资源简介

单元质量检测（一）　ART
（满分150分，时间120分钟）
第一部分　听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.Who won first place in the contest？（　　）
A.John.　 B.Linda.　 C.Jim.
2.Why does the woman want to go shopping？（　　）
A.To pick a gift for Tom.
B.To buy a toy for herself.
C.To meet Tom in the supermarket.
3.What is the weather like now？（　　）
A.Sunny. B.Windy. C.Rainy.
4.What are the speakers talking about？（　　）
A.Their dreams. B.Their interests. C.Their present jobs.
5.Why will Bob go to Mrs Wang’s office？（　　）
A.To see a doctor. B.To ask for sick leave. C.To hand in his report.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6.Where did the woman get the book？（　　）
A.From the classroom. B.From a bookstore. C.From the school library.
7.What does the woman probably think of the book？（　　）
A.Boring. B.Funny. C.Difficult.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8.What is the woman suffering from？（　　）
A.A fever. B.A cough. C.A headache.
9.What’s the probable relationship between the speakers？（　　）
A.Colleagues. B.Husband and wife. C.Doctor and patient.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10.What does the man say about the little girl？（　　）
A.She wears a red dress. B.She wears pink shoes. C.She has golden hair.
11.What was her mother doing when the girl was lost？（　　）
A.Picking peaches on a tree. B.Answering a call. C.Paying for fruit.
12.Where does the conversation probably take place？（　　）
A.At home. B.On the street. C.At the police station.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13.Where does Jason often go these days？（　　）
A.Middle schools. B.High schools. C.Colleges.
14.Why does the girl want to go to a mixed school？（　　）
A.She wants to study with Jason.
B.She can make more friends there.
C.She thinks it beneficial to deal with boys.
15.What does Jason advise the girl to do？（　　）
A.Talk with her mother. B.Make a decision by herself. C.Follow her mother’s advice.
16.What’s the relationship between the speakers？（　　）
A.Neighbours. B.School friends. C.Father and daughter.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17.What does the speaker like doing in the morning？（　　）
A.Preparing breakfast. B.Running for a while. C.Doing morning reading.
18.How does the speaker usually go to college？（　　）
A.On foot. B.By bus. C.By bike.
19.How long does the speaker usually sleep every night？（　　）
A.For seven hours. B.For eight hours. C.For seven and a half hours.
20.What does the speaker often do in his spare time？（　　）
A.He often takes part in interest clubs.
B.He often goes out with his friends.
C.He often watches sports matches.
第二部分　阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Your hero could be a CNN Hero！
They’re your friends， your colleagues， your family members， or maybe someone you read about.
　　They are CNN Heroes， each of whom shows how one person can truly make a difference.
　　Again this year， CNN encourages you to tell us about these everyday people changing the world — by nominating （提名） them at . Taking a few minutes to share their story with us could propel them to worldwide recognition. We will select Top 10 CNN Heroes of 2024， each of whom will receive a $10，000 prize.
　　It’s easy to nominate the person whose work you admire. But a thoughtful， well-written nomination is essential to help yours stand out from the thousands we receive. Here are some suggestions we hope will help you in crafting your nomination for consideration as a 2024 CNN Hero.
　　·You don’t have to personally know the individual you nominate.
　　·Think about what makes your hero special. Ask yourself： What makes my nominee unique？ What specific accomplishment has he or she achieved that is truly remarkable？ What impact has his or her work had on others？
　　· Take a look at our nomination form. We suggest you review the information requested about yourself， your nominee and his or her work before filling out your submission.
　　·Tell us about your hero. Take your time and write from the heart. Remember： What you share — in your own words — is the most important factor in advancing a nomination for further consideration.
　　·We require either an email address or a telephone number so we may quickly contact your nominee to obtain permission for consideration as a CNN Hero.
　　·Please don’t nominate your hero more than once. One well-written nomination is enough. We discourage campaigns in support of one or more individuals.
21.What will help a candidate stand out according to the text？（　　）
A.The number of votes.　　　　　　　　　　 B.The opinions from judges.
C.Your excellent nomination. D.His/Her personal statement.
22.What are you supposed to do if you want to take part in the event？（　　）
A.Fill in a form. B.Write a short essay.
C.Tell some stories. D.Answer some questions.
23.Which of the following is NOT encouraged？（　　）
A.Nominating more than one candidate. B.Providing a person’s contact information.
C.Recommending a person more than once. D.Recommending someone you don’t know.
B
　　It was October 2020， and the 71-year-old Bill Sumiel was dealing with kidney （肾） failure and had been on dialysis （透析） for a few years.
　　Sumiel was no stranger to the struggles of kidney disease. He was on the transplant list， but no matches had yet appeared. So he continued with his treatments. Sumiel usually took an Uber to and from his appointment in hospital.
　　Timothy Letts， 31， was driving north to visit a friend when his phone pinged with the request for Sumiel’s ride home. When Sumiel got into the car， the pair introduced each other and got to chatting.
　　Then Sumiel revealed that he was searching for a kidney donor. Letts joked that he’d be a good donor candidate， given that he didn’t drink or smoke. Sumiel agreed， though he didn’t think much of it as they kept driving. Letts， however， couldn’t stop thinking about it.
　　Letts believes in helping others， so donating a kidney “was something that was always on my mind，” he says. So， about a quarter-mile away from Sumiel’s house， Letts said，“I’d like to see if I could be a match to give you a kidney.”
　　“I was shocked，” Sumiel recalls. Once inside his home， he excitedly told his wife， “The Uber driver just offered me his kidney！” After the initial excitement， Sumiel started feeling a bit less optimistic. He was touched by Letts’s offer， though he wondered if it had just been an emotional moment. Would he hear from him？ And what was the likelihood they’d be a match？
　　But Letts was true to his word. He got in touch with Sumiel just a few hours later， and by the next week， Letts had contacted the kidney transplant program. After a long screening process， the results were in： Letts was an ideal donor， and he and Sumiel were a perfect match.
　　On 7 December 2021， 14 months after they ended up in the same car by accident， Sumiel and Letts had their surgeries. It was a success. Today Sumiel is doing well， working full-time remotely and enjoying time with his family.
24.What can we learn about Bill Sumiel？（　　）
A.He had only one kidney. B.He liked smoking and drinking.
C.He met Timothy Letts by chance. D.He had taken Timothy Letts’s car before.
25.What made Timothy Letts decide to make an offer？（　　）
A.His desire to do good. B.His personal experience.
C.His respect for Bill Sumiel. D.His sympathy for Bill Sumiel.
26.How should we describe Bill Sumiel’s emotion change after he got home？（　　）
A.From excitement to doubt. B.From curiosity to satisfaction.
C.From confusion to excitement. D.From surprise to disappointment.
27.What would be the best title for the text？（　　）
A.A Miracle Trip Saves a Patient’s Life B.A Perfect Match Can Be Found Easily
C.Sick Passenger Met Brave Uber Driver D.Uber Driver Offers Passenger His Kidney
C
Maya Ackerman just wanted to write a song.She tried for years — song after song.In the end， she didn’t like any of the tunes she wrote.“I didn’t have the gift，” she says.“All the melodies that came into my mind were so boring that I couldn’t imagine wasting time performing them.”
Maybe， she thought， a computer could puter programs already are useful for recording songs that people come up with.Ackerman now wondered if a computer could be more — a songwriting partner.
It was a flash of inspiration.“I knew in an instant that it would be possible for a machine to give me ideas，” she says.That inspiration led to the creation of ALYSIA.This computer program can generate brand-new melodies， based on a user’s lyrics.
As a computer scientist at Santa Clara University in California， Ackerman has a lot of experience using algorithms （算法）.These are step-by-step mathematical recipes to solve problems and make predictions.Algorithms are useful in programming computers.They can also be useful for everyday tasks.Online movie and music servers use algorithms to recommend films and songs.Self-driving cars need algorithms to safely navigate roads.Some grocery stores track the freshness of produce using algorithms that are connected to cameras or sensors.
