资源简介

　 UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES
Section Ⅰ　Listening and Speaking
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
（2024·沧州十校高一下月考）The ancient Chinese thinker
Confucius regarded benevolence （仁） as the underpinning of morality and as the basis of all the virtues.There is a story in The History of the Three Kingdoms which can help us understand the concept of benevolence.
　　The story goes that Cao Cao led a large army south to attack Jingzhou.At that time the military commander of Jingzhou， Liu Biao， had recently died of illness， and his second son， Liu Cong， had succeeded to his position.At the urging of his followers who wished to surrender the city， Liu Cong was preparing to capitulate （投降） to Cao Cao.Liu Bei had reached the city of Xiangyang， where the master strategist Zhuge Liang advised him to attack his ally Liu Cong.Zhuge Liang said that Liu Cong had already surrendered， and was about to deliver Jingzhou to Cao Cao.So it would be better if Jingzhou fell into their hands than into Cao Cao’s.“This is the very moment，” he said， “to attack Liu Cong.” But when Liu Bei remembered how Liu Cong’s father had once protected him， he could not attack Liu Cong.He told Zhuge Liang，“No， I have not the heart to do it.”
　　This is an example of benevolence.
　　This story gives us a glimpse of how Liu Bei used benevolence as his method of government.Liu Bei can be said to be a gentleman with the virtue of benevolence.In this， he stands in sharp contrast to Cao Cao.Liu Bei’s image of benevolence and righteousness won more of the people’s hearts for him.He gained the support of all the people and officials， which made him an outstanding figure in Chinese history.Benevolence is the first of the fine traditional virtues of the Chinese race.This spirit clearly demonstrates the kindheartedness and friendliness of the Chinese people.Everybody supports people of benevolence and love for others.
1.What does the underlined phrase “succeeded to” in Paragraph 2 probably mean？（　　）
A.Gave out.　　　　　　B.Took over.
C.Turned down. D.Put forward.
2.What did Zhuge Liang advise Liu Bei to do？（　　）
A.To occupy Jingzhou.
B.To give up Xiangyang.
C.To capitulate to Cao Cao.
D.To attack Cao Cao with Liu Cong.
3.How did Zhuge Liang probably feel about Liu Bei’s decision？（　　）
A.Satisfied. B.Surprised.
C.Confused. D.Disappointed.
4.What’s the purpose of the last paragraph？（　　）
A.To make a summary.
B.To offer a suggestion.
C.To add a supplement.
D.To provide an example.
B
　　（2024·南京高一下质检）Dwayne Johnson said this week he returned to a 7-Eleven in Hawaii to “right the wrong” of stealing candy when he was a teenager.
　　In an Instagram post， the star explained that his family was “broke as hell” when he was living on the island and， for nearly a year when he was 14， he would steal a Snickers （士力架） bar from the store on the way to the gym “every day” as his pre-workout snack because he couldn’t afford to buy one.
　　He recalled that “the same clerk was there every day and always just turned her head and never searched me”， but admitted that his actions had been weighing on his conscience （良心） for three decades.
　　Johnson documented the recent visit to the store， in which he emptied the shelves of every Snickers bar， bought them and then left the candy bars for any customers to take for free.
　　“If somebody looks like they’re stealing Snickers， give them these so they don’t steal it，” Johnson told the store clerk.
　　He wrote that he realised the deed might seem “silly”， but every time he would come back home to Hawaii and drive by 7-Eleven， he always knew he “needed to go in and clean out every Snickers bar they had — the right way”.
　　Johnson racked up a bill of 298 and also tipped the clerk who had to count the dozens of bars he bought and another cashier who was working at the time.The former wrestling star even posed for selfies with fans while trying to film the visit.
　　Yes， we can’t change the past and some of the dumb stuff we may have done， but every once in a while we can do something to make up for that fault — and maybe put a big smile on some stranger’s faces.
5.How did Dwayne Johnson feel about what he did at the age of 14？（　　）
A.Guilty. B.Worried.
C.Nervous. D.Confused.
6.Why did Dwayne Johnson spend $298 on Snickers bars？（　　）
A.To thank the store clerk.
B.To realise his childhood dream.
C.To show he was wealthy enough.
D.To make up for his past behaviour.
7.What can we learn about Dwayne Johnson？（　　）
A.He was born into a rich family.
