资源简介

(共152张PPT)
Section Ⅰ　Welcome to the unit & Reading
1
篇章助解·释疑难
目 录
2
文本透析·剖语篇
4
课时检测·提能力
3
核心知识·巧突破
篇章助解·释疑难
力推课前预习
1
The future is in our genes①
　　Good afternoon， ladies and gentlemen. Thank you all for coming to
this lecture.[1]Over the course of my career， I have seen many
wonderful scientific developments， but none are as game-changing② as
genome③ editing.[2]I am full of excitement about the possibilities this
scientific advance④ can bring and I hope to share my excitement with you
today.
　　[1]本句是由but连接的并列句。前一分句中使用现在完成时，后
一个分句中“none ...as＋原级＋as”结构表示最高级含义。
　　[2]本句是由and连接的并列句。前一分句中this scientific advance
can bring是省略了关系代词that或which的定语从句，修饰先行词
possibilities。
【读文清障】
①gene n.基因
the future is in our genes
未来就在我们的基因之中
②game-changing adj.改变游戏规则的（指彻底改变事态发展的）
③genome n.基因组，染色体组
genome editing 基因组编辑
④scientific advance 科学进步⑤play a critical role in
在……中发挥关键作用
[3]As many of you may already know， genes play a critical role in⑤
shaping⑥ our lives.Everything from the colour of our eyes to our talent for
maths depends on⑦ genes. The complete set of genes inside a cell⑧ or a
living being⑨ is called a genome.[4]Our own personal genome carries all
the information needed to make us grow and develop.It also contains
information that helps determine our lifespan⑩ and affects our chances
of contracting certain diseases. Some people， for example， carry a
gene that makes them more likely to catch a certain virus or develop a
particular form of cancer .
　　[3]As引导非限制性定语从句，意为“正如，正像”， 用来指代
后面整个句子的内容。
　　[4]needed to make us grow and develop为动词-ed短语作后置定
语，修饰名词information，其中grow and develop用作宾语补足语。
⑥shape vt.塑造；决定……的形成，影响……的发展
shape one’s life 塑造某人的生命
⑦depend on依赖，依靠
⑧cell n.细胞
⑨being n.生物；存在；身心
⑩lifespan n.寿命，有效期
affect vt.影响；侵袭，使感染；深深打动
contract vt.感染（疾病）；与……订立合同（或契约） n.合
同，合约
carry a gene 携带一种基因
virus n.病毒；（计算机程序中的）病毒
cancer n.癌症；邪恶，毒瘤
　　[5]Geneticists have been trying to identify which genes relate
to which diseases， as they believe genome editing is an effective means
of disease treatment and prevention .It allows geneticists to make changes
to the genome by correcting， adding， deleting or replacing specific
parts of the genetic material. In the near future， geneticists hope to apply
this technology to treat a wide range of health problems.
Soon we may be able to use such treatments to restore a blind person’s
vision or give someone who was born deaf an excellent sense of
hearing.[6]Ultimately ， this new technology might even make it
possible to prevent diseases from ever developing by correcting abnormal
genes early on.Genome editing， serving as a new weapon in the
fight against diseases， will lead to a fundamental change in our
approach to health care.
　　[5]which引导宾语从句，意为“哪一个”；as引导原因状语
从句。
　　[6]句中it作形式宾语，动词不定式短语to prevent diseases
from ever developing作真正的宾语。
geneticist n.遗传学家
identify vt.找到，发现；确认，认出；显示，说明身份
relate vi.& vt.联系，使有联系；叙述，讲述
relate to 涉及，与……相关
means n.（pl. means） 方法，方式；财富，钱财
prevention n.预防；防止；防范
delete vt.删去，删除
deletion n.删除
a wide range of大范围的，广泛的，包罗万象的
restore vt.恢复；修复；使复原，使复位
vision n.视力
ultimately adv.最终；根本上
abnormal adj.反常的，畸形的
serve as用作；充当；担任
weapon n.武器，手段；兵器
fundamental adj.十分重大的，根本的；基础的，基本的 n.基本规
律，根本法则，基础
　　[7]As the technology continues to develop at a fast pace ，
however， questions arise about how to use it appropriately.Should we
restrict our use of this technology to the treatment and prevention of
diseases？ Should we prohibit geneticists from using it to enhance
healthy bodies？ [8]One day soon we will be able to use genome editing
to increase the human resistance to colds and flu ， to make people
taller， to help their muscles develop faster， to sharpen all of their senses
or to make them more intelligent.[9]We will also be able to select specific
characteristics for children before they are born， creating what some
have called “designer babies”.However， is this a good thing？ What
consequences might it have？ Philosophers， geneticists and government
officials have all started to wrestle with such moral issues.
We have to figure out how to keep the technology from running
wild.[10]This means putting appropriate controls in place to make sure
that genome editing will work to our advantage.Without them， genome
editing could be as dangerous as a car out of control.
　　[7]As引导时间状语从句；how to use为“特殊疑问词＋动词不定
式”结构，在句中作about的宾语。
　　[8]五个并列的动词不定式短语为排比结构，作目的状语。
　　[9]creating what some have called “designer babies”为动词-ing
短语作结果状语；what引导宾语从句。
　　[10]句中动词-ing短语putting appropriate controls in place作means
的宾语；动词不定式短语to make sure that ... advantage作目的状语，
其中that引导宾语从句。
pace n.发生的速度，节奏；步速；快节奏 vi.& vt.来回踱步，走来走
去；确定速度，调整节奏
at a fast pace 快速
arise vi.（arose， arisen）发生，出现；（由……）引起，
（因……）产生
restrict vt.限制，限定；束缚，妨碍；约束，管束
prohibit vt.（尤指以法令）禁止；使不可能
prohibit sb from doing sth
禁止某人做某事
resistance n.抵抗力；抵制，反对；抵抗，反抗
flu n.流行性感冒，流感
characteristic n.特征，特点
adj.典型的，独特的
wrestle vi.& vt.奋力对付，努力处理；摔跤
wrestle with努力处理，全力解决
　　There is still much to be explored and debated on the subject of
genome editing. Despite the public argument over this technology， its
possibilities have been creating much excitement throughout the entire
medical community and beyond.Without doubt ， genome editing is one
of the greatest inventions in the history of science. Thank you for listening.
put sth in place准备就绪
debate vt.& vi.讨论，辩论；仔细考虑，思考 n.讨论，争论；辩论
without doubt毫无疑问，的确
【参考译文】
未来就在我们的基因之中
女士们、先生们，下午好。感谢各位来到本场讲座。在我的职业
生涯中，我见证过许多了不起的科研成果，但没有一项能像基因组编
辑一样具有颠覆性。我对这项科学进展能够带来的可能性兴奋不已，
并且希望在今天与各位分享这份兴奋之情。
在座的很多人可能已经知道，基因对于塑造生命起着决定性作
用。从眼睛的颜色到数学天赋，一切都取决于基因。一个细胞或一个
生物体内的一套完整的基因就称为一个基因组。每个人自己的基因组
都携带着各自生长发育所需的全部信息。它（基因组）还包含了有助
于决定我们寿命长短和影响我们患某些疾病概率的信息。比如，有些
人携带的某个基因会使他们更易感染某种病毒，或是患上某种特定类
型的癌症。
遗传学家一直试图找出哪些基因与哪些疾病有关，因为他们认为
基因组编辑是治疗和预防疾病的一种有效手段。基因组编辑使得遗传
学家可以通过修正、嵌入、移除或替换基因材料的特定部分改变基因
组。在不久的将来，遗传学家期待运用这项技术解决多种健康问题。
也许我们很快就能利用这些疗法来恢复盲人的视力，或者让先天性耳
聋的人拥有敏锐的听力。最终，这项新技术甚至有可能通过及早修正
异常基因来预防疾病。基因组编辑技术作为对抗疾病的一种新武器，
将从根本上改变我们的医疗保健方式。
　　然而，随着这一技术不断迅速发展，出现了如何合理使用它的问
题。我们是否应该将其应用限制在治疗和预防疾病方面？我们是否应
该禁止遗传学家使用它（基因组编辑技术）来使健康的身体更加强
健？不久之后，我们将能利用基因组编辑技术提高人体对感冒和流感
的抵抗力，也能让人长得更高、肌肉生长得更快，让人体的各种感官
更加灵敏或者智商更高。我们也将能够在孩子出生前就为他们选择特
定的特征，制造出有些人所谓的“设计婴儿”。但这是一件好事吗？
会有什么后果？ 哲学家、遗传学家和政府官员都已开始全力解决这样
的道德问题。我们必须想办法防止这项技术失控。这意味着适当的管
制要准备到位，以确保基因组编辑会对我们有利。否则，它可能会像失控的汽车一样危险。
对于基因组编辑这一话题，要探索和讨论的还有很多。虽然公众
对这项技术存在争论，但它蕴含的可能性让整个医学界和外界都感到
非常兴奋。毫无疑问，基因组编辑是科学史上最伟大的发明之一。感
谢各位聆听。
文本透析·剖语篇
助力语篇理解
2
第一步：析架构，理文本脉络
Read the passage quickly and fill in the blanks.
第二步：精读文，达明察秋毫
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer.
1. What information does our personal genome carry？
A. All the information we need.
B. The information that helps us live longer.
C. The information that can affect our emotions.
D. The information related to our lifespan and the possibilities of suffering
from some diseases.
2. How does the author support his idea in Paragraph 2？
A. By giving examples.
B. By explaining statistical data.
C. By stating arguments.
D. By providing research.
3. What do people want genome editing to be used for？
①Restoring the eyesight of the blind.
②Correcting abnormal genes.
③Making weapons.
④Giving a deaf person an excellent sense of hearing.
A. ①②③ B. ②③④
C. ①②④ D. ①③④
4. How might genome editing make it possible to prevent diseases from
developing？
A. By correcting genes ahead of time.
B. By making the abnormal genes right in advance.
C. By adding specific parts of the genetic material.
D. By replacing some parts of the genetic material.
5. What does the phrase “designer babies” probably mean in
Paragraph 4？
A. It refers to babies that have been selected by their picky parents.
B. It refers to babies that have been developed by scientists in the
laboratories.
C. It refers to babies that have been designed by geneticists in the
laboratories.
D. It refers to babies that have developed from embryos （胚胎） with
certain desired characteristics.
6. Which of the following can be used to describe genome editing？
A. Useful but impossible.
B. Exciting but unnecessary.
C. Innovative but unrealistic.
D. Promising but dangerous.
第三步：通词句，学语言表达
1. 词汇学习——循规律，记单词
（1）词根＋-tics/-ics/-logy，构成名词，表示某学科；词根＋-tic/-
cal，构成形容词，表示与某学科有关的；词根＋-ist/-cian，构
成名词，表示研究某学科的人。例如：
①genetics遗传学→genetic基因的；遗传的→geneticist遗
传学家
②politics政治学→political政治的→politician政治家
③physics物理学→physical物理学的→physicist物理学家
④biology生物学→biological生物的→biologist 生物学家
（2）合成形容词（名词＋动词-ing形式）
①game-changing adj.改变游戏规则的
②peace-loving adj.热爱和平的
③English-speaking adj.说英语的
④heart-warming adj.使人幸福愉快的
⑤time-consuming adj.费时的，耗时间的
（3）动词＋-ing变名词
①find发现；找到→finding调查发现，调研结果
②understand明白；了解→understanding了解；领会
③say表明；说明→saying谚语；教诲
④train训练；教育→training训练；锻炼
⑤warn提醒；告诫→warning警告，先兆；警戒
⑥park将……放置在某处；停车→parking停放；停车位
2. 美句欣赏——赏佳句，品用法
排比：排比是把结构相同或相似，意义密切相关，语气一致的词语
或句子成串地排列的一种修辞手法。排比能增强演讲的节奏感和音
韵美，抒发强烈的感情，提高演讲的说服力和欣赏性。请从课文中
找出排比句，背诵并翻译。
原句：



翻译：


One day soon we will be able to use genome editing to
increase the human resistance to colds and flu，to make people taller，
to help their muscles develop faster， to sharpen all of their senses or to
make them more intelligent.　