Ackerman isn’t the only one using AI for songwriting.Some programs build entire orchestral scores around small bits of melody.Others generate music for many instruments.AI is also finding its way into other arts.
And those efforts are paying off.In October 2018， an art auction in New York City became the first to sell an AI-generated work.A group of computer scientists and artists in France used AI algorithms to create the work.A portrait of an imaginary man made a splash： The painting sold for $432，500.
Ahmed Elgammal runs a computer-science lab that focuses on using AI to influence art.“AI is a creative tool that will be accepted as an art form，” he says.Eventually， he adds，“It will affect the way art is made， and what art will be.”
28.What do we learn about Maya Ackerman’s personal effort to write a song？（　　）
A.It was fruitful. B.It was surprising.
C.It proved to be a failure. D.It turned out rewarding.
29.What does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 3 refer to？（　　）
A.Recording a song online. B.Writing a song by herself.
C.Designing a computer program. D.Using a computer to write a song.
30.What’s the fourth paragraph mainly about？（　　）
A.The wide use of algorithms. B.The problems with algorithms.
C.How Ackerman uses algorithms. D.How algorithms solve problems.
31.Why does the author mention a portrait in Paragraph 6？（　　）
A.To prove AI will be used in art. B.To prove AI has a bright future.
C.To show people’s trying is successful. D.To show people like AI-created work.
D
　　The endowment effect. The overinterpretation of small numbers. The anchoring effect. The availability heuristic. Loss aversion ... As you read through this list， you may recognise most or all of them as fundamental aspects of how humans perceive （认为） and process their experiences. They are also connected in another way： each was co-discovered by one man， Daniel Kahneman， the author of the recently published Thinking， Fast and Slow.
　　Kahneman has been a prominent leader in the field of cognitive science for about four decades now， an illustrious career that has included a Nobel Prize for his work on economic decision-making.
　　The book， written for a general audience， records this career and the scientific advances it has generated. That said， Kahneman certainly does not intend the book to be primarily a memoir （回忆录）， nor should it be classified as such. Rather， the goal of the book， as the title implies， is to communicate dual-processing theory， the idea that our brain engages in two different forms of thought. He uses his extensive experience — personal histories， study-by-study accounts， and likely a handful of techniques he has developed through the years — to convey this message， the sum product being an enjoyable and edifying read for anyone， scientist or not.
　　At the beginning， Kahneman introduces us to the book’s two main characters： Systems 1 and 2， our two modes of cognition （认知）. They also make for the title of the book. System 1 is “fast”， comprising the various prejudices that immediately perceive events； System 2 is “slow”， allowing us to observe and direct our attention， and gather evidence for or against one idea or another.
　　Engaging the reader in a lively conversation about how we think， Kahneman offers useful and inspirational insights into how choices are made in both our business and our personal lives―and how we can use different techniques to guard against the mental problems that often get us into trouble. Topping bestseller lists for almost ten years， Thinking， Fast and Slow is an essential book that has changed the lives of millions of readers.
32.Why does the author provide a list of terms at the beginning of the text？（　　）
A.To introduce a new book. B.To introduce Daniel Kahneman.
C.To explain some interesting theories. D.To analyze some interesting phenomena.
33.What does Thinking， Fast and Slow focus on？（　　）
A.An insight into human’s mindset. B.An exploration into human’s behaviour.
C.Daniel Kahneman’s personal experience. D.Daniel Kahneman’s scientific experiments.
34.What do we learn about System 1 and System 2？（　　）
A.The former is more objective. B.The former is more accurate.
C.The latter is more logical. D.The latter is more efficient.
35.What does the author think of Thinking， Fast and Slow？（　　）
A.Practical and influential. B.Humorous and interesting.
C.Serious and hard to follow. D.Clear and easy to understand.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
　　Ieoh Ming Pei was one of the best-known architects of the 20th century.
Born in China， I.M. Pei moved to the United States in 1935 to study architecture at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University.
Pei’s works around the world include museums， government buildings， hotels， schools and other structures built with stone， steel and glass.36.（　　） Pei created a new entrance for the world-famous Louvre Museum in Paris.
　　Pei first spent four months studying the museum and French history.He then drew plans for a 21-meter-tall steel and glass pyramid， with three smaller pyramids nearby.37.（　　） A French newspaper criticized Pei’s pyramids as “an annex （附属） to Disneyland”.An environmental group said they belonged in a desert.38.（　　）
　　Pei said the Louvre was the most difficult job of his career.He argued that he had wanted to create a modern space that would not take away from the traditional part of the museum.He said the glass pyramids were based on the works of French landscape architect Le Notre.39.（　　）
　　The pyramids opened in the spring of 1989.Over the years that followed， the structure came to be loved by most， if not all， of its critics.
　　Other well-known Pei buildings include the John F.Kennedy Library in Dorchester， Massachusetts， the National Center for Atmospheric Research in Boulder， Colorado， the East Wing of the National Gallery of Art in Washington and the Dallas City Hall in Texas.
　　40.（　　） However， he continued to work on projects — including museums in Luxembourg， Qatar and his ancestral home of Suzhou.
A.Pei officially retired in 1990.
B.They honoured French history.
C.Louvre is one of the symbols of France.
D.He was fond of architecture at an early age.
E.One of his best-known works was built 30 years ago.
F.It was a very modern style of work for the 12th-century building.
G.Others thought Pei had ruined one of the world’s greatest landmarks.
第三部分　语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
　　阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
　　When I retired， my wife Peg said，“Great！ You’ll have time to clean the garage！” After 30 years’ 　41　 as director of a radio station， I would finally have more time for housework， but I worried I’d lose the sense of 　42　 I had felt in my profession.
I pushed at the garage’s wooden doors， but they were as 　43　 as I felt in this new stage of my life.I finally got the doors open and started to empty the shelves.Then my hand hit something 　44　.It was a common old metal can.I 　45　 the cover and found a 　46　 envelope with a postmark of 13 May 1940 inside.　47　， I opened it and found some flower seeds in it，“Eighty years old！ I wonder if they’ll still grow.”
I 　48　 the seeds in a plastic pot.I checked it every day， but nothing happened.“I guess they’re just too 　49　 to be any good，” I told Peg with 　50　.I picked up the pot to get rid of it， but something made me 　51　.I changed my mind and set it aside.Meanwhile， I was keeping 　52　， buying some books to improve my photography skills and teaching my granddaughters everything I knew about gardening and dogs.
Six weeks later， I was out in the yard when I 　53　 to notice the pot.A new bit of green — a leaf had 　54　.I proudly showed it off to my granddaughters.“Look， girls， even something this old can still 　55　 for its purpose and be pretty cool.Just like your grandpa！”
41.A.dream　　　　　　　　B.belief　　　　　　　　C.study　　　　　　　　D.service
42.A.freedom B.purpose C.trust D.security
43.A.worn B.stuck C.broken D.lost
44.A.delicate B.special C.hard D.sharp
45.A.removed B.washed C.cleaned D.fastened
46.A.labeled B.selected C.yellowed D.ruined
47.A.Curiously B.Sincerely C.Skillfully D.Bravely
48.A.collected B.planted C.abandoned D.stored
49.A.old B.wet C.weak D.small
50.A.anger B.surprise C.regret D.relief
51.A.delay B.reflect C.hesitate D.disappoint
52.A.upset B.awake C.social D.busy
53.A.expected B.attempted C.failed D.happened
54.A.showed up B.fallen off C.taken off D.dried up
55.A.compete B.grow C.survive D.relax
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
　　The little-known city of Tianshui， in Northwest China’s Gansu Province， is experiencing a tourism boom fueled by 56.　　　　　　 （it） signature dish， the fiery malatang hotpot.
　　Featuring a mix of vegetables， meats and seafood 57.　　　　　　 （boil） in a spicy broth （汤）， it has become an unexpected Internet sensation， drawing visitors from across China.
　　Tianshui 58.　　　　　　 （welcome） 7.54 million tourists since February， generating tourism revenue of 4.37 billion yuan （$600 million）， according to the provincial culture and tourism department.
