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2025 —2026学年八年级英语上学期单元测试卷
Unit 2 Getting along·培优卷
（ 全卷满分120 分，考试时间100 分钟）
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
注意事项．
1.本试卷分第I 卷（ 选择题） 和第（ 非选择题） 两部分。答卷前， 考生务必将自己的姓名、准
考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答第I 卷时，选出每小题答案后， 用2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，
用橡皮擦十净后，再选涂其他答案标号。与在本试卷上无效。
3.回答第II 卷时， 将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
4.考试结束后， 将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力
一、听力（本题有20小题，每小题1分，共计20分）
第一节：听小对话，从A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，回答问题。
1．How does the man feel like swimming
A．Tiring. B．Exciting. C．Relaxing.
2．What does Billy like doing in his free time
A．Reading books. B．Listening to music. C．Watching movies.
3．When did Dick hold his birthday party
A．Last Friday. B．Last Saturday. C．Last Sunday.
4．Where did they see the robot
A．In the park. B．In the zoo. C．In the library.
5．Whose pens are these
A．Daming’s. B．Betty’s. C．Tony’s.
听对话，回答下列小题。
6．Which subject is Frank good at
A．Math. B．Chinese. C．English.
7．What is Frank like
A．He is as outgoing as Jeff. B．He is less outgoing than Jeff. C．He is more outgoing than Jeff.
听对话，回答以下各小题。
8．How long has Robert lived in the city
A．For three months. B．For six years. C．For ten years.
9．How did people travel around the city in the past
A．By bike. B．By car. C．By subway.
10．What has the government turned the open spaces into
A．Many large parks. B．Many tall buildings. C．Many clean food streets.
听对话，回答以下各小题。
11．Who did the boy visit in the countryside last year
A．His uncle. B．His brother. C．His grandfather.
12．How does the girl feel about life in the countryside
A．She thinks it’s boring. B．She thinks it’s interesting. C．She thinks it’s terrible.
听对话，回答小题。
13．Why didn’t Cindy have a good time when shopping
A．Because she lost her wallet.
B．Because the prices were too high.
C．Because the shop was crowded.
14．How many people live in Beijing now
A．Over 10 million. B．Over 20 million. C．Over 30 million.
15．Which city has the largest population in China
A．Chongqing. B．Guangzhou. C．Shanghai.
第二节：听短文填空
你将听到一段短文，请你根据所听内容填写下面的信息卡，并将答案写在答题卡相应题目的答题位置。
Peter’s Love for Books
Favourite books He likes 16 . He finds the books of Robert Louis Stevenson are 17 Treasure Land — a young boy named 18 sailed the sea to look for hidden treasure.
Feelings He is willing to try 19 He wants to become 20 when he grows up.
二、单项选择（满分15分）
21．With its famous mountains, lakes, and towns, China has so much to _______ visitors around the world.
A．miss B．offer C．leave D．protect
22．—Why are you looking for May in a hurry
—The boss is wondering where she ________ and how long she ________ there.
A．has been; has been B．has gone; has gone C．has been; has gone D．has gone; has been
23．—How long has Mr. White ________ Joan
—I am not sure. Maybe they got married five years ago.
A．married B．got married to
C．been married with D．been married to
24．Half an hour ________since the train ________.
A．has passed; left B．has passed; has left C．passed; has left D．passed; left
25．The shop owner ________ stopped talking and his mouth was wide open like a big “O”. It was the president!
A．luckily B．suddenly C．politely D．recently
26．Finding information is not hard today, but the ________ is how we can tell whether the information is true or not.
A．courage B．message C．challenge D．knowledge
27．Henry’s grandfather ________ for many years, but Henry still misses him.
A．died B．has died C．is dead D．has been dead
28．—I borrowed this dictionary two weeks ago.
—You mean you ________ it for only half a month.
A．have kept B．have had C．have bought D．have taken
29．—It’s almost two years since we came here.
—How time flies! We ________ in Shouchun for so long.
A．study B．studied C．will study D．have studied
30．The government ________ a lot on the pollution problem since 2010.
A．spent B．spends C．will spend D．has spent
31．— Mr Green and Mrs Green ________ for thirty years.
—Wow! No wonder they’ve made a lot of great memories together.
A．have been married B．got married C．have got married D．will get married
32．We ________ friends since I came to this school.
A．are B．were C．have been D．will be
33．Betty is a member of the chess club. She ________ chess since she was in primary school.
A．play B．is playing C．has played D．will play
34．—How long has Robert ________
—Since 2001.
A．been to the USA B．become an engineer
C．joined the reading club D．studied in that school
35．That was 5 years ago. I ________ jobs since then.
A．changed B．am changing C．had changed D．have changed
三、完形填空（满分10分）
Once there was a lovely vegetable field with a very big tree in it. Both the vegetables and the tree made the garden look wonderful.
In fact, the vegetables and the tree couldn’t get on 36 with each other. The vegetables hated the tree because they thought the tree didn’t leave them enough 37 by covering them with its thick leaves, while the tree thought that the vegetables drank nearly all the water before it could reach him.
