资源简介

Section Ⅱ　Reading and Thinking
维度一：品句填词
1.The committee will 　　　　　　（发表） their report on the health service in a few weeks.
2.In the past four 　　　　　　（十年）， China has improved the living standards of the ordinary people.
3.Don’t waste your 　　　　　　（宝贵的） time by chatting online all day long.
4.When asked about the clinic’s future， the physician 　　　　　　（回复） that he remained optimistic.
5.Caring for the elderly is a traditional 　　　　　（美德）， which will contribute to a harmonious society.
6.I am writing with the aim of c　　　　　　　　 about the terrible service of the insurance company.
7.In the past decade， Huawei company has h　　　　 thousands of technical experts.
8.I’m writing to express my sincere thanks to Ms Wang who t　　　　　　 my mother in the hospital.
维度二：单句语法填空
1.Public attitudes towards 　　　　　　（marry） have changed over the past 50 years.
2.People should make significant changes to their daily routines in 　　　　　　（respond） to serious air pollution.
3.　　　　　 （scare） to death， my colleague didn’t know how to deal with the whole horrible matter.
4.During the last ten years， the number of people taking part in physical fitness programmes has been increasing 　　　　　　（sharp）.
5.There is a growing 　　　　　　（tend） for people to work at home instead of in offices.
6.My grandfather is as 　　　　　　（energy） as a young man and hates sitting around doing nothing all day.
7.When it comes to education， I believe that nothing is 　　　　　　　　　　（important） than making our kids competitive in the 21st century.
8.Make sure you have understood all the details and try to get there a few minutes before the 　　　　　　（appoint） time.
维度三：固定搭配和句式
1.We are quite pleased to hear that 　　　　　　　　　　　captain of your school football team.
获悉你已被任命为你们学校足球队的队长我们非常高兴。
2.It was my headteacher’s encouragement and trust 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　.
正是我的班主任的鼓励和信任帮助我渡过了生活和学习中的难关。
3.After that serious disease， I realise that 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　.
那次严重的疾病之后，我意识到在生活中没有什么比健康更重要。
4.The ancient temple 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　in the past two hundred years.
这座古庙见证了过去两百年里这个村庄的巨大变迁。
5.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， I make the following promises.
作为对您投诉信的回应，我做出如下承诺。
维度四：课文语法填空
　　Lin Qiaozhi， who delivered over 50，000 babies in her lifetime，1.　　　　　　　　 （know） as the “mother of ten thousand babies”， though she never got married.2.　　　　　　 （affect） by her mother’s death， Lin Qiaozhi decided to study medicine 3.　　　　 the age of 18 instead of following the traditional path of 4.　　　　　　 （marry） like many other girls.After graduating from Peking Union Medical College， she was hired as a resident physician.5.　　　　　　　　 （work） for a few years， she was sent to Europe and the US，6.　　　　　　 she rejected her colleagues’ offer to stay， but returned home.Though appointed 7.　　　　　　 （hold） many important positions， she was more interested in tending patients.She held the belief that doctors should be responsible 8.　　　　 the patients.Dr Lin never retired.Even as she lay 9.　　　　　　 （die）， she was still thinking of others.This is Lin Qiaozhi， who devoted all her life to 10.　　　　　　 （help） the women and children in need of her help.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
　　（2024·临汾高一下期末）In Fujian Province during the Northern Song Dynasty （960－1127） there lived a man called Yang Shi.He devoted his whole life to study， and to spreading his ideas and theories.At that time， the brothers Cheng Hao and Cheng Yi， famous scholars in the capital， Luoyang， were teachers of the Way of Confucius and Mencius.
　　When Yang Shi heard of them， instead of going to where an official post had been assigned to him， he made his way to Luoyang and became Cheng Hao’s student.When Yang Shi finished his studies and left for home， Cheng Hao said with satisfaction， “My ideas are finally being spread in the south.” Four years later， Cheng Hao died and Yang Shi was extremely sad.
　　Later， Yang Shi made his way once more to Luoyang， where he asked Cheng Yi， Cheng Hao’s younger brother， to be his teacher.He wanted to make further progress in his studies.At that time Yang Shi was over forty years old， and a pretty well-known scholar， but he was very modest and respectful of teachers.
　　One day， Yang Shi and a fellow student， You Zuo， got into a dispute over a certain matter.Finding that they could not reconcile their differences， they decided to consult their teacher.
　　It happened to be the deep winter.When they reached Cheng Yi’s house they found him sitting by a stove meditating （冥想）.Yang Shi and his classmate did not dare to disturb their teacher， but stood respectfully outside the door waiting for him to wake up.
　　The snow fell relentlessly， thicker and thicker.After a long time， Cheng Yi came out of his reverie.He looked out of the window， to see the two men standing in a blizzard， covered in snow.The teacher hastily arose and ushered them inside.
　　Later， when Yang Shi had completed his study with Master Cheng Yi， he returned to the south and spread his teacher’s ideas.The story “Standing in the Snow at Cheng’s Door” became a fine tale transmitted from generation to generation advocating respect for teachers and for study.
1.What did Yang Shi do before he became Cheng Hao’s student？（　　）
A.He learned from Cheng Yi.
B.He gave up an official post.
C.He paid a visit to Cheng Yi.
D.He spread Cheng Yi’s ideas.
2.What does the underlined word “reconcile” in Paragraph 4 mean？（　　）
A.Settle. B.Notice.
C.Identify. D.Explain.
3.How did Cheng Yi probably feel when he saw his two students？（　　）
A.Surprised and moved.
B.Satisfied and delighted.
C.Confused and doubtful.
D.Disappointed and curious.
4.What message does this story intend to convey？（　　）
A.Always have a thirst for knowledge.
B.Keep learning from different teachers.
C.Acquire as much knowledge as possible.
D.Show respect for teachers and knowledge.
B
　　（2024·兰州高一下质检）What’s really behind the global rise in working longer and longer hours？We are all workers， whether we work in an office as managers， in a hot and noisy factory as workers or as housewives at home.
　　The important message is： Work is for man and not man for work！Through work， man develops himself， his personality and his sense of self-worth.It is also through work that man produces goods and services contributing and participating in the development and society.
　　According to latest International Labor Organization statistics， more than 400 million employed people worldwide work 49 or more hours per week.
　　In a recent interview with The New York Times， even Elon Musk， CEO of Tesla， felt moved to describe his 47th birthday spent locked in his factory， pulling an all-nighter.“No friends， nothing，” he said.It might have been just another day in another 120-hour work week.“This has really come at the expense of seeing my kids and seeing friends，” he added.
　　Hustling over long hours and weekends has become a staple of start-up culture in Silicon Valley — hence， it has also filtered out to many parts of the world.
　　The problem is that this “long hours” culture likely defeats the purpose of getting more things done， or at least puts a very high price on doing them.There is plenty of evidence that working overtime reduces your productivity， and makes you feel and actually be less healthy.It also makes you more likely to develop a whole range of diseases.
　　Keep in mind that working for days at a time is not smart， even if you were Elon Musk.The news of his unhealthy work routine has not been well received by investors， and Tesla’s stock fell 8.8% shortly after the NYT interview， amid suspicions of Musk’s poor mental health.
5.What’s the second paragraph mainly about？（　　）
A.The value of working.
B.The purpose of working.
C.The necessity of working long.
D.The importance of working hard.
6.What’s the author’s purpose of giving the example of Elon Musk？（　　）
A.To prove CEOs work harder.
B.To show CEOs are very busy.
C.To show working long is common.
D.To prove working long is rewarding.
7.What does the author think of working long hours？（　　）
A.It’s valuable.　　 　B.It’s harmful.
C.It’s necessary. D.It’s understandable.
8.How did the investors probably feel when they watched Elon Musk’s interview？（　　）
A.Very satisfied. B.Very confused.
C.A little surprised. D.A little disappointed.
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
　　（2024·济宁高一下月考）Loneliness is commonly used to describe a negative emotional state.9.（　　） It is the pain we have felt following a break-up， perhaps the loss of a loved one， or a move away from home.
　　The unpleasant feelings of loneliness are subjective； researchers have found loneliness is not about the amount of time one spends with other people or alone.10.（　　） A lonely person feels that he or she is not understood by others， and may not think they hold meaningful relationships.
　　For some people， loneliness may be temporary and easily relieved.For others， loneliness cannot be easily resolved and can persist （持续） when one does not have access to people to connect with.
　　11.（　　） This makes it little different from hunger， thirst or physical pain， which signals the need to eat， drink or seek medical attention.
　　In modern societies， however， turning off the alarm signals for loneliness has become more difficult than satisfying hunger， thirst or the need to see the doctor.12.（　　）
　　Loneliness has largely been ignored as a condition of concern in mental health.Researchers have yet to fully understand the extent of how loneliness affects mental health.Most studies of loneliness and mental health have focused only on how loneliness relates to depression.
　　13.（　　） Loneliness refers specifically to negative feelings about the social world， while depression refers to a more general set of negative feelings.In a study that measured loneliness in older adults over a five-year period， loneliness predicted depression， but the reverse was not true.
A.Some people like to be alone.
B.They find it difficult to deal with loneliness.
C.Loneliness can be seen as a signal to connect with others.
D.Almost all of us have experienced loneliness at some point.
E.It is related more to quality of relationships， rather than quantity.
F.Although loneliness and depression are partly related， they are different.
G.For those who are not surrounded by people who care for them， loneliness can persist.
Ⅲ.完形填空
　　（2024·山西五校高一下联考）Trustworthiness means honesty， not cheating others， and meaning what one says.Many stories about honesty have been 　14　 from ancient China.
　　Zengzi， also called Zeng Shen， is 　15　 as one of the most well-known philosophers in China.Early one morning， Zengzi’s wife started out for the 　16　.Her small son， not wishing to be left behind， ran after her， crying.She tried to 　17　 to him that he was too young and the distance too long for him to 　18　 her to the market.She said，“If you wait for me at home， I will slaughter （屠宰） a pig and make a nice 　19　 of pork for you.” The child， hearing this， 　20　 his tears into a smile and went back to the house.
　　When Zengzi’s wife got back home she showed no 　21　 for a long time of slaughtering a pig.And so， Zengzi himself 　22　 to do so， when his wife rushed over to stop him， saying，“You shouldn’t take my word 　23　 — I only said that to quieten the child.”
　　Zengzi said， “It was 　24　 of you to behave like this.You must keep your word； even a little child must not be deceived.Children are like 　25　 sheets of paper and they learn everything from their 　26　 actions.Because you have deceived the boy， in the future he will deceive others.”