B.He was lazy when he was young.
C.He was responsible for his behaviour.
D.He was helped by the clerk in the past.
8.What does the author want to tell us by sharing Dwayne Johnson’s story？（　　）
A.Honesty is the best policy.
B.It’s never too late to mend.
C.What’s done cannot be undone.
D.Actions speak louder than words.
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
　　（2024·重庆高一下月考）Do you want to speak fluent English？ We would simply advice you to think of the word CEK which stands for Change Attitude， Expose Yourself and Keep Talking.
　　Change Attitude： From our experience， this is the most common problem for anyone who wants to learn English.The point is that you should realise that your goal is to communicate with people in English.
　　9.（　　） Well， if you want to be， please skip this article immediately.So do not worry about 100% correct grammar.
　　It is acceptable for the beginner to say “he don’t know” instead of “he doesn’t know” as long as the listener understands what you are trying to communicate.10.（　　）
　　Expose Yourself： This step means to expose yourself to English environment.Of course， it is better if you could come to US or UK to study or learn English.11.（　　）
　　This is twenty-first century and English is already everywhere.Movies， music， newspapers， articles and hundreds of tourists who walk past you every day can be great learning sources.12.（　　）
　　Keep Talking： Whenever you have a chance to talk or to test your skills， just do it.As the saying goes，“Practice makes perfect.” 13.（　　）
　　Do not worry about making mistakes.Everyone makes mistakes， Tiger Woods， David Beckham， Madonna， etc.Who are you？ Come on.Let’s go out and create your own world of English.
A.Speaking is the most difficult part.
B.But I would say that you don’t have to.
C.Nothing is more important than hard work.
D.You can even assume situations and talk to yourself.
E.Just make the best of every opportunity to learn English.
F.You do not want to be an English professor or a professional translator.
G.At least it is less annoying for them to wait for you 1 minute to produce each perfect sentence.
Section Ⅰ　Listening and Speaking
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。三国时期，当荆州面临危险之际，刘备拒绝诸葛亮攻打荆州的建议，表现了刘备仁义的一面。
1.B　词义猜测题。根据第二段可知，当时刘表去世，其子刘琮应该是继承或接管了其职位。
2.A　细节理解题。根据第二段可知，由于当时刘琮打算投降曹操，诸葛亮建议刘备攻打荆州。诸葛亮的想法是：与其让荆州落入曹操之手，还不如刘备一方占领荆州。
3.D　推理判断题。根据第二段可知，由于刘备念及荆州旧主刘表旧恩，没有听从诸葛亮攻打荆州的建议。由此可以判断，诸葛亮肯定很失望。
4.A　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，本段主要是对上文故事进行总结，说明刘备受到后世好评的原因以及“仁义”在中国文化中的重要意义。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。Dwayne Johnson 14岁时曾经偷过便利店的士力架巧克力，如今已成为明星的他为了表示对过去错误的忏悔，去该便利店花298美元买下该店所有的士力架巧克力供有需要的顾客免费拿走。
5.A　细节理解题。根据第三段可知，30年来，Dwayne Johnson对他青少年时偷士力架巧克力的行为一直受到良心的谴责。
6.D　推理判断题。根据上下文可知，Dwayne Johnson这么做是为了对过去自己所犯的错误表示弥补和忏悔。
7.C　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，Dwayne Johnson指出，我们虽然无法改变过去，但是总是可以做一些事来对过去的错误做出弥补和补偿。由此可知，他是一个对自己行为负责的人。
8.B　主旨大意题。综合全文尤其是最后一段可知，作者分享Dwayne Johnson的故事，主要想告诉我们弥补过失和改正错误的重要性，即使这种弥补和改正来得晚一些。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要就如何练习英语口语提出了三条建议。
9.F　上文强调学英语的目的是交际，下文的if you want to be暗示F项符合语境。
10.G　上文说用英文交际时犯一些语法错误没关系，这里G项是对上文意思的延续和补充，符合语境。
11.B　上文说去英美国家学英语当然很好，下文又说21世纪处处都能学英语，故B项符合语境。
12.E　上文说处处都有学英语的资源，我们自然要好好利用这些机会，故E项符合语境。
13.D　本部分强调坚持说英语的重要性，有机会要说，没有机会要创造机会——想象语言环境并自言自语，故D项符合语境。
2 / 3Section Ⅰ　Listening and Speaking
　　　　　　　　　　　　　话题听力提能 ——捕捉信息，精准判断
听下面4段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第1段材料，回答第1至3题。
1.What happened to the man？（　　）
A.He spent one month in the hospital.
