资源简介

(共141张PPT)
Section Ⅰ　Welcome to the unit & Reading
1
篇章助解·释疑难
目 录
2
文本透析·剖语篇
4
课时检测·提能力
3
核心知识·巧突破
篇章助解·释疑难
力推课前预习
1
Artificial intelligence： friendly or frightening？
　　Imagine waking up one morning with the option① of staying in bed
and pressing a button to send a robot to do all the work for you. [1]How
cool that would be！ [2]It may seem like building castles② in the air，
but given③ the rate at which artificial intelligence， or AI， is being
developed， in the future such dreams may actually come true④.
　　[1]本句为How引导的感叹句，其结构是“How＋adj./adv.＋主语
＋谓语！”。
[2]本句是but连接的并列复合句。后一个分句中，given引导条件
状语从句；at which ...developed是“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从
句，修饰先行词rate。
【读文清障】
①option n.选项；选择；选择权；可选择的事物
with the option of可以选择……
have no option/choice but to do sth 别无选择只有做某事
②castle n.城堡
（build） castles in the air
（建）空中楼阁，幻想，空想
③given prep.考虑到；鉴于（＝considering）
given/considering that ...
考虑到……；鉴于……（用作状语）
④come true实现；（预言等）成事实
　　At the basic level， artificial intelligence is a branch of computer
science that aims to create intelligent machines⑤.[3]One of the essential
aims of AI is to develop computer intelligence capable of⑥ learning from
experience， adjusting to new inputs⑦ and performing tasks like humans.
[4]To achieve this aim， many approaches to creating true AI have been
put forward⑧， including “deep learning”， which enables a machine to
improve its own performance by learning from the results of its previous
actions. [5]Deep-learning AI has the capacity⑨ to analyse⑩ massive
amounts of data through multiple layers， imitating the complex networks
of the human brain.
　　[3]动词不定式短语to develop ... like humans作表语，其中形容词
短语capable of learning from experience， adjusting to new inputs and
performing tasks like humans作后置定语，修饰computer intelligence；
三个动词-ing短语learning from ...， adjusting to ...和performing ...作介
词of的宾语。
[4]动词不定式短语To achieve this aim作目的状语；which引导非
限制性定语从句，修饰先行词deep learning。
[5]动词不定式短语to analyse ...layers作后置定语，修饰名词
capacity。动词-ing 短语imitating ... brain作状语。　
⑤create intelligent machines研发智能机器
⑥capable of可以……的；能……的；易……的；（人）敢于……的
（be） capable of doing sth
有能力做某事
⑦input n.输入的信息；投入
vt.（input， input）输入（信息）
⑧put forward提出（计划、建议）
⑨capacity n.领悟（或理解、办事）能力；容量，容积；职位，职责；
生产量
have the capacity to do sth
能够做某事，有能力做某事
⑩analyse vt.分析
massive adj.巨大的，大而重的；非常严重的
network n.网络，网状系统；关系网，人际网；（互联）网络
　　The dream of AI has been around for centuries， and the development
of computers since the 1940s has finally made it a reality. [6]Years before
the term “artificial intelligence” was coined in the mid-1950s ， the
theory had been explored by Alan Turing， one of the pioneers in the field
of computer science. However， for a long time， AI technology
developed very slowly. A major breakthrough in AI came in 1997，
when Deep Blue， a chess-playing computer， beat the world chess
champion Garry Kasparov. [7]Then in 2017， a computer program named
AlphaGo defeated Ke Jie， arguably the best human Go player， which
demonstrated a significant advance in deep-learning AI systems.
　　[6]句中before引导时间状语从句；名词短语one of the pioneers in
the field of computer science作Alan Turing的同位语。
[7]动词-ed短语named AlphaGo作后置定语，修饰a computer
program；which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰整个主句。
coin vt.创造（新词语）
in the mid-1950s
在20世纪50年代中期
breakthrough n.重大进展，突破 adj.突破性的
　　Nowadays， AI is already being applied in many fields： finance
， health care， machine translation and art， to name but a few .
From autonomous vehicles to domestic robots， from
recommendation systems to computers writing novels， AI has an
unlimited number of applications. Ordinary people are now using AI to get
instant translations of text in foreign languages， and machines can
recognize fingerprints and even faces.
　　In short ， this technology is transforming the way we live.[8]It is
clear that we are at a turning point in history. With machines like AlphaGo
now capable of thinking and learning from their mistakes， we are getting
closer to the dividing line between humans and machines. The question
is， where will all this lead？ [9]While AI enthusiasts promise us a bright
future where intelligent robots will be working to our advantage ， these
undoubted benefits also bring concerns and fears.
Could machines really develop human-like intelligence？ And what would
happen if they did？ Would thinking machines work alongside humans or
threaten the existence of humans？ How would they be punished if they
committed crimes or even murdered humans？ As we become more
and more dependent on computers， some scientists are urging us to
think about the dangers posed by the advances in AI. Stephen Hawking，
for example， warned， “The development of full artificial intelligence
could spell the end of the human race.”
　　Apparently ， such warnings demand our attention. We need to
make sure that we will not fall victim to AI. [10]We may still think it
would be fantastic to relax all day and allow autonomous machines to do
all the work for us — but perhaps we should not be too greedy and rather
be careful what we wish for！
　　[8]句中It作形式主语，that引导的主语从句作真正的主语。
[9]句中While（尽管）引导让步状语从句，从句中含有一个
where引导的定语从句，修饰先行词a bright future。
[10]but连接的分句中，what we wish for是一个宾语从句。　
finance n.财政，金融；资金；财力，财务管理 vt.提供资金
financial adj.财政的，金融的；财务的；有钱的
to name but a few略举几例
autonomous adj.自主的，有自主权的；自治的
autonomous vehicles 自动驾驶汽车
domestic adj.家庭的，家用的；本国的，国内的
domestic robots家用机器人
get instant translations of text获取文本的即时翻译
in short简言之；总之
to one’s advantage对某人有利
threaten vt.危及，对……构成威胁；威胁，恐吓
commit vt.犯（罪）；承诺，保证；花（钱或时间） vi.全心全意投
入，忠于
crime n.罪，罪行；犯罪活动
murder vt.& n.谋杀，凶杀
urge vt.敦促，催促；大力推荐，竭力主张；驱赶，鞭策 n.冲动，强
烈的欲望
pose vt.造成，产生；提问，质询vi.摆好姿势n.姿势
pose a threat/challenge/danger构成威胁/挑战/危险
spell vt.意味着，招致（常常是不愉快的结果）
spell the end of the human race意味着人类的终结
apparently adv.显然，可见
warning n.警告，先兆；警戒
demand vt.需要；强烈要求
n.要求，所需之物；需求，需要
victim n.受害者，牺牲品；受骗者；祭品
fall victim to受伤，受损，被害
greedy adj.贪心的，贪婪的
【参考译文】
人工智能：是敌是友？
想象一下，某天早上你醒来，可以选择继续躺在床上，按下一个
按钮，就能召来一台机器人为你处理所有的工作。那该有多酷啊！也
许这看上去像建造空中楼阁一样不切实际，但是考虑到目前人工智能
（AI）的发展速度，将来这样的梦想真的很可能会实现。
从基础层面上讲，人工智能是计算机科学的一个分支学科，其目
标是研发智能机器。人工智能的基本目标之一，是开发能够学习过往
经验、适应新的输入内容并且能够像人类一样执行任务的计算机智
能。为了实现这个目标，人们提出过许多创造真正的人工智能的方
法，其中包括“深度学习”——这种方法可以让机器通过学习自己先
前的行为结果，来提升自身性能。深度学习人工智能拥有从多个层次
分析海量信息的能力，它模拟的是人脑的复杂网络结构。
人工智能的梦想已经存在了几个世纪，而 20世纪40年代以来计算
机的发展，终于让这个梦想成为现实。“人工智能”这个词在20 世纪
50 年代中期被创造出来的许多年前，计算机科学领域的先驱之一艾
伦·图灵就已探索了这一理论。然而在很长一段时间里，人工智能技术
发展得相当缓慢。1997年，人工智能发展有了一个重大突破，当时一
台名叫深蓝的国际象棋计算机打败了国际象棋世界冠军加里·卡斯帕罗
夫。之后在 2017年，一个叫做阿尔法围棋的计算机程序打败了可以说
是人类最强的围棋棋手柯洁，这体现了深度学习人工智能系统的一大
显著进展。
　　如今，人工智能已经应用于许多领域，如金融、医疗保健、机器
翻译和艺术等，不一而足。从自动驾驶车辆到家用机器人，从推荐系
统到撰写小说的电脑，人工智能有着不计其数的应用。普通人现在能
够使用人工智能获取外语文本的即时翻译，机器也已经能够识别人们
的指纹甚至面容。
简而言之，这项技术正在改变我们的生活方式。显然，我们正处
于历史的转折点。有了阿尔法围棋这种能够思考并从自身错误中学习
的机器，我们正在向人类与机器的界限越靠越近。问题在于，这一切
将会导致什么？ 人工智能的热烈支持者向我们承诺未来会是美好的，
到那时智能机器人将为人类谋利；但这些毋庸置疑的好处也带来了忧
虑和恐惧。机器真的能够发展出像人类一样的智能吗？ 如果真的可
以，又会发生什么？能够思考的机器是会与人类并肩工作，还是会威
胁人类的生存？如果它们犯了罪甚至谋杀了人类，又该如何惩罚？随
着我们变得越来越依赖于电脑，一些科学家正敦促我们思考人工智能
发展带来的危险。
例如，斯蒂芬·霍金曾警告说：“完全人工智能的发展可能意味着人类
的终结。”
显然，这样的警告需要得到我们的重视。我们需要确保自己不会
沦为人工智能的受害者。我们可能还是会认为，可以整天放松，让自
动化机器为我们完成所有工作，这样的生活很美妙——但也许我们不
该太过贪婪，而应对我们的期待保持谨慎！
文本透析·剖语篇
助力语篇理解
2
第一步：析架构，理文本脉络
Read the passage quickly and fill in the blanks.
第二步：精读文，达明察秋毫
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer.
1. What is the function of the first paragraph？
A. To arouse readers’ imagination of their future lives.
B. To stress the importance of artificial intelligence.
C. To arouse readers’ interest in artificial intelligence.
D. To show the fast development of artificial intelligence.
2. What does “deep learning” of AI refer to？
A. It can enable a machine to create new things.
B. It can enable a machine to learn from its previous actions.
C. It can enable a machine to analyse a modest number of data.
D. It can enable a machine to imitate some simple networks of the human
brain.
3. When did the turning point of AI technology come？
A. In the mid-1950s. B. In the 1940s.
C. In 1997. D. In 2017.
4. What did Stephen Hawking mean by saying “The development of full
artificial intelligence could spell the end of the human race.”？
A. People should be forbidden from using AI.
B. People should be aware of the possible dangers of AI.
C. AI will kill all human beings in the future.
D. AI will bring a bright future to human beings.
5. What can we learn from the passage？
A. Every coin has two sides.
B. Put the cart before the horse.
C. It never rains but pours.
D. It’s no good crying over spilt milk.
第三步：通词句，学语言表达
1. 词汇学习——循规律，记单词
熟词生义：本篇文章中使用了“coin”和“spell”，但在文中并不
是它们通常的意思。请在文中找到这两个单词所在的句子，并写出
它们的意思。





　（1）Years before the term“artificial intelligence”was coined （创
造） in the mid-1950s， the theory had been explored by Alan Turing，
one of the pioneers in the field of computer science.　
