资源简介

Section Ⅲ　Discovering Useful Structures
维度一：基础题型练
1.　　　　　　 （win） the competition， the competitors have to practice hard day and night.
2.Many buildings in our school need repairing， but the one 　　　　　　　　（repair） first is the library.
3.The old man sitting in front of the television was happy 　　　　　　（watch） anything that happened to be on.
4.Thanks to your encouragement， I finally got the courage 　　　　　　（face） the challenge.
5.It is recognised that he is the best man 　　　　　（do） the job.
6.After school we went to the reading room to do some reading， only 　　　　　　　　（tell） that it was being decorated.
7.With a lot of work 　　　　　　（do）， she wasn’t allowed to leave her office.
8.　　　　　　 （save） energy， we turn off the lights for Earth Hour.
9.　　　　　　 （realise） his dream of entering a key university， Jack studies harder than ever.
10.I am to join in the reading competition 　　　　　　　　（hold） next month.
11.More importantly， it is also a good opportunity 　　　　　　（express） your best wishes to our school.
12.Tu Youyou became the first Chinese scientist 　　　　　（win） the Nobel Prize in Medicine.
13.As a matter of fact， they were very surprised 　　　　　　　（inform） of the news.
维度二：语法与写作
1.You may have chances 　　　　　　　　　　　who’ll appear when you’re in need.
你可能有机会结识新朋友，他们会在你有困难时出现。
2.All the teachers 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　tomorrow should wear the uniforms.
明天出席开幕式的所有老师都应该穿制服。
3.During my last winter holiday， I went to the countryside with my father 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
去年寒假，我和父亲一起去乡下看望了我的祖父母。
4.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， we have decided to donate some books to your school.
为了帮助同学们学好英语，我们已决定为你们学校捐赠一批图书。
5.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 before we are ready for a long stay on the moon.
在我们做好在月球上长期停留的准备之前，还有许多问题要解决。
6.Knowing a Chinese painting exhibition will be held at the gallery next month， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
得知美术馆下个月将举办中国画展览，我写信申请当一名志愿者。
维度三：语法填空
　　Last weekend， I went to a bookstore 1.　　　　　 （buy） some books.There I came across a boy.He was old enough 2.　　　　　　 （read） by himself.He wanted to buy a geography book that cost one dollar.However， he had only sixty-two cents in his pocket.The money was too little for him 3.　　　　　　 （get） that book.The boy looked quite disappointed， but he was determined 4.　　　　　　 （try） some other bookstores to get one.Because I wanted to know the result， I decided 5.　　　　　　 （follow） him.
　　The boy tried four different bookstores 6.　　　　 （find） a cheaper book， but he went from one store to another， only 7.　　　　　　 （find） the book more expensive.In the sixth bookstore， the owner found that the boy was worried， so he asked him why he was anxious 8.　　　　　　 （get） a geography book.The boy told him that he wanted to become a sailor like his father.He wanted to learn more about geography.9.　　　　　　　　 （hear） what the boy said， the owner gave him one for free.The boy was very excited.The result was satisfying.Before I left， I gave the boy two dollars so that he was able to have money 10.　　　　　 （buy） more books.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
　　（2024·山东六校高一下联考）When Perla Latorre-Suarez was a child， she remembers holding her brother’s hand in the mountainous Orocovis region in Puerto Rico where she grew up and looking up a clear night as the International Space Station （ISS） flew overhead.“That day， my parents explained it to me； this is where all my interest in space came from，” Latorre-Suarez says.
　　Her love was further developed by a schoolteacher who encouraged her to pursue science， a trip to Kennedy Space Center during a family vacation， and visits to the Arecibo Observatory in Puerto Rico， which University of Central Florida （UCF） manages for the US National Science Foundation.Today， she is earning a master’s degree in aerospace engineering at UCF.Her current area of research is 3D printing sensors.“My biggest goal is to be able to work on space missions， such as the Artemis moon mission，” she says.“I want to ensure astronauts’ safety while exploring other planetary surfaces.”
　　Latorre-Suarez decided to study at UCF because of its excellent and supportive faculty （全体教师）.As an outstanding student， she had plenty of choices.“UCF has amazing teachers， such as Dr （Seetha） Raghavan， that are always willing to help their students to achieve their goals，” she says.“UCF has given me the opportunity to grow as a professional and as a person.” Latorre-Suarez credits Raghavan with her pursuit of space-related research at UCF.Together they pursued 3D printing and later determined they could probably use an autonomous application method for space missions.It is something Latorre-Suarez continues to work on today because she knows it will make a difference.
　　“Exploring space is important because we can get many answers that we will not be able to get here on Earth，” she says.“We can get answers about the history of our solar system and understand its formation.Through these answers， we will be able to expand technologies that will benefit us here on Earth as well as contribute to further exploration.”
1.When did Latorre-Suarez find her interest in space？（　　）
A.When she saw the ISS.
B.When she became a member of UCF.
C.When she visited Kennedy Space Center.
D.When she did experiments with her brother.
2.What did Latorre-Suarez want to do most in the future？（　　）
A.Land on the moon.
B.Work with UCF teachers.
C.Win herself a place at UCF.
D.Prevent astronauts from danger.
3.Why did Latorre-Suarez mention Raghavan in Paragraph 3？（　　）
A.To explain why she chose UCF.
B.To show how lucky she was to stay at UCF.
C.To describe how strict the teachers were at UCF.
D.To prove the achievements of UCF in space exploration.
4.What does Latorre-Suarez think of exploring space？（　　）
A.It is still limited.
B.It develops fast.
C.It helps humanity to move forward.
D.It is a waste of both time and money.
B
　　（2024·太原高一下质检）Astronauts travelling in space meet various forms of radiation that are uncommon on Earth.Some of the radiation has been shown to be harmful to human health.It is linked to cancers and heart problems.Yet a new American study suggests the radiation does not shorten astronauts’ lives.
　　Researchers studied nearly 60 years of health records and other data of male astronauts from the United States.They then compared the data with information about a group of men who are in good health， richer than most Americans and receive good health care — professional athletes.The study found that neither group has higher rates of dying at a young age.In fact， both groups generally live longer than other Americans.
　　“Astronauts are usually well educated， earn more money and are in better physical condition than the average American.Some earlier research has linked being an astronaut to a lower risk of early death，” the researchers noted.The findings were reported in Occupational and Environmental Medicine.
　　Much of the existing research on mortality rates of astronauts has not yet explored the mental and physical demands of this job.There also has not been a lot of research on whether astronauts show what is known as the “healthy worker effect”.“This effect shows people with employment of any kind have fewer medical problems than people who are unable to work，” said Robert Reynolds.
　　Reynolds said，“The challenge has always been to understand whether astronauts are as healthy as they would be if they had been otherwise comparably employed but had never gone to space at all.To do this， we need to find a group that is comparable on several important factors.”
5.How did researchers carry out their study？（　　）
A.By doing interviews.
B.By analysing some factors.
C.By comparing different data.
D.By doing experiments in the lab.