B.A car accident happened to him.
C.He had to be hospitalized because of an illness.
2.What does the man want to do？（　　）
A.Offer help.
B.Borrow notes.
C.Study in the library.
3.Where do the speakers decide to go first？（　　）
A.The library.
B.The man’s house.
C.A restaurant.
听第2段材料，回答第4至6题。
4.What might the woman be？（　　）
A.A ticket seller.
B.A receptionist.
C.A travel agent.
5.When will Mr White fly to Australia？（　　）
A.26 July.　　B.27 July.　　C.2 August.
6.How many nights will Mr White stay in Australia？（　　）
A.Five. B.Six. C.Seven.
听第3段材料，回答第7至9题。
7.What does the man ask the woman to do？（　　）
A.See a doctor.
B.Tell him the truth.
C.Go jogging with him.
8.What mistake did the woman make？（　　）
A.Sending the wrong goods to the customer.
B.Forgetting to fill in the address.
C.Losing the package.
9.What’s the man’s suggestion for the woman？（　　）
A.Trying to make up the lost.
B.Making an apology first.
C.Being careful in future.
听第4段材料，回答第10至12题。
10.What did Aaron like doing on the open land？（　　）
A.Exploring nature.
B.Catching birds.
C.Doing homework.
11.What did Aaron do to save the land？（　　）
A.He talked to government officials.
B.He asked his teachers for advice.
C.He wrote to TV journalists.
12.What does the speaker think of Aaron？（　　）
A.He’s brave.
B.He’s stubborn.
C.He’s creative.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　话题表达实战 ——聚焦主题，定向突破
　　情境：英语课上，老师鼓励学生们探讨优秀的传统美德，同学们踊跃发言。
　　阅读并根据提示完成下面对话。
Teacher：As we all know， 1.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 （我们中国人有很多传统美德）.Next， I want to find some students to tell us something about our virtues.Li Hua， please！
Li Hua：Thanks， Ms Liu.2.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 （我认为最重要的美德之一是诚信）.Honesty is the base of the society.
Teacher：Very good.Wang Lei， do you have anything to say？
Wang Lei：Yes， Ms Liu.In my opinion， diligence is more important， 3.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 （因为我们中国人因勤奋努力而著称）.
Teacher：Good！ Anyone else？
Han Meimei：Ms Liu， 4.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 （我认为友善对我们的社会很重要）.
moral adj.道德的；道义上的 n.品行；道德；寓意
【教材原句】　In this unit， you will listen to discussions about moral dilemmas and the power of kindness and talk about the virtues that we cherish.
在本单元中，你会听关于道德困境和善良力量的讨论，并谈论我们所珍视的美德。
【用法】
（1）It’s moral to do ...　做……是合乎道德的 （2）morally adv. 道德上 immoral adj. 不道德的
【佳句】　The moral of the fable “The Tortoise and the Hare” is that only by persisting in whatever we are doing can we succeed.
寓言“龟兔赛跑”的寓意是：无论做什么，只有坚持不懈，我们才能成功。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①Anything that is 　　　　　　（moral） wrong is ultimately bad for individuals and the company.
【写美】　完成句子
②　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， instead of standing by， we should give a hand.
面对道德困境，我们应该伸出援手，而不是袖手旁观。
dilemma n.进退两难的境地；困境
【用法】
moral dilemma　　　　　　　道德困境 get out of a dilemma 摆脱困境 put sb into a dilemma 使某人陷入困境 in a dilemma 处于困境中
【佳句】　①Many women are faced with the dilemma of choosing between work and family commitments.
许多女性面临着在工作和家庭之间选择的两难境地。
②We now face an embarrassing dilemma： Should we stay or go？
我们现在面临着一个尴尬的困境：我们应该留下还是离开？
【练透】　单句语法填空
①When faced with 　　　dilemma， we should think twice and make a right choice.
②She was 　　　a dilemma， wondering what to do next.
【写美】　完成句子
③I am grateful that you helped me 　　　　　　　　　　　　I was in.
