资源简介

单元质量检测（二）　Sports culture
（满分150分，时间120分钟）
第一部分　听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.Where are the two speakers？
A.In Canada.　　　　　　　　　B.In the US.　　　　　　　　　C.In Mexico.
2.What’s the probable relationship between the two speakers？
A.Classmates. B.Friends. C.Brother and sister.
3.What are the speakers mainly discussing？
A.Careers. B.Health problems. C.Types of hospitals.
4.When does the man want to go to the library？
A.On Saturday. B.On Sunday. C.On Monday.
5.How is the woman when responding to the man？
A.She is disappointed. B.She is impressed. C.She is indifferent.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6.What is the dog’s name？
A.Harry. B.Yoda. C.Luke.
7.What is the dog like？
A.Young and fast. B.Old and loyal. C.Big and scary.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8.What does the woman dislike？
A.Parties in her house. B.Mozart. C.Coca-Cola.
9.What will the woman do tonight？
A.Drink some Coca-Cola. B.Stay with her cousin. C.Move to Japan.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10.What is the first thing you should do before giving a speech？
A.Greeting the audience. B.Stating your name. C.Sharing some relevant information.
11.How should you speak when giving your name？
A.Clearly and loudly. B.Clearly and confidently. C.Confidently and loudly.
12. What will decide the sort of information you share？
A.The audience. B.The date. C.The environment.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. When will the man NOT buy flowers for his wife？
A.On her birthday. B.On Valentine’s Day. C.On April Fool’s Day.
14. When is the man’s mother’s birthday？
A.The day before Valentine’s Day.
B.On Valentine’s Day.
C.The day after Valentine’s Day.
15. What colour does the man choose for his mother？
A.Blue. B.Green. C.Purple.
16. Where is the man going next？
A.A bookstore. B.A supermarket. C.Another flower store.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. When was the White House completed？
A.In 1792. B.In 1800. C.In 1902.
18.Who never lived in the White House？
A.Washington. B.Clinton. C.Truman.
19.Which country damaged the White House？
A.France. B.England. C.Germany.
20.What did Andrew Jackson do for the White House？
A.Added grass. B.Installed running water. C.Added a porch.
第二部分　阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Animal Stories for Children
The Midnight Panther by Poonam Mistry
Panther feels out of place and ventures into （冒险进入） the jungle to overcome challenges， conquer （征服） his insecurities and find out where he belongs. The Midnight Panther is an outstandingly illustrated and magical modern fable picture book. The atmospheric storytelling makes this book a joy to read aloud to a class and the breathtaking imagination lends itself to inspiring children’s creative writing.
Cyril and Pat by Emily Gravett
This clever picture book shows younger readers the charming friendship between Cyril， a squirrel and Pat， who isn’t. Their friendship is powerful and shows children that it’s worth sticking up for those you care about. With vivid illustrations of life， leaves and flowers， an unexpected world is brought to life， and it’s the one that younger readers will delight in （喜欢） exploring every time they visit a park.
No One Is Angry Today by Toon Tellegen
Following a series of forest animal friends through their everyday lives， these stories examine why we do the things we do and how we feel about our actions. The brevity， clarity and high quality of these short stories also make them useful texts to study in literacy lessons， particularly in terms of viewpoint and writing style.
Fiona the Fruit Bat by Dan Riskin
Fiona is a fruit bat who is afraid of the dark， afraid of the unknown and afraid to take the plunge into （决定冒险尝试） flight. But calming and confidence-building words from her mother show her the way. A good book to help children deal with new and unfamiliar situations. Reading this will not only teach them about overcoming fear， but also the science behind echolocation and the lives of fruit bats.
21.Which book is good for children’s creative writing？
A.Cyril and Pat.　　　　　　　　　　　　　B.Fiona the Fruit Bat.
C.No One Is Angry Today. D.The Midnight Panther.
22.What do we know about Cyril and Pat？
A.They are good friends. B.They are both squirrels.
C.They enjoy collecting leaves. D.They often visit remote parks.
23.What does Fiona the Fruit Bat teach children？
A.How to coexist with wildlife. B.How to handle new situations.
C.How to get on with their mother. D.How to develop an interest in science.
B
　　Born in 1928， Eugenio Monti， was the best young Italian skier of his generation.He became known as the Flying Redhead and won several national titles， but in 1951 an accident called an end to his skiing career.It was then that he switched to bobsleigh.In 1954 he won his first Italian championship and started to dominate the sport in Italy and be a force internationally for more than a decade.However， Monti is more widely remembered as the first athlete to be awarded the Pierre de Coubertin Medal for sportsmanship displayed during the 1964 Winter Olympic Games.
　　At the 1964 Games in Innsbruck， Austria， Monti and his partner Sergio Siorpaes were the defending world champions， which made them favourites in the two-man event.Monti was desperate to add Olympic golds to his medal collection because he was 36 years old then and had already suffered serious problems with his knees， arguably running out of time to achieve his Olympic dreams.But they were in heated competition with the British team of Anthony Nash and Robin Dixon.
　　After two runs on the first day， the British led the field.On day two， however， a faulty axle （车轴） on the sled would have been sure to lead to their withdrawal， if it weren’t for Monti offering to lend them the bolt （螺栓） from his sled.The British pair went on to record the fastest time on that final run and won gold by just 0.12 seconds， while Monti and Siorpaes claimed the bronze.
　　Four days later in the four-man event， Monti’s selflessness towards his fellow competitors shone through for a second time when the rear axle on the Canadian team’s sled was damaged.Monti sent the Italian team’s mechanics to repair it， with the consequence that the Canadian team won gold， with Monti having to settle for another bronze.
　　Monti was recognised with the Pierre de Coubertin Medal for sportsmanship after the 1964 Winter Games.And four years later， at the age of 40， at the 1968 Games in Grenoble， Monti finally fulfilled his dream of being an Olympic champion.
24.What can be learned about Eugenio Monti from the passage？
A.He completely failed in achieving medals at the 1964 Winter Games.
B.He had achieved national and international golds in skiing before 1951.
C.He helped Anthony Nash and Robin Dixon twice in Innsbruck， Austria.
D.He was awarded the first Pierre de Coubertin Medal for sportsmanship.
25.What does the underlined word “favourites” in Paragraph 2 mean？
A.Sportsmen who have a strong fan base. B.Competitors who are expected to win.
C.Athletes who receive better treatments. D.Players who are liked better by people.
26.What can best describe Eugenio Monti according to the passage？
A.Generous and selfless. B.Curious and adaptable.
C.Responsible and courageous. D.Persevering and hard-working.
27.What might be the best title for the text？
A.Eugenio Monti — the Flying Redhead
B.Eugenio Monti — an Olympic Legend
C.Eugenio Monti — a Real Bobsleigh Champion
D.Eugenio Monti — an Athlete with Sportsmanship
C
You may have seen photographs that suggest otherwise， but former president Donald Trump didn’t get caught last week， and the pope didn’t wear a stylish， brilliant white coat. These recent viral hits were the fruits of artificial intelligence （AI） systems that create images. They demonstrate how these programs are now convincing enough to fool a person. “It’s pretty amazing， in terms of what AI image generators are able to do，” says S. Shyam Sundar， a researcher at Pennsylvania State University.
So how can viewers spot images that may have been generated by an AI system？ Sophie Nightingale， from Lancaster University in England， conducted a study that tested whether online volunteers could distinguish between passport-like headshots created by an AI system called StyleGAN2 and real images. The results were discouraging， even back in late 2021， when the researchers ran the experiment.
In a second test， the researchers marked each answer right or wrong after participants answered， and they also prepared participants in advance by having them read through advice for detecting artificially generated images. But even with these additions， participants’ accuracy only increased by about 10 per cent.
Ironically， as image-generating technology continues to improve， humans’ best defense from being fooled by an AI system may be yet another AI system： one trained to detect artificial images. Still， these systems have significant weaknesses. Most such algorithms （算法） are trained on images from a specific AI generator and are unable to identify fakes （假图像） produced by different algorithms. Actually， each AI image generator — and each image from any given generator — varies in how convincing it may be and what telltale signs might give its algorithm away.