　　A photo of 59.　　　　　　 visibly exhausted Haiying Malatang staff member went viral online， sparking lighthearted discussion and highlighting its overwhelming popularity.
　　Ha Haiying， the owner of the restaurant， has been running the restaurant for 26 years. Amid the bustling frenzy， Ha’s daily life has transformed 60.　　　　　　 （dramatical）， with her revenue （收入） rising quickly and sleep 61.　　　　　　 （decrease） to a mere four hours per night.
　　Since early March， videos and photos of Tianshui malatang have been going viral on social media platforms. It all started when a netizen released a seven-second video on 13 February 62.　　　　　　 attracted millions of views.
　　The secret to Tianshui malatang’s success？ Flavor and affordability， according to Ha. She owes the unique taste 63.　　　　　　 the special Gansu pepper （辣椒）.
　　The spicy delight isn’t the only draw， however. The sudden increase in malatang consumption 64.　　　　　　 （have） led to a corresponding rise in visitors to Tianshui’s key 65.　　　　　　 （attraction）， including the Maijishan Grottoes， a UNESCO World Heritage Site， and a temple dedicated to Fuxi， the legendary ancestor of the Chinese nation.
第四部分　写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
　　假定你是李华，你的英国好友Peter对中国的书法和绘画很感兴趣。请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括：
　　1.书法绘画在中国的地位；2.学习书法绘画的好处；3.欢迎他来中国体验。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式作答。
Dear Peter，
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Yours，
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
　　Once upon a time， there lived a girl named Walk. She was a good girl， but she never liked her name as all the kids around her made fun of her name. She ran away from everybody who laughed at her name， so Walk never really had friends. She would play alone all the time.
One day， Walk went to her favourite place near the river behind her house， where she always spoke to the river in her own way. Today， when talking to the river， she said，“You are so fortunate， as you get to travel to different places and always be with your friends — ducks， turtles， fishes， and plants. I wish I had more friends and wouldn’t be alone anymore.”
When she was bored talking to the river， she picked up some stones and tried to skip （打水漂） them across the river like her dad did. However， she failed most of the time. Finally， she found a perfect stone. She held it tightly in her fingers， and said to the river，“Oh， dear river， if I could skip this stone all the way across， I would wish for a dear friend just like you.” Saying this， Walk waved her arm back just like her dad had taught her and threw the stone with full strength.
She watched the stone skip once， twice ... and to her amazement， the stone went on skipping and eventually， on the seventh skip， made it across the river onto the shore of the opposite side. Walk was totally amazed. She could not just believe her eyes.
Her deep thoughts and happiness were disturbed when she heard footsteps coming towards her. Walk looked around and found a little girl was rolling down towards her. Walk panicked and hurried to get up to help. However， she lost her balance and fell off， too.
The little girl was crying and holding her knee. Walk pulled herself and went close to the girl， whose knee was bleeding. She said gently to the little girl，“It will be alright. My house is nearby， let me help you. My mother will take care of the wound.”
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式作答。
Once they arrived at her house， Walk called out， “Mom， help！ Someone is injured.” 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　The little girl looked at Walk and asked，“What is your name？” 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
单元质量检测（一）　ART
第一部分
1－5　CACAB　 　6－10　CBBAC
11－15　BABCA　 16－20　BBCBA
听力材料：
（Text 1）
W：Congratulations， John！ I heard you won first place in the contest.
M：No， Linda.It was not me.It was Jim.You should congratulate him on his success.
（Text 2）
W：Mike， what about going shopping？ I want to buy a toy.
M：Why？ You’re no longer a little kid.
W：It’s for Tom.I plan to give him a surprise for his hard work.
M：OK.Let’s go.
（Text 3）
M：Look！It’s raining cats and dogs outside.It was sunny a few minutes ago.
W：The weather is typical for this area.You’ll get used to it soon.
（Text 4）
W：What do you dream of doing in the future？
M：I dream of being a violinist.What about you？
W：I want to become a scientist， and hope to work in space one day.
（Text 5）
W：Bob， you don’t look well.What’s wrong？
M：I don’t feel well in my stomach.
W：You should take sick leave and go to see a doctor immediately.
M：You’re right.I’ll go to Mrs Wang’s office right now.
（Text 6）
M：What are you reading， Susan？
W：A book about robots.But it is not a science book.
M：I thought you were reading a novel.Don’t you only love reading novels？
W：Well， I wanted to have a change， so I picked this book when I visited the school library last week.
M：How do you like it？
W：It’s not bad.It kept me laughing all the way through.You can give it a try after I finish reading it.
（Text 7）
M：Hey， are you OK？ You are coughing.Have you got a cold or flu？
W：No， I don’t think so.I was totally alright before I came here.
M：Then what’s wrong with you？
W：I guess it’s the painting.I heard the office next to ours was repainted last weekend.
M：But I can smell nothing.Maybe I’m not as sensitive as you are.You should get away from the office for a few days， like taking a holiday.
W：Yes.I will take a holiday.
（Text 8）
W：Mark， I saw you reading news in the dining room just now.Did anything special happen today？
M：Yes.It was reported that a six-year-old girl is missing.Her mother can’t find her anywhere.
W：What is the girl wearing？
M：She’s wearing a pink dress and a pair of red shoes.She has long golden hair and big blue eyes.
W：Where was the girl before her mother found she was missing？
M：In a fruit shop.Her mother was picking some peaches while answering a phone call.
W：Is she fat or thin？
M：She is thin and small for her age.
W：Now I see.I hope the girl can come back to her family soon.Perhaps we should help keep an eye on it.
M：Good idea！
（Text 9）
W：Hi， Jason.How is everything going？
M：Not bad.
W：We will soon finish middle school.Have you decided which senior high school to go to？
M：Not yet.I’m still visiting schools these days.I haven’t made a final decision yet.What about you？
W：My mother suggests that I go to the No.8 Girls’ School.
M：It is a very good school.
W：Yes， but I prefer a mixed school.I think it’s important for girls to know how to deal with boys.After leaving high school， we’ll go to a college for both boys and girls.And when we work， we’ll have to deal with men， too.
M：I totally agree.You should have a talk with your mother.
W：I will.Have you finished your homework？
M：Yes.
W：I came across a math problem.Could you help me out？
M：Certainly.
（Text 10）
M：Good morning， everyone.I’m glad to be here to talk about my daily life as a college student.I usually get up at 7：00 a.m. every morning.After brushing my teeth and washing my face， I do a morning run outdoors.When I return， it’s usually time for breakfast.After that， I gather my things such as pencils， exercise books， and textbooks， and then cycle to school.Generally， we take 2 to 4 classes every day.After school， I like doing my homework at the library， because it is very quiet there.At about 7：00 p.m.， I return home and have dinner with my parents.I usually go to bed at 11：00 p.m.
In my spare time， you can often see me appear in some interest clubs like the sports club and the Chinese calligraphy club.Sometimes， I also go to my friends’ places.In addition， during the early autumn and summer I often go to the playground.I like joining in different sports events.
That’s all.Thank you.