我很感激你帮助我摆脱了进退两难的境地。
④　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 about whether to continue or cancel the event.
突如其来的雨使组织者陷入了继续还是取消活动的两难境地。
Section Ⅰ　Listening and Speaking
【话题听说·勤操练】
话题听力提能
1－5　CBACB　6－10　BBACA　11－12　CA
听力原文：
（Text 1）
M：Hi， Emma.How is it going？
W：Everything’s fine.How about you？
M：I’m good.Thanks for asking.Can I ask you a favour？
W：Sure， what can I do for you？
M：You know I had a two-week stay in the hospital.I missed a couple of classes.
W：Yeah.It’s good to see you fully recover from an illness.
M：I was wondering if you’d be willing to lend me your economics notes.
W：I got you， David.I can give you my notes.
M：Thank you， Emma.You saved the day.
W：No problem.Actually， I can also help you study today.
M：That would be great.Well， it’s nearly eleven thirty.How about going to my place to have lunch together？ Then we can stay in my study.
W：Sounds good.But I need to go to the library first to get my books.
M：Okay.Let’s go.
（Text 2）
W：Good morning， sir.How can I help you？
M：Well， I have some time off from work next month.And I was thinking of going to Australia.
W：That sounds great.How long is your vacation？
M：Just one week.26 July is my last day at work.
W：OK.Here is a Sydney brochure.Have a look and see if there’s a hotel that you like.
M：Oh， the Four Seasons Hotel is good.
W：Yes， it’s a very high-class hotel.I’m sure you’ll enjoy your stay there.So， would you like me to make the booking now， sir？
M：Hmm ...Yes， please.
W：I just need to take some personal information.What’s your full name and telephone number？
M：Martin Andrew White.And the number is 026249734.
W：Do you plan to travel alone， Mr White？
M：Yes， just me.
W：OK.You’ll finish work on Friday the 26th.Shall I try to book your flight for the next morning？ And then you’ll reach at noon on the first day.
M：Yes， great.And a return flight on 2 August， please.
（Text 3）
M：You look upset.What’s wrong with you？
W：Yes， I’m unwell today.
M：Please don’t lie to me.You told me that you went jogging this morning， didn’t you？ Please be honest to me.Who knows I can help you.
W：Actually Mr Scott got angry with me just now.
M：Why did he get angry with you？
W：I have done a big mistake.
M：What’s that？
W：I have sent the wrong goods to the customer so that we lost millions of dollars.
M：How come？ You’re really careless！ You should be more careful in doing things.
W：I made a mistake in putting the address on the package.I didn’t do it intentionally.I feel guilty， and I have apologised.
M：Yes， I know it.But it’s useless to regret.Don’t make any mistakes again.
W：Alright， I think you are right.I promise I won’t do it again.
（Text 4）
　　W：Aaron， a 12-year-old boy， loved playing on the open land near his home.The land was wet and forested， and made a home for animals and many different plants.It made the perfect place for him to get to know and study nature.All of a sudden， it was announced that the empty land would be improved by building a very large complex of apartments on it.The plants would be removed， and the animals would escape and most probably die.When Aaron heard the news， he was not happy.He was worried that polluted water would run from the apartments into the ponds.From the ponds， water would run into the water supply that served the people of that area.
　　Aaron wrote down clearly all the research he had done about the area， and how the apartment block would affect the local environment.He sent letters to members of government and television reporters.Finally， Aaron prevented the apartments from being built， and thus helped save his environment.The land remained a safe place for animals and plants.
　　Although Aaron was only 12， he had the courage and wisdom of a person much older.Aaron’s teachers described him as gentle， shy and motivated.