不久之后，我们将能利用基因组编辑技术提高人体对感冒
和流感的抵抗力，也能让人长得更高、肌肉生长得更快，让人体的
各种感官更加灵敏或者智商更高。　
第四步：析难句，清阅读障碍
1. Geneticists have been trying to identify which genes relate to which
diseases， as they believe genome editing is an effective means of
disease treatment and prevention.
句式分析


　遗传学家一直试图找出哪些基因与哪些疾病有关，因为他们认为
基因组编辑是治疗和预防疾病的一种有效手段。　
尝试翻译　
2. Soon we may be able to use such treatments to restore a blind person’s
vision or give someone who was born deaf an excellent sense of hearing.
句式分析
尝试翻译　


　也许我们很快就能利用这些疗法来恢复盲人的视力，或者让先天
性耳聋的人拥有敏锐的听力。　
3. We will also be able to select specific characteristics for children before
they are born， creating what some have called “designer babies”.
句式分析
尝试翻译　


　我们也将能够在孩子出生前就为他们选择特定的特征，制造出有
些人所谓的“设计婴儿”。　
第五步：拓视野，育思维品质
1. The lecturer mentions that one day we will be able to create “designer
babies”.What do you think of “designer babies”？ （Critical
Thinking 批判性思维）










　I do not think we should design babies unless it is because of serious
physical or mental health concerns.There is no need to design a baby if
its parents are perfectly healthy.Natural gene selection ensures diversity
among our species， so if “designer babies” become the norm， the
diversity level will drop.Over time， this could lead to the majority of
people being born with similar intelligence levels， similar physical
features and perhaps， even similar personalities.Humans could evolve
into “superbeings”， which some people may believe to be good for
us， but interfering with our natural evolution could result in disaster.I
do not think we should take the chance.　
2. What controls can we put in place to make sure that genome editing will
work to our advantage？ （Creative Thinking 创造性思维）











　Governments around the world should work together to make laws
and regulations about when genome editing can and cannot be
used.Firstly， these laws and regulations should cover various aspects of
genome editing， such as ethical issues and security， and they may
have to be introduced at multiple levels—global， national and even
regional.Secondly， genome editing equipment needs to be strictly
controlled so that it does not get into the wrong hands.Finally，
governments， scientists， stakeholders and the public need to work
together to enforce appropriate usage of genome editing.The application
of these laws and regulations regarding genome editing will be
successful only if all parties concerned cooperate.　
核心知识·巧突破
探究课堂重点
3
Part Ⅰ　核心词汇集释
affect vt.影响；侵袭，使感染；深深打动
【教材原句】　It also contains information that helps determine our
lifespan and affects our chances of contracting certain diseases.它（基因
组）还包含了有助于决定我们寿命长短和影响我们患某些疾病概率的
信息。
【用法】
（1）be affected by　受……的影响；被……感动
be affected with　　　　感染……疾病
（2）affection n.　　喜爱
feel much affection for　　深爱
（3）effect n.　　作用；影响
have an effect/influence on 对……产生影响
【佳句】　With the government’s aid， those affected by the earthquake
have moved to the new settlements.
在政府的帮助下，受地震影响的那些人已经搬到了新的定居点。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those whose
lives （affect）.
②Recently，these actions （affect） the ecological
balance.
③From then on， we began a relationship that gradually transformed into
a great friendship and deep （affect）.
were affected　
have affected　
affection　
【写美】　翻译句子
④我深爱我的妈妈，她的言行对我有积极的影响。


　I feel much affection for my mum， whose words and actions have a
positive effect on me.　
identify vt.找到，发现；确认，认出；显示，说明身份
【教材原句】　Geneticists have been trying to identify which genes
relate to which diseases， as they believe genome editing is an effective
means of disease treatment and prevention.
遗传学家一直试图找出哪些基因与哪些疾病有关，因为他们认为基因
组编辑是治疗和预防疾病的一种有效手段。
【用法】
（1）identify sth/sb as ...　　　　认定某事物/某人是……
identify oneself　　证明自己的身份
identify with sb　　与某人产生共鸣；谅解；同情
identify a link between ...and ...　　发现……与……之间的关联
（2）identification n.　　鉴定，识别；认同；身份证明
identity n.　　身份；特征；同一性
identification card＝identity card 身份证
【佳句】　Having identified the problem， the question arises about
how to overcome it.
发现了问题之后，就产生了如何克服这个问题。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①The police asked him to show his card
to whether he was the attacker.（identify）
②The ship （identify） yesterday， and its name and
position were reported to the Coast Guard.
③They constructed what we now identify the royal palace， the
palace of the king.
【写美】　完成句子
④Scientists .
科学家们已经发现了饮食与癌症之间的关联。
identity/identification　
identify　
was identified　
as　
have identified a link between diet and cancer　
relate vi.& vt.联系，使有联系；叙述，讲述
【用法】
（1）relate to　涉及，与……相关；理解，了解
relate ...to ...　　把……和……联系起来
relate sth to sb　　给某人讲述某事
（2）related adj.　　有联系的；相关的
（3）relation n.　　关系；联系；亲戚
in relation to　　关于；涉及；与……相比较
（4）relative n.　　亲属，亲戚
adj.　　相对的，相关的
【佳句】　The play is related to a love story which took place a long
time ago.
这个剧本和一个久远的爱情故事有关。
【联想】　表示“与……有关”的短语还有be connected with、 be
relevant to、 have something to do with、 be involved in、 be associated
with等。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①Many parents find it hard to relate their children when they are
teenagers.
②People’s understanding of the rule of law is （relate） to
their educational level.
③We are committed to improving （relate） with all
countries in the world.
④Considering the failure of the previous plan，this turned out to be
a （relate） success.
to　
related　
relations　
relative　
【写美】　完成句子
⑤Many excellent exhibitions in Wang Xizhi Park
.
王羲之公园的许多优秀展览都与中国传统文化有关。
are related to
traditional Chinese culture　
means n.（pl.means） 方法，方式；财富，钱财
【用法】
a means of （doing） sth 一种（做）某事的方式
by means of　依靠……办法；借助……手段
by this means　　用这种方法
by all means　　尽一切方法；务必；当然行
by no means　　决不；一点也不（置于句首时，句子用部分倒装结
构）
【佳句】　You’d better practice using chopsticks in advance， which is
also a means of showing your good table manners.
你最好提前练习使用筷子，这也是显示你良好的餐桌礼仪的一种
方式。
【用准】　（1）means单复数同形，此类名词还有deer（鹿）、 sheep
（绵羊）、 species （物种）等。
（2）means作主语，被every、 each等修饰时，谓语动词用单数形式；
被all、 several、 many等修饰时，谓语动词用复数形式。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①Watching films is regarded as good means of entertainment.
②He got into the house means of an open window.
③Every possible means （try）， but none has
worked.
④We can make great progress in our English study by this
（mean）.
a　
by　
has been tried　
means　
【写美】　句式升级/完成句子
⑤The problem is by no means as simple as we first thought.
→ as simple as we first thought.（by no
means置于句首）
⑥ we are able to communicate with
each other instantly.
通过现代技术，我们可以相互即时通信。
By no means is the problem　
By means of modern technology　
restore vt.恢复；修复；使复原，使复位；归还（失物、赃款等）
【教材原句】　Soon we may be able to use such treatments to restore a
blind person’s vision or give someone who was born deaf an excellent
sense of hearing.
也许我们很快就能利用这些疗法来恢复盲人的视力，或者让先天性耳
聋的人拥有敏锐的听力。
【用法】
（1）restore confidence/faith　恢复信心
restore sb/sth to ...
　使某人/某物恢复到某状态
restore sth to sb　　把某物归还给某人
（2）restoration n.　　恢复；复位；修复；归还
【佳句】　It was built originally to protect the city in the Tang Dynasty
and has now been completely restored.
它最初是为了保护唐代的城市而建造的，现在已经完全修复了。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①The army has recently been brought in （restore） order.
②His visit is expected to lead to the （restore） of
diplomatic relations.
③The following day their horses and goods were restored them.
【写美】　完成句子
④We hope to its former glory.
我们想把这个花园变得和过去一样美丽。
to restore　
restoration　
to　
restore the garden to　
pace n.发生的速度，节奏；步速；快节奏 vi.& vt.来回踱步，走来走
去；确定速度，调整节奏
【教材原句】　As the technology continues to develop at a fast pace，
however， questions arise about how to use it appropriately.然而，随着
这一技术不断迅速发展，出现了如何合理使用它的问题。
【用法】
（1）keep pace with　（与……）并驾齐驱；（与……）步调一致；
跟上……
pick up the pace　　加快节奏（或步伐）
set the pace　　确定速度；确立标准
at a fast pace　　快速
at a pace of ...　　以……的速度
pace of life　　生活节奏
（2）pace back and forth＝pace up and down　　来回踱步，走来走去
【佳句】　We encourage all students to study at their own pace.
我们鼓励所有的学生都按自己的节奏学习。
She paced up and down outside the operating room.
她在手术室外来回走着。
【练透】 写出加蓝单词的词性和词义/单句语法填空
①The people waiting for the train paced up and down.

②When caught in a rain without an umbrella， most people pick up their
pace.　
③It’s important for a company to keep pace changes in the
market.
④Trade relations between the two countries have developed a fast
pace.
v.来回踱步，走来走去　
n.步伐　
with　
at　
【写美】　完成句子
⑤Compared with the urban life， I prefer the relaxing in
the country.
和都市生活相比，我喜爱乡间那悠闲的生活节奏。
pace of life　
arise vi.发生，出现；（由……）引起，（因……）产生；起床；起
身
原形及含义 过去式 动词-ed形
式 动词-ing形
式
arise vi.发生，出现；引起 arise from/out of 由……引起，
因……产生 arose arisen arising
【用法】
原形及含义 过去式 动词-ed形
式 动词-ing形
式
arouse vt.唤醒；激起 aroused aroused arousing
rise vi.升起；起身；增长；上
升 rose risen rising
raise vt.举起；抚养；饲养；筹
集 raised raised raising
【佳句】　You can’t be too careful while driving.Accidents often arise
from carelessness.
开车时你越小心越好。事故往往是由疏忽大意造成的。
【练透】　选词填空（arise/arouse/rise/raise）
①The old couple usually at sunrise to get an early start to
the park.
②Many people participated in the campaign which aims to
awareness of the dangers of passive smoking.
③It is common knowledge that the sun in the east and sets in the
west.
④The teacher told the students a story to their interest of the
subject.
arise/rise　
raise　
rises　
arouse　
【写美】　完成句子
⑤As is known to all， mental problems can
.
众所周知，精神问题可能是由生理原因引起的。
arise from/out of a physical
cause　
restrict vt.限制，限定；束缚，妨碍；约束，管束
【教材原句】　Should we restrict our use of this technology to the
treatment and prevention of diseases？
我们是否应该将其应用限制在治疗和预防疾病方面？
【用法】
（1）restrict sth to　　　 限制……到（程度）
sth be restricted to sb　　某事仅限于某人
restrict oneself/sb to sth/doing sth　　限制自己/某人做某事
（2）restricted adj.　　受限制的；有限的
restriction n.　　限制；约束；束缚
restrictive adj.　　限制性的；约束的
【佳句】　The speed in town is restricted to 30 km/h.
城区车速限制为每小时30公里。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①I restrict myself one cup of coffee a day.
②The use of this kind of drug is （restrict） in many
countries.