第二部分
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章简要介绍了美国CNN网站发起的一项名为CNN Heroes的评选活动。
21.C　细节理解题。根据第四段中的But a thoughtful， well-written nomination is essential to help yours stand out from the thousands we receive.可知，文章强调推荐者精彩的推荐材料将会帮助被推荐者脱颖而出。
22.A　细节理解题。根据第三条建议Take a look at our nomination form ... filling out your submission.可知，参与这项评选活动者必须根据要求填写一份提名表格。
23.C　细节理解题。根据最后一条建议Please don’t nominate your hero more than once.可知，推荐者不能重复推荐同一个候选人。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。71岁的Bill Sumiel患有肾衰竭，一直在寻找合适的可移植肾源。一次打车时，优步共享汽车司机Timothy Letts提出将自己的肾捐给他。
24.C　细节理解题。根据第一至四段可知，Bill Sumiel患有肾衰竭并在做肾透析，他与优步共享汽车司机Timothy Letts是萍水相逢。
25.A　细节理解题。根据第五段第一句可知，Timothy Letts一直乐于助人，并早就考虑过给别人捐肾。
26.A　推理判断题。根据第六段可知，Bill Sumiel刚回到家时非常兴奋，但是很快他又开始怀疑：Timothy Letts会不会只是一时冲动？Timothy Letts会不会再和自己联系？由此可知，他的情感变化是由兴奋到怀疑。
27.D　标题归纳题。综合全文可知，本文主要讲述了患有肾衰竭的Bill Sumiel奇迹般地遇到优步共享汽车司机Timothy Letts并得到对方所捐赠的肾的故事。因此D项为文章最佳标题。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。随着人工智能技术的快速发展，它已经被用来创造艺术作品。
28.C　细节理解题。根据第一段可知，Maya Ackerman自己尝试创作了一些曲子，结果都很不成功。
29.D　代词指代题。根据第三段可知，这里的It一词指代上文提到的Maya Ackerman想借助电脑来创作曲子。
30.A　段落大意题。根据第四段可知，本段主要介绍了算法在计算机领域的广泛使用：包括日常任务、电影音乐、无人驾驶以及零售商店等。
31.C　推理判断题。根据第五、六段可知，人工智能技术已经被越来越多地应用于艺术创作领域，作者在本段提到肖像画被高价拍卖一事，正是为了说明人们在这一领域的尝试是很成功的。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，也是一篇书评。文章简要介绍并评价了丹尼尔·卡尼曼的《思考，快与慢》这本全球畅销书。
32.B　细节理解题。根据第一段可知，作者先列举了一系列术语，然后引出了这些术语（概念）的创造者丹尼尔·卡尼曼。
33.A　细节理解题。根据第三、四段可知，《思考，快与慢》一书不是作者丹尼尔·卡尼曼的个人回忆录，它主要聚焦于我们大脑对外部世界作出反应的双重处理理论，也就是大脑的两种认知模式。
34.C　推理判断题。根据第四段可知，我们的大脑中包含两种处理系统和认知模式。系统1是“快速的”，包含了立即感知事件的各种偏见；系统2是“缓慢的”，允许我们观察和引导我们的注意力，并收集支持或反对某一想法的证据。显然，系统2更加理性和合乎逻辑。
35.A　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，本文作者认为《思考，快与慢》一书为我们在工作和个人生活中如何作出选择和决策提供了有用且具有启发性的见解，同时，这本书已经改变了数百万人的生活。
36.E　37.F　38.G　39.B　40.A
第三部分
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者退休后在打扫仓库时发现一包存放了80年的种子，没想到最后它们居然发芽了。
41.D　根据上文When I retired和下文as director of a radio station可知，作者在电视台作为台长工作了30年。
42.B　根据最后一段中for its purpose和Just like your grandpa！可知，刚退休时，作者担心在生活中没有目标，也做不好打扫仓库等这样的事情。a sense of purpose意为“使命感，意义”。
43.B　根据上文I pushed at the garage’s wooden doors、but以及下文I finally got the doors open可知，这个门卡住了，就像我退休后的生活一样。
44.C　根据下文It was a common old metal can.可知，我的手触碰到的是一个金属罐；它是坚硬的。
45.A　根据空后的the cover and found可知，是打开盖子后才发现里面的东西。
46.C　根据下文with a postmark of 13 May 1940 inside可知，由于年代久远，信封早已泛黄。
47.A　根据上文with a postmark of 13 May 1940 inside可知，作者对这个邮戳日期很早的信封很感兴趣，所以好奇地将它打开。
48.B　根据下文the seeds in a plastic pot可知，作者把种子种在塑料盆里。
49.A　根据上文Eighty years old！ I wonder if they’ll still grow.及I checked it every day， but nothing happened.可知，作者认为种子没发芽，是因为它们存放时间太久了。
50.C　根据上文I checked it every day， but nothing happened.可知，作者期待的种子没有发芽，因此他很遗憾地告诉佩格。
51.C　根据上文I picked up the pot to get rid of it、 but以及下文I changed my mind and set it aside.可知，作者想把它扔掉时又犹豫了。
52.D　根据下文可知，我一直忙碌着，也忘了种子的事情。
53.D　根据上下文可知，这段时期我一直忙着别的事情，忘记了种子的事情，六周后我去院子里 意外发现了种子发芽。happen to表示“碰巧”。
54.A　根据上下文可知，新的绿叶出现了。
55.B　根据上文A new bit of green — a leaf和下文for its purpose可知，这些种子为了自己的目标而生长。
56.its　57.boiled　58.has welcomed　59.a　60.dramatically　61.decreasing　62.which/that　63.to　64.has　65.attractions
第四部分
第一节
Dear Peter，
　　Thanks for your interest in Chinese calligraphy and painting. In ancient China， lyre-playing， chess， calligraphy and painting are regarded as the four skills that an excellent scholar must master. Nowadays， calligraphy and painting are still very important in China. Actually， you can see art museums and training institutions which focus on Chinese calligraphy and painting wherever you go.
　　It is widely believed that learning calligraphy and painting can not only improve our intelligence but also cultivate our mind. What’s more， it can develop our ability to appreciate beauty and make our lives more colourful.
　　As the saying goes，“Seeing is believing.” I hope you will come to China and experience the beauty of Chinese calligraphy and painting. Looking forward to seeing you！
Yours，
Li Hua
第二节
　　Once they arrived at her house， Walk called out， “Mom， help！ Someone is injured.” On hearing this， Walk’s mother came quickly with the first-aid box. She made the little girl sit on the sofa and started cleaning the wound. She cleaned her knee， applied medicine to the wound， and wrapped it with bandages， which made the girl relaxed. She then asked the girl where she lived. The girl replied that she had just moved here. All the houses looked so similar that she mixed them up. Walk was surprised and felt a bit of joy thinking about her wish.
The little girl looked at Walk and asked，“What is your name？” Walk froze and was scared to tell her name. However， Walk’s mother replied， “Her name is Walk and I am glad she could help you.” On hearing this， the little girl began to laugh. Walk felt sad and was near to tears. Just then， the girl stopped laughing and sincerely apologised， “I am sorry， but it is so funny as my name happens to be Run.” Walk was surprised and almost broke into laughter herself. Her wish for the river had come true， and now she had a very good friend named Run.
10 / 10(共103张PPT)
单元质量检测（一）　ART
（满分150分，时间120分钟）
第一部分　听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、
C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间
来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Who won first place in the contest？（　　）
A. John. B. Linda. C. Jim.
2. Why does the woman want to go shopping？（　　）
A. To pick a gift for Tom.
B. To buy a toy for herself.
C. To meet Tom in the supermarket.
3. What is the weather like now？（　　）
A. Sunny. B. Windy. C. Rainy.
4. What are the speakers talking about？（　　）
A. Their dreams.
B. Their interests.
C. Their present jobs.
5. Why will Bob go to Mrs Wang’s office？（　　）
A. To see a doctor.
B. To ask for sick leave.
C. To hand in his report.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题
中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白
前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将
给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Where did the woman get the book？（　　）
A. From the classroom.
B. From a bookstore.
C. From the school library.
7. What does the woman probably think of the book？（　　）
A. Boring. B. Funny. C. Difficult.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What is the woman suffering from？（　　）
A. A fever. B. A cough. C. A headache.
9. What’s the probable relationship between the speakers？（　　）
A. Colleagues.
B. Husband and wife.
C. Doctor and patient.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What does the man say about the little girl？（　　）
A. She wears a red dress.
B. She wears pink shoes.
C. She has golden hair.
11. What was her mother doing when the girl was lost？（　　）
A. Picking peaches on a tree.
B. Answering a call.
C. Paying for fruit.
12. Where does the conversation probably take place？（　　）
A. At home.
B. On the street.
C. At the police station.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Where does Jason often go these days？（　　）
A. Middle schools.
B. High schools.
C. Colleges.
14. Why does the girl want to go to a mixed school？（　　）
A. She wants to study with Jason.
B. She can make more friends there.
C. She thinks it beneficial to deal with boys.
15. What does Jason advise the girl to do？（　　）
A. Talk with her mother.
B. Make a decision by herself.
C. Follow her mother’s advice.
16. What’s the relationship between the speakers？（　　）
A. Neighbours.
B. School friends.
C. Father and daughter.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What does the speaker like doing in the morning？（　　）
A. Preparing breakfast.
B. Running for a while.
C. Doing morning reading.
18. How does the speaker usually go to college？（　　）
A. On foot. B. By bus. C. By bike.
19. How long does the speaker usually sleep every night？（　　）
A. For seven hours.
B. For eight hours.
C. For seven and a half hours.
20. What does the speaker often do in his spare time？（　　）
A. He often takes part in interest clubs.
B. He often goes out with his friends.
C. He often watches sports matches.
听力材料：
（Text 1）
W：Congratulations， John！ I heard you won first place in the contest.