话题表达实战
1.we Chinese have many traditional virtues
2.I think one of the most important virtues is honesty
3.because we Chinese are famous for being diligent and hard-working
4.I think kindness is of great importance to our society
【知识要点·须拾遗】
1.①morally　②Faced with moral dilemmas
2.①a　②in　③get out of the dilemma
④The sudden rain put the organizers into a dilemma
2 / 3(共51张PPT)
Section Ⅰ
Listening and Speaking
1
话题听说·勤操练
目 录
2
知识要点·须拾遗
3
课时检测·提能力
话题听说·勤操练
志在强化技能
1
　话题听力提能 ——捕捉信息，精准判断
听下面4段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所
给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将
有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的
作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第1段材料，回答第1至3题。
1. What happened to the man？（　　）
A. He spent one month in the hospital.
B. A car accident happened to him.
C. He had to be hospitalized because of an illness.
2. What does the man want to do？（　　）
A. Offer help.
B. Borrow notes.
C. Study in the library.
3. Where do the speakers decide to go first？（　　）
A. The library.
B. The man’s house.
C. A restaurant.
听第2段材料，回答第4至6题。
4. What might the woman be？（　　）
A. A ticket seller.
B. A receptionist.
C. A travel agent.
5. When will Mr White fly to Australia？（　　）
A. 26 July. B. 27 July. C. 2 August.
6. How many nights will Mr White stay in Australia？（　　）
A. Five. B. Six. C. Seven.
听第3段材料，回答第7至9题。
7. What does the man ask the woman to do？（　　）
A. See a doctor.
B. Tell him the truth.
C. Go jogging with him.
8. What mistake did the woman make？（　　）
A. Sending the wrong goods to the customer.
B. Forgetting to fill in the address.
C. Losing the package.
9. What’s the man’s suggestion for the woman？（　　）
A. Trying to make up the lost.
B. Making an apology first.
C. Being careful in future.
听第4段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What did Aaron like doing on the open land？（　　）
A. Exploring nature.
B. Catching birds.
C. Doing homework.
11. What did Aaron do to save the land？（　　）
A. He talked to government officials.
B. He asked his teachers for advice.
C. He wrote to TV journalists.
12. What does the speaker think of Aaron？（　　）
A. He’s brave. B. He’s stubborn.
C. He’s creative.
听力原文：
（Text 1）
M：Hi， Emma.How is it going？
W：Everything’s fine.How about you？
M：I’m good.Thanks for asking.Can I ask you a favour？
W：Sure， what can I do for you？
M：You know I had a two-week stay in the hospital.I missed a couple of
classes.
W：Yeah.It’s good to see you fully recover from an illness.
M：I was wondering if you’d be willing to lend me your economics
notes.
W：I got you， David.I can give you my notes.
M：Thank you， Emma.You saved the day.
W：No problem.Actually， I can also help you study today.
M：That would be great.Well， it’s nearly eleven thirty.How about
going to my place to have lunch together？ Then we can stay in my study.
W：Sounds good.But I need to go to the library first to get my books.
M：Okay.Let’s go.
（Text 2）
W：Good morning， sir.How can I help you？
M：Well， I have some time off from work next month.And I was
thinking of going to Australia.
W：That sounds great.How long is your vacation？
M：Just one week.26 July is my last day at work.
W：OK. Here is a Sydney brochure.Have a look and see if there’s a
hotel that you like.
M：Oh， the Four Seasons Hotel is good.
W：Yes， it’s a very high-class hotel.I’m sure you’ll enjoy your stay
there.So， would you like me to make the booking now， sir？
M：Hmm ...Yes， please.
W：I just need to take some personal information.What’s your full name
and telephone number？
M：Martin Andrew White.And the number is 026249734.
W：Do you plan to travel alone， Mr White？
M：Yes， just me.
W：OK. You’ll finish work on Friday the 26th.Shall I try to book your
flight for the next morning？ And then you’ll reach at noon on the first
day.
M：Yes， great.And a return flight on 2 August， please.
（Text 3）
M：You look upset.What’s wrong with you？
W：Yes， I’m unwell today.
M：Please don’t lie to me.You told me that you went jogging this
morning， didn’t you？ Please be honest to me.Who knows I can help
you.
W：Actually Mr Scott got angry with me just now.
M：Why did he get angry with you？
W：I have done a big mistake.
M：What’s that？
W：I have sent the wrong goods to the customer so that we lost millions of
dollars.
M：How come？ You’re really careless！ You should be more careful in
doing things.
W：I made a mistake in putting the address on the package.I didn’t do it
intentionally.I feel guilty， and I have apologised.
M：Yes， I know it.But it’s useless to regret.Don’t make any
mistakes again.
W：Alright， I think you are right.I promise I won’t do it again.
