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2025-2026学年八年级上册英语单元全真模拟培优卷沪教版（2024）
Unit 2 Amazing numbers
注意事项：
1．本试卷共七大题，满分120分（不含听力口语30分），考试用时100分钟；
2．答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考点名称、考场号、座位号用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔填写在答题卡相对应的位置上，并认真核对条形码上的准考号、姓名是否与本人的相符合；
3．答选择题必须用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案；答非选择题必须用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔写在答题卡指定的位置上，不在答题区域内的答案一律无效，不得用其他笔答题；
4．考生答题必须答在答题卡上，答在试卷和草稿纸上一律无效。
第一部分 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读短文，掌握大意，从A, B, C, D中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A long time ago, there was a king in India. The king’s favourite game was 1 . One day, a wise old man came to the palace and the king 2 him to a game. The king promised the old man, “You can have 3 prize if you win the game. ”
The old man said, “If I win the game, I’d like one grain of rice for the first square of the chessboard, two for the second, 4 for the third, and then double the amount for each of the rest of the squares. ”
“Is that all ” asked the king, “Wouldn’t you like gold 5 silver instead ”
“No, just rice”, replied the old man.
The king and the old man played the game 6 a long time. 7 the old man won. So the king ordered his men to collect a bag of rice. He put one 8 on the first square, two on the second and so on. The king quickly realized the 9 —even with all the rice in the country, he would still not have 10 rice to put on all the squares!
1．A．football B．chess C．baseball D．piano
2．A．wanted B．challenged C．promised D．asked
3．A．any B．a C．some D．many
4．A．six B．five C．four D．three
5．A．and B．or C．as well D．but
6．A．for B．since C．in D．during
7．A．At first B．At last C．At least D．At most
8．A．piece B．bar C．bunch D．grain
9．A．thing B．question C．matter D．problem
10．A．many B．any C．enough D．every
第二部分 阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）
请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Do you have a lucky number Many people have a special number and they hope that it will bring them good luck. In China, people think some numbers are lucky or unlucky because those numbers sound similar to some Chinese words with good or bad meanings.
For example, the word for number 8 sounds like “making lots of money” in Chinese. So, people think it is a very lucky number. Some people even spend much more money to have 8s in their phone numbers. Do you remember the Summer Olympic Games in Beijing It opened at 8:00 p.m. on August 8, 2008
The number 9 is also a lucky number because of its connection to the emperors of China. There were nine dragons on the emperors’ robes (龙袍) and it’s told in many ancient Chinese stories that the dragon has nine children. The number 9 also means “long lasting”. In China, a man would send 99 or 999 roses to his lover with the wishes that the love between them will be long-lasting.
What’s more, the Chinese think that the number 2 is lucky as it’s said that “all good things come in pairs”. For example, during wedding celebrations, you usually find pairs of red candles, double pillows and many other things in pairs. And people often give gifts in pairs for someone’s birthday, wedding or other celebrations.
So what’s an unlucky number in China It might be 4. Many Chinese people see 4 as an unlucky number because it sounds similar to the Chinese word “death”. Because of this, many buildings skip the fourth floor. In Hong Kong, some buildings even skip all floors numbered with 4, such as 4, 14, 24 and 34. As a result, a building with 50 floors may have only 36 floors actually.
11．What makes Chinese people believe a number is lucky or unlucky
A．The shape of the number. B．The quantity of the number.
C．The history of the number. D．The sound of the number in Chinese.
12．Some people would pay much more money for ________.
A．the Summer Olympic Games B．the phone numbers with 8s
C．the emperors’ robes D．the wedding celebrations
13．Why would a man like to send 99 roses to his lover
A．Because he thinks that women love roses the best.
B．Because the number 9 has a connection to the emperors of China.
C．Because he hopes that he will be in love with the woman for a long time.
D．Because he wishes that he will have lots of children with the woman in the future.
14．In Hong Kong, you may NOT find the ________ floor in some buildings.
A．50th B．35th C．46th D．17th
15．What is the purpose of the passage
A．To describe numbers and ancient stories in China.
B．To introduce lucky and unlucky numbers in Chinese culture.
C．To help readers find their lucky and unlucky numbers.
D．To compare different meanings of numbers in different countries.
B
Some problems are difficult to solve in our life. However, there are a lot of number expressions (表达) that can help. Today, I will talk about expressions about numbers.
Sometimes we can “kill two birds with one stone”. That is to say, we can complete two goals with only one effort or action. But we must remember that “two wrongs don’t make a right”. If someone does something bad to you, you should not do the same to him.