The situation became worse and worse. One day, the vegetables decided to 38 all the water in the ground so that the tree would dry up. The tree fought back by refusing to offer the vegetables shade (树荫). Soon they both began to dry up under the hot sun.
Neither of them expected that the gardener would stop watering his vegetable field because he thought it was 39 to save the vegetables. When the gardener did that, the tree and the vegetables really felt how 40 they were. There seemed to be no way to solve the problem. Then a small pumpkin decided to do something to 41 the situation. The small pumpkin did all he could to grow 42 there was little water and it was too hot.
Finally, the gardener 43 the growing pumpkin among the dying vegetables, 44 he started to water the field again. He still wanted to make a(n) 45 to get the beautiful pumpkin. At the same time, the tree and the vegetables were saved. Since then, they realized that it was better to help each other than to fight, and they lived in harmony with other plants.
36．A．soon B．quietly C．well D．quickly
37．A．light B．water C．air D．wind
38．A．look up B．use up C．pick up D．lift up
39．A．hopeless B．important C．useful D．necessary
40．A．angry B．hungry C．thirsty D．comfortable
41．A．accept B．control C．keep D．change
42．A．if B．though C．but D．and
43．A．watched B．knew C．sold D．noticed
44．A．so B．but C．because D．while
45．A．decision B．idea C．effort D．chance
四、阅读理解（本题有15小题, 共30分）
A
One day, a hungry wolf is looking for food in the countryside. Luckily, he finds a sheepskin (羊皮) on the road.
He thinks, “If I wear this sheepskin and stay with the sheep, the man won’t know I am a wolf. At night, I can get a young sheep and enjoy a delicious meal. Night after night, I’ll have many delicious dinners.”
Thinking of these ideas, the wolf can’t help chuckling (咯咯地笑). He puts on the sheepskin, and looks up and down—nothing is wrong but he looks a little fat. “It is not a big problem,” he thinks. He quickly runs into a group of sheep when the man is busy looking at the other sheep. In the evening, the man puts the wolf with the sheep in the same house.
In the house, the wolf waits for the night to eat the sheep. But on that day, the man wants to make a big family dinner. He goes to the house to look for a fat sheep.
The wolf becomes a big meal on the man’s table. All fools (傻瓜) are always fooling themselves at last.
46．Why does the wolf put on a sheepskin
A．Because he wants to make friends with sheep.
B．Because he wants the man to see him as a sheep.
C．Because he wants to keep himself warm.
D．Because he wants the man to give him a delicious meal.
47．What may the wolf feel when the man puts the wolf and sheep in the same house
A．Sad. B．Bored. C．Happy. D．Sorry.
48．Which word can best describe (描述) the wolf
A．Tidy. B．Friendly. C．Unlucky. D．Hard-working.
49．Why does the man get the wolf as a dinner
A．Because the wolf is the only one in the house.
B．Because the man likes eating wolf meat.
C．Because a sheep tells the man there’s a wolf.
D．Because the man thinks the wolf is a fat sheep.
50．What is this text
A．A story. B．A letter. C．A survey result. D．A conversation.
B
One night, when the moon was very bright, Rabbit was resting near a river. He was tired and wanted to go to sleep, but he was scared that the tiger was going to eat him up. Rabbit tried to stay awake. He looked up at the sky and started to count the stars. Soon Rabbit fell asleep.
Suddenly, a loud voice woke him up. It was Tiger! “Aha! Now I’ve got you, little Rabbit! You’ll be perfect in my soup!”
Rabbit was very scared, but he had an idea. He looked in the water and saw the reflection (倒影) of the moon. It looked like a big piece of cheese. He moved his mouth, acting like he was eating, and said, “Mmm, yum yum yum. Ah, Tiger. I’m happy to see e and share this delicious white cheese with me. I’m keeping it fresh for you in the river."
Tiger loved white cheese. He licked his lips. “Mmm yum. I can see the cheese, but how do you get it out of the river ” he asked.
“Easy,” said Rabbit. “I tie (绑) this stone around my foot and jump in. Do you want to try ”
Tiger tied the stone around his foot and jumped into the river. Splash! Rabbit ran away, saying, “Ha ha! Now you’ re the one in the soup!”
51．The story happened ________.
A．in the morning B．in the afternoon C．at noon D．at night
52．From the passage, we know the right order of the passage is _______ .
a. Rabbit took a break near the water.
b. Rabbit told Tiger the cheese was in water.
c. Tiger found Rabbit and wanted to eat him.
d. Tiger jumped into the river and Rabbit ran away.
A．a-b-d-c B．a-d-c-b C．a-c-b-d D．c-d-b-a
53．Tiger couldn’t get out of the river because _______ .
A．he was not able to swim B．he wanted to eat cheese
C．he tied a stone around his foot D．there was too much water in the river
54．Which of the following is TRUE
A．Rabbit did not sleep at all the whole night. B．Rabbit came up with an idea to cheat Tiger.
C．Rabbit really ate cheese in front of Tiger. D．Rabbit wanted to make Tiger into soup.