③Since the costs of science were rising faster than inflation，
some （restrict） on funding were necessary.
【写美】　完成句子
④Access to the club members only.
该俱乐部仅对会员开放。
to　
restricted　
restrictions　
is restricted to　
prohibit vt.（尤指以法令）禁止；使不可能
【教材原句】　Should we prohibit geneticists from using it to enhance
healthy bodies？
我们是否应该禁止遗传学家使用它（基因组编辑技术）来使健康的身
体更加强健？
【用法】
（1）prohibit doing sth 　禁止做某事；阻止做某事
（2）prohibit sb from doing sth
＝ban sb from doing sth
＝forbid sb from doing sth
＝forbid sb to do sth　　禁止某人做某事
（3）prohibition n.　（尤指通过法律的）禁止，阻止；禁令，禁律
【佳句】　Never do what is prohibited by law.
永远不要做法律禁止的事情。
【联想】　“禁止某人做某事”表达还有：
①stop sb （from） doing sth
②prevent sb （from） doing sth
③keep sb from doing sth
【练透】　单句语法填空
①The law prohibits （sell） alcohol to people under 18.
②Boats are prohibited entering this area in order to keep the
dolphins safe.
③The （prohibit） against drunken driving will save
many lives.
selling　
from　
prohibition　
【写美】　完成句子
④Private cars ， so the
transportation is all electric buses.
旅游景点禁止私家车驶入，所以交通工具都是电动公共汽车。
are prohibited in the tourist spots　
resistance n.抵抗力；抵制，反对；抵抗，反抗
【教材原句】　One day soon we will be able to use genome editing to
increase the human resistance to colds and flu， to make people taller， to
help their muscles develop faster， to sharpen all of their senses or to make
them more intelligent.不久之后，我们将能利用基因组编辑技术提高人
体对感冒和流感的抵抗力，也能让人长得更高、肌肉生长得更快，让
人体的各种感官更加灵敏或者智商更高。
【用法】
（1）resist vt. 抵制，反对；反抗，抵抗；忍住；使不受……的伤害
resist （doing） sth　反对（做）某事
can’t resist （doing） sth＝can’t help （doing） sth　　无法抗拒/忍不
住（做）某事
（2）resistant adj.　　对……有抵抗力的，抵制的，反抗的，抗拒的
be resistant to　　对……有抵抗力
【佳句】　The finding should lead to new strategies to fight drug
resistance.
这一发现应该会带来对抗耐药性的新策略。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①We should take exercise to build up （resistant） to
disease.
②Ultimately，they find these kinds of things extremely boring， and they
will resist （do） them.
③My country is strongly resistant any foreign interference.
resistance　
doing　
to　
【写美】　翻译句子
④尽管资金不足，但他还是忍不住买了这些书。


　Although he was short of money，he couldn’t resist/help purchasing
these books.　
wrestle vi.& vt.奋力对付，努力处理；摔跤
【教材原句】　Philosophers， geneticists and government officials have
all started to wrestle with such moral issues.哲学家、遗传学家和政府官
员都已开始全力解决这样的道德问题。
【用法】
（1）wrestle with　　 努力处理，全力解决
wrestle with sb　　与某人摔跤/扭打
wrestle to do sth　　努力做某事，想方设法做某事
wrestle ...to the ground　把……摔倒在地
（2）wrestling n.　　摔跤运动
wrestler n.　　摔跤运动员
【佳句】　Tom persuaded him to wrestle with the famous wrestler.
汤姆说服他和那个著名的摔跤运动员去摔跤。
They are good exercises for those who like to wrestle with challenging
questions.
对于爱处理挑战性问题的人来说，它们是很好的练习。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①The police wrestled the thief the ground and arrested him.
②All the volunteers in the charity have been wrestling
（raise） money for the sick boy.
③We have had to wrestle the big challenges and have come to
some ideas of where the answers lie.
to　
to raise　
with　
【写美】　完成句子
④She had spent the whole weekend .
她整个周末都在绞尽脑汁处理这个问题。
wrestling with the problem　
Part Ⅱ　重点句型解构
句型公式：as引导状语从句
【教材原句】　Geneticists have been trying to identify which genes
relate to which diseases， as they believe genome editing is an effective
means of disease treatment and prevention.
遗传学家一直试图找出哪些基因与哪些疾病有关，因为他们认为基因
组编辑是治疗和预防疾病的一种有效手段。
【用法】
（1）as在本句中引导原因状语从句，意为“因为”。
（2）as引导时间状语从句时，意为“随着；一边……一边……”。
（3）as引导方式状语从句时，意为“正如，按照”，常用于
“（just） as ...so ...”和“as＋动词-ed形式”的省略结构中。
（4）as引导比较状语从句时，意为“像……一样”，常用于
as ...as ...句型。
（5）as引导让步状语从句时，意为“尽管，虽然”，注意从句应用
部分倒装句式。
【品悟】　When in Rome， do as the Romans do.
入乡随俗。
【写美】　完成句子
①She stayed in bed .
她依照医生的吩咐卧床休息。
② ， I came across an old friend.
当我在公交车站等车的时候，我偶遇了一位老朋友。
③ ， I have to look it up in
the dictionary.
因为我不知道这个单词的意思，只好查词典了。
as the doctor had ordered　
As I waited at a bus stop　
As I don’t know the meaning of the word　
④He speaks English as well .
他英语说得和你一样好。
⑤ ， he knows a lot about astronomy.
虽然他很年轻，但他知道很多天文学知识。
as you do　
Young as he is　
句型公式：“特殊疑问词＋动词不定式”结构
【教材原句】　As the technology continues to develop at a fast pace，
however， questions arise about how to use it appropriately.然而，随着
这一技术不断迅速发展，出现了如何合理使用它的问题。
【用法】
（1）疑问代词who、 what、 which等和疑问副词when、 where、
how等后面跟动词不定式，构成“特殊疑问词＋动词不定式”结构，
在句中可以作主语、宾语和表语等。
（2）“特殊疑问词＋动词不定式”结构在句中作主语时，谓语动词
要用单数形式。
（3）“特殊疑问词＋动词不定式”结构可转换为从句。
【品悟】　As I’m not sure where to start with my project， I would
appreciate it if you could offer me your suggestions.
由于我不清楚该从哪里着手开始我的计划，如果你能给我提出建议，
我将不胜感激。
【写美】　完成句子
①He stood still， not knowing next.
他静静地站在那儿，不知道下一步做什么。
② hasn’t been decided so far.
在什么时间、什么地点举行会议到现在还没有确定下来。
what to do　
When and where to hold the meeting　
③Could you tell me ？
你能告诉我如何让她开心吗？
④What concerns me most .
我最关心的是应该依靠谁。
how to make her happy　
is whom to depend on　
课时检测·提能力
培育学科素养
4
维度一：品句填词　
根据所给单词的首字母或汉语提示，写出单词的正确形式。
1. Hao said that about 25 per cent of depression cases are first diagnosed by
p .
2. Cigarette smoking is responsible for about 90％ of deaths from lung
c .
3. This software is designed to scan all new files for v .
4. It is announced that the average l of people is over 77.
hysicians　
ancer　
iruses　
ifespan　
5. You cannot legally take possession of the property until the c is
signed.
6. The girl （删除） some important information by mistake
the other day.
7. In this box are some stem （细胞） that are urgently needed
by a patient.
8. It is universally acknowledged that it is illegal to （限制）
people’s freedom.
ontract　
deleted　
cells　
restrict　
9. A special baggage check or tag is attached to the baggage to
（认出） it.
10. There is a （根本的） difference between the two
points of view.
identify　
fundamental　
维度二：词形转换
用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
1. The （restore） took almost 4，000 man-hours over
four years.
2. Information must be stored so that it is secure from
accidental （delete）.
3. She tried to ensure her （affect） was equally shared
among all three children.
4. He knew nothing of the reason for the （prohibit）.
restoration　
deletion　
affection　
prohibition　
5. The （find） are the fruit of more than three years’
research.
6. Several difficulties （arise） when we began to work on the
new design.
7. The train was delayed due to （normal） weather
conditions.
8. In old days women led fairly （restrict） lives in that
kingdom.
findings　
arose　
abnormal　
restricted　
9. The no-smoking policy was introduced with little
（resist） from staff.
10. You don’t have to get college education but the experience
（relate） to the job is necessary.
resistance　
related　
维度三：固定搭配和句式
根据汉语及括号内提示完成下列句子。
1. 我以前到哪儿都跟着我妈妈，因为我是最小的孩子。（as）
I used to go everywhere with my mother
.
2. 寒冷的天气使我们很难种植足够的蔬菜和水果。（make＋宾语＋宾
语补足语）
The cold weather enough
vegetables and fruit.
as I was the youngest
child　
makes it difficult for us to grow　
3. 今天我们学习了怎样使用这个新软件。（“特殊疑问词＋动词不定
式”结构）
Today we learnt .
4. 尽管这个男孩很聪明，但他解决这个问题仍有困难。（it用作形式
宾语）
Clever as the boy was， he the problem.
5. 她帮我解决了这个我好几个星期都在努力解决的问题。（wrestle
with）
She helped me solve the problem for
weeks.
how to use the new software　
found it difficult to solve　
I had been wrestling with　
维度四：课文语法填空
阅读课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确
形式。
1. we all know， genes control everything in our bodies.Our
genome contains not only all of the information 2. （need）
to make us grow and develop， but also information that determines our
lifespan and affects our chances of 3. （contract）
certain diseases.
As　
needed　
contracting　
Genome editing is believed to be 4. effective means of
treating and preventing diseases， so geneticists 5.
（attempt） to identify which genes relate to which
diseases for years.However， questions arise about how to use it
6. （appropriate）.It also raises moral questions about
7. （it）unknown risks.Fortunately， philosophers， geneticists
and government officials have taken measures 8.
（wrestle） with such moral issues.They believe that genome editing
will work to our advantage by putting appropriate controls 9. place.There is no doubt 10. genome editing is one of the
greatest inventions in the history of science.
an　
have been
attempting　
appropriately　
its　
to wrestle　
in　
that　
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
　　Powerful brain scanners （扫描仪） could offer hope for the
treatment of previously-untreatable symptoms （症状） in Parkinson’s
disease， a new study suggests.Both Parkinson’s disease and a related
disorder， progressive supranuclear palsy （PSP）， are progressive
brain diseases that not only affect movement but also damage cognition，
including attention， language and memory.Cognitive （认识的）
symptoms can have a major impact on a patient， affecting survival and
general well-being， as well as bringing stress and costs to families.
　　To understand the causes of the cognitive symptoms， researchers at
the University of Cambridge used a new ultra-high strength 7T MRI
scanner.They measured changes in the brains of people with Parkinson’s
disease， PSP， and those who were in good health.Patients with
Parkinson’s and PSP often receive dopamine （多巴胺） treatment.But
this approach does little for many symptoms unrelated to movement， so
scientists have started to look at noradrenaline （去甲肾上腺素）， a
chemical that plays a critical role in brain functions.
　　Professor James Rowe， who led the study， said： “All of our
brain’s supply comes from a tiny region at the back of the brain called the
locus coeruleus， which means ‘the blue spot’.” While most scanners
can show structures at the level of detail of a grain （颗粒） of rice， 7T
scanners can go down to a grain of sand.This allowed the team to examine
the locus coeruleus of patients and confirm that the greater the level of
damage to this region， the worse they performed in cognitive tests.