6.What can we learn from the text？（　　）
A.All radiation is harmful to human health.
B.Athletes tend to be poorer than most Americans.
C.The “healthy worker effect” shows working people are healthier.
D.Research has explored the mental and physical demands of being astronauts.
7.What can be inferred from Reynolds’ words？（　　）
A.Researchers are determined to face the challenge.
B.The research is very difficult to conduct.
C.Finding a similar group is easy.
D.Astronauts are not as healthy as athletes.
8.What can be a suitable title for the text？（　　）
A.Astronauts — Healthy or Otherwise
B.Astronauts Are as Healthy as Athletes
C.Radiation Affects Astronauts’ Health
D.Astronauts — Be Well Educated and Earn More
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
　　Over the years， we have discovered that our students seem to have more success with some methods of learning new words than with others.We’ll show you the methods we have found to be the most successful for our students.9.（　　）
　　Basic Method 1：Seeing Is Remembering
　　Letting a new word suggest a vivid mental image to you is a powerful and effective way to remember that word.Mental images are really mnemonics （记忆术）， too.They help you remember.10.（　　） When it comes to mental images， crazy is better than normal.Normal is boring.Crazy is dramatic.
　　Basic Method 2：Etymological （词源的） Clues
　　Although the English language contains hundreds of thousands of words， you will discover that many groups of words are related in meaning.11.（　　） When you recognise that a group of words shares a similar root， you will more easily remember the entire group.
　　Basic Method 3：Writing on Your Brain
　　Many people find that they can learn new information more readily if they write it down.12.（　　） Perhaps the explanation is that by writing you are bringing another sense into play — you’ve seen the word， you’ve said and heard the word， and now you’re feeling the word.
　　Basic Method 4：Putting It All Together with Flash Cards and a Notebook
　　A flash card is a simple piece of paper or cardboard with a word on one side and a definition on the other.You may have used flash cards when you were first learning to read， or when you were first tackling a foreign language.13.（　　） You should also indicate the pronunciation if you aren’t sure you’ll remember it.
A. Use the one or ones that suit you best.
B.You don’t have to write each word on a card.
C.The emphasis here is on suggestive mental pictures.
D.Why？ Because they developed from a common root.
E.Many students find it hard to remember long English words.
F.The physical act of writing seems to plant the information more firmly.
G.Most of our students write a word on one side and the definition on the other.
Ⅲ.完形填空
　　One day recently， Laurie Fenby was shopping at a garage sale in Rochester New York.As she was leaving， she noticed a 　14　 on the ground.She looked inside and 　15　 a Jamaican driver’s license and some cash.She tried all the usual ways to 　16　 the man， whose name was George.
　　Her efforts were 　17　 — she couldn’t find him through Google or Facebook.And then she asked for 　18　 through Nextdoor， a community website.Laurie received a lot of ideas and responses.
　　But one lady 　19　 that she contact a little store that has many Jamaican migrant workers as clients.Laurie called the 　20　 and found that yes， indeed， there was someone named George who lost his wallet.When George contacted her he was able to 　21　 all the contents of the wallet and Laurie was able to return it.
　　But it didn’t stop there.Laurie asked George， “What do you and the migrant workers 　22　？” He said they could use some warm clothes.Laurie 　23　 contacted the next-door community and organised a clothing drive.She 　24　 lots of T-shirts， sweatshirts， and shoes.
　　Recently Laurie was able to 　25　 George and the other migrant workers in Rochester， and she 　26　 them to pick apples together.
　　They’re so 　27　 to Laurie and her friends.Losing the wallet 　28　 to be a blessing in disguise — none of this community-building or friendship would have happened if the wallet had stayed in George’s pocket.
14.（　）A.handbag B.wallet
C.box D.present
15.（　）A.placed B.found
C.confirmed D.picked
16.（　）A.connect B.recognise
C.locate D.attract
17.（　）A.in vain B.in case
C.in turn D.in order
18.（　）A.opinions B.permission
C.choices D.advice
19.（　）A.realised B.considered
C.suggested D.demanded
20.（　）A.store B.company
C.factory D.office
21.（　）A.predict B.identify
C.guess D.determine
22.（　）A.lose B.gain
C.need D.think
23.（　）A.eventually B.gradually
C.immediately D.occasionally
24.（　）A.received B.donated
C.collected D.produced
25.（　）A.invite B.know
C.influence D.meet
26.（　）A.joined B.allowed
C.affected D.advised
27.（　）A.polite B.patient
C.sensitive D.grateful
28.（　）A.turned out B.went over
C.took off D.gave away
Ⅳ.语法填空
　　So far， the Internet 29.　　　　　　 （bring） us great convenience.To a certain extent， we can hardly live without it.30.　　　　　　， it also raises all sorts of questions： when surfing the Internet， how can we protect ourselves？ How can we use the Internet 31.　　　　　　 （responsible）？ The following guidelines may show you how to live in the digital world.
　　Above all else， you should use the Internet in a safe way.You must always be careful about which sites 32.　　　　　　 （trust）.One wrong click may damage your computer and remove all your computer files！ Therefore， before visiting a web page， always check for signs that warn people of danger.Another tip is to keep your personal information private， 33.　　　　　　 （include） your phone number， address and email account.
You also need to show respect when communicating with other online users.Leave 34.　　　　　　 （comment） politely and treat others 35.　　　　　　 way you would like to be treated.Though the majority of online users 36.　　　　　　 （be） nice and friendly， there might be some users who make you feel 37.　　　　　　 （comfort） online.In such cases， be aware that you always have the right to say no and cut off contact.Remember that relationships you establish in the digital world are just the same 38.　　　　　　 those you have in real life.
