资源简介

Section Ⅱ　Grammar and usage
维度一：基础题型练
用动词不定式改写下列句子。
1.Jake’s intention was that he would impress the guests with desserts.
→Jake’s intention 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.（作表语）
2. The search for a frying pan suitable for my kitchen is tiring.
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 is tiring.（作主语）
3.The chef added some herbs to the soup so that the flavour would be enhanced.
→The chef added some herbs to the soup 　　　　　　　　　　　　.（作状语）
4.I consider the Soup of the Day as the best option on the menu.
→I consider the Soup of the Day 　　　　　　　　　　　on the menu.（作宾语补足语）
5.The next dish that the cook prepare is Kung Pao Chicken.
→The next dish 　　　　　　　　　　　　　is Kung Pao Chicken.（作定语）
维度二：语法与写作
用动词不定式形式完成下列句子。
1.It isn’t right for us 　　　　　　　　　.
我们半途而废是不对的。
2.　　　　　　　　　　　　 is useful for our health.
做早操对我们的健康有用。
3.It’s important for us 　　　　　　　　　　.
对我们来说，学好英语是重要的。
4.My idea is 　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
我的想法是从北面爬山。
5.He hurried to the station， only 　　　　　　　.
他匆匆赶往车站，却发现火车已经开走了。
维度三：语法与语篇
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
　　For the first 18 years of my life， my mom 1.　　　　 （cook） Chinese food every day — dumplings， Kung Pao Chicken， and fried spring rolls， all served family-style. But when it came time to teach myself how 2.　　　　 （cook）， I didn’t ask my mom for help. Instead， I turned to the Internet 3.　　　　 （look） for online recipes. And after I started my own family， I threw myself into 4.　　　　 （cook） as much as possible. To be honest， it is easy for me 5.　　　　 （cook） steaks for my family. What I didn’t really know how to cook at all， however， was Chinese food. Part of the reason was that the number of English-language recipes for Chinese dishes was extremely 6.　　　　 （limit）.
　　That was the experience， too， for sisters Sarah and Kaitlin Leung. So， in 2013， the Leungs started a food blog named The Woks of Life， whose aim was 7.　　　　 （introduce） recipes for Chinese dishes. It has not only taught me 8.　　　　 （make） delicious Chinese dishes but also helped me closely connect with Chinese culture.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
　　Breadfruit is a traditional staple （主食） crop from the Pacific islands with the potential to improve worldwide food security. While people have survived on it for thousands of years， there was a lack of basic scientific knowledge of the health impacts of a breadfruit-based diet in both humans and animals. Now the fruit is getting the nutritional thumbs up from a team of British Columbia researchers.
　　Breadfruit can be harvested， dried and made into a flour. For the project， researchers had four breadfruits from the same tree in Hawaii， shipped to the Murch Lab at UBC Okanagan. Ying Liu led the study examining the digestion and health impact of a breadfruit-based diet.
　　“We wanted to contribute to the development of breadfruit as a sustainable， environmentally friendly and high-production crop，” Liu says. The researchers designed a series of studies that could provide data on the impacts of a breadfruit-based diet fed to mice and also an enzyme （酶） digestion model.
　　The researchers determined that breadfruit protein was found to be easier to digest than wheat protein in the enzyme digestion model. And mice fed the breadfruit diet had a significantly higher growth rate and body weight than standard diet-fed mice. Liu also noted mice on the breadfruit diet had a significantly higher daily water consumption compared to mice on the wheat diet.
　　Fundamental understanding of the health impact of breadfruit digestion and diets is necessary and essential to the establishment of breadfruit as a staple in the future. “Overall， these studies support the use of breadfruit as part of a healthy， nutritionally balanced diet，” says Liu. The use of breadfruit could make inroads in food sustainability for many populations globally. Liu suggests if a person ate the same amount of cooked breadfruit they can meet up to nearly 57 per cent of their daily fibre requirement，more than 34 per cent of their protein requirement and at the same time consume vitamin C， iron， calcium and other elements.
1.What do the underlined words “thumbs up” mean in the first paragraph？
A.Requirement.　　　　 B.Benefit.
C.Reflection. D.Acceptance.
2.What is the purpose of Liu’s study on breadfruit？
A.To help those Pacific islanders.
B.To prove the value of the food.
C.To promote the food worldwide.
D.To develop a new type of diet.
3.What is Paragraph 4 mainly about？
A.The research method.
B.The research focuses.
C.The research process.
D.The research findings.
4.What can be inferred about breadfruit from the last paragraph？
A.It will take the place of wheat.
B.It is superior to other foods.
C.It can help ease food shortage.
D.It needs further improvement.
B
　　After a difficult academic year， we all deserve a wonderful summer holiday， a time for relaxation and celebration. Of course， a big part of any celebration involves food.Many of my holidays， birthdays， days out and good memories are defined by the amazing food that was involved.The sunny weather and long days bring with it a whole selection of meals， recipes and snacks to be enjoyed.
　　The first thing that summer calls for is a barbecue. Although I don’t have a barbecue at home， a portable barbecue will do the trick and this means that you can enjoy a slightly charred burger wherever you are. Picnics are also a must for summer and I often find they are the most fun when treated like a potluck， with each person bringing along their personal favourites. Cocktail sausages and mini Scotch eggs are always my guilty pleasures. As someone from the Suffolk coast， fish and chips are essential. It truly feels like summer when I sit on the beach with chips wrapped in paper on my lap. The coast is the best place to get a seafood treat with fish being caught fresh daily. Besides， you can finish your day with a walk along the beach. Finally， we can’t forget the drinks. A jug of Pimm’s in the sun， well balanced by lemonade and summer fruits， is always delicious. And I find that nothing reminds me more of post-exam celebrations than a pint in a beer garden.
　　The thing about summer food is that it often becomes food associated with summer memories. Picnics， barbecues， and fish and chips on the beach are more than just delicious meals － they are a way to socialize and have fun with friends and family. Part of the fun comes from lazing in the sun afterwards， swimming in the sea， and playing heartily， which is why our food memories are so powerful.
5.According to the author， what makes a picnic most enjoyable？
A.Gathering with friends.
B.Sharing delicious foods.
C.Enjoying seafood treats.
D.Introducing different recipes.
6.Which of the following can best explain the underlined word “portable” in Paragraph 2？
A.Multifunctional. B.Automatic.
C.Easy to carry. D.Simple to operate.
7.What is the most likely to make the author recall post-exam celebrations？
A.Having a barbecue at home.
B.Taking a walk along the beach.
C.Getting a seafood treat on the coast.
D.Enjoying some Pimm’s in a beer garden.
8.In which part of a newspaper can you most probably read the text？
A.Travel and holiday.
B.Food and lifestyle.
C.Sports and fitness.
D.Education and schooling.
C
　　Africa Water Week — nearly one billion people around the world have no access to drinking water，that lack of clean water association with unproper hygiene （卫生） and shortage of toilets kills 3.3 million a year. And this is a common problem in many parts of the developing world， but its effect is not widely known， according to experts at the Pulitzer Center on Crisis Reporting.
　　As part of the World Water Day tradition， the center is screening films about international water issues at the Environmental Film Festival in Washington，D.C.The films describe a variety of conflicts over water.
　　“The challenge in presenting these films，” says Peter Sawyer， project coordinator at the Pulitzer Center on Crisis Reporting， “is to share with a wider audience the urgent issues surrounding water.”“Our goal for this screening is to just get these issues out there，” he says. “We don’t feel that they attract public attention and we think that they should because they are really important.”
　　In Dhaka’s Challenge， film-maker Stephen Sapienza explores one of the fastest growing cities in Asia.He says one-third of the 15 million people in the Bangladeshi capital live in places where safe water is limited.Each year 400，000 newcomers join Dhaka’s urban poor. City water from Dhaka’s Water and Sewer Authority （WASA） comes at a price， available only to land owners. The film records how a non-profit group helped change the law to give the same equal water rights to the urban poor.
　　Diabalok Sing Ha， who is the group’s founder， said， “A win-win situation actually occurred because Dhaka WASA wanted their incomes and on the other hand，poor people wanted the service and they immediately see the economic advantage of getting Dhaka WASA water supply because that is cheap， so they immediately buy in.”
　　“My story was just trying to point out that these problems are solvable on some level even if you have to start small and it’s possible in the long run to save many lives，” says Sapienza.
9.Which of the following is the main purpose of the films？
A.To show the number of people lacking clean water.
B.To let more people know the serious water problems.
C.To attract people to pay attention to the world conflicts.
D.To get people to have a good knowledge of water.
10.What does Paragraph 4 mainly talk about？
A.Ways to get cheap water.
B.The film Dhaka’s Challenge.
C.Film-maker Stephen Sapienza.
D.A non-profit group.
11.Which of the following does Diabalok Sing Ha agree with？
A.Most people can’t afford the water supply.
B.Rich people in Dhaka will buy in at once.
C.Poor people in Dhaka need the service of water.
D.Dhaka WASA will soon see the economic advantage.
