lend me your pen
Could you please tell me the way to the subway station
提出
要求
“Can/Could you please... ”“请你……好吗？”“你能/可以……吗？”
肯定回答 Yes, you can. 是的，你可以。
Of course you can. 当然可以。
Yes, please. 是的，去吧/用吧/……
否定回答 Sorry, you can’t. 对不起，你不可以。
Sorry, I’m afraid you can’t. 对不起，恐怕不行。
Can I watch TV after finishing my homework
Can I try on this T-shirt
Can I turn on the fan
Could I hang out with friends tonight
Can/Could I... ”“我能……吗？”
请求
允许
Could I hang out with my friends tonight
No, you couldn’t.
Sorry, you can’t.


易错题！！！
在回答用could 提出的请求时，通常不用 could而用 can。
Choose the best question to complete each conversation.
A. Could you give me a ride to town now B. Can I stay out until eleven
C. Mr Lake, could I go to the toilet D. Could I use your computer
1. A: _____________________________________
B: Of course you can.
2. A: _____________________________________
B: Yes, if you are careful with it.
give sb. a ride 送某人一程;让某人搭便车
stay out 呆在外面
go to the toilet 上厕所;上洗手间
C
be careful with 注意;当心
/ n't l/ prep.
到...时;直到...为止
D
be careful with 注意;当心
同义短语：be careful of/about 当心;留意
3b
A. Could you give me a ride to town now B. Can I stay out until eleven
C. Mr Lake, could I go to the toilet D. Could I use your computer
3. A: _____________________________________
B: No, you can’t. You have a basketball game
tomorrow, remember You need a good rest.
B
have a basketball game
有一场篮球赛
need a good rest 需要好好休息
（have a rest 休息一下）
Choose the best question to complete each conversation.
3b
A. Could you give me a ride to town now B. Can I stay out until eleven
C. Mr Lake, could I go to the toilet D. Could I use your computer
4. A: Can I go to the movies
B: Of course.
A: ___________________________________
B: I can’t. I have to do some work now.
/'mu vi/ n. 电影
go to the movies 去看电影
A
have to 不得不
do some work 干活
of course 当然，
相当于sure或certainly，
通常在对话中用作肯定回答。
Choose the best question to complete each conversation.
3b
Can/Could for polite request and permission.
表达 场景示例（请求→许可） 核心逻辑
“Sure.” “Can you help me ” → “Sure.”
“May I use your phone ” → “Sure.” 口语化万能同意，简洁直接
“Of course.” “Will you pass the salt ” → “Of course.”
“Can I borrow your book ” → “Of course.” 礼貌且正式的肯定回应
“No problem.” “Could you pick up the package ” → “No problem.”
“May I leave early today ” → “No problem.” 强调 “无阻碍” 的积极态度
“Alright.” “Can you call me later ” → “Alright.”
“May I join your group ” → “Alright.” 中性偏口语的同意
“Go ahead.” “Can you start the meeting ” → “Go ahead.”
“May I start eating ” → “Go ahead.” 示意 “可以行动” 的许可
以下是既能回应请求（Request） 又能回应许可（Permission） 的通用同意表达。
Can/Could for polite request and permission.
以下是既能回应请求（Request） 又能回应许可（Permission） 的通用拒绝表达。
表达 场景示例（请求→许可） 核心逻辑
“I’m sorry, I can’t.” “Can you drive me home ” → “I’m sorry, I can’t.”
“May I use your car ” → “I’m sorry, you can’t.” 道歉 + 直接拒绝，请求用 “我不能”，许可用 “你不能”
“Not possible.” “Could you finish it today ” → “Not possible.”
“May I enter the lab ” → “Not possible.” 简洁强调 “不可行”
“I’m afraid not.” “Can you attend the party ” → “I’m afraid not.”
“May I bring a friend ” → “I’m afraid not.” 委婉软化拒绝语气
“Not right now.” “Can you help me now ” → “Not right now.”
“May I use the computer ” → “Not right now.” 暂时拒绝，保留可能性
Make up conversations for each setting, using can or could.
1. You are at your friend’s home. You want to call
your parents, but your phone is dead.
A: Can/Could I use your phone
B: Sure./Of course.
/ded/ adj.
不运行的; 死的
3c
Make up conversations for each setting, using can or could.
2. You were sick at home yesterday. Your friend went
to an English class and took notes. You want to
know more about the class.
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
A: Can/Could you tell me something about
yesterday’s English class
B: Sure. / Of course.
take notes 做笔记
note /n t/ n. 笔记;便条 v. 注意
know about 知道; 了解
3c
Make up conversations for each setting, using can or could.
3. You are holding a large box. It is difficult to open
the door. Your neighbour comes.
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
A: Can/Could you help me open the door
B: Sure. / Of course.
It’s + adj.+ to do sth. 做某事是……的
it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式短语。
It is difficult to open the door. 难以开门
hold a large box 抱着一个大箱子
3c
Make up conversations for each setting, using can or could.
4. You and your classmates want to help clean up the
community. Ask your classmates to bring gloves
and rubbish bags.