Wael AbdAlmageed， a professor at the University of Southern California， says no approach will ever be able to catch every single artificially produced image — but that doesn’t mean we should give up. He thinks that social media platforms need to begin confronting （对抗） AI-generated content on their sites because these companies are more capable of detecting fake images than individual users are. And users need to take visual information with a grain of salt， asking whether it’s false， AI-generated or harmful before sharing， he added.
28.What is Sundar surprised at？
A.Current social affairs. B.The ability of AI systems.
C.People’s ignorance of reality. D.The popularity of AI-generated images.
29.What has Nightingale’s study found？
A.People prefer to use AI-generated images online.
B.Passport-like headshots are easy to create by AI.
C.AI-generated images are confusing for people.
D.AI can help people recognize real images.
30.What does the author want to say about image-detecting systems in Paragraph 4？
A.They are not always effective.
B.They tend to make fools of humans.
C.They are not supported in certain environments.
D.They reveal the significant advances of technology.
31.What does AbdAlmageed suggest individual users do？
A.Stay away from social media platforms. B.Refuse AI-generated content.
C.Treat images critically. D.Stop sharing images.
D
With our busy， stressful lives， never-ending noise and frequent distractions （干扰）， most of us struggle to get the seven or eight hours of sleep per night widely recommended by health professionals.
Now， a study of more than 7，000 people’s sleep habits carried out by researchers at the French National Institute of Health and Medical Research （INSERM）， Paris， has found that seven out of ten cardiovascular （心血管的） conditions such as heart attacks could be prevented if we all regularly got a good night’s sleep.
The team examined the sleeping habits of 7，200 men and women aged between 50 and 75， who showed no previous signs of cardiovascular disease， over ten years starting in 2008.
All of the individuals had a physical health check at the beginning of the study and were then asked to fill in a form designed to score their sleep health based on five factors， each scored from 0 — suggesting poor sleep — to 5 — suggesting excellent sleep. These were hours slept per night， chronotype （睡眠类型）， frequency of insomnia （inability to sleep）， presence of sleep apnoea （呼吸暂停） and frequency of daytime sleepiness. Ten per cent were considered to have excellent sleep habits and eight per cent poor.
The team then checked for heart disease and stroke （sudden illness of the brain） every two years over a ten-year period， changing the data for a number of factors including age， sex， smoking habits， body mass index and family history of heart conditions.
They found that those scoring a 5 on the rating had a 75 per cent lower risk of heart disease or stroke compared to those with a score of 0 or 1， with each point on the grading system influencing the risk by around 20 per cent.
“The low rate of good sleepers was expected given our busy， 24/7 lives，” said study author Dr Aboubakari Nambiema of INSERM.
“Our study shows the possibility for sleeping well to preserve heart health and suggests that improving sleep is related to lower risks of heart disease and stroke.”
“Given that cardiovascular disease is the top cause of death worldwide， greater awareness is needed on the importance of good sleep for promoting a healthy heart.”
32.What is an important finding of the new study？
A.The possibility of preventing cardiovascular disease.
B.The amount of sleep that is good for our health.
C.The reason behind people’s struggle to sleep.
D.The way to ensure a good night’s sleep.
33.What did the individuals do at the beginning of the study？
A.They learned skills to change their bad behaviours.
B.They used an app to test their sleep quality.
C.They reported their heart disease history.
D.They had their sleep health measured.
34.Which of the following matches the researchers’ expectation？
A.Only a small number of people have good sleep.
B.Little is known about the factors influencing sleep.
C.The number of people with heart disease is increasing.
D.Many people fail to notice the dangers of heart disease.
35.What might Dr Nambiema encourage people to do？
A.Face changes bravely. B.Manage their busy lives.
C.Have regular check-ups. D.Improve their sleep habits.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
　　Scientists and sports psychologists haven’t yet concluded just how much of an athlete’s success is talent and ability， and how much is psychological. 　36　 Below， we’ve listed some distinguishing personality traits （特点） that seem to set apart the most successful high-performing athletes.
Strong sense of motivation.
　37　 Rather， high-performing athletes are motivated by the desire to beat their competition， defeat their current personal best， and prove to themselves their hard work isn’t for nothing.
Natural goal setter.
No beginning athlete is ready for the Olympics， the World Series， or the Super Bowl. 　38　 They then work hard to achieve those goals one step at a time. For high-performing athletes， the ability to set and achieve goals tends to come naturally.
Ability to handle stress.
Athletes have to deal with stress on a daily basis. The stress of losing， the stress of injury， the stress of embarrassing themselves， their coaches， their families — the list never ends. 　39　 Whether that ability comes naturally or has been learned over many years， these athletes are able to leave their worries behind to focus on the task at hand.
　40　
The journey to the top is a long one， but high-performing athletes have the unique psychological trait of believing in the system. They understand that success isn’t going to come without setbacks （挫折） and that with each setback comes a learning opportunity. The process may be long， but no one becomes the best by taking a shortcut （捷径）.
A.Trust in the process.
B.Inner desire to succeed.
C.The best athletes believe they can make it to the top.
D.And yet， no one would argue that the latter is unimportant.
E.It takes more than a shiny medal or large check to motivate the world’s best athletes.
F.High-performing athletes are unique in that they have the ability to manage their stress.
G.The athletes who get to the world-class events do so by setting realistic， achievable goals.
36.　　　　　　　　37.　　　　　　　　38.　　　　　　　　39.　　　　　　　　40.　　　　　　
第三部分　语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
　　Years ago when I was in my late teens， some friends and I went on a trip to Killington， VT. 　41　， I came from the city where traffic， buildings， and a fast pace of life were all I 　42　. I had never been to Vermont before and I remember being excited that I was going to experience something 　43　.
By the time we 　44　， it wasn’t until sometime after dinner. We were expecting the 　45　 to be at least three to four hours until we got there. As we got closer to our destination， it started to 　46　. I felt very 　47　 as we drove up and down the hills in nearly whiteout conditions， and I didn’t 　48　 my surroundings because it was so dark and snowy. When we finally arrived at the hotel it was late and I was thankful we had 　49　 it there safely.
The next morning when I 　50　， the sun was shining through the curtains — after driving in such 　51　 the night before it was now all sunshine. When I opened the curtains， I was shocked. I had never 　52　 to see such an enormous and beautiful mountain right in front of me.
All weekend I admired the mountains and wildlife surrounding me. And that’s when I became 　53　 by the beauty of nature.
Years later， I am enjoying nature even more. I admire and appreciate it in a whole 　54　 way.
Now I’m finding scary things like insects 　55　 instead of being afraid of them.
41.A.Before long　　　　　B.At that time　　　　　C.As usual　　 　　　D.In that case
42.A.desired B.feared C.provided D.knew
43.A.different B.unforgettable C.unpleasant D.similar
44.A.left B.arrived C.lost D.returned
45.A.walk B.rest C.strike D.drive
46.A.rain B.cloud C.snow D.clear
47.A.nervous B.excited C.confused D.curious
48.A.check B.compare C.notice D.remember
49.A.finished B.made C.changed D.conducted
50.A.got out B.settled down C.headed off D.woke up
51.A.silence B.darkness C.danger D.coldness
52.A.decided B.required C.expected D.hesitated
53.A.concerned B.puzzled C.hardened D.fascinated
54.A.strange B.new C.comfortable D.healthy
55.A.satisfactory B.troublesome C.amazing D.boring
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
　　Every year， from the 15th to the 18th day of the lunar month of March， the girls in the Miaozhai Village， situated by the Dou Shui River 　56　 Wuzhishan City and Baoting County meet， 　57　 （happy） celebrate the traditional Sister Festival.
During these days， following the age-old customs of the Hainan Miao people， they have a special meal known as the “Sister Rice”. It 　58　 （make） by girls picking wildflowers and leaves from the mountains， dyeing （给……染色） the rice different colours， 　59　 steaming （蒸） it. After 　60　 （enjoy） the rice， they join young men in special clothes for sports activities by the river.
Legend （传说） has it that the festival originated from the following story：
　　A long time ago， many girls lived by the Dou Shui River. Due to its remote location， it was difficult for them 　61　 （meet） people from other places， and as a result， they remained unmarried. Later they came up with a 　62　 （wonder） idea. In March， each girl contributed some rice and invited girls and young men from other 　63　 （area） for a meal. During the meal， they did various lively activities： some sang and danced， some raced horses， some played drums， and a few even did bullfighting （斗牛）. Over time， the local girls and the visiting young men developed deep friendships， which eventually led 　64　 lifelong partnerships.
