资源简介

Section Ⅱ　Reading and Thinking
维度一：品句填词
1.We have 　　　　　　（发起） a series of campaigns so as to strengthen people’s awareness of taking exercise.
2.As we all know， Yang Liwei and Wang Yaping are famous 　　　　　　（宇航员） in China.
3.Chest pains can be a warning 　　　　　　（信号） of heart problems.
4.Roy didn’t do well in the exam， making his parents 　　　　　　　　（失望的）.
5.We made up our minds to carry on with two 　　　　　　　　（独立的） studies.
6.The 　　　　　　（意志坚定的） expression on his face suggested that he wouldn’t give in.
7.My friend Li Ming had the d　　　　　　 to make a robot himself as a child.
8.Our goal is to create a peaceful community with shared future for m　　　　　　.
维度二：单句语法填空
1.The campaign of “building a green campus” 　　　　　　（launch） in our school recently.
2.These disasters made everyone sad and 　　　　　　（disappoint）， but the desire 　　　　　　（explore） the universe never died.
3.As the train was pulling out， the boy waved his hands to his parents 　　　　board， with tears rolling down his cheeks.
4.He imagined all sorts of exciting things about living 　　　　　　　（independent） and teaching in a village.
5.She was the first woman astronaut 　　　　　　（give） a video lecture in space while orbiting in the capsule.
6.　　　　　　　　 （determine） to give his mother a surprise， Tom arrived home ahead of time.
7.Although she had some health problems， she carried on 　　　　　　（work） hard late into the night.
维度三：固定搭配和句式
1.Encouraged by what the teacher said， the boy returned to his seat，　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
受到老师话语的鼓舞，那个男孩回到了座位上，决心更加努力学习。
2.Our teacher demands that we should exercise for an hour every day 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
我们的老师要求我们每天锻炼一个小时，以便保持健康。
3.I have a good command of English and am easy to get along with.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
我精通英语，而且容易相处。那就是我写信申请这份工作的原因。
4.Only in this way can they grow up to 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
只有用这种方式他们才能独立成长、真正成功。
5.As a result， I am writing the letter 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
因此，我写信希望给你一些实用的建议。
6.In the China-Ireland Cultural Festival， I have 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　the two splendid civilizations.
在“中国—爱尔兰文化节”，我不仅开阔了视野，而且还欣赏了两种灿烂的文明。
维度四：课文语法填空
　　Thanks to the ongoing effort of 1.　　　　　　 （determine） scientists， the dream of travelling into space in the hope of 2.　　　　　　 （find） out more about the universe has come true.However， 3.　　　　　　 （explore） space is both dangerous and challenging.One of the most dangerous 4.　　　　　 （part） of space exploration is helping people escape Earth’s gravity.If there is a mistake during the launch or return， it can lead to an accident 5.　　　　　　　 kills everyone 6.　　　　 board.In spite of the huge risks， people will always continue 7.　　　　　　 （explore） this final frontier.Though starting late， China 8.　　　　　　　　 （make） great progress in a short time and become the third country to 9.　　　　　　　　 （independence） send humans into space.Chang’e 4 with Jade Rabbit explored 10.　　　　 surface of the far side of the moon.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
　　（2024·临沂高一下期末）On 22 January 2022， the British-Belgian 19-year-old， Rutherford， successfully landed her microlight aircraft back at the airport， from where she had departed 155 days ago， fulfilling her dream to be the youngest woman to fly around the world solo.
　　“I feel incitant not only to break the Guinness World Record， but also to narrow the gender gap by 11 years between the current youngest man record holder， 18 at the time of his record， and the previous woman record holder， who was 30 when she completed her ‘Dreams Soar’ around-the-world flight.” Rutherford wrote on her blog.Rutherford’s journey crossing five continents and 52 countries began on 18 August 2021.She met many unexpected delays along the way.They included an unscheduled stop in California， due to the fierce wildfires and a stop in Alaska， to renew her visa.She also faced several challenges in the air.Despite the severe difficulties， the determined young pilot never gave up on her dream.
　　Rutherford grew up around airplanes.Her British father flies commercially， while her Belgian mother is also a pilot.The young girl began learning how to fly at age 14 and got her flight license in 2020.With her goal of flying around the world completed， Rutherford now has her sights set even higher.She wants to become an astronaut and explore space.
　　She hopes that her journey will encourage more young women to pursue careers in flight.Currently the number of women pilots is just 5 percent.Rutherford says， “It’s an easy thing to say， but just go for it.If you don’t try and see how high you can fly， then you’ll never know.”
1.What does the underlined word “incitant” in Paragraph 2 probably mean？（　　）
A.Unhappy.　　　　　　　 B.Excited.
C.Surprised. D.Frightened.
2.Why did Rutherford have to stop in California？（　　）
A.The wildfires were too fierce.
B.Her visa was due.
C.The weather was too severe.
D.Her engine broke down.
3.What’s the purpose of Paragraph 3？（　　）
A.To turn to a new topic.
B.To state her admirable talents.
C.To summarize her achievements.
D.To add some background information.
4.What does the passage try to convey？（　　）
A.Dream big and aim high.
B.Life is not all roses.
C.Not to advance is to go back.
D.The greatest talkers， the least doers.
B
　　（2024·浙江四校高一下联考）For most people， getting to the stars is nothing more than a dream.On 28 April 2001， Dennis Tito achieved that lifelong goal — but he wasn’t a typical astronaut.Tito， a wealthy businessman， paid $20 million for a seat on a Russian Soyuz spacecraft to be the first tourist to visit the International Space Station.Only seven people have followed suit in the 20 years since， but that number is about to double in the next 12 months alone.
　　NASA has long been hesitant to play host to space tourists， so Russia has been the only option available for those looking for this kind of extreme adventure.However， it seems the rise of private space companies is going to make it easier for regular people to experience space.
　　Personally， I see the beginning of an era in which more people can experience space.With companies like SpaceX and Blue Origin hoping to build a future for humanity in space， space tourism is a way to demonstrate both the safety and reliability of space travel to the general public.
　　Flights to space like Dennis Tito’s are expensive for a reason.A rocket must burn a lot of costly fuel to travel high and fast enough to enter Earth’s orbit.
　　Another cheaper possibility is a suborbital （亚轨道的） launch， with the rocket going high enough to reach the edge of space and coming right back down.While passengers on a suborbital trip experience weightlessness and incredible views， these launches are more accessible.
　　To our joy， three companies led by billionaire CEOs have emerged as the major players： Virgin Galactic， Blue Origin， and SpaceX.
　　Now， SpaceX has two tourist launches planned.These trips will be costly， at $55 million for the flight.Blue Origin’s and Virgin Galactic’s suborbital trips are far more reasonable in cost， with both priced between $200，000 and $250，000.Though these prices are high， it is worth considering that Dennis Tito’s $20 million ticket in 2001 could pay for 100 flights on Blue Origin soon.The experience of viewing the Earth from space， though， may prove to be priceless for a whole new generation of space explorers.
5.What makes space travel easier for common people？（　　）
A.Russia’s exploration in space.
B.NASA’s accepting space tourists.
C.The first space tour made by Dennis Tito.
D.The appearance of private space companies.
6.What’s the author’s attitude to space tourism？（　　）
A.Positive.　　　　　　 B.Curious.
C.Worried. D.Doubtful.
7.What can we learn about a suborbital launch？（　　）
A.It will increase the cost.
B.It will lower the standards.
C.It will offer a better experience.
D.It will make people travel farther.
8.What does the author think of Blue Origin’s and Virgin Galactic’s suborbital trips？（　　）
A.They are unreasonably expensive.
B.They are relatively cheaper indeed.
C.They are not worth the money.
D.They are affordable to the public.
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
（2024·石家庄高一下质检）Would you like to simplify your work and life？ Is the amount of work you face so frightening that you often fall behind？ Does it seem that work controls you， rather than the other way round？
　　9.（　　） A large number of managers — especially in these difficult times — feel like that.But there is a solution.And that solution will not only improve your performance but also enable you to do so by working less hard.
　　Yes， really.10.（　　）
　　Most companies， and certainly most managers， focus on inputs rather than outputs.They look at process — the 1001 tasks you have to do each week.But they should be looking at results — specifically at what produces the best results.11.（　　）
　　As you will discover， most great results are achieved through relatively little action and energy.But the small inputs that produce big results are generally hidden by a mass of inputs that produce a few good results， and often many bad panies and managers tend to look at averages， not extremes.Yet， surprisingly， these are what really matter.
　　12.（　　） It was first outlined over a hundred years ago by the Italian economist Vilfredo Pareto.The “Pareto Rule” — or， as I call it， the 80/20 Principle/Rule （or simply the Principle） — is the observation that if you divide the world into causes and results， relatively few causes （roughly 20 percent） nearly always lead to most of the results （roughly 80 percent）.13.（　　）
　　Time and again it has been shown that a few products， customers and decisions account for most of a firm’s profits.
A.If so， you’re not alone.
B.The Principle has caused debate all over the world.
C.We know this because of a strange economic principle.
D.The answer is to become a much more effective manager.
E.It helps us to identify those few activities that we should engage in.
F.When you really examine what produces great results， the answer is surprising.
G.Thus， a small number of people are responsible for most human progress （and indeed most human disasters）.
Ⅲ.完形填空
　　（2024·河南六校高一下联考）“Is there a doctor aboard？” No physician wants to hear these words while flying.We were over the North Atlantic， and my husband and I were on our way home from a European holiday.The cabin （座舱） was darkened for the in-flight 　14　 when “Wake up！ Oh， help！” 　15　.
　　I was out of my seat， fast.The flight attendants and I arrived together to see a 　16　 elderly woman holding the hand of her husband， who wasn’t 　17　 to her.His head was back， his mouth open.
　　I did a quick 　18　： irregular but steady 　19　， colour good， no evident pain， breathing regularly without 　20　.I sat on the arm of the seat， still 　21　 his pulse， and asked the woman about her husband.At 90 years old， he had a clean 　22　 history.The couple had travelled to Scotland to celebrate their 60th wedding anniversary， and they were on their way home.It had been a good holiday， but 　23　.
　　Soon after， I reported it to the 　24　.