12.What does Sapienza intend to tell us by making the film Dhaka’s Challenge？
A.The problem of water can possibly be solved.
B.All the people cannot get city water from WASA.
C.A win-win situation is expected by every film-maker.
D.Dhaka WASA is very popular with the local people.
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
　　Throwing a party is a great way to get all your favourite people in one place for music， conversation，of course， food.　13　， when you are the one planning the party. Not to worry； your planning will be a breeze if you plan ahead of time and take the process course by course， from appetizers （开胃菜） to desserts.
　　Ask your guests about food restrictions before you start preparing food.For guests with food allergies or on diets，ask them to make their own restrictions clear. And ask if any guests are vegetarians and provide dishes accordingly.　14　.
　　Choose an appetizer-only meal for a relaxing inexpensive party. You’ll save money and preparation time， and be able to socialize more with your guests.　15　，so guests aren’t thrown off when no main course is served.You’ll want to offer your guests some variety of taste in your appetizers for a more satisfying meal.
　　　16　. If your appetizers are just the start of a more formal meal with a main course， you keep it a bit simpler. Plan just a few handful of chips and a couple of cookies for your each guest，if you’re serving a main course afterwards.
　　Prepare fruits and vegetables. Many guests will want a fresh， healthy option to start off a meal. A fruit tray or veggie platter with carrots， cucumbers，and broccoli is an easy and colourful addition to your appetizer spread.　17　. Besides， you’d better offer quick snacks like nuts， or chips.
A.Serve a substantial main course if necessary
B.Serve light， simple snacks before a main course
C.You should detail it on the invitation that only appetizers will be served
D.So you should make thoughtful preparations for each of your guests
E.It’s a good idea to have a few vegetarian options available
F.But it can be stressful to prepare food for guests with all different preferences
G.Look for ripe fruits and fresh vegetables that are in season for the best tasting ingredients
13.　　　　　　14.　　　　　　15.　　　　
16.　　　 17.　　　
Ⅲ.完形填空
　　Aaron Fotheringham wants people to see their daily challenges in a new way. He believes they are not challenges but 　18　 to think differently. He 　19　 strongly about this because he was born with spina bifida （脊柱裂） and can’t move his legs.
　　His parents always encouraged him to be as 　20　 as possible， even if that meant he had to think of new ways to deal with his disability. So， in school， Fotheringham 　21　 to take the easier physical education classes. When the other students ran a mile， he would wheel quickly to 　22　 them.
　　He loved the 　23　 of extreme sports. He realized his wheelchair could be an instrument for 　24　 rather than just a medical device. Once， his older brother took him to a skate park， where Fotheringham first 　25　 to do a trick in his chair， but he fell hard.It hurt. But he realized he 　26　 something he loved to do — even though it would be 　27　 to learn.
　　Fotheringham learned to do daring stunts （特技表演）. After a lot of 　28　， the next year， he landed the first wheelchair backflip （后空翻）. After posting his backflip on the Internet， his 　29　 changed；Fotheringham’s backflip went viral！ Since then， he’s performed record-breaking stunts all over the world.
　　Beyond 　30　， Fotheringham also shows younger disabled people how to use their wheelchairs in different， fun ways. His 　31　 is to inspire them to see their disability as a positive thing. He wants more people to experience the 　32　 he has gotten from learning these daring stunts.
18.A.requirements　　　B.opportunities
C.decisions D.choices
19.A.feels B.argues
C.doubts D.protests
20.A.selfless B.generous
C.confident D.independent
21.A.expected B.planned
C.refused D.offered
22.A.take care of B.keep up with
C.make up for D.take hold of
23.A.honor B.function
C.knowledge D.excitement
24.A.fun B.luck
C.wealth D.help
25.A.happened B.regretted
C.tried D.waited
26.A.ignored B.found
C.created D.protected
27.A.difficult B.possible
C.boring D.necessary
28.A.treatment B.preparations
C.studies D.practice
29.A.health B.belief
C.life D.style
30.A.traveling B.performing
C.competing D.teaching
31.A.step B.tip
C.goal D.request
32.A.joy B.art
C.freedom D.courage
Ⅳ.语法填空
　　Encouraging your children to eat fruit and vegetables is one of the 　33　 （hard） parts of parenting. Not for Charlotte Travers， though.
　　Ms Travers， 32， noticed her son Thomas was becoming a strange shade of yellow and 　34　 （take） him to their family doctor for tests.
　　The family were then surprised 　35　 （discover） that the problem was caused by the six-year-old’s love of eating oranges — sometimes a bag a day. Medical tests didn’t show anything serious， but did flag up unusually high levels of beta-carotene （β-胡萝卜素）， 　36　 is found in particularly orange-coloured foods.
　　Ms Travers told DevonLive：“He started turning yellow and I got quite 　37　 （worry） because it can be a sign of liver or kidney （肾） failure. I thought I’d take him to the doctor just 　38　 case.”
　　“At first the doctor said the main symptom （症状） of liver or kidney failure was yellow 　39　 （eye）， which Thomas didn’t have. She said sometimes children can just get stained （满是污痕的） skin from playing in 　40　 sand， but this was more than that — so we did blood tests to rule anything out but they all came back normal.”
　　Ms Travers then revealed to the doctor about her son’s extreme 　41　 （eat） habits. It was 　42　 （final） determined by the doctor that the boy’s skin colour was a direct result of his love of oranges.
33.　　　　　　34.　　　　　　35.　　　　
36.　　　 37.　　　 38.　　　
39.　　　 40.　　　 41.　　　
42.　　　
Section Ⅱ　Grammar and usage
基础知识自测
维度一
1.was to impress the guests with desserts
2.To search for a frying pan suitable for my kitchen
3.to enhance the flavour
4.to be the best option
5.to be prepared by the cook
维度二
1.to stop half way
2.To do morning exercises
3.to learn English well
4.to climb the mountain from the north
5.to find the train had left
维度三
1.cooked　2.to cook　3.to look　4.cooking　5.to cook
6.limited　7.to introduce　8.to make
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项关于面包果的研究，研究结果支持将面包果作为健康、营养均衡饮食的一部分。这一研究发现可以帮助缓解食物紧张的问题。
1.D　词义猜测题。根据第一段中的While people have survived on it ...diet in both humans and animals.可知，在过去，人们缺乏关于面包果对健康的影响的科学知识。而画线词语所在句则说明现在的情况，与过去进行对比。 由此推知，现在面包果的营养价值得到了研究人员的认可。thumbs up意为“赞同，接受”。
2.B　推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句以及第三段第一句可推知，Liu研究面包果的目的是证明这种食物的价值。
3.D　段落大意题。根据第四段内容可知，这一段主要介绍了研究的发现，即面包果蛋白质比小麦蛋白质更容易消化，而且被喂食面包果的老鼠比普通喂养的老鼠发育更快，日消耗水量更多。
4.C　推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句以及第三句可知，面包果在未来可能会被作为主食，对全球的食物维持能力有帮助。由此可知，C项（它可以帮助缓解食物短缺）符合题意。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者分享了自己印象深刻的夏季美食，并认为享用美食的过程也是与朋友和家人社交和娱乐的一种方式。
5.B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的Picnics are also a must for summer ...along their personal favourites.可知，野餐时人人都带上自己喜欢的食物在一起分享，这是作者认为野餐最有趣的部分。