M：No， Linda.It was not me.It was Jim.You should congratulate him
on his success.
（Text 2）
W：Mike， what about going shopping？ I want to buy a toy.
M：Why？ You’re no longer a little kid.
W：It’s for Tom.I plan to give him a surprise for his hard work.
M：OK. Let’s go.
（Text 3）
M：Look！It’s raining cats and dogs outside.It was sunny a few minutes
ago.
W：The weather is typical for this area.You’ll get used to it soon.
（Text 4）
W：What do you dream of doing in the future？
M：I dream of being a violinist.What about you？
W：I want to become a scientist， and hope to work in space one day.
（Text 5）
W：Bob， you don’t look well.What’s wrong？
M：I don’t feel well in my stomach.
W：You should take sick leave and go to see a doctor immediately.
M：You’re right.I’ll go to Mrs Wang’s office right now.
（Text 6）
M：What are you reading， Susan？
W：A book about robots.But it is not a science book.
M：I thought you were reading a novel.Don’t you only love reading
novels？
W：Well， I wanted to have a change， so I picked this book when I
visited the school library last week.
M：How do you like it？
W：It’s not bad.It kept me laughing all the way through.You can give it
a try after I finish reading it.
（Text 7）
M：Hey， are you OK？ You are coughing.Have you got a cold or flu？
W：No， I don’t think so.I was totally alright before I came here.
M：Then what’s wrong with you？
W：I guess it’s the painting.I heard the office next to ours was repainted
last weekend.
M：But I can smell nothing.Maybe I’m not as sensitive as you are.You
should get away from the office for a few days， like taking a holiday.
W：Yes.I will take a holiday.
（Text 8）
W：Mark， I saw you reading news in the dining room just now.Did
anything special happen today？
M：Yes.It was reported that a six-year-old girl is missing.Her mother
can’t find her anywhere.
W：What is the girl wearing？
M：She’s wearing a pink dress and a pair of red shoes.She has long
golden hair and big blue eyes.
W：Where was the girl before her mother found she was missing？
M：In a fruit shop.Her mother was picking some peaches while answering
a phone call.
W：Is she fat or thin？
M：She is thin and small for her age.
W：Now I see.I hope the girl can come back to her family soon.Perhaps
we should help keep an eye on it.
M：Good idea！
（Text 9）
W：Hi， Jason.How is everything going？
M：Not bad.
W：We will soon finish middle school.Have you decided which senior
high school to go to？
M：Not yet.I’m still visiting schools these days.I haven’t made a final
decision yet.What about you？
W：My mother suggests that I go to the No.8 Girls’ School.
M：It is a very good school.
W：Yes， but I prefer a mixed school.I think it’s important for girls to
know how to deal with boys.After leaving high school， we’ll go to a
college for both boys and girls.And when we work， we’ll have to deal
with men， too.
M：I totally agree.You should have a talk with your mother.
W：I will.Have you finished your homework？
M：Yes.
W：I came across a math problem.Could you help me out？
M：Certainly.
（Text 10）
M：Good morning， everyone.I’m glad to be here to talk about my
daily life as a college student.I usually get up at 7：00 a.m. every
morning.After brushing my teeth and washing my face， I do a morning
run outdoors.When I return， it’s usually time for breakfast.After that，
I gather my things such as pencils， exercise books， and textbooks， and
then cycle to school.Generally， we take 2 to 4 classes every day.After
school， I like doing my homework at the library， because it is very quiet
there.At about 7：00 p.m.， I return home and have dinner with my
parents.I usually go to bed at 11：00 p.m.
In my spare time， you can often see me appear in some interest clubs
like the sports club and the Chinese calligraphy club.Sometimes， I also
go to my friends’ places.In addition， during the early autumn and
summer I often go to the playground.I like joining in different sports
events.
That’s all.Thank you.
第二部分　阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳
选项。
A
Your hero could be a CNN Hero！
　　They’re your friends， your colleagues， your family members，
or maybe someone you read about.
　　They are CNN Heroes， each of whom shows how one person can
truly make a difference.
　　Again this year， CNN encourages you to tell us about these everyday
people changing the world — by nominating （提名） them at
. Taking a few minutes to share their story with us could
propel them to worldwide recognition. We will select Top 10 CNN Heroes
of 2024， each of whom will receive a $10，000 prize.
　　It’s easy to nominate the person whose work you admire. But a
thoughtful， well-written nomination is essential to help yours stand out
from the thousands we receive. Here are some suggestions we hope will
help you in crafting your nomination for consideration as a 2024 CNN
Hero.
　　·You don’t have to personally know the individual you nominate.
　　·Think about what makes your hero special. Ask yourself： What
makes my nominee unique？ What specific accomplishment has he or she
achieved that is truly remarkable？ What impact has his or her work had on
others？
　　· Take a look at our nomination form. We suggest you review the
information requested about yourself， your nominee and his or her work
before filling out your submission.
　　·Tell us about your hero. Take your time and write from the heart.
Remember： What you share — in your own words — is the most
important factor in advancing a nomination for further consideration.
　　·We require either an email address or a telephone number so we may
quickly contact your nominee to obtain permission for consideration as a
CNN Hero.
　　·Please don’t nominate your hero more than once. One well-written
nomination is enough. We discourage campaigns in support of one or more
individuals.
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章简要介绍了美国CNN网站发起
的一项名为CNN Heroes的评选活动。
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章简要介绍了美国CNN网站发起
的一项名为CNN Heroes的评选活动。
21. What will help a candidate stand out according to the text？（　　）
A. The number of votes.
B. The opinions from judges.
C. Your excellent nomination.
D. His/Her personal statement.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第四段中的But a thoughtful， well-
written nomination is essential to help yours stand out from the
thousands we receive.可知，文章强调推荐者精彩的推荐材料将会
帮助被推荐者脱颖而出。
22. What are you supposed to do if you want to take part in the event？
（　　）
A. Fill in a form.
B. Write a short essay.
C. Tell some stories.
D. Answer some questions.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第三条建议Take a look at our
nomination form ... filling out your submission.可知，参与这项评
选活动者必须根据要求填写一份提名表格。
23. Which of the following is NOT encouraged？（　　）
A. Nominating more than one candidate.
B. Providing a person’s contact information.
C. Recommending a person more than once.
D. Recommending someone you don’t know.
解析：　细节理解题。根据最后一条建议Please don’t
nominate your hero more than once.可知，推荐者不能重复推
荐同一个候选人。
B
　　It was October 2020， and the 71-year-old Bill Sumiel was dealing
with kidney （肾） failure and had been on dialysis （透析） for a few
years.
　　Sumiel was no stranger to the struggles of kidney disease. He was on
the transplant list， but no matches had yet appeared. So he continued
with his treatments. Sumiel usually took an Uber to and from his
appointment in hospital.
　　Timothy Letts， 31， was driving north to visit a friend when his
phone pinged with the request for Sumiel’s ride home. When Sumiel got
into the car， the pair introduced each other and got to chatting.