Section Ⅲ　Discovering Useful Structures
基础知识自测
维度一
1.To win　2.to be repaired　3.to watch　4.to face　5.to do
6.to be told　7.to do　8.To save　9.To realise　10.to be held
11.to express　12.to win　13.to be informed
维度二
1.to make new friends
2.to attend the opening ceremony
3.to visit my grandparents
4.To help the students to learn English better
5.There are still many problems to be solved
6.I am writing to apply to become a volunteer
维度三
1.to buy　2.to read　3.to get　4.to try　5.to follow　6.to find
7.to find　8.to get　9.Hearing/Having heard　10.to buy
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。Perla Latorre-Suarez致力于研发新技术，保障宇航员在太空作业时的安全。
1.A　细节理解题。根据第一段可知，当Latorre-Suarez看到国际空间站从天上飞过时，她对太空产生了浓厚的兴趣。
2.D　细节理解题。根据第二段可知，Latorre-Suarez最大的目标是保障宇航员在太空作业时的安全，使他们远离危险。
3.A　推理判断题。第三段中的Latorre-Suarez decided to study at UCF because of its excellent and supportive faculty （全体教师）.为本段的主旨句。下文提到的关于Dr （Seetha） Raghavan的内容是对本句的解释说明。由此可知，本段解释了Latorre-Suarez选择佛罗里达大学的原因。
4.C　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，Latorre-Suarez认为探索太空可以帮助我们提高技术，更好地认识地球，同时也可以为以后更加深入的太空探索作好准备。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。一项研究表明，太空中的辐射不会缩短宇航员的寿命，但其健康状况是否会受到影响仍然是未知的。
5.C　细节理解题。根据第二段前两句可知，研究人员是通过对比不同的数据进行研究的。
6.C　推理判断题。根据第四段可知，“健康工作者效应”显示，有工作的人比那些不能工作的人有更少的健康方面的问题，即有工作的人身体更健康。
7.B　推理判断题。根据最后一段中Reynolds说的话可知，如果这些宇航员当初没有去太空，而是被雇用做了其他工作，那么他们的健康状况是否与现在相同。要想完成这项研究，则需要找到在这几个重要因素上具有对照性的群体。由此推断，这项研究很难进行下去。
8.A　标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了一项研究，该研究表明，太空辐射不会缩短宇航员的寿命，但其健康状况是否会受到影响仍然是未知的。因此A项（宇航员——健康与否）适合作本文的标题。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章就如何背单词给我们提供了四种方法和建议。
9.A　上句提到一些背单词的好方法，本句接着建议我们“选择适合自己的一种或多种方法”，故A项符合语境。
10.C　下句建议我们在背单词时大脑中想象一些图画，故C项（这里强调具有暗示性的图画）符合语境。
11.D　上句指出英语中很多单词词义相互有联系，这里进一步说明其原因是很多词汇具有相同的词根，故D项符合语境。
12.F　本段强调书写对于我们记忆单词时的巨大帮助，故F项（书写可以将单词深深地植入我们的大脑）符合语境。
13.G　本段建议我们通过制作卡片背单词，故G项（卡片的一边写单词，另一边写词义）符合语境。
Ⅲ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。Laurie Fenby无意中捡到一个钱包，她辗转找到失主后，又发生了新的故事。
14.B　根据下文可知， Laurie Fenby在地上捡到一个钱包。
15.B　Laurie Fenby在钱包里发现了一个牙买加驾照和一些现金。
16.C　Laurie Fenby尝试了所有常用的方法，去确定失主的位置。locate表示“找出或指出某人/某物的准确位置或地点”。
17.A　根据下文可知， Laurie Fenby没有通过Google或Facebook找到失主，因此她的努力是徒劳的。in vain表示“无结果地； 徒劳地”。
18.D　然后Laurie Fenby通过Nextdoor网站向网友征求意见。
19.C　有一位女士建议Laurie Fenby跟一家商店联系，那家商店有一些牙买加人顾客。
20.A　Laurie Fenby听从了那位女士的建议，给那家商店打了电话。
21.B　失主George打来了电话，能够正确说出钱包里的物品。identify表示“确认、证明某人或某事”。
22.C　Laurie Fenby关心地问George和其他移民工人需要什么。
23.C　听了George的答复后， Laurie Fenby立刻跟附近的社区联系，组织了一场募集衣服的活动。
24.A　活动发起后， Laurie Fenby收到了很多T恤衫、运动衫和鞋等。
25.D　最近Laurie Fenby和George以及其他移民工人见了面。
26.A　Laurie Fenby加入了George和其他移民工人，跟他们一起摘苹果。
27.D　由于Laurie Fenby不仅归还了George的钱包，而且还帮助了其他工人，因此他们对她非常感激。
28.A　对George来说，丢失钱包结果是塞翁失马，坏事变成了好事。turn out 表示“结果是”；a blessing in disguise 表示“塞翁失马；因祸得福”。
Ⅳ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章就如何在网络世界中生活提出了建议。
29.has brought　根据So far可知，此处应用现在完成时。主语the Internet为第三人称单数。故填has brought。
30.However/Nevertheless　空后的it also raises all sorts of questions和上文构成转折关系，且空后有逗号，所以应用副词however或nevertheless，表示“然而”，句首首字母应大写。故填However/Nevertheless。
31.responsibly　修饰动词use应用副词。故填responsibly。
32.to trust　“疑问词＋to do”在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语等句子成分。此处在句中作介词about的宾语。故填to trust。
33.including　your personal information包括your phone number， address and email account，故填介词including。
ments　comment意为“评论”，为可数名词，此处表示泛指，所以应用复数形式。故填comments。
35.the　名词way被定语从句you would like to be treated修饰，所以是特指。故填the。
36.are　主语the majority of online users为复数，且此处描述客观事实，所以应用一般现在时。故填are。
37.uncomfortable　根据上文Though可知，前后句意相反，所以此处是指可能有一些用户让你在网上感到不舒服，所以应用形容词作系动词feel的表语。故填uncomfortable。
38.as　the same as意为“与……相同”，为固定搭配。根据语境可知，此处是指在网络中的关系和现实生活中的关系是相同的。故填as。
6 / 6Section Ⅲ　Discovering Useful Structures
动词不定式
　①Today， scientists design vehicles to carry astronauts into space to make important discoveries.
②Space exploration has come a long way， and we now hope to discover other planets that are suitable enough to support life.
③However， while such disasters brought much sadness and disappointment， the desire to explore the universe did not die.
④China became the third country in the world to independently send humans into space in 2003 ...
⑤On 23 July 2020， China sent Tianwen 1 to explore the surface of Mars.
⑥And from 2021 to 2022， China completed a number of rocket missions to establish its own space station.
⑦This modern space station will allow astronauts to conduct many important experiments ...
⑧Many countries have plans to further study planets like Mars and Jupiter.
⑨Despite the difficulties， scientists hope to make more valuable discoveries that will enable the human race to survive well into the future.
【我的发现】
　（1）句　　　　为动词不定式作状语。
（2）句　　　　为动词不定式作定语。
（3）句　　　　为动词不定式作宾语。
（4）句　　　　为动词不定式作宾语补足语。
一、动词不定式的时态和语态
　 　语态 时态　 　 主动形式 被动形式
一般式 to do to be done
进行式 to be doing —
完成式 to have done to have been done
否定形式 在to前加not 在to前加not
My father has decided to cut out smoking.
我的父亲已经决定戒烟了。
The meeting to be held tomorrow is of great importance.
明天要举行的会议很重要。
I’m very sorry to have kept you sitting around doing nothing.
让你一直无所事事地闲坐着我感到很抱歉。
【即时演练1】　用所给词的适当形式填空
①I am honoured 　　　　　　（deliver） a speech at the opening ceremony on behalf of our school.
②The question 　　　　　　　　　　（discuss） tomorrow is about the pollution.
③The book is said to 　　　　　　　　　　（translate） into four languages so far.
④The little boy pretended 　　　　　　　（read） the book when his teacher entered the classroom.
二、动词不定式作定语
　动词不定式作定语修饰名词或代词，动词不定式和它所修饰的词之间有逻辑上的动宾关系、主谓关系、动状关系或同位关系。动词不定式通常要放在这些被修饰词的后面。
1.动词不定式作定语常放在名词或不定代词后面作后置定语，表示尚未发生的动作。
I have something important to tell you.