55．The best title of the story may be _______ .
A．A Smart Rabbit B．The Bright Moon C．Yummy Cheese D．A Swimming Tiger
C
Alice was sitting with her sister by the river and her sister was reading a book. Alice had nothing to do. Once or twice she looked into her sister’s book. “And what is a book for,” thought Alice, “without pictures or conversations ” Suddenly a white rabbit (兔子) with pink eyes ran by.
There was nothing strange about that. She heard the rabbit say, “Oh dear! Oh dear! I’ll be late!” and she did not think it was strange. Then the rabbit took a watch out of its pocket and looked at it. A rabbit with a pocket and a watch Alice got up and ran across the field after it. She saw it go down a large rabbit hole in the ground.
Then Alice went down after it, but never thought about how she was going to get out again. She found that she was falling down a very, very deep hole (洞). It was too dark for her to see anything. She was falling for a long time. While she was falling, she was thinking about her cat, Dinah. Suddenly she landed on some dry leaves.
56．What was Alice’s sister doing
A．She was reading at home. B．She was doing nothing.
C．She was reading by the river. D．She was sitting with her friend.
57．Alice thinks it was strange because ________.
A．the rabbit had pink eyes and ran fast B．the rabbit said it would be late
C．the rabbit had a pocket and a watch D．the rabbit could speak
58．What can we know from Paragraph Three
A．Alice was afraid. B．Alice couldn’t see anything in the hole.
C．Alice knew how to get out of the hole. D．Alice fell with her cat Dinah.
59．Which is the right order (顺序) of Alice’s experience
a. Alice landed on some dry leaves. b. Alice fell down a deep hole.
c. Alice saw a rabbit running by. d. Alice ran after the rabbit.
A．d—c—b—a B．b—a—c—d C．c—d—b—a D．c—b—d—a
60．Where is the passage probably from
A．A story book. B．A science newspaper. C．A travel book. D．A sports magazine.
五、补全对话（满分5分）
根据对话内容，从选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有两个为多余选项。
A: Hey, how’s it going
B: Oh, all right. I’m trying to make friends. 61
A: Yes. I think you should talk more often with the people whom you want to make friends with!
B: Okay, thanks for your advice. 62
A: Go ahead please. I’m pleased to help you.
B: 63
A: Yes, of course. Friends need to communicate with each other.
B: Then I won’t be shy to ask for their phone numbers. What kind of friends should I make
A: 64 I became a friend to an old man and to a young kid.
B: Wow, that’s amazing. 65 Thank you!
A: Good luck with that. Goodbye.
B: Goodbye.
A．I have one more question, though.
B．I’m feeling lonely without friends.
C．Can you give me some advice
D．Should I try to get their phone numbers
E．I didn’t know making friends would be easy.
F．You can make friends with any kind of person.
G．I hope I am able to help my friends in need.
六、完成句子（满分10分）
66．打扰一下。你能告诉我如何能与别人融洽相处吗
Excuse me. Could you tell me how I can other people
67．春节期间，我的家乡到处都有灯笼。
During the Spring Festival, there are lanterns in my home town.
68．在你做重要决定之前，你应该向老师征求意见。
You should teachers before you make an important decision.
69．他们正在为如何度假而争吵。
They are how to spend their vacation.
70．经过昨天数小时的讨论，双方最终达成了一致。
After hours of discussion yesterday, both sides finally .
七、任务型阅读（满分5分）
Cooperation comes from friendship, friendship comes from trust, and trust comes from kindness. What is kindness then To be exact, kindness is the quality (品质) of being friendly. If we give up our seats on the bus, or welcome a new member into a group activity, we are showing kindness. Actually, these acts are done without expectation of reward (回报).
Showing kindness benefits us in different ways. It helps us know about ourselves. It develops our problem-solving skills. It also gives us the chance to be thankful.
We can never imagine the power of one simple act of kindness. It may change our day. And that day may change our week. That week may change the rest of the year—or even our whole life.
In short, we rise by lifting others.
Here are some teenagers’ acts of kindness.
Linda: I sat next to a new student at lunch. I was pleased because I made her day.
Kayla: In order to raise money and protect wild animals, I held a singing competition. I was proud of it.
Peter: I opened the door for an old lady. I felt happy because I could help other people.
71．What is kindness according to the text
72．List two benefits of showing kindness.
73．What did Linda do to show her kindness
74． What do you think of Peter’s act of kindness Write 30 words or more.
八、短文填空（满分10分）
根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。
Once upon a time there was a rich man in England. He had a lot of money, but he felt u 75 all the time.
One day he went to see an old man to ask about happiness. The old man had a look at him, shook his head and said n 76 .
Finally, the rich man left h 77 to look for happiness. He v 78 many places, met many rich men, but all of them said they were not happy e 79 .