　　Researchers suggest the finding offers hope for new treatments for
cognitive symptoms.Professor Rowe and his team are now leading a
clinical trial to see if noradrenaline-boosting drugs relieve symptoms of
PSP. Dr Rong Ye， the study’s joint first author， said：“Not every PSP
or Parkinson’s patient is going to benefit from these drugs.They’re more
likely to benefit those people with damage to their locus coeruleus.The 7T
scanner may help us identify those patients who we think will benefit the
most.In the long term， this will prove more cost-effective than giving
noradrenaline boosters to patients who ultimately would see no benefit.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。超级强大的大脑扫描仪将为治疗脑
部疾病带来希望。
本文是一篇说明文。超级强大的大脑扫描仪将为治疗脑
部疾病带来希望。
1. Why do scientists begin to study noradrenaline？
A. To compare it with dopamine.
B. To learn more about its functions.
C. To study its physico-chemical properties.
D. To find a new treatment for brain diseases.
解析：　推理判断题。根据第二段中的Patients with Parkinson’s
and PSP ...in brain functions.可知，患有帕金森病和进行性核上性麻
痹综合征的人通常接受的是多巴胺疗法，但对于非运动症状来说，
这种疗法收效甚微，所以科学家们开始研究对脑功能起重要作用的
去甲肾上腺素，希望能找到一种对非运动症状更有效的新疗法。
2. What does the underlined part “the finding” in the last paragraph refer
to？
A. All of our brains’ sources of supply are the same.
B. Patients with brain diseases perform poorly in tests.
C. 7T scanners are more precise than the previous ones.
D. Damage to the blue spot is related to low cognitive ability.
解析：　词义猜测题。根据第三段最后一句可知，科研团队使用
7T扫描仪检查了多位病人的大脑蓝斑区域，证实了病人的蓝斑区域
受损越严重，病人在认知测试中的表现越糟糕。也就是说，蓝斑区
域受损，人的认知能力就低。
3. What can be learned about the noradrenaline-boosting drugs according to
Dr Rong Ye？
A. They need further improvement.
B. They may work for some patients.
C. They are already a real hit on the market.
D. They are expensive considering their effectiveness.
解析：　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的Not every PSP ...with
damage to their locus coeruleus.可知，这种药也不是对每一个进行性
核上性麻痹综合征或帕金森病患者都有效，它可能对蓝斑区域受损
的病人更有效。
4. What is the purpose of the text？
A. To recommend a new drug.
B. To introduce a medical scanner.
C. To explain some medical phenomena.
D. To discuss the causes of some brain diseases.
解析：B　写作意图题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了一款超级
强大的大脑扫描仪，根据最新研究结果，这款医学扫描仪为治疗脑
部疾病带来了希望。
B
　　Dr Paul Farmer was one of the most extraordinary people I have ever
known.As co-founder of the global health organization Partners in
Health， Paul spent more than 30 years changing the way health care is
delivered in the poorest places on Earth.
　　Along the way， his fine mind， big heart， and continuous drive to
do good inspired countless others to follow his example.
　　While still a student at Harvard Medical School in the 1980s，Paul
and his colleagues opened a one-room clinic in remote Cange， Haiti，
where they not only cared for locals， but trained a team of health workers
to serve the surrounding areas. He lived there in a simple home with
concrete floors， and no hot water， not so different from the adapted bus
he grew up in with his parents in Florida.
　　Within a few years， the clinic’s work gained worldwide notice for
bringing tuberculosis （结核病） under control in the area. Today，
Partners in Health operates 16 health institutions in Haiti， and employs a
local staff of nearly 7，000. They also operate in 11 other countries，
including Rwanda， where they partnered with the government to rebuild
the nation’s health system. Millions of people are served every year， most
of whom live on less than a few dollars a day.
　　I’m honored to have worked closely with Paul. For 20 years， I
watched him make a difference in the poorest places， even in the face of
dysfunctional （功能失调的） politics and violence.
　　Paul devoted his whole life to the cause of health care， and his voice
still rings in our ears today. All our lives are passing， but the purpose of
living lasts： to lift others and enable them to live and work just as he
did — with love， gratitude， and joy.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了全球卫生组织“健
康伙伴”的联合创始人保罗·法默终身致力于医疗卫生事业的故事。
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了全球卫生组织“健
康伙伴”的联合创始人保罗·法默终身致力于医疗卫生事业的故事。
5. Which of the following can best describe Paul？
A. Careful and graceful.
B. Kind and influential.
C. Stubborn and sympathetic.
D. Aggressive and adventurous.
解析：　推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，保罗的友善、大爱
和坚韧影响着无数人。因此，保罗是一个善良又极具影响力的人。
6. What can we know about the clinic？
A. It catches immediate worldwide attention.
B. It is located in Paul’s hometown.
C. It is co-founded by Paul and the locals.
D. It treats patients and trains health workers.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知，诊所不仅治疗当
地的病人，还培训了一批医疗工作者。
7. Why does the author mention the figures in Paragraph 4？
A. To advocate cross-border cooperation.
B. To indicate the difficulties Paul faces.
C. To raise public concern about global health.
D. To highlight Paul’s contributions to global health.
解析：　推理判断题。根据第四段内容可知，该段通过列数字讲
述了保罗参与创建的“健康伙伴”的发展现状及其对全球医疗事业
的贡献。
8. What does Paul’s story teach us？
A. Well begun is half done.
B. To live in the moment counts.
C. Life is limited， yet kindness lasts.
D. Health matters more than wealth.
解析：　推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，文章主要通
过保罗为全球卫生事业作出贡献的故事教会我们：生命有限，但善
意却是永恒的。
C
　　Three scientists who played central roles in the discovery of the
hepatitis C virus （丙型肝炎病毒） have been awarded the Nobel Prize in
Physiology or Medicine 2020.This prize is shared by Michael Houghton，
from the United Kingdom， and the United States scientists Harvey J.
Alter and Charles M. Rice， who all made notable contributions toward
the discovery of the blood-born virus that causes chronic （慢性的） liver
problems.
　　Alter demonstrated in the 1970s that some people who received blood
transfusions （输血） would develop cases of hepatitis that were not
caused by the hepatitis A or B viruses， suggesting that another infectious
agent was to blame. In the 1980s， Houghton managed to isolate（分离）
the genetic sequence of the virus， while Rice proved that the pathogen
（病原体） could replicate and cause infection. The World Health
Organization estimates that around 71 million people worldwide live with
hepatitis C， which can cause major liver complications （并发症）
and， in some cases， death.
　　The Nobel Assembly said the three researchers had contributed to a
“landmark achievement in the ongoing battle against viral
diseases”.“The discovery of hepatitis C virus revealed the cause of the
remaining cases of chronic hepatitis and made blood tests and new
medicines that have saved millions of lives possible，” the Assembly said
in a statement.“Thanks to their discovery， highly sensitive blood tests
for the virus are now available and these have essentially removed post-
transfusion hepatitis in many parts of the world， greatly improving global
health.”The Assembly said that the discoveries performed by the newly-
born Nobel Laureates also allowed for the rapid development of antiviral
drugs directed at hepatitis C.
“For the first time in history， the disease can now be cured， raising
hopes of eradicating hepatitis C virus from the world population，” the
statement said.
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。2020年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖的
获奖者是三位在发现丙型肝炎病毒的过程中作出重大贡献的科学
家。
本文是一篇新闻报道。2020年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖的
获奖者是三位在发现丙型肝炎病毒的过程中作出重大贡献的科学
家。
9. What can we know about the three scientists from Paragraph 1？
A. They discovered the hepatitis A or B viruses.
B. They are all scientists from the United States.
C. They knew nothing about the blood-born virus before.
D. They shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，这三位在发现丙型
肝炎病毒中发挥核心作用的科学家被授予2020年诺贝尔生理学或医
学奖，即三人共享了这个奖项。
10. What is the contribution of the scientists？
A. Alter found the existence of the hepatitis C virus.
B. Houghton proved the virus could cause infection.
C. Rice worked on extracting the sequence of the virus.
D. The three scientists worked on the complications of the virus.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，20世纪70年代，
Alter证实一些接受输血的人患的肝炎是由新型的肝炎病毒引起
的，即Alter发现了丙型肝炎病毒的存在。
11. What’s the main idea of Paragraph 3？
A. The harm of the hepatitis.
B. The course of the discovery.
C. The significance of the discovery.
D. The disadvantage of the discovery.
解析：　段落大意题。根据第三段尤其是第一句可知，本段主要
介绍了丙型肝炎病毒发现的意义。
12. What does the underlined word “eradicating” in Paragraph 3
probably mean？
A. Discovering. B. Knowing.
C. Analysing. D. Getting rid of.
解析：　词义猜测题。根据画线词前一句可知，这项发现使针对
丙型肝炎的抗病毒药物得以迅速发展；再结合画线词所在句的前
半句可知，丙肝可以被治愈，这为在全人类中消除丙肝病毒带来
了希望。因此画线单词意为“消除”。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
　　Technological research in the medical field is advancing at a fast pace
every year. There are a few medical technologies topping the charts， and
it appears that they will continue advancing in the future. 　13　
　　Wearable medical devices
　　Wearable medical devices aren’t necessarily “new”. 　14　 Rapid
improvements in the sensitivity of wearable medical devices are promoting
the daily monitoring of health markers such as blood pressure. Experts
predict there will be no need to send data back and forth between devices
and the cloud to be processed， increasing patient privacy and speed.
　　Artificial intelligence （AI）
　　 　15　 By using state-of-the-art AI models to simulate （模拟）
chemical reactions， the biotech industry can significantly enhance their
laboratory testing efficiency to increase the discovery of valuable
medications. It is predicted that new AI technologies will continue to be
developed to assist with drug development.
　　Nanomedicine （纳米医疗）
　　Nanomedicine refers to the use of nanotechnology in health
care.Nanotechnology means working with materials at the nano level — a
scale too small to be seen with a regular lab microscope. 　16　 In the
future， there may be a clearer picture as to how nanomedicine will help
with the diagnosis （诊断） and treatment of serious illnesses.
　　Telemedicine （远程医疗）
　　In recent years， remote methods for delivering medical care have
become standard practice. 　17　 With the cost burden of delivering in-
person health care continuing to rise and ongoing global shortages of
medical workers， experts predict that all varieties of telemedicine will be
a growing trend in the future.
A. These new devices show promise in a number of medical fields.
B. However， the enhanced technological improvements on these devices
are.
C. The constant search for innovative drugs takes up a lot of time and
resources.
D. For example， Internet hospitals are becoming increasingly common in
China.
E. Such an invention opens the possibility for significant advances in
cancer research.
F. Because of this， nanomedicine can deliver drugs to your body in a very
targeted way.
G. The four trending technologies below have great potential for enhanced
health care and research.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四种热门的先进医
疗技术。
13. G　上文说明了医学领域的技术研究每年都在快速发展，今年也不
例外，有几种医疗技术位居榜首，未来也将继续进步。下面几段对这
几种热门技术进行了列举说明，G项符合语境。
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四种热门的先进医
疗技术。
14. B　设空处前一句指出可穿戴医疗设备不一定是“新”事物。设空
处后一句说明了可穿戴医疗设备的灵敏度迅速提高，推动了各项健康
指标的日常监测工作。B项符合语境，与上文构成转折关系。B项中的
improvements与设空处后一句中的improvements构成原词复现，B项中
的these devices指代设空处前一句中的Wearable medical devices。
15. C　下文说明通过使用最先进的人工智能模型来模拟化学反应，生
物技术行业的实验室测试效率可得到显著提高，发现更多有价值的药
物。C项符合语境，C项中的search for innovative drugs与下文中的drug
development相呼应。
16. F　上文说明了纳米医疗是指将纳米技术应用于医疗领域中。下文
对纳米医疗的未来作出预测。F项符合语境，与上文构成因果关系。
17. D　设空处前一句介绍了近年来远程医疗已成为一种常规操作。D
项符合语境，承接上文，以中国的互联网医院为例进行说明。D项中
的Internet hospitals与设空处前一句中的remote methods for delivering
medical care相呼应。
谢谢观看！Section Ⅰ　Welcome to the unit & Reading
维度一：品句填词
根据所给单词的首字母或汉语提示，写出单词的正确形式。
1.Hao said that about 25 per cent of depression cases are first diagnosed by p　　　　　　.