When I was a young child in school, I liked learning Maths. My teacher used to “give me three cheers” when I did well in Maths, praising (赞扬) my hard work and good grades.
When I was in high school, some of my friends once had trouble doing their schoolwork. In fact, they did not care if they could finish high school. But it seemed that they really got a surprise when they completed their studies and graduated from high school. They were on cloud nine.
Nine times out of ten, students who do well in school often find good jobs. Some people work in an office doing the same things every day at nine-to-five jobs. However, it’s good to know happiness at work isn’t just about money.
16．What does the second paragraph mainly tell us
A．The ways to find answers.
B．Two problems are difficult to solve.
C．The importance of working together.
D．The meanings of two expressions about numbers.
17．When we ride a bike to a park instead of driving a ear, we can save money as well as protecting the environment. Which expression can we use here
A．Put two and two together. B．Two heads are better than one.
C．Kill two birds with one stone. D．Two wrongs don’t make a right.
18．What do the underlined words “on cloud nine” mean
A．Sad. B．Joyful. C．Surprised. D．Afraid.
19．Which of the following is TRUE
A．Students who study well often find good jobs.
B．When someone hurts you, you should hurt him back.
C．All problems can be solved easily with number expressions.
D．The writer’s favourite subject was Maths when he was young.
20．What’s the main purpose of the passage
A．To encourage us to study hard.
B．To show different meanings of “two”.
C．To introduce some interesting number expressions.
D．To tell us some ways of solving some Maths problems.
C
Many people hope lucky numbers will bring them good luck. In Chinese culture, some numbers are believed to be lucky or unlucky according to the Chinese characters that the number sounds similar to. For example, the number 8 sounds similar to the Chinese character for “making a fortune(发财)”. So people think it’s a lucky number. Some even spend a lot of money having the number 8 in their phone numbers or vehicle license plate numbers. The opening ceremony of the Beijing Olympics Games began at 8:08 p.m. on 8 August, 2008.
The number 9 is also a lucky number because of its connection to the emperors(皇帝) of ancient China. There were nine dragons on the emperors’ robes(袍). It’s said that the dragon has nine children. The number 9 also stands for “long lasting”. That’s why a man always gives a woman 99 or 999 roses.
Then what’s the unlucky number in China It might be the number 4. Many Chinese people take 4 as an unlucky number because it sounds similar to the Chinese character for “death”. Because of this, some buildings skip the fourth floor, and people simply call it the fifth floor. In Hong Kong, some buildings even skip all floors numbered with 4, such as 4, 14, 24, 34, and all 40-49 floors. However, in many Western countries, some buildings skip the 13th floor because 13 is considered as an unlucky number.
21．In China, for which character does the number 8 sound similar to
A．Having more money. B．Keeping healthy.
C．Making a fortune. D．Getting more chances.
22．Why does a man always give a woman 99 or 999 roses
A．Because he wants the woman to have a long life.
B．Because he hopes they will live to 100 years old.
C．Because he hopes their relation will last a long time.
D．Because most women like the number 99 or 999.
23．In China,what is the fourth floor of some buildings called
A．The fifth floor. B．The fourth floor A．
C．The fifth floor A． D．The fifth floor B．
24．Which is the unlucky number in Western countries according to the passage
A．4. B．24. C．7. D．13.
25．What can we learn from the text
A．Chinese people don’t build the fourth floor because it’s unlucky.
B．Westerners skip the 13th floor because the number sounds similar to the word for “death”.
C．Men always give women 99 roses because they want to have nine children.
D．Some numbers may be considered as unlucky because of their sounds in China.
D
Westerners don’t like the number 13. Here are several reasons.
It is said that Jesus had a meal with his disciples (门徒) before he was killed. The 13th person who attended the meal was Judas, a disciple of Jesus. He sold Jesus to the Jewish authorities (官方) for 30 silver dollars, and this brought Jesus a lot of suffering. 13 people attended the final meal. The date of the meal was just the 13th. The number 13 brought suffering and unluckiness to Jesus. Since then, 13 has been considered a symbol of unluckiness.
There is also a saying that came from the myth (神话) of Northern Europe. 12 gods attended the Havra banquet. During the banquet, an uninvited guest, Luo Qi, the god of worry and noise, suddenly came. The god Bolt was popular among other gods. The intrusion (闯入) of the 13th visitor led to Bolt’s death. Therefore, 13 has become the unluckiest number in the Western world.