On his way home, the rich man saw a farmer w 80 in the fields. He went up to the farmer and asked, “ Could you tell me if you feel happy ” “Yes, I’m quite happy, “ the farmer answered. “Please tell me how you have found happiness, “asked the rich man. The farmer answered with a s 81 on his face, “That’s very easy. If you work h 82 , have three meals a day and go to bed early w 83 any worry, you’ll be the h 84 man in the world. “
九、书面表达（满分15分）
85．友谊就像花朵，在岁月里静静绽放。友谊就像船帆，在时间的长河里让我们远航。朋友是一种默契，是一种温暖，是迷茫时的明灯，是孤独时的陪伴。我们应该好好珍惜身边的朋友。假如你是李华，你们学校将举办以“珍惜友谊 (Value Our Friendship)”为主题的英语演讲比赛，请结合提示用英语写一篇演讲稿。
参考信息：
（1）Who is your best friend
（2）What similarities or differences do you and your best friend have
（3）What do you do to value your friendship
要求：
（1）80—120词；
（2）文中不能出现自己的真实姓名和所在学校的名称。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________《Unit 2 Getting along 单元测试·培优卷》参考答案
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
答案 B C B A A C B C A B
题号 11 12 13 14 15 21 22 23 24 25
答案 A B C B A B D D A B
题号 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35
答案 C D A D D A C C D D
题号 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45
答案 C A B A C D B D A C
题号 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55
答案 B C C D A D C C B A
题号 56 57 58 59 60
答案 C C B C A
1．B
【原文】略
2．C
【原文】略
3．B
【原文】略
4．A
【原文】略
5．A
【原文】略
6．C 7．B
【原文】W: Jeff, you have a lot of friends. Who do you think is your best friends
M: Frank.
W: Why do you like him
M: Because he often helps me with English. He is really good at it.
W: Is he as outgoing as you
M: I think he is a little shy. I’m more outgoing than him.
8．C 9．A 10．B
【原文】M: When did you move here, Cathy
W: Just three months ago. Do you know this city very well, Robert
M: Yes. I’ve lived here since I was six. I am sixteen now.
W: Has the city changed a lot over the years
M: Yes. People used to travel around the city by bike. But now we can see many cars on the streets. I think we can take the subway in our city in the future.
W: I hope so. How about the environment
M: The government has turned many open spaces into tall buildings. And the streets are much cleaner than before.
W: It is nice to live in such a beautiful city.
11．A 12．B
【原文】W: Hi, Tom. What are you thinking about
M: Oh, I’m thinking about life in the countryside.
W: Do you want to live in the countryside
M: Yes.The countryside is much quieter than the city.
W: I know and the air is fresh. The sky is blue.
M: My uncle lives in the countryside. Last year I went there with my brother for my winter vacation. You know what I saw many cute pigs. They were swimming and chatting with the hands and ducks.
W: That must be everything. There is fun and people can enjoy the beauty of nature there.
13．C 14．B 15．A
【原文】M: Cindy, what’s wrong with you You look so tired!
W: I went shopping in the city centre with my family last night.
M: Didn’t you have a good time
W: No, I didn’t. Because there were too many people and it’s very crowded.
M: Well, Beijing is a big city.
W: Yes, it is. It has a population of over twenty million.
M: Twenty million! Does Beijing have the largest population in China
W: No, it doesn’t. Chongqing has the largest population in China, about thirty-three million.
M: Really That’s a lot of people!
16．novels 17．exciting 18．Jim 19．new things 20．a writer
I’m Peter. I like novels. I enjoy reading the books of Robert Louis Stevenson because they are really exciting. They have a great effect on my life. For example, Treasure Island tells the story of a young boy, Jim. He sailed the sea to look for hidden treasure. He is very brave. After reading the book, I’m not as shy as I used to be and I’m willing to try new things. I also want to travel and have more exciting experiences in the future. Moreover, I decide to write my own stories. I want to become a writer when I grow up.
