资源简介

(共149张PPT)
Section Ⅰ　Welcome to the unit & Reading
1
篇章助解·释疑难
目 录
2
文本透析·剖语篇
4
课时检测·提能力
3
核心知识·巧突破
篇章助解·释疑难
力推课前预习
1
The Olympic Games
　　[1]Every four years， thousands of highly trained and talented
athletes① gather together in the spirit of② friendship， solidarity③ and fair
play④， ready to test their abilities against each other in the hope of being
recognized as the best of the best⑤.This is the Olympics⑥ — an
extraordinary sporting event that was first celebrated about 3，000 years
ago.
　　[Subheading 1] History of the Olympic Games
The ancient Olympic Games began in the year 776 BCE⑦.During the
early Games， only Greek men were allowed to participate⑧.They
competed⑨ in such events as boxing， running and the long jump.The
ancient Olympic Games were held at Olympia in Greece every four years
for almost 12 centuries， until they eventually died out around the year
393.
　　More than 1，500 years later， however， the Games rose⑩
again.The modern Olympics were first held in 1896， in Athens.[2]It was
a Frenchman， Pierre de Coubertin， who brought the Olympics back to
life .[3] His dream was that the Olympics would help people of different
racial origins and from different cultures live side by side in peace.For
over a century， people from diverse backgrounds have made joint
efforts to help realize Coubertin’s dream.
　　[1]句中形容词短语ready to test their abilities against each other作
状语。
　　[2]本句为强调句，强调主语a Frenchman， Pierre de Coubertin。
强调句的结构为：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子其他部分。
　　[3]句中that引导表语从句，从句中的介词短语of different racial
origins and from different cultures作定语，修饰people； live side by
side in peace是宾语补足语。
【读文清障】
①highly trained and talented athletes
训练有素、天赋过人的运动员
②in the spirit of本着……的精神
③solidarity n.团结，齐心协力
④fair play 公平比赛
⑤the best of the best精英中的精英
⑥the Olympics/the Olympic Games
奥林匹克运动会
the ancient Olympic Games
古代奥林匹克运动会
⑦BCE abbr.公元前
⑧participate vi.参加，参与
⑨compete vi.参加比赛；竞争
compete in 参加比赛
⑩rise vi.复活；再生
bring ...back to life
使……重获生机
racial adj.种族的；种族间的
different racial origins
不同的种族起源
side by side肩并肩；密切（合作）；和睦（相处）
live side by side in peace
和平地生活在一起
diverse adj.多种多样的，不同的
　　[Subheading 2] Well-known Olympians/Olympic athletes
　　[4]Motivated by the original Olympic motto “Faster，
Higher， Stronger”， many well-known athletes， both male and
female， have devoted themselves to achieving sporting excellence and
pushing the boundaries of human achievement.One such Olympian was
the boxer Cassius Clay.[5]He came to public attention during the 1960
Rome Olympics， when he won the light heavyweight gold medal for the
USA， demonstrating great talent and personality in the
process.Afterwards ， this young man proceeded to become the world
heavyweight champion in 1964， and later changed his name to the one we
all know—Muhammad Ali.He returned to the 1996 Atlanta Olympic
Games to light the Olympic flame at the opening ceremony.[6]By the
time he died in 2016， Ali had been recognized as one of the greatest
boxers of all time .
　　[4]Motivated by ...为过去分词短语作原因状语，both male and
female是athletes的同位语。
　　[5]句中when引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the 1960 Rome
Olympics；demonstrating great talent ...为动词-ing短语作伴随状语。
　　[6]句中By the time引导时间状语从句，从句使用一般过去时，
主句使用了过去完成时。
joint adj.联合的，共同的 n.关节；接合处
make joint efforts 共同努力
motivate vt.激励，激发；成为……的动机，是……的原因
motto n.（pl.mottoes， mottos）
格言，座右铭
boundary n.边界，分界线
come to public attention
引起公众的注意
demonstrate vt.表现，表露；证实，证明；示范，演示 vi.游行示威
demonstration n.
表现，表露；演示，示范
afterwards （also afterward） adv.以后，后来
proceed vi.接着做，继而做；继续从事（或进行）；行进，前往
proceed to do sth接着做某事
flame n.火焰，火舌
light the Olympic flame
点燃奥运火炬
of all time有史以来；一直，始终
　　[7]Another sportsperson that should be applauded is Jessica Ennis-
Hill.Her story is a remarkable example of how hard work and devotion can
lead to sporting excellence.A former track and field athlete from the
UK， she won an Olympic gold medal in her home country in 2012.As if
that were not enough， she returned to the Olympics and won a silver
medal in 2016， just two years after giving birth to her first child.[8]In
an interview she revealed that the secret of her consistent good
performance was the training that she never missed.
　　[7]句中that引导定语从句，修饰先行词sportsperson， that在从句
中作主语；how引导宾语从句，作介词of的宾语。
　　[8]第一个that引导宾语从句；第二个that引导定语从句，修饰先
行词the training。
applaud vt.& vi.称赞，赞许；鼓掌
lead to导致；带来
track and field田径运动
as if＝as though似乎，好像
give birth to分娩；使产生，使诞生
consistent adj.一致的，始终如一的；连续的
　　[Subheading 3] China and the Olympics/China’s contribution to the
Olympics
　　The 2008 Beijing Olympics called on the whole world to join in the
Olympic spirit and build a better future for humanity with the slogan
“One World， One Dream”.In addition to hosting the Olympics for the
first time， China also ranked first in the medal table.This success is
truly remarkable if you consider that just 24 years before， at the 1984 Los
Angeles Olympics， Xu Haifeng won our country’s first-ever gold
medal.Since then the upward trend for Chinese sport has been
unstoppable .[9]At the 2004 Athens Olympic Games， Liu Xiang
became the first Asian to win the gold medal in the men’s 110-metre
hurdles ， while at the 2016 Rio Olympic Games， the Chinese women’s
volleyball team won a hard-fought victory in the final.Another historic
moment for China came when Beijing successfully hosted the 2022 Winter
Olympics after winning the election in 2015.
The Olympic Games bring joy and excitement to people across the
world.[10]As Coubertin believed， “With the Olympic Games， each
generation celebrates its advent ， its joy of living， its faith in the
future， its ambition and its will to ascend .”
　　[9]句中while用作并列连词，表示对比。前一个分句中，
Asian被序数词first修饰，故用动词不定式短语to win the gold
medal in the men’s 110-metre hurdles作后置定语。
　　[10]句中As引导非限制性定语从句，As指代后面整个句子的
内容。
call on sb to do sth正式邀请某人做某事；请求某人做某事
humanity n.（统称）人，人类；人性；人道，仁慈
rank vi.& vt.属于某等级，把……分等级；排列，使排成行 n.地位，
级别；等级；排，列；军衔
trend n.趋势，趋向
unstoppable adj.不可抗拒的；不可阻挡的
hurdle n.（hurdles）跨栏赛；栏架；障碍
win a hard-fought victory艰苦作战取得了胜利
election n.选举，推选；当选
advent n.（重要事件、人物等的）到来，出现
faith n.信心；宗教信仰
ambition n.追求的目标，夙愿；野心，雄心，壮志
ascend vi.& vt.上升，升高，登高
【参考译文】
奥林匹克运动会
每过四年，成千上万名训练有素、天赋过人的运动员，本着友
谊、团结和公平竞争的精神聚集在一起准备互相较量，希望能成为举
世公认的顶尖选手。这就是奥运会——一场可以追溯到约 3000 年前
的非凡的体育赛事。
[小标题1]　奥运会的历史
古代奥林匹克运动会始于公元前 776 年。早期的奥运会只允许希
腊男性参赛。他们的竞赛项目包括拳击、赛跑和跳远。古代奥林匹克
运动会每四年在希腊的奥林匹亚举办，持续了近 12 个世纪，直到公
元 393 年前后才最终停办。
然而 1500 多年后，奥运会旧火重燃。1896 年，第一届现代奥运
会在雅典举办。是一位叫皮埃尔·德·顾拜旦的法国人使奥运会重现生
机。他的梦想是借助奥运会让不同种族、不同文化的人和平地生活在
一起。一个多世纪以来，来自不同背景的人们共同努力，帮助实现顾
拜旦的梦想。
[小标题2]　著名的奥运会运动员
在原先的奥运口号“更快、更高、更强”的激励下，许多著名的
男女运动员致力于在体育运动方面追求卓越，突破人类成就的极限。
拳击手卡修斯·克莱就是这样一名奥运会选手。他在 1960 年罗马奥运
会上引起了公众的关注，当时他为美国赢得了轻重量级拳击金牌，在
比赛过程中展现了过人的天赋与优秀的品性。后来，这位年轻人又在
1964 年成了世界重量级拳击冠军，之后将名字改成了我们耳熟能详的
穆罕默德·阿里。1996 年，他重返亚特兰大奥林匹克运动会，在开幕
式上点燃了奥运火炬。在 2016 年过世前，阿里已被公认为有史以来
最伟大的拳击手之一。
　　另一位值得称赞的运动员是杰西卡·恩尼斯-希尔。她的故事为我
们出色地示范了如何通过勤奋和专注取得优异的体育成绩。作为一名
前英国田径运动员，2012 年，她在自己的祖国赢得了一块奥运金牌。
但是她仿佛认为那还不够，2016年，在生下第一个孩子仅仅两年后，
她又重返奥运赛场并斩获一块银牌。她在采访中透露，自己维持良好
表现的秘诀在于从来不缺席训练。
[小标题3]　中国和奥运会/中国对奥运会的贡献
2008 年北京奥运会以“同一个世界，同一个梦想”为口号，号召
全世界共享奥运精神，为人类共建美好未来。中国不仅是第一次举办
奥运会，更是在奖牌榜上位列第一。这份成功着实令人瞩目，考虑到
仅仅 24 年前，许海峰才在 1984 年洛杉矶奥运会上为我们国家摘得了
史上第一块金牌。从那时起，中国体育的上升势头就不可阻挡了。
2004 年雅典奥林匹克运动会上，刘翔成为亚洲赢得男子 110米跨栏金
牌的第一人，而在 2016 年里约热内卢奥林匹克运动会上，中国女子
排球队在决赛中艰苦作战取得了胜利。对于中国来说，又一个历史性
时刻是北京在2015年赢得选举后成功举办了2022 年冬季奥运会。
奥林匹克运动会给全世界人民带来了喜悦和激动。正如顾拜旦所
信奉的：“有了奥林匹克运动会，每一代人都能庆祝他们的到来、他
们生活的喜悦、他们对未来的信念、他们的雄心，以及他们进取的决
心。”
文本透析·剖语篇
助力语篇理解
2
第一步：析架构，理文本脉络
Read the passage quickly and fill in the blanks.
第二步：精读文，达明察秋毫
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer.
1. How often are the Olympic Games held？
A. Every two years. B. Every three years.
C. Every four years. D. Every five years.
2. Which of the statements about the ancient Olympic Games is NOT
true？
A. The ancient Olympic Games began in the year 776 BCE.
B. The ancient Olympic Games were held in Greece for almost 12
centuries.