2.Cigarette smoking is responsible for about 90％ of deaths from lung c　　　　　　.
3.This software is designed to scan all new files for v　　　　　　.
4.It is announced that the average l　　　　　　 of people is over 77.
5.You cannot legally take possession of the property until the c　　　　　　 is signed.
6.The girl 　　　　　　（删除） some important information by mistake the other day.
7.In this box are some stem 　　　　　　（细胞） that are urgently needed by a patient.
8.It is universally acknowledged that it is illegal to 　　　　　　（限制） people’s freedom.
9.A special baggage check or tag is attached to the baggage to 　　　　　　（认出） it.
10.There is a 　　　　　　（根本的） difference between the two points of view.
维度二：词形转换
用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
1.The 　　　　　　（restore） took almost 4，000 man-hours over four years.
2.Information must be stored so that it is secure from accidental 　　　　　　（delete）.
3.She tried to ensure her 　　　　　　（affect） was equally shared among all three children.
4.He knew nothing of the reason for the 　　　　（prohibit）.
5.The 　　　　　　（find） are the fruit of more than three years’ research.
6.Several difficulties 　　　　　　（arise） when we began to work on the new design.
7.The train was delayed due to 　　　　　　（normal） weather conditions.
8.In old days women led fairly 　　　　　　（restrict） lives in that kingdom.
9.The no-smoking policy was introduced with little 　　　　　　（resist） from staff.
10.You don’t have to get college education but the experience 　　　　　　（relate） to the job is necessary.
维度三：固定搭配和句式
根据汉语及括号内提示完成下列句子。
1.我以前到哪儿都跟着我妈妈，因为我是最小的孩子。（as）
I used to go everywhere with my mother 　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
2.寒冷的天气使我们很难种植足够的蔬菜和水果。（make＋宾语＋宾语补足语）
The cold weather 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　enough vegetables and fruit.
3.今天我们学习了怎样使用这个新软件。（“特殊疑问词＋动词不定式”结构）
Today we learnt 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
4.尽管这个男孩很聪明，但他解决这个问题仍有困难。（it用作形式宾语）
Clever as the boy was， he 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　the problem.
5.她帮我解决了这个我好几个星期都在努力解决的问题。（wrestle with）
She helped me solve the problem 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　for weeks.
维度四：课文语法填空
阅读课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.　　　　　　 we all know， genes control everything in our bodies.Our genome contains not only all of the information 2.　　　　　　 （need） to make us grow and develop， but also information that determines our lifespan and affects our chances of 3.　　　　　　 （contract） certain diseases.
Genome editing is believed to be 4.　　　　　　 effective means of treating and preventing diseases， so geneticists 5.　　　　　　　　 （attempt） to identify which genes relate to which diseases for years.However， questions arise about how to use it 6.　　　　　　 （appropriate）.It also raises moral questions about 7.　　　　　　 （it）unknown risks.Fortunately， philosophers， geneticists and government officials have taken measures 8.　　　　　　　　 （wrestle） with such moral issues.They believe that genome editing will work to our advantage by putting appropriate controls 9.　　　　　　 place.There is no doubt 10.　　　　　　 genome editing is one of the greatest inventions in the history of science.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
　　Powerful brain scanners （扫描仪） could offer hope for the treatment of previously-untreatable symptoms （症状） in Parkinson’s disease， a new study suggests.Both Parkinson’s disease and a related disorder， progressive supranuclear palsy （PSP）， are progressive brain diseases that not only affect movement but also damage cognition， including attention， language and memory.Cognitive （认识的） symptoms can have a major impact on a patient， affecting survival and general well-being， as well as bringing stress and costs to families.
　　To understand the causes of the cognitive symptoms， researchers at the University of Cambridge used a new ultra-high strength 7T MRI scanner.They measured changes in the brains of people with Parkinson’s disease， PSP， and those who were in good health.Patients with Parkinson’s and PSP often receive dopamine （多巴胺） treatment.But this approach does little for many symptoms unrelated to movement， so scientists have started to look at noradrenaline （去甲肾上腺素）， a chemical that plays a critical role in brain functions.
　　Professor James Rowe， who led the study， said： “All of our brain’s supply comes from a tiny region at the back of the brain called the locus coeruleus， which means ‘the blue spot’.” While most scanners can show structures at the level of detail of a grain （颗粒） of rice， 7T scanners can go down to a grain of sand.This allowed the team to examine the locus coeruleus of patients and confirm that the greater the level of damage to this region， the worse they performed in cognitive tests.
　　Researchers suggest the finding offers hope for new treatments for cognitive symptoms.Professor Rowe and his team are now leading a clinical trial to see if noradrenaline-boosting drugs relieve symptoms of PSP.Dr Rong Ye， the study’s joint first author， said：“Not every PSP or Parkinson’s patient is going to benefit from these drugs.They’re more likely to benefit those people with damage to their locus coeruleus.The 7T scanner may help us identify those patients who we think will benefit the most.In the long term， this will prove more cost-effective than giving noradrenaline boosters to patients who ultimately would see no benefit.”
1.Why do scientists begin to study noradrenaline？
A.To compare it with dopamine.
B.To learn more about its functions.
C.To study its physico-chemical properties.
D.To find a new treatment for brain diseases.
2.What does the underlined part “the finding” in the last paragraph refer to？
A.All of our brains’ sources of supply are the same.
B.Patients with brain diseases perform poorly in tests.
C.7T scanners are more precise than the previous ones.
D.Damage to the blue spot is related to low cognitive ability.
3.What can be learned about the noradrenaline-boosting drugs according to Dr Rong Ye？
A.They need further improvement.
B.They may work for some patients.
C.They are already a real hit on the market.
D.They are expensive considering their effectiveness.
4.What is the purpose of the text？
A.To recommend a new drug.
B.To introduce a medical scanner.
C.To explain some medical phenomena.
D.To discuss the causes of some brain diseases.
B
　　Dr Paul Farmer was one of the most extraordinary people I have ever known.As co-founder of the global health organization Partners in Health， Paul spent more than 30 years changing the way health care is delivered in the poorest places on Earth.
　　Along the way， his fine mind， big heart， and continuous drive to do good inspired countless others to follow his example.
　　While still a student at Harvard Medical School in the 1980s，Paul and his colleagues opened a one-room clinic in remote Cange， Haiti， where they not only cared for locals， but trained a team of health workers to serve the surrounding areas. He lived there in a simple home with concrete floors， and no hot water， not so different from the adapted bus he grew up in with his parents in Florida.
　　Within a few years， the clinic’s work gained worldwide notice for bringing tuberculosis （结核病） under control in the area. Today， Partners in Health operates 16 health institutions in Haiti， and employs a local staff of nearly 7，000. They also operate in 11 other countries， including Rwanda， where they partnered with the government to rebuild the nation’s health system. Millions of people are served every year， most of whom live on less than a few dollars a day.
　　I’m honored to have worked closely with Paul. For 20 years， I watched him make a difference in the poorest places， even in the face of dysfunctional （功能失调的） politics and violence.
　　Paul devoted his whole life to the cause of health care， and his voice still rings in our ears today. All our lives are passing， but the purpose of living lasts： to lift others and enable them to live and work just as he did — with love， gratitude， and joy.
5.Which of the following can best describe Paul？
A.Careful and graceful.
B.Kind and influential.
C.Stubborn and sympathetic.
D.Aggressive and adventurous.
6.What can we know about the clinic？
A.It catches immediate worldwide attention.
B.It is located in Paul’s hometown.
C.It is co-founded by Paul and the locals.
D.It treats patients and trains health workers.
7.Why does the author mention the figures in Paragraph 4？
A.To advocate cross-border cooperation.
B.To indicate the difficulties Paul faces.
C.To raise public concern about global health.
D.To highlight Paul’s contributions to global health.
8.What does Paul’s story teach us？
A.Well begun is half done.
B.To live in the moment counts.
C.Life is limited， yet kindness lasts.
D.Health matters more than wealth.
C
　　Three scientists who played central roles in the discovery of the hepatitis C virus （丙型肝炎病毒） have been awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2020.This prize is shared by Michael Houghton， from the United Kingdom， and the United States scientists Harvey J. Alter and Charles M. Rice， who all made notable contributions toward the discovery of the blood-born virus that causes chronic （慢性的） liver problems.
　　Alter demonstrated in the 1970s that some people who received blood transfusions （输血） would develop cases of hepatitis that were not caused by the hepatitis A or B viruses， suggesting that another infectious agent was to blame. In the 1980s， Houghton managed to isolate（分离） the genetic sequence of the virus， while Rice proved that the pathogen （病原体） could replicate and cause infection. The World Health Organization estimates that around 71 million people worldwide live with hepatitis C， which can cause major liver complications （并发症） and， in some cases， death.
　　The Nobel Assembly said the three researchers had contributed to a “landmark achievement in the ongoing battle against viral diseases”.“The discovery of hepatitis C virus revealed the cause of the remaining cases of chronic hepatitis and made blood tests and new medicines that have saved millions of lives possible，” the Assembly said in a statement.“Thanks to their discovery， highly sensitive blood tests for the virus are now available and these have essentially removed post-transfusion hepatitis in many parts of the world， greatly improving global health.”The Assembly said that the discoveries performed by the newly-born Nobel Laureates also allowed for the rapid development of antiviral drugs directed at hepatitis C.“For the first time in history， the disease can now be cured， raising hopes of eradicating hepatitis C virus from the world population，” the statement said.
9.What can we know about the three scientists from Paragraph 1？
A.They discovered the hepatitis A or B viruses.
B.They are all scientists from the United States.
C.They knew nothing about the blood-born virus before.
D.They shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.
10.What is the contribution of the scientists？
A.Alter found the existence of the hepatitis C virus.
B.Houghton proved the virus could cause infection.
C.Rice worked on extracting the sequence of the virus.
D.The three scientists worked on the complications of the virus.
11.What’s the main idea of Paragraph 3？
A.The harm of the hepatitis.
B.The course of the discovery.
C.The significance of the discovery.
D.The disadvantage of the discovery.
12.What does the underlined word “eradicating” in Paragraph 3 probably mean？
A.Discovering. B.Knowing.
C.Analysing. D.Getting rid of.
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
　　Technological research in the medical field is advancing at a fast pace every year. There are a few medical technologies topping the charts， and it appears that they will continue advancing in the future.　13　
　　Wearable medical devices
　　Wearable medical devices aren’t necessarily “new”. 　14　 Rapid improvements in the sensitivity of wearable medical devices are promoting the daily monitoring of health markers such as blood pressure. Experts predict there will be no need to send data back and forth between devices and the cloud to be processed， increasing patient privacy and speed.
　　Artificial intelligence （AI）
　　　15　 By using state-of-the-art AI models to simulate （模拟） chemical reactions， the biotech industry can significantly enhance their laboratory testing efficiency to increase the discovery of valuable medications. It is predicted that new AI technologies will continue to be developed to assist with drug development.
　　Nanomedicine （纳米医疗）
　　Nanomedicine refers to the use of nanotechnology in health care.Nanotechnology means working with materials at the nano level — a scale too small to be seen with a regular lab microscope. 　16　 In the future， there may be a clearer picture as to how nanomedicine will help with the diagnosis （诊断） and treatment of serious illnesses.
　　Telemedicine （远程医疗）
　　In recent years， remote methods for delivering medical care have become standard practice. 　17　 With the cost burden of delivering in-person health care continuing to rise and ongoing global shortages of medical workers， experts predict that all varieties of telemedicine will be a growing trend in the future.
A.These new devices show promise in a number of medical fields.
B.However， the enhanced technological improvements on these devices are.