Since then， the village 　65　 （continue） the tradition， celebrating the Sister Festival every year.
56.　　　　　　　　57.　　　　　　　　58.　　　　　　　　59.　　　　　　　　60.　　　　　　
61.　　　　　 62.　　　　　 63.　　　　　 64.　　　　　 65.　　　　　
第四部分　写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
假定你是李华。你市将于下周日举办一年一度的马拉松比赛，请你给你的交换生朋友Ray写一封邮件，邀请他一同参加，内容包括：
1.发出邀请；2.介绍比赛；3.表示期待。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式作答。
Dear Ray，
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Yours，
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
　　When the water came in under the door of their home in Naples， Florida， it was just a glimmer （隐约的迹象） on the floor， a sign that it was time to go. It was around noon on Wednesday， 28 September last year when Darcy Bishop woke her two brothers who had been resting after lunch. She pulled the wheelchair up to the oldest， Russell Rochow， 66， and helped him into it. Her other brother， Todd Rochow， 63， was in his room. He could manage with a walker.
Both men had been born with cerebral palsy （脑瘫）， and their mental development was like that of a young child. About 10 years ago， they started showing signs of Parkinson’s disease. Bishop， 61， was their lifeline， their little sister who had long felt an obligation （义务） to keep them safe.
“We have to go！” she shouted to Todd. She went to open the front door. It would not move. The weight of the water on the other side had made it shut. She rushed to try the door to the garage. It was stuck too. That’s when the house the three siblings （兄弟姐妹） shared began to flood.
As Hurricane Ian bore down on Florida， many residents who’d decided to stay found themselves unable to leave even if they tried. Within days， around 100 deaths in the state were caused by the hurricane. On Tuesday， Bishop had planned to leave with her brothers for her daughter’s home 25 kilometres inland. But by then， there were so many warnings to stay put.
Now Bishop and her brothers were trapped. She texted her daughter at 12：34 p.m. “Water’s coming in.” Around her， she could hear the china breaking and the refrigerator falling over. The only way to go was up. Bishop guided Todd to the stairs， and he held the banister （扶手）. She helped him pull himself slowly up to the top where he waited in a chair.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式作答。
　　But stairs were impossible for Russell， who could neither walk nor bend his legs.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　After a while， Bishop heard the rescuers were downstairs.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
单元质量检测（二）　Sports culture
第一部分
1～5　ACACB　6～10　CAABA
11～15　BACCB　16～20　BBABB
听力材料：
（Text 1）
M：Where are we now？ I can’t tell what road this is.
W：We’re heading for the US， but we’re still in Canada. And we’re quite a long distance from Mexico.
（Text 2）
W：What a fine day！ Shall we go hiking this early spring morning？
M：Mom won’t let us. We have to take care of little Jenny after we finish our homework.
（Text 3）
W：Dad， I want to be a nurse when I grow up.
M：A nurse？ Your aunt has been a nurse for 20 years and she loves it. When your grandma wasn’t well， she knew how to take care of her.
（Text 4）
W：I need to return these books today. Do you want to come with me？
M：No. The downtown library doesn’t open on Sundays. I’d rather go tomorrow so I can check some new books for myself.
（Text 5）
W：That is a beautiful painting， Jerry！ Where did you buy it？
M：Actually， I made it. I’ve been taking art classes for the past year.
W：Really？ That’s amazing！ I had no idea you were so talented. This looks like it was painted by a professional.
（Text 6）
M：Check out my pet！ He is a German shepherd.
W：Aw！ He’s so cute！ What’s his name？
M：I named him Luke after my favourite movie character， Luke Skywalker.
W：Great name！ I am surprised you didn’t name him Harry after your favourite book character.
M：He’s really fast， and that’s why I named him Luke. If I had an older dog， I would name him Yoda.
W：How old is he？
M：Only four months old.
（Text 7）
W：Bye！ Have a nice night. You won’t play loud music， will you？ You know I don’t like parties in my house.
M：Oh no， Mrs White！ Only Mozart， and maybe Vivaldi.
W：And of course no alcoholic drinks either！
M：No， certainly not. Only Coca-Cola.
W：Good， well， I won’t be back tonight. I’m staying with my cousin. He’s moving to Japan this Sunday. Goodbye， boys！
M：See you in the morning， Mrs White！
W：By the way， everybody must go home at 11 o’clock.
M：Oh， all right， bye.
（Text 8）
W：Professor， could you give me some suggestions about how to introduce myself before giving a speech？
M：OK. First， greet the audience and then state your name. As you say hello and give your name， remember to speak clearly and confidently.
W：Should I speak as loudly as possible？
M：Not exactly. It depends on the environment and the audience. You just need to make sure that your voice is loud enough to enable everyone to hear you.
W：Thanks. And next？
M：Share some relevant information about yourself. The sort of information you share will depend on the audience and what you’ll be talking about.
W：I understand.
M：And then， before you start the speech， thank your audience for being there.
W：Thank you very much. I have learned a lot from you.
（Text 9）
W：May I help you？
M：Yes， madam. I’d like to buy some flowers.
W：Do you want to give them to your girlfriend？
M：No， to my wife. God knows that ladies like flowers.
W：Today is Valentine’s Day. That must be why you want them. Just one day of the year.
M：Not exactly. I get them for her birthday， and for all kinds of weird anniversaries.
W：But not on April Fool’s Day， right？
M：Ha ha， right. Oh， and by the way， I want some more for my mother. Tomorrow is her birthday.
W：How about these？ Purple seems popular with mothers.
M：Not with mine. Do you have any other colour？
W：How about blue or these green ones？ They are fresh and bright.
M：All right！ I will take these green ones and go to the supermarket for some chocolate.
W：There is one just across from the bookstore. Here you are！ Please come again.
M：Thanks！ Bye！
（Text 10）
W：Have you all heard about the White House？ Today we’re going to talk about the building that symbolizes the USA. Mr Green， please.
M：The White House is one of the most recognizable structures in the world. You can’t say you’ve been to Washington D.C. if you haven’t seen the White House. Not every American president lives there. Though the Executive Mansion was begun in 1792 under the direction of George Washington， the structure was not completed until 1800， so ironically Washington never called it home. The White House is open to the public on weekdays from 10 a.m. until noon. The building was torched by British troops in 1814， during the War of 1812， and the structural damage caused by the fire was repaired， but the sandstone walls outside were still black from the fire. The walls were then painted white， giving birth to the name the building now goes by. An act of Congress made it the official name in 1920. Every President has left his mark upon the White House， with Thomas Jefferson adding grass to the east and west wings， Andrew Jackson installing running water， and Harry Truman adding a porch. Bill Clinton’s addition to the White House was an indoor track.