我有重要的事要告诉你。
2.名词前有first、 last、 next、 only等词以及最高级修饰时，其后要用动词不定式作后置定语。
She was the first woman to win the gold medal in the Olympic Games.
她是第一位在奥运会上获得金牌的女性。
3.抽象名词attempt、 ability、 chance、 desire、 opportunity、 courage、 plan、 way或不定代词something、 nothing等后面常用动词不定式作后置定语。
Janis Adkins has the ability and desire to do useful work.
詹尼斯·阿德金斯有能力和愿望去做有用的工作。
This can be useful for business such as restaurants and stores because it offers a new way to attract customers.
这对饭店和商店这样的生意很有用，因为它提供了新的吸引顾客的方法。
4.当名词与定语之间存在主谓关系时，要用动词不定式作定语。
We must find a person to do the job.
我们必须找一个做这份工作的人。
名师点津
（1）动词不定式作定语时，要放在它所修饰的名词或代词后面。
Attention， please.The astronaut has something important to say.
请注意，这名宇航员有重要的事情要说。
（2）如果动词不定式是不及物动词，后面就应有必要的介词。
Give me a piece of paper to write on.
给我一张纸写字。
【即时演练2】　单句语法填空
①In many homes in the UK， the first person 　　　　　　（wake） up has to make tea for the family.
②The airport 　　　　　　　（complete） next year will help promote tourism in this area.
③（2023·新课标Ⅰ卷）We’re all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way 　　　　　　（develop） and grow.
④Carol was happy that she had the chance 　　　　　　　　（experience） the life in the city.
⑤These courses offer us opportunities 　　　　　　　　（improve） our abilities to appreciate art.
三、动词不定式作状语
　动词不定式在句中作状语，主要用来表示目的、原因及结果等。
1.作目的状语，置于句首或句末，置于句首时常表示强调。为加强语气，常与in order to或so as to 组成短语。
To get some work experience， I intend to take up a part-time job in summer vacation.为了获得一些工作经验，我打算在暑假做一份兼职。
In order to improve customer satisfaction， the company offered a loyalty rewards program.
为了提高顾客的满意度，公司推出了忠诚奖励计划。
She asked me to drive her to the airport so as to catch the 5：00 plane.为了赶上5点的飞机，她让我开车把她送到机场。
2.作原因状语，多用于“sb＋be＋adj.＋to do ...”结构中。
I’m disappointed to hear you lack the patience.
听说你缺乏耐心我很失望。
If so， you may be surprised to learn that libraries have changed for the better.
如果这样的话，你可能会很惊讶地发现图书馆已经变得更好了。
3.作结果状语，多用于too ...to ...、 enough to ...、 only to do （表示意料之外的结果的发生）、 so/such ...as to ...（如此……以至于……）结构中。
The Californian ship arrived too late to save more people.
加利福尼亚号来得太晚，没能挽救更多人。
The boy is old enough to take care of himself.
这个男孩足够大了，能照顾他自己了。
He hurried to the agency only to find the manager had left.
他匆忙赶到代理处，却发现经理已经离开了。
She is （so） proud as to look down upon others.
她太骄傲了，看不起别人。
4.独立的动词不定式多用作插入语，表示说话人的心理状态或对事情的看法。
To make matters worse， e-dictionaries mean more pollution than paper dictionaries.
更糟糕的是，电子词典比传统纸质词典污染更严重。
名师点津
动词不定式与动词-ing形式作结果状语的区别：
（1）动词不定式作结果状语强调的是一种意想不到的结果。
Anxiously， she took the dress out of the package and tried it on， only to find it didn’t fit.
她焦急地从包裹中取出裙子，然后试穿了一下，结果发现它不合身。
（2）动词-ing形式作结果状语强调的是一种顺承的、必然造成的结果。
He failed his exam， making his father angry.
他考试不及格，使他父亲很生气。
【即时演练3】　单句语法填空
①　　　　　　 （learn） more about Chinese culture， Jack has decided to take Chinese folk music as an elective course.
②Without a second thought， Paul drove the car quickly back to the two cyclists， only 　　　　　　（find） they were gone.
③When the gorillas and I frightened each other， I was just glad 　　　　　　（find） them alive.
④Would you be so kind as 　　　　　　（spare） some time to come and join us？
lack n.缺乏；短缺 vt.没有；缺乏
【教材原句】　Astronauts’ bones and muscles can get very weak in space due to the lack of gravity， so they need to exercise every day， which will help them stay healthy.由于缺乏重力，宇航员的骨骼和肌肉在太空中会变得非常虚弱，所以他们需要每天锻炼，这将有助于他们保持健康。
【用法】
（1）（a） lack of ...　　　　缺少…… for lack of ... 由于缺乏…… （2）lacking adj. 缺乏的；缺少的 be lacking in sth 缺少某物
【佳句】　①The reason why he failed in the driving test was that he lacked confidence in himself.
他驾照考试失败的原因是对他自己缺乏信心。
②The project had to be abandoned for lack of funds.工程因资金缺乏只得放弃。
③He carried on with the project although he was lacking in experience.
尽管他缺乏经验，他还是把这个项目进行了下去。
【写美】　一句多译
因缺乏自信，我站在舞台上，低着头，双腿不受控制地颤抖。 （读后续写之动作描写）
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， I stood on the stage，with my head lowered and my legs trembling without control.
→Because 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　，I stood on the stage，with my head lowered and my legs trembling without control.
→Because 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， I stood on the stage， with my head lowered and my legs trembling without control.
beyond prep.在更远处；超出
【教材原句】　Sending people to other planets or even beyond the solar system is not an easy goal to achieve.
把人们送到其他星球，甚至是超出太阳系并不是很容易就能实现的目标。
【用法】
beyond words　　　　　难以言喻 beyond one’s reach 够不着 beyond expectation 出乎意料 beyond control 失去控制 beyond repair 无法修理 beyond sb 使某人无法想象（或理解、做等）
【佳句】　Unfortunately， my car was beyond control.As a result， it ran into a tree and it was beyond repair.
不幸的是，我的车失去了控制。结果，它撞上了一棵树，无法修理了。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①I should have told you in advance， but something happened beyond my 　　　　　　（expect）.
【写美】　完成句子
②I couldn’t allow you to be admitted into the club， because it was 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
我不能允许你进入俱乐部，因为这超出了我的权力。
③I turned to my teacher for help， for 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
我向老师寻求帮助，因为我无法理解整个问题。
Section Ⅲ　Discovering Useful Structures
【重难语法·要攻克】
我的发现
（1）①⑤⑥　（2）③④⑧　（3）②　（4）⑦⑨
即时演练1
①to deliver　②to be discussed　③have been translated
④to be reading
即时演练2
①to wake　②to be completed　③to develop　④to experience
⑤to improve
即时演练3
①To learn　②to find　③to find　④to spare
【知识要点·须拾遗】
1.For lack of confidence； I lacked confidence； I was lacking in confidence
2.①expectation　②beyond my power
③the whole problem was beyond me
5 / 5(共79张PPT)
Section Ⅲ
Discovering Useful Structures
1
重难语法·要攻克
目 录
2
知识要点·须拾遗
3
课时检测·提能力
1
重难语法·要攻克
掌握核心语法
动词不定式
①Today， scientists design vehicles to carry astronauts into space to
make important discoveries.