21．B
中国以其著名的山脉、湖泊和城镇，为世界各地的游客提供了如此多的东西。
考查动词辨析。miss思念，错过；offer提供；leave离开；protect保护。根据“China has so much to ... visitors around the world.”可知，此处指中国可以提供给游客很多美景。故选B。
22．D
——你为什么急着找May？——老板想知道她去了哪里以及她在那里待了多久。
考查延续性动词和非延续性动词。has gone去了某地；has been去过某地。根据“The boss is wondering where she...and how long she...there.”可知，此处是宾语从句，由where引导，has gone作谓语，意为“去了哪里”，第二空，how long引导，has been作谓语，there作地点状语，意为“待了多久”，故选D。
23．D
——怀特先生和琼结婚多久了？——我不确定。可能他们五年前结的婚。
考查动词短语搭配。marry是及物动词，可直接接宾语；get married to表示结婚的动作；be married to表示结婚的状态。根据问句中的“how long”可知，此处询问的是持续的状态，且married后接宾语时需用介词to。故选D。
24．A
火车离开已经半小时了。
考查动词时态。此处是since引导的从句，主句用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时，即：第一空表示“半小时已经过去”，强调对现在的影响，用现在完成时（has passed）；第二空表示“火车离开”是过去的动作，用一般过去时（left）。故选A。
25．B
店主突然停止了说话，他的嘴巴像一个大大的 “O” 一样张得很开。原来是总统！
考查副词辨析。luckily幸运地；suddenly突然地；politely有礼貌地；recently最近地。根据“his mouth was wide open like a big ‘O’.”可知，店主看到总统时，突然停止说话并惊讶地张大嘴巴。故选B。
26．C
如今，查找信息并不难，但挑战在于我们如何判断这些信息是否真实。
考查名词词义辨析。courage勇气；message信息；challenge挑战；knowledge知识。根据语境可知，此处是在讨论查找信息不难，但判断信息真伪是一个“挑战”，所以应该用challenge。故选C。
27．D
亨利的祖父去世多年了，但亨利仍然想念他。
考查现在完成时的延续性用法。根据“for many years”可知，句子用现在完成时，且动词用延续性动词，die是短暂性动词，对应的延续性动词为be dead，主语是第三人称单数，因此此处现在完成时结构为has been dead。故选D。
28．A
——我两周前借了这本词典。——你意思是说你只保留了半个月。
考查延续性与非延续性动词。根据“for only half a month.”可知，句子用现在完成时，且动词用延续性动词，排除C、D选项；结合“I borrowed this dictionary two weeks ago.”可知，此处是指保留了词典半个月，borrow的延续性动词是keep。故选A。
29．D
——自从我们来到这里已经几乎两年了。——时间过得多快！我们在寿春学习这么长时间了。
考查动词时态。study动词原形；studied过去式；will study一般将来时；have studied现在完成时。根据时间状语“for so long”和选项可知，应用现在完成时。故选D。
30．D
自2010年以来，政府在污染问题上花费很多。
考查动词时态。spent花费，过去式；spends一般现在时第三人称单数形式；will spend一般将来时；has spent现在完成时。根据时间状语“since 2010”可知，此处表示从过去持续到现在的动作，应使用现在完成时，故选D。
31．A
——格林夫妇结婚已经30年了。——哇！难怪他们在一起留下了很多美好的回忆。
考查动词时态。have been married已婚，表持续状态；got married结婚，表示过去的短暂动作；have got married错误表达；will get married将结婚，用于一般将来时。根据“for thirty years.”可知，空处需现在完成时，其结构为have/has+done，marry为短暂性动词，需变成延续性词be married，主语为复数，助动词用have。故选A。
32．C
自从我来到这所学校，我们就一直是朋友。
考查动词时态。根据“since”可知，since引导的时间状语从句，从句是一般过去时，主句用现在完成时。故选C。
33．C
Betty是国际象棋俱乐部的一员。她从小学开始就一直在下国际象棋。
考查动词时态。根据“since she was in primary school.”可知，这里是since+一般过去时的从句，主句用现在完成时have/has done的结构，故选C。
34．D
——罗伯特在这所学校学习多久了？——自2001年以来。
考查延续性动词和非延续性动词。been to the USA去过美国，是非延续性动词短语；joined the reading club参加阅读俱乐部，是非延续性动词短语；become an engineer当工程师，是非延续性动词短语；studied in that school在那所学校学习，是延续性动词短语，根据 how long和since 2001可知问句问的是一个时间段，谓语动词必须是延续性动词，study是延续性动作，可以与表示一段时间的状语连用。故选D。
35．D
那是5年前的事了。从那以后，我换了很多工作。
考查现在完成时。根据“since then”可知，此句时态为现在完成时，结构为have/has done。主语为I，助动词用have。故选D。
36．C 37．A 38．B 39．A 40．C 41．D 42．B 43．D 44．A 45．C
本文讲述蔬菜和大树因争夺资源产生矛盾，最终通过小南瓜的努力实现和解的故事，说明合作比对抗更重要。
36．事实上，蔬菜和树不能相处得很好。
soon很快；quietly安静地；well好；quickly快速地。根据“couldn’t get on”可知需搭配“well”，构成短语“get on well with”，意思是“相处融洽”，符合语境。故选C。
37．蔬菜讨厌这棵树，因为它们认为树用厚厚的叶子覆盖着它们，没有给它们留下足够的阳光，而树认为蔬菜在到达它之前几乎喝光了所有的水。
light阳光；water水；air空气；wind风。根据“covering them with its thick leaves”可知遮挡的是阳光。故选A。
38．有一天，蔬菜们决定耗尽地上所有的水，这样树就会干涸。
look up查阅；use up用完；pick up捡起；lift up举起。根据“dry up”可知目的是耗尽水分。故选B。