第二部分
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章推荐了四本动物故事书。
21.D　细节理解题。根据The Midnight Panther by Poonam Mistry部分中的the breathtaking imagination lends itself to inspiring children’s creative writing可知，The Midnight Panther这本书有助于激发孩子们创造性写作的能力。
22.A　细节理解题。根据Cyril and Pat by Emily Gravett部分中的This clever picture book shows younger readers the charming friendship between Cyril， a squirrel and Pat可知，Cyril和Pat是好朋友。
23.B　细节理解题。根据Fiona the Fruit Bat by Dan Riskin部分中的A good book to help children deal with new and unfamiliar situations.可知，Fiona the Fruit Bat这本书会教给孩子们如何应对新情况。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了意大利最优秀的年轻滑雪者尤金尼奥·蒙蒂以及他在1964年冬季奥运会上因表现出的体育精神而被授予皮埃尔·德·顾拜旦奖章的事迹。
24.D　细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知，他被授予第一个顾拜旦体育精神奖章。
25.B　词义猜测题。根据第二段首句可知，因为他们是卫冕世界冠军，所以成为两人项目最有希望获胜的。
26.A　推理判断题。根据第三段中的On day two ...from his sled.可知，蒙蒂很慷慨；根据第四段中的Four days later ...sled was damaged.可知，蒙蒂非常无私。
27.C　标题归纳题。通读全文可知，尤金尼奥·蒙蒂虽然因为两次帮助雪橇出故障的对手而错失奥运金牌，但是展现了体育精神，是真正的雪橇冠军。
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。如今到处可见人工智能生成的照片，这也带来了一个问题：人们是否可以有效地分辨这些照片呢？
28.B　推理判断题。根据第一段中的It’s pretty amazing， in terms of what AI image generators are able to do可知，令Sundar惊叹的是人工智能的能力。
29.C　推理判断题。根据第二段中的The results were discouraging和第三段中的But even with these additions， participants’ accuracy only increased by about 10 per cent.可知，人工智能生成的照片对人们有很大的迷惑性。
30.A　推理判断题。根据第四段中的Most such algorithms ...are unable to identify fakes （假图像） produced by different algorithms.可知，鉴别系统无法识别使用不同算法的人工智能生成的假照片，也就是说，这种鉴别系统并不是都有效。
31.C　细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，AbdAlmageed建议人们用批判的眼光来审视照片，以此发现那些人工智能生成的假照片。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。晚上睡个好觉有助于保护人们免受心脏病和中风的侵袭。
32.A　推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，一项新研究发现有规律的良好睡眠可以预防十分之七的心血管疾病。由此可推知，新研究发现了一种可能预防心血管疾病的方法。
33.D　细节理解题。根据第四段第一句和下文中对表格内容的介绍可知，研究一开始，参与者们通过体检和填写一张表格对自己的睡眠健康进行了评估。
34.A　细节理解题。根据第四段中的Ten per cent were considered to have excellent sleep habits可知，调查结果显示只有10％的人被认为有良好的睡眠习惯；结合第七段中Nambiema博士所说的话可知，考虑到我们忙碌的、全天候的生活方式，睡眠质量好的人比例低是意料之中的。
35.D　细节理解题。根据最后两段中Nambiema博士所说的话可知，研究表明，良好睡眠有可能保持心脏健康，而且改善睡眠与降低心脏病和中风的风险有关；鉴于心血管疾病是全球最大的死亡原因，人们需要更多地认识到良好睡眠对促进心脏健康的重要性。由此可知，Nambiema博士鼓励人们改善睡眠习惯，从而预防心血管疾病。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了优秀运动员所具备的几个性格特点。
36.D　设空处前一句指出运动员的成功有多少是靠天赋和能力，有多少是靠心理因素，关于这一点，科学家和运动心理学家尚未得出结论。设空处后一句说明了下文会介绍最成功的运动员具备的几个性格特点。故D项符合语境，且与设空处前一句构成转折关系。D项中的the latter指代psychological （traits）。
37.E　结合本段小标题和设空处后一句可知，设空处的内容应与动机有关，故E项符合语境。E项中的motivate与小标题中的motivation以及设空处后一句中的motivated构成原词复现。
38.G　设空处前一句说明了没有新手运动员做好了参加大型赛事的准备，设空处后一句指出他们接下来会努力训练，扎扎实实地实现这些目标，故G项符合语境。G项中的the world-class events与设空处前一句中的the Olympics，the World Series， or the Super Bowl相呼应，设空处后一句中的those goals指代G项中的realistic， achievable goals。
39.F　上文说明了运动员每天都必须应对各种压力，下文指出这些运动员能把烦恼抛在脑后，专注于手头的任务，F项符合语境。F项中的stress与小标题中的stress以及本段中多次出现的stress构成原词复现，设空处后一句中的these athletes指代F项中的High-performing athletes。
40.A　根据本段内容可知，本段主要介绍了优秀运动员都拥有一个独特的心理特征：相信制度。A项很好地概括了本段主旨，适合作本段小标题。A项与下文中的believing in the system相呼应。
第三部分
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。少年时代的一次深入自然的旅行让作者学会了欣赏自然。
41.B　根据下文的I had never been to Vermont before可知，作者从未到过Vermont，当时的她只知道城市的交通、高楼大厦和快节奏的生活，因此，能到不一样的环境去体验，这让她很激动。
42.D　参见上题解析。
43.A　参见第41题解析。
44.A　根据下文的As we got closer to our destination和When we finally arrived at the hotel可知，作者她们是在晚饭后才动身出发的。
45.D　根据下文的we drove up and down the hills可知，作者她们估计需要开车至少三四个小时才会到达目的地。
46.C　根据下文的whiteout conditions和snowy可知，作者她们快到目的地时，开始下雪了。
47.A　根据下文的I was thankful we had 　49　 it there safely可知，作者她们开车在山上行进时，遇到下雪，她很担心。
48.C　根据下文的it was so dark and snowy可知，由于当时天黑又下着雪，所以作者并没有注意到周围的环境。
49.B　根据上文的When we finally arrived at the hotel可知，作者她们到达旅店时，她紧张的心情才放松下来。make it表示“成功做成某事”。
50.D　根据下文的the sun was shining through the curtains — after driving in such 　51　 the night before it was now all sunshine可知，该处描述的是作者醒来后的景象。
51.B　根据上文的it was so dark可知，作者她们一行人是晚上开车的。
52.C　根据上文的I was shocked可知，作者从未想过会亲眼看到如此巍峨而美丽的山峰。
53.D　根据下文的I am enjoying nature even more可知，作者当时被大自然的美景深深地吸引了。
54.B　根据语境可知，作者用全新的角度欣赏自然。恐怖的虫子也不是那么吓人了，而是让她觉得神奇。
55.C　参见上题解析。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了海南苗族姊妹节的传统习俗及其由来。
56.where　考查定语从句。设空处引导限制性定语从句修饰先行词Dou Shui River，且在从句中作地点状语，故填关系副词where。
57.happily　考查词形转换。设空处作状语修饰celebrate，意为“愉快地”，应用副词，故填happily。
58.is made　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。本句介绍了姊妹饭的制作过程，属于客观情况，应用一般现在时；It与make之间为被动关系，故填is made。
59.and　考查连词。本句中的picking、dyeing和steaming是连续发生的动作，设空处应用表示并列关系的并列连词，故填and。
60.enjoying　考查非谓语动词。介词After后接动词-ing形式，故填enjoying。
61.to meet　考查非谓语动词。本句中用了“it is＋adj.＋for sb to do sth”结构，设空处应用动词不定式，故填to meet。
62.wonderful　考查词形转换。设空处作定语修饰idea，意为“绝妙的”，应用形容词，故填wonderful。
63.areas　考查名词复数。设空处作介词from的宾语，且表示泛指，应用表示复数意义的名词，故填areas。
64.to　考查固定用法。lead to导致。
65.has continued　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据句中的时间状语Since then可知，设空处应用现在完成时，又因主语village为单数名词，故填has continued。
第四部分
第一节
参考范文：
Dear Ray，
Exciting news！ Our city will be hosting its annual marathon race next Sunday， and I really want you to join me for this awesome adventure.
This event isn’t just a challenging race， but also a celebration of sportsmanship. We’ll be running through some of the most picturesque streets in the city， having a chance to explore and appreciate the local landmarks.
I think it’s a perfect opportunity for you to challenge yourself physically， meet new people， and get to know the city better. I’m looking forward to having you there. Hope you can make it！
Yours，
Li Hua
第二节
参考范文：
But stairs were impossible for Russell， who could neither walk nor bend his legs. Bishop tied a belt around Russell’s waist. She tried every position possible， changing from pushing to pulling， and managed to get him up a few steps. But the water followed. At one point， he fell back down， and they had to start over. Then， she called 911 and was told someone would come soon. Bishop placed pillows around Russell to make him comfortable. She sat down beside him and waited.
After a while， Bishop heard the rescuers were downstairs. They， standing in waist-deep water， lifted Bishop and her brothers into the boats. Bishop and her brothers were all safe. Outside， the wind kept knocking her over. It seemed to take forever for them to be driven to her anxious daughter. When asked about the escape， Bishop cried as she talked about not being able to leave her brothers. Todd and Russell didn’t say much about the terrible experience they survived， only that they wanted things to return to normal.