（Text 4）
　　W：Aaron， a 12-year-old boy， loved playing on the open land
near his home.The land was wet and forested， and made a home for
animals and many different plants.It made the perfect place for him to get
to know and study nature.All of a sudden， it was announced that the
empty land would be improved by building a very large complex of
apartments on it.The plants would be removed， and the animals would
escape and most probably die.When Aaron heard the news， he was not
happy.He was worried that polluted water would run from the apartments
into the ponds.From the ponds， water would run into the water supply
that served the people of that area.
　　Aaron wrote down clearly all the research he had done about the
area， and how the apartment block would affect the local
environment.He sent letters to members of government and television
reporters.Finally， Aaron prevented the apartments from being built，
and thus helped save his environment.The land remained a safe place for
animals and plants.
　　Although Aaron was only 12， he had the courage and wisdom of a
person much older.Aaron’s teachers described him as gentle， shy and
motivated.
　话题表达实战 ——聚焦主题，定向突破
　　情境：英语课上，老师鼓励学生们探讨优秀的传统美德，同学
们踊跃发言。
　　阅读并根据提示完成下面对话。
Teacher：As we all know， 1.
（我们中国人有很多传统美德）.Next， I want to find some
students to tell us something about our virtues.Li Hua， please！
we Chinese have many traditional
virtues　
Li Hua：Thanks， Ms Liu.2.
（我认为最重要的美德之一是诚信）.Honesty is the base
of the society.
Teacher：Very good.Wang Lei， do you have anything to say？
Wang Lei：Yes， Ms Liu.In my opinion， diligence is more important，
3.
（因为我们中国人因勤奋努力而著称）.
Teacher：Good！ Anyone else？
Han Meimei：Ms Liu， 4.
（我认为友善对我们的社会很重要）.
I think one of the most important virtues
is honesty　
because we Chinese are famous for being diligent and hard-
working　
I think kindness is of great importance to our
society　
知识要点·须拾遗
关注高频词汇
2
moral adj.道德的；道义上的 n.品行；道德；寓意
【教材原句】　In this unit， you will listen to discussions about moral
dilemmas and the power of kindness and talk about the virtues that we
cherish.在本单元中，你会听关于道德困境和善良力量的讨论，并谈
论我们所珍视的美德。
【用法】
（1）It’s moral to do ...　做……是合乎道德的
（2）morally adv.　　道德上
immoral adj.　　不道德的
【佳句】　The moral of the fable “The Tortoise and the Hare” is that
only by persisting in whatever we are doing can we succeed.寓言“龟兔
赛跑”的寓意是：无论做什么，只有坚持不懈，我们才能成功。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①Anything that is （moral） wrong is ultimately bad for
individuals and the company.
【写美】　完成句子
② ， instead of standing by， we should
give a hand.
面对道德困境，我们应该伸出援手，而不是袖手旁观。
morally　
Faced with moral dilemmas　
dilemma n.进退两难的境地；困境
【用法】
moral dilemma　　　 　道德困境
get out of a dilemma　　摆脱困境
put sb into a dilemma　　使某人陷入困境
in a dilemma　　处于困境中
【佳句】　①Many women are faced with the dilemma of choosing
between work and family commitments.
许多女性面临着在工作和家庭之间选择的两难境地。
②We now face an embarrassing dilemma： Should we stay or go？我们
现在面临着一个尴尬的困境：我们应该留下还是离开？
【练透】　单句语法填空
①When faced with dilemma， we should think twice and make a
right choice.
②She was a dilemma， wondering what to do next.
a　
in　
【写美】　完成句子
③I am grateful that you helped me I was in.
我很感激你帮助我摆脱了进退两难的境地。
④ about whether to
continue or cancel the event.突如其来的雨使组织者陷入了继续还是取
消活动的两难境地。
get out of the dilemma　
The sudden rain put the organizers into a dilemma　
课时检测·提能力
培育学科素养
3
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
（2024·沧州十校高一下月考）The ancient Chinese thinker Confucius regarded benevolence （仁） as the underpinning of morality and as the basis of all the irtues.There is a story in The History of the Three Kingdoms which can help us understand the concept of benevolence.