6.C　词义猜测题。根据画线词下文中的you can enjoy a slightly charred burger wherever you are可知，在任何地方你都可以吃到略微烤焦的汉堡包。由此可推知，这个烤架是可以随身携带的。portable表示“便于携带的”，与Easy to carry意思一致。
7.D　细节理解题。根据第二段中的Finally， we can’t forget the drinks ...And I find that nothing reminds me more of post-exam celebrations than a pint in a beer garden.可知，在啤酒花园里享用皮姆酒最有可能让作者回忆起考试后的庆祝活动。
8.B　文章出处题。根据第一段中的Of course， a big part of any celebration involves food.以及下文作者分享的几种自己喜欢的美食可知，本文主要讲述了生活中的食物。因此本文最可能出现在报纸的“食物和生活方式”版块。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章通过世界水日的传统电影展向更多人揭露了世界各地近十亿人无法获得饮用水和清洁水源的问题并提出可能解决的方案。
9.B　细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句中的but its effect is not widely known可知，缺水问题的影响并未广为人知。第三段中的The challenge in presenting these films ...issues out there说明电影节的目的就是要让更多的人了解缺水带来的一系列问题。
10.B　段落大意题。根据第四段内容可知，作者在本段主要介绍了电影Dhaka’s Challenge的背景和主要内容。
11.C　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中poor people wanted the service可知，穷人非常需要获得干净的水。
12.A　推理判断题。根据最后一段中Sapienza说的话可知，拍摄电影Dhaka’s Challenge的目的是说明水的问题是有可能被解决的。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何准备聚会的食物。
13.F　根据下文Not to worry； your planning will be a breeze if you plan ahead of time and take the process course by course， from appetizers （开胃菜） to desserts.可知，空处应描述准备聚会食物是一个难题。F项符合语境。
14.E　根据空前一句可知，需要询问客人是否只吃素食，并提供相应的菜肴，所以要准备一些素食。E项符合语境。
15.C　根据空前两句可知，举办只有开胃菜的聚会有很多好处，结合空后so guests aren’t thrown off when no main course is served可知，虽然举办只有开胃菜的聚会有很多好处，但是也要将这一情况告知客人，否则会吓跑客人。C项符合语境。
16.B　根据本段中的Plan just a few handful of chips and a couple of cookies for your each guest，if you’re serving a main course afterwards.可知，本段是讲上主食前提供一些简单的小吃。B项符合语境。
17.G　根据空前一句可知，一个水果盘或蔬菜盘是添加到开胃菜里的一个简单且丰富多彩的选择，所以要选择应季的成熟水果和新鲜蔬菜。G项符合语境。
Ⅲ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。Aaron Fotheringham天生残疾，但喜欢极限运动，他因在轮椅上做后空翻动作后走红，之后在世界各地进行了破纪录的特技表演。
18.B　根据上文可知，Fotheringham希望人们以一种新的方式看待日常挑战，他认为这些挑战并非挑战，而是以不同的方式进行思考的机会。
19.A　根据空后的because he was born with spina bifida （脊柱裂） and can’t move his legs以及倒数第二段中的the next year， he landed the first wheelchair backflip可知，Fotheringham天生残疾，但他经过努力成功挑战后空翻。由此推断，他对“视挑战为机遇”这一点深有感触。
20.D　Fotheringham天生残疾，双腿不能活动，他的父母总是鼓励他尽可能自立。
21.C　根据本段中的When the other students ran a mile， he would wheel quickly和倒数第二段中的Fotheringham learned to do daring stunts可知，Fotheringham喜欢挑战自己。由此推断，他拒绝参加较为容易的体育课程，在别的同学跑步时，他也坐着轮椅快速追赶。
22.B　参见上题解析。
23.D　根据本段内容可知，Fotheringham第一次尝试极限运动时就喜欢上了这类运动带来的刺激。
24.A　根据空后的rather than just a medical device和最后一段中的Fotheringham also shows younger disabled people how to use their wheelchairs in different， fun ways可知，Fotheringham成功地做到了以不同的、有趣的方式使用轮椅。由此推断，他不只把他的轮椅看成是一种医疗设备，他认为轮椅也可以是一种能给他带来快乐的工具。
25.C　根据空前的first和空后的to do a trick in his chair， but he fell hard. It hurt可知，Fotheringham第一次尝试在轮椅上做花样动作。
26.B　根据空前的But和空后的something he loved to do可知，Fotheringham第一次尝试失败，但他意识到他发现了自己喜欢做的事情。
27.A　根据本段中的do a trick in his chair， but he fell hard和下一段中的the next year， he landed the first wheelchair backflip可知，学会在轮椅上做花样动作并不容易。
28.D　根据空后的the next year， he landed the first wheelchair backflip可知，Fotheringham在第二年才完成了第一个轮椅后空翻，这说明他经过了大量的练习。
29.C　根据空后两句可知，Fotheringham在互联网上发布了他做后空翻的动作，结果一下走红，之后他的生活发生了改变，他去世界各地表演特技。
30.B　根据上一段中的he’s performed record-breaking stunts all over the world和本段中的Beyond可知，除了表演，Fotheringham还向年轻的残疾人展示如何以不同的、有趣的方式使用轮椅。
31.C　空后的to inspire them to see their disability as a positive thing是Fotheringham的目标。
32.A　Fotheringham喜欢做大胆的特技表演，他从中得到了很多乐趣，他希望更多的人能体会到这种乐趣。
Ⅳ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了一个男孩因为太爱吃橙子而皮肤变黄。
33.hardest　考查形容词的最高级。根据空前的one of以及语境可知，鼓励孩子多吃水果和蔬菜是养育子女时最难的事情之一，故填hard的最高级hardest。
34.took　考查动词的时态。根据语境可知，此处描述发生在过去的事情，应用一般过去时，故填took。
35.to discover　考查非谓语动词。设空处作原因状语，应用动词不定式，故填to discover。
36.which　考查定语从句。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，补充说明beta-carotene，且在从句中作主语，故填which。
37.worried　考查形容词。设空处作表语，意为“担心的”，应用形容词，故填worried。
38.in　考查介词。just in case以防万一。
39.eyes　考查名词复数。eye意为“眼睛”时，是可数名词，设空处与yellow连用，表示泛指，指发黄的眼睛，故填eyes。
40.the　考查冠词。play in the sand在沙子上玩。
41.eating　考查非谓语动词。设空处作定语，与habits连用，指饮食习惯，故填eating。
42.finally　考查副词。设空处作状语，修饰动词determined，应用副词，故填finally。
7 / 7Section Ⅱ　Grammar and usage
动词不定式作主语和表语
1.Not that long ago， my first thought at mealtimes was to eat at a restaurant.
2.To eat out was also a social activity， allowing me to enhance the relationship with my friends.
3.There are a variety of recipes in the app to choose from.
4.When I picked a popular recipe and gave it a try， I discovered that it was not that difficult to make a simple and tasty dish.
5.My plan is to invite my friends over at the weekend to show them my new-found skills.
【我的发现】
（1）以上句子中的加黑部分作主语的有句　　　　； 作表语的有句　　　　。
（2）句3中的加黑部分在句子中作　　　　。
（3）句5中的 to show them my new-found skills 作　　　　。
　　动词不定式是英语动词的非谓语形式之一，形式上由“to＋动词原形”构成。动词不定式仍保留着动词的部分特性，可以跟宾语和状语构成动词不定式短语，有时态和语态的变化。句法功能上，动词不定式（短语）与名词、形容词或副词作用类似，在句子中可以充当主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语、宾语补足语等成分。
一、动词不定式的时态和语态
　 语态 时态　 主动 被动
一般式 to do to be done
进行式 to be doing
完成式 to have done to have been done
1.动词不定式的一般式：表示动词不定式的动作与谓语动词同时（或几乎同时）发生或在谓语所表示的动作之后发生。
I hope to see you next week.
我希望下周能见到你。
2.动词不定式的进行式：表示动词不定式的动作正在进行且与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生。
I happened to be watching TV when she called.
她打电话来时，我恰巧正在看电视。
3.动词不定式的完成式：表示动词不定式的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。
They seem to have cleaned the house.
他们似乎已经打扫过这个房子了。
The factory is reported to have been burnt down.
据报道，这家工厂已经被烧毁了。
4.当动词不定式的逻辑主语是动词不定式的承受者时，用被动语态
I’d like to be told what’s going on.
我希望被告知正在发生什么。
The book is said to have been translated into English.
据说这本书已被翻译成英文。
二、动词不定式作主语
1.当动词不定式作主语时，一般表示具体的或一次性的动作。作主语的动词不定式有时态和语态的变化，且谓语动词常用单数。
To get there by bike will take us half an hour.
骑自行车到那儿将花费我们半个小时的时间。
To make up for lost time is not possible.
要弥补失去的时光是不可能的。
2.若动词不定式太长，则往往用it代替动词不定式作形式主语，动词不定式移至谓语之后，以使句子结构平衡。其常见句型有以下四种：
（1）It＋be＋名词＋to do sth
It’s our duty to take good care of the old.
照顾老人是我们的责任。
（2）It＋be＋形容词＋for/of sb＋to do sth
①It＋be＋形容词＋for sb to do sth意为“做某事对某人而言是……的”。该句式中的形容词多是说明性的，不用来指人或物的品质、特性，如difficult、 easy、 hard、 important、 dangerous、 impossible等。
②It＋be＋形容词＋of sb to do sth意为“某人做某事是……的”。该句式中的形容词用以叙述人的个性、品质，如kind、 good、 nice、 clever、 careless、 polite、 foolish等。
It is necessary for everyone to make plans for the future.
每个人都有必要为未来的生活做计划。
It is stupid of you to write down everything （that） the teacher says.
你把老师说的所有东西都记下来的行为是很愚蠢的。
（3）It takes sb some time to do sth意为“做某事花费某人多长时间”。
How long did it take you to finish the work？
你花了多长时间完成这项工作的？
（4）It seems （appears）＋形容词＋to do sth
It seemed impossible to finish the work on time.
看上去不可能按时完成这项工作。
【即时演练1】　单句语法填空/完成句子
①It is difficult for us 　　　　　　（finish） the composition in a quarter of an hour.
②　　　　　　 （finish） this job in one day is impossible.
③It is a great honour 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
被邀请到你家做客真的是太荣幸了。
④It takes a long time 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
准备家常饭需要花很长时间。
三、动词不定式作表语
1.动词不定式作表语，通常说明主语的内容。从时间概念上说表示将来的动作。主语一般是wish、 idea、 work、 task、 job、 duty、 aim等词。
Her greatest wish is to see her parents again.