9 / 9(共101张PPT)
单元质量检测（二）　
Sports culture
（满分150分，时间120分钟）
第一部分　听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、
C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话
后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话
仅读一遍。
1. Where are the two speakers？
A. In Canada.
B. In the US.
C. In Mexico.
2. What’s the probable relationship between the two speakers？
A. Classmates.
B. Friends.
C. Brother and sister.
3. What are the speakers mainly discussing？
A. Careers.
B. Health problems.
C. Types of hospitals.
4. When does the man want to go to the library？
A. On Saturday.
B. On Sunday.
C. On Monday.
5. How is the woman when responding to the man？
A. She is disappointed.
B. She is impressed.
C. She is indifferent.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中
所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听
完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What is the dog’s name？
A. Harry. B. Yoda. C. Luke.
7. What is the dog like？
A. Young and fast.
B. Old and loyal.
C. Big and scary.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What does the woman dislike？
A. Parties in her house.
B. Mozart.
C. Coca-Cola.
9. What will the woman do tonight？
A. Drink some Coca-Cola.
B. Stay with her cousin.
C. Move to Japan.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What is the first thing you should do before giving a speech？
A. Greeting the audience.
B. Stating your name.
C. Sharing some relevant information.
11. How should you speak when giving your name？
A. Clearly and loudly.
B. Clearly and confidently.
C. Confidently and loudly.
12. What will decide the sort of information you share？
A. The audience.
B. The date.
C. The environment.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. When will the man NOT buy flowers for his wife？
A. On her birthday.
B. On Valentine’s Day.
C. On April Fool’s Day.
14. When is the man’s mother’s birthday？
A. The day before Valentine’s Day.
B. On Valentine’s Day.
C. The day after Valentine’s Day.
15. What colour does the man choose for his mother？
A. Blue. B. Green. C. Purple.
16. Where is the man going next？
A. A bookstore.
B. A supermarket.
C. Another flower store.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. When was the White House completed？
A. In 1792. B. In 1800. C. In 1902.
18. Who never lived in the White House？
A. Washington. B. Clinton. C. Truman.
19. Which country damaged the White House？
A. France. B. England. C. Germany.
20. What did Andrew Jackson do for the White House？
A. Added grass.
B. Installed running water.
C. Added a porch.
听力材料：
（Text 1）
M：Where are we now？ I can’t tell what road this is.
W：We’re heading for the US， but we’re still in Canada. And we’re quite
a long distance from Mexico.
（Text 2）
W：What a fine day！ Shall we go hiking this early spring morning？
M：Mom won’t let us. We have to take care of little Jenny after we finish
our homework.
（Text 3）
W：Dad， I want to be a nurse when I grow up.
M：A nurse？ Your aunt has been a nurse for 20 years and she loves it.
When your grandma wasn’t well， she knew how to take care of her.
（Text 4）
W：I need to return these books today. Do you want to come with me？
M：No. The downtown library doesn’t open on Sundays. I’d rather go
tomorrow so I can check some new books for myself.
（Text 5）
W：That is a beautiful painting， Jerry！ Where did you buy it？
M：Actually， I made it. I’ve been taking art classes for the past year.
W：Really？ That’s amazing！ I had no idea you were so talented. This
looks like it was painted by a professional.
（Text 6）
M：Check out my pet！ He is a German shepherd.
W：Aw！ He’s so cute！ What’s his name？
M：I named him Luke after my favourite movie character， Luke
Skywalker.
W：Great name！ I am surprised you didn’t name him Harry after your
favourite book character.
M：He’s really fast， and that’s why I named him Luke. If I had an older
dog， I would name him Yoda.
W：How old is he？
M：Only four months old.
（Text 7）
W：Bye！ Have a nice night. You won’t play loud music， will you？
You know I don’t like parties in my house.
M：Oh no， Mrs White！ Only Mozart， and maybe Vivaldi.
W：And of course no alcoholic drinks either！
M：No， certainly not. Only Coca-Cola.
W：Good， well， I won’t be back tonight. I’m staying with my cousin.
He’s moving to Japan this Sunday. Goodbye， boys！
M：See you in the morning， Mrs White！
W：By the way， everybody must go home at 11 o’clock.
M：Oh， all right， bye.
（Text 8）
W：Professor， could you give me some suggestions about how to
introduce myself before giving a speech？
M：OK. First， greet the audience and then state your name. As you say
hello and give your name， remember to speak clearly and confidently.
W：Should I speak as loudly as possible？
M：Not exactly. It depends on the environment and the audience. You just
need to make sure that your voice is loud enough to enable everyone to
hear you.
W：Thanks. And next？
M：Share some relevant information about yourself. The sort of
information you share will depend on the audience and what you’ll be
talking about.
W：I understand.
M：And then， before you start the speech， thank your audience for
being there.
W：Thank you very much. I have learned a lot from you.
（Text 9）
W：May I help you？
M：Yes， madam. I’d like to buy some flowers.
W：Do you want to give them to your girlfriend？
M：No， to my wife. God knows that ladies like flowers.
W：Today is Valentine’s Day. That must be why you want them. Just one
day of the year.
M：Not exactly. I get them for her birthday， and for all kinds of weird
anniversaries.
W：But not on April Fool’s Day， right？
M：Ha ha， right. Oh， and by the way， I want some more for my
mother. Tomorrow is her birthday.
W：How about these？ Purple seems popular with mothers.
M：Not with mine. Do you have any other colour？
W：How about blue or these green ones？ They are fresh and bright.
M：All right！ I will take these green ones and go to the supermarket for
some chocolate.
W：There is one just across from the bookstore. Here you are！ Please
come again.
M：Thanks！ Bye！
（Text 10）
W：Have you all heard about the White House？ Today we’re going to
talk about the building that symbolizes the USA. Mr Green， please.
M：The White House is one of the most recognizable structures in the
world. You can’t say you’ve been to Washington D. C. if you haven’t seen
the White House. Not every American president lives there. Though the
Executive Mansion was begun in 1792 under the direction of George
Washington， the structure was not completed until 1800， so ironically
Washington never called it home. The White House is open to the public on
weekdays from 10 a.m. until noon.
The building was torched by British troops in 1814， during the War of
1812， and the structural damage caused by the fire was repaired， but the
sandstone walls outside were still black from the fire. The walls were then
painted white， giving birth to the name the building now goes by. An act
of Congress made it the official name in 1920. Every President has left his
mark upon the White House， with Thomas Jefferson adding grass to the
east and west wings， Andrew Jackson installing running water， and
Harry Truman adding a porch. Bill Clinton’s addition to the White House
was an indoor track.
第二部分　阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳
选项。
A
Animal Stories for Children
The Midnight Panther by Poonam Mistry
Panther feels out of place and ventures into （冒险进入） the jungle
to overcome challenges， conquer （征服） his insecurities and find out
where he belongs. The Midnight Panther is an outstandingly illustrated and
magical modern fable picture book. The atmospheric storytelling makes
this book a joy to read aloud to a class and the breathtaking imagination
lends itself to inspiring children’s creative writing.
Cyril and Pat by Emily Gravett
This clever picture book shows younger readers the charming
friendship between Cyril， a squirrel and Pat， who isn’t. Their friendship
is powerful and shows children that it’s worth sticking up for those you
care about. With vivid illustrations of life， leaves and flowers， an
unexpected world is brought to life， and it’s the one that younger readers
will delight in （喜欢） exploring every time they visit a park.
No One Is Angry Today by Toon Tellegen
Following a series of forest animal friends through their everyday
lives， these stories examine why we do the things we do and how we feel
about our actions. The brevity， clarity and high quality of these short
stories also make them useful texts to study in literacy lessons，
particularly in terms of viewpoint and writing style.
Fiona the Fruit Bat by Dan Riskin
Fiona is a fruit bat who is afraid of the dark， afraid of the unknown
and afraid to take the plunge into （决定冒险尝试） flight. But calming
and confidence-building words from her mother show her the way. A good
book to help children deal with new and unfamiliar situations. Reading this
will not only teach them about overcoming fear， but also the science
behind echolocation and the lives of fruit bats.