　　“We can put the plane down 　25　 20 minutes in Gander，” he told me， “or 　26　 for two hours and 　27　 in Toronto.What do you want me to do， doctor？”
　　“Put it down，” I said.It wasn’t worth taking any chances， and the safest thing was to get him hospital care quickly.
　　Three weeks later， I received a lovely thank-you note from this man， who will 　28　 remain in good health for years to come.
14.（　）A.break　　　　　　 B.party
C.dinner D.rest
15.（　）A.took out B.turned out
C.rang out D.put out
16.（　）A.amazed B.frightened
C.calm D.flexible
17.（　）A.responding B.sticking
C.leading D.contributing
18.（　）A.experiment B.trick
C.examination D.research
19.（　）A.step B.pulse
C.voice D.stomach
20.（　）A.effort B.efficiency
C.effect D.order
21.（　）A.bothering B.stopping
C.observing D.checking
22.（　）A.medical B.criminal
C.career D.online
23.（　）A.exciting B.tiring
C.amusing D.inspiring
24.（　）A.participant B.customer
C.pilot D.passenger
25.（　）A.for B.over
C.by D.in
26.（　）A.get on B.look on
C.try on D.carry on
27.（　）A.land B.fly
C.drive D.sail
28.（　）A.unfortunately B.hopefully
C.immediately D.universally
Ⅳ.语法填空
　　（2024·合肥高一下期末）On 20 July 1969， American astronauts Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin 29.　　　　　　 （land） on the moon.Neil and Buzz could only spend two and a half hours on the moon because of the limited supply of oxygen in their tanks.
　　Because Neil was the leader of the task， NASA awarded him the honour of 30.　　　　　　 （step） onto the moon first.
　　31.　　　　　　 （careful） Neil climbed down the ladder.He had given much thought 32.　　　　　　 what he’d say.After all， his words 33.　　　　　　 （hear） all over the world.Neil’s message was， “That’s one small step for [a] man， one giant leap for mankind.”
　　But as Neil set foot on the moon， four hundred and fifty million people 34.　　　　　　 （listen） heard him say， “That’s one small step for man， one giant leap for mankind.” Possibly Neil forgot the word “a” or else the poor sound from the moon 35.　　　　　　 （be） responsible for cutting out that one little word.Whatever the exact words， their meaning was clear.36.　　　　　　 was indeed a landmark event in the history of the world.
Neil controlled a TV camera so viewers on Earth could watch the two men in their space suits walking 37.　　　　 no human beings had ever been before.Wherever they walked they left 38.　　　　 （footprint） in the moon dust.Those footprints are still there today！
Section Ⅱ　Reading and Thinking
基础知识自测
维度一
1.launched　2.astronauts　3.signal　4.disappointed
5.independent　6.determined　7.desire　8.mankind
维度二
1.has been launched　2.disappointed； to explore　3.on
4.independently　5.to give　6.Determined　7.working
维度三
1.determined to study harder
2.so as to/in order to keep healthy
3.That’s why I’m writing to apply for the job
4.be independent and become truly successful
5.in the hope of offering you some practical tips
6.not only broadened my horizons but also appreciated
维度四
1.determined　2.finding　3.exploring　4.parts　5.that/which
6.on　7.to explore　8.has made　9.independently　10.the
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。19岁的比利时裔英国人Rutherford成功实现了她成为独自环球飞行的最年轻女性的梦想。她的故事激励着更多的人树立远大目标，克服困难，努力奋斗去实现自己伟大的梦想。
1.B　词义猜测题。根据语境可知，Rutherford完成了独自环球飞行，打破了吉尼斯世界纪录，实现了自己的梦想。由此可知，Rutherford应该是激动的、兴奋的。
2.A　细节理解题。根据第二段中的They included an unscheduled stop in California， due to the fierce wildfires可知，Rutherford因为野火太猛烈不得不在加利福尼亚停留。
3.D　推理判断题。根据第三段中的Rutherford grew up around airplanes.Her British father flies commercially， while her Belgian mother is also a pilot.The young girl began learning how to fly at age 14 and got her flight license in 2020.等内容可知，本段的目的是增加一些背景信息。
4.A　主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了19岁的比利时裔英国人Rutherford成功实现了她成为独自环球飞行的最年轻女性的梦想。她的故事激励着更多的人树立远大目标，克服困难，努力奋斗去实现自己伟大的梦想。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。随着美国民营航天业的发展，太空之旅离我们越来越近了。
5.D　细节理解题。根据第二段中的the rise of private space companies is going to make it easier for regular people to experience space可知，民营航天业的崛起，将使得人们未来的太空之旅变得越来越容易。
6.A　观点态度题。根据第三段中的space tourism is a way to demonstrate both the safety and reliability of space travel to the general public可知，作者很看好未来太空旅游业，他认为太空旅游将是安全和可靠的。
7.B　推理判断题。第四段指出，太空旅游对速度和高度都要求很高，成本也极其高昂；第五段提出另一种比较便宜可行的方案——亚轨道发射。由此可以判断，它必然是为了降低成本而降低了发射标准。
8.B　细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，虽然Blue Origin和Virgin Galactic这两家公司的票价也很高昂，但是与Dennis Tito 2001年的票价相比较就低得多了。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章简要介绍了商业社会著名的“二八定律”，又叫“80/20定律”。
9.A　上文提出了一些有关工作重负的问题，下文说很多职业经理人都面临这样的问题，A项正好承上启下。
10.D　上文作者指出有解决问题的方案，下文应该具体说明该方案的内容，故D项符合语境。
11.F　上文建议我们应该更多地关注结果，F项是针对“结果”的进一步说明。
12.C　上段列举了人们有关“投入与产出”的吃惊发现，下文在介绍80/20定律，C项正好引出此话题。
13.G　上文解释了80/20定律，G项是对此定律的进一步解释和说明。
Ⅲ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者一次乘坐飞机时对一位突发疾病的老人进行诊治的经历。
14.D　根据上文语境可知，机舱变暗可能是因为人们在休息。
15.C　根据上文中的Wake up！ Oh， help！可知，此处指有人大喊求救。
16.B　根据下文His head was back， his mouth open.可知，老太太当时吓坏了。
17.A　根据语境可知，老太太的丈夫可能失去了意识，所以对她没有作出回应。
18.C　根据下文可知，这时作者应该是给老太太的丈夫做快速检查。
19.B　根据下文中的I sat on the arm ...his pulse可知，作者是在给老太太的丈夫把脉。
20.A　根据上文中的breathing regularly可知，此时老人的呼吸正常，所以应该是呼吸时不费力气。
21.D　根据上文可知，作者现在仍然在给老人检查脉搏。
22.A　这里是说老人之前无疾病史。
23.B　根据上文中的It had been a good holiday， but可知，旅行很愉快，但是也令人疲惫。
24.C　此时是在飞机上，所以有情况应是汇报给飞行员。
25.D　根据下文可知，飞行员告诉作者，要么20分钟后降落，要么2个小时后降落，所以此处应是在20分钟后。
26.D　根据上文可推测，此处指继续飞行2个小时在多伦多降落。
27.A　参见上题解析。
28.B　根据下文中的remain in good health for years to come可知，老人对自己在未来岁月保持健康充满希望。
Ⅳ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章简要介绍了美国宇航员尼尔·阿姆斯特朗登月的故事。
29.landed　本句时间状语为On 20 July 1969，应用一般过去时。故填landed。
30.stepping　本空前面是介词of，因此这里应用动词-ing形式。故填stepping。
31.Carefully　本空所填词修饰谓语动词climbed，应用副词形式。故填Carefully。
32.to　give sth thought/give thought to sth是固定搭配，表示“认真考虑某事”。故填to。
33.would be heard　此处表示从过去看将来，另外他的话“将被听到”，因此用过去将来时的被动语态。故填would be heard。
34.listening　本空所填词作后置定语，修饰前面的名词people；由于表示主动概念，应用动词-ing形式。故填listening。
35.was　本句主语为the poor sound，表示单数概念，根据上下文可知，时态为一般过去时，故填was。
36.It　这里填入It，表示前面提到的尼尔·阿姆斯特朗登月一事。
37.where　这里应用从属连词where引导地点状语从句。
38.footprints　footprint是可数名词，这里表示复数概念。下一句中的Those footprints亦是提示。故填footprints。
5 / 6Section Ⅱ　Reading and Thinking
SPACE： THE FINAL FRONTIER
　　“Are we alone？ What’s out there？” People have always looked up at the stars and wondered about space.Today， scientists design vehicles① to carry astronauts into space to make important discoveries.Space exploration has come a long way②， and we now hope to discover other planets that are suitable③ enough to support life.
　　Before the mid-20th century， most people felt [1]travelling into space was only a dream that could never come true.However， scientists were determined to realise that dream.After many experiments， they succeeded in making rockets④ that could escape Earth’s gravity⑤.On 4 October 1957， the Sputnik 1 satellite⑥ was launched⑦ by the USSR and successfully orbited⑧around Earth.Afterwards， the USSR focused on⑨ sending people into space， and [2] on 12 April 1961， Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world to enter space.Over eight years later， on 20 July 1969， American astronaut Neil Armstrong stepped onto the moon， famously saying， “That’s one small step for [a] man， one giant⑩ leap for mankind .” [3]Following this， there were many more important space achievements.For example， on 5 September 1977， America’s NASA space agency launched Voyager 1 to study deep space， and it still transmits data to this day.And the International Space Station （1998） has provided a continuous human presence in space， with astronauts from many different countries on board.
　　[1]句中travelling into space为动词-ing短语作主语。
　　[2]句中to enter space为动词不定式短语作后置定语，修饰the first person。当名词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时，常用动词不定式作后置定语。
　　[3]句中Following this为动词-ing短语作伴随状语，follow和句中主语在逻辑上是主谓关系。
　　Although scientists try to make sure nothing goes wrong， accidents can still happen.For example， all the astronauts on the Soyuz 11， Challenger， and Columbia spacecraft died during their missions.However， while such disasters brought much sadness and disappointment ， the desire to explore the universe did not die.[4]This is because people believe in the importance of carrying on space exploration despite the huge risks.