Westerners try their best not to use the number 13. In Netherlands, it is difficult to find the 13th house numbers. They replaced the 13th with “12A”. You can’t find the 13th rows and the 13th seats in British theaters. In addition, if the 13th day of a month is Friday, this Friday will be called Black Friday.
26．What’s the relationship between Jesus and Judas
A．Father and son. B．Friends. C．Brothers. D．Teacher and student.
27．Who was the 13th person that attended the meal
A．Bolt. B．Da Vinci. C．Luo Qi. D．Judas.
28．What do we know about Luo Qi from this passage
A．He was the god of lucky and noise. B．He was welcomed by other gods.
C．His intrusion led to Bolt’s death. D．He was a disciple of Jesus.
29．How many stories about the unlucky number 13 are mentioned in this passage
A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four.
30．Which of the following is TRUE according to this passage
A．Jesus was the 13th person to attend the Havra banquet.
B．Jesus had suffered a lot after he was sold by Judas.
C．In the UK, it is difficult to find the 13th house numbers.
D．Black Friday is the 13th day of a month.
第三部分 信息还原（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
阅读短文，并从下列的六个句子中选择五个还原到原文中，使原文的意思完整、连贯。
Nirmal Purja has set several world records after climbing the world’s 14 highest mountains in less than seven months.
31 Though he was born 1,600 meters above sea level, he didn’t climb any scrious mountains until he was 29.
But Mr. Purja, now 36, was trained to be strong. He used to be a soldier in the British army, where he had special training for fighting in very cold weather. 32
There are only 14 mountains in the world that are higher than 8,000 meters. Mr. Purja had already climbed several of them. 33 The old record for climbing the 14 mountains was seven years, ten months and six days. It was set by South Korean climber Kim Chang-ho in 2013.
Mr. Purja named his challenge “Project Possible”. 34 On October 29, just a little more than six months after he started, Nirmal Purja had finished climbing the l4th mountain.
Though Mr. Purja completed his challenge unbelievably quickly, it wasn’t easy. For example, during one day of climbing Shishapangma, Mr. Purja and his team climbed for l5 hours nonstop. 35
A．The situation there was so difficult that no one believed he would succeed.
B．Mr. Purja was born in Nepal, in the Himalayas.
C．He began on April 23, by climbing Annapuma in Nepal.
D．His goal was to climb all of them in less than seven months.
E．They had to deal with winds as fast as 75 kilometeres per hour.
F．In 2018, he left there to follow his dream of mountain climbing.
第四部分 词汇运用（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）
第一节 根据下列句子所给汉语注释或首字母，写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。每空限填一词。
36．The teacher asked her students to (count) the number of books on the shelf.
37．Tom (challenge) his friend to a chess game, and finally he won.
38．Though I said nothing, he knew (exact) what I was trying to tell him.
39．Learning about number theories (improve) our math knowledge.
40．We can find many number (pattern) in nature.
41．The Earth is getting more and more crowded as the global population is still g .
42．This house u to be home to a big family. Now the house seems so empty after the family all moved out.
43．As usual, it’s time to go to the sea to feed t of seabirds there.
44．If you go to Xi’an, a(n) a capital of thirteen dynasties, you can’t miss its places of historical interest.
45．Sichuan opera was first performed in the Tang dynasty in Sichuan and later d into a popular art form in China.
从下面方框中选出10个单词，将其正确形式填入短文，使短文意思正确通顺(每词限用一次)。
act compare creative interest well use matter introduce remember research wide similar
Du Fu (712-770), one of the greatest poets in China, is 46 known among us Chinese people because his poems (诗) are still 47 in our primary and middle school Chinese textbooks. However, only a few know about him in the Western world.
Recently the BBC (英国广播公司) has made a one-hour documentary (纪录片) called Du Fu: China's Greatest Poet. This English-language documentary gives a perfect 48 to the great poet Du Fu. In it, Du Fu is 49 with Dante (但丁) in Italy and Shakespeare (莎士比亚) in Britain.
British historian Michael Wood travels around 50 Du’s life in the documentary. He visits a number of places, such as Gongyi in Henan, the poet’s birthplace, and Du Fu Thatched Cottage (杜甫草堂) in Chengdu, where Du 51 to live. Along the way, he interviews people who tell 52 stories of Du Fu, who had a hard time in his later years but never stopped writing or showing care and worries about his country and people.