C. Boxing， running and the long jump were included.
D. Only Greek women could participate in the ancient Olympic Games.
3. Where were the modern Olympics first held？
A. In Atlanta. B. In Athens.
C. In Rome. D. In London.
4. What can we learn about Muhammad Ali in Paragraph 4？
A. He showed great talent in the 1960 Rome Olympics.
B. He changed his name after the 1960 Rome Olympics.
C. He lit the Olympic flame of the 1996 Rio Olympic Games.
D. He became the world light heavyweight boxing champion in 1964.
5. For what purpose did Pierre de Coubertin bring the Olympics back to
life？
A. To promote a peaceful world by joint efforts.
B. To encourage women to participate in the Olympic Games.
C. To push the boundary of human achievement.
D. To encourage people from different racial origins to participate in sports.
第三步：通词句，学语言表达
1. 词汇学习——循规律，记单词
（1）“-ion→-ious”演变记
①ambition→ambitious adj.有雄心的
②religion→religious adj.宗教的
③caution→cautious adj.小心的
（2）由“compete”联想到的相关词汇
①champion/first place 冠军
②runner-up/second place 亚军
③third place 季军
④player/competitor 选手
⑤opponent/rival 对手
2. 美句欣赏——赏佳句，品用法
时间衔接过渡词的恰当使用：课文第四段使用了表示时间先后的副
词，使文章衔接更加自然、连贯顺畅。请找出、大声朗读并翻译成
汉语。
原句：







One such Olympian was the boxer Cassius Clay.He came to
public attention during the 1960 Rome Olympics， when he won the
light heavyweight gold medal for the USA， demonstrating great talent
and personality in the process.Afterwards， this young man proceeded
to become the world heavyweight champion in 1964， and later
changed his name to the one we all know — Muhammad Ali.He returned
to the 1996 Atlanta Olympic Games to light the Olympic flame at the
opening ceremony.　
翻译：





拳击手卡修斯·克莱就是这样一名奥运会选手。他在 1960
年罗马奥运会上引起了公众的关注，当时他为美国赢得了轻重量级
拳击金牌，在比赛过程中展现了过人的天赋与优秀的品性。后来，
这位年轻人又在 1964 年成了世界重量级拳击冠军，之后将名字改
成了我们耳熟能详的穆罕默德·阿里。1996 年，他重返亚特兰大奥
林匹克运动会，在开幕式上点燃了奥运火炬。　
第四步：析难句，清阅读障碍
1. Motivated by the original Olympic motto “Faster， Higher，
Stronger”， many well-known athletes， both male and female， have
devoted themselves to achieving sporting excellence and pushing the
boundaries of human achievement.
句式分析



　在原先的奥运口号“更快、更高、更强”的激励下，许多著
名的男女运动员致力于在体育运动方面追求卓越，突破人类成就
的极限。　
尝试翻译
2. He came to public attention during the 1960 Rome Olympics， when he
won the light heavyweight gold medal for the USA， demonstrating
great talent and personality in the process.
句式分析
尝试翻译



　他在1960年罗马奥运会上引起了公众的关注，当时他为美国
赢得了轻重量级拳击金牌，在比赛过程中展现了过人的天赋与优
秀的品性。　
3. In an interview she revealed that the secret of her consistent good
performance was the training that she never missed.
句式分析
尝试翻译


　她在采访中透露，自己维持良好表现的秘诀在于从来不缺席
训练。　
4. At the 2004 Athens Olympic Games， Liu Xiang became the first Asian
to win the gold medal in the men’s 110-metre hurdles，while at the 2016
Rio Olympic Games， the Chinese women’s volleyball team won a
hard-fought victory in the final.
句式分析



　2004 年雅典奥林匹克运动会上，刘翔成为亚洲赢得男子 110米跨
栏金牌的第一人，而在 2016 年里约热内卢奥林匹克运动会上，中
国女子排球队在决赛中艰苦作战取得了胜利。　
尝试翻译
第五步：拓视野，育思维品质
1. Do you think the Olympic Games can help people of different racial
origins and from different cultures live side by side in peace？ Why or
why not？（Critical Thinking 批判性思维）









　I believe that the Olympic Games can help people of different racial
origins and from different cultures live side by side in peace because
sport focuses on a person’s athletic capabilities and not on the colour of
their skin or cultural background.The Olympic Games， by celebrating
sportsmanship worldwide，draw attention to the hard work that athletes
put in and the devotion they have to their specific sport.Sports fans do
not care about race or culture either，but instead，are impressed by the
athletes’ physical and mental abilities and show their appreciation for
every athlete’s effort.　
2. How do you understand Coubertin’s words at the end of the website
article？（Creative Thinking 创造性思维）








　I think Coubertin’s words mean that the Olympic Games would have a
positive influence on the world well into the future.Coubertin believed
that through the “joy of living”and “faith in the future”， the
Games would make the future better so that people of all races and
cultures could live in harmony.When Coubertin said “its ambition and
its will to ascend”， he was referring to how the Games would
motivate humans to strive for greater and greater ambitions with each
generation， making humanity stronger over time.　
核心知识·巧突破
探究课堂重点
3
Part Ⅰ　核心词汇集释
participate vi.参加，参与
【教材原句】　During the early Games， only Greek men were allowed
to participate.
早期的奥运会只允许希腊男性参赛。
【用法】
（1）participate in　　　参加，参与
participate with sb in sth　　与某人一起分担某事
（2）participation n.　　参加，参与
participant n.　　参与者，参加者
【佳句】　Last spring， I was fortunate to be chosen to participate in an
exchange study program.
去年春天，我有幸被选上参加一个交流学习的项目。
Encouraged by the teacher， the participants actively participated in the
English speech contest. Their participation inspired the rest of the class to
study hard.
在老师的鼓励下，参与者积极参加英语演讲比赛。他们的参与激励了
班上其他人努力学习。
【用准】　表示“参加”的短语还有take part in、 join in、
compete in等。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①As scheduled， we participated several instructive activities.
② （participate） in several similar activities
before，I know well how to handle emergencies.
③It’s required that the （participate） should perform
English programmes in ten minutes.
④Xie Lei also found many courses included students’
（participate） in class as part of the final result.
in　
Having participated　
participants　
participation　
【写美】　完成句子
⑤Learning that you’re very interested in the Chinese language， I’m
writing
.
了解到你对中文非常感兴趣，我写信邀请你参加为外国学生举办的中
文演讲比赛。
to invite you to participate in the Chinese Speech Contest for
foreign students　
compete vi.参加比赛；竞争
【教材原句】　They competed in such events as boxing， running and
the long jump.
他们的竞赛项目包括拳击、赛跑和跳远。
【用法】
（1）compete in　参加……比赛；在……方面竞争
compete for　　为……而竞争
compete with/against ...for ...　　争取……而与……对抗/竞争
（2）competition n.　　　　比赛
competitor n.　　竞争者；对手
competitive adj.　　有竞争力的
从各个班级中选出的参赛者参加了比赛，这是很有竞争力的。
The two girls competed with/against each other for the first prize.
这两个女孩为争夺一等奖而竞争。
【佳句】　The competitors selected from every class competed in the
competition， which is rather competitive.
【练透】　单句语法填空
①Although Charles Darwin thought that trees are competing
survival of the fittest，Simard shows just how wrong he was.
②Life is like a long race where we often compete others
to go beyond ourselves.
③To arouse students’ passion for nature and art， our school English
newspaper will hold a painting creation （compete） on
the theme of “The Beauty of Nature”.
for　
with/against　
competition　
【写美】　完成句子
④Runners from many countries
the first gold medal.
来自许多国家的赛跑运动员正在为第一枚金牌而彼此竞争。
are competing with/against each other
for　
motivate vt.激励，激发；成为……的动机，是……的原因
【教材原句】　Motivated by the original Olympic motto “Faster，
Higher， Stronger”， many well-known athletes， both male and
female， have devoted themselves to achieving sporting excellence and
pushing the boundaries of human achievement.
在原先的奥运口号“更快、更高、更强”的激励下，许多著名的男女
运动员致力于在体育运动方面追求卓越，突破人类成就的极限。
【用法】
（1）motivate sb to do sth 激励某人做某事
be motivated by　　被……所激励；出于……
（2）motivated adj.　　有动机的；有积极性的
be motivated to do sth　　有动力做某事
（3）motivation n.　　　　动机；积极性；推动
improve/increase sb’s motivation　　增强某人的积极性
【佳句】　She said， “Competitions can motivate a student to seek
more knowledge.”
她说：“竞争能促使学生去追求更多的知识。”
These methods can help to increase students’ motivation and interests.
这些方法有助于提高学生们的积极性和兴趣。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①You should reassess your goals， and motivate yourself
（set） a fresh goal.
②Without （motivate）， you can neither set a goal nor
reach it.
③A highly （motivate） child can learn almost anything.
to set　
motivation　
motivated　
【写美】　完成句子
④Some people for success， while
others of failure.
一些人被对成功的渴望激励着，而另一些人却被对失败的恐惧驱
使着。
are motivated by a need　
are motivated by a fear　
proceed vi.接着做，继而做；继续从事（或进行）；行进，前往
【教材原句】　Afterwards， this young man proceeded to become the
world heavyweight champion in 1964， and later changed his name to the
one we all know — Muhammad Ali.
后来，这位年轻人又在 1964 年成了世界重量级拳击冠军，之后将名
字改成了我们耳熟能详的穆罕默德·阿里。
【用法】
proceed with sth 　　　继续做某事（通常指可能中断过的事）
proceed to do sth　　继续进行（一系列行动或活动的下一阶段）
proceed to someplace　　前往某个地方
proceed from ...　　从……出发；由……引起
【佳句】　It’s better to adjust your goals or your timetable than to
proceed with a plan that is unrealistic.
调整你的目标或时间表比继续进行一个不切实际的计划要好。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①Taking a cup of tea， he proceeded （tell） me his story
during his childhood.
②Passengers for Rome should proceed Gate 32 for boarding.
③Your ideas are very good and let’s proceed this plan.
【写美】　句式升级
④The bear went on snapping at the fence fiercely using his sharp teeth.
→The bear using his sharp
teeth.
to tell　
to　
with　
proceeded to snap at the fence fiercely　
consistent adj.一致的，始终如一的；连续的
【教材原句】　In an interview she revealed that the secret of her
consistent good performance was the training that she never missed.她在
采访中透露，自己维持良好表现的秘诀在于从来不缺席训练。
【用法】
（1）be consistent with　和……一致；与……相符
（2）consist vi.　　由……组成；在于；一致
consist of　　由……组成
consist in＝lie in　　存在于；在于
consist with　　与……一致/相符
（3）consistently adv.　　一贯地；一致地；坚持地
consistency n.　　一致性；连贯性
【佳句】　These results are consistent with the findings of the previous
study.
这些结果与以前的研究结果是一致的。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①Keep in mind that our ideal life does not always consist the
reality.
②The true wealth does not consist what we have，but in what we
are.
【写美】　完成句子
③If what parents say what they do， it will
have a bad effect on their children.
如果父母言行不一，这会对他们的孩子有坏影响。
with　
in　
is not consistent with　
call on sb to do sth 正式邀请某人做某事；请求某人做某事
【教材原句】　The 2008 Beijing Olympics called on the whole world to
join in the Olympic spirit and build a better future for humanity with the
slogan “One World， One Dream”.
2008 年北京奥运会以“同一个世界，同一个梦想”为口号，号召全世
界共享奥运精神，为人类共建美好未来。
【用法】
call on/upon 　号召；拜访（某人）
call at 　　拜访（某地），（短时间）停留
call for 　　需要；（公开）要求；（去）接（某人）
call off 　　取消
call up 　　给……打电话；使……回忆起
call in　　召集
call （sb） back　　（给某人）再打电话/回电话
【佳句】　He called on citizens to protect the environment and travel
green.
他号召市民保护环境，绿色出行。
【练透】　介、副词填空
①We had to call the sports meeting because of the heavy
rainstorm.
②I called his house twice， but he happened to be out each time.
③The job calls great patience so I don’t think you are qualified for
it.
off　
at　
for　
【写美】　完成句子
④We cloth bags and baskets instead of plastic
bags.
我们呼吁人们使用布袋子和篮子代替塑料袋。
call on people to use　
election n.选举，推选；当选
【教材原句】　Another historic moment for China came when Beijing
successfully hosted the 2022 Winter Olympics after winning the election in
2015.