　　China’s space programme started later than those of Russia and the US， but it has made great progress in a short time.[5]China became the third country in the world to independently send humans into space in 2003， when Yang Liwei successfully orbited Earth in the Shenzhou 5 spacecraft .Then Shenzhou 6 and 7 completed a second manned orbit and the first Chinese spacewalk ， followed by the vehicle Jade Rabbit being sent to the moon to study its surface.On 23 July 2020， China sent Tianwen 1 to explore the surface of Mars.It arrived in February 2021 and then sent back lots of valuable information.And from 2021 to 2022， China completed a number of rocket missions to establish its own space station.In 2022， the launch of the Mengtian module signalled the basic completion of the Tiangong Space Station.This modern space station will allow astronauts to conduct many important experiments， greatly furthering our understanding of the universe.
　　[4]句中 because引导表语从句，位于系动词之后，用于强调原因。
　　[5]句中when引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词2003。
　　The future of space exploration remains bright.Many countries have plans to further study planets like Mars and Jupiter.Despite the difficulties， scientists hope to make more valuable discoveries that will enable the human race to survive well into the future.
【读文清障】
①vehicle n.交通工具；车辆
②come a long way 有长足进步，有极大发展
③suitable adj.适合的
④rocket n.火箭；火箭弹
⑤gravity n.重力；引力
⑥satellite n.人造卫星；卫星
⑦launch vt.& n.发射；发起；上市
⑧orbit n.（环绕地球、太阳等运行的）轨道；势力范围
vt.& vi.沿轨道运行；环绕……运行
⑨focus on专注于
⑩giant adj.巨大的；伟大的
n.巨人；巨兽；伟人
leap n.跳跃；剧增；剧变
vi.& vt.跳过；跃过
mankind n.人类
agency n.（政府的）专门机构；服务机构；代理处
transmit vt.& vi.传输；发送
data n.[pl.] 资料；数据
disappointment n.失望；沮丧
desire n.渴望；欲望
vt.渴望；期望
desired adj.渴望的，想要的
carry on继续做，坚持干
despite prep.尽管；即使
make great progress取得巨大进步
spacecraft n.航天器；宇宙飞船
spacewalk n.太空行走；太空行走的时间
jade n.玉；翡翠；玉器
send back 发回；传回
mission n.使命；任务
establish v.建立
module n.舱；组件；模块
signal vt.& vi.标志着；标明；发信号n.信号；标志
conduct v.实施；进行
further v.促进；推动；增进
【参考译文】
太空：最后的边境
　　“我们是孤家寡人吗？外面还有什么呢？”人们一直仰望星空，对太空充满好奇。今天，科学家设计出飞行器，将宇航员送往太空，去做重大的发现。今天，人类太空探索已经获得极大的发展，我们现在希望发现能够维持生命存在的其他行星。
　　二十世纪中叶之前，大部分人认为在太空旅行是一个永远无法实现的梦。然而，科学家们决意要实现这个梦想。无数次实验之后，他们终于成功研制出能够摆脱地心引力的火箭。1957年10月4日，“旅伴一号”人造卫星在苏联发射升空，并成功环绕地球运行。之后，苏联专注于载人太空飞行。1961年4月12日，尤里·加加林成为世界上进入太空的第一人。八年后，美国宇航员尼尔·阿姆斯特朗于1969年7月20日踏上月球，说出了那句名言：“对一个人来说，这是一小步；对人类来说，这是一大步。”此后，人类取得了更多的重大太空探索成就。例如，为了研究外太空，美国国家航空航天局于1977年9月5日发射“旅行者一号”，该探测器至今仍在传回数据。 1998年建成的国际空间站使得人类可以持续在太空中开展工作，来自不同国家的宇航员已经在它上面了。
　　虽然科学家们极力确保万无一失，但事故仍时有发生。例如，“联盟11号” “挑战者号”以及“哥伦比亚号”的宇航员们在执行任务时全部遇难。然而，虽然这些悲剧使人倍感伤心与失望，但是，（人类）探索宇宙的愿望未曾磨灭。这是因为人们坚信太空探索的重要性，哪怕面临巨大的风险。
　　中国的太空项目起步晚于俄罗斯和美国，但在短时间内发展迅速。2003年，杨利伟乘坐神舟五号宇宙飞船成功环绕地球飞行，中国成为世界上第三个能够独立将人类送入太空的国家。之后，神舟六号和神舟七号分别完成了第二次载人环绕地球飞行及中国人的第一次太空行走。紧接着，“玉兔号”月球车飞抵月球，开展月球表面研究。2020年7月23日，中国发射“天问一号”探索火星的表面。它于2021年2月到达火星并传回大量有价值的信息。从2021到2022年，中国完成了许多火箭发射项目，来建立自己的太空空间站。2022年，梦天实验舱的成功发射标志着天宫空间站的基本建成。这一现代化的空间站将允许宇航员进行很多重要的实验，极大地促进我们对宇宙的了解。
　　太空探索的未来仍然是光明的。许多国家都已制订计划，将进一步研究和探索火星、木星等行星。尽管困难重重，科学家们希望能做出更多有价值的发现让我们延续生存，直到未来。
第一步：析架构理清脉络
1.Match the main idea with each paragraph.
Para.1 　A.What people achieved in the past years.
Para.2　 B.Why people don’t stop exploring space despite the risks.
Para.3　 C.The future exploration in space.
Para.4　 D.Human beings always want to explore space.
Para.5　 E.The achievements which China has made.
2.What’s the main idea of the text？（　　）
A.Space exploration has always been difficult.
B.America leads the world in space exploration.
C.China has made great achievements in space exploration.
D.Mankind has been exploring space despite the huge risks.
第二步：知细节明察秋毫
1.What do we know about Neil Armstrong？（　　）
A.He was from the USSR.
B.He was the first person to travel into space.
C.He was in charge of launching the satellites.
D.He was the first person to walk on the moon.
2.What is the function of the International Space Station？（　　）
A.Telling us the huge risks of space exploration.
B.Having astronauts from different countries on board.
C.Telling us the importance of carrying on space exploration.
D.Welcoming the brave people to pay a visit to it.
3.Which space programme was aimed at exploring Mars？（　　）
A.Tianwen 1.
B.Shenzhou 5.
C.The Mengtian module.
D.The vehicle Jade Rabbit.
4.How does the author support the theme of the text？（　　）
A.By giving examples.
B.By stating arguments.
C.By explaining statistical data.
D.By providing research results.
第三步：品佳句妙笔生辉
1.Read the passage carefully and find the sentences describing the mood.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
2.Read the passage carefully and find the sentence describing the benefits of the space exploration.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
第四步：抒己见提升思维
1.What do you think of the space exploration？
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
2.If you are determined to be an astronaut， what should you do at present？
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
3.Why is China’s space industry developing so fast？
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
第五步：辨难句拆分解读
1.However， while such disasters brought much sadness and disappointment， the desire to explore the universe did not die.
句式分析
自主翻译 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
2.Then Shenzhou 6 and 7 completed a second manned orbit and the first Chinese spacewalk， followed by the vehicle Jade Rabbit being sent to the moon to study its surface.
句式分析
自主翻译 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
核心词汇集释
determined adj.有决心的；意志坚定的
【教材原句】　However， scientists were determined to realise that dream.
然而，科学家们决意要实现这个梦想。
【用法】
（1）be determined to do sth　　　　决定做某事（表示状态） （2）determine vt. 查明；确定；决定 determine to do sth 决定做某事（表示动作） determine on/upon （doing） sth 决定（做）某事 （3）determination n. 决心；决定
【佳句】　He made up his mind to study abroad， so he was buried in books， determined to improve his English.
他下定决心去国外学习，所以埋头看书，决心提高英语水平。
【练透】　 单句语法填空
①I was familiar with the challenges David faced and was proud of his strong 　　　　　（determine）.
【写美】　一句多译
②随着母亲节的临近，这对双胞胎决定为他们深爱的母亲准备一顿美味的早餐。
→With Mother’s Day 　　　　　　　　　　， the twins 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　a delicious breakfast for their beloved mother.
→With Mother’s Day 　　　　　　　　， the twins 　　　　　　　　　　　　a delicious breakfast for their beloved mother.
launch vt.& n.发射；发起；上市
【教材原句】　On 4 October 1957， the Sputnik 1 satellite was launched by the USSR and successfully orbited around Earth.
1957年10月4日，“旅伴一号”人造卫星在苏联发射升空，并成功环绕地球运行。
【用法】
launch an activity　　　发起一项活动 launch a satellite 发射一颗卫星
【佳句】　①NASA plans to launch a satellite to study cosmic rays.美国国家航空航天局计划发射一颗卫星来研究宇宙射线。
②The company hopes to launch the new drug by next October.
该公司希望在明年10月前推出这种新药。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①The campaign 　　　　　　（launch） by our school aims to help the people in need.
【写美】　完成句子
②The government 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　paying attention to our traditional cultures.
政府发起了一项活动，以提高人们对我们传统文化的关注意识。
on board 在宇宙飞船上；在船上；在飞机上
【教材原句】　And the International Space Station （1998） has provided a continuous human presence in space， with astronauts from many different countries on board.
1998年建成的国际空间站使得人类可以持续在太空中开展工作，来自不同国家的宇航员已经在它上面了。
【用法】
go on board　　上船；上火车；上飞机 above board 光明正大的 go/get aboard （the ship/plane/train） 上（船/飞机/火车） boarding card 登机牌
【佳句】　Have the passengers gone on board yet？
旅客已经上船/飞机了吗？
【写美】　一句多译
六个月前，谢磊告别了她在中国的家人和朋友，登上了飞往伦敦的飞机。
→Six months ago， Xie Lei said goodbye to her family and friends in China and 　　　　　　　　　　　　.
→Six months ago， Xie Lei said goodbye to her family and friends in China and 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
disappointment n.失望；沮丧
【教材原句】　However， while such disasters brought much sadness and disappointment， the desire to explore the universe did not die.
然而，虽然这些悲剧使人倍感伤心与失望，但是，（人类）探索宇宙的愿望未曾磨灭。
【用法】
（1）to one’s disappointment使某人感到失望的是 in disappointment　　　　失望地 （2）disappointed adj. 失望的；沮丧的 be disappointed at/by sth 对某事感到失望 be disappointed in/with sb 对某人失望 be disappointed to do sth 对做某事感到失望 （3）disappoint vt. 使失望 disappointing adj. 令人失望的
【佳句】　①I was disappointed not to be chosen.