　（2）The development of full artificial intelligence could spell （招
致，导致） the end of the human race.　
2. 美句欣赏——赏佳句，品用法
引述：在写作时，引用名人名言可以为作者的观点提供有力的证
据，使其更加可信和有说服力。本篇文章为了表达科学家的担忧就
使用了引述，请找出来背诵并翻译。
原句：


翻译：

Stephen Hawking， for example， warned，“The
development of full artificial intelligence could spell the end of the
human race.”　
例如，斯蒂芬·霍金曾警告说：“完全人工智能的发展可能
意味着人类的终结。”　
第四步：析难句，清阅读障碍
1. It may seem like building castles in the air， but given the rate at which
artificial intelligence， or AI， is being developed， in the future such
dreams may actually come true.
尝试翻译


　也许这看上去像建造空中楼阁一样不切实际，但是考虑到目前人
工智能（AI）的发展速度，将来这样的梦想真的很可能会实现。　
句式分析
2. One of the essential aims of AI is to develop computer intelligence
capable of learning from experience， adjusting to new inputs and
performing tasks like humans.
句式分析


　人工智能的基本目标之一，是开发能够学习过往经验、适应新的
输入内容并且能够像人类一样执行任务的计算机智能。　
尝试翻译
3. To achieve this aim， many approaches to creating true AI have been put
forward， including “deep learning”， which enables a machine to
improve its own performance by learning from the results of its previous
actions.
尝试翻译



　为了实现这个目标，人们提出过许多创造真正的人工智能的方
法，其中包括“深度学习”——这种方法可以让机器通过学习自己
先前的行为结果，来提升自身性能。　
句式分析
4. Then in 2017， a computer program named AlphaGo defeated Ke Jie，
arguably the best human Go player， which demonstrated a significant
advance in deep-learning AI systems.
句式分析
尝试翻译



　之后在 2017年，一个叫做阿尔法围棋的计算机程序打败了可以说
是人类最强的围棋棋手柯洁，这体现了深度学习人工智能系统的一
大显著进展。　
第五步：拓视野，育思维品质
1. What are the similarities and differences between the content of the first
paragraph and the last paragraph？ Why does the author organize his
words in this way？ （Logical Thinking逻辑性思维）






　Both paragraphs mention an imaginary scene of a robot helping
people to do all the work. This sounds fantastic， but after explaining
the potential dangers posed by AI， the author wants to warn us not to
be too greedy about this fantasy. The change of attitudes between the two
paragraphs indicates that we should be critical about the future
development of AI. 　



　The author brings the topic back to the dream of AI at the end of the
article， which echoes what he says at the beginning. This makes
readers think deeper about the main idea of this article.　
2. What do you think intelligent machines will be capable of doing in the
future？ （Creative Thinking创造性思维）








　Intelligent machines will certainly have a lot of influence on our lives
in the future. For example， we might all have an AI machine in our
homes which can tell us whether we have a medical problem and if we
need to go to hospital. It might even take the place of the human doctor
and treat us at home or in hospital. I think an AI machine will look after
our homes for us： It will be able to tell when we are running low on
food or cleaning products， and order them for us based on what we
usually get.　
核心知识·巧突破
探究课堂重点
3
Part Ⅰ　核心词汇集释
to name but a few 略举几例
【教材原句】　Nowadays， AI is already being applied in many fields：
finance， health care， machine translation and art， to name but a few.
如今，人工智能已经应用于许多领域，如金融、医疗保健、机器翻译
和艺术等，不一而足。
【用法】
such as　　　　　　　　例如；诸如
to name a few　　举几个例子
for example　　比如；举例而言
for instance　　例如
take sth for example　　以……为例
give an example　　举例
【佳句】　Activities available include table tennis， basketball and
swimming， to name but a few.
可以参加的活动包括乒乓球、篮球和游泳，略举几例。
Can you give me an example of what you mean？
你能给我举个实例来解释你的意思吗？
【练透】　单句语法填空
①Since that time， we have seen nylon used in the production of tires，
sweaters， shoes， and carpets， （name） but a few.
②The advertising industry， example， often makes use of it.
③We all know how difficult it can be， instance， to ask the boss
for a raise.
to name　
for　
for　
【写美】　完成句子
④Bees， bats and rodents， ， can see what
humans can’t.
略举几例，蜜蜂、蝙蝠和啮齿动物等，它们可以看到人类所看不
到的。
to name but a few　
urge vt.敦促，催促；大力推荐，竭力主张；驱赶，鞭策 n.冲动，强
烈的欲望
【教材原句】　As we become more and more dependent on computers，
some scientists are urging us to think about the dangers posed by the
advances in AI.
随着我们变得越来越依赖于电脑，一些科学家正敦促我们思考人工智
能发展带来的危险。
【用法】
（1）urge sb to do sth/into doing sth　力劝/敦促某人做某事
urge that sb （should） do ...　　竭力主张某人做……
（2）have an urge to do sth　　有做某事的欲望/冲动
（3）urgency n.　　紧急；紧急情况
urgent adj.　　紧急的；迫切的
urgently adv.　　紧急地
【佳句】　“Man overboard！Turn the boat around！” George
urged， shouting loudly.
乔治催促着，大声喊道：“有人落水了！把船头调回去！”
【用准】　urge后接宾语从句时，宾语从句的谓语动词常用虚拟语
气，即“（should＋）动词原形”。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①The vacation is coming and I have an urge （travel）.
②His going to stay in hospital for three months urged me
（visit） him immediately.
③The public is （urgent） requested to assist police in
tracing this man.
④I make an （urge） appeal that measures should be taken to
cope with the situation.
to travel　
to visit　
urgently　
urgent　
【写美】　完成句子
⑤Father urged that I to my English teacher.
父亲竭力主张我应向我的英语老师道歉。
（should） apologize　
pose vt.造成，产生；提问，质询vi.摆好姿势；佯装，冒充，假扮 n.
姿势
【用法】
（1）pose a threat/challenge/danger/risk　造成威胁/挑战/危险/风险
pose a question　　提出问题
pose for ...　　为（画像、摄影等）摆好姿势
pose as sb　　佯装/冒充/假扮某人
（2）in a natural relaxed pose自然放松的姿势
just a pose　　只是装腔作势
be well posed　　摆好了位置
strike a noble pose　　摆出一副高贵的样子
【佳句】　The students posed for a group photograph.
学生们摆好姿势准备拍集体照。
He adopted a relaxed pose for the camera.
他摆了个悠闲的姿势拍照。
【练透】　写出加蓝单词的词性和词义/单句语法填空
①A developing and progressing China does not pose a threat to
anyone.　
②Please allow me to pose a question before class.
③Make a good pose and I will take a photo for you.
④Please sit still while you are posing your photo.
⑤Some criminals would pose one of your friends and cheat you out of
your money.
vt.造成，产生　
vt.提问，质询　
n.姿势　
for　
as　
【写美】　完成句子
⑥This and the food chain.
这会对农业和食物链造成威胁。
poses a threat to agriculture　
warning n.警告，先兆；警戒
【教材原句】　Apparently， such warnings demand our attention.显
然，这样的警告需要得到我们的重视。
【用法】
（1）a warning against ...　警告不要做……
give sb （advance/adequate） warning of sth
　就某事向某人发出 （预先的/足够的）警告
without （any） warning　　毫无预兆
（2）warn vt.　　警告，提醒；通知
warn sb to do sth　　警告某人做某事
warn sb of sth　　提醒某人（可能发生的事）；警告某人某事
warn sb about/against sb/sth　警告某人提防某人/某事
【佳句】　One thorn of experience is worth a whole wilderness of
warning.
一次痛彻心扉的经历，抵得上千百次的告诫。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①Let me give you a word of （warn）.
②He has been warned the danger of driving after wine.
③They were warned not （climb） the mountain in such bad
weather.
④Children must （warn） to stay away from main roads.
warning　
of　
to climb　
be warned　
【写美】　一句多译
⑤医生警告病人不要再吸烟。
→The doctor any longer.
→The doctor any longer.
warned the patient not to smoke　
warned the patient against smoking　
demand vt.需要；强烈要求 n.要求，所需之物；需求，需要
【用法】
（1）demand to do sth　　要求做某事
demand that ... （should） do sth　　要求……做某事
sth demand（s） doing/to be done某事需要……
（2）be in （great） demand　　（迫切）需求
meet/satisfy one’s demands满足某人的需求
（3）demanding adj.要求高的，需要高技能（或耐性等）的；费力的
【佳句】　The letter demands answering at once.
＝The letter demands to be answered at once.
需要立刻回复这封信。
【用准】　demand后通常不接双宾语，表示“向某人要某物”不能用
demand sb sth，要用demand sth of sb。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①As new members are demand in our basketball club， I’m
writing to invite you to join it.
②My father came down and demanded （know） what was
going on.
③Get the technology that has proven to help the most
（demand） customers.
④People there demanded that the injured
（send） to the hospital at once.
in　
to know　
demanding　
（should） be sent　
【写美】　完成句子
⑤The teacher demands that
on time.
这位老师要求学生们准时到校。
the students （should） arrive at school　
recognition n.识别，认出；承认，认可；赞誉，赏识
【教材原句】　Facial recognition technology， with its capacity to
analyse a huge amount of data， has come into widespread use.
人脸识别技术以其对大量数据进行分析的能力，得到了广泛的应用。
【用法】
（1）beyond recognition　　　认不出来，识别不出
（2）recognize v.认出，辨别出；承认；接受，认可；赞赏
recognize sb/sth as/to be ...　承认某人/某物是……
be recognized as ...　　被公认为……
recognize that ...　　承认……
It is recognized that ...　　人们认为……
（3）recognizable adj.　容易认出的；易于识别的
【佳句】　With the development of its economy， the small town has
changed beyond recognition in the last few years.随着经济的发展，这个
小镇在过去的几年里发生了翻天覆地的变化。
【练透】　单句语法填空
① is widely recognized that drug-abuse will cause a huge loss of
both life and wealth.
②Lincoln is generally recognized one of the greatest presidents in
American history.
③This tree is easily （recognize） by its extremely
beautiful silvery bark.
④I haven’t seen Sara since she was a little girl， and she has changed
beyond （recognize）.
It　
as　
recognizable　
recognition　
【写美】　完成句子
⑤I have to .