　　Hearing her husband’s explanation， Zengzi’s wife 　27　 having deceived the child， and she 　28　 Zengzi in slaughtering the pig， and then cooked a steaming dish of fragrant pork for the child.
14.（　）A.set down　　　　B.passed down
C.taken up D.looked over
15.（　）A.confirmed B.advocated
C.regarded D.imagined
16.（　）A.market B.restaurant
C.hotel D.village
17.（　）A.suggest B.explain
C.propose D.instruct
18.（　）A.protect B.imitate
C.support D.accompany
19.（　）A.dish B.feast
C.part D.offer
20.（　）A.changed B.controlled
C.replaced D.removed
21.（　）A.hope B.chance
C.sign D.scene
22.（　）A.demanded B.prepared
C.attempted D.requested
23.（　）A.carefully B.officially
C.naturally D.seriously
24.（　）A.strange B.wrong
C.typical D.interesting
25.（　）A.precious B.simple
C.familiar D.blank
26.（　）A.parents’ B.teachers’
C.friends’ D.brothers’
27.（　）A.avoided B.prevented
C.regretted D.imagined
28.（　）A.agreed B.joined
C.predicted D.reached
Ⅳ.语法填空
　　（2024·郑州高一下期末）As man has a moral nature， to adhere to moral principles should be everyone’ s first 29.　　　　　　 （consider）.Moral principles are more important than all other things， including position， wealth， even life.Confucius said，“Wealth and high position 30.　　　　　　 （desire） by all men， but I would not have them if they were not won in the right way.Poverty and low position are hated by all men， 31.　　　　　　 I would not leave them if they could not be rid of in the right way.”
　　Confucius gave very clear explanations to the meaning of humanity： It means to love other men， to help others to stand up， and not to impose （强加） on others 32.　　　　　 they do not desire themselves.
　　Confucius himself loved other men.At that time when social classes 33.　　　　　　 （be） distinct， he accepted as students people 34.　　　　　　 all levels of society and taught all of them.In 35.　　　　　　 （teach） his students， Confucius was in fact helping them to stand up （succeed） and understand things （the truth）.
In connection with humanity， Confucius mentioned many other 36.　　　　　　 （virtue）， such as rightness， propriety， wisdom， trustworthiness， loyalty， forbearance， filial piety and brotherly love.He called a man 37.　　　　　　 had virtues a gentleman and a man who was not virtuous a mean man.A virtuous man is always open and sincere， ready to help other men， free from worries and fears， and at peace with 38.　　　　　　 （he） and the world.
Section Ⅱ　Reading and Thinking
基础知识自测
维度一
1.publish　2.decades　3.precious　4.responded　5.virtue
6.complaining　7.hired　8.tended
维度二
1.marriage　2.response　3.Scared　4.sharply　5.tendency
6.energetic　7.more important　8.appointed
维度三
1.you have been appointed as/to be
2.that carried me through the hardships in my life and study
3.nothing is more important than health in life
4.has seen great changes of the village
5.In response to your letter of complaint
维度四
1.was known　2.Affected　3.at　4.marriage　5.Having worked
6.where　7.to hold　8.for　9.dying　10.helping
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。程颢、程颐兄弟俩都是宋代极有学问的人。进士杨时先拜程颢为师，后来又拜程颐为师。一次杨时和同学去请教程颐问题，适逢老师休息，于是他们在门外等候，直至地面积雪一尺多厚。
1.B　推理判断题。根据第二段可知，杨时先放弃了自己的高官厚禄，然后去洛阳拜程颢为师。
2.A　词义猜测题。根据第四段可知，一天，杨时和他的同学游酢为一件事发生了争执。由于他们无法解决分歧，所以才决定去找老师。因此，画线词reconcile与settle意思相近。
3.A　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段可知，当程颐向窗外望去，看到那两个人站在暴风雪中，浑身是雪。程颐急忙站起来，把他们领进房间。根据当时的情景，我们可以判断老师会非常吃惊和感动。
4.D　主旨大意题。综合全文可知，“程门立雪”这一故事，主要揭示了尊师重道这一中华民族的传统美德。最后一段对本文的主旨作了概括。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。如今人们工作时间越来越长，作者认为长时间工作有很大危害。
5.A　段落大意题。根据第二段可知，本段主要阐述了工作的价值。
6.C　推理判断题。第三段先指出全球有4亿多人每周工作49小时以上，接下来第四段又以Elon Musk为例，说明超时工作很常见。
7.B　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段可知，作者认为长时间工作不利于完成更多的任务，这样做会付出很高的代价。
8.D　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，纽约时报采访Elon Musk的消息公布后，Tesla公司的股票下降了8.8%。由此推知，投资者可能感觉有点失望。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。人人都会有孤独的时候，孤独可能会影响我们的心理健康。
9.D　第一段是对孤独的概括性论述，D项说明孤独在我们生活中的普遍性，符合语境。
10.E　上句指出孤独并不在于我们与他人相处或独处时间的长短，而E项是对此意的进一步阐释。
11.C　本段说明孤独就像饥饿、口渴或疼痛一样，都是身体发出的一种信号。下文的signal一词暗示C项符合语境。
12.G　上文指出在现代社会人们所面临的孤独问题变得更难解决，而G项也说明了解决孤独的困难。
13.F　下文介绍了孤独和抑郁之间的区别，因此F项符合语境。
Ⅲ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。曾子是我国春秋末年思想家、儒家学派的代表人物之一。文章主要讲述了他说服妻子信守诺言、为孩子杀猪的故事。
14.B　许多关于诚实的故事从中国古代被流传下来。pass sth down将某物从一代传给下一代。
15.C　曾子，又名曾参，被认为是中国最著名的哲学家之一。regard ...as ...是固定短语，意为“把……看作……”。
16.A　根据下文可知，曾子的妻子要去市场。
17.B　由于孩子哭闹，曾子的妻子努力跟他解释。
18.D　曾子的妻子跟孩子说市场太远，他不能陪她去。
19.A　曾子的妻子给孩子承诺：“如果你在家等我，我会宰一头猪，给你做一盘美味的猪肉。”dish这里指“一碟食物； 一道菜”。
20.A　孩子听了母亲的话，立刻泪水变作欢笑。
21.C　曾子的妻子回到家后，很长一段时间没有任何宰杀猪的迹象。
22.B　看到妻子没有任何反应，曾子准备自己动手去杀猪。
23.D　妻子对曾子说：“你不用把我前面说的话太当真。” take ...seriously表示“认真对待”。
24.B　根据下文可知，曾子在指责妻子的做法不对，应该对孩子言而有信。
25.D　曾子认为，孩子们就像一张张白纸，他们从父母的行为中学到一切。blank空白的。
26.A　根据语境可知，这里是在强调父母的言行对孩子的重要影响。
27.C　听了曾子的话后，妻子对自己前面欺骗孩子的行为感到后悔。
28.B　然后妻子跟曾子一起去杀猪，为孩子做美味佳肴。
Ⅳ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章简要介绍了我国伟大圣人孔子眼里的道德观。
29.consideration　本空前面的everyone’s first暗示这里应用名词。
30.are desired　本句主语为Wealth and high position，表示复数概念，且陈述一个客观事实，应用一般现在时。故填are desired。
31.but　此处孔子的原句为：“富与贵，是人之所欲也；不以其道得之，不处也。贫与贱，是人之所恶也；不以其道得之，不去也。”由于前后两个分句表达转折关系，因此用连词but。
32.what　本空前面有动词impose，因此这里应用连接代词what引导一个宾语从句。这里表示“己所不欲，勿施于人”。
33.were　本句主语为social classes，表示复数概念，另外在陈述过去的情况，故填were。
34.from　这里表示孔子接受来自社会各阶层的学生。from all levels of society来自社会各个阶层。
35.teaching　本空前面有介词In，因此这里应用动词-ing形式作其宾语。
36.virtues　本空后面列举了各种优点和美德，因此用名词的复数形式。
37.who/that　本空前面的man是先行词，因此这里应用关系代词who/that引导定语从句。
38.himself　本句主语为A virtuous man，这里表示一个君子经常会与自己和平相处，也就是获得内心的平静与安宁。
5 / 6Section Ⅱ　Reading and Thinking
MOTHER OF TEN THOUSAND BABIES
　　“Life is precious① . ...[1]To a person nothing is more precious than their life， and if they entrust② me with that life， how could I refuse that trust， saying I’m cold， hungry， or tired？” These words of Dr Lin Qiaozhi give us a look into the heart of this amazing woman， and what carried her through③a life of hard choices.
　　As a five-year-old girl， Lin Qiaozhi was deeply affected by her mother’s death.[2]At age 18， instead of following the traditional path of marriage④ like the majority⑤ of girls， she chose to work and study. “Why should girls learn so much？ Finding a good husband should be their final goal！” her brother complained⑥， thinking of the high tuition⑦ fees⑧.[3]She responded⑨， “I’d rather stay single to study all my life！” Later， she went on to study medicine as she had wished.
　　In 1929， Lin graduated from Peking Union⑩ Medical College （PUMC） with the Wenhai Scholarship ， the highest prize given to graduates.[4]She immediately became the first woman ever to be hired as a resident physician in the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital.Within six months， she was named a chief resident physician， a position that usually took four years to achieve.After working for a few years， she was sent to study in Europe and then， in 1939， in the US.She greatly impressed her American colleagues ， who invited her to stay.Dr Lin， however， rejected the offer.She wanted to serve the women and children at home.
　　[1]句中nothing is more precious than their life 为“否定词＋形容词比较级＋than ...”结构，表示最高级的含义。动词-ing形式saying ...作伴随状语。
　　[2]following the traditional path ...是动词-ing短语作宾语。
　　[3]would rather do ...宁愿做……
　　[4]在the first、 the second、 the last、 the next、 the only等词和形容词最高级后，或在被这些词修饰的名词、代词后，常用动词不定式作后置定语。
　　In 1941， Dr Lin became the first Chinese woman ever to be appointed director of the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital， but just a few months later， the department was closed because of the war.[5]Thinking of all the people still in need of help， Dr Lin opened a private clinic .She charged very low fees to treat patients and often reduced costs for poor patients.At times she was even seen riding a donkey to faraway villages to provide medical care.
　　[6]The new People’s Republic of China saw Dr Lin Qiaozhi playing a key role. In 1954， she was elected to the first National People’s Congress and， over the next several decades ， she held many important positions.Her heart， however， was elsewhere .She was more interested in tending patients， publishing medical research on care for women and children， and training the next generation of doctors.“The OB-GYN department cares for two lives，” she told new staff in her department.“As doctors， we should be responsible for the patients and treat them as our sisters.”