我没被挑中， 感到很沮丧。
②To my disappointment， I was disappointed to find I failed the exam and the disappointing result disappointed my parents as well.
令我感到失望的是，我失望地发现我没有通过考试，这个失望的结果也让我的父母失望。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①Only a few people were in support of his plan， which made him very 　　　　　　　　（disappoint）.
②　　　　　　　　 （disappoint） and helpless， Jane knelt down， tears of regret streaming down her cheeks.
【写美】　一句多译
③令我感到非常失望的是，我父亲总是让我上交我挣的所有钱。
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， my father would always make me hand in all the money I earned.
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 was that my father would always make me hand in all the money I earned.（what引导主语从句）
desire n.渴望；欲望 vt.渴望；期望
【用法】
（1）have a desire （2）desire （sb） to do sth　 　想要（某人）做某事 desire that ...（should） do ...　渴望……
【佳句】　This time I would not hide my desire any more.Determined to follow my heart， I explained to my father how I felt.
这一次我再也不会掩饰我的欲望了。我下定决心遵从自己的内心，向父亲解释了自己的感受。
【点津】　 desire后的主语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句的谓语动词用“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。
【练透】　单句语法填空
① Everyone has a desire 　　　　success while success only belongs to the hard-working people.
＝Everyone has a desire 　　　　　　（succeed） while success only belongs to the hard-working people.
②We desire that immediate help 　　　　　（give）to the local people who were in trouble.
【写美】　完成句子
③Since I have difficulty adapting to the new surroundings， I 　　　　　　　　　　　　some suggestions.（求助信）
由于我很难适应新环境，我希望你能给我一些建议。
carry on 继续做，坚持干
【教材原句】　This is because people believe in the importance of carrying on space exploration despite the huge risks.这是因为人们坚信太空探索的重要性，哪怕面临巨大的风险。
【用法】
（1）　　继续做某事 （2）carry out 贯彻；执行；实施
【佳句】　Firstly， I desire that you （should） carry on practicing your oral English to succeed in the next competition.
首先，为了在下次比赛中成功，我希望你继续练习你的英语口语。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①They decided to carry on 　　　　　　（run） in spite of the bad weather.
②Having read stories of Lin Qiaozhi， the girl was determined to carry on 　　　　　　her good work.
【写美】　完成句子
③With the father’s guidance， the twins 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
在爸爸的指导下，双胞胎继续做母亲节早餐。
independently adv.独立地；自立地
【教材原句】　China became the third country in the world to independently send humans into space in 2003， when Yang Liwei successfully orbited Earth in the Shenzhou 5 spacecraft.
2003年，杨利伟乘坐神舟五号宇宙飞船成功环绕地球飞行，中国成为世界上第三个能够独立将人类送入太空的国家。
【用法】
（1） independent adj.　　独立的；自立的 be independent from 独立于……之外 （2）independence n. 独立 gain independence from 脱离……获得独立
【佳句】　We are old enough to be independent of our parents.
我们已经长大了，可以不依赖父母了。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①Instead of helping them from the very beginning， parents should leave their children to think 　　　　　　　　（independent） about how to deal with the problems they encounter.
②To gain 　　　　　　　　（independent） from my parents， I would earn a living on my own.
signal vt.& vi.标志着；标明；发信号 n.信号；标志
【教材原句】　In 2022， the launch of the Mengtian module signalled the basic completion of the Tiangong Space Station.2022年，梦天实验舱的成功发射标志着天宫空间站的基本建成。
【用法】
（1）signal （to） sb to do sth　　示意某人做某事 signal （sb） that 示意（某人）…… signal ...to sb 向某人示意…… （2）traffic signals 交通信号灯
【佳句】　Whether walking， biking or riding a bus to school， you should obey all traffic signals， signs and instructions from traffic officers.无论是步行、骑自行车还是坐公共汽车上学，你都应该遵守所有交通信号灯、标志和交警的指示。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①The instructor signalled to us 　　　　　　（carry） on with our experiment.
②In our class， when the bell rang， it was 　　　　signal for everyone to stand up.
【写美】　完成句子
③The Lantern Festival falls on the fifteenth day of the first lunar month， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
农历正月十五是元宵节，标志着春节庆祝活动的结束。
so as to （do sth） 为了；以便
【教材原句】　Despite the huge risks though， people will always continue to explore this final frontier so as to learn its secrets.尽管存在巨大的风险，但人们将继续探索这最后的边境来了解其奥秘。
【用法】
in order to　　　　　　为了 以便
【佳句】　I choose to listen to audio books so as/in order to protect my eyesight.
＝I choose to listen to audio books so that/in order that I can protect my eyesight.
我选择听有声书是为了保护我的视力。
【写美】　一句多译
为了丰富我们的校园生活，我们学校于上周日组织了一次5公里越野跑比赛。
→Our school organised a 5 km cross-country running race last Sunday 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
→Our school organised a 5 km cross-country running race last Sunday 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
重点句型解构
句型公式：动词不定式短语作后置定语
【教材原句】　Afterwards， the USSR focused on sending people into space， and on 12 April 1961， Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world to enter space.之后，苏联专注于载人太空飞行。1961年4月12日，尤里·加加林成为世界上进入太空的第一人。
【用法】
动词不定式作后置定语有以下三种情况： （1）当中心词是序数词或被序数词修饰时； （2）当中心词被形容词最高级、the next、the only等修饰时； （3）位于抽象名词ability、 chance、 anxiety、 attempt等之后时。
【品悟】　①I would really like to interview Yang Liwei because he is the first Chinese to go to space.
我真的想采访杨利伟，因为他是第一个去太空的中国人。
②Mo Yan is the first Chinese writer to win the Nobel Prize in literature.
莫言是第一位获得诺贝尔文学奖的中国作家。
【写美】　完成下面语段
Firstly， I am the first student in my class 　　　　　　　　　　，so I have the ability 　　　　　　　　　　　　freely in English.Secondly，if I have the chance 　　　　　　　　　　　　　your teaching assistant， I will make every attempt 　　　　　　　　　　.I am greatly convinced that I am the most suitable person 　 　　　　　　　. （申请信）
首先，我是我们班第一个在国外学习的学生，因此我有能力用英语流利地和其他人交流。其次，如果我有机会被接受成为你的助教，我会尽力为同学们服务。我深信我是担任这个职位最合适的人选。
句型公式：while引导让步状语从句
【教材原句】　However， while such disasters brought much sadness and disappointment， the desire to explore the universe did not die.
然而，虽然这些悲剧使人倍感伤心与失望，但是，（人类）探索宇宙的愿望未曾磨灭。
【用法】
句中while是从属连词，意为“虽然；尽管”，可以用although或though替换。
【品悟】　①While there was no conclusive evidence， most people thought he was guilty.
虽然没有确凿的证据，但大多数人认为他有罪。
②While I accept that he’s not perfect in many respects， I do actually quite like the man.
虽然我承认他在很多方面并不完美，但我确实很喜欢他。
【写美】　完成句子
①　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， I don’t agree that they cannot be solved.
尽管我承认有问题存在，但我不同意说这些问题不能解决。
②　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， I do also have some sympathy with Michael’s.
虽然我完全理解你的观点，但我对迈克尔的观点也确实比较赞同。
句型公式：because引导表语从句
【教材原句】　This is because people believe in the importance of carrying on space exploration despite the huge risks.这是因为人们坚信太空探索的重要性，哪怕面临巨大的风险。
【用法】
This/That is because ... 这/那是因为…… This/That is why ... 这/那就是……的原因 The reason why ...is that ... ……的原因是……
【品悟】　①He was late for the meeting.That’s because he was caught in the traffic jam.
他开会迟到了，那是因为他遇到了交通堵塞。
②She quitted her job.That’s because her wage was too low.
她辞去了工作。那是因为她的工资太低了。
【写美】　一句多译
我不去那里的原因是我正在准备即将到来的国庆节表演。
→The reason 　　　　　　　　　　　　　I am preparing performances for the coming National Day.
→I won’t go there， 　　　　　　　　　　I am preparing performances for the coming National Day.
→I am preparing performances for the coming National Day， that’s 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
Section Ⅱ　Reading and Thinking
【文本透析·剖语篇】
第一步
1.Paras.1－5　DABEC
2.D
第二步
1－4　DBAA
第三步
1.（1）However， scientists were determined to realise that dream.
（2）However， while such disasters brought much sadness and disappointment， the desire to explore the universe did not die.
2.Despite the difficulties， scientists hope to make more valuable discoveries that will enable the human race to survive well into the future.
第四步
1.In my opinion， space exploration is not only necessary but also meaningful.We should spare no efforts to explore the universe and make it better serve human beings.
2.To be an astronaut， first of all， I need to study hard to equip myself with advanced knowledge.What’s more， I should take exercise regularly to keep healthy physically and mentally.
3.For one thing， the Chinese government has been attaching great importance to space exploration.For another， the rapid development of China’s economy has laid a strong foundation for the space industry.
第五步
1.然而，虽然这些悲剧使人倍感伤心与失望，但是，（人类）探索宇宙的愿望未曾磨灭。
2.之后，神舟六号和神舟七号分别完成了第二次载人环绕地球飞行及中国人的第一次太空行走。紧接着，“玉兔号”月球车飞抵月球，开展月球表面研究。
【核心知识·巧突破】
核心词汇集释
1.①determination　②drawing near； were determined to prepare； approaching； determined to prepare
2.①launched　②launched an activity to raise people’s awareness of
3.went on board for London； went/got aboard （the plane） for London
4.①disappointed　②Disappointed　③To my great disappointment； What disappointed me most/What made me most disappointed
5.①for； to succeed　②be given　③desire you to offer me
6.①running　②with　③carried on cooking the Mother’s Day breakfast
7.①independently　②independence
8.①to carry　②a　③signalling the end of the Spring Festival celebrations
9.in order to/so as to enrich our campus lives； so that/in order that we could enrich our campus lives
重点句型解构
1.to study abroad； to communicate with others； to be accepted as； to serve my classmates； to take on the position
2.①While I admit that there are problems
②While I fully understand your point of view
3.why I won’t go there is that； that’s because； why I won’t go there
10 / 11(共116张PPT)
Section Ⅱ
Reading and Thinking
1
篇章助解·释疑难
目 录
2
文本透析·剖语篇
3
核心知识·巧突破
4
课时检测·提能力
篇章助解·释疑难
力推课前预习
1
SPACE： THE FINAL FRONTIER
　　“Are we alone？ What’s out there？” People have always looked
up at the stars and wondered about space.Today， scientists design
vehicles① to carry astronauts into space to make important
discoveries.Space exploration has come a long way②， and we now hope
to discover other planets that are suitable③ enough to support life.