对于中国来说，又一个历史性时刻是北京在2015年赢得选举后成功举
办了2022年冬季奥运会。
【用法】
（1）win/lose an election　　在选举中获胜/失败
fight an election　　参加竞选
vote in an election　　参加投票选举
（2）elect v.　　选举；选择，决定（做某事）
elect sb to be/as ...　　选举、推举某人为……
elect to do sth　　选择做某事
【佳句】　If I am lucky enough to win the election，the first thing I will
do is to enrich our students’ after-class activities.
如果我有幸当选，我要做的第一件事就是丰富学生们的课外活动。　
（应用文写作之演讲稿）
【练透】　单句语法填空
①In America， presidential （elect） are held every four
years.
②The school board is made up of parents who have been elected
（make） decisions about school affairs.
③After a heated debate，the professor （elect）
chairman of the voluntary organization.
elections　
to
make　
was elected　
【写美】　完成句子
④Increasing numbers of people elect
nowadays.
现在越来越多的人选择在网上购物。
to purchase goods on the
Internet　
faith n.信心；宗教信仰
【教材原句】　As Coubertin believed， “With the Olympic Games，
each generation celebrates its advent， its joy of living， its faith in the
future， its ambition and its will to ascend.”
正如顾拜旦所信奉的：“有了奥林匹克运动会，每一代人都能庆祝他
们的到来、他们生活的喜悦、他们对未来的信念、他们的雄心，以及
他们进取的决心。”
【用法】
（1）have/lose faith in　　　对……有/失去信心
keep/break faith with　　信守/违背对……的
　　承诺
（2）faithful adj.　　忠实的；守信的
be faithful to　　忠实于；忠诚于
（3）faithfully adv.　　忠实地；诚心诚意地
【佳句】　If you have faith in yourselves， nothing can defeat you.
如果你们对自己有信心，就没有什么能把你们打败。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①A devoted friend is faithful you in times of trouble.
②Her friend’s kindness has restored her faith human nature.
③Their activities were （faith） described in the
newspaper.
【写美】　完成句子
④To sum up，it is also very important that friends should
.
总之，朋友之间对彼此忠诚也很重要。
to　
in　
faithfully　
be faithful to
each other　
ambition n.追求的目标，夙愿；野心，雄心，壮志
【用法】
（1）achieve one’s ambition　实现某人的夙愿/抱负；如愿以偿
an ambition to do sth/of doing sth 想做某事的夙愿
（2）ambitious adj.　　　　　有野心的，有雄心的
be ambitious to do sth　　一心想做某事
be ambitious for （power， social position， etc.）　极欲获得（权
力、社会地位等）
（3）ambitiously adv.　　雄心勃勃地；劲头十足地
【佳句】　Tom is ambitious.One of his ambitions is to become a great
inventor in the future.汤姆是有雄心的。他所追求的目标之一是将来成
为一名伟大的发明家。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①His ambition （work） as a lawyer is likely to be realized
in the near future.
②My brother’s ambition is （become） a pilot after
graduation.
③The young man had an （ambition） plan to build a
school in the poor village.
to work　
to become　
ambitious　
【写美】　完成句子
④Nothing would stop me from .
没有什么可以阻止我实现我的抱负。
achieving/realizing my ambition　
identical adj.完全同样的
【教材原句】　The majority of these sports are identical to those at the
Olympics but other sports， such as wushu， have been added too.
这些运动项目中的大多数与奥运会相同，但也加入了其他的运动，如
武术。
【用法】
（1）be identical to/with 　　　　和……完全相同，　　与……一致
（2）identically adv.　　同一地，相等地
【佳句】　Her dress is almost identical to mine.
她的连衣裙和我的几乎一模一样。
This is the identical room we stayed in last year.
这就是我们去年住的那个房间。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①This house is almost identical the one where I lived ten
years ago.
②Everybody in the meeting （identical） agreed that the
prize should be given to Tom.
【写美】　完成句子
③His voice that of his father.
他的声音和他父亲的一样。
to/with　
identically　
is identical to/with　
Part Ⅱ　重点句型解构
句型公式：强调句
【教材原句】　It was a Frenchman， Pierre de Coubertin， who
brought the Olympics back to life.
是一位叫皮埃尔·德·顾拜旦的法国人使奥运会重现生机。
【用法】
强调句的基本结构：
（1）陈述句：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子其他部分。
（2）一般疑问句：Is/Was it＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子其他部
分？
（3）特殊疑问句：疑问词＋is/was it＋that＋句子其他部分？
（4）强调not until ...的句式：It is/was not until＋被强调部分＋that＋
句子其他部分。
【品悟】　It was Tom who helped the old man.
是汤姆帮助了那位老人。（强调主语）
It was an old magazine that Mary found in the bag.
玛丽在书包里找到的是一本旧杂志。（强调宾语）
It was when I got back to my apartment that I first came across my new
neighbours.
是在我回到我的公寓时，我第一次遇到我的新邻居。（强调状语）
【写美】　完成句子
① helped me get over those
difficulties.
正是玛丽的鼓励帮我克服了那些困难。
② you met Mr Smith？
你是在那个公园遇到史密斯先生的吗？
③ has stopped you from telling me the truth？
是什么使得你不告诉我真相？
It was Mary’s encouragement that　
Was it in the park that　
What is it that　
④ we recognized her.
直到她把眼镜摘了，我们才认出了她。
【点津】　强调句可以对句子中除谓语外的其他某个成分进行强调；
若被强调的部分指人，可用that或who，若被强调的部分表示其他时，
一般用that。
It was not until she took off her glasses that　
句型公式：by the time引导时间状语从句
【教材原句】　By the time he died in 2016， Ali had been recognized as
one of the greatest boxers of all time.
在 2016 年过世前，阿里已被公认为有史以来最伟大的拳击手之一。
【用法】
by the time用作连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“到……时候为
止”。
（1）by the time＋从句（一般过去时），主句时态用过去完成时。
（2）by the time＋从句（一般现在时或现在完成时），主句时态用
将来完成时。
（3）如果主句动作不强调已经完成，只是说明某个时候的状况，此
时主句不用完成时，而应根据实际选用适当的时态，此时by the time
相当于when。
【品悟】　By the time this letter reaches you， I will have left the
country.
等你收到这封信的时候，我已经离开这个国家了。
【写美】　完成句子
①By the time we arrived at the station， .
当我们到达车站时，火车已经离开了。
②We here for five years by the time we graduate.
到我们毕业的时候，我们已经在这里待了五年了。
③ ， he had built his own lab.
到他十四岁的时候，他已经建起了自己的实验室。
the train had left　
will have stayed　
By the time he was fourteen　
课时检测·提能力
培育学科素养
4
维度一：品句填词　
根据所给单词的首字母或汉语提示，写出单词的正确形式。
1. We’ll have supper in a Chinese restaurant and return to the hotel
a .
2. There has been a recent t in the food service industry toward a
lower fat content and less salt.
3. The track and field game was r by satellite to audiences all over
the world.
4. What the sponsor did wasn’t c with what he had promised.
fterwards　
rend　
elayed　
onsistent　
5. The ambassador enjoys a very good reputation for his commitment
among his f .
6. To my surprise， her dress is almost （完全同样的） to
mine.
7. Thoughts and （格言） can beautify one’s soul，exactly
the way flowers can beautify one’s room.
8. After a while， the witnesses （接着做） to give more
information about the accident.
ellows　
identical　
mottos　
proceeded　
9. The firefighters are making （共同的） efforts to get the
mountain fire under control.
10. People from （不同的） cultures work together in this
company.
joint　
diverse　
维度二：词形转换
用括号内单词的适当形式填空。
1. On 5 January， students in our school visited Robot World， where we
saw a great （diverse） of robot.
2. Her poems described living conditions of the poor，
（race） inequality and drug use in the black community.
3. To the citizens in Hangzhou，the best part of it is that it will give them
the chance to watch world-class matches and
（compete） close to home.
diversity　
racial　
competitions　
4. Tom followed his teacher’s advice （faith） and made
great progress.
5. Both of the （participate） achieved their ambitions，
which inspired them to get ahead.
6. There was a great round of （applaud） when the dance
ended.
7. He’s a very （ambition） boy who always wants to play
at the highest level.
8. An （elect） is a process in which people vote to choose a
person or group of people to hold an official position.
faithfully　
participants　
applause　
ambitious　
election　
维度三：固定搭配和句式
根据汉语及括号内提示完成下列句子。
1. 正是这次参观让我意识到帮助别人不应该是空谈。（强调句）
helping others should by
no means be an empty talk.
2. 为什么不叫我同你一块吃蛋糕？（call on sb to do sth）
Why didn’t you ？
3. 再给一次机会，我相信我会把工作做得更好。（动词-ed形式）
， I am sure that I’ll do the job much better.
It was the visit that made me realize that　
call on me to share the cake with you　
Given another chance　
4. 等他回到家时，雨已经停了。（by the time）
， the rain had stopped.
5. 彼得总是他们班里第一个到校的男孩。（the＋序数词＋名词＋to
do ...）
Peter is always in his class.
By the time he returned/got home　
the first boy to come to school　
维度四：课文语法填空
阅读课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确
形式。
In the year 776 BCE， only Greek men 1.
（allow） to take part in the Olympics.The modern Olympics were first
held in 1896， in Athens.A Frenchman， Pierre de Coubertin， whose
dream was 2. the Olympics would help people of different
3. （race） origins and from different cultures live side by side
in peace， 4.
were allowed　
that　
racial　
（bring） the Olympics back to life.In the history of the
Olympics， a lot of athletes deserve 5.
（praise）.Among them the boxer Cassius Clay and the track and field
athlete Jessica Ennis-Hill are 6. （extreme）
excellent.Cassius Clay drew people’s attention during the 1960 Rome
Olympics， 7. he won the light heavyweight gold medal.Jessica
Ennis-Hill’s story is a remarkable example of how hard work and 8.
brought　
to be praised/praising　
extremely　
when　
（devote） can lead to outstanding performance in sports.The
2008 Beijing Olympics appealed 9. the whole world with the slogan
“One World， One Dream”.The year 2022 was another historic moment
for China， 10. Beijing successfully hosted the 2022
Winter Olympics.
devotion　
to　
as/because　
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Somewhere in the Southern Pacific Ocean， Kirsten Neusch fer is
alone on her boat as she tries to outfight the latest storm that crosses her
path. Neusch fer is battling to win what is possibly the most challenging
competition the sailing world has to offer — the Golden Globe Race.
Since setting off from the coast of France， Neusch fer， the only woman
competing， has left all competitors in her wake. Of the 16 entrants who
set sail five months ago， only four are still in the race， and for the
moment at least， she’s leading.
　　Unlike its more famous cousin， the Vendée Globe solo nonstop race
with its purpose-built boats made for speed， Golden Globe entrants sail
low-tech boats without modern electronic aids — no laptops or electronic
charts， or complicated weather routing （气象定线）.To find their
position at sea， participants instead rely on celestial navigation （天文导
航） and simple speed calculations.
　　Racers don’t do it for the money. The prize of 5，000 pounds is not
even enough to cover entry fees. “The single-handed aspect was the one
that drew me，” Neusch fer， who is from South Africa， says of her
decision to enter. “I really like the aspect of sailing by celestial
navigation，” she says， adding that she’s always wanted to know
“what it would have been like back when you didn’t have all the modern
technology at your fingertips.”