②Space exploration has come a long way， and we now hope to discover
other planets that are suitable enough to support life.
③However， while such disasters brought much sadness and
disappointment， the desire to explore the universe did not die.
④China became the third country in the world to independently send
humans into space in 2003 ...
⑤On 23 July 2020， China sent Tianwen 1 to explore the surface of
Mars.
⑥And from 2021 to 2022， China completed a number of rocket missions
to establish its own space station.
⑦This modern space station will allow astronauts to conduct many
important experiments ...
⑧Many countries have plans to further study planets like Mars and
Jupiter.
⑨Despite the difficulties， scientists hope to make more valuable
discoveries that will enable the human race to survive well into the future.
【我的发现】
（1）句 为动词不定式作状语。
（2）句 为动词不定式作定语。
（3）句 为动词不定式作宾语。
（4）句 为动词不定式作宾语补足语。
①⑤⑥　
③④⑧　
②　
⑦⑨　
一、动词不定式的时态和语态
　 　语态 时态 主动形式 被动形式
一般式 to do to be done
进行式 to be doing —
完成式 to have done to have been done
否定形式 在to前加not 在to前加not
My father has decided to cut out smoking.
我的父亲已经决定戒烟了。
The meeting to be held tomorrow is of great importance.
明天要举行的会议很重要。
I’m very sorry to have kept you sitting around doing nothing.
让你一直无所事事地闲坐着我感到很抱歉。
【即时演练1】　用所给词的适当形式填空
①I am honoured （deliver） a speech at the opening
ceremony on behalf of our school.
②The question （discuss） tomorrow is about the
pollution.
③The book is said to （translate） into four
languages so far.
④The little boy pretended （read） the book when his
teacher entered the classroom.
to deliver　
to be discussed　
have been translated　
to be reading　
二、动词不定式作定语
　动词不定式作定语修饰名词或代词，动词不定式和它所修饰的词之
间有逻辑上的动宾关系、主谓关系、动状关系或同位关系。动词不定
式通常要放在这些被修饰词的后面。
1. 动词不定式作定语常放在名词或不定代词后面作后置定语，表示尚
未发生的动作。
I have something important to tell you.
我有重要的事要告诉你。
2. 名词前有first、 last、 next、 only等词以及最高级修饰时，其后要
用动词不定式作后置定语。
She was the first woman to win the gold medal in the Olympic Games.
她是第一位在奥运会上获得金牌的女性。
3. 抽象名词attempt、 ability、 chance、 desire、 opportunity、
courage、 plan、 way或不定代词something、 nothing等后面常用动
词不定式作后置定语。
Janis Adkins has the ability and desire to do useful work.
詹尼斯·阿德金斯有能力和愿望去做有用的工作。
This can be useful for business such as restaurants and stores because it
offers a new way to attract customers.
这对饭店和商店这样的生意很有用，因为它提供了新的吸引顾客的
方法。
4. 当名词与定语之间存在主谓关系时，要用动词不定式作定语。
We must find a person to do the job.
我们必须找一个做这份工作的人。
名师点津
（1）动词不定式作定语时，要放在它所修饰的名词或代词后面。
Attention， please.The astronaut has something important to say.
请注意，这名宇航员有重要的事情要说。
（2）如果动词不定式是不及物动词，后面就应有必要的介词。
Give me a piece of paper to write on.
给我一张纸写字。
【即时演练2】　单句语法填空
①In many homes in the UK， the first person （wake） up
has to make tea for the family.
②The airport （complete） next year will help
promote tourism in this area.
③（2023·新课标Ⅰ卷）We’re all changing and learning all the time and
mistakes are a positive way （develop） and grow.
④Carol was happy that she had the chance
（experience） the life in the city.
⑤These courses offer us opportunities （improve） our
abilities to appreciate art.
to wake　
to be completed　
to develop　
to experience　
to improve　
三、动词不定式作状语
　动词不定式在句中作状语，主要用来表示目的、原因及结果等。
1. 作目的状语，置于句首或句末，置于句首时常表示强调。为加强语
气，常与in order to或so as to 组成短语。
To get some work experience， I intend to take up a part-time job in
summer vacation.
为了获得一些工作经验，我打算在暑假做一份兼职。
In order to improve customer satisfaction， the company offered a
loyalty rewards program.
为了提高顾客的满意度，公司推出了忠诚奖励计划。
She asked me to drive her to the airport so as to catch the 5：00 plane.
为了赶上5点的飞机，她让我开车把她送到机场。
2. 作原因状语，多用于“sb＋be＋adj.＋to do ...”结构中。
I’m disappointed to hear you lack the patience.
听说你缺乏耐心我很失望。
If so， you may be surprised to learn that libraries have changed for
the better.
如果这样的话，你可能会很惊讶地发现图书馆已经变得更好了。
3. 作结果状语，多用于too ...to ...、 enough to ...、 only to do
（表示意料之外的结果的发生）、 so/such ...as to ...（如此……
以至于……）结构中。
The Californian ship arrived too late to save more people.
加利福尼亚号来得太晚，没能挽救更多人。
The boy is old enough to take care of himself.
这个男孩足够大了，能照顾他自己了。
He hurried to the agency only to find the manager had left.
他匆忙赶到代理处，却发现经理已经离开了。
She is （so） proud as to look down upon others.
她太骄傲了，看不起别人。
4. 独立的动词不定式多用作插入语，表示说话人的心理状态或对事情
的看法。
To make matters worse， e-dictionaries mean more pollution than
paper dictionaries.
更糟糕的是，电子词典比传统纸质词典污染更严重。
名师点津
动词不定式与动词-ing形式作结果状语的区别：
（1）动词不定式作结果状语强调的是一种意想不到的结果。
Anxiously， she took the dress out of the package and tried it on，
only to find it didn’t fit.
她焦急地从包裹中取出裙子，然后试穿了一下，结果发现它不
合身。
（2）动词-ing形式作结果状语强调的是一种顺承的、必然造成的
结果。
He failed his exam， making his father angry.
他考试不及格，使他父亲很生气。
【即时演练3】　单句语法填空
① （learn） more about Chinese culture， Jack has
decided to take Chinese folk music as an elective course.
②Without a second thought， Paul drove the car quickly back to the
two cyclists， only （find） they were gone.
To learn　
to find　
③When the gorillas and I frightened each other， I was just
glad （find） them alive.
④Would you be so kind as （spare） some time to
come and join us？
to find　
to spare　
知识要点·须拾遗
关注高频词汇
2
lack n.缺乏；短缺 vt.没有；缺乏
【教材原句】　Astronauts’ bones and muscles can get very weak in
space due to the lack of gravity， so they need to exercise every day，
which will help them stay healthy.