C.The constant search for innovative drugs takes up a lot of time and resources.
D.For example， Internet hospitals are becoming increasingly common in China.
E.Such an invention opens the possibility for significant advances in cancer research.
F.Because of this， nanomedicine can deliver drugs to your body in a very targeted way.
G.The four trending technologies below have great potential for enhanced health care and research.
13.　　　　　　14.　　　　　　15.　　　　
16.　　　 17.　　　
Section Ⅰ　Welcome to the unit & Reading
基础知识自测
维度一
1.physicians　2.cancer　3.viruses　4.lifespan　5.contract
6.deleted　7.cells　8.restrict　9.identify　10.fundamental
维度二
1.restoration　2.deletion　3.affection　4.prohibition
5.findings　6.arose　7.abnormal　8.restricted
9.resistance　10.related
维度三
1.as I was the youngest child
2.makes it difficult for us to grow
3.how to use the new software
4.found it difficult to solve
5.I had been wrestling with
维度四
1.As　2.needed　3.contracting　4.an　5.have been attempting　6.appropriately　7.its　8.to wrestle　9.in　10.that
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。超级强大的大脑扫描仪将为治疗脑部疾病带来希望。
1.D　推理判断题。根据第二段中的Patients with Parkinson’s and PSP ...in brain functions.可知，患有帕金森病和进行性核上性麻痹综合征的人通常接受的是多巴胺疗法，但对于非运动症状来说，这种疗法收效甚微，所以科学家们开始研究对脑功能起重要作用的去甲肾上腺素，希望能找到一种对非运动症状更有效的新疗法。
2.D　词义猜测题。根据第三段最后一句可知，科研团队使用7T扫描仪检查了多位病人的大脑蓝斑区域，证实了病人的蓝斑区域受损越严重，病人在认知测试中的表现越糟糕。也就是说，蓝斑区域受损，人的认知能力就低。
3.B　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的Not every PSP ...with damage to their locus coeruleus.可知，这种药也不是对每一个进行性核上性麻痹综合征或帕金森病患者都有效，它可能对蓝斑区域受损的病人更有效。
4.B　写作意图题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了一款超级强大的大脑扫描仪，根据最新研究结果，这款医学扫描仪为治疗脑部疾病带来了希望。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了全球卫生组织“健康伙伴”的联合创始人保罗·法默终身致力于医疗卫生事业的故事。
5.B　推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，保罗的友善、大爱和坚韧影响着无数人。因此，保罗是一个善良又极具影响力的人。
6.D　细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知，诊所不仅治疗当地的病人，还培训了一批医疗工作者。
7.D　推理判断题。根据第四段内容可知，该段通过列数字讲述了保罗参与创建的“健康伙伴”的发展现状及其对全球医疗事业的贡献。
8.C　推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，文章主要通过保罗为全球卫生事业作出贡献的故事教会我们：生命有限，但善意却是永恒的。
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。2020年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖的获奖者是三位在发现丙型肝炎病毒的过程中作出重大贡献的科学家。
9.D　细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，这三位在发现丙型肝炎病毒中发挥核心作用的科学家被授予2020年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖，即三人共享了这个奖项。
10.A　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，20世纪70年代，Alter证实一些接受输血的人患的肝炎是由新型的肝炎病毒引起的，即Alter发现了丙型肝炎病毒的存在。
11.C　段落大意题。根据第三段尤其是第一句可知，本段主要介绍了丙型肝炎病毒发现的意义。
12.D　词义猜测题。根据画线词前一句可知，这项发现使针对丙型肝炎的抗病毒药物得以迅速发展；再结合画线词所在句的前半句可知，丙肝可以被治愈，这为在全人类中消除丙肝病毒带来了希望。因此画线单词意为“消除”。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四种热门的先进医疗技术。
13.G　上文说明了医学领域的技术研究每年都在快速发展，今年也不例外，有几种医疗技术位居榜首，未来也将继续进步。下面几段对这几种热门技术进行了列举说明，G项符合语境。
14.B　设空处前一句指出可穿戴医疗设备不一定是“新”事物。设空处后一句说明了可穿戴医疗设备的灵敏度迅速提高，推动了各项健康指标的日常监测工作。B项符合语境，与上文构成转折关系。B项中的improvements与设空处后一句中的improvements构成原词复现，B项中的these devices指代设空处前一句中的Wearable medical devices。
15.C　下文说明通过使用最先进的人工智能模型来模拟化学反应，生物技术行业的实验室测试效率可得到显著提高，发现更多有价值的药物。C项符合语境，C项中的search for innovative drugs与下文中的drug development相呼应。
16.F　上文说明了纳米医疗是指将纳米技术应用于医疗领域中。下文对纳米医疗的未来作出预测。F项符合语境，与上文构成因果关系。
17.D　设空处前一句介绍了近年来远程医疗已成为一种常规操作。D项符合语境，承接上文，以中国的互联网医院为例进行说明。D项中的Internet hospitals与设空处前一句中的remote methods for delivering medical care相呼应。
6 / 6Section Ⅰ　Welcome to the unit & Reading
The future is in our genes①
　　Good afternoon， ladies and gentlemen. Thank you all for coming to this lecture.[1]Over the course of my career， I have seen many wonderful scientific developments， but none are as game-changing② as genome③ editing.[2]I am full of excitement about the possibilities this scientific advance④ can bring and I hope to share my excitement with you today.
　　[1]本句是由but连接的并列句。前一分句中使用现在完成时，后一个分句中“none ...as＋原级＋as”结构表示最高级含义。
　　[2]本句是由and连接的并列句。前一分句中this scientific advance can bring是省略了关系代词that或which的定语从句，修饰先行词possibilities。
[3]As many of you may already know， genes play a critical role in⑤ shaping⑥ our lives.Everything from the colour of our eyes to our talent for maths depends on⑦ genes. The complete set of genes inside a cell⑧ or a living being⑨ is called a genome.[4]Our own personal genome carries all the information needed to make us grow and develop.It also contains information that helps determine our lifespan⑩ and affects our chances of contracting certain diseases. Some people， for example， carry a gene that makes them more likely to catch a certain virus or develop a particular form of cancer .
　　[3]As引导非限制性定语从句，意为“正如，正像”， 用来指代后面整个句子的内容。
　　[4]needed to make us grow and develop为动词-ed短语作后置定语，修饰名词information，其中grow and develop用作宾语补足语。
　　[5]Geneticists have been trying to identify which genes relate to which diseases， as they believe genome editing is an effective means of disease treatment and prevention .It allows geneticists to make changes to the genome by correcting， adding， deleting or replacing specific parts of the genetic material. In the near future， geneticists hope to apply this technology to treat a wide range of health problems. Soon we may be able to use such treatments to restore a blind person’s vision or give someone who was born deaf an excellent sense of hearing.[6]Ultimately ， this new technology might even make it possible to prevent diseases from ever developing by correcting abnormal genes early on.
【读文清障】
①gene n.基因
the future is in our genes
未来就在我们的基因之中
②game-changing adj.改变游戏规则的（指彻底改变事态发展的）
③genome n.基因组，染色体组
genome editing 基因组编辑
④scientific advance 科学进步
⑤play a critical role in
在……中发挥关键作用
⑥shape vt.塑造；决定……的形成，影响……的发展
shape one’s life 塑造某人的生命
⑦depend on依赖，依靠
⑧cell n.细胞
⑨being n.生物；存在；身心
⑩lifespan n.寿命，有效期
affect vt.影响；侵袭，使感染；深深打动
contract vt.感染（疾病）；与……订立合同（或契约） n.合同，合约
carry a gene 携带一种基因
virus n.病毒；（计算机程序中的）病毒
cancer n.癌症；邪恶，毒瘤
geneticist n.遗传学家
identify vt.找到，发现；确认，认出；显示，说明身份
relate vi.& vt.联系，使有联系；叙述，讲述
relate to 涉及，与……相关
means n.（pl. means） 方法，方式；财富，钱财
prevention n.预防；防止；防范
delete vt.删去，删除
deletion n.删除
a wide range of大范围的，广泛的，包罗万象的
restore vt.恢复；修复；使复原，使复位
vision n.视力
ultimately adv.最终；根本上
abnormal adj.反常的，畸形的
Genome editing， serving as a new weapon in the fight against diseases， will lead to a fundamental change in our approach to health care.
　　[5]which引导宾语从句，意为“哪一个”；as引导原因状语从句。
　　[6]句中it作形式宾语，动词不定式短语to prevent diseases from ever developing作真正的宾语。
　　[7]As the technology continues to develop at a fast pace ， however， questions arise about how to use it appropriately.Should we restrict our use of this technology to the treatment and prevention of diseases？ Should we prohibit geneticists from using it to enhance healthy bodies？ [8]One day soon we will be able to use genome editing to increase the human resistance to colds and flu ， to make people taller， to help their muscles develop faster， to sharpen all of their senses or to make them more intelligent.[9]We will also be able to select specific characteristics for children before they are born， creating what some have called “designer babies”.However， is this a good thing？ What consequences might it have？ Philosophers， geneticists and government officials have all started to wrestle with such moral issues. We have to figure out how to keep the technology from running wild.[10]This means putting appropriate controls in place to make sure that genome editing will work to our advantage.Without them， genome editing could be as dangerous as a car out of control.
　　[7]As引导时间状语从句；how to use为“特殊疑问词＋动词不定式”结构，在句中作about的宾语。
　　[8]五个并列的动词不定式短语为排比结构，作目的状语。
　　[9]creating what some have called “designer babies”为动词-ing短语作结果状语；what引导宾语从句。
　　[10]句中动词-ing短语putting appropriate controls in place作means的宾语；动词不定式短语to make sure that ... advantage作目的状语，其中that引导宾语从句。
　　There is still much to be explored and debated on the subject of genome editing. Despite the public argument over this technology， its possibilities have been creating much excitement throughout the entire medical community and beyond.Without doubt ， genome editing is one of the greatest inventions in the history of science. Thank you for listening.
serve as用作；充当；担任
weapon n.武器，手段；兵器
fundamental adj.十分重大的，根本的；基础的，基本的 n.基本规律，根本法则，基础　
pace n.发生的速度，节奏；步速；快节奏
vi.& vt.来回踱步，走来走去；确定速度，调整节奏
at a fast pace 快速
arise vi.（arose， arisen）发生，出现；（由……）引起，（因……）产生
restrict vt.限制，限定；束缚，妨碍；约束，管束
prohibit vt.（尤指以法令）禁止；使不可能
prohibit sb from doing sth
禁止某人做某事
resistance n.抵抗力；抵制，反对；抵抗，反抗
flu n.流行性感冒，流感
characteristic n.特征，特点
adj.典型的，独特的
wrestle vi.& vt.奋力对付，努力处理；摔跤
wrestle with努力处理，全力解决
put sth in place准备就绪
debate vt.& vi.讨论，辩论；仔细考虑，思考 n.讨论，争论；辩论
without doubt毫无疑问，的确
【参考译文】
未来就在我们的基因之中
女士们、先生们，下午好。感谢各位来到本场讲座。在我的职业生涯中，我见证过许多了不起的科研成果，但没有一项能像基因组编辑一样具有颠覆性。我对这项科学进展能够带来的可能性兴奋不已，并且希望在今天与各位分享这份兴奋之情。
在座的很多人可能已经知道，基因对于塑造生命起着决定性作用。从眼睛的颜色到数学天赋，一切都取决于基因。一个细胞或一个生物体内的一套完整的基因就称为一个基因组。每个人自己的基因组都携带着各自生长发育所需的全部信息。它（基因组）还包含了有助于决定我们寿命长短和影响我们患某些疾病概率的信息。比如，有些人携带的某个基因会使他们更易感染某种病毒，或是患上某种特定类型的癌症。
　　遗传学家一直试图找出哪些基因与哪些疾病有关，因为他们认为基因组编辑是治疗和预防疾病的一种有效手段。基因组编辑使得遗传学家可以通过修正、嵌入、移除或替换基因材料的特定部分改变基因组。在不久的将来，遗传学家期待运用这项技术解决多种健康问题。也许我们很快就能利用这些疗法来恢复盲人的视力，或者让先天性耳聋的人拥有敏锐的听力。最终，这项新技术甚至有可能通过及早修正异常基因来预防疾病。基因组编辑技术作为对抗疾病的一种新武器，将从根本上改变我们的医疗保健方式。
　　然而，随着这一技术不断迅速发展，出现了如何合理使用它的问题。我们是否应该将其应用限制在治疗和预防疾病方面？我们是否应该禁止遗传学家使用它（基因组编辑技术）来使健康的身体更加强健？不久之后，我们将能利用基因组编辑技术提高人体对感冒和流感的抵抗力，也能让人长得更高、肌肉生长得更快，让人体的各种感官更加灵敏或者智商更高。我们也将能够在孩子出生前就为他们选择特定的特征，制造出有些人所谓的“设计婴儿”。但这是一件好事吗？ 会有什么后果？ 哲学家、遗传学家和政府官员都已开始全力解决这样的道德问题。我们必须想办法防止这项技术失控。这意味着适当的管制要准备到位，以确保基因组编辑会对我们有利。否则，它可能会像失控的汽车一样危险。
对于基因组编辑这一话题，要探索和讨论的还有很多。虽然公众对这项技术存在争论，但它蕴含的可能性让整个医学界和外界都感到非常兴奋。毫无疑问，基因组编辑是科学史上最伟大的发明之一。感谢各位聆听。
第一步：析架构，理文本脉络
Read the passage quickly and fill in the blanks.