我不得不承认我的工作中有缺点。
recognize that there are shortcomings in my work　
alternative n.可供选择的事物 adj.可供替代的；非传统的
【教材原句】　It offers a quick and cool alternative to traditional
passwords， and you cannot forget your own face！它为传统密码提供了
一个快捷而且酷的替代品，并且你不能忘记自己的脸！
【用法】
（1）an alternative to （doing） sth　……的替代品；（做）……的另
一种选择
have no alternative but to do sth别无选择只好做某事
have the alternative of doing sth　　有做某事的选择
（2）alternatively adv.　　可供选择地；要不，或者
【佳句】　Solar energy is an alternative to petrol. Moreover， we can
take the bus or alternatively go to work by bike.用太阳能代替汽油。而
且，我们可以乘公共汽车或骑自行车去上班。
【用准】　“别无选择只好做某事”的其他表达形式还有have no
choice but to do sth、 can’t choose ...but do sth、 can’t do sth but to do
sth。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①Natural gas is another abundant fuel that experts consider an
alternative gasoline.
②We could go to the Indian restaurant， or
（alternative）， we could try that new Italian place.
③The Internet also provides us with a cheap alternative
to （communicate） with others.
to　
alternatively　
communicating　
【写美】　同义句转换
④Failure is the mother of success. Sometimes，in order to succeed， we
have no choice but to face failure bravely and learn from it.
→Failure is the mother of success. Sometimes，in order to succeed，
we face failure bravely and learn from it.
have no alternative but to　
break into强行闯入，撬开；突然开始（笑、唱等）；顺利打入
【教材原句】　Moreover， there is growing concern that we might fall
victim to this technology， as there are cases in which hackers have
broken into facial recognition systems by using people’s social media
photos to build models of their faces.
而且，我们越来越担心自己可能会成为这一技术的受害者，因为已有
黑客利用人们社交媒体上的照片来制作脸部模型以侵入脸部识别系统
的案例发生。
【用法】
break into tears/laughter　突然大哭/大笑起来
break in　　打断；闯入
break out　　爆发；突发
break down　　出故障；垮掉；分解
break up　分手；破碎；解散；（学校或学生）放假
break off　　停顿；中断
【佳句】　Next I broke the eggs into a bowl and beat them quickly with
chopsticks.
接下来，我把鸡蛋打到碗里，用筷子快速地搅拌。
【用准】　break in是不及物动词短语，后不跟宾语，不用于被动语
态；break into是及物动词短语，后要接宾语，可用于被动语态。
【练透】　用break短语的适当形式填空
①His bike on his way to school，so he was late for class.
②To our great surprise，he speaking to answer the phone.
③We were having a meeting when suddenly Tom and said
something urgent.
【写美】　完成句子
④A neighbour asked for the music to be turned down and
.
一位邻居要求调小音乐，聚会便散了。
broke down　
broke off　
broke in　
the party
broke up　
Part Ⅱ　重点句型解构
句型公式：感叹句
【教材原句】　How cool that would be！那该有多酷啊！
【用法】
常见的感叹句类型：
（1）How＋形容词/副词＋（主语＋谓语）！
How＋形容词＋a/an＋可数名词单数＋（主语＋谓语）！
（2）What＋a/an＋（形容词）＋可数名词单数＋（主语＋谓语）！
What＋（形容词）＋可数名词复数/不可数名词＋（主语＋谓语）！
【品悟】　How clever a boy his brother is！
＝What a clever boy his brother is！
他弟弟是多么聪明的男孩啊！
【写美】　翻译句子
①工人们正在多么努力地工作啊！（how）

②夏天在河里游泳多快乐呀！（what； it作形式主语）

③听到我们赢得第一名这个消息时，我们多么激动啊！（how；同位
语从句）

How hard the workers are working！　
What great fun it is to swim in the river in summer！　
How excited we were at the news that we won first place！　
句型公式：while引导让步状语从句
【教材原句】　While AI enthusiasts promise us a bright future where
intelligent robots will be working to our advantage， these undoubted
benefits also bring concerns and fears.
人工智能的热烈支持者向我们承诺未来会是美好的，到那时智能机器
人将为人类谋利；但这些毋庸置疑的好处也带来了忧虑和恐惧。
【用法】
（1）while引导让步状语从句，多位于句首，意为“尽管，虽然”。
（2）while引导时间状语从句，从句谓语动词必须用延续性动词，意
为“在……期间”。
（3）while引导条件状语从句，意为“只要”。
（4）while用作并列连词，连接两个并列分句，表示对比或转折，意
为“而，然而”。
【品悟】　While driving near her home， she saw a dog wandering on
the road.
当她开车靠近她家时，她看到一只狗在路上徘徊。
【写美】　完成句子
①We must strike .
我们必须趁热打铁。
② ， he is very strict with them.
虽然他爱他的学生，可是他对他们很严格。
③Some people waste food .
有些人浪费食物，而有些人没有足够的食物。
while the iron is hot　
While he loves his students　
while others haven’t enough　
课时检测·提能力
培育学科素养
4
维度一：品句填词　
根据所给单词的首字母或汉语提示，写出单词的正确形式。
1. The g boy ate up all the food remaining on the table.
2. Figure out who you want to help and build your n around.
Make yourself accessible to them.
3. They are designing a new type of freezer， attempting to satisfy the
customers’ d .
4. The c was originally surrounded by a triple wall， only one of
which remains.
reedy　
etwork　
emands　
astle　
5. If the v are badly injured， it is vital to send them to the
hospital at once.
6. The terrorist （威胁） to kill the hostages （人质），
which put their lives in great danger.
7. The man was found guilty of （谋杀） his roommates，
and was sentenced to death.
8. It is predicted that he will be sentenced to 18 months in prison because
of the （盗窃罪）.
ictims　
threatened　
murdering　
theft　
9. Shortly after suffering from a （巨大的） earthquake and
being reduced to ruins，the city took on a new look.
10. Scientists have made a great （突破） in protecting
personal information in the database.
massive　
breakthrough　
维度二：词形转换
用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
1. I went back to my hometown after 20 years and the city had changed
beyond all （recognize）.
2. This is a （demand） job and a small mistake can make
a great difference.
3. The flood will （threat） the life security of people in the
small village.
recognition　
demanding　
threaten　
4. People were still swimming in the ocean despite the
hurricane （warn）.
5. We must pull our company out of the （finance） crisis as
soon as possible.
6. The hungry man （greedy） ate up all the food that we
had prepared for him.
7. （apparent）， he didn’t want to pay back the money
that he had borrowed from me.
warning　
financial　
greedily　
Apparently　
8. The agency will make travel arrangements for you.
（alternative）， you can organize your own transport.
9. The report has made an objective （analyse） about the
factors that affect the development of the local economy.
10. His business empire collapsed under a （mass） burden
of debt.
Alternatively　
analysis　
massive　
维度三：固定搭配和句式
根据汉语及括号内提示完成下列句子。
1. 我们越来越担心自己可能会成为人工智能的受害者。（fall victim
to）
There is growing concern that we might
.
2. 他的绘画工艺多棒啊！（感叹句）
his painting technique is！
3. 尽管我愿意帮忙，但是我没有多少时间。（while）
， I do not have much time available.
fall victim to artificial
intelligence　
How wonderful　
While I’m willing to help　
4. 考虑到外面在下雨，我们最好待在室内。（given）
it’s raining outside， we’d better stay indoors.
5. 对孩子看电视的时间加以限制是必要的。（it作形式主语）
a limit on the time the children can watch TV.
Given that　
It is necessary to put　
维度四：课文语法填空
阅读课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确
形式。
　　Artificial intelligence， also 1. （know） as machine
intelligence， is a branch of computer science that aims 2.
（create） intelligent machines.It is the development of computers since
the 1940s 3. has made the dream of AI a reality. Since the field of
AI was 4. （official） founded in the mid-1950s， people
have been predicting the rise of intelligent machines.
known　
to create　
that　
officially　
However， not until 1997， 5. Deep Blue， a chess-playing
computer， defeated the world chess champion， 6. AI make a
major breakthrough. In 2017， Ke Jie 7. （beat） by a
computer programme named AlphaGo， marking a significant advance in
deep-learning AI systems. Although intelligent robots 8.
（work）to our advantage someday in the future， we won’t
fall victim to AI. 9. is cool to send a robot to do all the work for us，
but we shouldn’t be too 10. （greed） and rather be careful
what we wish for.
when　
did　
was beaten　
will be
working　
It　
greedy　
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
　　“In 2003， the Human Genome （基因组） Project made history
when it sequenced （测定序列） 92％ of the human genome. But for
nearly twenty years since， scientists have made efforts to translate the
remaining 8％. Now， a team of nearly 100 scientists from the Telomere-
to-Telomere （T2T） Consortium has uncovered the complete human
genome — the first time it’s been sequenced in its entirety，” the
researchers said.
　　“Having this complete information will allow us to better understand
how we form as an individual organism and how we vary not just between
other humans but other species，” Evan Eichler， a Howard Hughes
Medical Institute investigator at the University of Washington and the
research leader， said Thursday.
　　The new research introduces 400 million letters to the previously
sequenced DNA — an entire chromosome’s worth. The full genome will
allow scientists to analyze how DNA differs between people and whether
these genetic variations play a role in disease.
　　The research， published in the journal Science on Thursday， was
previously in preprint， allowing other teams to use the sequence in their
own studies.
　　Until now， it was unclear what these unknown genes coded.
　　“It turns out that these genes are incredibly important for
adaptation，” Eichler said.“They contain immune response genes that
help us to adapt and survive infections and plagues and viruses.They
contain genes that are very important in terms of predicting drug
response.”
　　“For now， it’s still too expensive and time-consuming for everyone
to sequence their own genome. But research is underway that uses this
genome to judge whether certain genetic differences are connected with
specific cancers. Knowing the genetic variations could also allow doctors
to better tailor treatments，” said Michael Schatz， another researcher on
the team and a professor of computer science and biology at Johns Hopkins
University.
　　Charles Rotimi， scientific director of the National Human Genome
Research Institute， said in a statement that this scientific achievement is
“moving us closer to individualized medicine for all humanity”. Rotimi
was not involved in the research.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。科学家团队首次成功测定了最完整
的人类基因组，为遗传变异、疾病研究以及个性化医疗提供了重要
的见解。
本文是一篇说明文。科学家团队首次成功测定了最完整
的人类基因组，为遗传变异、疾病研究以及个性化医疗提供了重要
的见解。
1. What can we say about the human genome？
A. It made history in 2003.
B. It is similar between humans.
C. It has been sequenced completely.
D. It will make us know each other well.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第一段中的Now， a team of nearly 100
scientists ... the complete human genome — the first time it’s been
sequenced in its entirety可知，人类基因组测序已经全部完成。
2. What does the full genome mean to scientists according to the third
paragraph？
A. They may write it in the journal Science.
B. They may use it to survive infections.
C. They can analyze if it functions in illness.
D. They can relate it to a certain disease.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第三段中的The full genome will allow
scientists to analyze how DNA differs between people and whether these
genetic variations play a role in disease.可知，对于科学家们来说，测
定完整的人类基因组可以让他们分析人与人之间的DNA有何区别以
及基因变异在疾病方面是否起作用。
3. How could people benefit from sequencing their own genome？
A. They could succeed in the field of medicine.
B. They might get personalized treatment.
C. They might be closer to great achievement.
D. They could connect gene with cancers.
解析：　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的moving us closer to
individualized medicine可知，对自己的基因组进行测序让我们离个
性化治疗更近一步。B项中的personalized意为“个性化的”。
4. What is the best title for the text？
A. Why Scientists Research the Complete Human Genome
B. The Full Human Genome Benefits Human Beings
C. How Scientists Sequenced the Full Human Genome
D. The Complete Human Genome Was First Uncovered
解析：　标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文首段提出研究结论，
科学家团队首次成功测定了最完整的人类基因组，下文具体说明这
一发现的意义。因此D项（完整的人类基因组首次被揭露）适合作
为本文标题。
B
　　As summer heats up， future homes may cool down， thanks to
coatings of brightly coloured nanocrystals （纳米晶体）.Normal
coatings， such as paint， heat up in the sun. The new crystal films
created by Qingchen Shen’s team get cooler than the air around them when
exposed to sunlight. Shen studies materials science at the University of
Cambridge.