由于缺乏重力，宇航员的骨骼和肌肉在太空中会变得非常虚弱，所以
他们需要每天锻炼，这将有助于他们保持健康。
【用法】
（1）（a） lack of ...　　　　缺少……
for lack of ...　　由于缺乏……
（2）lacking adj.　　缺乏的；缺少的
be lacking in sth　　缺少某物
【佳句】　①The reason why he failed in the driving test was that he
lacked confidence in himself.
他驾照考试失败的原因是对他自己缺乏信心。
②The project had to be abandoned for lack of funds.
工程因资金缺乏只得放弃。
③He carried on with the project although he was lacking in experience.
尽管他缺乏经验，他还是把这个项目进行了下去。
【写美】　一句多译
因缺乏自信，我站在舞台上，低着头，双腿不受控制地颤抖。
（读后续写之动作描写）
→ ，I stood on the stage，with my head
lowered and my legs trembling without control.
→Because ，I stood on the stage，with my head
lowered and my legs trembling without control.
→Because ， I stood on the stage， with
my head lowered and my legs trembling without control.
For lack of confidence　
I lacked confidence　
I was lacking in confidence　
beyond prep.在更远处；超出
【教材原句】　Sending people to other planets or even beyond the solar
system is not an easy goal to achieve.
把人们送到其他星球，甚至是超出太阳系并不是很容易就能实现
的目标。
beyond words　　　　　难以言喻
beyond one’s reach　　够不着
beyond expectation　　出乎意料
beyond control　　失去控制
beyond repair　　无法修理
beyond sb　　使某人无法想象（或理解、做等）
【用法】
【佳句】　Unfortunately， my car was beyond control.As a result， it
ran into a tree and it was beyond repair.
不幸的是，我的车失去了控制。结果，它撞上了一棵树，无法修
理了。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①I should have told you in advance， but something happened beyond
my （expect）.
expectation　
②I couldn’t allow you to be admitted into the club， because it
was .
我不能允许你进入俱乐部，因为这超出了我的权力。
③I turned to my teacher for help， for
.
我向老师寻求帮助，因为我无法理解整个问题。
beyond my power　
the whole problem was beyond
me　
【写美】　完成句子
3
课时检测 · 提能力
培育学科素养
维度一：基础题型练
1. （win） the competition， the competitors have to
practice hard day and night.
2. Many buildings in our school need repairing， but the one
（repair） first is the library.
3. The old man sitting in front of the television was happy
（watch） anything that happened to be on.
To win　
to be
repaired　
to watch　
4. Thanks to your encouragement， I finally got the courage
（face） the challenge.
5. It is recognised that he is the best man （do） the job.
6. After school we went to the reading room to do some reading，
only （tell） that it was being decorated.
7. With a lot of work （do）， she wasn’t allowed to leave
her office.
8. （save） energy， we turn off the lights for Earth Hour.
to face　
to do　
to be told　
to do　
To save　
9. （realise） his dream of entering a key university，
Jack studies harder than ever.
10. I am to join in the reading competition （hold） next
month.
11. More importantly， it is also a good opportunity
（express） your best wishes to our school.
12. Tu Youyou became the first Chinese scientist （win） the
Nobel Prize in Medicine.
To realise　
to be held　
to express　
to win　
13. As a matter of fact， they were very surprised
（inform） of the news.
to be informed　
维度二：语法与写作
1. You may have chances who’ll appear when
you’re in need.
你可能有机会结识新朋友，他们会在你有困难时出现。
2. All the teachers tomorrow should
wear the uniforms.
明天出席开幕式的所有老师都应该穿制服。
3. During my last winter holiday， I went to the countryside with my
father .
去年寒假，我和父亲一起去乡下看望了我的祖父母。
to make new friends　
to attend the opening ceremony　
to visit my grandparents　
4. ， we have decided to
donate some books to your school.
为了帮助同学们学好英语，我们已决定为你们学校捐赠一批图书。
5. before we are ready for
a long stay on the moon.
在我们做好在月球上长期停留的准备之前，还有许多问题要解决。
6. Knowing a Chinese painting exhibition will be held at the gallery next
month， .
得知美术馆下个月将举办中国画展览，我写信申请当一名志愿者。
To help the students to learn English better　
There are still many problems to be solved　
I am writing to apply to become a volunteer　
维度三：语法填空
　　Last weekend， I went to a bookstore 1. （buy）
some books.There I came across a boy.He was old enough 2.
（read） by himself.He wanted to buy a geography book that
cost one dollar.However， he had only sixty-two cents in his
pocket.The money was too little for him 3. （get） that
book.The boy looked quite disappointed， but he was determined
4. （try） some other bookstores to get one.Because I
wanted to know the result， I decided 5. （follow） him.
to buy　
to
read　
to get　
to try　
to follow　
　　The boy tried four different bookstores 6. （find） a
cheaper book， but he went from one store to another， only 7.
（find） the book more expensive.In the sixth bookstore， the
owner found that the boy was worried， so he asked him why he was
anxious 8. （get） a geography book.The boy told him that
he wanted to become a sailor like his father.He wanted to learn more
about geography.9. （hear） what the boy
said， the owner gave him one for free.The boy was very excited.The
result was satisfying.Before I left， I gave the boy two dollars so that
he was able to have money 10. （buy） more books.
to find　
to
find　
to get　
Hearing/Having heard　
to buy　
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
　　（2024·山东六校高一下联考）When Perla Latorre-Suarez was a
child， she remembers holding her brother’s hand in the mountainous
Orocovis region in Puerto Rico where she grew up and looking up a clear
night as the International Space Station （ISS） flew overhead.“That
day， my parents explained it to me； this is where all my interest in
space came from，” Latorre-Suarez says.
　　Her love was further developed by a schoolteacher who encouraged
her to pursue science， a trip to Kennedy Space Center during a family
vacation， and visits to the Arecibo Observatory in Puerto Rico， which
University of Central Florida （UCF） manages for the US National
Science Foundation.Today， she is earning a master’s degree in
aerospace engineering at UCF. Her current area of research is 3D printing
sensors.“My biggest goal is to be able to work on space missions， such
as the Artemis moon mission，” she says.“I want to ensure
astronauts’ safety while exploring other planetary surfaces.”
　　Latorre-Suarez decided to study at UCF because of its excellent and
supportive faculty （全体教师）.As an outstanding student， she had
plenty of choices.“UCF has amazing teachers， such as Dr （Seetha）
Raghavan， that are always willing to help their students to achieve their
goals，” she says.“UCF has given me the opportunity to grow as a
professional and as a person.” Latorre-Suarez credits Raghavan with her
pursuit of space-related research at UCF. Together they pursued 3D
printing and later determined they could probably use an autonomous
application method for space missions.It is something Latorre-Suarez
continues to work on today because she knows it will make a difference.