　　Though Lin Qiaozhi never married， she was known as the “mother of ten thousand babies”， having delivered over 50，000 babies in her lifetime.[7]Dr Lin did not retire until the day she died， 22 April 1983.Since she had no children of her own ， she left her savings to a kindergarten and a fund for new doctors.And even as she lay dying， her final thoughts were for others.“I’m ready to go，” she said.“Don’t try to rescue me any more.Don’t waste the medicine any more.”
　　[5]Thinking of all the people still in need of help ...是动词-ing短语作状语。
　　[6]playing a key role是动词-ing短语作宾语补足语。
　　[7]not ...until ...直到……才……
【读文清障】
①precious adj.珍稀的；宝贵的
②entrust vt.委托；交付
③carry sb through sth
帮助某人渡过难关
④marriage n.结婚；婚姻
⑤majority n.大部分；大多数
⑥complain vi.& vt.抱怨；发牢骚
⑦tuition n.（小组）教学；讲课
⑧fee n.专业服务费；报酬
tuition fees学费
⑨respond vt.回答；回复
vi.做出反应；回应
response n.反应；回答；回复
⑩union n.协会；联合会；工会
scholarship n.奖学金
hire vt.聘任；雇用；租用
n.租借；租用
physician n.医师；（尤指）内科医生
resident physician
住院医师
colleague n.同事；同僚
reject vt.拒绝接受；不录用
rejection n.拒绝接受；否决
appoint vt.任命；委派
clinic n.诊所；门诊部
faraway adj.遥远的
elect vt.选举；推选
election n.选举；推选；当选
decade n.十年；十年期
elsewhere adv.在别处；去别处
tend vt.照顾；照料
vi.倾向；趋于
tend to do sth
易于做某事；往往会发生某事
publish vt.发表（作品）；出版
staff n.员工；全体职员
be responsible for ...对……负责
be known as ...作为……而出名
retire vi.& vt.退休；退职；退出
of one’s own 属于某人自己的
saving n.节省物；节省；节约；[pl.] 储蓄金；存款
kindergarten n.学前班；幼儿园
【参考译文】
万婴之母
　　“生命是宝贵的。……对一个人来说，没有什么比他们的生命更加珍贵了。而现在这个人对你说，我把生命交给你，那么你还说什么呢？你冷？你饿？你困？”林巧稚医生这一席话使我们得以窥见这位非凡女性的内心世界，并了解是什么支撑她度过充满艰难抉择的一生。
　　林巧稚五岁时母亲病故，这对她影响极大。十八岁时，她没有像大多数的女孩那样走上婚姻这一传统道路，而是选择工作和学习。“女孩子读那么多书干嘛？找个好丈夫才是她们的归宿！”她的兄弟一想到高昂的学费就这么抱怨。她回答：“我宁愿一辈子不嫁人，也要学医！”后来，如她所愿她继续学医。
　　1929年，林巧稚从北京协和医学院毕业，并获得了该校毕业生的最高荣誉奖——“文海”奖学金。她随即成为北京协和医院妇产科聘任的第一位女住院医师。不到六个月，她就成了住院主任医师，而升任这一职位通常需要四年时间。工作了几年之后，她被派往欧洲学习，之后于1939年又赴美学习。美国同行对她印象极佳，邀请她留下。但是，林医生谢绝了邀请。她希望服务祖国的妇女和儿童。
　　1941年，林医生成为北京协和医院妇产科的首位中国籍女主任，但是仅仅数月之后，妇产科就因为战争而关闭。想到还有那么多人需要帮助，林医生开办了一间私人诊所。她向病人收取的治疗费用极低，而且经常为穷苦病人减免费用。有时人们甚至会看到她骑着毛驴去遥远的村庄给人看病。
　　中华人民共和国成立后，林巧稚医生发挥了更大的作用。1954年，她当选第一届全国人大代表；在随后的几十年间，她担任许多重要职位。然而，她的心却在别处。她更感兴趣的是治病救人、发表妇幼护理医学研究成果、培养下一代的医生。“妇产科救治的是母婴两条生命，”她对科室新入职的医务人员说道，“作为医生，我们必须对患者负责，视她们如姐妹。”
　　虽然林巧稚终身未婚，但是她被称为“万婴之母”，她一生中亲手接生的婴儿有五万多名。林医生坚守在岗位上，直到1983年4月22日她去世的那一天。由于自己没有孩子，她把积蓄捐给了一家幼儿园和一项新医生基金。即使在她弥留之际，她最后惦念的仍是他人。“我要走了，”她说，“不要再抢救了，不要再浪费药品了。”
第一步：析架构理清脉络
1.Skim the text and fill in the blanks.
2.What’s the main idea of the text？（　　）
A.Dr Lin’s road to success.
B.Dr Lin’s contributions to society.
C.How Dr Lin made choices in her life.
D.How Dr Lin delivered babies in the hospital.
第二步：知细节明察秋毫
1.What did Dr Lin Qiaozhi think was the most precious？（　　）
A.Medicine. B.Choice.
C.Marriage. D.Life.
2.What made Lin Qiaozhi’s brother angry with her？（　　）
A.Her mother’s death.
B.Her goal to study medicine.
C.Her decision to be single.
D.Her marriage like most girls.
3.What can we learn from the last paragraph？（　　）
A.Lin married very late.
B.Lin adopted many babies.
C.Lin died while working.
D.Lin founded a kindergarten.
4.Which of the following can best describe Dr Lin？（　　）
A.Smart and careful.
B.Positive and confident.
C.Serious and patient.
D.Hard-working and kind.
第三步：品佳句妙笔生辉
Read the passage carefully and find the sentences describing Lin Qiaozhi’s selfless devotion to her work.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
第四步：抒己见提升思维
1.What kind of person do you think Dr Lin was？
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
2.What was the main principle guiding Dr Lin through the choices in her life？
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
第五步：辨难句拆分解读
1.To a person nothing is more precious than their life， and if they entrust me with that life， how could I refuse that trust， saying I’m cold， hungry， or tired？
句式分析
自主翻译 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
2.Though Lin Qiaozhi never married， she was known as the “mother of ten thousand babies”， having delivered over 50，000 babies in her lifetime.
句式分析
自主翻译 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
核心词汇集释
majority n.大部分；大多数
【教材原句】　At age 18， instead of following the traditional path of marriage like the majority of girls， she chose to work and study.
十八岁时，她没有像大多数的女孩那样走上婚姻这一传统道路，而是选择了工作和学习。
【用法】
（1）the majority of ... 大多数…… be in the majority 占大部分/大多数 （2）major vi. 主修 n. 主修课程 adj. 主要的；重要的 major in 主修……；以……为专业
【佳句】　Nowadays， the majority of students have developed a strong interest in the subject of physics.
如今，大多数学生对物理学科产生了浓厚的兴趣。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①Though the majority 　　　　　　　　（be） against the plan， the manager still asked his staff to carry it out.
【写美】　词汇升级
②A recent survey suggests that many students tend to learn English by listening to English songs.
→A recent survey suggests that 　　　　　　　　　　students tend to learn English by listening to English songs.
complain vi.& vt.抱怨；发牢骚
【教材原句】　“Why should girls learn so much？ Finding a good husband should be their final goal！” her brother complained， thinking of the high tuition fees.“女孩子读那么多书干嘛？找个好丈夫才是她们的归宿！”她的兄弟一想到高昂的学费就这么抱怨。
【用法】
（1）complain to sb　　　　向某人抱怨，发牢骚 complain about sth 抱怨某事 （2）complaint n. 投诉，抱怨，怨言 make a complaint about 抱怨……；投诉……
【佳句】　①The daughter complained to her father about her life and how things were so hard for her.女儿向父亲抱怨她的生活，她觉得凡事都很艰难。
②I’ve made a complaint to the police about the noise.我已就噪音问题向警方投诉。
【点津】　complain 不能直接跟人作宾语，应加介词to。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①I feel it no use 　　　　　　　　（complain）；instead， I should take action immediately.
②It was obvious that all my 　　　　　　（complain） about the service of your restaurants were useless.
【写美】　完成句子
③I’m writing to 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　the poor service of your hotel.
我写信是投诉你们酒店的服务不好。
④We’ve 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　about product quality.
我们收到其中一位顾客对产品质量的投诉。
respond vt.回答；回复vi.做出反应；回应
【教材原句】　She responded，“I’d rather stay single to study all my life！”
她回答：“我宁愿一辈子不嫁人，也要学医！”
【用法】
（1）respond to　　　　对……做出反应或回应 respond that ... 回答说…… （2）response n. 反应；回答；回复 in response （to ...）　作为（对……）的答复 make （a） response to 回答；对……做出回应
【佳句】　When asked about how to improve Chinese， he responded that we should listen to and speak Chinese every day.
当被问到如何提高汉语时，他答复说我们应该每天听汉语、说汉语。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①I would be grateful if you could respond 　　　my message at your earliest convenience.
②The exhibition has received a positive 　　　　　　（respond） from visitors.
【写美】　完成句子
③　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， the play will be put on in the theatre twice a week.
为了响应观众的强烈要求，这出戏将在这个剧院一周上演两次。
reject vt.拒绝接受；不录用
【教材原句】　Dr Lin， however， rejected the offer.但是，林医生谢绝了邀请。
【用法】
（1）reject an offer　　　拒绝接受一项提议 reject a suggestion 拒绝接受一个建议 （2）rejection n. 拒绝接受；否决
【佳句】　Children feel abandoned or rejected if they don’t see their parents regularly.
如果孩子们不能经常见到父母，他们会感到被抛弃或被拒绝。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①His proposal was 　　　　　　by his manager at the meeting.The 　　　　　　made him feel horrible.（reject）
【写美】　完成句子
②I applied for a job as a mechanic in a local garage， but 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
我申请了当地一家汽车修理厂的机械师工作，但被拒绝了。
appoint vt.任命；委派
【教材原句】　In 1941， Dr Lin became the first Chinese woman ever to be appointed director of the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital， but just a few months later， the department was closed because of the war.1941年，林医生成为北京协和医院妇产科的首位中国籍女主任，但是仅仅数月之后，妇产科就因为战争而关闭。
【用法】
（1）appoint sb to do sth　委派某人做某事 appoint sb as/to be＋职务 任命某人担任某职务 （2）appointment n. 约会；任命 make an appointment with sb 与某人约会 （3）appointed adj. 约定的；指定的
【佳句】　Learning that you are appointed as the chairman of the student union， I am writing to send my sincere congratulations to you.（祝贺信）
得知你被任命为学生会主席，我写信向你致以诚挚的祝贺。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①If you want to see the doctor， you’d better make an 　　　　　　　　（appoint） with him in advance.