　　The days on board aren’t always full of drama.A typical day， if there
is such a thing， starts just before sunrise， Neusch fer says， “a good
time to get the time signal on the radio so that I can synchronize （校准）
my watches，” which she needs for accurate celestial
navigation.“Then ... I’ll have a cup of coffee and a bowl of cereal.” A
walk around the deck （甲板） to see if anything goes wrong and perhaps
a bit of reading before another sight at noon to check her position. In a
media interview conducted through an old-fashioned satellite （卫星）
phone on her boat， she says after the race finishes， “The first thing I’d
like to do is eat ice cream.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了Kirsten Neusch fer参加
环球帆船赛事的经历。
本文是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了Kirsten Neusch fer参加
环球帆船赛事的经历。
1. Which of the following best explains “in her wake” underlined in
Paragraph 1？
A. Cheering her on. B. Following her lead.
C. Beside her. D. Behind her.
解析：　词义猜测题。根据第一段最后一句可知，五个月前，16
名参赛者从法国出发，目前她是处于领先地位的。由此可推知，画
线部分所在句的意思应为：Neusch fer把所有竞争对手都“甩在后
面”。
2. What can be inferred about the Golden Globe Race？
A. It puts emphasis on team spirit.
B. Its winners master traditional sailing skills.
C. It is the most well-known sailing race in the world.
D. Its boats are specially built to achieve higher speeds.
解析：　推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，参加这项环球帆船
赛的选手需要在没有现代电子设备的情况下驾驶复古船型，他们只
能依靠天文导航以及简单的速度计算来完成航行竞赛。由此可推
知，这项比赛的获胜者熟练掌握了传统的航海技术。
3. What attracted Neusch fer to enter the Golden Globe Race？
A. The challenge of unassisted sailing.
B. The chance of sailing around the globe.
C. The recognition from the sailing community.
D. The honor coming with winning the first prize.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第三段中Neusch fer关于其参赛决定的
话语可知，这项赛事吸引她的方面就是需要独立完成竞赛，她很喜
欢传统的天文导航方式，想知道在没有现代技术的时代是如何航海
的。由此可知，正是这种无辅助航海的模式吸引了她前来参赛。
4. What are most of Neusch fer’s days on board like？
A. They are long and tiring.
B. They are relatively peaceful.
C. They are totally unpredictable.
D. They are busy but manageable.
解析：　推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，Neusch fer在船上
的生活并不总是充满戏剧性，多数时候都像日常生活一样，是相对
平静的。
B
　　In 2022， I averaged 9，370 steps a day. I knew. I counted. Or rather
my cellphone counted. I carried it everywhere — not so much to catch
every call as to catch every step. My daily aim？ Ten thousand steps. Yet
the concept of taking 10，000 steps a day to maintain health is rooted not
in science but in a marketing trick of a Japanese pedometer （计步器）
called Manpo-kei， which means 10，000 steps meter.
　　“It was just sort of an attractive phrase，” says I-Min Lee， an
epidemiologist at Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women’s
Hospital in Boston.Taking that many steps daily is challenging but doable
for many people. “Sure， if you get 10，000 steps， it seems like a good
goal. But there was not really any basis to it.”
　　The current physical activity guidelines in the US are still mainly
based on time. Experts reviewed hundreds of previous studies on exercise
and health.Nearly all were based on self-reports of physical activity，
meaning the data were probably not accurate. Because of that room for
error， the experts ended up recommending broad exercise ranges and not
step counts： 150 to 300 minutes of weekly moderate activity like fast
walking or 75 to 150 minutes of vigorous activity like jogging.
　　Now evidence about steps is starting to come in. According to the
latest studies， people younger than 60 should walk 8，000 to 10，000
steps a day to get the most benefits. People older than 60 show the most
benefits between 6，000 and 8，000 steps.7，000 to 9，000 steps a day is
roughly equivalent to （等同于） 150 to 300 minutes of fast walking each
week. Walking for 60 minutes at 3.3 miles an hour and running for 30
minutes at 6 miles an hour use the same amount of energy. The older you
are， the less efficient you are with your steps.Per step， older people
expend （消耗） more energy. As a result， they need fewer steps to
achieve the same benefits.
In addition， the total number of steps you take does appear to matter more
than the speed at which you take them.
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。每天走10000步真的有利于健康吗？
本文是一篇议论文。每天走10000步真的有利于健康吗？
5. What is the main purpose of the author carrying his cellphone
everywhere？
A. To keep it safe.
B. To count his steps.
C. To avoid missing incoming calls.
D. To compare it with a Japanese pedometer.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第一段中的Or rather my cellphone
counted.I carried it everywhere — not so much to catch every call as to
catch every step.可知，作者不管到哪儿都携带手机主要是为了通过
手机记录行走的步数。
6. What is I-Min Lee’s attitude towards the goal of 10，000 steps a day？
A. Confused. B. Confident.
C. Interested. D. Doubtful.
解析：　观点态度题。根据第二段最后一句可知，I-Min Lee表
示，虽然日行10000步看起来是个不错的目标，但实际上是没有任
何依据的。由此可推知，I-Min Lee对这个目标持怀疑的态度。
7. What is the disadvantage of previous studies on exercise and health？
A. They failed to conclude practical guidelines.
B. They included limited types of physical activities.
C. They were probably based on inaccurate information.
D. They were specifically targeted for weekly fitness amounts.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第三段第二、三句可知，专家们发
现，以往关于运动和健康的研究几乎都是基于身体活动的自我报告
展开的，这些数据很有可能并不准确。
8. What can be inferred from the latest studies？
A. Running is better for health than fast walking.
B. One’s walking speed reflects his health condition.
C. The recommended amount of exercise varies with age.
D. Old people need to exercise longer than young people daily.
解析：　推理判断题。根据最后一段第二、三句可推知，不同年
龄的人，每天适宜的运动量也不同。
C
　　In the Beijing Winter Olympics， we were treated to incredible
displays of athletic talents as competitors took to the snow and ice. As a
popular sport at the Winter Olympics， ski jumping is one of the best
examples to showcase the “superhuman” power of athletes.
　　Ski jumpers soar into the air and appear to be almost flying in the sky.
How do they achieve this？ Physics can offer us an explanation of how
they make it. It involves the use of the laws of aerodynamics （空气动力
学） to fight against gravity and increase lift while reducing drag.
　　To understand how ski jumping works， we need to consider three
elements： gravity， lift and drag. Gravity is the force that pulls us
towards an object. Lift occurs when an object is moving through the air —
as its surface comes into contact with air particles （微粒）， the particles
are pushed down and away from the object， allowing it to move up. At
the same time， this interaction creates drag， and slows down an object’s
movement.
　　While there is nothing that the skiers can do about gravity， they can
twist their bodies into positions allowing them to achieve greater lift and
avoid as much drag as possible. According to the Smithsonian Magazine，
“To do this， athletes try their best to make their skis and body nearly
parallel to the ground and place their skis in a V-shape just outside the form
of the body.This position increases the surface area that produces lift and
puts them in the ideal angle that will also maximize lift.”
　　Because of how the sport works， athletes’ equipment is strictly
controlled according to weight and height in order to avoid any unfair
advantages. This means suits must be tight in order to ensure athletes
cannot use them as a way to gain more lift. For athletes， minor day-to-day
water weight changes as little as 300 grams.It can mean that suits will not
be tight enough according to their body mass indexes （BMI） （体重指
数）.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了跳台滑雪背后的科
学原理。
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了跳台滑雪背后的科
学原理。
9. What does the underlined word “It” in the second paragraph refer to？
A. Athletic talent. B. Ski jumping.
C. Physical science. D. Superhuman power.
解析：　代词指代题。第一段最后一句引出话题——跳台滑雪。
再根据画线词所在句可知，它涉及使用空气动力学定律来对抗重
力，增加升力，同时减少阻力。由此可猜测，It指的是“跳台滑
雪”。
10. What contributes to lift in ski jumping？
A. The interaction between force and drag.
B. The interaction between gravity and balance.
C. The interaction between skiers and air particles.
D. The interaction between air particles and gravity.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第三段第三句可知，滑雪者和空气微
粒之间的相互作用产生跳台滑雪的升力。
11. What is required to ensure fair play in ski jumping？
A. Standardized equipment.
B. Specially made suits.
C. Strict control of athletes’ height.
D. Much daily water intake.
解析：　细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句可知，标准化的装备
确保跳台滑雪比赛的公平进行。
12. What’s the main focus of the text？
A. The techniques used by ski jumpers.
B. Rules of the ski jumping competition.
C. Excellent performances in ski jumping.
D. The scientific principles behind ski jumping.
解析：　主旨大意题。根据全文内容尤其是第三段中的To
understand how ski jumping works， we need to consider three
elements： gravity， lift and drag.可知，本文主要关注的是跳台滑
雪背后的科学原理。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
　　A report by the World Health Organization concludes a majority of
teenagers worldwide aren’t physically active enough.Many children don’t
participate in any extra-curricular （课外的） activities. 　13　 In fact，
participating in high-quality PE classes provides numerous benefits for
students.Now let’s take a look at some of them.
　　 　14　
　　A PE class is the ideal setting for developing healthy habits and
acquiring an understanding of one’s own body.Daily physical education
encourages children to be physically active and develop abilities and skills
which are beneficial for them both physically and emotionally throughout
their lives.
　　
Helping reduce stress and anxiety.
　　 　15　 When kids are allowed to be active and move their bodies at
school， it becomes a natural body and mind energizer that makes the rest
of the day far more enjoyable. Physical activity can help to improve mood
and emotional stability， and prevent anxiety disorders as well.
　　Boosting academic learning.
　　Numerous studies have shown that there is a strong link between
physical activity and academic achievement.PE can improve
concentration， attention， and memory， as well as reduce stress and
fatigue （疲劳）. It can also help to improve mood and energy levels in
kids. 　16　
　　Strengthening relationships with others.
　　In PE lessons， students are frequently asked to work together to
complete certain tasks. This allows them to strengthen relationships with
their classmates. 　17　 PE can also teach students how to better manage
conflict and help develop communication skills. These factors contribute to
the development of strong， healthy relationships with others.
A. Encouraging physical activity for life.
B. Developing a strong sense of teamwork.
C. In some cases， these relationships can last a lifetime.
D. All of these factors can lead to improved grades and test scores.
E. PE can be the perfect means for students to take the pressure off.
F. Students can also learn how to handle winning and losing gracefully.
G. What would happen if teenagers were no longer given access to quality
PE？
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了优质的体育课程能
为学生带来的几点好处。
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了优质的体育课程能
为学生带来的几点好处。
13. G　上文指出：世界卫生组织的一份报告得出结论，全世界大多数
青少年的运动量都不够；很多学生都不参加任何课外活动。下文说明
了高质量的体育课程能给学生带来的几点好处。G项以问句的形式对
上文作出进一步补充说明，并引出下文，符合语境。G项中的quality
PE与设空处后一句中的high-quality PE classes相呼应。
14. A　设空处为小标题，起概括全段主旨的作用。通读本段可知，体
育课是培养健康习惯和了解自己身体的理想环境。日常体育教育鼓励
学生积极参与体育活动，培养让其终身受益的能力和技能。A项很好
地概括了本段主旨，适合作本段小标题。A项中的Encouraging与下文
中的encourages构成原词复现，A项中的for life与下文中的throughout
their lives相呼应。
15. E　设空处位于段首，一般为概括性较强的主旨句。结合本段小标
题和下文可知，设空处的内容应与减少压力和焦虑有关，故E项符
合语境。E项中的take the pressure off与Helping reduce stress and
anxiety.相呼应。
16. D　上文主要说明了运动有助于提高学习成绩，并具体解释了几点
因素，D项符合语境，对上文提及的几点因素作出总结。D项中的
improved grades and test scores与Boosting academic learning.以及上
文中的academic achievement相呼应。
17. C　上文指出体育课能够增进同学们之间的关系，C项符合语
境，紧承上文，作出进一步说明。C项中的relationships与小标题中
的relationships以及本段中两次出现的relationships构成原词复现。
15. E　设空处位于段首，一般为概括性较强的主旨句。结合本段小标
题和下文可知，设空处的内容应与减少压力和焦虑有关，故E项符
合语境。E项中的take the pressure off与
.相呼应。
16. D　上文主要说明了运动有助于提高学习成绩，并具体解释了几点
因素，D项符合语境，对上文提及的几点因素作出总结。D项中的
improved grades and test scores与
.以及上
文中的academic achievement相呼应。
谢谢观看！Section Ⅰ　Welcome to the unit & Reading
维度一：品句填词
根据所给单词的首字母或汉语提示，写出单词的正确形式。
1.We’ll have supper in a Chinese restaurant and return to the hotel a　　　　　　.