　　Then Sumiel revealed that he was searching for a kidney donor. Letts
joked that he’d be a good donor candidate， given that he didn’t drink
or smoke. Sumiel agreed， though he didn’t think much of it as they
kept driving. Letts， however， couldn’t stop thinking about it.
　　Letts believes in helping others， so donating a kidney “was
something that was always on my mind，” he says. So， about a quarter-
mile away from Sumiel’s house， Letts said，“I’d like to see if I
could be a match to give you a kidney.”
　　“I was shocked，” Sumiel recalls. Once inside his home， he
excitedly told his wife， “The Uber driver just offered me his kidney！”
After the initial excitement， Sumiel started feeling a bit less optimistic.
He was touched by Letts’s offer， though he wondered if it had just been
an emotional moment. Would he hear from him？ And what was the
likelihood they’d be a match？
　　But Letts was true to his word. He got in touch with Sumiel just a few
hours later， and by the next week， Letts had contacted the kidney
transplant program. After a long screening process， the results were in：
Letts was an ideal donor， and he and Sumiel were a perfect match.
　　On 7 December 2021， 14 months after they ended up in the same car
by accident， Sumiel and Letts had their surgeries. It was a success.
Today Sumiel is doing well， working full-time remotely and enjoying
time with his family.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。71岁的Bill Sumiel患有肾衰竭，一直
在寻找合适的可移植肾源。一次打车时，优步共享汽车司机Timothy
Letts提出将自己的肾捐给他。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。71岁的Bill Sumiel患有肾衰竭，一直
在寻找合适的可移植肾源。一次打车时，优步共享汽车司机Timothy
Letts提出将自己的肾捐给他。
24. What can we learn about Bill Sumiel？（　　）
A. He had only one kidney.
B. He liked smoking and drinking.
C. He met Timothy Letts by chance.
D. He had taken Timothy Letts’s car before.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第一至四段可知，Bill Sumiel患有肾
衰竭并在做肾透析，他与优步共享汽车司机Timothy Letts是萍水
相逢。
25. What made Timothy Letts decide to make an offer？（　　）
A. His desire to do good.
B. His personal experience.
C. His respect for Bill Sumiel.
D. His sympathy for Bill Sumiel.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第五段第一句可知，Timothy Letts一
直乐于助人，并早就考虑过给别人捐肾。
26. How should we describe Bill Sumiel’s emotion change after he got
home？（　　）
A. From excitement to doubt.
B. From curiosity to satisfaction.
C. From confusion to excitement.
D. From surprise to disappointment.
解析： 　推理判断题。根据第六段可知，Bill Sumiel刚回到家时
非常兴奋，但是很快他又开始怀疑：Timothy Letts会不会只是一
时冲动？Timothy Letts会不会再和自己联系？由此可知，他的情
感变化是由兴奋到怀疑。
27. What would be the best title for the text？（　　）
A. A Miracle Trip Saves a Patient’s Life
B. A Perfect Match Can Be Found Easily
C. Sick Passenger Met Brave Uber Driver
D. Uber Driver Offers Passenger His Kidney
解析： 　标题归纳题。综合全文可知，本文主要讲述了患有肾
衰竭的Bill Sumiel奇迹般地遇到优步共享汽车司机Timothy Letts并
得到对方所捐赠的肾的故事。因此D项为文章最佳标题。
C
Maya Ackerman just wanted to write a song.She tried for years —
song after song.In the end， she didn’t like any of the tunes she
wrote.“I didn’t have the gift，” she says.“All the melodies that
came into my mind were so boring that I couldn’t imagine wasting time
performing them.”
Maybe， she thought， a computer could puter programs
already are useful for recording songs that people come up with.Ackerman
now wondered if a computer could be more — a songwriting partner.
It was a flash of inspiration.“I knew in an instant that it would be
possible for a machine to give me ideas，” she says.That inspiration led
to the creation of ALYSIA. This computer program can generate brand-
new melodies， based on a user’s lyrics.
As a computer scientist at Santa Clara University in California，
Ackerman has a lot of experience using algorithms （算法）.These are
step-by-step mathematical recipes to solve problems and make
predictions.Algorithms are useful in programming computers.They can
also be useful for everyday tasks.Online movie and music servers use
algorithms to recommend films and songs.Self-driving cars need
algorithms to safely navigate roads.Some grocery stores track the freshness
of produce using algorithms that are connected to cameras or sensors.
Ackerman isn’t the only one using AI for songwriting.Some
programs build entire orchestral scores around small bits of melody.Others
generate music for many instruments.AI is also finding its way into other
arts.
And those efforts are paying off.In October 2018， an art auction in
New York City became the first to sell an AI-generated work.A group of
computer scientists and artists in France used AI algorithms to create the
work.A portrait of an imaginary man made a splash： The painting sold
for $432，500.
Ahmed Elgammal runs a computer-science lab that focuses on using
AI to influence art.“AI is a creative tool that will be accepted as an art
form，” he says.Eventually， he adds，“It will affect the way art is
made， and what art will be.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。随着人工智能技术的快速发展，它
已经被用来创造艺术作品。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。随着人工智能技术的快速发展，它
已经被用来创造艺术作品。
28. What do we learn about Maya Ackerman’s personal effort to write a
song？（　　）
A. It was fruitful.
B. It was surprising.
C. It proved to be a failure.
D. It turned out rewarding.
解析： 　细节理解题。根据第一段可知，Maya Ackerman自己尝
试创作了一些曲子，结果都很不成功。
29. What does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 3 refer to？
（　　）
A. Recording a song online.
B. Writing a song by herself.
C. Designing a computer program.
D. Using a computer to write a song.
解析： 　代词指代题。根据第三段可知，这里的It一词指代上文
提到的Maya Ackerman想借助电脑来创作曲子。
30. What’s the fourth paragraph mainly about？（　　）
A. The wide use of algorithms.
B. The problems with algorithms.
C. How Ackerman uses algorithms.
D. How algorithms solve problems.
解析： 　段落大意题。根据第四段可知，本段主要介绍了算法
在计算机领域的广泛使用：包括日常任务、电影音乐、无人驾驶
以及零售商店等。
31. Why does the author mention a portrait in Paragraph 6？（　　）
A. To prove AI will be used in art.
B. To prove AI has a bright future.
C. To show people’s trying is successful.
D. To show people like AI-created work.
解析： 　推理判断题。根据第五、六段可知，人工智能技术
已经被越来越多地应用于艺术创作领域，作者在本段提到肖像
画被高价拍卖一事，正是为了说明人们在这一领域的尝试是很
成功的。
D
　　The endowment effect. The overinterpretation of small numbers. The
anchoring effect. The availability heuristic. Loss aversion ... As you read
through this list， you may recognise most or all of them as fundamental
aspects of how humans perceive （认为） and process their experiences.
They are also connected in another way： each was co-discovered by one
man， Daniel Kahneman， the author of the recently published
Thinking， Fast and Slow.
　　Kahneman has been a prominent leader in the field of cognitive
science for about four decades now， an illustrious career that has included
a Nobel Prize for his work on economic decision-making.
　　The book， written for a general audience， records this career and
the scientific advances it has generated. That said， Kahneman certainly
does not intend the book to be primarily a memoir （回忆录）， nor
should it be classified as such. Rather， the goal of the book， as the title
implies， is to communicate dual-processing theory， the idea that our
brain engages in two different forms of thought. He uses his extensive
experience — personal histories， study-by-study accounts， and likely a
handful of techniques he has developed through the years — to convey this
message， the sum product being an enjoyable and edifying read for
anyone， scientist or not.
　　At the beginning， Kahneman introduces us to the book’s two main
characters： Systems 1 and 2， our two modes of cognition （认知）.
They also make for the title of the book. System 1 is “fast”，
comprising the various prejudices that immediately perceive events；
System 2 is “slow”， allowing us to observe and direct our attention，
and gather evidence for or against one idea or another.