　　Before the mid-20th century， most people felt [1]travelling into
space was only a dream that could never come true.However， scientists
were determined to realise that dream.After many experiments， they
succeeded in making rockets④ that could escape Earth’s gravity⑤.On 4
October 1957， the Sputnik 1 satellite⑥ was launched⑦ by the USSR and
successfully orbited⑧around Earth.Afterwards， the USSR focused on⑨
sending people into space， and [2] on 12 April 1961， Yuri Gagarin
became the first person in the world to enter space.Over eight years
later， on 20 July 1969， American astronaut Neil Armstrong stepped
onto the moon， famously saying， “That’s one small step for [a]
man， one giant⑩ leap for mankind .” [3]Following this， there
were many more important space achievements.
For example， on 5 September 1977， America’s NASA space agency
launched Voyager 1 to study deep space， and it still transmits data to
this day.And the International Space Station （1998） has provided a
continuous human presence in space， with astronauts from many
different countries on board.
　　[1]句中travelling into space为动词-ing短语作主语。
　　[2]句中to enter space为动词不定式短语作后置定语，修饰the
first person。当名词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时，常用动词不定
式作后置定语。
　　[3]句中Following this为动词-ing短语作伴随状语，follow和句中
主语在逻辑上是主谓关系。
【读文清障】
①vehicle n.交通工具；车辆
②come a long way 有长足进步，有极大发展
③suitable adj.适合的
④rocket n.火箭；火箭弹
⑤gravity n.重力；引力
⑥satellite n.人造卫星；卫星
⑦launch vt.& n.发射；发起；上市
⑧orbit n.（环绕地球、太阳等运行的）轨道；势力范围
vt.& vi.沿轨道运行；环绕……运行
⑨focus on专注于
⑩giant adj.巨大的；伟大的
n.巨人；巨兽；伟人
leap n.跳跃；剧增；剧变
vi.& vt.跳过；跃过
mankind n.人类
agency n.（政府的）专门机构；服务机构；代理处
transmit vt.& vi.传输；发送
data n.[pl.] 资料；数据
　　Although scientists try to make sure nothing goes wrong， accidents
can still happen.For example， all the astronauts on the Soyuz 11，
Challenger， and Columbia spacecraft died during their
missions.However， while such disasters brought much sadness and
disappointment ， the desire to explore the universe did not
die.[4]This is because people believe in the importance of carrying on
space exploration despite the huge risks.
　　China’s space programme started later than those of Russia and the
US， but it has made great progress in a short time.[5]China became the
third country in the world to independently send humans into space in
2003， when Yang Liwei successfully orbited Earth in the Shenzhou 5
spacecraft .Then Shenzhou 6 and 7 completed a second manned orbit and
the first Chinese spacewalk ， followed by the vehicle Jade Rabbit
being sent to the moon to study its surface.On 23 July 2020， China sent
Tianwen 1 to explore the surface of Mars.It arrived in February 2021 and
then sent back lots of valuable information.And from 2021 to 2022，
China completed a number of rocket missions to establish its own space
station.In 2022， the launch of the Mengtian module signalled the
basic completion of the Tiangong Space Station.This modern space station
will allow astronauts to conduct many important experiments， greatly
furthering our understanding of the universe.
　　[4]句中 because引导表语从句，位于系动词之后，用于强调
原因。
　　[5]句中when引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词2003。
disappointment n.失望；沮丧
desire n.渴望；欲望
vt.渴望；期望
desired adj.渴望的，想要的
carry on继续做，坚持干
despite prep.尽管；即使
make great progress取得巨大进步
spacecraft n.航天器；宇宙飞船
spacewalk n.太空行走；太空行走的时间
jade n.玉；翡翠；玉器
send back 发回；传回
mission n.使命；任务
establish v.建立
module n.舱；组件；模块
signal vt.& vi.标志着；标明；发信号n.信号；标志
conduct v.实施；进行
further v.促进；推动；增进
　　The future of space exploration remains bright.Many countries have
plans to further study planets like Mars and Jupiter.Despite the
difficulties， scientists hope to make more valuable discoveries that will
enable the human race to survive well into the future.
【参考译文】
太空：最后的边境
　　“我们是孤家寡人吗？外面还有什么呢？”人们一直仰望星空，
对太空充满好奇。今天，科学家设计出飞行器，将宇航员送往太空，
去做重大的发现。今天，人类太空探索已经获得极大的发展，我们现
在希望发现能够维持生命存在的其他行星。
　　二十世纪中叶之前，大部分人认为在太空旅行是一个永远无法实现的梦。然而，科学家们决意要实现这个梦想。无数次实验之后，他们终于成功研制出能够摆脱地心引力的火箭。1957年10月4日，“旅伴一号”人造卫星在苏联发射升空，并成功环绕地球运行。之后，苏联专注于载人太空飞行。1961年4月12日，尤里·加加林成为世界上进入太空的第一人。八年后，美国宇航员尼尔·阿姆斯特朗于1969年7月20日踏上月球，说出了那句名言：“对一个人来说，这是一小步；对人类来说，这是一大步。”此后，人类取得了更多的重大太空探索成就。
例如，为了研究外太空，美国国家航空航天局于1977年9月5日发射
“旅行者一号”，该探测器至今仍在传回数据。 1998年建成的国际空
间站使得人类可以持续在太空中开展工作，来自不同国家的宇航员已
经在它上面了。
　　虽然科学家们极力确保万无一失，但事故仍时有发生。例如，
“联盟11号” “挑战者号”以及“哥伦比亚号”的宇航员们在执行任
务时全部遇难。然而，虽然这些悲剧使人倍感伤心与失望，但是，
（人类）探索宇宙的愿望未曾磨灭。这是因为人们坚信太空探索的重
要性，哪怕面临巨大的风险。
　　中国的太空项目起步晚于俄罗斯和美国，但在短时间内发展迅
速。2003年，杨利伟乘坐神舟五号宇宙飞船成功环绕地球飞行，中国
成为世界上第三个能够独立将人类送入太空的国家。之后，神舟六号
和神舟七号分别完成了第二次载人环绕地球飞行及中国人的第一次太
空行走。紧接着，“玉兔号”月球车飞抵月球，开展月球表面研究。
2020年7月23日，中国发射“天问一号”探索火星的表面。它于2021
年2月到达火星并传回大量有价值的信息。从2021到2022年，中国完
成了许多火箭发射项目，来建立自己的太空空间站。2022年，梦天实
验舱的成功发射标志着天宫空间站的基本建成。这一现代化的空间站
将允许宇航员进行很多重要的实验，极大地促进我们对宇宙的了解。
　　太空探索的未来仍然是光明的。许多国家都已制订计划，将进一
步研究和探索火星、木星等行星。尽管困难重重，科学家们希望能做
出更多有价值的发现让我们延续生存，直到未来。
2
文本透析·剖语篇
助力语篇理解
第一步：析架构理清脉络
1. Match the main idea with each paragraph.
Para.1 A. What people achieved in the past years.
Para.2 B. Why people don’t stop exploring space despite the risks.
Para.3 C. The future exploration in space.
Para.4 D. Human beings always want to explore space.
Para.5 E. The achievements which China has made.
答案：Paras.1－5　DABEC
2. What’s the main idea of the text？（　　）
A. Space exploration has always been difficult.
B. America leads the world in space exploration.
C. China has made great achievements in space exploration.
D. Mankind has been exploring space despite the huge risks.
第二步：知细节明察秋毫
1. What do we know about Neil Armstrong？（　　）
A. He was from the USSR.
B. He was the first person to travel into space.
C. He was in charge of launching the satellites.
D. He was the first person to walk on the moon.
2. What is the function of the International Space Station？（　　）
A. Telling us the huge risks of space exploration.
B. Having astronauts from different countries on board.
C. Telling us the importance of carrying on space exploration.
D. Welcoming the brave people to pay a visit to it.
3. Which space programme was aimed at exploring Mars？（　　）
A. Tianwen 1.
B. Shenzhou 5.
C. The Mengtian module.
D. The vehicle Jade Rabbit.
4. How does the author support the theme of the text？（　　）
A. By giving examples.
B. By stating arguments.
C. By explaining statistical data.
D. By providing research results.
第三步：品佳句妙笔生辉
1. Read the passage carefully and find the sentences describing the mood.



（1）However， scientists were determined to realise that dream.
（2）However， while such disasters brought much sadness and
disappointment， the desire to explore the universe did not die.
2. Read the passage carefully and find the sentence describing the benefits
of the space exploration.



Despite the difficulties， scientists hope to make more valuable
discoveries that will enable the human race to survive well into the
future.
第四步：抒己见提升思维
1. What do you think of the space exploration？



In my opinion， space exploration is not only necessary but also
meaningful.We should spare no efforts to explore the universe and
make it better serve human beings.
2. If you are determined to be an astronaut， what should you do at
present？



To be an astronaut， first of all， I need to study hard to equip myself
with advanced knowledge.What’s more， I should take exercise
regularly to keep healthy physically and mentally.
3. Why is China’s space industry developing so fast？




For one thing， the Chinese government has been attaching great
importance to space exploration.For another， the rapid development
of China’s economy has laid a strong foundation for the space
industry.
第五步：辨难句拆分解读
1. However， while such disasters brought much sadness and
disappointment， the desire to explore the universe did not die.
句式分析
自主翻译

然而，虽然这些悲剧使人倍感伤心与失望，但是，
（人类）探索宇宙的愿望未曾磨灭。　
2. Then Shenzhou 6 and 7 completed a second manned orbit and the first
Chinese spacewalk， followed by the vehicle Jade Rabbit being sent to
the moon to study its surface.