　　This cooling method has a long name： passive daytime radiative
（辐射的） cooling.Shen’s team didn’t invent the process. Other materials
do it too. But until now， only white or mirrored surfaces did this. Such
surfaces reflect a lot of light， keeping that light from heating the surface.
Now， Shen’s team has figured out a way to make colourful passive-
cooling surfaces. “We can produce red， green and blue，” says Shen.
　　“The film has two layers.The top one is crystallized cellulose （纤维
素）， which provides the colour.Different crystal patterns produce
different colours. A different form of cellulose — ethyl cellulose — makes
up the bottom layer.This layer scatters （分散） all the light that leaks
（漏） through the top layer.Both layers help the film release heat into
space. The two-layer approach is what makes this work unique，” says
Lucian Lucia， an expert on biomaterials. “The Cambridge team，” he
says， “achieved a fairly remarkable and simple approach toward
cooling.”
　　The team made the films one layer at a time. First， they dried a
watery mix of ethyl cellulose into thin sheets. Then they spread a thin layer
of cellulose crystals in water atop this， like icing a cake. As that
“icing” dried， its crystals linked up to form the colourful top layer.
Slight variations in crystal shape will produce different patterns — and
colours.
　　Under sunlight， the films cooled to 4 ℃ below the air temperature.
At night， the temperature difference was 9 ℃. Even better， Shen’s team
worked out how to make the films in large amounts， which is very
important for their work， notes Ran Zheng， a researcher studying
materials science. Such large-scale production makes this invention more
likely to get used in real life， he explains. If used to help keep buildings
cool in the summer sun， he notes， these coatings might cut the need for
air conditioning.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。剑桥大学研究人员研发出了一种具
有降温效果的彩色薄膜。
本文是一篇说明文。剑桥大学研究人员研发出了一种具
有降温效果的彩色薄膜。
5. What can be learned about the films developed by Shen’s team？
A. They are unique in their cooling method.
B. They come in different colours.
C. They take in a lot of sunlight.
D. They heat up in the sun.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第二段中的Now， Shen’s team has
figured out ...“We can produce red， green and blue，”says Shen.可
知，Qingchen Shen的团队研发的这种新型薄膜有各种颜色。
6. What is Lucian Lucia’s attitude toward the films？
A. Tolerant. B. Curious.
C. Positive. D. Careful.
解析：　观点态度题。根据第三段最后一句可推知，Lucian Lucia
对该团队研发的薄膜是持肯定态度的。
7. What does Paragraph 4 mainly focus on？
A. How the films are made.
B. How the films release heat.
C. Why the two-layer structure is efficient.
D. Why the two-layer structure has different patterns.
解析：　段落大意题。通读第四段可知，该段主要介绍了这种
薄膜的具体制作过程。段落中的First、Then和As为常见的流程
指示词。
8. What do Ran Zheng’s words tell us about the films？
A. They have been welcomed on the market.
B. Their potential application is uncertain.
C. They are important for his work.
D. Their future is promising.
解析：　推理判断题。根据最后一段中Ran Zheng的话语可知，
Qingchen Shen的团队已经知道如何大量制作这种薄膜，他认为这一
点对该团队的研究工作很重要，使得这项发明更有可能在现实生活
中得到应用。他还指出，如果将这些薄膜用于降低建筑物在夏季的
温度，则可能会减少对空调的需求。由此可推知，Ran Zheng觉得
这种薄膜的未来是充满希望的。
C
　　I’m a grandma in my 60s. In the spring of 2020， like the rest of the
world， I spent a lot of time staring at a screen and that was when I first
got into the YouTube world. I discovered that onscreen offerings were truly
endless. From one YouTuber I learned how to plant my own vegetable
garden. Someone else shared poetry from Robert Frost， wise sayings
from Confucius， and a smattering （一知半解） of other philosophical
viewpoints， all of which helped me through some dark days. Down the
rabbit hole I went， scrolling for hours and hours， watching other people
living their lives and giving me advice on how to live mine.
　　As the months rolled by， YouTube turned my attention away from
the hard reality of what was going on in the world. I subscribed to several
channels and waited anxiously for new weekly offerings. I watched people
reading poetry or painting by streams or looking out windows into snowy
landscapes. I found all this calming and therapeutic. Such lovely scenery，
such beautiful background music， such pretty clothes they were
wearing！
　　At some point though， I got upset by these artistic and seemingly
perfect lives. Who is filming them？ I wondered. Do they rehearse （排
练） or just act on the spot？ Isn’t it cold， stepping through snowbanks
in dresses？ The questions kept bothering me while forcing comparisons to
my own somewhat more ordinary existence. I wanted to walk in a flowing
dress through hilly green pastures （牧场） filled with wildflowers！
Instead， I was marching through my neighbourhood’s city streets in mom
jeans.
　　In a moment of clarity （顿悟）， I realized that I had a full and
happy life， which although it wouldn’t win awards for perfection
onscreen， suited me perfectly. I put my phone away and started paying
attention to my own life， instead of watching other people live theirs. I
still like checking in once in a while. YouTube can be a rich source of
entertainment and inspiration， but I’ve limited my exposure. I am content
with the knowledge that my addiction to life onscreen has been replaced by
life itself.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了YouTube给作者的生
活带来的各种影响。
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了YouTube给作者的生
活带来的各种影响。
9. What can be learned about the author in the spring of 2020？
A. She experienced some hard times.
B. She taught others about gardening.
C. She developed an interest in poetry.
D. She shared her philosophical views online.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第一段中的From one YouTuber I
learned ... all of which helped me through some dark days.可知，作者
在YouTube上学会了如何种植蔬菜，还看到其他人分享的诗歌、孔
子名言以及对其他哲学观点的一知半解，这些经历都帮她度过了当
时的困难时期。
10. What effect did YouTube have on the author according to
Paragraph 2？
A. It made her more anxious.
B. It improved her taste in art.
C. It taught her to accept reality.
D. It brought some comfort to her.
解析：　推理判断题。根据第二段首句以及I found all this
calming and therapeutic.可知，在那几个月里，YouTube让作者
无暇顾及当时残酷的现实；观看别人的视频让她感到平静，得
到了治愈。由此可推知，接触YouTube的这几个月给作者带来
了一些安慰。
11. How did the artistic lives presented on YouTube make the author feel？
A. Disappointed. B. Connected.
C. Envious. D. Proud.
解析：　推理判断题。根据第三段中的At some point though， I
got upset by these artistic and seemingly perfect lives.以及I wanted to
walk in a flowing dress ... city streets in mom jeans.可知，在某一时
刻，这些具有艺术气息、看似完美的生活让作者有些心烦意乱，
她也想穿着飘逸的裙子在牧场里漫步，但却事与愿违。也就是
说，对于这些呈现于YouTube上的生活，作者是感到羡慕的。
12. What has the author decided to do in the end？
A. Stop using her phone.
B. Focus on her own life.
C. Seek inspiration from YouTube.
D. Continue watching other people’s lives.
解析：　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的I put my phone away and
started paying attention to my own life可知，作者选择放下手机，开
始关注自己的生活。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
　　Drone technology is continuously advancing and being put to several
novel uses around the world. Below are several brilliant applications of
drone technology.
　　Shipping and delivery
　　 　13　 Drones could save a lot of manpower and move unnecessary
road traffic to the sky.Besides， they can be used over smaller distances to
deliver small packages， food， letters， medicines， and the like.
　　Disaster management
　　Drones provide a quick means， after a natural or man-made
disaster， to gather information and look for injured victims. 　14　 This
saved resources of manned aircraft.Where larger aircraft would prove
dangerous or inefficient， drones， thanks to their small size， are able to
provide a close-up view of areas.
　　Precision agriculture
　　Farmers are always looking for cheap and effective methods to
regularly monitor their crops. Infrared （红外线的） sensors in drones can
be tuned to detect crop health， enabling farmers to react and improve crop
conditions locally， with inputs of fertilizer or insecticides （杀虫
剂）. 　15　
　　Weather forecasting
　　Drones are being developed to monitor dangerous and unpredictable
weather. 　16　 Therefore， scientists and weather forecasters acquire
new insights into their behavior.Its specialized sensors can be used to detail
weather conditions， collect data， and prevent unfortunate accidents.
　　Wildlife monitoring
　　Drones have helped prevent wildlife crimes. 　17　 With thermal
imaging （热成像） cameras and sensors， drones have the ability to
operate during the night.This enables them to monitor and do research on
wildlife without causing any disturbance， providing insight on their
patterns， behavior， and habitats.
A. They give rescue teams access to a higher field of view.
B. These autonomous flying devices are widely used in photography.
C. This leads to more efficient and productive agricultural operations.
D. The destruction of any of the player’s drones results in the other’s win.
E. They provide effective protection to animals like elephants and big cats.
F. Many major international shipping companies are in favor of drone
delivery.
G. Since they are cheap and unmanned， drones can be sent into
hurricanes and storms.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了无人机技术的几种
应用。
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了无人机技术的几种
应用。
13. F　根据设空处所在段落小标题和下文可知，本段内容与运输有
关，故F项符合语境。F项中的shipping companies和drone delivery分别
与小标题中的Shipping和delivery相呼应。
14. A　设空处前一句指出在灾难发生后，无人机能够快速收集信息，
寻找伤员；设空处后一句说明了这样就节省了有人驾驶飞机所消耗的
资源，A项符合语境。A项中的They指代上文中的Drones，A项中的
rescue teams与设空处前一句中的injured victims相呼应。
15. C　上文介绍了无人机技术能帮助农民监测农作物的健康状况，并
在局部范围内改善作物状况，C项紧承上文，作出进一步说明，符合
语境。C项中的This指代上文说明的情况，C项中的agricultural与小标
题中的agriculture相呼应。
16. G　设空处前一句介绍了无人机可用于监测危险、不可预测的天
气。设空处后一句指出，因此，科学家和天气预报员对它们的行为获
得了新的认识。G项符合语境，与下文构成因果关系。设空处后一句
中的their指代G项中的hurricanes and storms。
17. E　上文说明了无人机能帮助防止野生动物犯罪的发生，下文具体
介绍了无人机是如何监测野生动物的，E项符合语境。E项中的animals
like elephants and big cats与小标题中的Wildlife以及本段中两次出现的
wildlife相呼应。
谢谢观看！Section Ⅰ　Welcome to the unit & Reading
维度一：品句填词
根据所给单词的首字母或汉语提示，写出单词的正确形式。
1.The g　　　　　　 boy ate up all the food remaining on the table.