　
第二步：精读文，达明察秋毫
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer.
1.What information does our personal genome carry？
A.All the information we need.
B.The information that helps us live longer.
C.The information that can affect our emotions.
D.The information related to our lifespan and the possibilities of suffering from some diseases.
2.How does the author support his idea in Paragraph 2？
A.By giving examples.
B.By explaining statistical data.
C.By stating arguments.
D.By providing research.
3.What do people want genome editing to be used for？
①Restoring the eyesight of the blind.
②Correcting abnormal genes.
③Making weapons.
④Giving a deaf person an excellent sense of hearing.
A.①②③ B.②③④
C.①②④ D.①③④
4.How might genome editing make it possible to prevent diseases from developing？
A.By correcting genes ahead of time.
B.By making the abnormal genes right in advance.
C.By adding specific parts of the genetic material.
D.By replacing some parts of the genetic material.
5.What does the phrase “designer babies” probably mean in Paragraph 4？
A.It refers to babies that have been selected by their picky parents.
B.It refers to babies that have been developed by scientists in the laboratories.
C.It refers to babies that have been designed by geneticists in the laboratories.
D.It refers to babies that have developed from embryos （胚胎） with certain desired characteristics.
6.Which of the following can be used to describe genome editing？
A.Useful but impossible.
B.Exciting but unnecessary.
C.Innovative but unrealistic.
D.Promising but dangerous.
第三步：通词句，学语言表达
1.词汇学习——循规律，记单词
（1）词根＋-tics/-ics/-logy，构成名词，表示某学科；词根＋-tic/-cal，构成形容词，表示与某学科有关的；词根＋-ist/-cian，构成名词，表示研究某学科的人。例如：
①genetics遗传学→genetic基因的；遗传的→geneticist遗传学家
②politics政治学→political政治的→politician政治家
③physics物理学→physical物理学的→physicist物理学家
④biology生物学→biological生物的→biologist 生物学家
（2）合成形容词（名词＋动词-ing形式）
①game-changing adj.改变游戏规则的
②peace-loving adj.热爱和平的
③English-speaking adj.说英语的
④heart-warming adj.使人幸福愉快的
⑤time-consuming adj.费时的，耗时间的
（3）动词＋-ing变名词
①find发现；找到→finding调查发现，调研结果
②understand明白；了解→understanding了解；领会
③say表明；说明→saying谚语；教诲
④train训练；教育→training训练；锻炼
⑤warn提醒；告诫→warning警告，先兆；警戒
⑥park将……放置在某处；停车→parking停放；停车位
2.美句欣赏——赏佳句，品用法
排比：排比是把结构相同或相似，意义密切相关，语气一致的词语或句子成串地排列的一种修辞手法。排比能增强演讲的节奏感和音韵美，抒发强烈的感情，提高演讲的说服力和欣赏性。请从课文中找出排比句，背诵并翻译。
原句：　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
翻译：　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
第四步：析难句，清阅读障碍
1.Geneticists have been trying to identify which genes relate to which diseases， as they believe genome editing is an effective means of disease treatment and prevention.
句式分析
尝试翻译　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
2.Soon we may be able to use such treatments to restore a blind person’s vision or give someone who was born deaf an excellent sense of hearing.
句式分析
尝试翻译　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
3.We will also be able to select specific characteristics for children before they are born， creating what some have called “designer babies”.
句式分析
尝试翻译　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
第五步：拓视野，育思维品质
1.The lecturer mentions that one day we will be able to create “designer babies”.What do you think of “designer babies”？ （Critical Thinking 批判性思维）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
2.What controls can we put in place to make sure that genome editing will work to our advantage？ （Creative Thinking 创造性思维）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Part Ⅰ　核心词汇集释
affect vt.影响；侵袭，使感染；深深打动
【教材原句】　It also contains information that helps determine our lifespan and affects our chances of contracting certain diseases.
它（基因组）还包含了有助于决定我们寿命长短和影响我们患某些疾病概率的信息。
【用法】
（1）be affected by 受……的影响；被……感动
be affected with　　　　感染……疾病
（2）affection n. 喜爱
feel much affection for 深爱
（3）effect n. 作用；影响
have an effect/influence on 对……产生影响
【佳句】　With the government’s aid， those affected by the earthquake have moved to the new settlements.
在政府的帮助下，受地震影响的那些人已经搬到了新的定居点。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those whose lives 　　　　　　　　（affect）.
②Recently，these actions 　　　　　　　　（affect） the ecological balance.
③From then on， we began a relationship that gradually transformed into a great friendship and deep 　　　　　　（affect）.
【写美】　翻译句子
④我深爱我的妈妈，她的言行对我有积极的影响。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
identify vt.找到，发现；确认，认出；显示，说明身份
【教材原句】　Geneticists have been trying to identify which genes relate to which diseases， as they believe genome editing is an effective means of disease treatment and prevention.
遗传学家一直试图找出哪些基因与哪些疾病有关，因为他们认为基因组编辑是治疗和预防疾病的一种有效手段。
【用法】
（1）identify sth/sb as ...　　　　　　　认定某事物/某人是……
identify oneself 证明自己的身份
identify with sb与某人产生共鸣；谅解；同情
identify a link between ...and ... 发现……与……之间的关联
（2）identification n. 鉴定，识别；认同；身份证明
identity n. 身份；特征；同一性
identification card＝identity card 身份证
【佳句】　Having identified the problem， the question arises about how to overcome it.
发现了问题之后，就产生了如何克服这个问题。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①The police asked him to show his 　　　　　　　card to 　　　　　　whether he was the attacker.（identify）
②The ship 　　　　　　　　（identify） yesterday， and its name and position were reported to the Coast Guard.
③They constructed what we now identify 　　　　the royal palace， the palace of the king.
【写美】　完成句子
④Scientists 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
科学家们已经发现了饮食与癌症之间的关联。
relate vi.& vt.联系，使有联系；叙述，讲述
【用法】
（1）relate to 涉及，与……相关；理解，了解
relate ...to ... 把……和……联系起来
relate sth to sb 给某人讲述某事
（2）related adj. 有联系的；相关的
（3）relation n. 关系；联系；亲戚
in relation to 关于；涉及；与……相比较
（4）relative n. 亲属，亲戚
adj. 相对的，相关的
【佳句】　The play is related to a love story which took place a long time ago.
这个剧本和一个久远的爱情故事有关。
【联想】　表示“与……有关”的短语还有be connected with、 be relevant to、 have something to do with、 be involved in、 be associated with等。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①Many parents find it hard to relate 　　　　their children when they are teenagers.
②People’s understanding of the rule of law is 　　　　　（relate） to their educational level.
③We are committed to improving 　　　　　（relate） with all countries in the world.
④Considering the failure of the previous plan，this turned out to be a 　　　　　　（relate） success.
【写美】　完成句子
⑤Many excellent exhibitions in Wang Xizhi Park 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
王羲之公园的许多优秀展览都与中国传统文化有关。
means n.（pl.means） 方法，方式；财富，钱财
【用法】
a means of （doing） sth 一种（做）某事的方式
by means of 依靠……办法；借助……手段
by this means 用这种方法
by all means 尽一切方法；务必；当然行
by no means 决不；一点也不（置于句首时，句子用部分倒装结构）
【佳句】　You’d better practice using chopsticks in advance， which is also a means of showing your good table manners.
你最好提前练习使用筷子，这也是显示你良好的餐桌礼仪的一种方式。
【用准】　（1）means单复数同形，此类名词还有deer（鹿）、 sheep （绵羊）、 species （物种）等。
（2）means作主语，被every、 each等修饰时，谓语动词用单数形式；被all、 several、 many等修饰时，谓语动词用复数形式。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①Watching films is regarded as 　　　　　　good means of entertainment.
②He got into the house 　　　　　　means of an open window.
③Every possible means 　　　　　　　　　（try）， but none has worked.
④We can make great progress in our English study by this 　　　　　　（mean）.
【写美】　句式升级/完成句子
⑤The problem is by no means as simple as we first thought.
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 as simple as we first thought.（by no means置于句首）
⑥　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 we are able to communicate with each other instantly.
通过现代技术，我们可以相互即时通信。
restore vt.恢复；修复；使复原，使复位；归还（失物、赃款等）
【教材原句】　Soon we may be able to use such treatments to restore a blind person’s vision or give someone who was born deaf an excellent sense of hearing.
也许我们很快就能利用这些疗法来恢复盲人的视力，或者让先天性耳聋的人拥有敏锐的听力。
【用法】
（1）restore confidence/faith　恢复信心
restore sb/sth to ...使某人/某物恢复到某状态
restore sth to sb 把某物归还给某人
（2）restoration n. 恢复；复位；修复；归还
【佳句】　It was built originally to protect the city in the Tang Dynasty and has now been completely restored.
它最初是为了保护唐代的城市而建造的，现在已经完全修复了。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①The army has recently been brought in 　　　　　　　　（restore） order.
②His visit is expected to lead to the 　　　　（restore） of diplomatic relations.
③The following day their horses and goods were restored 　　　　　　them.
【写美】　完成句子
④We hope to 　　　　　　　　　　　　　its former glory.
我们想把这个花园变得和过去一样美丽。
pace n.发生的速度，节奏；步速；快节奏 vi.& vt.来回踱步，走来走去；确定速度，调整节奏
【教材原句】　As the technology continues to develop at a fast pace， however， questions arise about how to use it appropriately.然而，随着这一技术不断迅速发展，出现了如何合理使用它的问题。
【用法】
（1）keep pace with（与……）并驾齐驱；（与……）步调一致；跟上……
pick up the pace　　加快节奏（或步伐）
set the pace 确定速度；确立标准
at a fast pace 快速
at a pace of ... 以……的速度
pace of life 生活节奏
（2）pace back and forth＝pace up and down 来回踱步，走来走去
【佳句】　We encourage all students to study at their own pace.
我们鼓励所有的学生都按自己的节奏学习。
She paced up and down outside the operating room.她在手术室外来回走着。
【练透】　写出加黑单词的词性和词义/单句语法填空
①The people waiting for the train paced up and down. 　　　　　　　