Du’s poems have been popular for centuries. Why “Chinese people pay much attention to 53 history. And Du Fu was very 54 at reflecting (反映) real life of that time in his poems. So his poems allow us to learn about many historical events.” said a teacher at Renmin University. Known as China's “saint of poetry (诗圣)”, Du Fu had amazing 55 in poetry (诗歌). He wrote a large number of poems in his lifetime. And today about 1,500 of his poems are still for us to enjoy.
第五部分 短文填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词或用括号中所给词的正确形式填空。
Once upon a time, there was a detective (侦探) named Detective Maths. He was very good 56 solving maths problems and loved to help people with their calculations. One day, he received a letter from the Maths Kingdom. 57 letter said that a number had gone missing in the kingdom. The king asked Detective Maths 58 (help) his kingdom!
Detective Maths packed 59 (he) notebook and pencil and set off. He soon arrived at the Maths Kingdom, a place filled with colourful numbers and 60 (friend) maths symbols. The king said, “Because of the missing number, all our calculations are wrong. I know you have the 61 (able) to solve this case (案件). Please help us.”
Detective Maths started investigating (调查) by 62 (talk) to the numbers and symbols. He asked them if they had seen anything strange or unusual. The numbers and symbols said no.
Then Detective Maths 63 (check) all the calculations in the Kingdom. After working out many maths problems and puzzles 64 (correct), Detective Maths finally found that the missing number was 5. He also discovered a number thief (小偷) hiding in a secret cave. The thief was a little number named Zero. Zero took away the missing number 65 he wanted to be the only number in the Maths Kingdom. Detective Maths told Zero that all numbers were important and that they needed to work together.
阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
Counting before numbers
Before the invention of written numbers, people used many different ways to count things.
At first, people used their fingers, and (A) _______ their toes. However, they could only count small numbers in this way.
After that, they began to make small marks on sticks and bones. This helped them count bigger numbers. They used them to count things (B)such as the days of the month, the amount of food and the number of animals they had.
Then people began to use tokens made from clay or small stones. (C) 这帮助他们数甚至更大的数字. They often put the tokens on pieces of string so that they could carry them around easily. This developed (D)________ tools like the abacus.
(E) At last, people began to develop systems of written marks to show different numbers, and this led to the Hindu-Arabic system(0-9). (F)We are still using this system today.
66．写出文中画线部分(B)和(E)的同义词或近义词： ;
67．在文中(A)和(D)的空白处填入适当的单词： ;
68．将文中画线部分(C)译成英语：
69．将文中画线部分(F)改写为： This system still by us today.
70．从文中找出两个描写人的身体部分的名词：
书面表达（共1题；满分25分）
71．请以“日常生活中的数字”为题写一篇短文。
内容提示：1. 你认为数字在我们日常生活中重要吗
2. 日常生活中，我们都在什么时候会使用到数字
3. 假如我们的生活中没有了数字，那会是怎样的呢
要求：80词左右，可适当发挥。
【点拨】
1.人称：第一人称 2.时态：一般现在时 谋篇布局