2.Figure out who you want to help and build your n　　　　　　 around. Make yourself accessible to them.
3.They are designing a new type of freezer， attempting to satisfy the customers’ d　　　　　　.
4.The c　　　　　　 was originally surrounded by a triple wall， only one of which remains.
5.If the v　　　　　　 are badly injured， it is vital to send them to the hospital at once.
6.The terrorist 　　　　　　（威胁） to kill the hostages （人质）， which put their lives in great danger.
7.The man was found guilty of 　　　　　　（谋杀） his roommates， and was sentenced to death.
8.It is predicted that he will be sentenced to 18 months in prison because of the 　　　　　　（盗窃罪）.
9.Shortly after suffering from a 　　　　　　（巨大的） earthquake and being reduced to ruins，the city took on a new look.
10.Scientists have made a great 　　　　　　（突破） in protecting personal information in the database.
维度二：词形转换
用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
1.I went back to my hometown after 20 years and the city had changed beyond all 　　　　　　（recognize）.
2.This is a 　　　　　　（demand） job and a small mistake can make a great difference.
3.The flood will 　　　　　　（threat） the life security of people in the small village.
4.People were still swimming in the ocean despite the hurricane 　　　　　　（warn）.
5.We must pull our company out of the 　　　　（finance） crisis as soon as possible.
6.The hungry man 　　　　　　（greedy） ate up all the food that we had prepared for him.
7.　　　　　　 （apparent）， he didn’t want to pay back the money that he had borrowed from me.
8.The agency will make travel arrangements for you. 　　　　　　（alternative）， you can organize your own transport.
9.The report has made an objective 　　　　　　（analyse） about the factors that affect the development of the local economy.
10.His business empire collapsed under a 　　　　（mass） burden of debt.
维度三：固定搭配和句式
根据汉语及括号内提示完成下列句子。
1.我们越来越担心自己可能会成为人工智能的受害者。（fall victim to）
There is growing concern that we might 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
2.他的绘画工艺多棒啊！（感叹句）
　　　　　　　　 his painting technique is！
3.尽管我愿意帮忙，但是我没有多少时间。（while）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， I do not have much time available.
4.考虑到外面在下雨，我们最好待在室内。（given）
　　　　　　　　 it’s raining outside， we’d better stay indoors.
5.对孩子看电视的时间加以限制是必要的。（it作形式主语）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 a limit on the time the children can watch TV.
维度四：课文语法填空
阅读课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
　　Artificial intelligence， also 1.　　　　　　 （know） as machine intelligence， is a branch of computer science that aims 2.　　　　　　　　 （create） intelligent machines.It is the development of computers since the 1940s 3.　　　　　　 has made the dream of AI a reality. Since the field of AI was 4.　　　　　　 （official） founded in the mid-1950s， people have been predicting the rise of intelligent machines. However， not until 1997， 5.　　　　　　　　 Deep Blue， a chess-playing computer， defeated the world chess champion， 6.　　　　　　 AI make a major breakthrough. In 2017， Ke Jie 7.　　　　　　　　 （beat） by a computer programme named AlphaGo， marking a significant advance in deep-learning AI systems. Although intelligent robots 8.　　　　　　　　　　　　 （work）to our advantage someday in the future， we won’t fall victim to AI. 9.　　　　　 is cool to send a robot to do all the work for us， but we shouldn’t be too 10.　　　　　　 （greed） and rather be careful what we wish for.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
　　“In 2003， the Human Genome （基因组） Project made history when it sequenced （测定序列） 92％ of the human genome. But for nearly twenty years since， scientists have made efforts to translate the remaining 8％. Now， a team of nearly 100 scientists from the Telomere-to-Telomere （T2T） Consortium has uncovered the complete human genome — the first time it’s been sequenced in its entirety，” the researchers said.
　　“Having this complete information will allow us to better understand how we form as an individual organism and how we vary not just between other humans but other species，” Evan Eichler， a Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator at the University of Washington and the research leader， said Thursday.
　　The new research introduces 400 million letters to the previously sequenced DNA — an entire chromosome’s worth. The full genome will allow scientists to analyze how DNA differs between people and whether these genetic variations play a role in disease.
　　The research， published in the journal Science on Thursday， was previously in preprint， allowing other teams to use the sequence in their own studies.
　　Until now， it was unclear what these unknown genes coded.
　　“It turns out that these genes are incredibly important for adaptation，” Eichler said.“They contain immune response genes that help us to adapt and survive infections and plagues and viruses.They contain genes that are very important in terms of predicting drug response.”
　　“For now， it’s still too expensive and time-consuming for everyone to sequence their own genome. But research is underway that uses this genome to judge whether certain genetic differences are connected with specific cancers. Knowing the genetic variations could also allow doctors to better tailor treatments，” said Michael Schatz， another researcher on the team and a professor of computer science and biology at Johns Hopkins University.
　　Charles Rotimi， scientific director of the National Human Genome Research Institute， said in a statement that this scientific achievement is “moving us closer to individualized medicine for all humanity”. Rotimi was not involved in the research.
1.What can we say about the human genome？
A.It made history in 2003.
B.It is similar between humans.
C.It has been sequenced completely.
D.It will make us know each other well.
2.What does the full genome mean to scientists according to the third paragraph？
A.They may write it in the journal Science.
B.They may use it to survive infections.
C.They can analyze if it functions in illness.
D.They can relate it to a certain disease.
3.How could people benefit from sequencing their own genome？
A.They could succeed in the field of medicine.
B.They might get personalized treatment.
C.They might be closer to great achievement.
D.They could connect gene with cancers.
4.What is the best title for the text？
A.Why Scientists Research the Complete Human Genome　
B.The Full Human Genome Benefits Human Beings
C.How Scientists Sequenced the Full Human Genome
D.The Complete Human Genome Was First Uncovered　
B
　　As summer heats up， future homes may cool down， thanks to coatings of brightly coloured nanocrystals （纳米晶体）.Normal coatings， such as paint， heat up in the sun. The new crystal films created by Qingchen Shen’s team get cooler than the air around them when exposed to sunlight. Shen studies materials science at the University of Cambridge.
　　This cooling method has a long name： passive daytime radiative （辐射的） cooling.Shen’s team didn’t invent the process. Other materials do it too. But until now， only white or mirrored surfaces did this. Such surfaces reflect a lot of light， keeping that light from heating the surface. Now， Shen’s team has figured out a way to make colourful passive-cooling surfaces. “We can produce red， green and blue，” says Shen.
　　“The film has two layers.The top one is crystallized cellulose （纤维素）， which provides the colour.Different crystal patterns produce different colours. A different form of cellulose — ethyl cellulose — makes up the bottom layer.This layer scatters （分散） all the light that leaks （漏） through the top layer.Both layers help the film release heat into space. The two-layer approach is what makes this work unique，” says Lucian Lucia， an expert on biomaterials. “The Cambridge team，” he says， “achieved a fairly remarkable and simple approach toward cooling.”
　　The team made the films one layer at a time. First， they dried a watery mix of ethyl cellulose into thin sheets. Then they spread a thin layer of cellulose crystals in water atop this， like icing a cake. As that “icing” dried， its crystals linked up to form the colourful top layer. Slight variations in crystal shape will produce different patterns — and colours.
　　Under sunlight， the films cooled to 4 ℃ below the air temperature. At night， the temperature difference was 9 ℃. Even better， Shen’s team worked out how to make the films in large amounts， which is very important for their work， notes Ran Zheng， a researcher studying materials science. Such large-scale production makes this invention more likely to get used in real life， he explains. If used to help keep buildings cool in the summer sun， he notes， these coatings might cut the need for air conditioning.
5.What can be learned about the films developed by Shen’s team？
A.They are unique in their cooling method.
B.They come in different colours.
C.They take in a lot of sunlight.
D.They heat up in the sun.
6.What is Lucian Lucia’s attitude toward the films？
A.Tolerant. B.Curious.
C.Positive. D.Careful.
7.What does Paragraph 4 mainly focus on？
A.How the films are made.
B.How the films release heat.
C.Why the two-layer structure is efficient.
D.Why the two-layer structure has different patterns.
8.What do Ran Zheng’s words tell us about the films？
A.They have been welcomed on the market.
B.Their potential application is uncertain.
C.They are important for his work.
D.Their future is promising.
C
　　I’m a grandma in my 60s. In the spring of 2020， like the rest of the world， I spent a lot of time staring at a screen and that was when I first got into the YouTube world. I discovered that onscreen offerings were truly endless. From one YouTuber I learned how to plant my own vegetable garden. Someone else shared poetry from Robert Frost， wise sayings from Confucius， and a smattering （一知半解） of other philosophical viewpoints， all of which helped me through some dark days. Down the rabbit hole I went， scrolling for hours and hours， watching other people living their lives and giving me advice on how to live mine.
　　As the months rolled by， YouTube turned my attention away from the hard reality of what was going on in the world. I subscribed to several channels and waited anxiously for new weekly offerings. I watched people reading poetry or painting by streams or looking out windows into snowy landscapes. I found all this calming and therapeutic. Such lovely scenery， such beautiful background music， such pretty clothes they were wearing！
　　At some point though， I got upset by these artistic and seemingly perfect lives. Who is filming them？ I wondered. Do they rehearse （排练） or just act on the spot？ Isn’t it cold， stepping through snowbanks in dresses？ The questions kept bothering me while forcing comparisons to my own somewhat more ordinary existence. I wanted to walk in a flowing dress through hilly green pastures （牧场） filled with wildflowers！ Instead， I was marching through my neighbourhood’s city streets in mom jeans.
　　In a moment of clarity （顿悟）， I realized that I had a full and happy life， which although it wouldn’t win awards for perfection onscreen， suited me perfectly. I put my phone away and started paying attention to my own life， instead of watching other people live theirs. I still like checking in once in a while. YouTube can be a rich source of entertainment and inspiration， but I’ve limited my exposure. I am content with the knowledge that my addiction to life onscreen has been replaced by life itself.
9.What can be learned about the author in the spring of 2020？
A.She experienced some hard times.
B.She taught others about gardening.
C.She developed an interest in poetry.
D.She shared her philosophical views online.
10.What effect did YouTube have on the author according to Paragraph 2？
A.It made her more anxious.
B.It improved her taste in art.
C.It taught her to accept reality.
D.It brought some comfort to her.
11.How did the artistic lives presented on YouTube make the author feel？
A.Disappointed. B.Connected.
C.Envious. D.Proud.
12.What has the author decided to do in the end？
A.Stop using her phone.
B.Focus on her own life.
C.Seek inspiration from YouTube.
D.Continue watching other people’s lives.
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
　　Drone technology is continuously advancing and being put to several novel uses around the world. Below are several brilliant applications of drone technology.
　　Shipping and delivery
　　　13　 Drones could save a lot of manpower and move unnecessary road traffic to the sky.Besides， they can be used over smaller distances to deliver small packages， food， letters， medicines， and the like.