②I strongly suggest that you should arrive on time or earlier than the 　　　　　　（appoint） time，which is significant to show your politeness.
【写美】　完成句子
③　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， I am terribly sorry for not keeping you company to the bookshop 　　　　　　　　　　　　.
由于已经和医生预约，我非常抱歉不能在约定的时间陪你去书店了。
elect vt.选举；推选
【教材原句】　In 1954， she was elected to the first National People’s Congress and， over the next several decades， she held many important positions.
1954年，她当选第一届全国人大代表；在随后的几十年间，她担任许多重要职位。
【用法】
（1）elect sb to be/as ...　　选举某人为…… （2）election n. 选举；推选；当选
【佳句】　①We elected James to be chairman.
＝James was elected as chairman.
我们选举詹姆斯为主席。
②In America， presidential elections are held every four years.
在美国，总统选举每四年举行一次。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①She became the first woman 　　　　　　（elect） to the Senate.
②If I have the honour to win the 　　　　　（elect）， I’ll try to organise as many activities as possible.
【写美】　完成句子
③The group 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
该团体选出一名成员作为他们的发言人。
tend vt.照顾；照料 vi.倾向；趋于
【教材原句】　She was more interested in tending patients， publishing medical research on care for women and children， and training the next generation of doctors.
她更感兴趣的是治病救人、发表妇幼护理医学研究成果、培养下一代的医生。
【用法】
（1）tend to do/be ...　　 　易于/趋向…… tend （to） sb/sth 照顾某人/物 （2）tendency n. 趋向；倾向 There is a tendency that ... 有一种趋势/倾向 have a tendency to do sth 倾向于做某事；喜欢做某事
【佳句】　Parents tend to believe that they need to provide their children with good living conditions.父母往往认为他们要为孩子们提供良好的生活条件。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①There is a growing 　　　　　　（tend） among middle school students that they will do some voluntary work during their vacations.
【写美】　词汇升级
②It is because my mother has looked after me carefully that I have recovered from the disease so quickly.
→It is because my mother has 　　　　　　me carefully that I have recovered from the disease so quickly.
retire vi.& vt.退休；退职；退出
【教材原句】　Dr Lin did not retire until the day she died， 22 April 1983.
林医生坚守在岗位上，直到1983年4月22日她去世的那一天。
【用法】
（1）retire from ...　　　从……退休 retire as ... 以……身份退休 （2）retirement n. 退休；退职 retired adj. 已退休的；已退职的
【佳句】　①He was forced to retire early from his position because of poor health.
由于身体不好，他被迫提前从该职位退下来。
②He announced his retirement as chief executive of the company.
他宣布辞去公司首席执行官的职务。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①At age 68， he 　　　　　　（retire） from the post office， but he never stopped serving the community.
②A 　　　　　　（retire） engineer， 76-year-old Wilson， has been offering free rides to college students for the past eight years.
【写美】　完成句子
③　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， she has done voluntary work for a charity.从公司退休后，她一直在一家慈善机构做志愿工作。
scared adj.害怕的；对……感到惊慌或恐惧的
【教材原句】　She was so scared during the interview that she completely forgot how she should respond to the questions.她在面试中非常害怕，以至于完全忘记了自己应该如何回答这些问题。
【用法】
（1）scare sb into doing sth 威胁/恐吓某人做某事 scare sb/sth away/off 把某人/物吓跑 （2）be scared
【佳句】　When the other passengers were scared to death， that child was completely calm and brave.当其他乘客都被吓得要死时，那个孩子却十分冷静，毫不畏惧。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①They made very loud noises in order to scare the birds 　　　　　　.
【写美】　一句多译
②我们害怕会被凶猛的熊伤害。
→We 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　by the fierce bear.
→We 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　by the fierce bear.
→We 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　by the fierce bear.
energetic adj.精力充沛的；充满活力的
【教材原句】　One of the advantages of hiring energetic and positive young people is that they tend to show interest in their work and they are eager to learn.雇用精力充沛、积极向上的年轻人的好处之一是，他们往往对自己的工作表现出兴趣，而且渴望学习。
【用法】
（1）feel energetic　　　　感到精力充沛 （2）energy n. 能量；精力 be full of energy 精力旺盛
【佳句】　It can help me keep healthy and energetic as well as provides me with a chance to make friends.
它可以帮助我保持健康和精力充沛，并为我提供一个交朋友的机会。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①I’d like to offer some suggestions on how to keep healthy and 　　　　　　（energy）.
②I’m going to devote all my 　　　　　　（energy） to getting a better job.
【写美】　完成句子
③It’s necessary for you to eat more fruit， which will 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
你有必要多吃点水果，这能给你提供足够的能量。
replace vt.接替；取代；更换；把……放回原处
【教材原句】　The student union will hold a special meeting in January to elect someone to replace the secretary.
学生会将在一月份举行一次特别会议，选举一个人接替这位秘书。
【用法】
replace A with/by B　　　以B代替/替换A replace sth 代替某物/某事
【佳句】　①As far as I’m concerned， traditional classes can’t be replaced by online ones.
就我而言，传统课程不能被网课所代替。
②Tourism has replaced agriculture as the nation’s main industry.
旅游业已取代农业成为这个国家的主要产业。
【联想】　与replace词义相近的其他短语：
①take the place of 　　　②take one’s place
③in place of ④instead of
【练透】　单句语法填空
①As far as I’m concerned， it is not a good idea to miss meals and replace them 　　　　snacks.
②It would be difficult to find a man 　　　　　　　　　　（replace） the present manager.
【写美】　一句多译
③我非常高兴代替我的同事在开幕式上作演讲。
→I am very pleased to 　　　　　　　　　　my colleague to deliver a speech at the opening ceremony.
→I am very pleased to deliver a speech at the opening ceremony 　　　　　　　my colleague.
重点句型解构
句型公式：“否定词＋形容词/副词比较级＋than ...”表示最高级含义
【教材原句】　To a person nothing is more precious than their life， and if they entrust me with that life， how could I refuse that trust， saying I’m cold， hungry， or tired？
对一个人来说，没有什么比他们的生命更加珍贵了。而现在这个人对你说，我把生命交给你，那么你还说什么呢？你冷？你饿？你困？
【用法】
表示最高级含义的常用表达法： （1）否定词＋so/as＋形容词/副词原级＋as （2）can/could＋never/not ...enough/too ...再……也不过分
【品悟】　When learning that I won the first prize in the writing contest， I had never been more excited. （2023·新课标Ⅰ卷）
当得知我在写作比赛中获得第一名时，我从来没有这么兴奋过。
【写美】　完成句子/ 一句多译
①In the face of disasters， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
在灾难面前，没有什么比人的生命更珍贵。
②You 　　　　　　　　　　while driving a car in any case.
在任何情况下，开车越小心越好。
③汤姆是我们班最勤奋的学生。
→Tom is 　　　　　　　　　　　in our class.
→　　　　　　　　　　　　 Tom in our class.
句型公式：the＋序数词＋名词＋to do sth
【教材原句】　She immediately became the first woman ever to be hired as a resident physician in the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital.
她随即成为北京协和医院妇产科聘任的第一位女住院医师。
【用法】
（1）当中心词是序数词或被序数词、形容词最高级等修饰或前有the only， the last， the right等时，常用动词不定式作后置定语。 （2）在time， way， chance， ability， promise等抽象名词后常用动词不定式作后置定语。
【品悟】　Jack was the first person to think of a good idea to help Bernard make money by making popcorn.杰克是第一个想到一个好办法来帮助伯纳德通过做爆米花赚钱的人。
【写美】　完成句子
①Yang Liwei is not only 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　but also one of the greatest astronauts in the world.
杨利伟不仅是第一个进入太空的中国人，还是世界上最伟大的宇航员之一。
②He is 　　　　　　　　　　　　that difficult maths problem.
他是第一个解出那道数学难题的学生。
Section Ⅱ　Reading and Thinking
【文本透析·剖语篇】
第一步
1.（1）student　（2）work　（3）physician　（4）tending
（5）training　（6）married
2.B
第二步
1－4　DBCD
第三步
　（1）To a person nothing is more precious than their life， and if they entrust me with that life， how could I refuse that trust， saying I’m cold， hungry， or tired？
（2）She charged very low fees to treat patients and often reduced costs for poor patients.
（3）At times she was even seen riding a donkey to faraway villages to provide medical care.
（4）Dr Lin did not retire until the day she died， 22 April 1983.
（5）Since she had no children of her own， she left her savings to a kindergarten and a fund for new doctors.
（6）And even as she lay dying， her final thoughts were for others.“I’m ready to go，” she said.“Don’t try to rescue me any more.Don’t waste the medicine any more.”
第四步
1.Dr Lin devoted all her life to the people selflessly.She was a kind-hearted woman， a scientist of the people， a model of the medical profession， a good daughter of the Chinese nation and an outstanding representative of contemporary women.
2.The way I see it， the main principle guiding Dr Lin through the choices in her life is serving others wholeheartedly.Whatever she did， the first thing that she thought of was other people’s interests.
第五步
1.对一个人来说，没有什么比他们的生命更加珍贵了。而现在这个人对你说，我把生命交给你，那么你还说什么呢？你冷？你饿？你困？
2.虽然林巧稚终身未婚，但是她被称为“万婴之母”，她一生中亲手接生的婴儿有五万多名。
【核心知识·巧突破】
核心词汇集释
1.①was/were　②the majority of
2.①complaining　②complaints
③complain about/make a complaint about
④received a complaint from one of our customers
3.①to　②response　③In response to/To respond to the audience’s great demand
4.①rejected； rejection　②I was rejected
5.①appointment　②appointed　③Having made an appointment with the doctor； at the appointed time
6.①to be elected　②election
③elected one of its members to be/as their spokesperson
7.①tendency　②tended （to）
8.①retired　②retired　③After/Since retiring from the company
9.①away/off　②were scared of being hurt； were scared to be hurt； were scared that we would be hurt
10.①energetic　②energies　③provide enough energy for you
11.①with/by　②to replace
③replace/take the place of； in place of/instead of
重点句型解构
1.①nothing is more precious than human lives　②can’t be too careful　③the most hard-working student； Nobody is more hard-working than
2.①the first Chinese to go to space
②the first student to figure out
12 / 12(共124张PPT)
Section Ⅱ　Reading and Thinking
1
篇章助解·释疑难
目 录
2
文本透析·剖语篇
3
核心知识·巧突破
4
课时检测·提能力
篇章助解·释疑难
力推课前预习
1
MOTHER OF TEN THOUSAND BABIES
　　“Life is precious① . ...[1]To a person nothing is more precious
than their life， and if they entrust② me with that life， how could I refuse
that trust， saying I’m cold， hungry， or tired？” These words of Dr
Lin Qiaozhi give us a look into the heart of this amazing woman， and
what carried her through③a life of hard choices.