1. calculation 计算 2. solve problems 解决问题 3. show the prices 展示价钱 4. in a mess 处于混乱 好词
Without numbers, it will be difficult for us to even tell the time. 没有了数字，即使是报时对我们来说也是件难事。 好句
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/ 让学习更有效 新课备课备考 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 新课备课备考 | 英语学科
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参考答案及试题解析
1．B 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．B 6．A 7．B 8．D 9．D 10．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了印度的一个国王很喜欢下棋，一天一个老人来到皇宫与他下棋，国王说如果他能赢，什么条件都答应他，老人的要求就是棋盘的第一个格子一粒米，第二个格子两粒米，第三个格子四粒米，依此类推，每多一个格子米粒的数量都是上一个格子的两倍。国王觉得这是小事一桩，后来老人赢了，国王才意识到就算倾全国的力量，也不够付所有的米。
1．句意：国王最喜欢的游戏是国际象棋。
football足球；chess国际象棋；baseball棒球；piano钢琴。根据下文“I’d like one grain of rice for the first square of the chessboard”，可知，提到了棋盘，故这个国王很喜欢下棋。故选B。
2．句意：一天，一个老人来到王宫，国王向他挑战，要和他来一场比赛。
wanted想要；challenged挑战；promised承诺；asked问。根据“the king promised the old man”可知，老人来到王宫，国王向他挑战。故选B。
3．句意：如果你赢了比赛，你可以拥有任何奖励。
any任何；a 一个；some一些；many许多。根据“if you win the game.”可知，如果老人赢了比赛，就可以获得任何奖励。故选A。
4．句意：老人说：“如果我赢了，我想在棋盘的第一个方格放一粒米，第二个方格里放两粒米，第三个方格里放四粒米，然后在剩余的每个方格里放两倍的米。”
six六；five五；four四；three三。根据“for the first square of the chessboard, two for the second”可知，第一格放一粒米，第二个放两粒米，故第三个放四粒米。故选C。
5．句意：你不想要金子或者银子来代替吗？
and和；or或者；as well也；but但是。根据上文可知，国王认为大米的要求很简单，问智者要不要用黄金或者银子来代替。故选B。
6．句意：国王和老人比赛了很长时间。
for长达；since自从；in在……里；during在……期间。根据“...a long time”f可知，需介词for，for a long time表示“一段长的时间”。故选A。
7．句意：最后老人赢了。
At first起初；At last最后；At least至少；At most最多。根据“the old man won.”可知，老人最后获胜了。故选B。
8．句意：他在第一个方格上放一粒，在第二个方格上放两粒，以此类推。
piece块；bar条；bunch串；grain粒。根据上文可知，在方格里放大米粒。故选D。
9．句意：国王很快意识到了这个问题——即使用上国家所有的大米，他仍然没有足够的大米放进格子里。
thing事情；question问题；matter事情；problem问题。根据“he would still not have...rice to put on all the squares!”可知，这个国家的大米都不够给老人，因此国王意识到了这个问题。故选D。
10．句意：国王很快意识到了这个问题——即使用上国家所有的大米，他仍然没有足够的大米放进格子里。
many许多；any任何；enough足够的；every每一个。根据“even with all the rice in the country”可知，即使是国家所有的大米，仍然不够给老人。故选C。
11．D 12．B 13．C 14．C 15．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了在中国文化中，人们根据数字的中文发音来判断其为幸运数或不幸运数字，并说明了相关原因和体现。
11．细节理解题。根据“In China, people think some numbers are lucky or unlucky because those numbers sound similar to some Chinese words with good or bad meanings.”可知，中国人认为数字幸运或不幸运是因为数字在中文里的发音。故选D。
12．细节理解题。根据“Some people even spend much more money to have 8s in their phone numbers.”可知，有些人会花更多的钱买带8的电话号码。故选B。
13．细节理解题。根据“The number 9 also means ‘long lasting’. In China, a man would send 99 or 999 roses to his lover with the wishes that the love between them will be long-lasting.”可知，男人喜欢送99朵玫瑰给爱人是因为他希望能和这个女人相爱很长时间。故选C。
14．细节理解题。根据“In Hong Kong, some buildings even skip all floors numbered with 4, such as 4, 14, 24 and 34.”可知，在香港，一些建筑物会跳过所有带4的楼层，46中含4，而选项中其他楼层也不涉及4。选C。
15．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了中国文化中的幸运数和不幸运数。故选B。
16．D 17．C 18．B 19．A 20．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了一些与数字相关的表达。
16．段落大意题。根据第二段“Sometimes we can ‘kill two birds with one stone’. That is to say, we can complete two goals with only one effort or action. But we must remember that ‘two wrongs don’t make a right’. If someone does something bad to you, you should not do the same to him.”可知，第二段主要告诉我们关于数字的两个表达的含义。故选D。