句式分析
自主翻译


之后，神舟六号和神舟七号分别完成了第二次载人环
绕地球飞行及中国人的第一次太空行走。紧接着，“玉兔号”月球
车飞抵月球，开展月球表面研究。　
核心知识·巧突破
探究课堂重点
3
核心词汇集释
determined adj.有决心的；意志坚定的
【教材原句】　However， scientists were determined to realise that
dream.
然而，科学家们决意要实现这个梦想。
【用法】
（1）be determined to do sth决定做某事（表示状态）
（2）determine vt.　　查明；确定；决定
determine to do sth　　决定做某事（表示动作）
determine on/upon （doing） sth　　决定（做）某事
（3）determination n.　　决心；决定
【佳句】　He made up his mind to study abroad， so he was buried in
books， determined to improve his English.他下定决心去国外学习，
所以埋头看书，决心提高英语水平。
【练透】　 单句语法填空
①I was familiar with the challenges David faced and was proud of his
strong （determine）.
【写美】　一句多译
②随着母亲节的临近，这对双胞胎决定为他们深爱的母亲准备一顿美
味的早餐。
→With Mother’s Day ， the twins
a delicious breakfast for their beloved mother.
→With Mother’s Day ， the twins
a delicious breakfast for their beloved mother.
determination　
drawing near　
were determined
to prepare　
approaching　
determined to
prepare　
launch vt.& n.发射；发起；上市
【教材原句】　On 4 October 1957， the Sputnik 1 satellite was
launched by the USSR and successfully orbited around
Earth.1957年10月4日，“旅伴一号”人造卫星在苏联发射升空，
并成功环绕地球运行。
【用法】
launch an activity　　　发起一项活动
launch a satellite　　发射一颗卫星
【佳句】　①NASA plans to launch a satellite to study cosmic rays.美国
国家航空航天局计划发射一颗卫星来研究宇宙射线。
②The company hopes to launch the new drug by next October.该公司希
望在明年10月前推出这种新药。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①The campaign （launch） by our school aims to help the
people in need.
【写美】　完成句子
②The government
paying attention to our traditional cultures.
政府发起了一项活动，以提高人们对我们传统文化的关注意识。
launched　
launched an activity to raise people’s awareness
of　
on board 在宇宙飞船上；在船上；在飞机上
【教材原句】　And the International Space Station （1998） has
provided a continuous human presence in space， with astronauts from
many different countries on board.
1998年建成的国际空间站使得人类可以持续在太空中开展工作，来自
不同国家的宇航员已经在它上面了。
【用法】
go on board　　　　　　上船；上火车；上飞机
above board　　光明正大的
go/get aboard （the ship/plane/train）　　上（船/飞机/火车）
boarding card　　登机牌
【佳句】　Have the passengers gone on board yet？
旅客已经上船/飞机了吗？
【写美】　一句多译
六个月前，谢磊告别了她在中国的家人和朋友，登上了飞往伦敦
的飞机。
→Six months ago， Xie Lei said goodbye to her family and friends in
China and .
→Six months ago， Xie Lei said goodbye to her family and friends in
China and .
went on board for London　
went/got aboard （the plane） for London　
disappointment n.失望；沮丧
【教材原句】　However， while such disasters brought much sadness
and disappointment， the desire to explore the universe did not die.然
而，虽然这些悲剧使人倍感伤心与失望，但是，（人类）探索宇宙的
愿望未曾磨灭。
【用法】
（1）to one’s disappointment　　　使某人感到失望的是
in disappointment　　失望地
（2）disappointed adj.　　失望的；沮丧的
be disappointed at/by sth　　对某事感到失望
be disappointed in/with sb　　对某人失望
be disappointed to do sth　　对做某事感到失望
（3）disappoint vt.　　使失望
disappointing adj.　　令人失望的
【佳句】　①I was disappointed not to be chosen.
我没被挑中，感到很沮丧。
②To my disappointment， I was disappointed to find I failed the exam
and the disappointing result disappointed my parents as well.
令我感到失望的是，我失望地发现我没有通过考试，这个失望的结果
也让我的父母失望。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①Only a few people were in support of his plan， which made him
very （disappoint）.
② （disappoint） and helpless， Jane knelt down，
tears of regret streaming down her cheeks.
disappointed　
Disappointed　
【写美】　一句多译
③令我感到非常失望的是，我父亲总是让我上交我挣的所有钱。
→ ， my father would always make me
hand in all the money I earned.
→ was
that my father would always make me hand in all the money I earned.
（what引导主语从句）
To my great disappointment　
What disappointed me most/What made me most disappointed　
desire n.渴望；欲望 vt.渴望；期望
【用法】
【佳句】　This time I would not hide my desire any more.Determined to
follow my heart， I explained to my father how I felt.
这一次我再也不会掩饰我的欲望了。我下定决心遵从自己的内心，向
父亲解释了自己的感受。
【点津】　 desire后的主语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句的谓语动词
用“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①Everyone has a desire success while success only belongs to the
hard-working people.
＝Everyone has a desire （succeed） while success only
belongs to the hard-working people.
②We desire that immediate help （give）to the local people
who were in trouble.
for　
to succeed　
be given　
【写美】　完成句子
③Since I have difficulty adapting to the new surroundings， I
some suggestions.（求助信）
由于我很难适应新环境，我希望你能给我一些建议。
desire
you to offer me　
carry on 继续做，坚持干
【教材原句】　This is because people believe in the importance of
carrying on space exploration despite the huge risks.这是因为人们坚信
太空探索的重要性，哪怕面临巨大的风险。
【用法】
【佳句】　Firstly， I desire that you （should） carry on practicing
your oral English to succeed in the next competition.
首先，为了在下次比赛中成功，我希望你继续练习你的英语口语。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①They decided to carry on （run） in spite of the bad
weather.
②Having read stories of Lin Qiaozhi， the girl was determined to carry
on her good work.
running　
with　
【写美】　完成句子
③With the father’s guidance， the twins
.
在爸爸的指导下，双胞胎继续做母亲节早餐。
carried on cooking the
Mother’s Day breakfast　
independently adv.独立地；自立地
【教材原句】　China became the third country in the world to
independently send humans into space in 2003， when Yang Liwei
successfully orbited Earth in the Shenzhou 5 spacecraft.2003年，杨利伟
乘坐神舟五号宇宙飞船成功环绕地球飞行，中国成为世界上第三个能
够独立将人类送入太空的国家。
（1） independent adj.　　 　独立的；自立的
be independent from　　独立于……之外
（2）independence n.　　独立
gain independence from　　脱离……获得独立
【用法】
【佳句】　We are old enough to be independent of our parents.
我们已经长大了，可以不依赖父母了。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①Instead of helping them from the very beginning， parents should leave
their children to think （independent） about how to
deal with the problems they encounter.
②To gain （independent） from my parents， I would
earn a living on my own.
independently　
independence　
signal vt.& vi.标志着；标明；发信号 n.信号；标志
【教材原句】　In 2022， the launch of the Mengtian module signalled
the basic completion of the Tiangong Space Station.2022年，梦天实验舱
的成功发射标志着天宫空间站的基本建成。
【用法】
（1）signal （to） sb to do sth　　示意某人做某事
signal （sb） that　　示意（某人）……
signal ...to sb　　向某人示意……
（2）traffic signals 　　交通信号灯
【佳句】　Whether walking， biking or riding a bus to school， you
should obey all traffic signals， signs and instructions from traffic
officers.
无论是步行、骑自行车还是坐公共汽车上学，你都应该遵守所有交通
信号灯、标志和交警的指示。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①The instructor signalled to us （carry） on with our
experiment.
②In our class， when the bell rang， it was signal for everyone to
stand up.
to carry　
a　
【写美】　完成句子
③The Lantern Festival falls on the fifteenth day of the first lunar
month， .
农历正月十五是元宵节，标志着春节庆祝活动的结束。
signalling the end of the Spring Festival celebrations　
so as to （do sth） 为了；以便
【教材原句】　Despite the huge risks though， people will always
continue to explore this final frontier so as to learn its secrets.尽管存在巨
大的风险，但人们将继续探索这最后的边境来了解其奥秘。
【用法】
＝I choose to listen to audio books so that/in order that I can protect my
eyesight.
我选择听有声书是为了保护我的视力。
【佳句】　I choose to listen to audio books so as/in order to protect my
eyesight.
【写美】　一句多译
为了丰富我们的校园生活，我们学校于上周日组织了一次5公里越野
跑比赛。
→Our school organised a 5 km cross-country running race last
Sunday .
→Our school organised a 5 km cross-country running race last
Sunday .
in order to/so as to enrich our campus lives　
so that/in order that we could enrich our campus lives　
重点句型解构
句型公式：动词不定式短语作后置定语
【教材原句】　Afterwards， the USSR focused on sending people into
space， and on 12 April 1961， Yuri Gagarin became the first person in
the world to enter space.
之后，苏联专注于载人太空飞行。1961年4月12日，尤里·加加林成为
世界上进入太空的第一人。
【品悟】　①I would really like to interview Yang Liwei because he is
the first Chinese to go to space.
我真的想采访杨利伟，因为他是第一个去太空的中国人。
②Mo Yan is the first Chinese writer to win the Nobel Prize in literature.
莫言是第一位获得诺贝尔文学奖的中国作家。
动词不定式作后置定语有以下三种情况：
（1）当中心词是序数词或被序数词修饰时；
（2）当中心词被形容词最高级、the next、the only等修饰时；
（3）位于抽象名词ability、 chance、 anxiety、 attempt等之后时。
【用法】
【写美】　完成下面语段
Firstly， I am the first student in my class ，
so I have the ability freely in
English.Secondly，if I have the chance
your teaching assistant， I will make every attempt
.I am greatly convinced that I am the most suitable
person . （申请信）
首先，我是我们班第一个在国外学习的学生，因此我有能力用英语流
利地和其他人交流。其次，如果我有机会被接受成为你的助教，我会
尽力为同学们服务。我深信我是担任这个职位最合适的人选。
to study abroad　
to communicate with others　
to be accepted as　
to serve my
classmates
to take on the position　
句型公式：while引导让步状语从句
【教材原句】　However， while such disasters brought much sadness
and disappointment， the desire to explore the universe did not die.然
而，虽然这些悲剧使人倍感伤心与失望，但是，（人类）探索宇宙的
愿望未曾磨灭。
【用法】
句中while是从属连词，意为“虽然；尽管”，可以用although或
though替换。
【品悟】　①While there was no conclusive evidence， most people
thought he was guilty.