2.There has been a recent t　　　　　　 in the food service industry toward a lower fat content and less salt.
3.The track and field game was r　　　　　　 by satellite to audiences all over the world.
4.What the sponsor did wasn’t c　　　　　　 with what he had promised.
5.The ambassador enjoys a very good reputation for his commitment among his f　　　　　　.
6.To my surprise， her dress is almost 　　　　　（完全同样的） to mine.
7.Thoughts and 　　　　　　（格言） can beautify one’s soul，exactly the way flowers can beautify one’s room.
8.After a while， the witnesses 　　　　　　（接着做） to give more information about the accident.
9.The firefighters are making 　　　　　　（共同的） efforts to get the mountain fire under control.
10.People from 　　　　　　（不同的） cultures work together in this company.
维度二：词形转换
用括号内单词的适当形式填空。
1.On 5 January， students in our school visited Robot World， where we saw a great 　　　　　（diverse） of robot.
2.Her poems described living conditions of the poor， 　　　　　　（race） inequality and drug use in the black community.
3.To the citizens in Hangzhou，the best part of it is that it will give them the chance to watch world-class matches and 　　　　　　（compete） close to home.
4.Tom followed his teacher’s advice 　　　　　　（faith） and made great progress.
5.Both of the 　　　　　　（participate） achieved their ambitions， which inspired them to get ahead.
6.There was a great round of 　　　　　　（applaud） when the dance ended.
7.He’s a very 　　　　　　（ambition） boy who always wants to play at the highest level.
8.An 　　　　　　（elect） is a process in which people vote to choose a person or group of people to hold an official position.
维度三：固定搭配和句式
根据汉语及括号内提示完成下列句子。
1.正是这次参观让我意识到帮助别人不应该是空谈。（强调句）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 helping others should by no means be an empty talk.
2.为什么不叫我同你一块吃蛋糕？（call on sb to do sth）
Why didn’t you 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　？
3.再给一次机会，我相信我会把工作做得更好。（动词-ed形式）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， I am sure that I’ll do the job much better.
4.等他回到家时，雨已经停了。（by the time）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， the rain had stopped.
5.彼得总是他们班里第一个到校的男孩。（the＋序数词＋名词＋to do ...）
Peter is always 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　in his class.
维度四：课文语法填空
阅读课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In the year 776 BCE， only Greek men 1.　　　　　　　　 （allow） to take part in the Olympics.The modern Olympics were first held in 1896， in Athens.A Frenchman， Pierre de Coubertin， whose dream was 2.　　　　　　 the Olympics would help people of different 3.　　　　　　 （race） origins and from different cultures live side by side in peace， 4.　　　　　　 （bring） the Olympics back to life.In the history of the Olympics， a lot of athletes deserve 5.　　　　　　　　　　　　 （praise）.Among them the boxer Cassius Clay and the track and field athlete Jessica Ennis-Hill are 6.　　　　　　 （extreme） excellent.Cassius Clay drew people’s attention during the 1960 Rome Olympics， 7.　　　　　　 he won the light heavyweight gold medal.Jessica Ennis-Hill’s story is a remarkable example of how hard work and 8.　　　　　　 （devote） can lead to outstanding performance in sports.The 2008 Beijing Olympics appealed 9.　　　　　　 the whole world with the slogan “One World， One Dream”.The year 2022 was another historic moment for China， 10.　　　　　　 Beijing successfully hosted the 2022 Winter Olympics.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Somewhere in the Southern Pacific Ocean， Kirsten Neusch fer is alone on her boat as she tries to outfight the latest storm that crosses her path. Neusch fer is battling to win what is possibly the most challenging competition the sailing world has to offer — the Golden Globe Race. Since setting off from the coast of France， Neusch fer， the only woman competing， has left all competitors in her wake. Of the 16 entrants who set sail five months ago， only four are still in the race， and for the moment at least， she’s leading.
　　Unlike its more famous cousin， the Vendée Globe solo nonstop race with its purpose-built boats made for speed， Golden Globe entrants sail low-tech boats without modern electronic aids — no laptops or electronic charts， or complicated weather routing （气象定线）.To find their position at sea， participants instead rely on celestial navigation （天文导航） and simple speed calculations.
　　Racers don’t do it for the money. The prize of 5，000 pounds is not even enough to cover entry fees. “The single-handed aspect was the one that drew me，” Neusch fer， who is from South Africa， says of her decision to enter. “I really like the aspect of sailing by celestial navigation，” she says， adding that she’s always wanted to know “what it would have been like back when you didn’t have all the modern technology at your fingertips.”
　　The days on board aren’t always full of drama.A typical day， if there is such a thing， starts just before sunrise， Neusch fer says， “a good time to get the time signal on the radio so that I can synchronize （校准） my watches，” which she needs for accurate celestial navigation.“Then ... I’ll have a cup of coffee and a bowl of cereal.” A walk around the deck （甲板） to see if anything goes wrong and perhaps a bit of reading before another sight at noon to check her position. In a media interview conducted through an old-fashioned satellite （卫星） phone on her boat， she says after the race finishes， “The first thing I’d like to do is eat ice cream.”
1.Which of the following best explains “in her wake” underlined in Paragraph 1？
A.Cheering her on. B.Following her lead.
C.Beside her. D.Behind her.
2.What can be inferred about the Golden Globe Race？
A.It puts emphasis on team spirit.
B.Its winners master traditional sailing skills.
C.It is the most well-known sailing race in the world.
D.Its boats are specially built to achieve higher speeds.
3.What attracted Neusch fer to enter the Golden Globe Race？
A.The challenge of unassisted sailing.
B.The chance of sailing around the globe.
C.The recognition from the sailing community.
D.The honor coming with winning the first prize.
4.What are most of Neusch fer’s days on board like？
A.They are long and tiring.
B.They are relatively peaceful.
C.They are totally unpredictable.
D.They are busy but manageable.
B
　　In 2022， I averaged 9，370 steps a day. I knew. I counted. Or rather my cellphone counted. I carried it everywhere — not so much to catch every call as to catch every step. My daily aim？ Ten thousand steps. Yet the concept of taking 10，000 steps a day to maintain health is rooted not in science but in a marketing trick of a Japanese pedometer （计步器） called Manpo-kei， which means 10，000 steps meter.
　　“It was just sort of an attractive phrase，” says I-Min Lee， an epidemiologist at Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women’s Hospital in Boston.Taking that many steps daily is challenging but doable for many people. “Sure， if you get 10，000 steps， it seems like a good goal. But there was not really any basis to it.”
　　The current physical activity guidelines in the US are still mainly based on time. Experts reviewed hundreds of previous studies on exercise and health.Nearly all were based on self-reports of physical activity， meaning the data were probably not accurate. Because of that room for error， the experts ended up recommending broad exercise ranges and not step counts： 150 to 300 minutes of weekly moderate activity like fast walking or 75 to 150 minutes of vigorous activity like jogging.
　　Now evidence about steps is starting to come in. According to the latest studies， people younger than 60 should walk 8，000 to 10，000 steps a day to get the most benefits. People older than 60 show the most benefits between 6，000 and 8，000 steps.7，000 to 9，000 steps a day is roughly equivalent to （等同于） 150 to 300 minutes of fast walking each week. Walking for 60 minutes at 3.3 miles an hour and running for 30 minutes at 6 miles an hour use the same amount of energy. The older you are， the less efficient you are with your steps.Per step， older people expend （消耗） more energy. As a result， they need fewer steps to achieve the same benefits. In addition， the total number of steps you take does appear to matter more than the speed at which you take them.
5.What is the main purpose of the author carrying his cellphone everywhere？
A.To keep it safe.
B.To count his steps.
C.To avoid missing incoming calls.
D.To compare it with a Japanese pedometer.
6.What is I-Min Lee’s attitude towards the goal of 10，000 steps a day？
A.Confused. B.Confident.
C.Interested. D.Doubtful.
7.What is the disadvantage of previous studies on exercise and health？
A.They failed to conclude practical guidelines.
B.They included limited types of physical activities.
C.They were probably based on inaccurate information.
D.They were specifically targeted for weekly fitness amounts.
8.What can be inferred from the latest studies？
A.Running is better for health than fast walking.
B.One’s walking speed reflects his health condition.
C.The recommended amount of exercise varies with age.
D.Old people need to exercise longer than young people daily.
C
　　In the Beijing Winter Olympics， we were treated to incredible displays of athletic talents as competitors took to the snow and ice. As a popular sport at the Winter Olympics， ski jumping is one of the best examples to showcase the “superhuman” power of athletes.
　　Ski jumpers soar into the air and appear to be almost flying in the sky. How do they achieve this？ Physics can offer us an explanation of how they make it. It involves the use of the laws of aerodynamics （空气动力学） to fight against gravity and increase lift while reducing drag.
　　To understand how ski jumping works， we need to consider three elements： gravity， lift and drag. Gravity is the force that pulls us towards an object. Lift occurs when an object is moving through the air — as its surface comes into contact with air particles （微粒）， the particles are pushed down and away from the object， allowing it to move up. At the same time， this interaction creates drag， and slows down an object’s movement.
　　While there is nothing that the skiers can do about gravity， they can twist their bodies into positions allowing them to achieve greater lift and avoid as much drag as possible. According to the Smithsonian Magazine，“To do this， athletes try their best to make their skis and body nearly parallel to the ground and place their skis in a V-shape just outside the form of the body.This position increases the surface area that produces lift and puts them in the ideal angle that will also maximize lift.”
　　Because of how the sport works， athletes’ equipment is strictly controlled according to weight and height in order to avoid any unfair advantages. This means suits must be tight in order to ensure athletes cannot use them as a way to gain more lift. For athletes， minor day-to-day water weight changes as little as 300 grams.It can mean that suits will not be tight enough according to their body mass indexes （BMI） （体重指数）.
9.What does the underlined word “It” in the second paragraph refer to？
A.Athletic talent. B.Ski jumping.
C.Physical science. D.Superhuman power.
10.What contributes to lift in ski jumping？
A.The interaction between force and drag.
B.The interaction between gravity and balance.
C.The interaction between skiers and air particles.
D.The interaction between air particles and gravity.
11.What is required to ensure fair play in ski jumping？
A.Standardized equipment.
B.Specially made suits.
C.Strict control of athletes’ height.
D.Much daily water intake.
12.What’s the main focus of the text？
A.The techniques used by ski jumpers.
B.Rules of the ski jumping competition.
C.Excellent performances in ski jumping.
D.The scientific principles behind ski jumping.
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
　　A report by the World Health Organization concludes a majority of teenagers worldwide aren’t physically active enough.Many children don’t participate in any extra-curricular （课外的） activities. 　13　 In fact， participating in high-quality PE classes provides numerous benefits for students.Now let’s take a look at some of them.
　　　14　
　　A PE class is the ideal setting for developing healthy habits and acquiring an understanding of one’s own body.Daily physical education encourages children to be physically active and develop abilities and skills which are beneficial for them both physically and emotionally throughout their lives.
　　Helping reduce stress and anxiety.
　　　15　 When kids are allowed to be active and move their bodies at school， it becomes a natural body and mind energizer that makes the rest of the day far more enjoyable. Physical activity can help to improve mood and emotional stability， and prevent anxiety disorders as well.
　　Boosting academic learning.
　　Numerous studies have shown that there is a strong link between physical activity and academic achievement.PE can improve concentration， attention， and memory， as well as reduce stress and fatigue （疲劳）. It can also help to improve mood and energy levels in kids. 　16　
　　Strengthening relationships with others.