　　As a five-year-old girl， Lin Qiaozhi was deeply affected by her
mother’s death.[2]At age 18， instead of following the traditional path
of marriage④ like the majority⑤ of girls， she chose to work and study.
“Why should girls learn so much？ Finding a good husband should be
their final goal！” her brother complained⑥， thinking of the high
tuition⑦ fees⑧.[3]She responded⑨， “I’d rather stay single to study
all my life！” Later， she went on to study medicine as she had wished.
　　In 1929， Lin graduated from Peking Union⑩ Medical College
（PUMC） with the Wenhai Scholarship ， the highest prize given to
graduates.[4]She immediately became the first woman ever to be hired
as a resident physician in the OB-GYN department of the PUMC
Hospital.Within six months， she was named a chief resident physician，
a position that usually took four years to achieve.After working for a few
years， she was sent to study in Europe and then， in 1939， in the US.
She greatly impressed her American colleagues ， who invited her to
stay.Dr Lin， however， rejected the offer.She wanted to serve the
women and children at home.
【读文清障】
①precious adj.珍稀的；宝贵的
②entrust vt.委托；交付
③carry sb through sth帮助某人渡过难关
④marriage n.结婚；婚姻
⑤majority n.大部分；大多数
⑥complain vi.& vt.抱怨；发牢骚
⑦tuition n.（小组）教学；讲课
⑧fee n.专业服务费；报酬
tuition fees学费
⑨respond vt.回答；回复
vi.做出反应；回应
response n.反应；回答；回复
⑩union n.协会；联合会；工会
scholarship n.奖学金
hire vt.聘任；雇用；租用
n.租借；租用
physician n.医师；（尤指）内科医生
resident physician 住院医师
colleague n.同事；同僚
reject vt.拒绝接受；不录用
rejection n.拒绝接受；否决
　　[1]句中nothing is more precious than their life 为“否定词＋形容
词比较级＋than ...”结构，表示最高级的含义。动词-ing形式
saying ...作伴随状语。
　　[2]following the traditional path ...是动词-ing短语作宾语。
　　[3]would rather do ...宁愿做……
　　[4]在the first、 the second、 the last、 the next、 the only等词和
形容词最高级后，或在被这些词修饰的名词、代词后，常用动词不
定式作后置定语。
　　In 1941， Dr Lin became the first Chinese woman ever to be
appointed director of the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital，
but just a few months later， the department was closed because of the
war.[5]Thinking of all the people still in need of help， Dr Lin opened a
private clinic .She charged very low fees to treat patients and often
reduced costs for poor patients.At times she was even seen riding a donkey
to faraway villages to provide medical care.
　　[6]The new People’s Republic of China saw Dr Lin Qiaozhi
playing a key role. In 1954， she was elected to the first National
People’s Congress and， over the next several decades ， she held
many important positions.Her heart， however， was elsewhere .She
was more interested in tending patients， publishing medical research
on care for women and children， and training the next generation of
doctors.“The OB-GYN department cares for two lives，” she told new
staff in her department.“As doctors， we should be responsible for
the patients and treat them as our sisters.”
　　Though Lin Qiaozhi never married， she was known as the
“mother of ten thousand babies”， having delivered over 50，000
babies in her lifetime.[7]Dr Lin did not retire until the day she died，
22 April 1983.Since she had no children of her own ， she left her
savings to a kindergarten and a fund for new doctors.And even as she
lay dying， her final thoughts were for others.“I’m ready to go，”
she said.“Don’t try to rescue me any more.Don’t waste the medicine
any more.”
　　[5]Thinking of all the people still in need of help ...是动词-ing短
语作状语。
　　[6]playing a key role是动词-ing短语作宾语补足语。
　　[7]not ...until ...直到……才……
appoint vt.任命；委派
clinic n.诊所；门诊部
faraway adj.遥远的
elect vt.选举；推选
election n.选举；推选；当选
decade n.十年；十年期
elsewhere adv.在别处；去别处
tend vt.照顾；照料
vi.倾向；趋于
tend to do sth
易于做某事；往往会发生某事
publish vt.发表（作品）；出版
staff n.员工；全体职员
be responsible for ...对……负责
be known as ...作为……而出名
retire vi.& vt.退休；退职；退出
of one’s own 属于某人自己的
saving n.节省物；节省；节约；
[pl.] 储蓄金；存款
kindergarten n.学前班；幼儿园
【参考译文】
万婴之母
　　“生命是宝贵的。……对一个人来说，没有什么比他们的生
命更加珍贵了。而现在这个人对你说，我把生命交给你，那么你
还说什么呢？你冷？你饿？你困？”林巧稚医生这一席话使我们
得以窥见这位非凡女性的内心世界，并了解是什么支撑她度过充
满艰难抉择的一生。
　　林巧稚五岁时母亲病故，这对她影响极大。十八岁时，她没有像
大多数的女孩那样走上婚姻这一传统道路，而是选择工作和学习。
“女孩子读那么多书干嘛？找个好丈夫才是她们的归宿！”她的兄弟
一想到高昂的学费就这么抱怨。她回答：“我宁愿一辈子不嫁人，也
要学医！”后来，如她所愿她继续学医。
　　1929年，林巧稚从北京协和医学院毕业，并获得了该校毕业生的
最高荣誉奖——“文海”奖学金。她随即成为北京协和医院妇产科聘
任的第一位女住院医师。不到六个月，她就成了住院主任医师，而升
任这一职位通常需要四年时间。工作了几年之后，她被派往欧洲学
习，之后于1939年又赴美学习。美国同行对她印象极佳，邀请她留
下。但是，林医生谢绝了邀请。她希望服务祖国的妇女和儿童。
　　1941年，林医生成为北京协和医院妇产科的首位中国籍女主任，
但是仅仅数月之后，妇产科就因为战争而关闭。想到还有那么多人需
要帮助，林医生开办了一间私人诊所。她向病人收取的治疗费用极
低，而且经常为穷苦病人减免费用。有时人们甚至会看到她骑着毛驴
去遥远的村庄给人看病。
　　中华人民共和国成立后，林巧稚医生发挥了更大的作用。1954
年，她当选第一届全国人大代表；在随后的几十年间，她担任许多重
要职位。然而，她的心却在别处。她更感兴趣的是治病救人、发表妇
幼护理医学研究成果、培养下一代的医生。“妇产科救治的是母婴两
条生命，”她对科室新入职的医务人员说道，“作为医生，我们必须
对患者负责，视她们如姐妹。”
　　虽然林巧稚终身未婚，但是她被称为“万婴之母”，她一生中亲
手接生的婴儿有五万多名。林医生坚守在岗位上，直到1983年4月22
日她去世的那一天。由于自己没有孩子，她把积蓄捐给了一家幼儿园
和一项新医生基金。即使在她弥留之际，她最后惦念的仍是他人。
“我要走了，”她说，“不要再抢救了，不要再浪费药品了。”
2
文本透析·剖语篇
助力语篇理解
1. Skim the text and fill in the blanks.
第一步：析架构理清脉络
2. What’s the main idea of the text？（　　）
A. Dr Lin’s road to success.
B. Dr Lin’s contributions to society.
C. How Dr Lin made choices in her life.
D. How Dr Lin delivered babies in the hospital.
第二步：知细节明察秋毫
1. What did Dr Lin Qiaozhi think was the most precious？（　　）
A. Medicine. B. Choice.
C. Marriage. D. Life.
2. What made Lin Qiaozhi’s brother angry with her？（　　）
A. Her mother’s death.
B. Her goal to study medicine.
C. Her decision to be single.
D. Her marriage like most girls.
3. What can we learn from the last paragraph？（　　）
A. Lin married very late.
B. Lin adopted many babies.
C. Lin died while working.
D. Lin founded a kindergarten.
4. Which of the following can best describe Dr Lin？（　　）
A. Smart and careful.
B. Positive and confident.
C. Serious and patient.
D. Hard-working and kind.
第三步：品佳句妙笔生辉
Read the passage carefully and find the sentences describing Lin
Qiaozhi’s selfless devotion to her work.





（1）To a person nothing is more precious than their life， and if they
entrust me with that life， how could I refuse that trust， saying I’m
cold， hungry， or tired？
（2）She charged very low fees to treat patients and often reduced costs
for poor patients.








（3）At times she was even seen riding a donkey to faraway villages to
provide medical care.
（4）Dr Lin did not retire until the day she died， 22 April 1983.
（5）Since she had no children of her own， she left her savings to a
kindergarten and a fund for new doctors.
（6）And even as she lay dying， her final thoughts were for
others.“I’m ready to go，” she said.“Don’t try to rescue me any
more.Don’t waste the medicine any more.”
第四步：抒己见提升思维
1. What kind of person do you think Dr Lin was？




Dr Lin devoted all her life to the people selflessly.She was a kind-
hearted woman， a scientist of the people， a model of the medical
profession， a good daughter of the Chinese nation and an outstanding
representative of contemporary women.
2. What was the main principle guiding Dr Lin through the choices in her
life？



The way I see it， the main principle guiding Dr Lin through the
choices in her life is serving others wholeheartedly.Whatever she did，
the first thing that she thought of was other people’s interests.
第五步：辨难句拆分解读
1. To a person nothing is more precious than their life， and if they entrust
me with that life， how could I refuse that trust， saying I’m cold，
hungry， or tired？
句式分析
自主翻译


对一个人来说，没有什么比他们的生命更加珍贵了。
而现在这个人对你说，我把生命交给你，那么你还说什么呢？你
冷？你饿？你困？　
2. Though Lin Qiaozhi never married， she was known as the “mother
of ten thousand babies”， having delivered over 50，000 babies in
her lifetime.