　　Engaging the reader in a lively conversation about how we think，
Kahneman offers useful and inspirational insights into how choices are
made in both our business and our personal lives―and how we can use
different techniques to guard against the mental problems that often get us
into trouble. Topping bestseller lists for almost ten years， Thinking，
Fast and Slow is an essential book that has changed the lives of millions of
readers.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，也是一篇书评。文章简要介绍并评
价了丹尼尔·卡尼曼的《思考，快与慢》这本全球畅销书。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，也是一篇书评。文章简要介绍并评
价了丹尼尔·卡尼曼的《思考，快与慢》这本全球畅销书。
32. Why does the author provide a list of terms at the beginning of the
text？（　　）
A. To introduce a new book.
B. To introduce Daniel Kahneman.
C. To explain some interesting theories.
D. To analyze some interesting phenomena.
解析： 　细节理解题。根据第一段可知，作者先列举了一系列
术语，然后引出了这些术语（概念）的创造者丹尼尔·卡尼曼。
33. What does Thinking， Fast and Slow focus on？（　　）
A. An insight into human’s mindset.
B. An exploration into human’s behaviour.
C. Daniel Kahneman’s personal experience.
D. Daniel Kahneman’s scientific experiments.
解析： 　细节理解题。根据第三、四段可知，《思考，快与
慢》一书不是作者丹尼尔·卡尼曼的个人回忆录，它主要聚焦于我
们大脑对外部世界作出反应的双重处理理论，也就是大脑的两种
认知模式。
34. What do we learn about System 1 and System 2？（　　）
A. The former is more objective.
B. The former is more accurate.
C. The latter is more logical.
D. The latter is more efficient.
解析： 　推理判断题。根据第四段可知，我们的大脑中包含两
种处理系统和认知模式。系统1是“快速的”，包含了立即感知事
件的各种偏见；系统2是“缓慢的”，允许我们观察和引导我们的
注意力，并收集支持或反对某一想法的证据。显然，系统2更加理
性和合乎逻辑。
35. What does the author think of Thinking， Fast and Slow？（　　）
A. Practical and influential.
B. Humorous and interesting.
C. Serious and hard to follow.
D. Clear and easy to understand.
解析： 　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，本文作者认为《思
考，快与慢》一书为我们在工作和个人生活中如何作出选择和决
策提供了有用且具有启发性的见解，同时，这本书已经改变了数
百万人的生活。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选
项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
　　Ieoh Ming Pei was one of the best-known architects of the 20th
century.
Born in China， I. M. Pei moved to the United States in 1935 to
study architecture at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and
Harvard University.
Pei’s works around the world include museums， government
buildings， hotels， schools and other structures built with stone， steel
and glass.36.（　　） Pei created a new entrance for the world-famous
Louvre Museum in Paris.
　　Pei first spent four months studying the museum and French
history.He then drew plans for a 21-meter-tall steel and glass pyramid，
with three smaller pyramids nearby.37.（　　） A French newspaper
criticized Pei’s pyramids as “an annex （附属） to Disneyland”.An
environmental group said they belonged in a desert.38.（　　）
　　Pei said the Louvre was the most difficult job of his career.He argued
that he had wanted to create a modern space that would not take away from
the traditional part of the museum.He said the glass pyramids were based
on the works of French landscape architect Le Notre.39.（　　）
　　The pyramids opened in the spring of 1989.Over the years that
followed， the structure came to be loved by most， if not all， of its
critics.
　　Other well-known Pei buildings include the John F. Kennedy Library
in Dorchester， Massachusetts， the National Center for Atmospheric
Research in Boulder， Colorado， the East Wing of the National Gallery
of Art in Washington and the Dallas City Hall in Texas.
　　40. （　　） However， he continued to work on projects —
including museums in Luxembourg， Qatar and his ancestral home of
Suzhou.
A. Pei officially retired in 1990.
B. They honoured French history.
C. Louvre is one of the symbols of France.
D. He was fond of architecture at an early age.
E. One of his best-known works was built 30 years ago.
F. It was a very modern style of work for the 12th-century building.
G. Others thought Pei had ruined one of the world’s greatest landmarks.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章简要介绍了20世纪世界上最杰
出的建筑大师之一——贝聿铭。
36. E　下文提到贝聿铭的经典作品——卢浮宫玻璃金字塔，E项符合
语境。
37. F　本段介绍了贝聿铭的代表作品——卢浮宫玻璃金字塔，F项符
合语境。
38. G　上文两句都在说明外界对贝聿铭建筑作品的负面评价，G项也
属于负面评价，符合语境。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章简要介绍了20世纪世界上最杰
出的建筑大师之一——贝聿铭。
39. B　上文提到玻璃金字塔，与B项中的They相对应。B项正好是对
玻璃金字塔的补充说明，符合语境。
40. A　下文的However， he continued to work on暗示此处表达相反的
意思，故A项符合语境。
第三部分　语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳
选项。
　　When I retired， my wife Peg said，“Great！ You’ll have time to
clean the garage！” After 30 years’ 　41　 as director of a radio
station， I would finally have more time for housework， but I worried
I’d lose the sense of 　42　 I had felt in my profession.
I pushed at the garage’s wooden doors， but they were as 　43　 as
I felt in this new stage of my life.I finally got the doors open and started to
empty the shelves.Then my hand hit something 　44　.It was a common
old metal can.I 　45　 the cover and found a 　46　 envelope with a
postmark of 13 May 1940 inside. 　47　， I opened it and found some
flower seeds in it，“Eighty years old！ I wonder if they’ll still grow.”
I 　48　 the seeds in a plastic pot.I checked it every day， but
nothing happened.“I guess they’re just too 　49　 to be any good，”
I told Peg with 　50　.I picked up the pot to get rid of it， but something
made me 　51　.I changed my mind and set it aside.Meanwhile， I was
keeping 　52　， buying some books to improve my photography skills
and teaching my granddaughters everything I knew about gardening and
dogs.
Six weeks later， I was out in the yard when I 　53　 to notice the
pot.A new bit of green — a leaf had 　54　.I proudly showed it off to my
granddaughters.“Look， girls， even something this old can still 　55　
for its purpose and be pretty cool.Just like your grandpa！”
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者退休后在打扫仓库时发现一包
存放了80年的种子，没想到最后它们居然发芽了。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者退休后在打扫仓库时发现一包
存放了80年的种子，没想到最后它们居然发芽了。
41. A. dream B. belief
C. study D. service
解析： 　根据上文When I retired和下文as director of a radio
station可知，作者在电视台作为台长工作了30年。
42. A. freedom B. purpose
C. trust D. security
解析： 　根据最后一段中for its purpose和Just like your grandpa！
可知，刚退休时，作者担心在生活中没有目标，也做不好打扫仓
库等这样的事情。a sense of purpose意为“使命感，意义”。
43. A. worn B. stuck C. broken D. lost
解析： 　根据上文I pushed at the garage’s wooden doors、but以
及下文I finally got the doors open可知，这个门卡住了，就像我退
休后的生活一样。
44. A. delicate B. special
C. hard D. sharp
解析： 　根据下文It was a common old metal can.可知，我的手
触碰到的是一个金属罐；它是坚硬的。
45. A. removed B. washed
C. cleaned D. fastened
解析： 　根据空后的the cover and found可知，是打开盖子后才
发现里面的东西。
46. A. labeled B. selected
C. yellowed D. ruined
解析： 　根据下文with a postmark of 13 May 1940 inside可知，由
于年代久远，信封早已泛黄。
47. A. Curiously B. Sincerely
C. Skillfully D. Bravely
解析： 　根据上文with a postmark of 13 May 1940 inside可知，作
者对这个邮戳日期很早的信封很感兴趣，所以好奇地将它打开。
48. A. collected B. planted
C. abandoned D. stored
解析： 　根据下文the seeds in a plastic pot可知，作者把种子种在
塑料盆里。
49. A. old B. wet C. weak D. small
解析： 　根据上文Eighty years old！ I wonder if they’ll still
grow.及I checked it every day， but nothing happened.可知，作者
认为种子没发芽，是因为它们存放时间太久了。
50. A. anger B. surprise
C. regret D. relief
解析： 　根据上文I checked it every day， but nothing happened.