虽然没有确凿的证据，但大多数人认为他有罪。
②While I accept that he’s not perfect in many respects， I do
actually quite like the man.虽然我承认他在很多方面并不完美，但我确
实很喜欢他。
【写美】　完成句子
① ， I don’t agree that they
cannot be solved.
尽管我承认有问题存在，但我不同意说这些问题不能解决。
② ， I do also have some
sympathy with Michael’s.
虽然我完全理解你的观点，但我对迈克尔的观点也确实比较赞同。
While I admit that there are problems　
While I fully understand your point of view　
句型公式：because引导表语从句
【教材原句】　This is because people believe in the importance of
carrying on space exploration despite the huge risks.这是因为人们坚信太
空探索的重要性，哪怕面临巨大的风险。
【用法】
This/That is because ... 这/那是因为……
This/That is why ...　　这/那就是……的原因
The reason why ...is that ...
　　……的原因是……
【品悟】　①He was late for the meeting.That’s because he was
caught in the traffic jam.
他开会迟到了，那是因为他遇到了交通堵塞。
②She quitted her job.That’s because her wage was too low.
她辞去了工作。那是因为她的工资太低了。
【写美】　一句多译
我不去那里的原因是我正在准备即将到来的国庆节表演。
→The reason I am preparing
performances for the coming National Day.
→I won’t go there， I am preparing performances
for the coming National Day.
→I am preparing performances for the coming National Day，
that’s .
why I won’t go there is that　
that’s because　
why I won’t go there　
课时检测 · 提能力
培育学科素养
4
维度一：品句填词
1. We have （发起） a series of campaigns so as to
strengthen people’s awareness of taking exercise.
2. As we all know， Yang Liwei and Wang Yaping are
famous （宇航员） in China.
3. Chest pains can be a warning （信号） of heart problems.
launched　
astronauts　
signal　
4. Roy didn’t do well in the exam， making his
parents （失望的）.
5. We made up our minds to carry on with two （独立
的） studies.
6. The （意志坚定的） expression on his face suggested
that he wouldn’t give in.
7. My friend Li Ming had the d to make a robot himself as a child.
8. Our goal is to create a peaceful community with shared future for
m .
disappointed　
independent　
determined　
esire　
ankind　
维度二：单句语法填空
1. The campaign of “building a green campus”
（launch） in our school recently.
2. These disasters made everyone sad and
（disappoint）， but the desire （explore） the
universe never died.
3. As the train was pulling out， the boy waved his hands to his
parents board， with tears rolling down his cheeks.
4. He imagined all sorts of exciting things about living
（independent） and teaching in a village.
has been launched　
disappointed　
to explore　
on　
independently　
5. She was the first woman astronaut （give） a video lecture
in space while orbiting in the capsule.
6. （determine） to give his mother a surprise， Tom
arrived home ahead of time.
7. Although she had some health problems， she carried on
（work） hard late into the night.
to give　
Determined　
working　
维度三：固定搭配和句式
1. Encouraged by what the teacher said， the boy returned to his
seat， .
受到老师话语的鼓舞，那个男孩回到了座位上，决心更加努力
学习。
2. Our teacher demands that we should exercise for an hour every
day .
我们的老师要求我们每天锻炼一个小时，以便保持健康。
determined to study harder　
so as to/in order to keep healthy　
3. I have a good command of English and am easy to get along
with. .
我精通英语，而且容易相处。那就是我写信申请这份工作的原因。
4. Only in this way can they grow up to
.
只有用这种方式他们才能独立成长、真正成功。
5. As a result， I am writing the letter
.
因此，我写信希望给你一些实用的建议。
That’s why I’m writing to apply for the job　
be independent and become
truly successful　
in the hope of offering you some
practical tips　
6. In the China-Ireland Cultural Festival， I have
the two splendid civilizations.
在“中国—爱尔兰文化节”，我不仅开阔了视野，而且还欣赏了两
种灿烂的文明。
not only broadened
my horizons but also appreciated　
维度四：课文语法填空
　　Thanks to the ongoing effort of 1. （determine）
scientists， the dream of travelling into space in the hope of
2. （find） out more about the universe has come
true.However， 3. （explore） space is both dangerous
and challenging.One of the most dangerous 4. （part） of
space exploration is helping people escape Earth’s gravity.If there is a
mistake during the launch or return， it can lead to an accident
5. kills everyone
determined　
finding　
exploring　
parts　
that/which　
6. board.In spite of the huge risks， people will always continue
7. （explore） this final frontier.Though starting late，
China 8. （make） great progress in a short time and
become the third country to 9. （independence） send
humans into space.Chang’e 4 with Jade Rabbit explored 10.
surface of the far side of the moon.
on　
to explore　
has made　
independently　
the　
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
　　（2024·临沂高一下期末）On 22 January 2022， the British-
Belgian 19-year-old， Rutherford， successfully landed her microlight
aircraft back at the airport， from where she had departed 155 days ago，
fulfilling her dream to be the youngest woman to fly around the world solo.
　　“I feel incitant not only to break the Guinness World Record， but
also to narrow the gender gap by 11 years between the current youngest
man record holder， 18 at the time of his record， and the previous
woman record holder， who was 30 when she completed her ‘Dreams
Soar’ around-the-world flight.” Rutherford wrote on her
blog.Rutherford’s journey crossing five continents and 52 countries
began on 18 August 2021.She met many unexpected delays along the
way.They included an unscheduled stop in California， due to the fierce
wildfires and a stop in Alaska， to renew her visa.She also faced several
challenges in the air.Despite the severe difficulties， the determined
young pilot never gave up on her dream.
　　Rutherford grew up around airplanes.Her British father flies
commercially， while her Belgian mother is also a pilot.The young girl
began learning how to fly at age 14 and got her flight license in 2020.With
her goal of flying around the world completed， Rutherford now has her
sights set even higher.She wants to become an astronaut and explore
space.
　　She hopes that her journey will encourage more young women to
pursue careers in flight.Currently the number of women pilots is just 5
percent.Rutherford says， “It’s an easy thing to say， but just go for
it.If you don’t try and see how high you can fly， then you’ll never
know.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。19岁的比利时裔英国人Rutherford成
功实现了她成为独自环球飞行的最年轻女性的梦想。她的故事激励
着更多的人树立远大目标，克服困难，努力奋斗去实现自己伟大的
梦想。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。19岁的比利时裔英国人Rutherford成
功实现了她成为独自环球飞行的最年轻女性的梦想。她的故事激励
着更多的人树立远大目标，克服困难，努力奋斗去实现自己伟大的
梦想。
1. What does the underlined word “incitant” in Paragraph 2 probably
mean？（　　）
A. Unhappy. B. Excited.
C. Surprised. D. Frightened.
解析：　词义猜测题。根据语境可知，Rutherford完成了独自环
球飞行，打破了吉尼斯世界纪录，实现了自己的梦想。由此可知，
Rutherford应该是激动的、兴奋的。
2. Why did Rutherford have to stop in California？（　　）
A. The wildfires were too fierce.
B. Her visa was due.
C. The weather was too severe.
D. Her engine broke down.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第二段中的They included an
unscheduled stop in California， due to the fierce wildfires可知，
Rutherford因为野火太猛烈不得不在加利福尼亚停留。
3. What’s the purpose of Paragraph 3？（　　）
A. To turn to a new topic.
B. To state her admirable talents.
C. To summarize her achievements.
D. To add some background information.
解析：　推理判断题。根据第三段中的Rutherford grew up around
airplanes.Her British father flies commercially， while her Belgian
mother is also a pilot.The young girl began learning how to fly at age
14 and got her flight license in 2020.等内容可知，本段的目的是增加
一些背景信息。
4. What does the passage try to convey？（　　）
A. Dream big and aim high.
B. Life is not all roses.
C. Not to advance is to go back.
D. The greatest talkers， the least doers.
解析：　主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了19岁的比
利时裔英国人Rutherford成功实现了她成为独自环球飞行的最年轻
女性的梦想。她的故事激励着更多的人树立远大目标，克服困难，
努力奋斗去实现自己伟大的梦想。
B
　　（2024·浙江四校高一下联考）For most people， getting to the
stars is nothing more than a dream.On 28 April 2001， Dennis Tito
achieved that lifelong goal — but he wasn’t a typical astronaut.Tito， a
wealthy businessman， paid $20 million for a seat on a Russian Soyuz
spacecraft to be the first tourist to visit the International Space
Station.Only seven people have followed suit in the 20 years since， but
that number is about to double in the next 12 months alone.
　　NASA has long been hesitant to play host to space tourists， so
Russia has been the only option available for those looking for this kind of
extreme adventure.However， it seems the rise of private space
companies is going to make it easier for regular people to experience
space.
　　Personally， I see the beginning of an era in which more people can
experience space.With companies like SpaceX and Blue Origin hoping to
build a future for humanity in space， space tourism is a way to
demonstrate both the safety and reliability of space travel to the general
public.
　　Flights to space like Dennis Tito’s are expensive for a reason.A
rocket must burn a lot of costly fuel to travel high and fast enough to enter
Earth’s orbit.
　　Another cheaper possibility is a suborbital （亚轨道的） launch，
with the rocket going high enough to reach the edge of space and coming
right back down.While passengers on a suborbital trip experience
weightlessness and incredible views， these launches are more accessible.
　　To our joy， three companies led by billionaire CEOs have emerged
as the major players： Virgin Galactic， Blue Origin， and SpaceX.