39．它们谁也没想到园丁会停止给菜地浇水，因为他认为挽救蔬菜是没有希望的。
hopeless无望的；important重要的；useful有用的；necessary必要的。根据“stop watering”可知他放弃了，认为没有希望挽救蔬菜类。故选A。
40．当园丁这样做的时候，树和蔬菜真的感到它们是多么口渴。
angry愤怒；hungry饥饿；thirsty口渴；comfortable舒适。根据“When the gardener did that”和缺水语境可知，园丁不浇水，它们就口渴。故选C。
41．然后一个小南瓜决定做点什么来改变这种情况。
accept接受；control控制；keep保持；change改变。根据“There seemed to be no way to solve the problem.”可知，需要改变这种状况。故选D。
42．小南瓜尽其所能地生长，尽管水很少，天气也太热了。
if如果；though尽管；but但是；and和。根据“The small pumpkin did all he could to grow ... there was little water and it was too hot.”可知，尽管缺水，但是小南瓜努力生长，though引导让步状语从句。故选B。
43．最后，园丁在枯萎的蔬菜中发现了长出来的南瓜，于是他又开始浇水。
watched观察；knew知道；sold出售；noticed注意到。根据“among the dying vegetables”强调注意到南瓜长出来了。故选D。
44．最后，园丁在枯萎的蔬菜中发现了长出来的南瓜，于是他又开始浇水。
so因此；but但是；because因为；while然而。根据“the growing pumpkin among the dying vegetables, ... he started to water the field again.”可知，前后为因果关系，前因后果。故选A。
45．他仍然想努力得到那个漂亮的南瓜。
decision决定；idea想法；effort努力；chance机会。根据“he started to water the field again”可知，他希望南瓜长得好。make an effort为固定搭配，意为“努力”。故选C。
46．B 47．C 48．C 49．D 50．A
本文主要讲述了一只饥饿的狼为了吃到羊，披上羊皮混入羊群，最终却被人当作肥羊做成晚餐的故事，同时传达了傻瓜总是会愚弄自己的道理。
46．推理判断题。根据“He thinks, ‘If I wear this sheepskin and stay with the sheep, the man won’t know I am a wolf. At night, I can get a young sheep and enjoy a delicious meal.’”可知，狼披上羊皮是想让那个人把它当成一只羊，这样它就有机会吃到羊了。故选B。
47．推理判断题。根据“He quickly runs into a group of sheep when the man is busy looking at the other sheep. In the evening, the man puts the wolf with the sheep in the same house.”以及狼一开始的计划“At night, I can get a young sheep and enjoy a delicious meal.”可知，当那个人把狼和羊放在同一个房子里时，狼离自己吃到羊的目标更近了，所以它可能会感到高兴。故选C。
48．推理判断题。狼本来想混入羊群吃到羊，结果却被人当作肥羊做成了晚餐，它的计划不仅没有成功，还把自己搭了进去，所以用Unlucky“不幸的”来描述这只狼最合适。故选C。
49．推理判断题。根据“He puts on the sheepskin, and looks up and down—nothing is wrong but he looks a little fat.”以及“But on that day, the man wants to make a big family dinner. He goes to the house to look for a fat sheep.”可知，那个人把狼当作晚餐是因为他以为这只披着羊皮的狼是一只肥羊。故选 D。
50．推理判断题。文章讲述了一只狼披着羊皮混入羊群最后却被人当作肥羊吃掉的故事，符合寓言故事的典型特征。故选A。
51．D 52．C 53．C 54．B 55．A
本文主要讲述了一只兔子通过自己的聪明才智从老虎嘴里逃脱的故事。
51．细节理解题。根据“One night, when the moon was very bright”可知，故事发生在晚上。故选D。
52．细节理解题。根据“Rabbit was resting near a river”可知兔子在河边休息，即a；根据“Suddenly, a loud voice woke him up. It was Tiger”可知老虎发现了兔子，想要吃了他，即c；根据“Come and share this delicious white cheese with me”可知兔子告诉老虎奶酪在河里，即b；根据“Tiger tied the stone around his foot and jumped into the river”可知老虎跳进了河里，即d。故正确顺序是a-c-b-d。故选C。
53．细节理解题。根据“Tiger tied the stone around his foot and jumped into the river”可知老虎脚上绑着石头，所以从河里出不来。故选C。
54．推理判断题。根据“Rabbit was very scared, but he had an idea”以及下文内容可知兔子想出了一个主意，骗过了老虎。故选B。
55．最佳标题题。本文主要讲述了一只兔子通过自己的聪明才智从老虎嘴里逃脱的故事，以选项A“一只聪明的兔子”为标题更合适。故选A。
56．C 57．C 58．B 59．C 60．A
本文讲述爱丽丝看到一只有口袋和手表的兔子后，出于好奇追赶兔子并跳进其钻入的地洞，最终落在一个深洞的干树叶上。
56．细节理解题。根据“Alice was sitting with her sister by the river and her sister was reading a book.”可知，爱丽丝的姐姐在河边读书。故选C。
57．细节理解题。根据“Then the rabbit took a watch out of its pocket and looked at it. A rabbit with a pocket and a watch ”可知，兔子居然带着口袋，还拿出手表看时间，这才让爱丽丝觉得奇怪，故选C。