　　“Exploring space is important because we can get many answers that
we will not be able to get here on Earth，” she says.“We can get
answers about the history of our solar system and understand its
formation.Through these answers， we will be able to expand
technologies that will benefit us here on Earth as well as contribute to
further exploration.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。Perla Latorre-Suarez致力于研发新技
术，保障宇航员在太空作业时的安全。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。Perla Latorre-Suarez致力于研发新技
术，保障宇航员在太空作业时的安全。
1. When did Latorre-Suarez find her interest in space？（　　）
A. When she saw the ISS.
B. When she became a member of UCF.
C. When she visited Kennedy Space Center.
D. When she did experiments with her brother.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第一段可知，当Latorre-Suarez看到国
际空间站从天上飞过时，她对太空产生了浓厚的兴趣。
2. What did Latorre-Suarez want to do most in the future？（　　）
A. Land on the moon.
B. Work with UCF teachers.
C. Win herself a place at UCF.
D. Prevent astronauts from danger.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第二段可知，Latorre-Suarez最大的目
标是保障宇航员在太空作业时的安全，使他们远离危险。
3. Why did Latorre-Suarez mention Raghavan in Paragraph 3？（　　）
A. To explain why she chose UCF.
B. To show how lucky she was to stay at UCF.
C. To describe how strict the teachers were at UCF.
D. To prove the achievements of UCF in space exploration.
解析：　推理判断题。第三段中的Latorre-Suarez decided to study
at UCF because of its excellent and supportive faculty （全体教师）.
为本段的主旨句。下文提到的关于Dr （Seetha） Raghavan的内容
是对本句的解释说明。由此可知，本段解释了Latorre-Suarez选择佛
罗里达大学的原因。
4. What does Latorre-Suarez think of exploring space？（　　）
A. It is still limited.
B. It develops fast.
C. It helps humanity to move forward.
D. It is a waste of both time and money.
解析：　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，Latorre-Suarez认为探
索太空可以帮助我们提高技术，更好地认识地球，同时也可以为以
后更加深入的太空探索作好准备。
B
　　（2024·太原高一下质检）Astronauts travelling in space meet
various forms of radiation that are uncommon on Earth.Some of the
radiation has been shown to be harmful to human health.It is linked to
cancers and heart problems.Yet a new American study suggests the
radiation does not shorten astronauts’ lives.
　　Researchers studied nearly 60 years of health records and other data
of male astronauts from the United States.They then compared the data
with information about a group of men who are in good health， richer
than most Americans and receive good health care — professional
athletes.The study found that neither group has higher rates of dying at a
young age.In fact， both groups generally live longer than other
Americans.
　　“Astronauts are usually well educated， earn more money and are in
better physical condition than the average American.Some earlier research
has linked being an astronaut to a lower risk of early death，” the
researchers noted.The findings were reported in Occupational and
Environmental Medicine.
　　Much of the existing research on mortality rates of astronauts has not
yet explored the mental and physical demands of this job.There also has
not been a lot of research on whether astronauts show what is known as the
“healthy worker effect”.“This effect shows people with employment
of any kind have fewer medical problems than people who are unable to
work，” said Robert Reynolds.
　　Reynolds said，“The challenge has always been to understand
whether astronauts are as healthy as they would be if they had been
otherwise comparably employed but had never gone to space at all.To do
this， we need to find a group that is comparable on several important
factors.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。一项研究表明，太空中的辐射不会
缩短宇航员的寿命，但其健康状况是否会受到影响仍然是未知的。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。一项研究表明，太空中的辐射不会
缩短宇航员的寿命，但其健康状况是否会受到影响仍然是未知的。
5. How did researchers carry out their study？（　　）
A. By doing interviews.
B. By analysing some factors.
C. By comparing different data.
D. By doing experiments in the lab.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第二段前两句可知，研究人员是通过
对比不同的数据进行研究的。
6. What can we learn from the text？（　　）
A. All radiation is harmful to human health.
B. Athletes tend to be poorer than most Americans.
C. The “healthy worker effect” shows working people are healthier.
D. Research has explored the mental and physical demands of being
astronauts.
解析：　推理判断题。根据第四段可知，“健康工作者效应”显
示，有工作的人比那些不能工作的人有更少的健康方面的问题，即
有工作的人身体更健康。
7. What can be inferred from Reynolds’ words？（　　）
A. Researchers are determined to face the challenge.
B. The research is very difficult to conduct.
C. Finding a similar group is easy.
D. Astronauts are not as healthy as athletes.
解析：　推理判断题。根据最后一段中Reynolds说的话可知，如
果这些宇航员当初没有去太空，而是被雇用做了其他工作，那么他
们的健康状况是否与现在相同。要想完成这项研究，则需要找到在
这几个重要因素上具有对照性的群体。由此推断，这项研究很难进
行下去。
8. What can be a suitable title for the text？（　　）
A. Astronauts — Healthy or Otherwise
B. Astronauts Are as Healthy as Athletes
C. Radiation Affects Astronauts’ Health
D. Astronauts — Be Well Educated and Earn More
解析：　标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了一项研
究，该研究表明，太空辐射不会缩短宇航员的寿命，但其健康状况
是否会受到影响仍然是未知的。因此A项（宇航员——健康与否）
适合作本文的标题。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
　　Over the years， we have discovered that our students seem to have
more success with some methods of learning new words than with
others.We’ll show you the methods we have found to be the most
successful for our students.9.（　　）
　　Basic Method 1：Seeing Is Remembering
　　Letting a new word suggest a vivid mental image to you is a powerful
and effective way to remember that word.Mental images are really
mnemonics （记忆术）， too.They help you remember.10.（　　）
When it comes to mental images， crazy is better than normal.Normal is
boring.Crazy is dramatic.
　　Basic Method 2：Etymological （词源的） Clues
　　Although the English language contains hundreds of thousands of
words， you will discover that many groups of words are related in
meaning.11.（　　） When you recognise that a group of words shares a
similar root， you will more easily remember the entire group.
　　Basic Method 3：Writing on Your Brain
　　Many people find that they can learn new information more readily if
they write it down.12.（　　） Perhaps the explanation is that by writing
you are bringing another sense into play — you’ve seen the word，
you’ve said and heard the word， and now you’re feeling the word.
　　Basic Method 4：Putting It All Together with Flash Cards and a
Notebook
　　A flash card is a simple piece of paper or cardboard with a word on
one side and a definition on the other.You may have used flash cards when
you were first learning to read， or when you were first tackling a foreign
language.13.（　　） You should also indicate the pronunciation if you
aren’t sure you’ll remember it.