　　Disaster management
　　Drones provide a quick means， after a natural or man-made disaster， to gather information and look for injured victims.　14　 This saved resources of manned aircraft.Where larger aircraft would prove dangerous or inefficient， drones， thanks to their small size， are able to provide a close-up view of areas.
　　Precision agriculture
　　Farmers are always looking for cheap and effective methods to regularly monitor their crops. Infrared （红外线的） sensors in drones can be tuned to detect crop health， enabling farmers to react and improve crop conditions locally， with inputs of fertilizer or insecticides （杀虫剂）.　15　
　　Weather forecasting
　　Drones are being developed to monitor dangerous and unpredictable weather. 　16　 Therefore， scientists and weather forecasters acquire new insights into their behavior.Its specialized sensors can be used to detail weather conditions， collect data， and prevent unfortunate accidents.
　　Wildlife monitoring
　　Drones have helped prevent wildlife crimes. 　17　 With thermal imaging （热成像） cameras and sensors， drones have the ability to operate during the night.This enables them to monitor and do research on wildlife without causing any disturbance， providing insight on their patterns， behavior， and habitats.
A.They give rescue teams access to a higher field of view.
B.These autonomous flying devices are widely used in photography.
C.This leads to more efficient and productive agricultural operations.
D.The destruction of any of the player’s drones results in the other’s win.
E.They provide effective protection to animals like elephants and big cats.
F.Many major international shipping companies are in favor of drone delivery.
G.Since they are cheap and unmanned， drones can be sent into hurricanes and storms.
13.　　　　　　14.　　　　　　15.　　　　
16.　　　 17.　　　
Section Ⅰ　Welcome to the unit & Reading
基础知识自测
维度一
1.greedy　2.network　3.demands　4.castle　5.victims
6.threatened　7.murdering　8.theft　9.massive
10.breakthrough
维度二
1.recognition　2.demanding　3.threaten　4.warning
5.financial　6.greedily　7.Apparently　8.Alternatively
9.analysis　10.massive
维度三
1.fall victim to artificial intelligence
2.How wonderful
3.While I’m willing to help
4.Given that
5.It is necessary to put
维度四
1.known　2.to create　3.that　4.officially　5.when　6.did
7.was beaten　8.will be working　9.It　10.greedy
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。科学家团队首次成功测定了最完整的人类基因组，为遗传变异、疾病研究以及个性化医疗提供了重要的见解。
1.C　细节理解题。根据第一段中的Now， a team of nearly 100 scientists ... the complete human genome — the first time it’s been sequenced in its entirety可知，人类基因组测序已经全部完成。
2.C　细节理解题。根据第三段中的The full genome will allow scientists to analyze how DNA differs between people and whether these genetic variations play a role in disease.可知，对于科学家们来说，测定完整的人类基因组可以让他们分析人与人之间的DNA有何区别以及基因变异在疾病方面是否起作用。
3.B　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的moving us closer to individualized medicine可知，对自己的基因组进行测序让我们离个性化治疗更近一步。B项中的personalized意为“个性化的”。
4.D　标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文首段提出研究结论，科学家团队首次成功测定了最完整的人类基因组，下文具体说明这一发现的意义。因此D项（完整的人类基因组首次被揭露）适合作为本文标题。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。剑桥大学研究人员研发出了一种具有降温效果的彩色薄膜。
5.B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的Now， Shen’s team has figured out ...“We can produce red， green and blue，”says Shen.可知，Qingchen Shen的团队研发的这种新型薄膜有各种颜色。
6.C　观点态度题。根据第三段最后一句可推知，Lucian Lucia对该团队研发的薄膜是持肯定态度的。
7.A　段落大意题。通读第四段可知，该段主要介绍了这种薄膜的具体制作过程。段落中的First、Then和As为常见的流程指示词。
8.D　推理判断题。根据最后一段中Ran Zheng的话语可知，Qingchen Shen的团队已经知道如何大量制作这种薄膜，他认为这一点对该团队的研究工作很重要，使得这项发明更有可能在现实生活中得到应用。他还指出，如果将这些薄膜用于降低建筑物在夏季的温度，则可能会减少对空调的需求。由此可推知，Ran Zheng觉得这种薄膜的未来是充满希望的。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了YouTube给作者的生活带来的各种影响。
9.A　细节理解题。根据第一段中的From one YouTuber I learned ... all of which helped me through some dark days.可知，作者在YouTube上学会了如何种植蔬菜，还看到其他人分享的诗歌、孔子名言以及对其他哲学观点的一知半解，这些经历都帮她度过了当时的困难时期。
10.D　推理判断题。根据第二段首句以及I found all this calming and therapeutic.可知，在那几个月里，YouTube让作者无暇顾及当时残酷的现实；观看别人的视频让她感到平静，得到了治愈。由此可推知，接触YouTube的这几个月给作者带来了一些安慰。
11.C　推理判断题。根据第三段中的At some point though， I got upset by these artistic and seemingly perfect lives.以及I wanted to walk in a flowing dress ... city streets in mom jeans.可知，在某一时刻，这些具有艺术气息、看似完美的生活让作者有些心烦意乱，她也想穿着飘逸的裙子在牧场里漫步，但却事与愿违。也就是说，对于这些呈现于YouTube上的生活，作者是感到羡慕的。
12.B　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的I put my phone away and started paying attention to my own life可知，作者选择放下手机，开始关注自己的生活。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了无人机技术的几种应用。
13.F　根据设空处所在段落小标题和下文可知，本段内容与运输有关，故F项符合语境。F项中的shipping companies和drone delivery分别与小标题中的Shipping和delivery相呼应。
14.A　设空处前一句指出在灾难发生后，无人机能够快速收集信息，寻找伤员；设空处后一句说明了这样就节省了有人驾驶飞机所消耗的资源，A项符合语境。A项中的They指代上文中的Drones，A项中的rescue teams与设空处前一句中的injured victims相呼应。
15.C　上文介绍了无人机技术能帮助农民监测农作物的健康状况，并在局部范围内改善作物状况，C项紧承上文，作出进一步说明，符合语境。C项中的This指代上文说明的情况，C项中的agricultural与小标题中的agriculture相呼应。
16.G　设空处前一句介绍了无人机可用于监测危险、不可预测的天气。设空处后一句指出，因此，科学家和天气预报员对它们的行为获得了新的认识。G项符合语境，与下文构成因果关系。设空处后一句中的their指代G项中的hurricanes and storms。
17.E　上文说明了无人机能帮助防止野生动物犯罪的发生，下文具体介绍了无人机是如何监测野生动物的，E项符合语境。E项中的animals like elephants and big cats与小标题中的Wildlife以及本段中两次出现的wildlife相呼应。
6 / 6Section Ⅰ　Welcome to the unit & Reading
Artificial intelligence： friendly or frightening？
　　Imagine waking up one morning with the option① of staying in bed and pressing a button to send a robot to do all the work for you. [1]How cool that would be！ [2]It may seem like building castles② in the air， but given③ the rate at which artificial intelligence， or AI， is being developed， in the future such dreams may actually come true④.
　　[1]本句为How引导的感叹句，其结构是“How＋adj./adv.＋主语＋谓语！”。
[2]本句是but连接的并列复合句。后一个分句中，given引导条件状语从句；at which ...developed是“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句，修饰先行词rate。
　　At the basic level， artificial intelligence is a branch of computer science that aims to create intelligent machines⑤.[3]One of the essential aims of AI is to develop computer intelligence capable of⑥ learning from experience， adjusting to new inputs⑦ and performing tasks like humans. [4]To achieve this aim， many approaches to creating true AI have been put forward⑧， including “deep learning”， which enables a machine to improve its own performance by learning from the results of its previous actions. [5]Deep-learning AI has the capacity⑨ to analyse⑩ massive amounts of data through multiple layers， imitating the complex networks of the human brain.
　　[3]动词不定式短语to develop ... like humans作表语，其中形容词短语capable of learning from experience， adjusting to new inputs and performing tasks like humans作后置定语，修饰computer intelligence；三个动词-ing短语learning from ...， adjusting to ...和performing ...作介词of的宾语。
[4]动词不定式短语To achieve this aim作目的状语；which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词deep learning。
[5]动词不定式短语to analyse ...layers作后置定语，修饰名词capacity。动词-ing 短语imitating ... brain作状语。
　　The dream of AI has been around for centuries， and the development of computers since the 1940s has finally made it a reality. [6]Years before the term “artificial intelligence” was coined in the mid-1950s ， the theory had been explored by Alan Turing， one of the pioneers in the field of computer science. However， for a long time， AI technology developed very slowly. A major breakthrough in AI came in 1997， when Deep Blue， a chess-playing computer， beat the world chess champion Garry Kasparov. [7]Then in 2017， a computer program named AlphaGo defeated Ke Jie， arguably the best human Go player， which demonstrated a significant advance in deep-learning AI systems.
　　[6]句中before引导时间状语从句；名词短语one of the pioneers in the field of computer science作Alan Turing的同位语。
[7]动词-ed短语named AlphaGo作后置定语，修饰a computer program；which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰整个主句。
　　Nowadays， AI is already being applied in many fields： finance ， health care， machine translation and art， to name but a few . From autonomous vehicles to domestic robots， from recommendation systems to computers writing novels， AI has an unlimited number of applications. Ordinary people are now using AI to get instant translations of text in foreign languages， and machines can recognize fingerprints and even faces.
　　In short ， this technology is transforming the way we live.[8]It is clear that we are at a turning point in history. With machines like AlphaGo now capable of thinking and learning from their mistakes， we are getting closer to the dividing line between humans and machines. The question is， where will all this lead？ [9]While AI enthusiasts promise us a bright future where intelligent robots will be working to our advantage ， these undoubted benefits also bring concerns and fears. Could machines really develop human-like intelligence？ And what would happen if they did？ Would thinking machines work alongside humans or threaten the existence of humans？ How would they be punished if they committed crimes or even murdered humans？ As we become more and more dependent on computers， some scientists are urging us to think about the dangers posed by the advances in AI. Stephen Hawking， for example， warned， “The development of full artificial intelligence could spell the end of the human race.”
　　Apparently ， such warnings demand our attention. We need to make sure that we will not fall victim to AI.[10]We may still think it would be fantastic to relax all day and allow autonomous machines to do all the work for us — but perhaps we should not be too greedy and rather be careful what we wish for！
　　[8]句中It作形式主语，that引导的主语从句作真正的主语。
[9]句中While（尽管）引导让步状语从句，从句中含有一个where引导的定语从句，修饰先行词a bright future。
[10]but连接的分句中，what we wish for是一个宾语从句。
【读文清障】
①option n.选项；选择；选择权；可选择的事物
with the option of
可以选择……
have no option/choice but to do sth 别无选择只有做某事
②castle n.城堡
（build） castles in the air
（建）空中楼阁，幻想，空想
③given prep.考虑到；鉴于
（＝considering）
given/considering that ...