　　Now， SpaceX has two tourist launches planned.These trips will be
costly， at $55 million for the flight.Blue Origin’s and Virgin
Galactic’s suborbital trips are far more reasonable in cost， with both
priced between $200，000 and $250，000.Though these prices are
high， it is worth considering that Dennis Tito’s $20 million ticket in
2001 could pay for 100 flights on Blue Origin soon.The experience of
viewing the Earth from space， though， may prove to be priceless for a
whole new generation of space explorers.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。随着美国民营航天业的发展，太空
之旅离我们越来越近了。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。随着美国民营航天业的发展，太空
之旅离我们越来越近了。
5. What makes space travel easier for common people？（　　）
A. Russia’s exploration in space.
B. NASA’s accepting space tourists.
C. The first space tour made by Dennis Tito.
D. The appearance of private space companies.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第二段中的the rise of private space
companies is going to make it easier for regular people to experience
space可知，民营航天业的崛起，将使得人们未来的太空之旅变得
越来越容易。
6. What’s the author’s attitude to space tourism？（　　）
A. Positive. B. Curious.
C. Worried. D. Doubtful.
解析：　观点态度题。根据第三段中的space tourism is a way to
demonstrate both the safety and reliability of space travel to the general
public可知，作者很看好未来太空旅游业，他认为太空旅游将是安
全和可靠的。
7. What can we learn about a suborbital launch？（　　）
A. It will increase the cost.
B. It will lower the standards.
C. It will offer a better experience.
D. It will make people travel farther.
解析：　推理判断题。第四段指出，太空旅游对速度和高度都要
求很高，成本也极其高昂；第五段提出另一种比较便宜可行的方
案——亚轨道发射。由此可以判断，它必然是为了降低成本而降低
了发射标准。
8. What does the author think of Blue Origin’s and Virgin Galactic’s
suborbital trips？（　　）
A. They are unreasonably expensive.
B. They are relatively cheaper indeed.
C. They are not worth the money.
D. They are affordable to the public.
解析：　细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，虽然Blue Origin和
Virgin Galactic这两家公司的票价也很高昂，但是与Dennis Tito
2001年的票价相比较就低得多了。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
　　（2024·石家庄高一下质检）Would you like to simplify your work
and life？ Is the amount of work you face so frightening that you often fall
behind？ Does it seem that work controls you， rather than the other way
round？
　　9.（　　） A large number of managers — especially in these
difficult times — feel like that.But there is a solution.And that solution
will not only improve your performance but also enable you to do so by
working less hard.
　　Yes， really.10.（　　）
　　Most companies， and certainly most managers， focus on inputs
rather than outputs.They look at process — the 1001 tasks you have to do
each week.But they should be looking at results — specifically at what
produces the best results.11.（　　）
　　As you will discover， most great results are achieved through
relatively little action and energy.But the small inputs that produce big
results are generally hidden by a mass of inputs that produce a few good
results， and often many bad panies and managers tend to look
at averages， not extremes.Yet， surprisingly， these are what really
matter.
　　12. （　　） It was first outlined over a hundred years ago by the
Italian economist Vilfredo Pareto.The “Pareto Rule” — or， as I call
it， the 80/20 Principle/Rule （or simply the Principle） — is the
observation that if you divide the world into causes and results， relatively
few causes （roughly 20 percent） nearly always lead to most of the
results （roughly 80 percent）.13.（　　）
　　Time and again it has been shown that a few products， customers
and decisions account for most of a firm’s profits.
A. If so， you’re not alone.
B. The Principle has caused debate all over the world.
C. We know this because of a strange economic principle.
D. The answer is to become a much more effective manager.
E. It helps us to identify those few activities that we should engage in.
F. When you really examine what produces great results， the answer is
surprising.
G. Thus， a small number of people are responsible for most human
progress （and indeed most human disasters）.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章简要介绍了商业社会著名的
“二八定律”，又叫“80/20定律”。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章简要介绍了商业社会著名的
“二八定律”，又叫“80/20定律”。
9. A　上文提出了一些有关工作重负的问题，下文说很多职业经理人
都面临这样的问题，A项正好承上启下。
10. D　上文作者指出有解决问题的方案，下文应该具体说明该方案
的内容，故D项符合语境。
11. F　上文建议我们应该更多地关注结果，F项是针对“结果”的进
一步说明。
12. C　上段列举了人们有关“投入与产出”的吃惊发现，下文在介
绍80/20定律，C项正好引出此话题。
13. G　上文解释了80/20定律，G项是对此定律的进一步解释和说
明。
Ⅲ.完形填空
　　（2024·河南六校高一下联考）“Is there a doctor aboard？” No
physician wants to hear these words while flying.We were over the North
Atlantic， and my husband and I were on our way home from a European
holiday.The cabin （座舱） was darkened for the in-flight 　14　 when
“Wake up！ Oh， help！” 　15　.
　　I was out of my seat， fast.The flight attendants and I arrived
together to see a 　16　 elderly woman holding the hand of her husband，
who wasn’t 　17　 to her.His head was back， his mouth open.
　　I did a quick 　18　： irregular but steady 　19　， colour good，
no evident pain， breathing regularly without 　20　.I sat on the arm of
the seat， still 　21　 his pulse， and asked the woman about her
husband.At 90 years old， he had a clean 　22　 history.The couple had
travelled to Scotland to celebrate their 60th wedding anniversary， and
they were on their way home.It had been a good holiday， but 　23　.
　　Soon after， I reported it to the 　24　.
　　“We can put the plane down 　25　 20 minutes in Gander，” he
told me， “or 　26　 for two hours and 　27　 in Toronto.What do you
want me to do， doctor？”
　　“Put it down，” I said.It wasn’t worth taking any chances， and
the safest thing was to get him hospital care quickly.
　　Three weeks later， I received a lovely thank-you note from this
man， who will 　28　 remain in good health for years to come.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者一次乘坐飞机
时对一位突发疾病的老人进行诊治的经历。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者一次乘坐飞机
时对一位突发疾病的老人进行诊治的经历。
14. A. break B. party C. dinner D. rest
解析：根据上文语境可知，机舱变暗可能是因为人们在休息。
15. A. took out B. turned out
C. rang out D. put out
解析：　根据上文中的Wake up！ Oh， help！可知，此处指有
人大喊求救。
16. A. amazed B. frightened
C. calm D. flexible
解析：　根据下文His head was back， his mouth open.可知，老
太太当时吓坏了。
17. A. responding B. sticking
C. leading D. contributing
解析：　根据语境可知，老太太的丈夫可能失去了意识，所以
对她没有作出回应。
18. A. experiment B. trick
C. examination D. research
解析：　根据下文可知，这时作者应该是给老太太的丈夫做快
速检查。
19. A. step B. pulse
C. voice D. stomach
解析：　根据下文中的I sat on the arm ...his pulse可知，作者是
在给老太太的丈夫把脉。
20. A. effort B. efficiency
C. effect D. order
解析：　根据上文中的breathing regularly可知，此时老人的呼吸
正常，所以应该是呼吸时不费力气。
21. A. bothering B. stopping
C. observing D. checking
解析：　根据上文可知，作者现在仍然在给老人检查脉搏。
22. A. medical B. criminal
C. career D. online
解析：　这里是说老人之前无疾病史。
23. A. exciting B. tiring
C. amusing D. inspiring
解析：　根据上文中的It had been a good holiday， but可知，旅
行很愉快，但是也令人疲惫。
24. A. participant B. customer
C. pilot D. passenger
解析：　此时是在飞机上，所以有情况应是汇报给飞行员。
25. A. for B. over C. by D. in
解析：　根据下文可知，飞行员告诉作者，要么20分钟后降
落，要么2个小时后降落，所以此处应是在20分钟后。
26. A. get on B. look on
C. try on D. carry on
解析：　根据上文可推测，此处指继续飞行2个小时在多伦
多降落。
27. A. land B. fly C. drive D. sail
解析：　参见上题解析。
28. A. unfortunately B. hopefully
C. immediately D. universally
解析：　根据下文中的remain in good health for years to come可
知，老人对自己在未来岁月保持健康充满希望。
Ⅳ.语法填空
　　（2024·合肥高一下期末）On 20 July 1969， American astronauts
Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin 29. 　　　　　　 （land） on the
moon.Neil and Buzz could only spend two and a half hours on the moon
because of the limited supply of oxygen in their tanks.
　　Because Neil was the leader of the task， NASA awarded him the
honour of 30. 　　　　　　 （step） onto the moon first.
　　31. 　　　　　　 （careful） Neil climbed down the ladder.He had
given much thought 32. 　　　　　　 what he’d say.After all， his
words 33. 　　　　　　 （hear） all over the world.Neil’s message
was， “That’s one small step for [a] man， one giant leap for
mankind.”
　　But as Neil set foot on the moon， four hundred and fifty million
people 34. 　　　　　　 （listen） heard him say， “That’s one small
step for man， one giant leap for mankind.” Possibly Neil forgot the
word “a” or else the poor sound from the moon 35. 　　　　　　
（be） responsible for cutting out that one little word.Whatever the exact
words， their meaning was clear.36. 　　　　　　 was indeed a
landmark event in the history of the world.
　　Neil controlled a TV camera so viewers on Earth could watch the two
men in their space suits walking 37. 　　　　　　 no human beings had
ever been before.Wherever they walked they left 38. 　　　　　　
（footprint） in the moon dust.Those footprints are still there today！
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章简要介绍了美国宇航员尼尔·阿
姆斯特朗登月的故事。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章简要介绍了美国宇航员尼尔·阿
姆斯特朗登月的故事。
29. landed　本句时间状语为On 20 July 1969，应用一般过去时。故填
landed。
30. stepping　本空前面是介词of，因此这里应用动词-ing形式。故填
stepping。
31. Carefully　本空所填词修饰谓语动词climbed，应用副词形式。故
填Carefully。
32. to　give sth thought/give thought to sth是固定搭配，表示“认真考
虑某事”。故填to。
33. would be heard　此处表示从过去看将来，另外他的话“将被听
到”，因此用过去将来时的被动语态。故填would be heard。
34. listening　本空所填词作后置定语，修饰前面的名词people；由于
表示主动概念，应用动词-ing形式。故填listening。
35. was　本句主语为the poor sound，表示单数概念，根据上下文可
知，时态为一般过去时，故填was。
36. It　这里填入It，表示前面提到的尼尔·阿姆斯特朗登月一事。
37. where　这里应用从属连词where引导地点状语从句。
38. footprints　footprint是可数名词，这里表示复数概念。下一句中的
Those footprints亦是提示。故填footprints。
谢谢观看！

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