58．细节理解题。根据“She found that she was falling down a very, very deep hole (洞). It was too dark for her to see anything.”可知，第三段提到洞里太黑，看不到任何东西，故选B。
59．细节理解题。根据“Suddenly a white rabbit (兔子) with pink eyes ran by.”可知，爱丽丝看到了一只粉红色眼睛的白兔跑了过去；根据“Alice got up and ran across the field after it.”可知，爱丽丝追在兔子后面；根据“She found that she was falling down a very, very deep hole (洞)”可知，爱丽丝掉进了洞里；根据“Suddenly she landed on some dry leaves.”可知，爱丽丝落在一些干树叶上。正确顺序是c—d—b—a。故选C。
60．推理判断题。分析文章内容，它描述了爱丽丝与一只会说话、带口袋和手表的兔子的奇幻遭遇，以及她随后跳入兔子洞的经历。这些情节充满了想象力和奇幻色彩，是典型的童话或故事书元素，属于文学故事类，故选A。
61．C 62．A 63．D 64．F 65．E
本文是A和B之间谈论如何交朋友的一段对话。
61．根据“I think you should talk more often with the people whom you want to make friends with!”可知，此处应是B在向A寻求建议，选项C“你能给我一些建议 吗？”符合语境。故选C。
62．根据“Go ahead please. I’m pleased to help you.”可知，此处应是B表达自己还有问题，选项A“不过我还有一个问题。”符合语境。故选A。
63．根据“Yes, of course.”可知，此处应选择一个一般疑问句，结合“Friends need to communicate with each other.”可知，此处B的问题应与保持联系有关，选项D“我应该试着要他们的电话号码吗？”符合语境。故选D。
64． 根据“What kind of friends should I make ”可知，此处A应回答应结交什么类型的朋友，选项F“你可以和任何类型的人交朋友。”符合语境。故选F。
65．根据“I became a friend to an old man and to a young kid.”及“Wow, that’s amazing.”可知，此处应是B在听完A的话之后，觉得交朋友并没有那么难，选项E“我不知道交朋友会这么容易。”符合语境。故选E。
66． get along/on well with
对照中英文可知，缺少“与……融洽相处”，用动词短语get along well with或get on well with。位于情态动词“can”后，动词用原形。故填get；along/on；well；with。
67． here and there
根据汉语提示和所给的三个空可知，here and there意为“到处”，副词短语，符合句意。故填here；and；there。
68． ask for advice
ask sb for advice“向某人征求意见”，should是情态动词，后跟动词原形。故填ask；for；advice。
69． arguing over/about
argue over/about“为……争吵”，为固定短语；根据“正在”可知，此句用现在进行时描述现在正在进行或发生的动作，be动词are后接现在分词arguing。故填arguing；over/about。
70． reached an agreement
reach an agreement“达成一致”，根据“yesterday”可知，此处用一般过去时，故填reached；an；agreement。
71．It is the quality of being friendly. 72．It helps us know about ourselves. It develops our problem-solving skills. /It also gives us the chance to be thankful. 73．She sat next to a new student at lunch. 74．Peter's act of kindness is great and helpful. The old lady is very old, so it is big help for her. He felt happy and the old lady felt thankful. Her family will be very happy.
本文介绍了善良的重要性，一个善良的举动可能影响人的一生。
71．根据第一段的“What is kindness then To be exact, kindness is the quality of being friendly.”可知，善良是友好的品质。故填It is the quality of being friendly.
72．根据第二段的“It helps us know about ourselves. It develops our problem-solving skills. It also gives us the chance to be thankful.”可知，表达善意对我们有不同的好处。它帮助我们了解自己；它能培养我们解决问题的能力；它也给了我们感恩的机会。故填It helps us know about ourselves. It develops our problem-solving skills. /It also gives us the chance to be thankful. (回答两个即可）
73．根据“I sat next to a new student at lunch. I was pleased because I made her day.”可知，琳达在吃午餐的时候坐在一位新同学旁边, 表达了善意。故填She sat next to a new student at lunch.
74．本题开放性试题，言之有理且无语法错误即可，注意字数要求。故填Peter’s act of kindness is great and helpful. The old lady is very old, so it is big help for her. He felt happy and the old lady felt thankful. Her family will be very happy.