句式分析
自主翻译

虽然林巧稚终身未婚，但是她被称为“万婴之母”，
她一生中亲手接生的婴儿有五万多名。　
核心知识·巧突破
探究课堂重点
3
majority n.大部分；大多数
【教材原句】　At age 18， instead of following the traditional path of
marriage like the majority of girls， she chose to work and study.十八岁
时，她没有像大多数的女孩那样走上婚姻这一传统道路，而是选择了
工作和学习。
【用法】
（1）the majority of ...　大多数……
be in the majority　　占大部分/大多数
（2）major vi.　　主修
n.　　主修课程
adj.　　主要的；重要的
major in　　主修……；以……为专业
【佳句】　Nowadays， the majority of students have developed a
strong interest in the subject of physics.
如今，大多数学生对物理学科产生了浓厚的兴趣。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①Though the majority （be） against the plan， the
manager still asked his staff to carry it out.
was/were　
【写美】　词汇升级
②A recent survey suggests that many students tend to learn English by
listening to English songs.
→A recent survey suggests that students tend to learn
English by listening to English songs.
the majority of　
complain vi.& vt.抱怨；发牢骚
【教材原句】　“Why should girls learn so much？ Finding a good
husband should be their final goal！” her brother complained， thinking
of the high tuition fees.
“女孩子读那么多书干嘛？找个好丈夫才是她们的归宿！”她的兄弟
一想到高昂的学费就这么抱怨。
（1）complain to sb　　　　向某人抱怨，发牢骚
complain about sth　　抱怨某事
（2）complaint n.　　投诉，抱怨，怨言
make a complaint about　　抱怨……；投诉……
【用法】
【佳句】　①The daughter complained to her father about her life and
how things were so hard for her.女儿向父亲抱怨她的生活，她觉得凡事
都很艰难。
②I’ve made a complaint to the police about the noise.
我已就噪音问题向警方投诉。
【点津】　complain 不能直接跟人作宾语，应加介词to。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①I feel it no use （complain）；instead， I should take
action immediately.
②It was obvious that all my （complain） about the
service of your restaurants were useless.
complaining　
complaints　
【写美】　完成句子
③I’m writing to the poor
service of your hotel.
我写信是投诉你们酒店的服务不好。
④We’ve about
product quality.
我们收到其中一位顾客对产品质量的投诉。
complain about/make a complaint about　
received a complaint from one of our customers　
respond vt.回答；回复vi.做出反应；回应
【教材原句】　She responded，“I’d rather stay single to study all
my life！”
她回答：“我宁愿一辈子不嫁人，也要学医！”
【用法】
（1）respond to　　　　　对……做出反应或回应
respond that ...　　回答说……
（2）response n.　　反应；回答；回复
in response （to ...）　　作为（对……）的答复
make （a） response to　　回答；对……做出回应
【佳句】　When asked about how to improve Chinese， he responded
that we should listen to and speak Chinese every day.
当被问到如何提高汉语时，他答复说我们应该每天听汉语、说汉语。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①I would be grateful if you could respond my message at your
earliest convenience.
②The exhibition has received a positive （respond） from
visitors.
to　
response　
【写美】　完成句子
③ ， the
play will be put on in the theatre twice a week.
为了响应观众的强烈要求，这出戏将在这个剧院一周上演两次。
In response to/To respond to the audience’s great demand　
reject vt.拒绝接受；不录用
【教材原句】　Dr Lin， however， rejected the offer.但是，林医生谢
绝了邀请。
【用法】
（1）reject an offer　　　　　拒绝接受一项提议
reject a suggestion　　拒绝接受一个建议
（2）rejection n.　　拒绝接受；否决
【佳句】　Children feel abandoned or rejected if they don’t see their
parents regularly.
如果孩子们不能经常见到父母，他们会感到被抛弃或被拒绝。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①His proposal was by his manager at the
meeting.The made him feel horrible.（reject）
【写美】　完成句子
②I applied for a job as a mechanic in a local garage， but
.
我申请了当地一家汽车修理厂的机械师工作，但被拒绝了。
rejected　
rejection　
I was
rejected　
appoint vt.任命；委派
【教材原句】　In 1941， Dr Lin became the first Chinese woman ever
to be appointed director of the OB-GYN department of the PUMC
Hospital， but just a few months later， the department was closed
because of the war.
1941年，林医生成为北京协和医院妇产科的首位中国籍女主任，但是
仅仅数月之后，妇产科就因为战争而关闭。
（1）appoint sb to do sth　委派某人做某事
appoint sb as/to be＋职务　任命某人担任某职务
（2）appointment n.　　约会；任命
make an appointment with sb　　与某人约会
（3）appointed adj.　　约定的；指定的
【用法】
【佳句】　Learning that you are appointed as the chairman of the
student union， I am writing to send my sincere congratulations to you.
（祝贺信）
得知你被任命为学生会主席，我写信向你致以诚挚的祝贺。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①If you want to see the doctor， you’d better make an
（appoint） with him in advance.
②I strongly suggest that you should arrive on time or earlier than
the （appoint） time，which is significant to show your
politeness.
appointment　
appointed　
【写美】　完成句子
③ ， I am terribly sorry
for not keeping you company to the bookshop .
由于已经和医生预约，我非常抱歉不能在约定的时间陪你去书店了。
Having made an appointment with the doctor　
at the appointed time　
elect vt.选举；推选
【教材原句】　In 1954， she was elected to the first National People’s
Congress and， over the next several decades， she held many important
positions.1954年，她当选第一届全国人大代表；在随后的几十年间，
她担任许多重要职位。
【用法】
（1）elect sb to be/as ...　　选举某人为……
（2）election n.　　选举；推选；当选
【佳句】　①We elected James to be chairman.
＝James was elected as chairman.
我们选举詹姆斯为主席。
②In America， presidential elections are held every four years.在美国，
总统选举每四年举行一次。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①She became the first woman （elect） to the Senate.
②If I have the honour to win the （elect）， I’ll try to
organise as many activities as possible.
to be elected　
election　
【写美】　完成句子
③The group .
该团体选出一名成员作为他们的发言人。
elected one of its members to be/as their spokesperson　
tend vt.照顾；照料 vi.倾向；趋于
【教材原句】　She was more interested in tending patients， publishing
medical research on care for women and children， and training the next
generation of doctors.
她更感兴趣的是治病救人、发表妇幼护理医学研究成果、培养下一代
的医生。
（1）tend to do/be ...　　 　　易于/趋向……
tend （to） sb/sth　　照顾某人/物
（2）tendency n.　　趋向；倾向
There is a tendency that ...　　有一种趋势/倾向
have a tendency to do sth　　倾向于做某事；喜欢做某事
【用法】
【佳句】　Parents tend to believe that they need to provide their children
with good living conditions.
父母往往认为他们要为孩子们提供良好的生活条件。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①There is a growing （tend） among middle school
students that they will do some voluntary work during their vacations.
tendency　
【写美】　词汇升级
②It is because my mother has looked after me carefully that I have
recovered from the disease so quickly.
→It is because my mother has me carefully that I have
recovered from the disease so quickly.
tended （to）　
retire vi.& vt.退休；退职；退出
【教材原句】　Dr Lin did not retire until the day she died， 22 April
1983.
林医生坚守在岗位上，直到1983年4月22日她去世的那一天。
【用法】
（1）retire from ...　　　从……退休
retire as ...　　以……身份退休
（2）retirement n.　　退休；退职
retired adj.　　已退休的；已退职的
【佳句】　①He was forced to retire early from his position because of
poor health.
由于身体不好，他被迫提前从该职位退下来。
②He announced his retirement as chief executive of the company.他宣
布辞去公司首席执行官的职务。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①At age 68， he （retire） from the post office， but he
never stopped serving the community.
②A （retire） engineer， 76-year-old Wilson， has been
offering free rides to college students for the past eight years.
retired　
retired　
【写美】　完成句子
③ ， she has done voluntary
work for a charity.
从公司退休后，她一直在一家慈善机构做志愿工作。
After/Since retiring from the company　
scared adj.害怕的；对……感到惊慌或恐惧的
【教材原句】　She was so scared during the interview that she
completely forgot how she should respond to the questions.她在面试中非
常害怕，以至于完全忘记了自己应该如何回答这些问题。
【用法】
【佳句】　When the other passengers were scared to death， that child
was completely calm and brave.当其他乘客都被吓得要死时，那个孩子
却十分冷静，毫不畏惧。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①They made very loud noises in order to scare the birds .
away/off　
【写美】　一句多译
②我们害怕会被凶猛的熊伤害。
→We by the fierce bear.
→We by the fierce bear.
→We by the fierce bear.
were scared of being hurt　
were scared to be hurt
were scared that we would be hurt　
energetic adj.精力充沛的；充满活力的
【教材原句】　One of the advantages of hiring energetic and positive
young people is that they tend to show interest in their work and they are
eager to learn.
雇用精力充沛、积极向上的年轻人的好处之一是，他们往往对自己的
工作表现出兴趣，而且渴望学习。
【用法】
（1）feel energetic　　　　感到精力充沛
（2）energy n.　　能量；精力
be full of energy　　精力旺盛
【佳句】　It can help me keep healthy and energetic as well as provides
me with a chance to make friends.
它可以帮助我保持健康和精力充沛，并为我提供一个交朋友的机会。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①I’d like to offer some suggestions on how to keep healthy
and （energy）.
②I’m going to devote all my （energy） to getting a better
job.
energetic　
energies　
【写美】　完成句子
③It’s necessary for you to eat more fruit， which will
.
你有必要多吃点水果，这能给你提供足够的能量。
provide enough
energy for you　
replace vt.接替；取代；更换；把……放回原处
【教材原句】　The student union will hold a special meeting in January
to elect someone to replace the secretary.
学生会将在一月份举行一次特别会议，选举一个人接替这位秘书。
【用法】
replace A with/by B　　　以B代替/替换A
replace sth　　代替某物/某事
【佳句】　①As far as I’m concerned， traditional classes can’t be
replaced by online ones.
就我而言，传统课程不能被网课所代替。
②Tourism has replaced agriculture as the nation’s main industry.
旅游业已取代农业成为这个国家的主要产业。
【联想】　与replace词义相近的其他短语：
①take the place of ②take one’s place
③in place of ④instead of
【练透】 单句语法填空
①As far as I’m concerned， it is not a good idea to miss meals and replace them snacks.
②It would be difficult to find a man （replace） the present manager.
with/by　
to replace　
【写美】　一句多译
③我非常高兴代替我的同事在开幕式上作演讲。
→I am very pleased to my colleague to
deliver a speech at the opening ceremony.