　　The story goes that Cao Cao led a large army south to attack
Jingzhou.At that time the military commander of Jingzhou， Liu Biao，
had recently died of illness， and his second son， Liu Cong， had
succeeded to his position.At the urging of his followers who wished to
surrender the city， Liu Cong was preparing to capitulate （投降） to Cao
Cao.Liu Bei had reached the city of Xiangyang， where the master
strategist Zhuge Liang advised him to attack his ally Liu Cong.Zhuge
Liang said that Liu Cong had already surrendered，
and was about to deliver Jingzhou to Cao Cao.So it would be better if
Jingzhou fell into their hands than into Cao Cao’s.“This is the very
moment，” he said， “to attack Liu Cong.” But when Liu Bei
remembered how Liu Cong’s father had once protected him， he could
not attack Liu Cong.He told Zhuge Liang，“No， I have not the heart to
do it.”
　　This is an example of benevolence.
　　This story gives us a glimpse of how Liu Bei used benevolence as his
method of government.Liu Bei can be said to be a gentleman with the
virtue of benevolence.In this， he stands in sharp contrast to Cao Cao.Liu
Bei’s image of benevolence and righteousness won more of the
people’s hearts for him.He gained the support of all the people and
officials， which made him an outstanding figure in Chinese
history.Benevolence is the first of the fine traditional virtues of the
Chinese race.This spirit clearly demonstrates the kindheartedness and
friendliness of the Chinese people.Everybody supports people of
benevolence and love for others.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。三国时期，当荆州面临危险之际，
刘备拒绝诸葛亮攻打荆州的建议，表现了刘备仁义的一面。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。三国时期，当荆州面临危险之际，
刘备拒绝诸葛亮攻打荆州的建议，表现了刘备仁义的一面。
1. What does the underlined phrase “succeeded to” in Paragraph 2
probably mean？（　　）
A. Gave out. B. Took over.
C. Turned down. D. Put forward.
解析：　词义猜测题。根据第二段可知，当时刘表去世，其子刘
琮应该是继承或接管了其职位。
A. To occupy Jingzhou.
B. To give up Xiangyang.
C. To capitulate to Cao Cao.
D. To attack Cao Cao with Liu Cong.
2.What did Zhuge Liang advise Liu Bei to do？（　　）
解析：　细节理解题。根据第二段可知，由于当时刘琮打算投降
曹操，诸葛亮建议刘备攻打荆州。诸葛亮的想法是：与其让荆州落
入曹操之手，还不如刘备一方占领荆州。
3.How did Zhuge Liang probably feel about Liu Bei’s decision？（　　）
A. Satisfied. B. Surprised.
C. Confused. D. Disappointed.
解析：　推理判断题。根据第二段可知，由于刘备念及荆州旧主
刘表旧恩，没有听从诸葛亮攻打荆州的建议。由此可以判断，诸葛
亮肯定很失望。
4.What’s the purpose of the last paragraph？（　　）
A. To make a summary. B. To offer a suggestion.
C. To add a supplement. D. To provide an example.
解析：　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，本段主要是对上文故
事进行总结，说明刘备受到后世好评的原因以及“仁义”在中国文
化中的重要意义。
B
　　（2024·南京高一下质检）Dwayne Johnson said this week he
returned to a 7-Eleven in Hawaii to “right the wrong” of stealing candy
when he was a teenager.
　　In an Instagram post， the star explained that his family was “broke
as hell” when he was living on the island and， for nearly a year when he
was 14， he would steal a Snickers （士力架） bar from the store on the
way to the gym “every day” as his pre-workout snack because he
couldn’t afford to buy one.
　　He recalled that “the same clerk was there every day and always just
turned her head and never searched me”， but admitted that his actions
had been weighing on his conscience （良心） for three decades.
　　Johnson documented the recent visit to the store， in which he
emptied the shelves of every Snickers bar， bought them and then left the
candy bars for any customers to take for free.
　　“If somebody looks like they’re stealing Snickers， give them
these so they don’t steal it，” Johnson told the store clerk.
　　He wrote that he realised the deed might seem “silly”， but every
time he would come back home to Hawaii and drive by 7-Eleven， he
always knew he “needed to go in and clean out every Snickers bar they
had — the right way”.