考虑到……；鉴于……（用作状语）
④come true实现；（预言等）成事实
⑤create intelligent machines
研发智能机器
⑥capable of可以……的；能……的；易……的；（人）敢于……的
（be） capable of doing sth有能力做某事
⑦input n.输入的信息；投入
vt.（input， input）输入（信息）
⑧put forward提出（计划、建议）
⑨capacity n.领悟（或理解、办事）能力；容量，容积；职位，职责；生产量
have the capacity to do sth
能够做某事，有能力做某事
⑩analyse vt.分析
massive adj.巨大的，大而重的；非常严重的
network n.网络，网状系统；关系网，人际网；（互联）网络
coin vt.创造（新词语）
in the mid-1950s
在20世纪50年代中期
breakthrough n.重大进展，突破 adj.突破性的
finance n.财政，金融；资金；财力，财务管理 vt.提供资金
financial adj.财政的，金融的；财务的；有钱的
to name but a few略举几例
autonomous adj.自主的，有自主权的；自治的
autonomous vehicles 自动驾驶汽车
domestic adj.家庭的，家用的；本国的，国内的
domestic robots家用机器人
get instant translations of text获取文本的即时翻译
in short简言之；总之
to one’s advantage对某人有利
threaten vt.危及，对……构成威胁；威胁，恐吓
commit vt.犯（罪）；承诺，保证；花（钱或时间） vi.全心全意投入，忠于
crime n.罪，罪行；犯罪活动
murder vt.& n.谋杀，凶杀
urge vt.敦促，催促；大力推荐，竭力主张；驱赶，鞭策 n.冲动，强烈的欲望
pose vt.造成，产生；提问，质询vi.摆好姿势n.姿势
pose a threat/challenge/danger构成威胁/挑战/危险
spell vt.意味着，招致（常常是不愉快的结果）
spell the end of the human race意味着人类的终结
apparently adv.显然，可见
warning n.警告，先兆；警戒
demand vt.需要；强烈要求
n.要求，所需之物；需求，需要
victim n.受害者，牺牲品；受骗者；祭品
fall victim to受伤，受损，被害
greedy adj.贪心的，贪婪的
【参考译文】
人工智能：是敌是友？
想象一下，某天早上你醒来，可以选择继续躺在床上，按下一个按钮，就能召来一台机器人为你处理所有的工作。那该有多酷啊！也许这看上去像建造空中楼阁一样不切实际，但是考虑到目前人工智能 （AI）的发展速度，将来这样的梦想真的很可能会实现。
从基础层面上讲，人工智能是计算机科学的一个分支学科，其目标是研发智能机器。人工智能的基本目标之一，是开发能够学习过往经验、适应新的输入内容并且能够像人类一样执行任务的计算机智能。为了实现这个目标，人们提出过许多创造真正的人工智能的方法，其中包括“深度学习”——这种方法可以让机器通过学习自己先前的行为结果，来提升自身性能。深度学习人工智能拥有从多个层次分析海量信息的能力，它模拟的是人脑的复杂网络结构。
人工智能的梦想已经存在了几个世纪，而 20世纪40年代以来计算机的发展，终于让这个梦想成为现实。“人工智能”这个词在20 世纪50 年代中期被创造出来的许多年前，计算机科学领域的先驱之一艾伦·图灵就已探索了这一理论。然而在很长一段时间里，人工智能技术发展得相当缓慢。1997年，人工智能发展有了一个重大突破，当时一台名叫深蓝的国际象棋计算机打败了国际象棋世界冠军加里·卡斯帕罗夫。之后在 2017年，一个叫做阿尔法围棋的计算机程序打败了可以说是人类最强的围棋棋手柯洁，这体现了深度学习人工智能系统的一大显著进展。
　　如今，人工智能已经应用于许多领域，如金融、医疗保健、机器翻译和艺术等，不一而足。从自动驾驶车辆到家用机器人，从推荐系统到撰写小说的电脑，人工智能有着不计其数的应用。普通人现在能够使用人工智能获取外语文本的即时翻译，机器也已经能够识别人们的指纹甚至面容。
简而言之，这项技术正在改变我们的生活方式。显然，我们正处于历史的转折点。有了阿尔法围棋这种能够思考并从自身错误中学习的机器，我们正在向人类与机器的界限越靠越近。问题在于，这一切将会导致什么？ 人工智能的热烈支持者向我们承诺未来会是美好的，到那时智能机器人将为人类谋利；但这些毋庸置疑的好处也带来了忧虑和恐惧。机器真的能够发展出像人类一样的智能吗？ 如果真的可以，又会发生什么？能够思考的机器是会与人类并肩工作，还是会威胁人类的生存？如果它们犯了罪甚至谋杀了人类，又该如何惩罚？随着我们变得越来越依赖于电脑，一些科学家正敦促我们思考人工智能发展带来的危险。例如，斯蒂芬·霍金曾警告说：“完全人工智能的发展可能意味着人类的终结。”
显然，这样的警告需要得到我们的重视。我们需要确保自己不会沦为人工智能的受害者。我们可能还是会认为，可以整天放松，让自动化机器为我们完成所有工作，这样的生活很美妙——但也许我们不该太过贪婪，而应对我们的期待保持谨慎！
第一步：析架构，理文本脉络
Read the passage quickly and fill in the blanks.
　
第二步：精读文，达明察秋毫
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer.
1.What is the function of the first paragraph？
A.To arouse readers’ imagination of their future lives.
B.To stress the importance of artificial intelligence.
C.To arouse readers’ interest in artificial intelligence.
D.To show the fast development of artificial intelligence.
2.What does “deep learning” of AI refer to？
A.It can enable a machine to create new things.
B.It can enable a machine to learn from its previous actions.
C.It can enable a machine to analyse a modest number of data.
D.It can enable a machine to imitate some simple networks of the human brain.
3.When did the turning point of AI technology come？
A.In the mid-1950s. 　　 B.In the 1940s.
C.In 1997. D.In 2017.
4.What did Stephen Hawking mean by saying “The development of full artificial intelligence could spell the end of the human race.”？
A.People should be forbidden from using AI.
B.People should be aware of the possible dangers of AI.
C.AI will kill all human beings in the future.
D.AI will bring a bright future to human beings.
5.What can we learn from the passage？
A.Every coin has two sides.
B.Put the cart before the horse.
C.It never rains but pours.
D.It’s no good crying over spilt milk.
第三步：通词句，学语言表达
1.词汇学习——循规律，记单词
熟词生义：本篇文章中使用了“coin”和“spell”，但在文中并不是它们通常的意思。请在文中找到这两个单词所在的句子，并写出它们的意思。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
2.美句欣赏——赏佳句，品用法
引述：在写作时，引用名人名言可以为作者的观点提供有力的证据，使其更加可信和有说服力。本篇文章为了表达科学家的担忧就使用了引述，请找出来背诵并翻译。
原句：　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
翻译：　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
第四步：析难句，清阅读障碍
1.It may seem like building castles in the air， but given the rate at which artificial intelligence， or AI， is being developed， in the future such dreams may actually come true.
句式分析
尝试翻译
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
2.One of the essential aims of AI is to develop computer intelligence capable of learning from experience， adjusting to new inputs and performing tasks like humans.
句式分析
尝试翻译
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
3.To achieve this aim， many approaches to creating true AI have been put forward， including “deep learning”， which enables a machine to improve its own performance by learning from the results of its previous actions.
句式分析
尝试翻译
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
4.Then in 2017， a computer program named AlphaGo defeated Ke Jie， arguably the best human Go player， which demonstrated a significant advance in deep-learning AI systems.
句式分析
尝试翻译
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
第五步：拓视野，育思维品质
1.What are the similarities and differences between the content of the first paragraph and the last paragraph？ Why does the author organize his words in this way？ （Logical Thinking逻辑性思维）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
2.What do you think intelligent machines will be capable of doing in the future？ （Creative Thinking创造性思维）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Part Ⅰ　核心词汇集释
to name but a few 略举几例
【教材原句】　Nowadays， AI is already being applied in many fields： finance， health care， machine translation and art， to name but a few.
如今，人工智能已经应用于许多领域，如金融、医疗保健、机器翻译和艺术等，不一而足。
【用法】
such as　　　　　　　　例如；诸如
to name a few 举几个例子
for example 比如；举例而言
for instance 例如
take sth for example 以……为例
give an example 举例
【佳句】　Activities available include table tennis， basketball and swimming， to name but a few.
可以参加的活动包括乒乓球、篮球和游泳，略举几例。
Can you give me an example of what you mean？
你能给我举个实例来解释你的意思吗？
【练透】　单句语法填空
①Since that time， we have seen nylon used in the production of tires， sweaters， shoes， and carpets， 　　　　　　　　　（name） but a few.
②The advertising industry， 　　　　　　example， often makes use of it.
③We all know how difficult it can be， 　　　　　　instance， to ask the boss for a raise.
【写美】　完成句子
④Bees， bats and rodents， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， can see what humans can’t.
略举几例，蜜蜂、蝙蝠和啮齿动物等，它们可以看到人类所看不到的。
urge vt.敦促，催促；大力推荐，竭力主张；驱赶，鞭策 n.冲动，强烈的欲望
【教材原句】　As we become more and more dependent on computers， some scientists are urging us to think about the dangers posed by the advances in AI.
随着我们变得越来越依赖于电脑，一些科学家正敦促我们思考人工智能发展带来的危险。
【用法】
（1）urge sb to do sth/into doing sth力劝/敦促某人做某事
urge that sb （should） do ... 竭力主张某人做……
（2）have an urge to do sth 有做某事的欲望/冲动
（3）urgency n. 紧急；紧急情况
urgent adj. 紧急的；迫切的
urgently adv. 紧急地
【佳句】　“Man overboard！Turn the boat around！” George urged， shouting loudly.
乔治催促着，大声喊道：“有人落水了！把船头调回去！”
【用准】　urge后接宾语从句时，宾语从句的谓语动词常用虚拟语气，即“（should＋）动词原形”。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①The vacation is coming and I have an urge 　　　　　　　　（travel）.
②His going to stay in hospital for three months urged me 　　　　　　　　（visit） him immediately.
③The public is 　　　　　　（urgent） requested to assist police in tracing this man.
④I make an 　　　　　　（urge） appeal that measures should be taken to cope with the situation.
【写美】　完成句子
⑤Father urged that I 　　　　　　to my English teacher.
父亲竭力主张我应向我的英语老师道歉。
pose vt.造成，产生；提问，质询vi.摆好姿势；佯装，冒充，假扮 n.姿势
【用法】
（1）pose a threat/challenge/danger/risk造成威胁/挑战/危险/风险
pose a question 提出问题
pose for ... 为（画像、摄影等）摆好姿势
pose as sb 佯装/冒充/假扮某人
（2）in a natural relaxed pose自然放松的姿势
just a pose 只是装腔作势
be well posed 摆好了位置
strike a noble pose 　摆出一副高贵的样子
【佳句】　The students posed for a group photograph.
学生们摆好姿势准备拍集体照。
He adopted a relaxed pose for the camera.
他摆了个悠闲的姿势拍照。
【练透】　写出加黑单词的词性和词义/单句语法填空
①A developing and progressing China does not pose a threat to anyone. 　　　　　
②Please allow me to pose a question before class. 　　　　　
③Make a good pose and I will take a photo for you. 　　　　　
④Please sit still while you are posing 　　　　　　your photo.
⑤Some criminals would pose 　　　　　one of your friends and cheat you out of your money.