她最大的愿望是能够再见到父母。
My dream is to be a doctor.
＝To be a doctor is my dream.
我的梦想是成为一名医生。
2.当主语部分含有实义动词 do 的某种形式时，作表语的动词不定式可以省略 to。
All I did was （to） turn off the gas.
我所做的就是把煤气关掉。
All we could do was （to） go back home.
我们所能做的就是回家。
All I want to do now is （to） have a rest.
我现在只想休息一下。
【即时演练2】　单句语法填空
①My task is 　　　　　　（show） you around our newly-built library.
②Her wish is 　　　　　　（become） an engineer.
③What he hoped was 　　　　　　　　（admit） into the university.
④All that he could do was 　　　　　　（comfort） her.
四、动词不定式的其他用法
1.作宾语：动词不定式作宾语通常直接放在谓语动词afford、 refuse、 decide、 agree等之后；还常用it作形式宾语，而把真正的宾语——动词不定式置于句末。
Would you like to watch a football game with me？
你愿意跟我去看一场足球赛吗？
I found it necessary to talk to him again.
我觉得有必要再和他谈谈。
2.作宾语补足语：常跟动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有allow、 advise、 ask、 encourage、 expect、 force、 get、 invite、 order、 remind、 teach、 tell等。
My mum asks me to play the piano two hours every day.
妈妈让我每天弹两小时钢琴。
3.作定语：动词不定式一般置于被修饰词之后作后置定语，不及物动词需要加上介词。
He is always the last one to leave the office.
他总是最后一个离开办公室。
We are very busy and we all have a lot of work to do on weekends.
我们都很忙，周末也有很多工作要做。
4.作状语：动词不定式作状语主要表示目的、结果、原因等。
We were very excited to hear the news.
听到这个消息我们非常兴奋。
He hurried to the school only to find nobody there.
他匆匆赶到学校，却发现那里没有人。
【即时演练3】　完成句子
①We agreed 　　　　　　　　but so far she hasn’t turned up yet.
我们约好在此地见面，但是她到现在还没有露面。
②Columbus was 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
哥伦布是第一个发现美洲的人。
③The teacher advised us 　　　　　　　　　　　　.
老师建议我们先休息一下。
④The doctor did everything he could 　　　　　　　　　　　　.
这位医生竭尽全力抢救病人。
Part Ⅰ　核心词汇集释
throw oneself into 投身于，热衷于
【教材原句】　In the last few weeks， I’ve thrown myself into home cooking， from boiling noodles in the pot to frying steak in the pan.
在过去的几周里，我全身心投入家庭烹饪中，从在锅里煮面条到在煎锅里煎牛排。
【用法】
throw away　　　　扔掉；浪费掉；放过
throw back 扔回；阻止；使重新依靠；反射
throw cold water on 泼冷水
throw in the towel 认输，投降
throw off （从……）扔开，去掉（伪装），摆脱掉，散发出
throw up 呕出（食物）
【佳句】　Having received the support from her family， Judy throws herself into writing.
在得到家人的支持后，朱迪全身心投入写作中。
【练透】　用throw的相关短语填空
①The old woman feels like she is going to 　　　　　　what she has eaten all the time.
②I should know by now not to 　　　　　　the directions until we’ve finished cooking.
③Only if you 　　　　　　　　　　your studies will you ultimately achieve your long-term goal.
【写美】　完成句子
④I don’t want to 　　　　　　　　　　　　your ideas， but I think you are over-optimistic.
我不想对你的想法泼冷水，不过我认为你过于乐观了。
impress vt.& vi.使钦佩，给……留下深刻印象；使意识到
【教材原句】　As long as you are not afraid of heights， you will be impressed by Sky Buffet， the latest restaurant in the city centre.
只要你不怕高，市中心最新的天空自助餐厅会给你留下深刻印象。
【用法】
（1）impress ...on ... 把……印在……上
impress sth on/upon sb＝impress sb with ... 使某人牢记某事
be impressed by/with ... 对……印象深刻
What impressed sb is/was that ... 使某人印象深刻的是……
（2）impression n. 印象；感想
leave/make/create a/an ...impression on sb 给某人留下一个……的印象
（3）impressive adj.给人深刻印象的；令人钦佩的
【佳句】　My parents impressed on me the importance of receiving a good education.
我父母使我认识到接受良好教育的重要性。
【点津】　impress不能用于impress sb sth结构，其间接宾语由介词on/upon引出，impress也不用于进行时。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①She made a favourable impression 　　　　his parents.
②The film’s special effects are particularly 　　　　　　（impress）.
③　　　　　　 （impress） by the beautiful scenery of South Island ， I forgot to go back home in time.
④My first 　　　　　　（impress） of the boy was favourable.
【写美】　一句多译
⑤这个女孩灵巧的双手给我们留下了深刻的印象。
→The girl 　　　　　　　　　　　　her skillful hands.
→The girl’s skillful hands 　　　　　　us.
→We 　　　　　　　　　　　　the girl’s skillful hands.
out of this world 好（或美等）得不得了，非凡，呱呱叫
【教材原句】　The mooncake is always my favourite because of its satisfying taste that is out of this world and the happy memories it brings to mind.
月饼一直是我的最爱，因为它令人满意的口味是超凡脱俗的，它给我带来了美好的回忆。
【用法】
（1）out of breath　　　 上气不接下气
out of balance 失去平衡
out of date 过时
out of patience 不耐烦
out of control/hand 失去控制
out of place 不得体
out of shape 变形的，走样的
out of work 失业
（2）in the world 在世界上；到底，究竟
all over the world 全世界，普天下
【佳句】　The view from the top is out of this world.
从顶部看去，景色真是美极了。
【练透】　用out of的相关短语填空
①By the time I got to the top of the hill， I was quite 　　　　　　　　.
②We eventually ran 　　　　　　　　with his childish behaviour.
③The boy is wild and completely 　　　　　　　　.
④I think what he says is 　　　　　　.
⑤Look！ The front wheel of the bicycle was 　　　　　　.
【写美】　完成句子
⑥I was depressed； my life seemed completely 　　　　　　　　.
我情绪低落；我的生活彻底失去了平衡。
Part Ⅱ　重点句型解构
句型公式：no wonder （that） ...难怪……
【教材原句】　No wonder people say nothing beats home cooking！难怪人们说，什么都比不上家常菜！
【用法】
（1）It’s no wonder that ...＝No wonder that ...
　 　　　　　　　　难怪……
work/do wonders 创造奇迹
It’s a wonder that ... 令人惊讶的是……
in wonder 目瞪口呆地；惊异地
（2）wonder at 对……惊讶
wonder to do ... 想做……
【品悟】　It’s no wonder that you are tired； you’ve been working for five hours.
难怪你感到疲劳；你已经连续工作5个小时了。
【写美】　完成句子
①Drinking cold lemonade may also 　　　　　　　　　.
喝冷的柠檬汽水也会有很好的效果。
②　　　　　　　　　 he should survive the terrible car accident.
在那次可怕的车祸中他竟然幸存了下来，真是一个奇迹。
③The children looked up 　　　　　　at the big elephant. 孩子们惊异地抬头看那头大象。
④　　　　　　　　 she was so upset.
难怪她如此心烦意乱。
句型公式：in order that引导目的状语从句
【教材原句】　We will put the potatoes in the pot first in order that they will be cooked quickly.
我们先把土豆放进锅里，这样土豆很快就会熟。
【用法】
（1）表示目的的状语从句可以由in order that （为了；以便）、 that （以便）、 so that （以便）、 lest （免得；唯恐）、 in case （以防）、 for fear that （生怕；以免）等引导。
（2）引导目的状语从句的so that 可以用in order that 替换，意义无甚差别；若主句和从句的主语一致，还可以用so as to或in order to将其转换为简单句。
【写美】　句型转换
①We stayed in Beijing so that/in order that we could visit the Bird’s Nest.
→We stayed in Beijing 　　　　　　　　visit the Bird’s Nest.
②We will do everything for them to live happily.
→We will do everything 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　live happily.
Section Ⅱ　Grammar and usage
【重难语法·要攻克】
我的发现
（1）2、4　1、5　（2）后置定语　（3）目的状语
即时演练1
①to finish　②To finish　③to be invited to your family　④to prepare for home-cooked meals
即时演练2
①to show　②to become　③to be admitted
④（to） comfort
即时演练3
①to meet here　②the first person to discover America
③to have a rest first　④to save the patient
【核心知识·巧突破】
Part Ⅰ
1.①throw up　②throw away　③throw yourself into
④throw cold water on
2.①on　②impressive　③Impressed　④impression
⑤impressed us deeply with； left/made a deep impression on； were deeply impressed with/by
3.①out of breath　②out of patience　③out of control/hand
④out of place　⑤out of shape　⑥out of balance
Part Ⅱ
1.①work/do wonders　②It is a wonder that　③in wonder
④No wonder （that）
2.①so as to/in order to　②in order that/so that they can
1 / 7(共107张PPT)
Section Ⅱ　
Grammar and usage
1
重难语法·要攻克
目 录
2
核心知识·巧突破
3
课时检测·提能力
重难语法·要攻克
掌握核心语法
1
动词不定式作主语和表语
1. Not that long ago， my first thought at mealtimes was to eat at a
restaurant.