　　Johnson racked up a bill of 298 and also tipped the clerk who had to
count the dozens of bars he bought and another cashier who was working
at the time.The former wrestling star even posed for selfies with fans
while trying to film the visit.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。Dwayne Johnson 14岁时曾经偷过便
利店的士力架巧克力，如今已成为明星的他为了表示对过去错误的
忏悔，去该便利店花298美元买下该店所有的士力架巧克力供有需要
的顾客免费拿走。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。Dwayne Johnson 14岁时曾经偷过便
利店的士力架巧克力，如今已成为明星的他为了表示对过去错误的
忏悔，去该便利店花298美元买下该店所有的士力架巧克力供有需要
的顾客免费拿走。
　　Yes， we can’t change the past and some of the dumb stuff we may
have done， but every once in a while we can do something to make up for
that fault — and maybe put a big smile on some stranger’s faces.
5. How did Dwayne Johnson feel about what he did at the age of 14？
（　　）
A. Guilty. B. Worried.
C. Nervous. D. Confused.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段可知，30年来，Dwayne Johnson对他青少年时偷士力架巧克力的行为一直受到良心的谴
责。
A. To thank the store clerk.
B. To realise his childhood dream.
C. To show he was wealthy enough.
D. To make up for his past behaviour.
解析：　推理判断题。根据上下文可知，Dwayne Johnson这么做
是为了对过去自己所犯的错误表示弥补和忏悔。
6.Why did Dwayne Johnson spend $298 on Snickers bars？（　　）
A. He was born into a rich family.
B. He was lazy when he was young.
C. He was responsible for his behaviour.
D. He was helped by the clerk in the past.
解析：　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，Dwayne Johnson指
出，我们虽然无法改变过去，但是总是可以做一些事来对过去的错
误做出弥补和补偿。由此可知，他是一个对自己行为负责的人。
7.What can we learn about Dwayne Johnson？（　　）
A. Honesty is the best policy.
B. It’s never too late to mend.
C. What’s done cannot be undone.
D. Actions speak louder than words.
解析：　主旨大意题。综合全文尤其是最后一段可知，作者分享
Dwayne Johnson的故事，主要想告诉我们弥补过失和改正错误的重
要性，即使这种弥补和改正来得晚一些。
8.What does the author want to tell us by sharing Dwayne Johnson’s story？（　　）
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
　　（2024·重庆高一下月考）Do you want to speak fluent English？
We would simply advice you to think of the word CEK which stands for
Change Attitude， Expose Yourself and Keep Talking.
　　Change Attitude： From our experience， this is the most common
problem for anyone who wants to learn English.The point is that you
should realise that your goal is to communicate with people in English.
　　9.（　　） Well， if you want to be， please skip this article
immediately.So do not worry about 100% correct grammar.
　　It is acceptable for the beginner to say “he don’t know” instead of
“he doesn’t know” as long as the listener understands what you are
trying to communicate.10.（　　）
　　Expose Yourself： This step means to expose yourself to English
environment.Of course， it is better if you could come to US or UK to
study or learn English.11.（　　）
　　This is twenty-first century and English is already
everywhere.Movies， music， newspapers， articles and hundreds of
tourists who walk past you every day can be great learning sources.12.
（　　）
　　Keep Talking： Whenever you have a chance to talk or to test your
skills， just do it.As the saying goes，“Practice makes perfect.” 13.
（　　）
　　Do not worry about making mistakes.Everyone makes mistakes，
Tiger Woods， David Beckham， Madonna， etc.Who are you？ Come
on.Let’s go out and create your own world of English.
A. Speaking is the most difficult part.
B. But I would say that you don’t have to.
C. Nothing is more important than hard work.
D. You can even assume situations and talk to yourself.
E. Just make the best of every opportunity to learn English.
F. You do not want to be an English professor or a professional translator.
G. At least it is less annoying for them to wait for you 1 minute to produce
each perfect sentence.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要就如何练习英语口语提出
了三条建议。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要就如何练习英语口语提出
了三条建议。
9. F　上文强调学英语的目的是交际，下文的if you want to be暗示F项
符合语境。
10. G　上文说用英文交际时犯一些语法错误没关系，这里G项是对上
文意思的延续和补充，符合语境。
11. B　上文说去英美国家学英语当然很好，下文又说21世纪处处都
能学英语，故B项符合语境。
12. E　上文说处处都有学英语的资源，我们自然要好好利用这些机
会，故E项符合语境。
13. D　本部分强调坚持说英语的重要性，有机会要说，没有机会要
创造机会——想象语言环境并自言自语，故D项符合语境。
谢谢观看！

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