　　In PE lessons， students are frequently asked to work together to complete certain tasks. This allows them to strengthen relationships with their classmates. 　17　 PE can also teach students how to better manage conflict and help develop communication skills. These factors contribute to the development of strong， healthy relationships with others.
A.Encouraging physical activity for life.
B.Developing a strong sense of teamwork.
C.In some cases， these relationships can last a lifetime.
D.All of these factors can lead to improved grades and test scores.
E.PE can be the perfect means for students to take the pressure off.
F.Students can also learn how to handle winning and losing gracefully.
G.What would happen if teenagers were no longer given access to quality PE？
13.　　　　　　14.　　　　　　15.　　　　
16.　　　 17.　　　
Section Ⅰ　Welcome to the unit & Reading
基础知识自测
维度一
1.afterwards　2.trend　3.relayed　4.consistent　5.fellows
6.identical　7.mottos　8.proceeded　9.joint　10.diverse
维度二
1.diversity　2.racial　3.competitions　4.faithfully
5.participants　6.applause　7.ambitious　8.election
维度三
1.It was the visit that made me realize that
2.call on me to share the cake with you
3.Given another chance
4.By the time he returned/got home
5.the first boy to come to school
维度四
1.were allowed　2.that　3.racial　4.brought　5.to be praised/praising　6.extremely　7.when　8.devotion　9.to
10.as/because
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了Kirsten Neusch fer参加环球帆船赛事的经历。
1.D　词义猜测题。根据第一段最后一句可知，五个月前，16名参赛者从法国出发，目前她是处于领先地位的。由此可推知，画线部分所在句的意思应为：Neusch fer把所有竞争对手都“甩在后面”。
2.B　推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，参加这项环球帆船赛的选手需要在没有现代电子设备的情况下驾驶复古船型，他们只能依靠天文导航以及简单的速度计算来完成航行竞赛。由此可推知，这项比赛的获胜者熟练掌握了传统的航海技术。
3.A　细节理解题。根据第三段中Neusch fer关于其参赛决定的话语可知，这项赛事吸引她的方面就是需要独立完成竞赛，她很喜欢传统的天文导航方式，想知道在没有现代技术的时代是如何航海的。由此可知，正是这种无辅助航海的模式吸引了她前来参赛。
4.B　推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，Neusch fer在船上的生活并不总是充满戏剧性，多数时候都像日常生活一样，是相对平静的。
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。每天走10000步真的有利于健康吗？
5.B　细节理解题。根据第一段中的Or rather my cellphone counted.I carried it everywhere — not so much to catch every call as to catch every step.可知，作者不管到哪儿都携带手机主要是为了通过手机记录行走的步数。
6.D　观点态度题。根据第二段最后一句可知，I-Min Lee表示，虽然日行10000步看起来是个不错的目标，但实际上是没有任何依据的。由此可推知，I-Min Lee对这个目标持怀疑的态度。
7.C　细节理解题。根据第三段第二、三句可知，专家们发现，以往关于运动和健康的研究几乎都是基于身体活动的自我报告展开的，这些数据很有可能并不准确。
8.C　推理判断题。根据最后一段第二、三句可推知，不同年龄的人，每天适宜的运动量也不同。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了跳台滑雪背后的科学原理。
9.B　代词指代题。第一段最后一句引出话题——跳台滑雪。再根据画线词所在句可知，它涉及使用空气动力学定律来对抗重力，增加升力，同时减少阻力。由此可猜测，It指的是“跳台滑雪”。
10.C　细节理解题。根据第三段第三句可知，滑雪者和空气微粒之间的相互作用产生跳台滑雪的升力。
11.A　细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句可知，标准化的装备确保跳台滑雪比赛的公平进行。
12.D　主旨大意题。根据全文内容尤其是第三段中的To understand how ski jumping works， we need to consider three elements： gravity， lift and drag.可知，本文主要关注的是跳台滑雪背后的科学原理。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了优质的体育课程能为学生带来的几点好处。
13.G　上文指出：世界卫生组织的一份报告得出结论，全世界大多数青少年的运动量都不够；很多学生都不参加任何课外活动。下文说明了高质量的体育课程能给学生带来的几点好处。G项以问句的形式对上文作出进一步补充说明，并引出下文，符合语境。G项中的quality PE与设空处后一句中的high-quality PE classes相呼应。
14.A　设空处为小标题，起概括全段主旨的作用。通读本段可知，体育课是培养健康习惯和了解自己身体的理想环境。日常体育教育鼓励学生积极参与体育活动，培养让其终身受益的能力和技能。A项很好地概括了本段主旨，适合作本段小标题。A项中的Encouraging与下文中的encourages构成原词复现，A项中的for life与下文中的throughout their lives相呼应。
15.E　设空处位于段首，一般为概括性较强的主旨句。结合本段小标题和下文可知，设空处的内容应与减少压力和焦虑有关，故E项符合语境。E项中的take the pressure off与Helping reduce stress and anxiety.相呼应。
16.D　上文主要说明了运动有助于提高学习成绩，并具体解释了几点因素，D项符合语境，对上文提及的几点因素作出总结。D项中的improved grades and test scores与Boosting academic learning.以及上文中的academic achievement相呼应。
17.C　上文指出体育课能够增进同学们之间的关系，C项符合语境，紧承上文，作出进一步说明。C项中的relationships与小标题中的relationships以及本段中两次出现的relationships构成原词复现。
6 / 6Section Ⅰ　Welcome to the unit & Reading
The Olympic Games
　　[1]Every four years， thousands of highly trained and talented athletes① gather together in the spirit of② friendship， solidarity③ and fair play④， ready to test their abilities against each other in the hope of being recognized as the best of the best⑤.This is the Olympics⑥ — an extraordinary sporting event that was first celebrated about 3，000 years ago.
　　[Subheading 1] History of the Olympic Games
The ancient Olympic Games began in the year 776 BCE⑦.During the early Games， only Greek men were allowed to participate⑧.They competed⑨ in such events as boxing， running and the long jump.The ancient Olympic Games were held at Olympia in Greece every four years for almost 12 centuries， until they eventually died out around the year 393.
　　More than 1，500 years later， however， the Games rose⑩ again.The modern Olympics were first held in 1896， in Athens.[2]It was a Frenchman， Pierre de Coubertin， who brought the Olympics back to life .[3] His dream was that the Olympics would help people of different racial origins and from different cultures live side by side in peace.For over a century， people from diverse backgrounds have made joint efforts to help realize Coubertin’s dream.
　　[1]句中形容词短语ready to test their abilities against each other作状语。
　　[2]本句为强调句，强调主语a Frenchman， Pierre de Coubertin。强调句的结构为：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子其他部分。
　　[3]句中that引导表语从句，从句中的介词短语of different racial origins and from different cultures作定语，修饰people； live side by side in peace是宾语补足语。
　　[Subheading 2] Well-known Olympians/Olympic athletes
　　[4]Motivated by the original Olympic motto “Faster， Higher， Stronger”， many well-known athletes， both male and female， have devoted themselves to achieving sporting excellence and pushing the boundaries of human achievement.One such Olympian was the boxer Cassius Clay.[5]He came to public attention during the 1960 Rome Olympics， when he won the light heavyweight gold medal for the USA， demonstrating great talent and personality in the process.Afterwards ， this young man
【读文清障】
①highly trained and talented athletes训练有素、天赋过人的运动员
②in the spirit of本着……的精神
③solidarity n.团结，齐心协力
④fair play 公平比赛
⑤the best of the best精英中的精英
⑥the Olympics/the Olympic Games
奥林匹克运动会
the ancient Olympic Games古代奥林匹克运动会
⑦BCE abbr.公元前
⑧participate vi.参加，参与
⑨compete vi.参加比赛；竞争
compete in 参加比赛
⑩rise vi.复活；再生
bring ...back to life使……重获生机
racial adj.种族的；种族间的
different racial origins 不同的种族起源
side by side肩并肩；密切（合作）；和睦（相处）
live side by side in peace 和平地生活在一起
diverse adj.多种多样的，不同的
joint adj.联合的，共同的
n.关节；接合处
make joint efforts 共同努力
motivate vt.激励，激发；成为……的动机，是……的原因
motto n.（pl.mottoes， mottos）
格言，座右铭
boundary n.边界，分界线
come to public attention引起公众的注意
demonstrate vt.表现，表露；证实，证明；示范，演示 vi.游行示威
demonstration n.表现，表露；演示，示范
afterwards （also afterward） adv.以后，后来
proceeded to become the world heavyweight champion in 1964， and later changed his name to the one we all know—Muhammad Ali.He returned to the 1996 Atlanta Olympic Games to light the Olympic flame at the opening ceremony.[6]By the time he died in 2016， Ali had been recognized as one of the greatest boxers of all time .
　　[4]Motivated by ...为过去分词短语作原因状语，both male and female是athletes的同位语。
　　[5]句中when引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the 1960 Rome Olympics；demonstrating great talent ...为动词-ing短语作伴随状语。
　　[6]句中By the time引导时间状语从句，从句使用一般过去时，主句使用了过去完成时。
　　[7]Another sportsperson that should be applauded is Jessica Ennis-Hill.Her story is a remarkable example of how hard work and devotion can lead to sporting excellence.A former track and field athlete from the UK， she won an Olympic gold medal in her home country in 2012.As if that were not enough， she returned to the Olympics and won a silver medal in 2016， just two years after giving birth to her first child.[8]In an interview she revealed that the secret of her consistent good performance was the training that she never missed.
　　[7]句中that引导定语从句，修饰先行词sportsperson， that在从句中作主语；how引导宾语从句，作介词of的宾语。
　　[8]第一个that引导宾语从句；第二个that引导定语从句，修饰先行词the training。
　　[Subheading 3] China and the Olympics/China’s contribution to the Olympics
　　The 2008 Beijing Olympics called on the whole world to join in the Olympic spirit and build a better future for humanity with the slogan “One World， One Dream”.In addition to hosting the Olympics for the first time， China also ranked first in the medal table.This success is truly remarkable if you consider that just 24 years before， at the 1984 Los Angeles Olympics， Xu Haifeng won our country’s first-ever gold medal.Since then the upward trend for Chinese sport has been unstoppable .[9]At the 2004 Athens Olympic Games， Liu Xiang became the first Asian to win the gold medal in the men’s 110-metre hurdles ， while at the 2016 Rio Olympic Games， the Chinese women’s volleyball team won a hard-fought victory in the final.Another historic moment for China came when Beijing successfully hosted the 2022 Winter Olympics after winning the election in 2015.
The Olympic Games bring joy and excitement to people across the world.[10]As Coubertin believed， “With the Olympic Games， each generation celebrates its advent ， its joy of living， its faith in the future， its ambition and its will to ascend .”