2. To eat out was also a social activity， allowing me to enhance the
relationship with my friends.
3. There are a variety of recipes in the app to choose from.
4. When I picked a popular recipe and gave it a try， I discovered that it
was not that difficult to make a simple and tasty dish.
5. My plan is to invite my friends over at the weekend to show them my
new-found skills.
【我的发现】
（1）以上句子中的加蓝部分作主语的有句 ； 作表语的有
句 。
（2）句3中的加蓝部分在句子中作 。
（3）句5中的 to show them my new-found skills 作 。
2、4　
1、5　
后置定语　
目的状语　
　　动词不定式是英语动词的非谓语形式之一，形式上由“to＋动词
原形”构成。动词不定式仍保留着动词的部分特性，可以跟宾语和状
语构成动词不定式短语，有时态和语态的变化。句法功能上，动词不
定式（短语）与名词、形容词或副词作用类似，在句子中可以充当主
语、表语、宾语、定语、状语、宾语补足语等成分。
一、动词不定式的时态和语态
　 语态 时态　 主动 被动
一般式 to do to be done
进行式 to be doing
完成式 to have done to have been done
1. 动词不定式的一般式：表示动词不定式的动作与谓语动词同时（或
几乎同时）发生或在谓语所表示的动作之后发生。
I hope to see you next week.
我希望下周能见到你。
2. 动词不定式的进行式：表示动词不定式的动作正在进行且与谓语动
词所表示的动作同时发生。
I happened to be watching TV when she called.
她打电话来时，我恰巧正在看电视。
3. 动词不定式的完成式：表示动词不定式的动作发生在谓语动词所表
示的动作之前。
They seem to have cleaned the house.
他们似乎已经打扫过这个房子了。
The factory is reported to have been burnt down.
据报道，这家工厂已经被烧毁了。
4. 当动词不定式的逻辑主语是动词不定式的承受者时，用被动语态
I’d like to be told what’s going on.
我希望被告知正在发生什么。
The book is said to have been translated into English.
据说这本书已被翻译成英文。
二、动词不定式作主语
1. 当动词不定式作主语时，一般表示具体的或一次性的动作。作主语
的动词不定式有时态和语态的变化，且谓语动词常用单数。
To get there by bike will take us half an hour.
骑自行车到那儿将花费我们半个小时的时间。
To make up for lost time is not possible.
要弥补失去的时光是不可能的。
2. 若动词不定式太长，则往往用it代替动词不定式作形式主语，动
词不定式移至谓语之后，以使句子结构平衡。其常见句型有以
下四种：
（1）It＋be＋名词＋to do sth
It’s our duty to take good care of the old.
照顾老人是我们的责任。
（2）It＋be＋形容词＋for/of sb＋to do sth
①It＋be＋形容词＋for sb to do sth意为“做某事对某人而言
是……的”。该句式中的形容词多是说明性的，不用来指人
或物的品质、特性，如difficult、 easy、 hard、 important、
dangerous、 impossible等。
②It＋be＋形容词＋of sb to do sth意为“某人做某事是……
的”。该句式中的形容词用以叙述人的个性、品质，如kind、
good、 nice、 clever、 careless、 polite、 foolish等。
It is necessary for everyone to make plans for the future.
每个人都有必要为未来的生活做计划。
It is stupid of you to write down everything （that） the teacher
says.
你把老师说的所有东西都记下来的行为是很愚蠢的。
（3）It takes sb some time to do sth意为“做某事花费某人多长时
间”。
How long did it take you to finish the work？
你花了多长时间完成这项工作的？
（4）It seems （appears）＋形容词＋to do sth
It seemed impossible to finish the work on time.
看上去不可能按时完成这项工作。
【即时演练1】　单句语法填空/完成句子
①It is difficult for us （finish） the composition in a quarter
of an hour.
② （finish） this job in one day is impossible.
③It is a great honour .
被邀请到你家做客真的是太荣幸了。
④It takes a long time .
准备家常饭需要花很长时间。
to finish　
To finish　
to be invited to your family　
to prepare for home-cooked meals　
三、动词不定式作表语
1. 动词不定式作表语，通常说明主语的内容。从时间概念上说表示将
来的动作。主语一般是wish、 idea、 work、 task、 job、 duty、 aim
等词。
Her greatest wish is to see her parents again.
她最大的愿望是能够再见到父母。
My dream is to be a doctor.
＝To be a doctor is my dream.
我的梦想是成为一名医生。
2. 当主语部分含有实义动词 do 的某种形式时，作表语的动词不定式
可以省略 to。
All I did was （to） turn off the gas.
我所做的就是把煤气关掉。
All we could do was （to） go back home.
我们所能做的就是回家。
All I want to do now is （to） have a rest.
我现在只想休息一下。
【即时演练2】　单句语法填空
①My task is （show） you around our newly-built library.
②Her wish is （become） an engineer.
③What he hoped was （admit） into the university.
④All that he could do was （comfort） her.
to show　
to become　
to be admitted　
（to） comfort　
四、动词不定式的其他用法
1. 作宾语：动词不定式作宾语通常直接放在谓语动词afford、 refuse、
decide、 agree等之后；还常用it作形式宾语，而把真正的宾语——
动词不定式置于句末。
Would you like to watch a football game with me？
你愿意跟我去看一场足球赛吗？
I found it necessary to talk to him again.
我觉得有必要再和他谈谈。
2. 作宾语补足语：常跟动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有allow、
advise、 ask、 encourage、 expect、 force、 get、 invite、 order、
remind、 teach、 tell等。
My mum asks me to play the piano two hours every day.
妈妈让我每天弹两小时钢琴。
3. 作定语：动词不定式一般置于被修饰词之后作后置定语，不及物动
词需要加上介词。
He is always the last one to leave the office.
他总是最后一个离开办公室。
We are very busy and we all have a lot of work to do on weekends.
我们都很忙，周末也有很多工作要做。
4. 作状语：动词不定式作状语主要表示目的、结果、原因等。
We were very excited to hear the news.
听到这个消息我们非常兴奋。
He hurried to the school only to find nobody there.
他匆匆赶到学校，却发现那里没有人。
【即时演练3】　完成句子
①We agreed but so far she hasn’t turned up yet.
我们约好在此地见面，但是她到现在还没有露面。
②Columbus was .
哥伦布是第一个发现美洲的人。
③The teacher advised us .
老师建议我们先休息一下。
④The doctor did everything he could .
这位医生竭尽全力抢救病人。
to meet here　
the first person to discover America　
to have a rest first　
to save the patient　
核心知识·巧突破
探究课堂重点
2
Part Ⅰ　核心词汇集释
throw oneself into 投身于，热衷于
【教材原句】　In the last few weeks， I’ve thrown myself into home
cooking， from boiling noodles in the pot to frying steak in the pan. 在过
去的几周里，我全身心投入家庭烹饪中，从在锅里煮面条到在煎锅里
煎牛排。
throw away　　扔掉；浪费掉；放过
throw back 扔回；阻止；使重新依靠；反射
throw cold water on 泼冷水
throw in the towel 认输，投降
throw off （从……）扔开，去掉（伪装），摆脱掉，散发出
throw up 呕出（食物）
【用法】
【佳句】　Having received the support from her family， Judy throws
herself into writing.
在得到家人的支持后，朱迪全身心投入写作中。
【练透】　用throw的相关短语填空
①The old woman feels like she is going to what she has
eaten all the time.
②I should know by now not to the directions until we’ve
finished cooking.
throw up　
throw away　
③Only if you your studies will you ultimately
achieve your long-term goal.
【写美】　完成句子
④I don’t want to your ideas， but I think you are
over-optimistic.
我不想对你的想法泼冷水，不过我认为你过于乐观了。
throw yourself into　
throw cold water on　
impress vt.& vi.使钦佩，给……留下深刻印象；使意识到
【教材原句】　As long as you are not afraid of heights， you will be
impressed by Sky Buffet， the latest restaurant in the city centre.只要你
不怕高，市中心最新的天空自助餐厅会给你留下深刻印象。
（1）impress ...on ...　把……印在……上
impress sth on/upon sb＝impress sb with ... 使某人牢记某事
be impressed by/with ...　对……印象深刻
What impressed sb is/was that ... 使某人印象深刻的是……
（2）impression n. 印象；感想
leave/make/create a/an ...impression on sb　给某人留下一个……的印象
（3）impressive adj.　给人深刻印象的；令人钦佩的
【用法】
【佳句】　My parents impressed on me the importance of receiving a
good education.
我父母使我认识到接受良好教育的重要性。
【点津】　impress不能用于impress sb sth结构，其间接宾语由介词
on/upon引出，impress也不用于进行时。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①She made a favourable impression his parents.