→I am very pleased to deliver a speech at the opening ceremony
my colleague.
replace/take the place of　
in
place of/instead of　
重点句型解构
句型公式：“否定词＋形容词/副词比较级＋than ...”表示最高级
含义
【教材原句】　To a person nothing is more precious than their life，
and if they entrust me with that life， how could I refuse that trust，
saying I’m cold， hungry， or tired？
对一个人来说，没有什么比他们的生命更加珍贵了。而现在这个人对
你说，我把生命交给你，那么你还说什么呢？你冷？你饿？你困？
表示最高级含义的常用表达法：
（1）否定词＋so/as＋形容词/副词原级＋as
（2）can/could＋never/not ...enough/too ...再……也不过分
【用法】
【品悟】　When learning that I won the first prize in the writing
contest， I had never been more excited. （2023·新课标Ⅰ卷）
当得知我在写作比赛中获得第一名时，我从来没有这么兴奋过。
【写美】　完成句子/ 一句多译
①In the face of disasters，
.
在灾难面前，没有什么比人的生命更珍贵。
②You while driving a car in any case.
在任何情况下，开车越小心越好。
nothing is more precious than human
lives　
can’t be too careful　
③汤姆是我们班最勤奋的学生。
→Tom is in our class.
→ Tom in our class.
the most hard-working student　
Nobody is more hard-working than　
句型公式：the＋序数词＋名词＋to do sth
【教材原句】　She immediately became the first woman ever to be
hired as a resident physician in the OB-GYN department of the PUMC
Hospital.她随即成为北京协和医院妇产科聘任的第一位女住院医师。
【用法】
（1）当中心词是序数词或被序数词、形容词最高级等修饰或前有the
only， the last， the right等时，常用动词不定式作后置定语。
（2）在time， way， chance， ability， promise等抽象名词后常用动
词不定式作后置定语。
【品悟】　Jack was the first person to think of a good idea to help
Bernard make money by making popcorn.
杰克是第一个想到一个好办法来帮助伯纳德通过做爆米花赚钱的人。
【写美】　完成句子
①Yang Liwei is not only but also one
of the greatest astronauts in the world.
杨利伟不仅是第一个进入太空的中国人，还是世界上最伟大的宇航员
之一。
②He is that difficult maths problem.
他是第一个解出那道数学难题的学生。
the first Chinese to go to space　
the first student to figure out　
课时检测 · 提能力
培育学科素养
4
维度一：品句填词
1. The committee will （发表） their report on the health
service in a few weeks.
2. In the past four （十年）， China has improved the
living standards of the ordinary people.
3. Don’t waste your （宝贵的） time by chatting online
all day long.
publish　
decades　
precious　
4. When asked about the clinic’s future， the physician
（回复） that he remained optimistic.
5. Caring for the elderly is a traditional （美德）， which will
contribute to a harmonious society.
6. I am writing with the aim of c about the terrible service of
the insurance company.
7. In the past decade， Huawei company has h thousands of
technical experts.
8. I’m writing to express my sincere thanks to Ms Wang who t
my mother in the hospital.
responded　
virtue　
omplaining　
ired　
ended　
维度二：单句语法填空
1. Public attitudes towards （marry） have changed over
the past 50 years.
2. People should make significant changes to their daily routines
in （respond） to serious air pollution.
3. （scare） to death， my colleague didn’t know how to
deal with the whole horrible matter.
4. During the last ten years， the number of people taking part in physical
fitness programmes has been increasing （sharp）.
marriage　
response　
Scared　
sharply　
5. There is a growing （tend） for people to work at home
instead of in offices.
6. My grandfather is as （energy） as a young man and
hates sitting around doing nothing all day.
7. When it comes to education， I believe that nothing is
（important） than making our kids competitive in the
21st century.
8. Make sure you have understood all the details and try to get there a few
minutes before the （appoint） time.
tendency　
energetic　
more
important　
appointed　
维度三：固定搭配和句式
1. We are quite pleased to hear that
captain of your school football team.
获悉你已被任命为你们学校足球队的队长我们非常高兴。
2. It was my headteacher’s encouragement and trust
.
正是我的班主任的鼓励和信任帮助我渡过了生活和学习中的难关。
3. After that serious disease， I realise that
.
那次严重的疾病之后，我意识到在生活中没有什么比健康更重要。
you have been appointed as/to be　
that carried me
through the hardships in my life and study　
nothing is more important
than health in life　
4. The ancient temple in the past
two hundred years.
这座古庙见证了过去两百年里这个村庄的巨大变迁。
5. ， I make the following
promises.
作为对您投诉信的回应，我做出如下承诺。
has seen great changes of the village　
In response to your letter of complaint　
维度四：课文语法填空
　　Lin Qiaozhi， who delivered over 50，000 babies in her lifetime，
1. （know） as the “mother of ten thousand babies”，
though she never got married.2. （affect） by her
mother’s death， Lin Qiaozhi decided to study medicine 3. the
age of 18 instead of following the traditional path of
was known　
Affected　
at　
4. （marry） like many other girls.After graduating from Peking
Union Medical College， she was hired as a resident
physician.5. （work） for a few years， she was sent
to Europe and the US，6. she rejected her colleagues’ offer to
stay， but returned home.Though appointed 7. （hold）
many important positions， she was more interested in tending
patients.She held the belief that doctors should be responsible
marriage　
Having worked　
where　
to hold　
8. the patients.Dr Lin never retired.Even as she lay 9.
（die）， she was still thinking of others.This is Lin Qiaozhi， who
devoted all her life to 10. （help） the women and children in
need of her help.
for　
dying　
helping　
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
　　（2024·临汾高一下期末）In Fujian Province during the Northern
Song Dynasty （960－1127） there lived a man called Yang Shi.He
devoted his whole life to study， and to spreading his ideas and
theories.At that time， the brothers Cheng Hao and Cheng Yi， famous
scholars in the capital， Luoyang， were teachers of the Way of Confucius
and Mencius.
　　When Yang Shi heard of them， instead of going to where an official
post had been assigned to him， he made his way to Luoyang and became
Cheng Hao’s student.When Yang Shi finished his studies and left for
home， Cheng Hao said with satisfaction， “My ideas are finally being
spread in the south.” Four years later， Cheng Hao died and Yang Shi
was extremely sad.
　　Later， Yang Shi made his way once more to Luoyang， where he
asked Cheng Yi， Cheng Hao’s younger brother， to be his teacher.He
wanted to make further progress in his studies.At that time Yang Shi was
over forty years old， and a pretty well-known scholar， but he was very
modest and respectful of teachers.
　　One day， Yang Shi and a fellow student， You Zuo， got into a
dispute over a certain matter.Finding that they could not reconcile their
differences， they decided to consult their teacher.
　　It happened to be the deep winter.When they reached Cheng Yi’s
house they found him sitting by a stove meditating （冥想）.Yang Shi
and his classmate did not dare to disturb their teacher， but stood
respectfully outside the door waiting for him to wake up.
　　The snow fell relentlessly， thicker and thicker.After a long time，
Cheng Yi came out of his reverie.He looked out of the window， to see
the two men standing in a blizzard， covered in snow.The teacher hastily
arose and ushered them inside.
　　Later， when Yang Shi had completed his study with Master Cheng
Yi， he returned to the south and spread his teacher’s ideas.The story
“Standing in the Snow at Cheng’s Door” became a fine tale
transmitted from generation to generation advocating respect for teachers
and for study.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。程颢、程颐兄弟俩都是宋代极有学
问的人。进士杨时先拜程颢为师，后来又拜程颐为师。一次杨时和
同学去请教程颐问题，适逢老师休息，于是他们在门外等候，直至
地面积雪一尺多厚。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。程颢、程颐兄弟俩都是宋代极有学
问的人。进士杨时先拜程颢为师，后来又拜程颐为师。一次杨时和
同学去请教程颐问题，适逢老师休息，于是他们在门外等候，直至
地面积雪一尺多厚。
1. What did Yang Shi do before he became Cheng Hao’s student？
（　　）
A. He learned from Cheng Yi.
B. He gave up an official post.
C. He paid a visit to Cheng Yi.
D. He spread Cheng Yi’s ideas.
解析：　推理判断题。根据第二段可知，杨时先放弃了自己的高
官厚禄，然后去洛阳拜程颢为师。
2.What does the underlined word “reconcile” in Paragraph 4 mean？（　　）
A. Settle. B. Notice.
C. Identify. D. Explain.
解析：　词义猜测题。根据第四段可知，一天，杨时和他的同学
游酢为一件事发生了争执。由于他们无法解决分歧，所以才决定去
找老师。因此，画线词reconcile与settle意思相近。
3.How did Cheng Yi probably feel when he saw his two students？（　　）
A. Surprised and moved.
B. Satisfied and delighted.
C. Confused and doubtful.
D. Disappointed and curious.
解析：　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段可知，当程颐向窗外望
去，看到那两个人站在暴风雪中，浑身是雪。程颐急忙站起来，把
他们领进房间。根据当时的情景，我们可以判断老师会非常吃惊和
感动。
4.What message does this story intend to convey？（　　）
A. Always have a thirst for knowledge.
B. Keep learning from different teachers.
C. Acquire as much knowledge as possible.
D. Show respect for teachers and knowledge.
解析：　主旨大意题。综合全文可知，“程门立雪”这一故事，
主要揭示了尊师重道这一中华民族的传统美德。最后一段对本文的
主旨作了概括。
B
　　（2024·兰州高一下质检）What’s really behind the global rise in
working longer and longer hours？We are all workers， whether we work
in an office as managers， in a hot and noisy factory as workers or as
housewives at home.
　　The important message is： Work is for man and not man for work！
Through work， man develops himself， his personality and his sense of
self-worth.It is also through work that man produces goods and services
contributing and participating in the development and society.
　　According to latest International Labor Organization statistics， more
than 400 million employed people worldwide work 49 or more hours per
week.
　　In a recent interview with The New York Times， even Elon Musk，
CEO of Tesla， felt moved to describe his 47th birthday spent locked in
his factory， pulling an all-nighter.“No friends， nothing，” he said.It
might have been just another day in another 120-hour work week.“This
has really come at the expense of seeing my kids and seeing friends，” he
added.
　　Hustling over long hours and weekends has become a staple of start-
up culture in Silicon Valley — hence， it has also filtered out to many
parts of the world.
　　The problem is that this “long hours” culture likely defeats the
purpose of getting more things done， or at least puts a very high price on
doing them.There is plenty of evidence that working overtime reduces
your productivity， and makes you feel and actually be less healthy.It also
makes you more likely to develop a whole range of diseases.