可知，作者期待的种子没有发芽，因此他很遗憾地告诉佩格。
51. A. delay B. reflect
C. hesitate D. disappoint
解析： 　根据上文I picked up the pot to get rid of it、 but以
及下文I changed my mind and set it aside.可知，作者想把它
扔掉时又犹豫了。
52. A. upset B. awake C. social D. busy
解析： 　根据下文可知，我一直忙碌着，也忘了种子的事情。
53. A. expected B. attempted
C. failed D. happened
解析： 　根据上下文可知，这段时期我一直忙着别的事情，忘
记了种子的事情，六周后我去院子里 意外发现了种子发芽。
happen to表示“碰巧”。
54. A. showed up B. fallen off
C. taken off D. dried up
解析： 　根据上下文可知，新的绿叶出现了。
55. A. compete B. grow
C. survive D. relax
解析： 　根据上文A new bit of green — a leaf和下文for its purpose
可知，这些种子为了自己的目标而生长。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的
正确形式。
　　The little-known city of Tianshui， in Northwest China’s Gansu
Province， is experiencing a tourism boom fueled by
56. 　　　　　　 （it） signature dish， the fiery malatang hotpot.
　　Featuring a mix of vegetables， meats and seafood
57. 　　　　　　 （boil） in a spicy broth （汤）， it has become
an unexpected Internet sensation， drawing visitors from across
China.
　　Tianshui 58. 　　　　　　 （welcome） 7.54 million tourists
since February， generating tourism revenue of 4.37 billion yuan
（$600 million）， according to the provincial culture and tourism
department.
　　A photo of 59. 　　　　　　 visibly exhausted Haiying
Malatang staff member went viral online， sparking lighthearted
discussion and highlighting its overwhelming popularity.
　　Ha Haiying， the owner of the restaurant， has been running the
restaurant for 26 years. Amid the bustling frenzy， Ha’s daily life
has transformed 60. 　　　　　　 （dramatical）， with her revenue
（收入） rising quickly and sleep 61. 　　　　　　 （decrease） to
a mere four hours per night.
　　Since early March， videos and photos of Tianshui malatang
have been going viral on social media platforms. It all started when a
netizen released a seven-second video on 13 February
62. 　　　　　　 attracted millions of views.
　　The secret to Tianshui malatang’s success？ Flavor and
affordability， according to Ha. She owes the unique taste
63. 　　　　　　 the special Gansu pepper （辣椒）.
　　The spicy delight isn’t the only draw， however. The sudden
increase in malatang consumption 64. 　　　　　　 （have） led to
a corresponding rise in visitors to Tianshui’s key 65. 　　　　　　
（attraction）， including the Maijishan Grottoes， a UNESCO
World Heritage Site， and a temple dedicated to Fuxi， the legendary
ancestor of the Chinese nation.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。位于中国西北部甘肃省鲜为人知的
天水市，因其麻辣烫而掀起了一股旅游热潮。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。位于中国西北部甘肃省鲜为人知的
天水市，因其麻辣烫而掀起了一股旅游热潮。
56. its　本空后面是名词词组signature dish （招牌菜），因此这里
应用形容词性物主代词来修饰它。
57. boiled　这里表示“在汤里被煮的蔬菜、肉和海鲜”，因此用
表达被动概念的过去分词作后置定语。
58. has welcomed　本句时间状语为since February，因此这里用现
在完成时。
59. a　本空后面的核心词是可数名词member，且空后visibly的发
音以辅音音素开头，因此用不定冠词a来修饰它，这里表示“一名
员工”。
60. dramatically　本空前面是谓语动词transformed，因此应用副词
来修饰它。
61. decreasing　这里是一个由“with＋名词＋动词-ing形式”构成
的with复合结构，decreasing与前面的rising是两个并列的动词-ing
形式。
62. which/that　本空前面的a seven-second video是一个先行词，这
里由关系代词which/that引导一个定语从句，它在从句中作主语。
63. to　owe ... to ...是一个固定搭配，表示“将……归功
于……”。
64. has　本句主语为The sudden increase，视为第三人称单数，因
此这里用助动词has。
65. attractions　这里attraction是一个可数名词，表示“旅游景
点”，根据语境应该用其复数形式。
第四部分　写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
　　假定你是李华，你的英国好友Peter对中国的书法和绘画很感
兴趣。请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括：
　　1. 书法绘画在中国的地位；
　　2. 学习书法绘画的好处；
　　3. 欢迎他来中国体验。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式作答。
Dear Peter，
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Yours，
Li Hua
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
参考范文：
Dear Peter，
　　Thanks for your interest in Chinese calligraphy and painting. In
ancient China， lyre-playing， chess， calligraphy and painting are
regarded as the four skills that an excellent scholar must master.
Nowadays， calligraphy and painting are still very important in China.
Actually， you can see art museums and training institutions which focus
on Chinese calligraphy and painting wherever you go.
　　It is widely believed that learning calligraphy and painting can not
only improve our intelligence but also cultivate our mind. What’s
more， it can develop our ability to appreciate beauty and make our lives
more colourful.
　　As the saying goes，“Seeing is believing.” I hope you will come
to China and experience the beauty of Chinese calligraphy and painting.
Looking forward to seeing you！
Yours，
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构
成一篇完整的短文。
　　Once upon a time， there lived a girl named Walk. She was a good
girl， but she never liked her name as all the kids around her made fun of
her name. She ran away from everybody who laughed at her name， so
Walk never really had friends. She would play alone all the time.
One day， Walk went to her favourite place near the river behind her
house， where she always spoke to the river in her own way. Today，
when talking to the river， she said，“You are so fortunate， as you get
to travel to different places and always be with your friends — ducks，
turtles， fishes， and plants. I wish I had more friends and wouldn’t be
alone anymore.”
When she was bored talking to the river， she picked up some stones
and tried to skip （打水漂） them across the river like her dad did.
However， she failed most of the time. Finally， she found a perfect
stone. She held it tightly in her fingers， and said to the river，“Oh，
dear river， if I could skip this stone all the way across， I would wish for
a dear friend just like you.” Saying this， Walk waved her arm back just
like her dad had taught her and threw the stone with full strength.
She watched the stone skip once， twice ... and to her amazement，
the stone went on skipping and eventually， on the seventh skip， made it
across the river onto the shore of the opposite side. Walk was totally
amazed. She could not just believe her eyes.
Her deep thoughts and happiness were disturbed when she heard
footsteps coming towards her. Walk looked around and found a little girl
was rolling down towards her. Walk panicked and hurried to get up to
help. However， she lost her balance and fell off， too.
　　The little girl was crying and holding her knee. Walk pulled
herself and went close to the girl， whose knee was bleeding. She said
gently to the little girl，“It will be alright. My house is nearby， let me
help you. My mother will take care of the wound.”
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式作答。
Once they arrived at her house， Walk called out， “Mom，
help！ Someone is injured.” 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　The little girl looked at Walk and asked，“What is your
name？” 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
参考范文：
Once they arrived at her house， Walk called out， “Mom， help！
Someone is injured.” On hearing this， Walk’s mother came quickly
with the first-aid box. She made the little girl sit on the sofa and started
cleaning the wound. She cleaned her knee， applied medicine to the
wound， and wrapped it with bandages， which made the girl relaxed.
She then asked the girl where she lived. The girl replied that she had just
moved here. All the houses looked so similar that she mixed them up.
Walk was surprised and felt a bit of joy thinking about her wish.
The little girl looked at Walk and asked，“What is your name？”
Walk froze and was scared to tell her name. However， Walk’s mother
replied， “Her name is Walk and I am glad she could help you.” On
hearing this， the little girl began to laugh. Walk felt sad and was near to
tears. Just then， the girl stopped laughing and sincerely apologised， “I
am sorry， but it is so funny as my name happens to be Run.” Walk was
surprised and almost broke into laughter herself. Her wish for the river had
come true， and now she had a very good friend named Run.
谢谢观看！

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