②The film’s special effects are particularly （impress）.
on　
impressive　
③ （impress） by the beautiful scenery， I forgot to go
back home in time.
④My first （impress） of the boy was favourable.
【写美】　一句多译
⑤这个女孩灵巧的双手给我们留下了深刻的印象。
→The girl her skillful hands.
→The girl’s skillful hands us.
→We the girl’s skillful hands.
Impressed　
impression　
impressed us deeply with　
left/made a deep impression on　
were deeply impressed with/by　
out of this world 好（或美等）得不得了，非凡，呱呱叫
【教材原句】　The mooncake is always my favourite because of its
satisfying taste that is out of this world and the happy memories it brings
to mind.
月饼一直是我的最爱，因为它令人满意的口味是超凡脱俗的，它给我
带来了美好的回忆。
（1）out of breath　上气不接下气
out of balance 失去平衡
out of date 过时
out of patience 不耐烦
out of control/hand 失去控制
out of place 不得体
out of shape 变形的，走样的
out of work 失业
（2）in the world 在世界上；到底，究竟
all over the world 全世界，普天下
【用法】
【佳句】　The view from the top is out of this world.
从顶部看去，景色真是美极了。
【练透】　用out of的相关短语填空
①By the time I got to the top of the hill， I was quite .
②We eventually ran with his childish behaviour.
③The boy is wild and completely .
④I think what he says is .
⑤Look！ The front wheel of the bicycle was .
out of breath　
out of patience　
out of control/hand　
out of place　
out of shape　
【写美】　完成句子
⑥I was depressed； my life seemed completely .
我情绪低落；我的生活彻底失去了平衡。
out of balance　
Part Ⅱ　重点句型解构
句型公式：no wonder （that） ...难怪……
【教材原句】　No wonder people say nothing beats home cooking！难
怪人们说，什么都比不上家常菜！
（1）It’s no wonder that ...＝No wonder that ... 难怪……
work/do wonders 创造奇迹
It’s a wonder that ... 令人惊讶的是……
in wonder 目瞪口呆地；惊异地
（2）wonder at 对……惊讶
wonder to do ... 想做……
【用法】
【品悟】　It’s no wonder that you are tired； you’ve been working for
five hours.
难怪你感到疲劳；你已经连续工作5个小时了。
【写美】　完成句子
①Drinking cold lemonade may also .
喝冷的柠檬汽水也会有很好的效果。
② he should survive the terrible car accident.
在那次可怕的车祸中他竟然幸存了下来，真是一个奇迹。
work/do wonders　
It is a wonder that　
③The children looked up at the big elephant.
孩子们惊异地抬头看那头大象。
④ she was so upset.
难怪她如此心烦意乱。
in wonder　
No wonder （that）　
句型公式：in order that引导目的状语从句
【教材原句】　We will put the potatoes in the pot first in order that they
will be cooked quickly.
我们先把土豆放进锅里，这样土豆很快就会熟。
（1）表示目的的状语从句可以由in order that （为了；以便）、 that
（以便）、 so that （以便）、 lest （免得；唯恐）、 in case （以
防）、 for fear that （生怕；以免）等引导。
（2）引导目的状语从句的so that 可以用in order that 替换，意义无甚
差别；若主句和从句的主语一致，还可以用so as to或in order to将其
转换为简单句。
【用法】
【写美】　句型转换
①We stayed in Beijing so that/in order that we could visit the Bird’s Nest.
→We stayed in Beijing visit the Bird’s Nest.
②We will do everything for them to live happily.
→We will do everything live happily.
so as to/in order to　
in order that/so that they can　
课时检测·提能力
培育学科素养
3
维度一：基础题型练
用动词不定式改写下列句子。
1. Jake’s intention was that he would impress the guests with desserts.
→Jake’s intention .
（作表语）
was to impress the guests with desserts　
2. The search for a frying pan suitable for my kitchen is tiring.
→ is tiring.（作
主语）
3. The chef added some herbs to the soup so that the flavour would be
enhanced.
→The chef added some herbs to the soup .
（作状语）
To search for a frying pan suitable for my kitchen　
to enhance the flavour　
4. I consider the Soup of the Day as the best option on the menu.
→I consider the Soup of the Day on the menu.
（作宾语补足语）
5. The next dish that the cook prepare is Kung Pao Chicken.
→The next dish is Kung Pao Chicken.
（作定语）
to be the best option　
to be prepared by the cook　
维度二：语法与写作
用动词不定式形式完成下列句子。
1. It isn’t right for us .
我们半途而废是不对的。
2. is useful for our health.
做早操对我们的健康有用。
3. It’s important for us .
对我们来说，学好英语是重要的。
4. My idea is .
我的想法是从北面爬山。
5. He hurried to the station， only .
他匆匆赶往车站，却发现火车已经开走了。
to stop half way　
To do morning exercises　
to learn English well　
to climb the mountain from the north　
to find the train had left　
维度三：语法与语篇
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确
形式。
　　For the first 18 years of my life， my mom 1. （cook）
Chinese food every day — dumplings， Kung Pao Chicken， and fried
spring rolls， all served family-style. But when it came time to teach
myself how 2. （cook）， I didn’t ask my mom for help.
Instead， I turned to the Internet 3. （look） for online
recipes. And after I started my own family， I threw myself into
4. （cook） as much as possible.
cooked　
to cook　
to look　
cooking　
To be honest， it is easy for me 5. （cook） steaks for my
family. What I didn’t really know how to cook at all， however， was
Chinese food. Part of the reason was that the number of English-language
recipes for Chinese dishes was extremely 6. （limit）.
　　That was the experience， too， for sisters Sarah and Kaitlin Leung.
So， in 2013， the Leungs started a food blog named The Woks of Life，
whose aim was 7. （introduce） recipes for Chinese
dishes. It has not only taught me 8. （make） delicious
Chinese dishes but also helped me closely connect with Chinese culture.
to cook　
limited　
to introduce　
to make　
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
　　Breadfruit is a traditional staple （主食） crop from the Pacific
islands with the potential to improve worldwide food security. While
people have survived on it for thousands of years， there was a lack of
basic scientific knowledge of the health impacts of a breadfruit-based diet
in both humans and animals. Now the fruit is getting the nutritional thumbs
up from a team of British Columbia researchers.
　　Breadfruit can be harvested， dried and made into a flour. For the
project， researchers had four breadfruits from the same tree in Hawaii，
shipped to the Murch Lab at UBC Okanagan. Ying Liu led the study
examining the digestion and health impact of a breadfruit-based diet.
　　“We wanted to contribute to the development of breadfruit as a
sustainable， environmentally friendly and high-production crop，” Liu
says. The researchers designed a series of studies that could provide data
on the impacts of a breadfruit-based diet fed to mice and also an enzyme
（酶） digestion model.
　　The researchers determined that breadfruit protein was found to be
easier to digest than wheat protein in the enzyme digestion model. And
mice fed the breadfruit diet had a significantly higher growth rate and body
weight than standard diet-fed mice. Liu also noted mice on the breadfruit
diet had a significantly higher daily water consumption compared to mice
on the wheat diet.
　　Fundamental understanding of the health impact of breadfruit
digestion and diets is necessary and essential to the establishment of
breadfruit as a staple in the future. “Overall， these studies support the
use of breadfruit as part of a healthy， nutritionally balanced diet，” says
Liu. The use of breadfruit could make inroads in food sustainability for
many populations globally. Liu suggests if a person ate the same amount of
cooked breadfruit they can meet up to nearly 57 per cent of their daily fibre
requirement，more than 34 per cent of their protein requirement and at the
same time consume vitamin C， iron， calcium and other elements.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项关于面包果的研
究，研究结果支持将面包果作为健康、营养均衡饮食的一部分。这
一研究发现可以帮助缓解食物紧张的问题。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项关于面包果的研
究，研究结果支持将面包果作为健康、营养均衡饮食的一部分。这
一研究发现可以帮助缓解食物紧张的问题。
1. What do the underlined words “thumbs up” mean in the first
paragraph？
A. Requirement. B. Benefit.
C. Reflection. D. Acceptance.
解析： 　词义猜测题。根据第一段中的While people have survived
on it ...diet in both humans and animals.可知，在过去，人们缺乏关于
面包果对健康的影响的科学知识。而画线词语所在句则说明现在的
情况，与过去进行对比。 由此推知，现在面包果的营养价值得到了
研究人员的认可。thumbs up意为“赞同，接受”。
2. What is the purpose of Liu’s study on breadfruit？
A. To help those Pacific islanders.
B. To prove the value of the food.
C. To promote the food worldwide.
D. To develop a new type of diet.
解析： 　推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句以及第三段第一句可
推知，Liu研究面包果的目的是证明这种食物的价值。
3. What is Paragraph 4 mainly about？
A. The research method.
B. The research focuses.
C. The research process.
D. The research findings.
解析： 　段落大意题。根据第四段内容可知，这一段主要介绍了
研究的发现，即面包果蛋白质比小麦蛋白质更容易消化，而且被喂
食面包果的老鼠比普通喂养的老鼠发育更快，日消耗水量更多。
4. What can be inferred about breadfruit from the last paragraph？
A. It will take the place of wheat.
B. It is superior to other foods.
C. It can help ease food shortage.
D. It needs further improvement.
解析： 　推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句以及第三句可知，面
包果在未来可能会被作为主食，对全球的食物维持能力有帮助。由
此可知，C项（它可以帮助缓解食物短缺）符合题意。
B
　　After a difficult academic year， we all deserve a wonderful summer
holiday， a time for relaxation and celebration. Of course， a big part of
any celebration involves food.Many of my holidays， birthdays， days out
and good memories are defined by the amazing food that was involved.The
sunny weather and long days bring with it a whole selection of meals，
recipes and snacks to be enjoyed.