②When caught in a rain without an umbrella， most people pick up their pace. 　　　　　　　
③It’s important for a company to keep pace 　　　　　　changes in the market.
④Trade relations between the two countries have developed 　　　　　　a fast pace.
【写美】　完成句子
⑤Compared with the urban life， I prefer the relaxing 　　　　　　　　in the country.
和都市生活相比，我喜爱乡间那悠闲的生活节奏。
arise vi.发生，出现；（由……）引起，（因……）产生；起床；起身
【用法】
原形及含义 过去式 动词-ed 形式 动词-ing 形式
arise vi.发生，出现；引起 arise from/out of 由……引起，因……产生 arose arisen arising
arouse vt.唤醒；激起 aroused aroused arousing
rise vi.升起；起身；增长；上升 rose risen rising
raise vt.举起；抚养；饲养；筹集 raised raised raising
【佳句】　You can’t be too careful while driving.Accidents often arise from carelessness.
开车时你越小心越好。事故往往是由疏忽大意造成的。
【练透】　选词填空（arise/arouse/rise/raise）
①The old couple usually 　　　　　　　at sunrise to get an early start to the park.
②Many people participated in the campaign which aims to 　　　　　　awareness of the dangers of passive smoking.
③It is common knowledge that the sun 　　　　　　in the east and sets in the west.
④The teacher told the students a story to 　　　　　　their interest of the subject.
【写美】　完成句子
⑤As is known to all， mental problems can 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
众所周知，精神问题可能是由生理原因引起的。
restrict vt.限制，限定；束缚，妨碍；约束，管束
【教材原句】　Should we restrict our use of this technology to the treatment and prevention of diseases？
我们是否应该将其应用限制在治疗和预防疾病方面？
【用法】
（1）restrict sth to　　　 限制……到（程度）
sth be restricted to sb 某事仅限于某人
restrict oneself/sb to sth/doing sth限制自己/某人做某事
（2）restricted adj. 受限制的；有限的
restriction n. 限制；约束；束缚
restrictive adj. 限制性的；约束的
【佳句】　The speed in town is restricted to 30 km/h.城区车速限制为每小时30公里。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①I restrict myself 　 　one cup of coffee a day.
②The use of this kind of drug is 　　　　　（restrict） in many countries.
③Since the costs of science were rising faster than inflation， some 　　　　　　（restrict） on funding were necessary.
【写美】　完成句子
④Access to the club 　　　　　　　　　　members only.该俱乐部仅对会员开放。
prohibit vt.（尤指以法令）禁止；使不可能
【教材原句】　Should we prohibit geneticists from using it to enhance healthy bodies？
我们是否应该禁止遗传学家使用它（基因组编辑技术）来使健康的身体更加强健？
【用法】
（1）prohibit doing sth 禁止做某事；阻止做某事
（2）prohibit sb from doing sth
＝ban sb from doing sth
＝forbid sb from doing sth
＝forbid sb to do sth 　禁止某人做某事
（3）prohibition n. （尤指通过法律的）禁止，阻止；禁令，禁律
【佳句】　Never do what is prohibited by law.
永远不要做法律禁止的事情。
【联想】　“禁止某人做某事”表达还有：
①stop sb （from） doing sth
②prevent sb （from） doing sth
③keep sb from doing sth
【练透】　单句语法填空
①The law prohibits 　　　　　　（sell） alcohol to people under 18.
②Boats are prohibited 　　　　　　　　entering this area in order to keep the dolphins safe.
③The 　　　　　　（prohibit） against drunken driving will save many lives.
【写美】　完成句子
④Private cars 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， so the transportation is all electric buses.
旅游景点禁止私家车驶入，所以交通工具都是电动公共汽车。
resistance n.抵抗力；抵制，反对；抵抗，反抗
【教材原句】　One day soon we will be able to use genome editing to increase the human resistance to colds and flu， to make people taller， to help their muscles develop faster， to sharpen all of their senses or to make them more intelligent.
不久之后，我们将能利用基因组编辑技术提高人体对感冒和流感的抵抗力，也能让人长得更高、肌肉生长得更快，让人体的各种感官更加灵敏或者智商更高。
【用法】
（1）resist vt.　　　抵制，反对；反抗，抵抗；忍住；使不受……的伤害
resist （doing） sth　反对（做）某事
can’t resist （doing） sth＝can’t help （doing） sth 无法抗拒/忍不住（做）某事
（2）resistant adj. 对……有抵抗力的，抵制的，反抗的，抗拒的
be resistant to 对……有抵抗力
【佳句】　The finding should lead to new strategies to fight drug resistance.
这一发现应该会带来对抗耐药性的新策略。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①We should take exercise to build up 　　　　　　（resistant） to disease.
②Ultimately，they find these kinds of things extremely boring， and they will resist 　　　　　　（do） them.
③My country is strongly resistant 　　　　　any foreign interference.
【写美】　翻译句子
④尽管资金不足，但他还是忍不住买了这些书。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
wrestle vi.& vt.奋力对付，努力处理；摔跤
【教材原句】　Philosophers， geneticists and government officials have all started to wrestle with such moral issues.哲学家、遗传学家和政府官员都已开始全力解决这样的道德问题。
【用法】
（1）wrestle with　　努力处理，全力解决
wrestle with sb 与某人摔跤/扭打
wrestle to do sth 努力做某事，想方设法做某事
wrestle ...to the ground　把……摔倒在地
（2）wrestling n. 摔跤运动
wrestler n. 摔跤运动员
【佳句】　Tom persuaded him to wrestle with the famous wrestler.
汤姆说服他和那个著名的摔跤运动员去摔跤。
They are good exercises for those who like to wrestle with challenging questions.
对于爱处理挑战性问题的人来说，它们是很好的练习。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①The police wrestled the thief 　　　　　　the ground and arrested him.
②All the volunteers in the charity have been wrestling 　　　　　　　　（raise） money for the sick boy.
③We have had to wrestle 　　　　　　the big challenges and have come to some ideas of where the answers lie.
【写美】　完成句子
④She had spent the whole weekend 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
她整个周末都在绞尽脑汁处理这个问题。
Part Ⅱ　重点句型解构
句型公式：as引导状语从句
【教材原句】　Geneticists have been trying to identify which genes relate to which diseases， as they believe genome editing is an effective means of disease treatment and prevention.
遗传学家一直试图找出哪些基因与哪些疾病有关，因为他们认为基因组编辑是治疗和预防疾病的一种有效手段。
【用法】
（1）as在本句中引导原因状语从句，意为“因为”。
（2）as引导时间状语从句时，意为“随着；一边……一边……”。
（3）as引导方式状语从句时，意为“正如，按照”，常用于“（just） as ...so ...”和“as＋动词-ed形式”的省略结构中。
（4）as引导比较状语从句时，意为“像……一样”，常用于as ...as ...句型。
（5）as引导让步状语从句时，意为“尽管，虽然”，注意从句应用部分倒装句式。
【品悟】　When in Rome， do as the Romans do.
入乡随俗。
【写美】　完成句子
①She stayed in bed 　　　　 　　　　　　.
她依照医生的吩咐卧床休息。
②　　　　　　　　　　，I came across an old friend.
当我在公交车站等车的时候，我偶遇了一位老朋友。
③　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， I have to look it up in the dictionary.
因为我不知道这个单词的意思，只好查词典了。
④He speaks English as well 　　　　　　　.
他英语说得和你一样好。
⑤　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， he knows a lot about astronomy.
虽然他很年轻，但他知道很多天文学知识。
句型公式：“特殊疑问词＋动词不定式”结构
【教材原句】　As the technology continues to develop at a fast pace， however， questions arise about how to use it appropriately.
然而，随着这一技术不断迅速发展，出现了如何合理使用它的问题。
【用法】
（1）疑问代词who、 what、 which等和疑问副词when、 where、 how等后面跟动词不定式，构成“特殊疑问词＋动词不定式”结构，在句中可以作主语、宾语和表语等。
（2）“特殊疑问词＋动词不定式”结构在句中作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。
（3）“特殊疑问词＋动词不定式”结构可转换为从句。
【品悟】　As I’m not sure where to start with my project， I would appreciate it if you could offer me your suggestions.
由于我不清楚该从哪里着手开始我的计划，如果你能给我提出建议，我将不胜感激。
【写美】　完成句子
①He stood still， not knowing 　　　　　　　　　　next.
他静静地站在那儿，不知道下一步做什么。
②　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 hasn’t been decided so far.
在什么时间、什么地点举行会议到现在还没有确定下来。
③Could you tell me 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　？
你能告诉我如何让她开心吗？
④What concerns me most 　　　　 　　　.
我最关心的是应该依靠谁。
Section Ⅰ　Welcome to the unit & Reading
【文本透析·剖语篇】
第一步
1.possibilities　2.shaping our lives　3.prevention
4.concerned about　5.inventions
第二步
1～6　DACBDD
第三步
2.原句：One day soon we will be able to use genome editing to increase the human resistance to colds and flu，to make people taller， to help their muscles develop faster， to sharpen all of their senses or to make them more intelligent.
翻译：不久之后，我们将能利用基因组编辑技术提高人体对感冒和流感的抵抗力，也能让人长得更高、肌肉生长得更快，让人体的各种感官更加灵敏或者智商更高。
第四步
1.遗传学家一直试图找出哪些基因与哪些疾病有关，因为他们认为基因组编辑是治疗和预防疾病的一种有效手段。
2.也许我们很快就能利用这些疗法来恢复盲人的视力，或者让先天性耳聋的人拥有敏锐的听力。
3.我们也将能够在孩子出生前就为他们选择特定的特征，制造出有些人所谓的“设计婴儿”。
第五步
1.I do not think we should design babies unless it is because of serious physical or mental health concerns.There is no need to design a baby if its parents are perfectly healthy.Natural gene selection ensures diversity among our species， so if “designer babies” become the norm， the diversity level will drop.Over time， this could lead to the majority of people being born with similar intelligence levels， similar physical features and perhaps， even similar personalities.Humans could evolve into “superbeings”， which some people may believe to be good for us， but interfering with our natural evolution could result in disaster.I do not think we should take the chance.
2.Governments around the world should work together to make laws and regulations about when genome editing can and cannot be used.Firstly， these laws and regulations should cover various aspects of genome editing， such as ethical issues and security， and they may have to be introduced at multiple levels—global， national and even regional.Secondly， genome editing equipment needs to be strictly controlled so that it does not get into the wrong hands.Finally， governments， scientists， stakeholders and the public need to work together to enforce appropriate usage of genome editing.The application of these laws and regulations regarding genome editing will be successful only if all parties concerned cooperate.
【核心知识·巧突破】
Part Ⅰ
1.①were affected　②have affected　③affection
④I feel much affection for my mum， whose words and actions have a positive effect on me.
2.①identity/identification； identify　②was identified　③as
④have identified a link between diet and cancer
3.①to　②related　③relations　④relative　⑤are related to traditional Chinese culture
4.①a　②by　③has been tried　④means　⑤By no means is the problem　⑥By means of modern technology
5.①to restore　②restoration　③to　④restore the garden to
6.①v.来回踱步，走来走去　②n.步伐　③with　④at
⑤pace of life
7.①arise/rise　②raise　③rises　④arouse
⑤arise from/out of a physical cause
8.①to　②restricted　③restrictions　④is restricted to
9.①selling　②from　③prohibition　④are prohibited in the tourist spots
10.①resistance　②doing　③to
④Although he was short of money，he couldn’t resist/help purchasing these books.
11.①to　②to raise　③with　④wrestling with the problem
Part Ⅱ
1.①as the doctor had ordered
②As I waited at a bus stop
③As I don’t know the meaning of the word
④as you do　⑤Young as he is
2.①what to do　②When and where to hold the meeting
③how to make her happy　④is whom to depend on
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