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章推荐了四本动物故事书。
本文是一篇应用文。文章推荐了四本动物故事书。
21. Which book is good for children’s creative writing？
A. Cyril and Pat.
B. Fiona the Fruit Bat.
C. No One Is Angry Today.
D. The Midnight Panther.
解析：　细节理解题。根据The Midnight Panther by Poonam
Mistry部分中的the breathtaking imagination lends itself to inspiring
children’s creative writing可知，The Midnight Panther这本书有助于
激发孩子们创造性写作的能力。
22. What do we know about Cyril and Pat？
A. They are good friends.
B. They are both squirrels.
C. They enjoy collecting leaves.
D. They often visit remote parks.
解析：　细节理解题。根据Cyril and Pat by Emily Gravett
部分中的This clever picture book shows younger readers the
charming friendship between Cyril， a squirrel and Pat可知，
Cyril和Pat是好朋友。
23. What does Fiona the Fruit Bat teach children？
A. How to coexist with wildlife.
B. How to handle new situations.
C. How to get on with their mother.
D. How to develop an interest in science.
解析：　细节理解题。根据Fiona the Fruit Bat by Dan Riskin部
分中的A good book to help children deal with new and unfamiliar
situations.可知，Fiona the Fruit Bat这本书会教给孩子们如何应对
新情况。
B
　　Born in 1928， Eugenio Monti， was the best young Italian skier of
his generation.He became known as the Flying Redhead and won several
national titles， but in 1951 an accident called an end to his skiing career.It
was then that he switched to bobsleigh.In 1954 he won his first Italian
championship and started to dominate the sport in Italy and be a force
internationally for more than a decade.However， Monti is more widely
remembered as the first athlete to be awarded the Pierre de Coubertin
Medal for sportsmanship displayed during the 1964 Winter Olympic
Games.
　　At the 1964 Games in Innsbruck， Austria， Monti and his partner
Sergio Siorpaes were the defending world champions， which made them
favourites in the two-man event.Monti was desperate to add Olympic golds
to his medal collection because he was 36 years old then and had already
suffered serious problems with his knees， arguably running out of time to
achieve his Olympic dreams.But they were in heated competition with the
British team of Anthony Nash and Robin Dixon.
　　After two runs on the first day， the British led the field.On day
two， however， a faulty axle （车轴） on the sled would have been sure
to lead to their withdrawal， if it weren’t for Monti offering to lend them
the bolt （螺栓） from his sled.The British pair went on to record the
fastest time on that final run and won gold by just 0.12 seconds， while
Monti and Siorpaes claimed the bronze.
　　Four days later in the four-man event， Monti’s selflessness towards
his fellow competitors shone through for a second time when the rear axle
on the Canadian team’s sled was damaged.Monti sent the Italian team’s
mechanics to repair it， with the consequence that the Canadian team won
gold， with Monti having to settle for another bronze.
　　Monti was recognised with the Pierre de Coubertin Medal for
sportsmanship after the 1964 Winter Games.And four years later， at the
age of 40， at the 1968 Games in Grenoble， Monti finally fulfilled his
dream of being an Olympic champion.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了意大利最优秀的年轻滑
雪者尤金尼奥·蒙蒂以及他在1964年冬季奥运会上因表现出的体育精
神而被授予皮埃尔·德·顾拜旦奖章的事迹。
本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了意大利最优秀的年轻滑
雪者尤金尼奥·蒙蒂以及他在1964年冬季奥运会上因表现出的体育精
神而被授予皮埃尔·德·顾拜旦奖章的事迹。
24. What can be learned about Eugenio Monti from the passage？
A. He completely failed in achieving medals at the 1964 Winter Games.
B. He had achieved national and international golds in skiing before 1951.
C. He helped Anthony Nash and Robin Dixon twice in Innsbruck，
Austria.
D. He was awarded the first Pierre de Coubertin Medal for sportsmanship.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知，他被授予第一
个顾拜旦体育精神奖章。
25. What does the underlined word “favourites” in Paragraph 2 mean？
A. Sportsmen who have a strong fan base.
B. Competitors who are expected to win.
C. Athletes who receive better treatments.
D. Players who are liked better by people.
解析：　词义猜测题。根据第二段首句可知，因为他们是卫冕世
界冠军，所以成为两人项目最有希望获胜的。
26. What can best describe Eugenio Monti according to the passage？
A. Generous and selfless.
B. Curious and adaptable.
C. Responsible and courageous.
D. Persevering and hard-working.
解析：　推理判断题。根据第三段中的On day two ...from his sled.
可知，蒙蒂很慷慨；根据第四段中的Four days later ...sled was
damaged.可知，蒙蒂非常无私。
27. What might be the best title for the text？
A. Eugenio Monti — the Flying Redhead
B. Eugenio Monti — an Olympic Legend
C. Eugenio Monti — a Real Bobsleigh Champion
D. Eugenio Monti — an Athlete with Sportsmanship
解析：　标题归纳题。通读全文可知，尤金尼奥·蒙蒂虽然因为
两次帮助雪橇出故障的对手而错失奥运金牌，但是展现了体育精
神，是真正的雪橇冠军。
C
You may have seen photographs that suggest otherwise， but former
president Donald Trump didn’t get caught last week， and the pope didn’t
wear a stylish， brilliant white coat. These recent viral hits were the fruits
of artificial intelligence （AI） systems that create images. They
demonstrate how these programs are now convincing enough to fool a
person. “It’s pretty amazing， in terms of what AI image generators are
able to do，” says S. Shyam Sundar， a researcher at Pennsylvania State
University.
So how can viewers spot images that may have been generated by an
AI system？ Sophie Nightingale， from Lancaster University in
England， conducted a study that tested whether online volunteers could
distinguish between passport-like headshots created by an AI system called
StyleGAN2 and real images. The results were discouraging， even back in
late 2021， when the researchers ran the experiment.
In a second test， the researchers marked each answer right or wrong
after participants answered， and they also prepared participants in
advance by having them read through advice for detecting artificially
generated images. But even with these additions， participants’ accuracy
only increased by about 10 per cent.
Ironically， as image-generating technology continues to improve，
humans’ best defense from being fooled by an AI system may be yet
another AI system： one trained to detect artificial images. Still， these
systems have significant weaknesses. Most such algorithms （算法） are
trained on images from a specific AI generator and are unable to identify
fakes （假图像） produced by different algorithms. Actually， each AI
image generator — and each image from any given generator — varies in
how convincing it may be and what telltale signs might give its algorithm
away.
Wael AbdAlmageed， a professor at the University of Southern
California， says no approach will ever be able to catch every single
artificially produced image — but that doesn’t mean we should give up. He
thinks that social media platforms need to begin confronting （对抗） AI-
generated content on their sites because these companies are more capable
of detecting fake images than individual users are. And users need to take
visual information with a grain of salt， asking whether it’s false， AI-
generated or harmful before sharing， he added.
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。如今到处可见人工智能生成的照
片，这也带来了一个问题：人们是否可以有效地分辨这些照片呢？
本文是一篇议论文。如今到处可见人工智能生成的照
片，这也带来了一个问题：人们是否可以有效地分辨这些照片呢？
28. What is Sundar surprised at？
A. Current social affairs.
B. The ability of AI systems.
C. People’s ignorance of reality.
D. The popularity of AI-generated images.
解析：　推理判断题。根据第一段中的It’s pretty amazing， in
terms of what AI image generators are able to do可知，令Sundar惊叹
的是人工智能的能力。
29. What has Nightingale’s study found？
A. People prefer to use AI-generated images online.
B. Passport-like headshots are easy to create by AI.
C. AI-generated images are confusing for people.
D. AI can help people recognize real images.
解析：　推理判断题。根据第二段中的The results were
discouraging和第三段中的But even with these additions，
participants’ accuracy only increased by about 10 per cent.可知，人工
智能生成的照片对人们有很大的迷惑性。
30. What does the author want to say about image-detecting systems in
Paragraph 4？
A. They are not always effective.
B. They tend to make fools of humans.
C. They are not supported in certain environments.
D. They reveal the significant advances of technology.
解析：　推理判断题。根据第四段中的Most such algorithms ...are
unable to identify fakes （假图像） produced by different algorithms.
可知，鉴别系统无法识别使用不同算法的人工智能生成的假照
片，也就是说，这种鉴别系统并不是都有效。
31. What does AbdAlmageed suggest individual users do？
A. Stay away from social media platforms.
B. Refuse AI-generated content.
C. Treat images critically.
D. Stop sharing images.
解析：　细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，
AbdAlmageed建议人们用批判的眼光来审视照片，以此发现那些人
工智能生成的假照片。
D
With our busy， stressful lives， never-ending noise and frequent
distractions （干扰）， most of us struggle to get the seven or eight hours
of sleep per night widely recommended by health professionals.
Now， a study of more than 7，000 people’s sleep habits carried out
by researchers at the French National Institute of Health and Medical
Research （INSERM）， Paris， has found that seven out of ten
cardiovascular （心血管的） conditions such as heart attacks could be
prevented if we all regularly got a good night’s sleep.