　　Keep in mind that working for days at a time is not smart， even if
you were Elon Musk.The news of his unhealthy work routine has not been
well received by investors， and Tesla’s stock fell 8.8% shortly after the
NYT interview， amid suspicions of Musk’s poor mental health.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。如今人们工作时间越来越长，作者
认为长时间工作有很大危害。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。如今人们工作时间越来越长，作者
认为长时间工作有很大危害。
5. What’s the second paragraph mainly about？（　　）
A. The value of working.
B. The purpose of working.
C. The necessity of working long.
D. The importance of working hard.
解析：　段落大意题。根据第二段可知，本段主要阐述了工作的
价值。
A. To prove CEOs work harder.
B. To show CEOs are very busy.
C. To show working long is common.
D. To prove working long is rewarding.
解析：　推理判断题。第三段先指出全球有4亿多人每周工作
49小时以上，接下来第四段又以Elon Musk为例，说明超时工
作很常见。
6.What’s the author’s purpose of giving the example of Elon Musk？（　　）
A. It’s valuable. B. It’s harmful.
C. It’s necessary. D. It’s understandable.
解析：　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段可知，作者认为长时间工
作不利于完成更多的任务，这样做会付出很高的代价。
7.What does the author think of working long hours？（　　）
解析：　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，纽约时报采访Elon
Musk的消息公布后，Tesla公司的股票下降了8.8%。由此推知，投
资者可能感觉有点失望。
8.How did the investors probably feel when they watched Elon Musk’s interview？（　　）
A. Very satisfied. B. Very confused.
C. A little surprised. D. A little disappointed.
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
　　（2024·济宁高一下月考）Loneliness is commonly used to
describe a negative emotional state.9.（　　） It is the pain we have felt
following a break-up， perhaps the loss of a loved one， or a move away
from home.
　　The unpleasant feelings of loneliness are subjective； researchers
have found loneliness is not about the amount of time one spends with
other people or alone.10.（　　） A lonely person feels that he or she is
not understood by others， and may not think they hold meaningful
relationships.
　　For some people， loneliness may be temporary and easily
relieved.For others， loneliness cannot be easily resolved and can persist
（持续） when one does not have access to people to connect with.
　　11. （　　） This makes it little different from hunger， thirst or
physical pain， which signals the need to eat， drink or seek medical
attention.
　　In modern societies， however， turning off the alarm signals for
loneliness has become more difficult than satisfying hunger， thirst or the
need to see the doctor.12.（　　）
　　Loneliness has largely been ignored as a condition of concern in
mental health.Researchers have yet to fully understand the extent of how
loneliness affects mental health.Most studies of loneliness and mental
health have focused only on how loneliness relates to depression.
　　13.（　　） Loneliness refers specifically to negative feelings about
the social world， while depression refers to a more general set of negative
feelings.In a study that measured loneliness in older adults over a five-year
period， loneliness predicted depression， but the reverse was not true.
A. Some people like to be alone.
B. They find it difficult to deal with loneliness.
C. Loneliness can be seen as a signal to connect with others.
D. Almost all of us have experienced loneliness at some point.
E. It is related more to quality of relationships， rather than quantity.
F. Although loneliness and depression are partly related， they are
different.
G. For those who are not surrounded by people who care for them，
loneliness can persist.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。人人都会有孤独的时候，孤独可能
会影响我们的心理健康。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。人人都会有孤独的时候，孤独可能
会影响我们的心理健康。
9. D　第一段是对孤独的概括性论述，D项说明孤独在我们生活中的
普遍性，符合语境。
10. E　上句指出孤独并不在于我们与他人相处或独处时间的长短，
而E项是对此意的进一步阐释。
11. C　本段说明孤独就像饥饿、口渴或疼痛一样，都是身体发出的
一种信号。下文的signal一词暗示C项符合语境。
12. G　上文指出在现代社会人们所面临的孤独问题变得更难解决，
而G项也说明了解决孤独的困难。
13. F　下文介绍了孤独和抑郁之间的区别，因此F项符合语境。
Ⅲ.完形填空
　　（2024·山西五校高一下联考）Trustworthiness means honesty，
not cheating others， and meaning what one says.Many stories about
honesty have been 　14　 from ancient China.
　　Zengzi， also called Zeng Shen， is 　15　 as one of the most well-
known philosophers in China.Early one morning， Zengzi’s wife started
out for the 　16　.Her small son， not wishing to be left behind， ran
after her， crying.She tried to 　17　 to him that he was too young and
the distance too long for him to 　18　 her to the market.She said，“If
you wait for me at home， I will slaughter （屠宰） a pig and make a
nice 　19　 of pork for you.” The child， hearing this， 　20　 his
tears into a smile and went back to the house.
　　When Zengzi’s wife got back home she showed no 　21　 for a
long time of slaughtering a pig.And so， Zengzi himself 　22　 to do
so， when his wife rushed over to stop him， saying，“You shouldn’t
take my word 　23　 — I only said that to quieten the child.”
　　Zengzi said， “It was 　24　 of you to behave like this.You must
keep your word； even a little child must not be deceived.Children are
like 　25　 sheets of paper and they learn everything from their 　26　
actions.Because you have deceived the boy， in the future he will deceive
others.”
　　Hearing her husband’s explanation， Zengzi’s wife 　27　
having deceived the child， and she 　28　 Zengzi in slaughtering the
pig， and then cooked a steaming dish of fragrant pork for the child.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。曾子是我国春秋末年思想家、儒家
学派的代表人物之一。文章主要讲述了他说服妻子信守诺言、为孩
子杀猪的故事。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。曾子是我国春秋末年思想家、儒家
学派的代表人物之一。文章主要讲述了他说服妻子信守诺言、为孩
子杀猪的故事。
14. A. set down B. passed down
C. taken up D. looked over
解析：　许多关于诚实的故事从中国古代被流传下来。pass sth
down将某物从一代传给下一代。
15.A. confirmed　　 B. advocated
C. regarded　　 D. imagined
解析：　曾子，又名曾参，被认为是中国最著名的哲学家之
一。regard ...as ...是固定短语，意为“把……看作……”。
16.A. market　　 B. restaurant
C. hotel　　 D. village
解析：　根据下文可知，曾子的妻子要去市场。
17.A. suggest　　 B. explain
C. propose　　 D. instruct
解析：　由于孩子哭闹，曾子的妻子努力跟他解释。
18.A. protect　　 B. imitate
C. support　　 D. accompany
解析：　曾子的妻子跟孩子说市场太远，他不能陪她去。
19.A. dish　　 B. feast
C. part　　 D. offer
解析：　曾子的妻子给孩子承诺：“如果你在家等我，我会宰
一头猪，给你做一盘美味的猪肉。”dish这里指“一碟食物； 一
道菜”。
20.A. changed　　 B. controlled
C. replaced　　 D. removed
解析：　孩子听了母亲的话，立刻泪水变作欢笑。
21.A. hope　　 B. chance
C. sign　　 D. scene
解析：　曾子的妻子回到家后，很长一段时间没有任何宰杀猪
的迹象。
22.A. demanded　　 B. prepared
C. attempted　　 D. requested
解析：　看到妻子没有任何反应，曾子准备自己动手去杀猪。
23.A. carefully　　 B. officially
C. naturally　　 D. seriously
解析：　妻子对曾子说：“你不用把我前面说的话太当真。”
take ...seriously表示“认真对待”。
24.A. strange　　 B. wrong
C. typical　　 D. interesting
解析：　根据下文可知，曾子在指责妻子的做法不对，应该对
孩子言而有信。
25.A. precious　 B. simple
C. familiar　　 D. blank
解析：　曾子认为，孩子们就像一张张白纸，他们从父母的行
为中学到一切。blank空白的。
26.A. parents’　　 B. teachers’
C. friends’　　 D. brothers’
解析：　根据语境可知，这里是在强调父母的言行对孩子的重
要影响。
27.A. avoided　　 B. prevented
C. regretted　　 D. imagined
解析：　听了曾子的话后，妻子对自己前面欺骗孩子的行为感
到后悔。
28.A. agreed　　 B. joined
C. predicted　　 D. reached
解析：　然后妻子跟曾子一起去杀猪，为孩子做美味佳肴。
Ⅳ.语法填空
　　（2024·郑州高一下期末）As man has a moral nature， to adhere
to moral principles should be everyone’ s first 29. 　　
（consider）.Moral principles are more important than all other things，
including position， wealth， even life.Confucius said，“Wealth and
high position 30. 　　 （desire） by all men， but I would not have them
if they were not won in the right way.Poverty and low position are hated
by all men， 31. 　　 I would not leave them if they could not be rid of in
the right way.”
　　Confucius gave very clear explanations to the meaning of humanity：
It means to love other men， to help others to stand up， and not to
impose （强加） on others 32. 　　 they do not desire themselves.
　　Confucius himself loved other men.At that time when social classes
33. 　　 （be） distinct， he accepted as students people 34. 　　 all
levels of society and taught all of them.In 35. 　　 （teach） his
students， Confucius was in fact helping them to stand up （succeed）
and understand things （the truth）.
　　In connection with humanity， Confucius mentioned many other
36. 　　 （virtue）， such as rightness， propriety， wisdom，
trustworthiness， loyalty， forbearance， filial piety and brotherly
love.He called a man 37. 　　 had virtues a gentleman and a man who
was not virtuous a mean man.A virtuous man is always open and sincere，
ready to help other men， free from worries and fears， and at peace with
38. 　　 （he） and the world.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章简要介绍了我国伟大圣人孔子
眼里的道德观。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章简要介绍了我国伟大圣人孔子
眼里的道德观。
29. consideration　本空前面的everyone’s first暗示这里应用名词。
30. are desired　本句主语为Wealth and high position，表示复数概念，
且陈述一个客观事实，应用一般现在时。故填are desired。
31. but　此处孔子的原句为：“富与贵，是人之所欲也；不以其道得
之，不处也。贫与贱，是人之所恶也；不以其道得之，不去也。”由
于前后两个分句表达转折关系，因此用连词but。
32. what　本空前面有动词impose，因此这里应用连接代词what引导
一个宾语从句。这里表示“己所不欲，勿施于人”。
33. were　本句主语为social classes，表示复数概念，另外在陈述过去
的情况，故填were。
34. from　这里表示孔子接受来自社会各阶层的学生。from all levels
of society来自社会各个阶层。
35. teaching　本空前面有介词In，因此这里应用动词-ing形式作
其宾语。
36. virtues　本空后面列举了各种优点和美德，因此用名词的复数
形式。
37. who/that　本空前面的man是先行词，因此这里应用关系代词
who/that引导定语从句。
38. himself　本句主语为A virtuous man，这里表示一个君子经常会与
自己和平相处，也就是获得内心的平静与安宁。
谢谢观看！

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