　　The first thing that summer calls for is a barbecue. Although I don’t
have a barbecue at home， a portable barbecue will do the trick and this
means that you can enjoy a slightly charred burger wherever you are.
Picnics are also a must for summer and I often find they are the most fun
when treated like a potluck， with each person bringing along their
personal favourites. Cocktail sausages and mini Scotch eggs are always my
guilty pleasures. As someone from the Suffolk coast， fish and chips are
essential. It truly feels like summer when I sit on the beach with chips
wrapped in paper on my lap.
The coast is the best place to get a seafood treat with fish being caught
fresh daily. Besides， you can finish your day with a walk along the beach.
Finally， we can’t forget the drinks. A jug of Pimm’s in the sun， well
balanced by lemonade and summer fruits， is always delicious. And I find
that nothing reminds me more of post-exam celebrations than a pint in a
beer garden.
　　The thing about summer food is that it often becomes food associated
with summer memories. Picnics， barbecues， and fish and chips on the
beach are more than just delicious meals － they are a way to socialize and
have fun with friends and family. Part of the fun comes from lazing in the
sun afterwards， swimming in the sea， and playing heartily， which is
why our food memories are so powerful.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者分享了自己印象深刻的夏季美
食，并认为享用美食的过程也是与朋友和家人社交和娱乐的一种方
式。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者分享了自己印象深刻的夏季美
食，并认为享用美食的过程也是与朋友和家人社交和娱乐的一种方
式。
5. According to the author， what makes a picnic most enjoyable？
A. Gathering with friends.
B. Sharing delicious foods.
C. Enjoying seafood treats.
D. Introducing different recipes.
解析： 　细节理解题。根据第二段中的Picnics are also a must for
summer ...along their personal favourites.可知，野餐时人人都带上自
己喜欢的食物在一起分享，这是作者认为野餐最有趣的部分。
6. Which of the following can best explain the underlined word
“portable” in Paragraph 2？
A. Multifunctional. B. Automatic.
C. Easy to carry. D. Simple to operate.
解析： 　词义猜测题。根据画线词下文中的you can enjoy a slightly
charred burger wherever you are可知，在任何地方你都可以吃到略微
烤焦的汉堡包。由此可推知，这个烤架是可以随身携带的。portable
表示“便于携带的”，与Easy to carry意思一致。
7. What is the most likely to make the author recall post-exam
celebrations？
A. Having a barbecue at home.
B. Taking a walk along the beach.
C. Getting a seafood treat on the coast.
D. Enjoying some Pimm’s in a beer garden.
解析： 　细节理解题。根据第二段中的Finally， we can’t forget
the drinks ...And I find that nothing reminds me more of post-exam
celebrations than a pint in a beer garden.可知，在啤酒花园里享用皮姆
酒最有可能让作者回忆起考试后的庆祝活动。
8. In which part of a newspaper can you most probably read the text？
A. Travel and holiday.
B. Food and lifestyle.
C. Sports and fitness.
D. Education and schooling.
解析： 　文章出处题。根据第一段中的Of course， a big part of
any celebration involves food.以及下文作者分享的几种自己喜欢的美
食可知，本文主要讲述了生活中的食物。因此本文最可能出现在报
纸的“食物和生活方式”版块。
C
　　Africa Water Week — nearly one billion people around the world have
no access to drinking water，that lack of clean water association with
unproper hygiene （卫生） and shortage of toilets kills 3.3 million a year.
And this is a common problem in many parts of the developing world，
but its effect is not widely known， according to experts at the Pulitzer
Center on Crisis Reporting.
　　As part of the World Water Day tradition， the center is screening
films about international water issues at the Environmental Film Festival in
Washington，D. C. The films describe a variety of conflicts over water.
　　“The challenge in presenting these films，” says Peter Sawyer，
project coordinator at the Pulitzer Center on Crisis Reporting， “is to
share with a wider audience the urgent issues surrounding water.”“Our
goal for this screening is to just get these issues out there，” he says.
“We don’t feel that they attract public attention and we think that they
should because they are really important.”
　　In Dhaka’s Challenge， film-maker Stephen Sapienza explores one
of the fastest growing cities in Asia.He says one-third of the 15 million
people in the Bangladeshi capital live in places where safe water is
limited.Each year 400，000 newcomers join Dhaka’s urban poor. City
water from Dhaka’s Water and Sewer Authority （WASA） comes at a
price， available only to land owners. The film records how a non-profit
group helped change the law to give the same equal water rights to the
urban poor.
　　Diabalok Sing Ha， who is the group’s founder， said， “A win-
win situation actually occurred because Dhaka WASA wanted their
incomes and on the other hand，poor people wanted the service and they
immediately see the economic advantage of getting Dhaka WASA water
supply because that is cheap， so they immediately buy in.”
　　“My story was just trying to point out that these problems are
solvable on some level even if you have to start small and it’s possible in
the long run to save many lives，” says Sapienza.
语篇解读：本文是
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章通过世界水日的传统电影展向
更多人揭露了世界各地近十亿人无法获得饮用水和清洁水源的问题
并提出可能解决的方案。
9. Which of the following is the main purpose of the films？
A. To show the number of people lacking clean water.
B. To let more people know the serious water problems.
C. To attract people to pay attention to the world conflicts.
D. To get people to have a good knowledge of water.
解析： 　细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句中的but its effect is not
widely known可知，缺水问题的影响并未广为人知。第三段中的The
challenge in presenting these films ...issues out there说明电影节的目的
就是要让更多的人了解缺水带来的一系列问题。
10. What does Paragraph 4 mainly talk about？
A. Ways to get cheap water.
B. The film Dhaka’s Challenge.
C. Film-maker Stephen Sapienza.
D. A non-profit group.
解析： 　段落大意题。根据第四段内容可知，作者在本段主要介
绍了电影Dhaka’s Challenge的背景和主要内容。
11. Which of the following does Diabalok Sing Ha agree with？
A. Most people can’t afford the water supply.
B. Rich people in Dhaka will buy in at once.
C. Poor people in Dhaka need the service of water.
D. Dhaka WASA will soon see the economic advantage.
解析： 　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中poor people wanted the
service可知，穷人非常需要获得干净的水。
12. What does Sapienza intend to tell us by making the film Dhaka’s
Challenge？
A. The problem of water can possibly be solved.
B. All the people cannot get city water from WASA.
C. A win-win situation is expected by every film-maker.
D. Dhaka WASA is very popular with the local people.
解析： 　推理判断题。根据最后一段中Sapienza说的话可
知，拍摄电影Dhaka’s Challenge的目的是说明水的问题是有可
能被解决的。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
　　Throwing a party is a great way to get all your favourite people in one
place for music， conversation，of course， food. 　13　， when you are
the one planning the party. Not to worry； your planning will be a breeze
if you plan ahead of time and take the process course by course， from
appetizers （开胃菜） to desserts.
　　Ask your guests about food restrictions before you start preparing
food.For guests with food allergies or on diets，ask them to make their
own restrictions clear. And ask if any guests are vegetarians and provide
dishes accordingly. 　14　.
　　Choose an appetizer-only meal for a relaxing inexpensive party.
You’ll save money and preparation time， and be able to socialize more
with your guests. 　15　，so guests aren’t thrown off when no main
course is served.You’ll want to offer your guests some variety of taste in
your appetizers for a more satisfying meal.
　　 　16　. If your appetizers are just the start of a more formal meal
with a main course， you keep it a bit simpler. Plan just a few handful of
chips and a couple of cookies for your each guest，if you’re serving a
main course afterwards.
　　Prepare fruits and vegetables. Many guests will want a fresh，
healthy option to start off a meal. A fruit tray or veggie platter with
carrots， cucumbers，and broccoli is an easy and colourful addition to
your appetizer spread. 　17　. Besides， you’d better offer quick snacks
like nuts， or chips.