17．推理判断题。根据第二段“Sometimes we can ‘kill two birds with one stone’. That is to say, we can complete two goals with only one effort or action.”可知，“一举两得”的意思是我们只需要一次努力或一次行动就可以完成两个目标。由此推知，当我们骑自行车去公园而不是开车时，我们既能省钱又能保护环境。这里我们可以用“一举两得”来表达。故选C。
18．词义猜测题。根据第四段“In fact, they did not care if they could finish high school. But it seemed that they really got a surprise when they completed their studies and graduated from high school.”可知，事实上，他们不在乎是否能完成高中学业。但是当他们完成学业，高中毕业时，他们似乎真的得到了一个惊喜；再结合下一句“They were on cloud nine.”可知，此处应表示他们很高兴。由此猜测，on cloud nine意为joyful“高兴的”。故选B。
19．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Nine times out of ten, students who do well in school often find good jobs.”可知，十有八九，在学校学习好的学生往往能找到好工作。故选A。
20．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Today, I will talk about expressions about numbers.”并通读全文可知，本文旨在介绍一些有趣的数字表达方式。故选C。
21．C 22．C 23．A 24．D 25．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了中国一些幸运和不幸运的数字。
21．细节理解题。根据“For example, the number 8 sounds similar to the Chinese character for ‘making a fortune’.”可知，数字8听起来和汉字“发财”很像。故选C。
22．细节理解题。根据“It’s said that the dragon has nine children. The number 9 also stands for ‘long lasting’. That’s why a man always gives a woman 99 or 999 roses.”可知，据说龙有九个孩子，数字9也代表“持久”，这就是为什么男人总是给女人99或999朵玫瑰。故选C。
23．细节理解题。根据“Because of this, some buildings skip the fourth floor, and people simply call it the fifth floor.”可知，有些建筑跳过了第四层，人们就叫它第五层。故选A。
24．细节理解题。根据“However, in many Western countries, some buildings skip the 13th floor because 13 is considered as an unlucky number.”可知，在许多西方国家，一些建筑跳过13层，因为13被认为是一个不吉利的数字。故选D。
25．推理判断题。根据“In Chinese culture, some numbers are believed to be lucky or unlucky according to the Chinese characters that the number sounds similar to.”可知，在中国文化中，根据与数字发音相似的汉字，一些数字被认为是幸运的或不幸运的。故选D。
26．D 27．D 28．C 29．B 30．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了西方人不喜欢数字13的一些原因。
26．细节理解题。根据第二段“... Judas, a disciple of Jesus.”可知，Judas是Jesus的门徒，也就是学生，所以他俩是老师和学生的关系。故选D。
27．细节理解题。根据第二段“The 13th person who attended the meal was Judas…”可知，第13位参加宴会的是Judas。故选D。
28．细节理解题。根据第三段“…Luo Qi, the god of worry and noise, suddenly came…The intrusion (闯入) of the 13th visitor led to Bolt’s death.”可知，Luo Qi的闯入导致Bolt的死亡。故选C。
29．细节理解题。本文讲的关于数字13的故事包括：Jesus和他的门徒Judas的故事以及Luo Qi和Bolt的故事，一共两个。故选B。
30．细节理解题。根据第一段“He sold Jesus to the Jewish authorities for 30 silver dollars, and this brought Jesus a lot of suffering.”可知，Jesus被Judas出卖后，遭受了很多痛苦。故选B。
31．B 32．F 33．D 34．C 35．E
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Purja先生挑战攀登世界上14座高于8,000米山峰的经历。
31．根据下一句“Though he was born 1,600 meters above sea level”可知，他出生在海拔1,600米以上的地方，由此可知此处应是谈到他的出生地。选项B“Purja先生出生于喜马拉雅山脉的尼泊尔。”符合语境。故选B。
32．根据下文“Mr. Purja had already climbed several of them.”可知，Purja先生已经攀登过世界上的几座高峰，由此可知下文开始介绍他的登山经历，因此此处应是过渡句，开启谈论他登山的话题。选项F“在2018年，他离开了军队，继续他的登山之梦。”符合语境。故选F。
33．根据上文“There are only 14 mountains in the world that are higher than 8,000 meters. Mr. Purja had already climbed several of them.”可知，世界上只有14座高于8,000米的高山，而Purja先生已经攀登过其中几座，因此接下来应是说明他的登山目标。选项D“他的目标是要在七个月内的时间里攀登所有高于8,000米的山峰。”符合语境。故选D。