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
A: Can/Could you bring gloves and rubbish bage
to clean up the community
B: Sure. / Of course. / No problem.
clean up 清扫
/k 'mju n ti/ n. 社区;社团
/'r b / n. 垃圾
rubbish bag 垃圾袋
rubbish bin 垃圾桶
take out the rubbish 倒垃圾
3c
What do you say in these situations
Can/Could you please pass me the salt
Can/Could I have these postcards
Can/Could you please turn off the radio
Can/Could I borrow your newspaper
Can/Could I use your pen
Language points
Point 1
1. Can I stay out until eleven 我可以在外面待到11点吗？
①I waited until eleven. 我一直等到11点。
② The noise didn’t stop until midnight. 噪声一直到午夜才停止。
③ He lived with his parents until he got married. 他与父母住在一起直到结婚。
④I didn’t go to bed until I finished my homework last night. 昨晚直到写完作
业我才睡觉。
分析例句总结until的用法
wait延续性动词
prep. 到……时；直到……为止
live延续性动词
stop短暂性动词
go短暂性动词
not… until 直到……才
not… until 直到……才
conj. 到……时；直到……为止
小
结
① until 用于肯定句，谓语动词为延续性动词，表示该动作一直持续到
until所表示的时间为止。
②until 用于否定句时，构成not…until结构，意为“直到……才”，此
时谓语动词为短暂性动词。
【即学即练】
1.(2025·宁波)Don't trouble trouble _______ (直到) trouble troubles you.
2.It stopped raining yesterday. Then I went home. (用until改写句子)
I ________ go home ________ it stopped raining yesterday.
until
didn’t until
Point 2
You want to call your parents, but your phone is dead.
你想 给你父母打电话，但是你的手机不运行了。
归纳总结：与dead相关的词
die v. 死 作谓语
dead adj. 不运行的；死的 作定语、表语
death n. 死亡 作主语、宾语
dying adj. 垂死的 只作定语
the +adj. 表示一类人， 这种结构使得形容词具有名词化的功能。常见示例：
the dead 死者 the living 活着的人 the young 年轻人 the old 老年人
the rich 富人 the poor 穷人 the blind 盲人 the brave 勇敢的人
dead adj. 不运行的；死的
【即学即练】
1.He fell asleep at last when the wind was ________(die)down.
2.The poor little dog was badly ill and ________ (die) days later.
3.When I walked in the fields, I saw a ________ (die) bird there.
4.The World Health Organization (WHO) has listed the top 10 causes of ________ (die) across the globe.
dying
died
dead
death
1. 这棵树死了很久了。（中翻英）
This tree has been dead for a long time.
2. The room was in dead silence.（英翻中）
房间里一片死寂。
自我检测
按要求写出正确的单词、词组或句子。
直到 (连词) __________ 2. 直到…才 (短语) ___________
3.小心(短语) __________ 4. 看电影(短语) __________
5. 不运行的(形容词) __________ 6. 记笔记 (短语) __________
7. 打扫（短语）__________ 8. 社区（名词）________
9. 你能带手套和垃圾袋吗？ ___________________________
当然/没问题。 _______________________
11. 我能在外面待到晚上十一点吗？___________________
12. 你能帮我挂照片吗
________________________________________
until
not ...until
be careful with
go to the movies
dead
take notes
clean up
community
Could you please bring gloves and rubbish bags
Sure./No problem!
Could I stay out until eleven
Could you help ma hang up the photos
1. My phone is __________ (die). Could I borrow your power bank
2. There are about five hundred ____________ (community) in our city.
3. Leo always takes __________ (note) carefully in English class.
4. Look! There __________ (be) some rubbish and paper bags on the
playground.
5. —Could you please __________ (not say) bad words about Jack
—Sorry, I won't.
dead
I. 用括号内所给单词或短语的适当形式填空。
communities
notes
is
not say
Exercises
II. 根据汉语意思完成下列句子(每空一词)。
1. 切洋葱时，请当心你的眼睛。
When you cut up the onions, please _______ _________ _______
your eyes.
2. 我们在课堂上应该认真记笔记。
We should ________ ________ carefully in class.
3. 你的书包乱糟糟。你需要整理它。
Your schoolbag is in a mess. You should ________ ______ _______.
4. 周末我想和朋友去看电影。
I want to ________ ________ ________ ________ with my friends this weekend.
5. 上学期，直到6月底，我们才结束新课。
We _______ finish the new lessons _______ the end of June last term.
clean it up
be careful with
take notes
go to the movies
didn’t until
Exercises
III. 按要求完成下列句子(每空一词)。
1. She can fix the bike herself. (改为一般疑问句)
________ she ________ the bike herself
2. —Mike, could you lend me your dictionary (作肯定回答)
—________ ________. Here you are.
3. —Excuse me, could I open the window (作肯定回答)
—Yes, ________ ________.
4. He could solve the problem. (对画线部分提问)
________ ________ he ________
5. Lucy was able to ride a bike at six. (改为同义句)
Lucy ________ ________ a bike at six.
Yes sure
you can
/of course
What could do
could ride
Can fix
Exercises

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