　　[9]句中while用作并列连词，表示对比。前一个分句中，Asian被序数词first修饰，故用动词不定式短语to win the gold medal in the men’s 110-metre hurdles作后置定语。
　　[10]句中As引导非限制性定语从句，As指代后面整个句子的内容。
proceed vi.接着做，继而做；继续从事（或进行）；行进，前往
proceed to do sth接着做某事
flame n.火焰，火舌
light the Olympic flame点燃奥运火炬
of all time有史以来；一直，始终
applaud vt.& vi.称赞，赞许；鼓掌
lead to导致；带来
track and field田径运动
as if＝as though似乎，好像
give birth to分娩；使产生，使诞生
consistent adj.一致的，始终如一的；连续的
call on sb to do sth正式邀请某人做某事；请求某人做某事
humanity n.（统称）人，人类；人性；人道，仁慈
rank vi.& vt.属于某等级，把……分等级；排列，使排成行 n.地位，级别；等级；排，列；军衔
trend n.趋势，趋向
unstoppable adj.不可抗拒的；不可阻挡的
hurdle n.（hurdles）跨栏赛；栏架；障碍
win a hard-fought victory艰苦作战取得了胜利
election n.选举，推选；当选
advent n.（重要事件、人物等的）到来，出现
faith n.信心；宗教信仰
ambition n.追求的目标，夙愿；野心，雄心，壮志
ascend vi.& vt.上升，升高，登高
【参考译文】
奥林匹克运动会
每过四年，成千上万名训练有素、天赋过人的运动员，本着友谊、团结和公平竞争的精神聚集在一起准备互相较量，希望能成为举世公认的顶尖选手。这就是奥运会——一场可以追溯到约 3000 年前的非凡的体育赛事。
[小标题1]　奥运会的历史
古代奥林匹克运动会始于公元前 776 年。早期的奥运会只允许希腊男性参赛。他们的竞赛项目包括拳击、赛跑和跳远。古代奥林匹克运动会每四年在希腊的奥林匹亚举办，持续了近 12 个世纪，直到公元 393 年前后才最终停办。
然而 1500 多年后，奥运会旧火重燃。1896 年，第一届现代奥运会在雅典举办。是一位叫皮埃尔·德·顾拜旦的法国人使奥运会重现生机。他的梦想是借助奥运会让不同种族、不同文化的人和平地生活在一起。一个多世纪以来，来自不同背景的人们共同努力，帮助实现顾拜旦的梦想。
[小标题2]　著名的奥运会运动员
在原先的奥运口号“更快、更高、更强”的激励下，许多著名的男女运动员致力于在体育运动方面追求卓越，突破人类成就的极限。拳击手卡修斯·克莱就是这样一名奥运会选手。他在 1960 年罗马奥运会上引起了公众的关注，当时他为美国赢得了轻重量级拳击金牌，在比赛过程中展现了过人的天赋与优秀的品性。后来，这位年轻人又在 1964 年成了世界重量级拳击冠军，之后将名字改成了我们耳熟能详的穆罕默德·阿里。1996 年，他重返亚特兰大奥林匹克运动会，在开幕式上点燃了奥运火炬。在 2016 年过世前，阿里已被公认为有史以来最伟大的拳击手之一。
　　另一位值得称赞的运动员是杰西卡·恩尼斯-希尔。她的故事为我们出色地示范了如何通过勤奋和专注取得优异的体育成绩。作为一名前英国田径运动员，2012 年，她在自己的祖国赢得了一块奥运金牌。但是她仿佛认为那还不够，2016年，在生下第一个孩子仅仅两年后，她又重返奥运赛场并斩获一块银牌。她在采访中透露，自己维持良好表现的秘诀在于从来不缺席训练。
[小标题3]　中国和奥运会/中国对奥运会的贡献
2008 年北京奥运会以“同一个世界，同一个梦想”为口号，号召全世界共享奥运精神，为人类共建美好未来。中国不仅是第一次举办奥运会，更是在奖牌榜上位列第一。这份成功着实令人瞩目，考虑到仅仅 24 年前，许海峰才在 1984 年洛杉矶奥运会上为我们国家摘得了史上第一块金牌。从那时起，中国体育的上升势头就不可阻挡了。2004 年雅典奥林匹克运动会上，刘翔成为亚洲赢得男子 110米跨栏金牌的第一人，而在 2016 年里约热内卢奥林匹克运动会上，中国女子排球队在决赛中艰苦作战取得了胜利。对于中国来说，又一个历史性时刻是北京在2015年赢得选举后成功举办了2022 年冬季奥运会。
奥林匹克运动会给全世界人民带来了喜悦和激动。正如顾拜旦所信奉的：“有了奥林匹克运动会，每一代人都能庆祝他们的到来、他们生活的喜悦、他们对未来的信念、他们的雄心，以及他们进取的决心。”
第一步：析架构，理文本脉络
Read the passage quickly and fill in the blanks.
第二步：精读文，达明察秋毫
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer.
1.How often are the Olympic Games held？
A.Every two years.　B.Every three years.
C.Every four years. D.Every five years.
2.Which of the statements about the ancient Olympic Games is NOT true？
A.The ancient Olympic Games began in the year 776 BCE.
B.The ancient Olympic Games were held in Greece for almost 12 centuries.
C.Boxing， running and the long jump were included.
D.Only Greek women could participate in the ancient Olympic Games.
3.Where were the modern Olympics first held？
A.In Atlanta. B.In Athens.
C.In Rome. D.In London.
4.What can we learn about Muhammad Ali in Paragraph 4？
A.He showed great talent in the 1960 Rome Olympics.
B.He changed his name after the 1960 Rome Olympics.
C.He lit the Olympic flame of the 1996 Rio Olympic Games.
D.He became the world light heavyweight boxing champion in 1964.
5.For what purpose did Pierre de Coubertin bring the Olympics back to life？
A.To promote a peaceful world by joint efforts.
B.To encourage women to participate in the Olympic Games.
C.To push the boundary of human achievement.
D.To encourage people from different racial origins to participate in sports.
第三步：通词句，学语言表达
1.词汇学习——循规律，记单词
（1）“-ion→-ious”演变记
①ambition→ambitious adj.有雄心的
②religion→religious adj.宗教的
③caution→cautious adj.小心的
（2）由“compete”联想到的相关词汇
①champion/first place 冠军
②runner-up/second place 亚军
③third place 季军
④player/competitor 选手
⑤opponent/rival 对手
2.美句欣赏——赏佳句，品用法
时间衔接过渡词的恰当使用：课文第四段使用了表示时间先后的副词，使文章衔接更加自然、连贯顺畅。请找出、大声朗读并翻译成汉语。
原句：　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
翻译：　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
第四步：析难句，清阅读障碍
1.Motivated by the original Olympic motto “Faster， Higher， Stronger”， many well-known athletes， both male and female， have devoted themselves to achieving sporting excellence and pushing the boundaries of human achievement.
句式分析
尝试翻译
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
2.He came to public attention during the 1960 Rome Olympics， when he won the light heavyweight gold medal for the USA， demonstrating great talent and personality in the process.
句式分析
尝试翻译
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
3.In an interview she revealed that the secret of her consistent good performance was the training that she never missed.
句式分析
尝试翻译
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
4.At the 2004 Athens Olympic Games， Liu Xiang became the first Asian to win the gold medal in the men’s 110-metre hurdles，while at the 2016 Rio Olympic Games， the Chinese women’s volleyball team won a hard-fought victory in the final.
句式分析
尝试翻译
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
第五步：拓视野，育思维品质
1.Do you think the Olympic Games can help people of different racial origins and from different cultures live side by side in peace？ Why or why not？（Critical Thinking 批判性思维）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
2.How do you understand Coubertin’s words at the end of the website article？（Creative Thinking 创造性思维）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Part Ⅰ　核心词汇集释
participate vi.参加，参与
【教材原句】　During the early Games， only Greek men were allowed to participate.
早期的奥运会只允许希腊男性参赛。
【用法】
（1）participate in　　　参加，参与
participate with sb in sth 与某人一起分担某事
（2）participation n. 参加，参与
participant n. 参与者，参加者
【佳句】　Last spring， I was fortunate to be chosen to participate in an exchange study program.
去年春天，我有幸被选上参加一个交流学习的项目。
Encouraged by the teacher， the participants actively participated in the English speech contest. Their participation inspired the rest of the class to study hard.
在老师的鼓励下，参与者积极参加英语演讲比赛。他们的参与激励了班上其他人努力学习。
【用准】　表示“参加”的短语还有take part in、 join in、 compete in等。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①As scheduled， we participated 　　　　　several instructive activities.
②　　　　　　　　 （participate） in several similar activities before，I know well how to handle emergencies.
③It’s required that the 　　　　（participate） should perform English programmes in ten minutes.
④Xie Lei also found many courses included students’ 　　　　　　（participate） in class as part of the final result.
【写美】　完成句子
⑤Learning that you’re very interested in the Chinese language， I’m writing 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
了解到你对中文非常感兴趣，我写信邀请你参加为外国学生举办的中文演讲比赛。
compete vi.参加比赛；竞争
【教材原句】　They competed in such events as boxing， running and the long jump.
他们的竞赛项目包括拳击、赛跑和跳远。
【用法】
（1）compete in 参加……比赛；在……方面竞争
compete for 为……而竞争
compete with/against ...for ... 争取……而与……对抗/竞争
（2）competition n.　　　　比赛
competitor n. 竞争者；对手
competitive adj. 有竞争力的
【佳句】　The competitors selected from every class competed in the competition， which is rather competitive.
从各个班级中选出的参赛者参加了比赛，这是很有竞争力的。
The two girls competed with/against each other for the first prize.
这两个女孩为争夺一等奖而竞争。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①Although Charles Darwin thought that trees are competing 　　　　　　survival of the fittest，Simard shows just how wrong he was.
②Life is like a long race where we often compete 　　　　　　others to go beyond ourselves.
③To arouse students’ passion for nature and art， our school English newspaper will hold a painting creation 　　　　　　（compete） on the theme of “The Beauty of Nature”.
【写美】　完成句子
④Runners from many countries 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　the first gold medal.
来自许多国家的赛跑运动员正在为第一枚金牌而彼此竞争。
motivate vt.激励，激发；成为……的动机，是……的原因
【教材原句】　Motivated by the original Olympic motto “Faster， Higher， Stronger”， many well-known athletes， both male and female， have devoted themselves to achieving sporting excellence and pushing the boundaries of human achievement.在原先的奥运口号“更快、更高、更强”的激励下，许多著名的男女运动员致力于在体育运动方面追求卓越，突破人类成就的极限。
【用法】
（1）motivate sb to do sth 　 激励某人做某事
be motivated by　　被……所激励；出于……
（2）motivated adj. 有动机的；有积极性的
be motivated to do sth　有动力做某事
（3）motivation n.　　　　 动机；积极性；推动
improve/increase sb’s motivation 增强某人的积极性
【佳句】　She said， “Competitions can motivate a student to seek more knowledge.”
她说：“竞争能促使学生去追求更多的知识。”
These methods can help to increase students’ motivation and interests.
这些方法有助于提高学生们的积极性和兴趣。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①You should reassess your goals， and motivate yourself 　　　　　　　　（set） a fresh goal.
②Without 　　　　　　（motivate）， you can neither set a goal nor reach it.
③A highly 　　　　　　（motivate） child can learn almost anything.
【写美】　完成句子
④Some people 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　for success， while others 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　of failure.
一些人被对成功的渴望激励着，而另一些人却被对失败的恐惧驱使着。
proceed vi.接着做，继而做；继续从事（或进行）；行进，前往
【教材原句】　Afterwards， this young man proceeded to become the world heavyweight champion in 1964， and later changed his name to the one we all know — Muhammad Ali.
后来，这位年轻人又在 1964 年成了世界重量级拳击冠军，之后将名字改成了我们耳熟能详的穆罕默德·阿里。
【用法】
proceed with sth 　　　继续做某事（通常指可能中断过的事）
proceed to do sth 继续进行（一系列行动或活动的下一阶段）
proceed to someplace 前往某个地方
proceed from ... 从……出发；由……引起
【佳句】　It’s better to adjust your goals or your timetable than to proceed with a plan that is unrealistic.
调整你的目标或时间表比继续进行一个不切实际的计划要好。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①Taking a cup of tea， he proceeded 　　　　 　　（tell） me his story during his childhood.
②Passengers for Rome should proceed 　　　　　　Gate 32 for boarding.
③Your ideas are very good and let’s proceed 　　　　　　this plan.
【写美】　句式升级
④The bear went on snapping at the fence fiercely using his sharp teeth.
→The bear 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　using his sharp teeth.
consistent adj.一致的，始终如一的；连续的
【教材原句】　In an interview she revealed that the secret of her consistent good performance was the training that she never missed.