The team examined the sleeping habits of 7，200 men and women
aged between 50 and 75， who showed no previous signs of cardiovascular
disease， over ten years starting in 2008.
All of the individuals had a physical health check at the beginning of
the study and were then asked to fill in a form designed to score their sleep
health based on five factors， each scored from 0 — suggesting poor
sleep — to 5 — suggesting excellent sleep. These were hours slept per
night， chronotype （睡眠类型）， frequency of insomnia （inability to
sleep）， presence of sleep apnoea （呼吸暂停） and frequency of
daytime sleepiness. Ten per cent were considered to have excellent sleep
habits and eight per cent poor.
The team then checked for heart disease and stroke （sudden illness
of the brain） every two years over a ten-year period， changing the data
for a number of factors including age， sex， smoking habits， body mass
index and family history of heart conditions.
They found that those scoring a 5 on the rating had a 75 per cent lower
risk of heart disease or stroke compared to those with a score of 0 or 1，
with each point on the grading system influencing the risk by around 20 per
cent.
“The low rate of good sleepers was expected given our busy， 24/7
lives，” said study author Dr Aboubakari Nambiema of INSERM.
“Our study shows the possibility for sleeping well to preserve heart
health and suggests that improving sleep is related to lower risks of heart
disease and stroke.”
“Given that cardiovascular disease is the top cause of death
worldwide， greater awareness is needed on the importance of good sleep
for promoting a healthy heart.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。晚上睡个好觉有助于保护人们免受
心脏病和中风的侵袭。
本文是一篇说明文。晚上睡个好觉有助于保护人们免受
心脏病和中风的侵袭。
32. What is an important finding of the new study？
A. The possibility of preventing cardiovascular disease.
B. The amount of sleep that is good for our health.
C. The reason behind people’s struggle to sleep.
D. The way to ensure a good night’s sleep.
解析：　推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，一项新研究发现有
规律的良好睡眠可以预防十分之七的心血管疾病。由此可推知，
新研究发现了一种可能预防心血管疾病的方法。
33. What did the individuals do at the beginning of the study？
A. They learned skills to change their bad behaviours.
B. They used an app to test their sleep quality.
C. They reported their heart disease history.
D. They had their sleep health measured.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第四段第一句和下文中对表格内容的
介绍可知，研究一开始，参与者们通过体检和填写一张表格对自
己的睡眠健康进行了评估。
34. Which of the following matches the researchers’ expectation？
A. Only a small number of people have good sleep.
B. Little is known about the factors influencing sleep.
C. The number of people with heart disease is increasing.
D. Many people fail to notice the dangers of heart disease.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第四段中的Ten per cent were
considered to have excellent sleep habits可知，调查结果显示只有10
％的人被认为有良好的睡眠习惯；结合第七段中Nambiema博士所
说的话可知，考虑到我们忙碌的、全天候的生活方式，睡眠质量
好的人比例低是意料之中的。
35. What might Dr Nambiema encourage people to do？
A. Face changes bravely.
B. Manage their busy lives.
C. Have regular check-ups.
D. Improve their sleep habits.
解析：　细节理解题。根据最后两段中Nambiema博士所说的话
可知，研究表明，良好睡眠有可能保持心脏健康，而且改善睡眠
与降低心脏病和中风的风险有关；鉴于心血管疾病是全球最大的
死亡原因，人们需要更多地认识到良好睡眠对促进心脏健康的重
要性。由此可知，Nambiema博士鼓励人们改善睡眠习惯，从而预
防心血管疾病。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选
项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
　　Scientists and sports psychologists haven’t yet concluded just how
much of an athlete’s success is talent and ability， and how much is
psychological. 　36　 Below， we’ve listed some distinguishing
personality traits （特点） that seem to set apart the most successful high-
performing athletes.
Strong sense of motivation.
　37　 Rather， high-performing athletes are motivated by the desire
to beat their competition， defeat their current personal best， and prove
to themselves their hard work isn’t for nothing.
Natural goal setter.
No beginning athlete is ready for the Olympics， the World Series，
or the Super Bowl. 　38　 They then work hard to achieve those goals one
step at a time. For high-performing athletes， the ability to set and achieve
goals tends to come naturally.
Ability to handle stress.
Athletes have to deal with stress on a daily basis. The stress of
losing， the stress of injury， the stress of embarrassing themselves，
their coaches， their families — the list never ends. 　39　 Whether that
ability comes naturally or has been learned over many years， these
athletes are able to leave their worries behind to focus on the task at hand.
　40　
The journey to the top is a long one， but high-performing athletes
have the unique psychological trait of believing in the system. They
understand that success isn’t going to come without setbacks （挫折） and
that with each setback comes a learning opportunity. The process may be
long， but no one becomes the best by taking a shortcut （捷径）.
A. Trust in the process.
B. Inner desire to succeed.
C. The best athletes believe they can make it to the top.
D. And yet， no one would argue that the latter is unimportant.
E. It takes more than a shiny medal or large check to motivate the world’s
best athletes.
F. High-performing athletes are unique in that they have the ability to
manage their stress.
G. The athletes who get to the world-class events do so by setting
realistic， achievable goals.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了优秀运动员所具备
的几个性格特点。
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了优秀运动员所具备
的几个性格特点。
36. D　设空处前一句指出运动员的成功有多少是靠天赋和能力，有多
少是靠心理因素，关于这一点，科学家和运动心理学家尚未得出结
论。设空处后一句说明了下文会介绍最成功的运动员具备的几个性格
特点。故D项符合语境，且与设空处前一句构成转折关系。D项中的
the latter指代psychological （traits）。
37. E　结合本段小标题和设空处后一句可知，设空处的内容应与动机
有关，故E项符合语境。E项中的motivate与小标题中的motivation以及
设空处后一句中的motivated构成原词复现。
38. G　设空处前一句说明了没有新手运动员做好了参加大型赛事的准
备，设空处后一句指出他们接下来会努力训练，扎扎实实地实现这些
目标，故G项符合语境。G项中的the world-class events与设空处前一句
中的the Olympics，the World Series， or the Super Bowl相呼应，设空
处后一句中的those goals指代G项中的realistic， achievable goals。
39. F　上文说明了运动员每天都必须应对各种压力，下文指出这些运
动员能把烦恼抛在脑后，专注于手头的任务，F项符合语境。F项中的
stress与小标题中的stress以及本段中多次出现的stress构成原词复现，
设空处后一句中的these athletes指代F项中的High-performing athletes。
40. A　根据本段内容可知，本段主要介绍了优秀运动员都拥有一个独
特的心理特征：相信制度。A项很好地概括了本段主旨，适合作本段
小标题。A项与下文中的believing in the system相呼应。
第三部分　语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以
填入空白处的最佳选项。
　　Years ago when I was in my late teens， some friends and I went on a
trip to Killington， VT. 　41　， I came from the city where traffic，
buildings， and a fast pace of life were all I 　42　. I had never been to
Vermont before and I remember being excited that I was going to
experience something 　43　.
By the time we 　44　， it wasn’t until sometime after dinner. We
were expecting the 　45　 to be at least three to four hours until we got
there. As we got closer to our destination， it started to 　46　. I felt
very 　47　 as we drove up and down the hills in nearly whiteout
conditions， and I didn’t 　48　 my surroundings because it was so dark
and snowy. When we finally arrived at the hotel it was late and I was
thankful we had 　49　 it there safely.
The next morning when I 　50　， the sun was shining through the
curtains — after driving in such 　51　 the night before it was now all
sunshine. When I opened the curtains， I was shocked. I had never 　52　
to see such an enormous and beautiful mountain right in front of me.
All weekend I admired the mountains and wildlife surrounding me.
And that’s when I became 　53　 by the beauty of nature.
Years later， I am enjoying nature even more. I admire and appreciate
it in a whole 　54　 way.