【写美】　完成句子
⑥This 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　and the food chain.
这会对农业和食物链造成威胁。
warning n.警告，先兆；警戒
【教材原句】　Apparently， such warnings demand our attention.
显然，这样的警告需要得到我们的重视。
【用法】
（1）a warning against ...　警告不要做……
give sb （advance/adequate） warning of sth就某事向某人发出 （预先的/足够的）警告
without （any） warning 毫无预兆
（2）warn vt. 警告，提醒；通知
warn sb to do sth 警告某人做某事
warn sb of sth提醒某人（可能发生的事）；警告某人某事
warn sb about/against sb/sth 警告某人提防某人/某事
【佳句】　One thorn of experience is worth a whole wilderness of warning.
一次痛彻心扉的经历，抵得上千百次的告诫。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①Let me give you a word of 　 　　（warn）.
②He has been warned 　　　　　　the danger of driving after wine.
③They were warned not 　　　　　　　　（climb） the mountain in such bad weather.
④Children must 　　　　　　　　（warn） to stay away from main roads.
【写美】　一句多译
⑤医生警告病人不要再吸烟。
→The doctor 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　any longer.
→The doctor 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　any longer.
demand vt.需要；强烈要求 n.要求，所需之物；需求，需要
【用法】
（1）demand to do sth　　要求做某事
demand that ... （should） do sth 要求……做某事
sth demand（s） doing/to be done 某事需要……
（2）be in （great） demand （迫切）需求
meet/satisfy one’s demands满足某人的需求
（3）demanding adj. 要求高的，需要高技能（或耐性等）的；费力的
【佳句】　The letter demands answering at once.
＝The letter demands to be answered at once.
需要立刻回复这封信。
【用准】　demand后通常不接双宾语，表示“向某人要某物”不能用demand sb sth，要用demand sth of sb。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①As new members are 　　　　　　demand in our basketball club， I’m writing to invite you to join it.
②My father came down and demanded 　　　　　　　　（know） what was going on.
③Get the technology that has proven to help the most 　　　　　　　　　（demand） customers.
④People there demanded that the injured 　　　　　　　　　　　　（send） to the hospital at once.
【写美】　完成句子
⑤The teacher demands that 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　on time.
这位老师要求学生们准时到校。
recognition n.识别，认出；承认，认可；赞誉，赏识
【教材原句】　Facial recognition technology， with its capacity to analyse a huge amount of data， has come into widespread use.
人脸识别技术以其对大量数据进行分析的能力，得到了广泛的应用。
【用法】
（1）beyond recognition　认不出来，识别不出
（2）recognize v. 认出，辨别出；承认；接受，认可；赞赏
recognize sb/sth as/to be ... 承认某人/某物是……
be recognized as ... 被公认为……
recognize that ... 承认……
It is recognized that ...　人们认为……
（3）recognizable adj.容易认出的；易于识别的
【佳句】　With the development of its economy， the small town has changed beyond recognition in the last few years.
随着经济的发展，这个小镇在过去的几年里发生了翻天覆地的变化。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①　　　　　　 is widely recognized that drug-abuse will cause a huge loss of both life and wealth.
②Lincoln is generally recognized 　　　　　one of the greatest presidents in American history.
③This tree is easily 　　　　　　（recognize） by its extremely beautiful silvery bark.
④I haven’t seen Sara since she was a little girl， and she has changed beyond 　　　　　（recognize）.
【写美】　完成句子
⑤I have to 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
我不得不承认我的工作中有缺点。
alternative n.可供选择的事物 adj.可供替代的；非传统的
【教材原句】　It offers a quick and cool alternative to traditional passwords， and you cannot forget your own face！它为传统密码提供了一个快捷而且酷的替代品，并且你不能忘记自己的脸！
【用法】
（1）an alternative to （doing） sth ……的替代品；（做）……的另一种选择
have no alternative but to do sth别无选择只好做某事
have the alternative of doing sth 有做某事的选择
（2）alternatively adv. 可供选择地；要不，或者
【佳句】　Solar energy is an alternative to petrol. Moreover， we can take the bus or alternatively go to work by bike.
用太阳能代替汽油。而且，我们可以乘公共汽车或骑自行车去上班。
【用准】　“别无选择只好做某事”的其他表达形式还有have no choice but to do sth、 can’t choose ...but do sth、 can’t do sth but to do sth。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①Natural gas is another abundant fuel that experts consider an alternative 　　　　　　gasoline.
②We could go to the Indian restaurant， or 　　　　　　（alternative）， we could try that new Italian place.
③The Internet also provides us with a cheap alternative to 　　　　　（communicate） with others.
【写美】　同义句转换
④Failure is the mother of success. Sometimes， in order to succeed， we have no choice but to face failure bravely and learn from it.
→Failure is the mother of success. Sometimes， in order to succeed， we 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　face failure bravely and learn from it.
break into强行闯入，撬开；突然开始（笑、唱等）；顺利打入
【教材原句】　Moreover， there is growing concern that we might fall victim to this technology， as there are cases in which hackers have broken into facial recognition systems by using people’s social media photos to build models of their faces.
而且，我们越来越担心自己可能会成为这一技术的受害者，因为已有黑客利用人们社交媒体上的照片来制作脸部模型以侵入脸部识别系统的案例发生。
【用法】
break into tears/laughter　突然大哭/大笑起来
break in 打断；闯入
break out 爆发；突发
break down 出故障；垮掉；分解
break up 分手；破碎；解散；（学校或学生）放假
break off 停顿；中断
【佳句】　Next I broke the eggs into a bowl and beat them quickly with chopsticks.
接下来，我把鸡蛋打到碗里，用筷子快速地搅拌。
【用准】　break in是不及物动词短语，后不跟宾语，不用于被动语态；break into是及物动词短语，后要接宾语，可用于被动语态。
【练透】　用break短语的适当形式填空
①His bike 　　　　　　　　on his way to school，so he was late for class.
②To our great surprise，he 　　　　　　　　speaking to answer the phone.
③We were having a meeting when suddenly Tom 　　　　　　　　and said something urgent.
【写美】　完成句子
④A neighbour asked for the music to be turned down and 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
一位邻居要求调小音乐，聚会便散了。
Part Ⅱ　重点句型解构
句型公式：感叹句
【教材原句】　How cool that would be！那该有多酷啊！
【用法】
常见的感叹句类型：
（1）How＋形容词/副词＋（主语＋谓语）！
How＋形容词＋a/an＋可数名词单数＋（主语＋谓语）！
（2）What＋a/an＋（形容词）＋可数名词单数＋（主语＋谓语）！
What＋（形容词）＋可数名词复数/不可数名词＋（主语＋谓语）！
【品悟】　How clever a boy his brother is！
＝What a clever boy his brother is！
他弟弟是多么聪明的男孩啊！
【写美】　翻译句子
①工人们正在多么努力地工作啊！（how）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
②夏天在河里游泳多快乐呀！（what； it作形式主语）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
③听到我们赢得第一名这个消息时，我们多么激动啊！（how；同位语从句）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
句型公式：while引导让步状语从句
【教材原句】　While AI enthusiasts promise us a bright future where intelligent robots will be working to our advantage， these undoubted benefits also bring concerns and fears.
人工智能的热烈支持者向我们承诺未来会是美好的，到那时智能机器人将为人类谋利；但这些毋庸置疑的好处也带来了忧虑和恐惧。
【用法】
（1）while引导让步状语从句，多位于句首，意为“尽管，虽然”。
（2）while引导时间状语从句，从句谓语动词必须用延续性动词，意为“在……期间”。
（3）while引导条件状语从句，意为“只要”。
（4）while用作并列连词，连接两个并列分句，表示对比或转折，意为“而，然而”。
【品悟】　While driving near her home， she saw a dog wandering on the road.
当她开车靠近她家时，她看到一只狗在路上徘徊。
【写美】　完成句子
①We must strike 　　　　　　　　　　　.
我们必须趁热打铁。
②　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， he is very strict with them.
虽然他爱他的学生，可是他对他们很严格。
③Some people waste food 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
有些人浪费食物，而有些人没有足够的食物。
Section Ⅰ　Welcome to the unit & Reading
【文本透析·剖语篇】
第一步
1.come true　2.imitating　3.breakthroughs　4.being applied　5.fears　6.victim
第二步
1～5　CBCBA
第三步
1.（1）Years before the term“artificial intelligence”was coined （创造） in the mid-1950s， the theory had been explored by Alan Turing， one of the pioneers in the field of computer science.
（2）The development of full artificial intelligence could spell （招致，导致） the end of the human race.
2.原句：Stephen Hawking， for example， warned，“The development of full artificial intelligence could spell the end of the human race.”
翻译：例如，斯蒂芬·霍金曾警告说：“完全人工智能的发展可能意味着人类的终结。”
第四步
1.也许这看上去像建造空中楼阁一样不切实际，但是考虑到目前人工智能（AI）的发展速度，将来这样的梦想真的很可能会实现。
2.人工智能的基本目标之一，是开发能够学习过往经验、适应新的输入内容并且能够像人类一样执行任务的计算机智能。
3.为了实现这个目标，人们提出过许多创造真正的人工智能的方法，其中包括“深度学习”——这种方法可以让机器通过学习自己先前的行为结果，来提升自身性能。
4.之后在 2017年，一个叫做阿尔法围棋的计算机程序打败了可以说是人类最强的围棋棋手柯洁，这体现了深度学习人工智能系统的一大显著进展。
第五步
1.Both paragraphs mention an imaginary scene of a robot helping people to do all the work. This sounds fantastic， but after explaining the potential dangers posed by AI， the author wants to warn us not to be too greedy about this fantasy. The change of attitudes between the two paragraphs indicates that we should be critical about the future development of AI.
The author brings the topic back to the dream of AI at the end of the article， which echoes what he says at the beginning. This makes readers think deeper about the main idea of this article.
2.Intelligent machines will certainly have a lot of influence on our lives in the future. For example， we might all have an AI machine in our homes which can tell us whether we have a medical problem and if we need to go to hospital. It might even take the place of the human doctor and treat us at home or in hospital. I think an AI machine will look after our homes for us： It will be able to tell when we are running low on food or cleaning products， and order them for us based on what we usually get.
【核心知识·巧突破】
Part Ⅰ
1.①to name　②for　③for　④to name but a few
2.①to travel　②to visit　③urgently　④urgent
⑤（should） apologize
3.①vt.造成，产生　②vt.提问，质询　③n.姿势　④for
⑤as　⑥poses a threat to agriculture
4.①warning　②of　③to climb　④be warned
⑤warned the patient not to smoke； warned the patient against smoking
5.①in　②to know　③demanding　④（should） be sent
⑤the students （should） arrive at school
6.①It　②as　③recognizable　④recognition
⑤recognize that there are shortcomings in my work
7.①to　②alternatively　③communicating
④have no alternative but to
8.①broke down　②broke off　③broke in　④the party broke up
Part Ⅱ
1.①How hard the workers are working！
②What great fun it is to swim in the river in summer！
③How excited we were at the news that we won first place！
2.①while the iron is hot　②While he loves his students
③while others haven’t enough
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