75．(u)nhappy 76．(n)othing 77．(h)ome 78．(v)isited 79．(e)ither 80．(w)orking 81．(s)mile 82．(h)ard 83．(w)ithout 84．(h)appiest
本文是一篇寓言故事，主要讲述了英格兰一位富有但感到不快乐的富人寻找快乐的过程。
75．他有很多钱，但他一直感到不快乐。结合本句“He had a lot of money, but he felt …all the time.”及首字母提示可知，他虽然有很多钱，但他依然不开心。故填(u)nhappy。
76．老人看了他一眼，摇了摇头，什么也没说。结合“The old man had a look at him, shook his head and said …”及首字母提示可知，这个老人看了看他，摇了摇头，啥也没说。故填(n)othing。
77．最后，这个富人离开家去寻找幸福。结合上文所述和本句“Finally, the rich man left …to look for happiness.”以及首字母提示可知，这个富人在没有得到有关幸福的答案后，最终决定离开家去寻找幸福。故填(h)ome。
78．他游览了很多地方，遇到了很多有钱人，但他们都说自己也不开心。根据横线后的“many places”及首字母提示可知，横线处应表达游览，又本文时态为一般过去时，因此需填动词原形visit的过去式visited。故填(v)isited。
79．他游览了很多地方，遇到了很多有钱人，但他们都说自己也不开心。结合该否定句“but all of them said they were not happy …”及首字母提示可知，此处要表达他们所有人也不开心。故填(e)ither。
80．在回家的路上，这个富人看到一个农民在田里干活。结合“On his way home, the rich man saw a farmer …in the fields.”及首字母提示可知，此处要表达在回家的路上，这个富人看到一个农民在田里工作的那一瞬间。因此用“see sb doing sth看见某人正在做某事”这一句型。故填(w)orking。
81．农夫笑着回答说：“这很容易。”结合后文“That’s very easy.”及首字母提示可知，这位农民认为找到幸福对他来说很简单，因此才会笑着说。故填(s)mile。
82．“如果你努力工作，一天能吃上三顿饭且无忧无虑地早睡，你将是世界上最幸福的人。”结合分析句子结构以及首字母提示可知，此处需填副词hard以修饰动词“work”从而表达努力工作。故填(h)ard。
83．“如果你努力工作，一日三餐，无忧无虑地早睡，你将是世界上最幸福的人。”结合并列连词前的“have three meals a day”及首字母提示可知，此空需填without以表达和一天能吃上三顿饭这样同等美好的无忧无虑的早睡。故填(w)ithout。
84．“如果你努力工作，一日三餐，无忧无虑地早睡，你将是世界上最幸福的人。”结合横线前后的定冠词“the”和“in the world”以及首字母提示可知，此空需填happy的最高级形式happiest以表达你将是世界上最幸福的人。故填(h)appiest。
85．例文
Value Our Friendship
Friendship plays an important role in our life.
My best friend is Tom. He is tall and outgoing. He has black eyes and black hair. He is very thin. He is more hard-working than me. I am good at English, but he does well in maths. We like playing basketball. Both he and I like sports shows. Differences are not important in a friendship. We can respect and learn from each other. Although we have some differences, we are good friends.
When we are in trouble, we care about each other. We always encourage each other, so I cherish this friendship very much. I think he’s a true friend.
[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇演讲稿；
②时态：时态为“一般现在时”；
③提示：根据写作要点以及提示问题，来介绍一下你的好朋友，可适当增加细节。
[写作步骤]
第一步，点明友谊的重要性，引出下文；
第二步，介绍自己最好的朋友是谁，具体阐述你与他/她之间的异同；
第三步，总结怎样珍惜友谊。
[亮点词汇]
①be good at 擅长
②do well in 在……某方面干得好
③learn from 向……学习
④be in trouble 有麻烦
[高分句型]
①Although we have some differences, we are good friends. (although引导让步状语从句)
②When we are in trouble, we care about each other. (when引导时间状语从句)
③I think he’s a true friend. (that省略的宾语从句)(共12张PPT)
外研版2024八年级上册
Unit 2 Getting along
单元测试·培优卷 答案
一.听力
1-5：1．B 2．C 3．B 4．A 5. A
6-10：6．C 7．B 8．C 9．A 10．B
11-15：11．A 12．B 13．C 14．B 15．A
16．novels 17．exciting 18．Jim 19．new things
20．a writer
一、快速核对
21. B 22.D 23. D 24. A 25. B
26. C 27．D 28．A 29．D 30．D
31．A 32．C 33．C 34．D 35．D
二、单项选择
36．C 37．A 38．B 39．A 40．C 41．D 42．B 43．D 44．A 45．C
三、完形填空
第一节
A:46．B 47．C 48．C 49．D 50．A
B:51．D 52．C 53．C 54．B 55．A
c:56．C 57．C 58．B 59．C 60．A
四、阅读理解
61．C 62．A 63．D 64．F 65．E
五、补全对话
66．get along/on well with
67．here and there
68． ask for advice
69．arguing over/about
70．reached an agreement
六、完成句子
71．It is the quality of being friendly.
72．It helps us know about ourselves. It develops our problem-solving skills. /It also gives us the chance to be thankful.
73．She sat next to a new student at lunch.
74．Peter's act of kindness is great and helpful. The old lady is very old, so it is big help for her. He felt happy and the old lady felt thankful. Her family will be very happy.
七、任务型阅读
75．(u)nhappy 76．(n)othing 77．(h)ome
78．(v)isited 79．(e)ither 80．(w)orking
81．(s)mile 82．(h)ard 83．(w)ithout
84．(h)appiest
八、短文填空
Value Our Friendship
Friendship plays an important role in our life.
My best friend is Tom. He is tall and outgoing. He has black eyes and black hair. He is very thin. He is more hard-working than me. I am good at English, but he does well in maths. We like playing basketball. Both he and I like sports shows. Differences are not important in a friendship.
九、书面表达
We can respect and learn from each other. Although we have some differences, we are good friends.
When we are in trouble, we care about each other. We always encourage each other, so I cherish this friendship very much. I think he’s a true friend.

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