34．根据下一句“On October 29, just a little more than six months after he started, Nirmal Purja had finished climbing the l4th mountain.”可知，在10月29日，就在他开始登山之后仅六个月多一点的时间，他就完成了攀登第14座山峰，由此可知，此处应是介绍他开始登山的时间。选项C“他于4月23日开始攀登尼泊尔的安纳普马。”符合语境。故选C。
35．根据上文“Though Mr. Purja completed his challenge unbelievably quickly, it wasn’t easy.”可知尽管Purja先生以难以置信的速度完成了他的挑战，但这并不容易。说明此处应是介绍挑战过程中遇到的困难。选项E“他们必须应对风速高达每小时75公里的大风。”符合语境。故选E。
36．count
【解析】句意：老师叫她的学生数书架上的书的数量。根据空格前“The teacher asked her students to”，结合所给词可知，此处考查：ask sb to do sth，固定搭配，意为“叫某人做某事”，所以此处应该填入动词原形count，与to构成不定式，作宾语补足语。故填count。
37．challenged
【解析】句意：汤姆向他的朋友挑战下一盘国际象棋，最后他赢了。根据“and finally he won”可知，句子描述的是过去发生的动作，要用一般过去时。challenge的过去式是challenged。故填challenged。
38．exactly
【解析】句意：虽然我什么也没说，但他确切地知道我想告诉他什么。此处需填exact的副词形式exactly“确切地”来修饰动词knew。故填exactly。
39．improves
【解析】句意：学习数论可以提高我们的数学知识。improve“提高”，动词；动名词作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填improves。
40．patterns
【解析】句意：我们可以在自然界中找到许多数字模式。many修饰复数名词，故填patterns。
41．(g)rowing
【解析】句意：随着全球人口的持续增长，地球正变得越来越拥挤。根据“the global population is still g...”可知，是指全球人口仍在增长，用现在分词growing“增长”与is构成现在进行时。故填(g)rowing。
42．(u)sed
【解析】句意：这座房子曾经是一个大家庭的家。全家人都搬走后，现在这所房子显得空荡荡的。根据后文“Now the house seems so empty after the family all moved out.”，结合首字母提示可知，此处考查：used to do sth，一般过去时的结构，意为“过去常常做某事”，所以此处应该填入used，表达这座房子曾经是一个大家庭的家。故填(u)sed。
43．(t)housands
【解析】句意：像往常一样，是时候去海里喂那里的成千上万只海鸟了。根据空格后“of seabirds”，结合首字母提示可知，此处是指成千上万只海鸟，应该填入thousands，thousands of，意为“成千上万的”。故填(t)housands。
44．(a)ncient
【解析】句意：如果你去西安——十三朝古都，你不能错过它的历史名胜。根据“capital of thirteen dynasties”及首字母提示可知，此处说西安是十三朝古都，ancient“古老的”，形容词作定语。故填(a)ncient。
45．(d)eveloped
【解析】句意：川剧最早在唐代在四川演出，后来发展成为中国流行的艺术形式。根据“Sichuan opera was first performed”可知，此句时态为一般过去时，空处与“was”是并列关系，填动词过去式作谓语。根据“into a popular art form”和首字母提示可知，此处指川剧发展成流行的艺术形式。develop“发展”，动词，过去式为developed。故填(d)eveloped。
46．widely 47．active 48．introduction 49．compared 50．to research 51．used 52．similar 53．remembering 54．good 55．creativity
【导语】本文主要介绍了中国最伟大的诗人之一杜甫的生平和他的作品，并通过BBC制作的一部纪录片《杜甫：中国最伟大的诗人》来展现杜甫在中国和西方世界的影响力及其诗歌作品中所反映的中国古代历史。
46．句意：杜甫（712—770），中国最伟大的诗人之一，在中国人中广为人知，因为他的诗歌仍然活跃在我们的中小学中文课本中。根据“his poems (诗) are still ... in our primary and middle school Chinese textbooks.”及备选词可知，是指杜甫在中国广为人知，用副词widely“广泛地”，修饰动词known。故填widely。
47．句意：杜甫（712—770），中国最伟大的诗人之一，在中国人中广为人知，因为他的诗歌仍然活跃在我们的中小学中文课本中。根据“his poems (诗) are still ... in our primary and middle school Chinese textbooks.”及备选词可知，是指他的诗仍然活跃在中小学语文课本中，空处用形容词active“活跃的”，作表语。故填active。
48．句意：这部英语纪录片完美地介绍了伟大的诗人杜甫。根据“This English-language documentary gives a perfect ... to the great poet Du Fu.”可知，是指纪录片对杜甫做了一个完美的介绍，a后跟名词单数introduction“介绍”。故填introduction。
49．句意：在纪录片里，杜甫被比作意大利的但丁和英国莎士比亚。根据“with Dante (但丁) in Italy and Shakespeare (莎士比亚) in Britain.”可知，此处是be compared with“与……相比”，固定短语。故填compared。
50．句意：英国历史学家迈克尔·伍德在纪录片中走遍各地研究杜的生活。根据“Michael Wood travels around ... Du’s life”可知，四处旅游是为了研究杜甫的生活，空处用不定式to research“研究”，作目的状语。故填to research。
51．句意：他访问了许多地方，如河南巩义，这是诗人的出生地，以及杜甫草堂，它是杜甫曾经居住的地方。根据“and Du Fu Thatched Cottage (杜甫草堂) in Chengdu, where Du ... to live.”可知，杜甫草堂是杜甫过去居住的地方，used to do“过去常常做”。故填used。