她在采访中透露，自己维持良好表现的秘诀在于从来不缺席训练。
【用法】
（1）be consistent with和……一致；与……相符
（2）consist vi. 由……组成；在于；一致
consist of 由……组成
consist in＝lie in 存在于；在于
consist with 与……一致/相符
（3）consistently adv. 一贯地；一致地；坚持地
consistency n. 一致性；连贯性
【佳句】　These results are consistent with the findings of the previous study.
这些结果与以前的研究结果是一致的。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①Keep in mind that our ideal life does not always consist 　　　　　　the reality.
②The true wealth does not consist 　　　　what we have，but in what we are.
【写美】　完成句子
③If what parents say 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　what they do， it will have a bad effect on their children.
如果父母言行不一，这会对他们的孩子有坏影响。
call on sb to do sth 正式邀请某人做某事；请求某人做某事
【教材原句】　The 2008 Beijing Olympics called on the whole world to join in the Olympic spirit and build a better future for humanity with the slogan “One World， One Dream”.
2008 年北京奥运会以“同一个世界，同一个梦想”为口号，号召全世界共享奥运精神，为人类共建美好未来。
【用法】
call on/upon 号召；拜访（某人）
call at 拜访（某地），（短时间）停留
call for 需要；（公开）要求；（去）接（某人）
call off 取消
call up 给……打电话；使……回忆起
call in 召集
call （sb） back （给某人）再打电话/回电话
【佳句】　He called on citizens to protect the environment and travel green.
他号召市民保护环境，绿色出行。
【练透】　介、副词填空
①We had to call 　　　　　　the sports meeting because of the heavy rainstorm.
②I called 　　　　　　his house twice， but he happened to be out each time.
③The job calls 　　　　　　great patience so I don’t think you are qualified for it.
【写美】　完成句子
④We 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　cloth bags and baskets instead of plastic bags.
我们呼吁人们使用布袋子和篮子代替塑料袋。
election n.选举，推选；当选
【教材原句】　Another historic moment for China came when Beijing successfully hosted the 2022 Winter Olympics after winning the election in 2015.
对于中国来说，又一个历史性时刻是北京在2015年赢得选举后成功举办了2022年冬季奥运会。
【用法】
（1）win/lose an election　在选举中获胜/失败
fight an election 参加竞选
vote in an election 参加投票选举
（2）elect v. 选举；选择，决定（做某事）
elect sb to be/as ... 选举、推举某人为……
elect to do sth 选择做某事
【佳句】　If I am lucky enough to win the election，the first thing I will do is to enrich our students’ after-class activities.
如果我有幸当选，我要做的第一件事就是丰富学生们的课外活动。 （应用文写作之演讲稿）
【练透】　单句语法填空
①In America， presidential 　　　　　　（elect） are held every four years.
②The school board is made up of parents who have been elected 　　　　　　　　（make） decisions about school affairs.
③After a heated debate，the professor 　　　　　　　　（elect） chairman of the voluntary organization.
【写美】　完成句子
④Increasing numbers of people elect 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　nowadays.
现在越来越多的人选择在网上购物。
faith n.信心；宗教信仰
【教材原句】　As Coubertin believed， “With the Olympic Games， each generation celebrates its advent， its joy of living， its faith in the future， its ambition and its will to ascend.”
正如顾拜旦所信奉的：“有了奥林匹克运动会，每一代人都能庆祝他们的到来、他们生活的喜悦、他们对未来的信念、他们的雄心，以及他们进取的决心。”
【用法】
（1）have/lose faith in　对……有/失去信心
keep/break faith with 信守/违背对……的承诺
（2）faithful adj. 忠实的；守信的
be faithful to 忠实于；忠诚于
（3）faithfully adv. 忠实地；诚心诚意地
【佳句】　If you have faith in yourselves， nothing can defeat you.
如果你们对自己有信心，就没有什么能把你们打败。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①A devoted friend is faithful 　　　　　　you in times of trouble.
②Her friend’s kindness has restored her faith 　　　　　　human nature.
③Their activities were 　　　　　　（faith） described in the newspaper.
【写美】　完成句子
④To sum up，it is also very important that friends should 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
总之，朋友之间对彼此忠诚也很重要。
ambition n.追求的目标，夙愿；野心，雄心，壮志
【用法】
（1）achieve one’s ambition　实现某人的夙愿/抱负；如愿以偿
an ambition to do sth/of doing sth　　　　　想做某事的夙愿
（2）ambitious adj. 有野心的，有雄心的
be ambitious to do sth 一心想做某事
be ambitious for （power， social position， etc.）极欲获得（权力、社会地位等）
（3）ambitiously adv.雄心勃勃地；劲头十足地
【佳句】　Tom is ambitious.One of his ambitions is to become a great inventor in the future.
汤姆是有雄心的。他所追求的目标之一是将来成为一名伟大的发明家。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①His ambition 　　　　　　　　　（work） as a lawyer is likely to be realized in the near future.
②My brother’s ambition is 　　　　　　　　（become） a pilot after graduation.
③The young man had an 　　　　　　（ambition） plan to build a school in the poor village.
【写美】　完成句子
④Nothing would stop me from 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
没有什么可以阻止我实现我的抱负。
identical adj.完全同样的
【教材原句】　The majority of these sports are identical to those at the Olympics but other sports， such as wushu， have been added too.
这些运动项目中的大多数与奥运会相同，但也加入了其他的运动，如武术。
【用法】
（1）be identical to/with 　　和……完全相同，
与……一致
（2）identically adv. 同一地，相等地
【佳句】　Her dress is almost identical to mine.
她的连衣裙和我的几乎一模一样。
This is the identical room we stayed in last year.
这就是我们去年住的那个房间。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①This house is almost identical 　　　　　　the one where I lived ten years ago.
②Everybody in the meeting 　　　　　　（identical） agreed that the prize should be given to Tom.
【写美】　完成句子
③His voice 　　　　　　　　　　that of his father.
他的声音和他父亲的一样。
Part Ⅱ　重点句型解构
句型公式：强调句
【教材原句】　It was a Frenchman， Pierre de Coubertin， who brought the Olympics back to life.
是一位叫皮埃尔·德·顾拜旦的法国人使奥运会重现生机。
【用法】
强调句的基本结构：
（1）陈述句：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子其他部分。
（2）一般疑问句：Is/Was it＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子其他部分？
（3）特殊疑问句：疑问词＋is/was it＋that＋句子其他部分？
（4）强调not until ...的句式：It is/was not until＋被强调部分＋that＋句子其他部分。
【品悟】　It was Tom who helped the old man.
是汤姆帮助了那位老人。（强调主语）
It was an old magazine that Mary found in the bag.
玛丽在书包里找到的是一本旧杂志。（强调宾语）
It was when I got back to my apartment that I first came across my new neighbours.
是在我回到我的公寓时，我第一次遇到我的新邻居。（强调状语）
【写美】　完成句子
①　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 helped me get over those difficulties.
正是玛丽的鼓励帮我克服了那些困难。
②　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 you met Mr Smith？
你是在那个公园遇到史密斯先生的吗？
③　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 has stopped you from telling me the truth？
是什么使得你不告诉我真相？
④　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 we recognized her.
直到她把眼镜摘了，我们才认出了她。
【点津】　强调句可以对句子中除谓语外的其他某个成分进行强调；若被强调的部分指人，可用that或who，若被强调的部分表示其他时，一般用that。
句型公式：by the time引导时间状语从句
【教材原句】　By the time he died in 2016， Ali had been recognized as one of the greatest boxers of all time.
在 2016 年过世前，阿里已被公认为有史以来最伟大的拳击手之一。
【用法】
by the time用作连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“到……时候为止”。
（1）by the time＋从句（一般过去时），主句时态用过去完成时。
（2）by the time＋从句（一般现在时或现在完成时），主句时态用将来完成时。
（3）如果主句动作不强调已经完成，只是说明某个时候的状况，此时主句不用完成时，而应根据实际选用适当的时态，此时by the time相当于when。
【品悟】　By the time this letter reaches you， I will have left the country.
等你收到这封信的时候，我已经离开这个国家了。
【写美】　完成句子
①By the time we arrived at the station， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
当我们到达车站时，火车已经离开了。
②We 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　here for five years by the time we graduate.
到我们毕业的时候，我们已经在这里待了五年了。
③　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， he had built his own lab.
到他十四岁的时候，他已经建起了自己的实验室。
Section Ⅰ　Welcome to the unit & Reading
【文本透析·剖语篇】
第一步
1.introduction　2.History　3.representatives　4.China
5.significance
第二步
1～5　CDBAA
第三步
2.原句：One such Olympian was the boxer Cassius Clay.He came to public attention during the 1960 Rome Olympics， when he won the light heavyweight gold medal for the USA， demonstrating great talent and personality in the process.Afterwards， this young man proceeded to become the world heavyweight champion in 1964， and later changed his name to the one we all know — Muhammad Ali.He returned to the 1996 Atlanta Olympic Games to light the Olympic flame at the opening ceremony.
翻译：拳击手卡修斯·克莱就是这样一名奥运会选手。他在 1960 年罗马奥运会上引起了公众的关注，当时他为美国赢得了轻重量级拳击金牌，在比赛过程中展现了过人的天赋与优秀的品性。后来，这位年轻人又在 1964 年成了世界重量级拳击冠军，之后将名字改成了我们耳熟能详的穆罕默德·阿里。1996 年，他重返亚特兰大奥林匹克运动会，在开幕式上点燃了奥运火炬。
第四步
1.在原先的奥运口号“更快、更高、更强”的激励下，许多著名的男女运动员致力于在体育运动方面追求卓越，突破人类成就的极限。
2.他在1960年罗马奥运会上引起了公众的关注，当时他为美国赢得了轻重量级拳击金牌，在比赛过程中展现了过人的天赋与优秀的品性。
3.她在采访中透露，自己维持良好表现的秘诀在于从来不缺席训练。
4.2004 年雅典奥林匹克运动会上，刘翔成为亚洲赢得男子 110米跨栏金牌的第一人，而在 2016 年里约热内卢奥林匹克运动会上，中国女子排球队在决赛中艰苦作战取得了胜利。
第五步
1.I believe that the Olympic Games can help people of different racial origins and from different cultures live side by side in peace because sport focuses on a person’s athletic capabilities and not on the colour of their skin or cultural background.The Olympic Games， by celebrating sportsmanship worldwide，draw attention to the hard work that athletes put in and the devotion they have to their specific sport.Sports fans do not care about race or culture either，but instead，are impressed by the athletes’ physical and mental abilities and show their appreciation for every athlete’s effort.
2.I think Coubertin’s words mean that the Olympic Games would have a positive influence on the world well into the future.Coubertin believed that through the “joy of living”and “faith in the future”， the Games would make the future better so that people of all races and cultures could live in harmony.When Coubertin said “its ambition and its will to ascend”， he was referring to how the Games would motivate humans to strive for greater and greater ambitions with each generation， making humanity stronger over time.
【核心知识·巧突破】
Part Ⅰ
1.①in　②Having participated　③participants
④participation　⑤to invite you to participate in the Chinese Speech Contest for foreign students
2.①for　②with/against　③competition　④are competing with/against each other for
3.①to set　②motivation　③motivated　④are motivated by a need； are motivated by a fear
4.①to tell　②to　③with　④proceeded to snap at the fence fiercely
5.①with　②in　③is not consistent with
6.①off　②at　③for　④call on people to use
7.①elections　②to make　③was elected　④to purchase goods on the Internet
8.①to　②in　③faithfully　④be faithful to each other
9.①to work　②to become　③ambitious　④achieving/realizing my ambition
10.①to/with　②identically　③is identical to/with
Part Ⅱ
1.①It was Mary’s encouragement that　②Was it in the park that　③What is it that　④It was not until she took off her glasses that
2.①the train had left　②will have stayed　③By the time he was fourteen
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