Now I’m finding scary things like insects 　55　 instead of being
afraid of them.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。少年时代的一次深入自然的旅行让
作者学会了欣赏自然。
本文是一篇记叙文。少年时代的一次深入自然的旅行让
作者学会了欣赏自然。
41. A. Before long B. At that time
C. As usual D. In that case
解析：　根据下文的I had never been to Vermont before可知，作者
从未到过Vermont，当时的她只知道城市的交通、高楼大厦和快节
奏的生活，因此，能到不一样的环境去体验，这让她很激动。
42. A. desired B. feared
C. provided D. knew
解析：　参见上题解析。
43. A. different B. unforgettable
C. unpleasant D. similar
解析：　参见第41题解析。
44. A. left B. arrived C. lost D. returned
解析：　根据下文的As we got closer to our destination和
When we finally arrived at the hotel可知，作者她们是在晚饭后
才动身出发的。
45. A. walk B. rest C. strike D. drive
解析：　根据下文的we drove up and down the hills可知，作者她
们估计需要开车至少三四个小时才会到达目的地。
46. A. rain B. cloud C. snow D. clear
解析：　根据下文的whiteout conditions和snowy可知，作者她们
快到目的地时，开始下雪了。
47. A. nervous B. excited
C. confused D. curious
解析：　根据下文的I was thankful we had 　49　 it there safely可
知，作者她们开车在山上行进时，遇到下雪，她很担心。
48. A. check B. compare
C. notice D. remember
解析：　根据下文的it was so dark and snowy可知，由于当时天黑
又下着雪，所以作者并没有注意到周围的环境。
49. A. finished B. made
C. changed D. conducted
解析：　根据上文的When we finally arrived at the hotel可知，作
者她们到达旅店时，她紧张的心情才放松下来。make it表示“成
功做成某事”。
50. A. got out B. settled down
C. headed off D. woke up
解析：　根据下文的the sun was shining through the curtains —
after driving in such 　51　 the night before it was now all sunshine可
知，该处描述的是作者醒来后的景象。
51. A. silence B. darkness
C. danger D. coldness
解析：　根据上文的it was so dark可知，作者她们一行人是晚上
开车的。
52. A. decided B. required
C. expected D. hesitated
解析：　根据上文的I was shocked可知，作者从未想过会亲眼看
到如此巍峨而美丽的山峰。
53. A. concerned B. puzzled
C. hardened D. fascinated
解析：　根据下文的I am enjoying nature even more可知，作者当
时被大自然的美景深深地吸引了。
54. A. strange B. new
C. comfortable D. healthy
解析：　根据语境可知，作者用全新的角度欣赏自然。恐怖的虫
子也不是那么吓人了，而是让她觉得神奇。
55. A. satisfactory B. troublesome
C. amazing D. boring
解析：　参见上题解析。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正
确形式。
　　Every year， from the 15th to the 18th day of the lunar month of
March， the girls in the Miaozhai Village， situated by the Dou Shui
River 　56　 Wuzhishan City and Baoting County meet， 　57　
（happy） celebrate the traditional Sister Festival.
During these days， following the age-old customs of the Hainan
Miao people， they have a special meal known as the “Sister Rice”.
It 　58　 （make） by girls picking wildflowers and leaves from the
mountains， dyeing （给……染色） the rice different colours， 　59　
steaming （蒸） it. After 　60　 （enjoy） the rice， they join young
men in special clothes for sports activities by the river.
Legend （传说） has it that the festival originated from the following
story：
　　A long time ago， many girls lived by the Dou Shui River. Due to its
remote location， it was difficult for them 　61　 （meet） people from
other places， and as a result， they remained unmarried. Later they came
up with a 　62　 （wonder） idea. In March， each girl contributed some
rice and invited girls and young men from other 　63　 （area） for a
meal. During the meal， they did various lively activities： some sang and
danced， some raced horses， some played drums， and a few even did
bullfighting （斗牛）. Over time， the local girls and the visiting young
men developed deep friendships， which eventually led 　64　 lifelong
partnerships.
Since then， the village 　65　 （continue） the tradition，
celebrating the Sister Festival every year.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了海南苗族姊妹节的传统
习俗及其由来。
56. where　考查定语从句。设空处引导限制性定语从句修饰先行词
Dou Shui River，且在从句中作地点状语，故填关系副词where。
57. happily　考查词形转换。设空处作状语修饰celebrate，意为“愉快
地”，应用副词，故填happily。
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了海南苗族姊妹节的传统
习俗及其由来。
58. is made　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。本句介绍了姊妹饭
的制作过程，属于客观情况，应用一般现在时；It与make之间为被动
关系，故填is made。
59. and　考查连词。本句中的picking、dyeing和steaming是连续发生的
动作，设空处应用表示并列关系的并列连词，故填and。
60. enjoying　考查非谓语动词。介词After后接动词-ing形式，故填
enjoying。
61. to meet　考查非谓语动词。本句中用了“it is＋adj.＋for sb to do
sth”结构，设空处应用动词不定式，故填to meet。
62. wonderful　考查词形转换。设空处作定语修饰idea，意为“绝妙
的”，应用形容词，故填wonderful。
63. areas　考查名词复数。设空处作介词from的宾语，且表示泛指，
应用表示复数意义的名词，故填areas。
64. to　考查固定用法。lead to导致。
65. has continued　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据句中的时间状语
Since then可知，设空处应用现在完成时，又因主语village为单数名
词，故填has continued。
第四部分　写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
假定你是李华。你市将于下周日举办一年一度的马拉松比赛，请
你给你的交换生朋友Ray写一封邮件，邀请他一同参加，内容包括：
1. 发出邀请；
2. 介绍比赛；
3. 表示期待。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式作答。
Dear Ray，
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　Yours，
　Li Hua
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
参考范文：
Dear Ray，
Exciting news！ Our city will be hosting its annual marathon race
next Sunday， and I really want you to join me for this awesome
adventure.
This event isn’t just a challenging race， but also a celebration of
sportsmanship. We’ll be running through some of the most picturesque
streets in the city， having a chance to explore and appreciate the local
landmarks.
I think it’s a perfect opportunity for you to challenge yourself
physically， meet new people， and get to know the city better. I’m
looking forward to having you there. Hope you can make it！
　Yours，
　Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构
成一篇完整的短文。
　　When the water came in under the door of their home in Naples，
Florida， it was just a glimmer （隐约的迹象） on the floor， a sign that
it was time to go. It was around noon on Wednesday， 28 September last
year when Darcy Bishop woke her two brothers who had been resting after
lunch. She pulled the wheelchair up to the oldest， Russell Rochow，
66， and helped him into it. Her other brother， Todd Rochow， 63，
was in his room. He could manage with a walker.
Both men had been born with cerebral palsy （脑瘫）， and their
mental development was like that of a young child. About 10 years ago，
they started showing signs of Parkinson’s disease. Bishop， 61， was their
lifeline， their little sister who had long felt an obligation （义务） to
keep them safe.
“We have to go！” she shouted to Todd. She went to open the front
door. It would not move. The weight of the water on the other side had
made it shut. She rushed to try the door to the garage. It was stuck too.
That’s when the house the three siblings （兄弟姐妹） shared began to
flood.
As Hurricane Ian bore down on Florida， many residents who’d
decided to stay found themselves unable to leave even if they tried. Within
days， around 100 deaths in the state were caused by the hurricane. On
Tuesday， Bishop had planned to leave with her brothers for her
daughter’s home 25 kilometres inland. But by then， there were so many
warnings to stay put.
Now Bishop and her brothers were trapped. She texted her
daughter at 12：34 p.m. “Water’s coming in.” Around her， she could
hear the china breaking and the refrigerator falling over. The only way to
go was up. Bishop guided Todd to the stairs， and he held the banister
（扶手）. She helped him pull himself slowly up to the top where he
waited in a chair.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式作答。
　　But stairs were impossible for Russell， who could neither walk
nor bend his legs. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　After a while， Bishop heard the rescuers were downstairs. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
参考范文：
But stairs were impossible for Russell， who could neither walk nor
bend his legs. Bishop tied a belt around Russell’s waist. She tried every
position possible， changing from pushing to pulling， and managed to
get him up a few steps. But the water followed. At one point， he fell back
down， and they had to start over. Then， she called 911 and was told
someone would come soon. Bishop placed pillows around Russell to make
him comfortable. She sat down beside him and waited.
After a while， Bishop heard the rescuers were downstairs. They，
standing in waist-deep water， lifted Bishop and her brothers into the
boats. Bishop and her brothers were all safe. Outside， the wind kept
knocking her over. It seemed to take forever for them to be driven to her
anxious daughter. When asked about the escape， Bishop cried as she
talked about not being able to leave her brothers. Todd and Russell didn’t
say much about the terrible experience they survived， only that they
wanted things to return to normal.
谢谢观看！

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