52．句意：一路上，他采访了那些讲述杜甫类似故事的人，杜甫晚年生活艰难，但从未停止写作，也从未停止关心和担忧他的国家和人民。根据“who had a hard time in his later years but never stopped writing or showing care and worries about his country and people.”可知，人们讲述着类似的故事，similar“类似的”，形容词作定语。故填similar。
53．句意：中国人非常重视记住历史。根据“So his poems allow us to learn about many historical events.”可知，中国人注重铭记历史，remember“记住”，to是介词，后跟动名词。故填remembering。
54．句意：杜甫善于在诗中反映那个时代的真实生活。be good at“擅长做某事”。故填good。
55．句意：杜甫被称为中国的“诗圣”，他在诗歌创作方面具有惊人的创造力。根据“Du Fu had amazing ... in poetry”可知，杜甫在诗歌创作上有惊人的创造力，creativity“创造力”，不可数名词。故填creativity。
56．at 57．The 58．to help 59．his 60．friendly 61．ability 62．talking 63．checked 64．correctly 65．because
【导语】本文主要讲述了数学侦探为数学王国找回丢失的数字的故事。
56．句意：他非常擅长解决数学问题，并且喜欢帮助人们进行计算。be good at doing sth.“擅长做某事”为固定用法，故填at。
57．句意：信中说，王国中有个数字失踪了。上句提到“he received a letter from the Maths Kingdom”，此处特指那封信，应用定冠词the修饰；空处位于句首，首字母应大写。故填The。
58．句意：国王请求数学侦探帮助他的王国！ask sb. to do sth.“请求某人做某事”为固定结构，故填to help。
59．句意：数学侦探收拾好他的笔记本和铅笔，然后出发了。空处修饰其后的名词notebook and pencil，应用形容词性物主代词。故填his。
60．句意：他很快就抵达了数学王国，一个充满五彩数字和友好数学符号的地方。此处应用名词friend的形容词形式friendly（友好的）来修饰后面的maths symbols。故填friendly。
61．句意：我知道你有能力解决这个案子。have the ability to do sth.“有能力做某事”为固定用法，故此处填able的名词形式ability。
62．句意：数学侦探通过与数字和符号交谈开始了调查。空处位于介词by后，应用动名词形式。故填talking。
63．句意：然后数学侦探检查了王国里的所有计算。通读全文可知，时态为一般过去时，此处应填动词的过去式。故填checked。
64．句意：在正确解出许多数学题和谜题后，数学侦探最终发现缺失的数字是5。此处修饰动词短语work out，应用correct的副词形式correctly，表示“正确地”。故填correctly。
65．句意：0拿走了缺失的数字，因为他想成为数学王国中唯一的数字。空处前后内容存在因果关系，且空后表示原因，应用because引导原因状语从句。故填because。
66． like Finally 67． even into 68．This helped them count even bigger numbers. 69． is used 70． fingers toes
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了在书面数字发明之前，人们用许多不同的方法来计数。
66．“such as”表示“例如”，相当于介词“like”；“At last”表示“最后”，相当于副词“Finally”。故填like；Finally。
67．根据“At first, people used their fingers, and ... their toes.”可知，起初，人们用手指，甚至用上脚趾，even“甚至”符合语境；根据“This developed ... tools like the abacus.”可知，这发展成了像算盘这样的工具，develop into“发展成为”。故填even；into。
68．this这，help帮助，them他们，count even bigger numbers数甚至更大的数字。时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填This helped them count even bigger numbers.
69．“We are still using this system today”表示“我们今天还在使用这个系统”，结合题干，用一般现在时的被动语态，be used“被使用”，主语是单数，be动词用is。故填is；used。
70．根据“At first, people used their fingers, and ... their toes.”可知，此处提到“fingers”和“toes”，意为“手指”和“脚趾”。故填fingers；toes。
71．例文
Numbers are very important in our daily life. Maths teachers use numbers to teach us how to do calculation and solve problems. We read numbers from newspapers to know the information and facts. When we go to the supermarket, numbers can be seen everywhere to show the prices. Without numbers, the whole world will be in a mess, and it will be difficult for us to even tell the time. That’s why numbers are so important that we can’t live without it.
【解析】［总体分析］
①题材：本文是一篇材料作文。
②时态：时态为一般现在时。
③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏题目要求中每一项内容，适当添加细节，并突出写作重点，逻辑清晰。
［写作步骤］
第一步，开篇点明主题，直接指出数字在日常生活中非常重要。
第二步，从数学老师教学、阅读报纸获取信息、超市价格展示这几个方面详细阐述数字的用途和重要性。
第三步，通过假设没有数字的情况，强调数字不可或缺，总结数字的重要性。
［亮点词汇］
① solve problems解决问题
［高分句型］
① That’s why numbers are so important that we can’t live without it. （so...that...句型）
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