A. Use the one or ones that suit you best.
B. You don’t have to write each word on a card.
C. The emphasis here is on suggestive mental pictures.
D. Why？ Because they developed from a common root.
E. Many students find it hard to remember long English words.
F. The physical act of writing seems to plant the information more firmly.
G. Most of our students write a word on one side and the definition on the
other.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章就如何背单词给我们提供了四
种方法和建议。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章就如何背单词给我们提供了四
种方法和建议。
9. A　上句提到一些背单词的好方法，本句接着建议我们“选择适合
自己的一种或多种方法”，故A项符合语境。
10. C　下句建议我们在背单词时大脑中想象一些图画，故C项（这里
强调具有暗示性的图画）符合语境。
11. D　上句指出英语中很多单词词义相互有联系，这里进一步说明
其原因是很多词汇具有相同的词根，故D项符合语境。
12. F　本段强调书写对于我们记忆单词时的巨大帮助，故F项（书写
可以将单词深深地植入我们的大脑）符合语境。
13. G　本段建议我们通过制作卡片背单词，故G项（卡片的一边写单
词，另一边写词义）符合语境。
Ⅲ.完形填空
　　One day recently， Laurie Fenby was shopping at a garage sale in
Rochester New York.As she was leaving， she noticed a 　14　 on the
ground.She looked inside and 　15　 a Jamaican driver’s license and
some cash.She tried all the usual ways to 　16　 the man， whose name
was George.
　　Her efforts were 　17　 — she couldn’t find him through Google or
Facebook.And then she asked for 　18　 through Nextdoor， a
community website.Laurie received a lot of ideas and responses.
　　But one lady 　19　 that she contact a little store that has many
Jamaican migrant workers as clients.Laurie called the 　20　 and found
that yes， indeed， there was someone named George who lost his
wallet.When George contacted her he was able to 　21　 all the contents
of the wallet and Laurie was able to return it.
　　But it didn’t stop there.Laurie asked George， “What do you and
the migrant workers 　22　？” He said they could use some warm
clothes.Laurie 　23　 contacted the next-door community and organised a
clothing drive.She 　24　 lots of T-shirts， sweatshirts， and shoes.
　　Recently Laurie was able to 　25　 George and the other migrant
workers in Rochester， and she 　26　 them to pick apples together.
　　They’re so 　27　 to Laurie and her friends.Losing the
wallet 　28　 to be a blessing in disguise — none of this community-
building or friendship would have happened if the wallet had stayed in
George’s pocket.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。Laurie Fenby无意中捡到一个钱包，
她辗转找到失主后，又发生了新的故事。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。Laurie Fenby无意中捡到一个钱包，
她辗转找到失主后，又发生了新的故事。
14. A. handbag B. wallet
C. box D. present
解析：　根据下文可知， Laurie Fenby在地上捡到一个钱包。
15. A. placed B. found
C. confirmed D. picked
解析：　Laurie Fenby在钱包里发现了一个牙买加驾照和一
些现金。
16. A. connect B. recognise
C. locate D. attract
解析：　Laurie Fenby尝试了所有常用的方法，去确定失主的位
置。locate表示“找出或指出某人/某物的准确位置或地点”。
17. A. in vain B. in case
C. in turn D. in order
解析：　根据下文可知， Laurie Fenby没有通过Google或
Facebook找到失主，因此她的努力是徒劳的。in vain表示“无结
果地； 徒劳地”。
18. A. opinions B. permission
C. choices D. advice
解析：　然后Laurie Fenby通过Nextdoor网站向网友征求意见。
19. A. realised B. considered
C. suggested D. demanded
解析：　有一位女士建议Laurie Fenby跟一家商店联系，那家商
店有一些牙买加人顾客。
20. A. store B. company
C. factory D. office
解析：　Laurie Fenby听从了那位女士的建议，给那家商店打了
电话。
21. A. predict B. identify
C. guess D. determine
解析：　失主George打来了电话，能够正确说出钱包里的物
品。identify表示“确认、证明某人或某事”。
22. A. lose B. gain C. need D. think
解析：　Laurie Fenby关心地问George和其他移民工人需要
什么。
23. A. eventually B. gradually
C. immediately D. occasionally
解析：　听了George的答复后， Laurie Fenby立刻跟附近的社区
联系，组织了一场募集衣服的活动。
24. A. received B. donated
C. collected D. produced
解析：　活动发起后， Laurie Fenby收到了很多T恤衫、运动衫
和鞋等。
25. A. invite B. know
C. influence D. meet
解析：　最近Laurie Fenby和George以及其他移民工人见了面。
26. A. joined B. allowed
C. affected D. advised
解析：　Laurie Fenby加入了George和其他移民工人，跟他们一
起摘苹果。
27. A. polite B. patient
C. sensitive D. grateful
解析：　由于Laurie Fenby不仅归还了George的钱包，而且还帮
助了其他工人，因此他们对她非常感激。
28. A. turned out B. went over
C. took off D. gave away
解析：　对George来说，丢失钱包结果是塞翁失马，坏事变成
了好事。turn out 表示“结果是”；a blessing in disguise 表示“塞
翁失马；因祸得福”。
Ⅳ.语法填空
　　So far， the Internet 29. 　　 （bring） us great convenience.To a
certain extent， we can hardly live without it.30. 　　， it also raises all
sorts of questions： when surfing the Internet， how can we protect
ourselves？ How can we use the Internet 31. 　　 （responsible）？ The
following guidelines may show you how to live in the digital world.
　　Above all else， you should use the Internet in a safe way.You must
always be careful about which sites 32. 　　 （trust）.One wrong click
may damage your computer and remove all your computer files！
Therefore， before visiting a web page， always check for signs that warn
people of danger.Another tip is to keep your personal information
private， 33. 　　 （include） your phone number， address and email
account.
　　You also need to show respect when communicating with other online
users.Leave 34. 　　 （comment） politely and treat others 35. 　　 way
you would like to be treated.Though the majority of online users 36. 　　
（be） nice and friendly， there might be some users who make you feel
37. 　　 （comfort） online.In such cases， be aware that you always
have the right to say no and cut off contact.Remember that relationships
you establish in the digital world are just the same 38. 　　 those you have
in real life.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章就如何在网络世界中生活提出
了建议。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章就如何在网络世界中生活提出
了建议。
29. has brought　根据So far可知，此处应用现在完成时。主语the
Internet为第三人称单数。故填has brought。
30. However/Nevertheless　空后的it also raises all sorts of questions和
上文构成转折关系，且空后有逗号，所以应用副词however或
nevertheless，表示“然而”，句首首字母应大写。故填
However/Nevertheless。
31. responsibly　修饰动词use应用副词。故填responsibly。
32. to trust　“疑问词＋to do”在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、宾语
补足语等句子成分。此处在句中作介词about的宾语。故填to trust。
ments　comment意为“评论”，为可数名词，此处表示泛
指，所以应用复数形式。故填comments。
35. the　名词way被定语从句you would like to be treated修饰，所以是
特指。故填the。
33. including　your personal information包括your phone number，
address and email account，故填介词including。
36. are　主语the majority of online users为复数，且此处描述客观事
实，所以应用一般现在时。故填are。
37. uncomfortable　根据上文Though可知，前后句意相反，所以此处
是指可能有一些用户让你在网上感到不舒服，所以应用形容词作系动
词feel的表语。故填uncomfortable。
38. as　the same as意为“与……相同”，为固定搭配。根据语境可
知，此处是指在网络中的关系和现实生活中的关系是相同的。故填as。
谢谢观看！

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