A. Serve a substantial main course if necessary
B. Serve light， simple snacks before a main course
C. You should detail it on the invitation that only appetizers will be served
D. So you should make thoughtful preparations for each of your guests
E. It’s a good idea to have a few vegetarian options available
F. But it can be stressful to prepare food for guests with all different
preferences
G. Look for ripe fruits and fresh vegetables that are in season for the best
tasting ingredients
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何准备聚会的食
物。
13. F　根据下文Not to worry； your planning will be a breeze if you plan
ahead of time and take the process course by course， from appetizers
（开胃菜） to desserts.可知，空处应描述准备聚会食物是一个难题。F
项符合语境。
14. E　根据空前一句可知，需要询问客人是否只吃素食，并提供相应
的菜肴，所以要准备一些素食。E项符合语境。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何准备聚会的食
物。
15. C　根据空前两句可知，举办只有开胃菜的聚会有很多好处，结合
空后so guests aren’t thrown off when no main course is served可知，虽然
举办只有开胃菜的聚会有很多好处，但是也要将这一情况告知客人，
否则会吓跑客人。C项符合语境。
16. B　根据本段中的Plan just a few handful of chips and a couple of
cookies for your each guest，if you’re serving a main course afterwards.可
知，本段是讲上主食前提供一些简单的小吃。B项符合语境。
17. G　根据空前一句可知，一个水果盘或蔬菜盘是添加到开胃菜里的
一个简单且丰富多彩的选择，所以要选择应季的成熟水果和新鲜蔬
菜。G项符合语境。
Ⅲ.完形填空
　　Aaron Fotheringham wants people to see their daily challenges in a
new way. He believes they are not challenges but 　18　 to think
differently. He 　19　 strongly about this because he was born with spina
bifida （脊柱裂） and can’t move his legs.
　　His parents always encouraged him to be as 　20　 as possible，
even if that meant he had to think of new ways to deal with his disability.
So， in school， Fotheringham 　21　 to take the easier physical
education classes. When the other students ran a mile， he would wheel
quickly to 　22　 them.
　　He loved the 　23　 of extreme sports. He realized his wheelchair
could be an instrument for 　24　 rather than just a medical device.
Once， his older brother took him to a skate park， where Fotheringham
first 　25　 to do a trick in his chair， but he fell hard.It hurt. But he
realized he 　26　 something he loved to do — even though it would
be 　27　 to learn.
　　Fotheringham learned to do daring stunts （特技表演）. After a lot
of 　28　， the next year， he landed the first wheelchair backflip （后
空翻）. After posting his backflip on the Internet， his 　29　 changed；
Fotheringham’s backflip went viral！ Since then， he’s performed record-
breaking stunts all over the world.
　　Beyond 　30　， Fotheringham also shows younger disabled people
how to use their wheelchairs in different， fun ways. His 　31　 is to
inspire them to see their disability as a positive thing. He wants more
people to experience the 　32　 he has gotten from learning these daring
stunts.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。Aaron Fotheringham天生残疾，但喜
欢极限运动，他因在轮椅上做后空翻动作后走红，之后在世界各地
进行了破纪录的特技表演。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。Aaron Fotheringham天生残疾，但喜
欢极限运动，他因在轮椅上做后空翻动作后走红，之后在世界各地
进行了破纪录的特技表演。
18. A. requirements B. opportunities
C. decisions D. choices
解析： 　根据上文可知，Fotheringham希望人们以一种新的方式
看待日常挑战，他认为这些挑战并非挑战，而是以不同的方式进
行思考的机会。
19. A. feels B. argues C. doubts D. protests
解析： 　根据空后的because he was born with spina bifida （脊柱
裂） and can’t move his legs以及倒数第二段中的the next year， he
landed the first wheelchair backflip可知，Fotheringham天生残疾，但
他经过努力成功挑战后空翻。由此推断，他对“视挑战为机遇”
这一点深有感触。
20. A. selfless B. generous
C. confident D. independent
解析： 　Fotheringham天生残疾，双腿不能活动，他的父母总是
鼓励他尽可能自立。
21. A. expected B. planned
C. refused D. offered
解析： 　根据本段中的When the other students ran a mile， he
would wheel quickly和倒数第二段中的Fotheringham learned to do
daring stunts可知，Fotheringham喜欢挑战自己。由此推断，他拒绝
参加较为容易的体育课程，在别的同学跑步时，他也坐着轮椅快
速追赶。
22. A. take care of B. keep up with
C. make up for D. take hold of
解析： 　参见上题解析。
23. A. honor B. function
C. knowledge D. excitement
解析： 　根据本段内容可知，Fotheringham第一次尝试极限运动
时就喜欢上了这类运动带来的刺激。
24. A. fun B. luck C. wealth D. help
解析： 　根据空后的rather than just a medical device和最后一段中
的Fotheringham also shows younger disabled people how to use their
wheelchairs in different， fun ways可知，Fotheringham成功地做到
了以不同的、有趣的方式使用轮椅。由此推断，他不只把他的轮
椅看成是一种医疗设备，他认为轮椅也可以是一种能给他带来快
乐的工具。
25. A. happened B. regretted
C. tried D. waited
解析： 　根据空前的first和空后的to do a trick in his chair，
but he fell hard. It hurt可知，Fotheringham第一次尝试在轮椅
上做花样动作。
26. A. ignored B. found
C. created D. protected
解析： 　根据空前的But和空后的something he loved to do可知，
Fotheringham第一次尝试失败，但他意识到他发现了自己喜欢做的
事情。
27. A. difficult B. possible
C. boring D. necessary
解析： 　根据本段中的do a trick in his chair， but he fell hard和下
一段中的the next year， he landed the first wheelchair backflip可
知，学会在轮椅上做花样动作并不容易。
28. A. treatment B. preparations
C. studies D. practice
解析： 　根据空后的the next year， he landed the first wheelchair
backflip可知，Fotheringham在第二年才完成了第一个轮椅后空
翻，这说明他经过了大量的练习。
29. A. health B. belief C. life D. style
解析： 　根据空后两句可知，Fotheringham在互联网上发布了他
做后空翻的动作，结果一下走红，之后他的生活发生了改变，他
去世界各地表演特技。
30. A. traveling B. performing
C. competing D. teaching
解析： 　根据上一段中的he’s performed record-breaking stunts all
over the world和本段中的Beyond可知，除了表演，Fotheringham还
向年轻的残疾人展示如何以不同的、有趣的方式使用轮椅。
31. A. step B. tip C. goal D. request
解析： 　空后的to inspire them to see their disability as a positive
thing是Fotheringham的目标。
32. A. joy B. art
解析： 　Fotheringham喜欢做大胆的特技表演，他从中得到了很
多乐趣，他希望更多的人能体会到这种乐趣。
C. freedom D. courage
Ⅳ.语法填空
　　Encouraging your children to eat fruit and vegetables is one of
the 　33　 （hard） parts of parenting. Not for Charlotte Travers，
though.
　　Ms Travers， 32， noticed her son Thomas was becoming a strange
shade of yellow and 　34　 （take） him to their family doctor for tests.
　　The family were then surprised 　35　 （discover） that the problem
was caused by the six-year-old’s love of eating oranges — sometimes a bag
a day. Medical tests didn’t show anything serious， but did flag up
unusually high levels of beta-carotene （β-胡萝卜素）， 　36　 is found
in particularly orange-coloured foods.
　　Ms Travers told DevonLive：“He started turning yellow and I got
quite 　37　 （worry） because it can be a sign of liver or kidney （肾）
failure. I thought I’d take him to the doctor just 　38　 case.”
　　“At first the doctor said the main symptom （症状） of liver or
kidney failure was yellow 　39　 （eye）， which Thomas didn’t have.
She said sometimes children can just get stained （满是污痕的） skin
from playing in 　40　 sand， but this was more than that — so we did
blood tests to rule anything out but they all came back normal.”
　　Ms Travers then revealed to the doctor about her son’s
extreme 　41　 （eat） habits. It was 　42　 （final） determined by the
doctor that the boy’s skin colour was a direct result of his love of oranges.
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了一个男孩因为太爱吃
橙子而皮肤变黄。
33. hardest　考查形容词的最高级。根据空前的one of以及语境可知，
鼓励孩子多吃水果和蔬菜是养育子女时最难的事情之一，故填hard的
最高级hardest。
34. took　考查动词的时态。根据语境可知，此处描述发生在过去的事
情，应用一般过去时，故填took。
35. to discover　考查非谓语动词。设空处作原因状语，应用动词不定
式，故填to discover。
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了一个男孩因为太爱吃
橙子而皮肤变黄。
36. which　考查定语从句。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，补充说明
beta-carotene，且在从句中作主语，故填which。
37. worried　考查形容词。设空处作表语，意为“担心的”，应用形
容词，故填worried。
38. in　考查介词。just in case以防万一。
39. eyes　考查名词复数。eye意为“眼睛”时，是可数名词，设空处
与yellow连用，表示泛指，指发黄的眼睛，故填eyes。
40. the　考查冠词。play in the sand在沙子上玩。
41. eating　考查非谓语动词。设空处作定语，与habits连用，指饮食
习惯，故填eating。
42. finally　考查副词。设空处作状语，修饰动词determined，应用副
词，故填finally。
谢谢观看！

展开更多......

收起↑