Unit 4 Sharing Section Ⅱ Learning About Language课件(共77张)+学案(含答案)+练习(含答案)

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Unit 4 Sharing Section Ⅱ Learning About Language课件(共77张)+学案(含答案)+练习(含答案)

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Section Ⅱ Learning About Language
维度一:单句语法填空
1.The two brothers both went       their father’s will, which made him very upset.
2.As       result, many accidents had taken place by the time a law was worked out.
3.When evening falls,many students crowd       the library and read relevant books in connection with their courses.
4.They certainly deserved       (win) that diving competition.
5.There were calls for her       (resign) from the board of directors.
维度二:语法与写作
1.政府向失业者分发食品。(介词短语作后置定语)
                                            
2.因为大雨,飞机没有准时起飞。(名词短语作宾语)
                                            
3.这个男孩应受惩罚,因为他偷了店里的平板电脑。(动词短语作谓语)
                                            
4.如果这个账单五天内不付,你的液化气供应将会被切断。(介词短语作状语)
                                            
                      
5.当人们不明白他想说什么时,他会感到沮丧。
                                            
维度三:语法与语篇
根据提示翻译下面语段。
上周日,我们的志愿者俱乐部(NP)去了敬老院。一到那里,我们就开始打扫卫生(VP),然后为老年人理发、唱歌。脸上带着灿烂的笑容(PrepP),老人们高兴地观看了我们的表演。虽然很累,但是我们感到很开心(AdjP)。最重要的是(AdvP),我们能够为他人做一些有益的事情。
                                            
                                            
                                            
                      
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2024·兰州高二下质检)Have you ever felt that your life might be jammed on fast forward, accelerating away from you into the distance? It’s not your imagination: we are surrounded by daily indications that the pace of life is picking up, from how quickly we think the day is passing, to the length of shots in Hollywood movies, to our ever-decreasing patience for standing around in queues.
Nowhere is this more common than in the office, where life can feel like an endless procession of emails and meetings.According to research by Jonathan B Spira, CEO of Basex, two thirds of workers felt that they didn’t have enough time to get everything done — and 94% have at some point felt “overwhelmed by information”.
When we think about stress at work, we make an association with “distress (痛苦)”, i.e.the kind of stress that causes us suffering.But we often overlook the “eustress” — the kind of positive, pleasant feeling that comes from tackling and mastering a difficult task.There must be something in the idea of eustress — most surveys of job satisfaction in Europe and the US suggest that most people don’t hate their jobs.
Even as it has increased the time pressure on us, an accelerated world has also changed the nature of our daily work — potentially making it more creative and rewarding.Yes, automation (自动化) has destroyed jobs (as well as created new ones).But automation has also taken away many tasks that were dull, routine or dangerous.
And as the digital revolution rolls on, helping to speed many tasks up, the jobs that are left, or newly created, are those that involve applying creativity to problems, or managing the processes that computers are carrying out.
There’s nothing that we like more than complaining about the pace of life.To be sure, an accelerated lifestyle has its stresses.But they are often fixable — for example by turning off email notifications.And if given the chance to give up the technology that enables this quickening pace, most of us wouldn’t go back.
1.What’s the main idea of the first paragraph?(  )
A.We become less patient. B.We live under great pressure.
C.Our lives are becoming quicker. D.Our lives are filled with information.
2.What do we often ignore according to the text?(  )
A.The harm of stress. B.The benefits of stress.
C.Our love of our jobs. D.Our hate for our jobs.
3.What does the author think of automation?(  )
A.It has done us great good. B.It has taken away our jobs.
C.It has replaced human beings. D.It has presented a threat to us.
4.What’s the author’s attitude towards a hurried lifestyle?(  )
A.Critical.       B.Worried.
C.Confused. D.Favourable.
B
(2024·济宁高二下月考)Parents from Shanghai to Chicago are proudly putting pictures of their children on social media.
It might be taken for granted — but no previous generation of children will have had the experience of having their entire childhoods intensively and publicly documented in this way.
In the UK, the average parent with a social media account has posted 1,498 photos of their child online by their fifth birthday, according to a survey by domain name company, Nominet.
This might be a global phenomenon for proud parents — but what about the children, who will have been too young to have any choice in the matter.
But the very first people to have had some of their childhood pictures posted online are now reaching adulthood. And they are not always happy about their formative years (形成期) being preserved online.
“When I was 12 or 13, I started realising there were things (on Facebook) that I thought were a bit embarrassing,” said 16-year-old Lucy, from Newcastle, whose dad has been posting pictures of her on the social networking site since she was seven.
“I asked him to take them down and he was happy to, but he didn’t quite understand why. If I had been asked (at the time), do you want these photos out there for all to see, I would’ve probably said no.”
Even those who were pleased to be on social media as children are less sure about it now. Dana Hurley, 20, from east London, said that as an 11-year-old she was happy for her parents to post photos of her on Facebook.
“At the time it was exciting ...I liked attention. Now it’s kind of weird (古怪的) because you look back and think, this was for everyone to see,” she said.
Parents may not realise it, but by posting photos and videos of their children online, they are creating an identity for their children that might not be welcomed, according to psychologist Dr Arthur Cassidy.
5.What’s the parents’ attitude towards putting their children’s pictures online?(  )
A.They feel proud. B.They feel regret.
C.They think it embarrassing. D.They think it inappropriate.
6.According to Nominet, how many pictures of a child are posted online every year?(  )
A.About 250. B.About 300.
C.About 350. D.About 400.
7.How did Lucy feel about her photos being posted online?(  )
A.Pleased. B.Curious.
C.Confused. D.Uncomfortable.
8.What can we learn about Dana Hurley?(  )
A.She always liked to get attention.
B.She felt satisfied with what her parents did.
C.She couldn’t understand her parents’ behaviour.
D.She changed her mind about posting photos online.
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
Happiness — you know it when you see it, but it’s hard to define.You might call it a sense of wellbeing, of optimism or of meaningfulness in life.9.(  ) We also know that we don’t always have control over our happiness.Research suggests that genetics (遗传学) may play a big role in our normal level of subjective well-being, so some of us may start out at a disadvantage.
10.(  ) “For physical health, it’s not so much happiness itself, but this ability to regulate (调节) and have a sense of purpose and meaning,” said Laura Kubzansky, professor of social and behavioural sciences at Harvard School of Public Health.
11.(  ) A 2012 review of more than 200 studies found positive psychological qualities, such as happiness, optimism and life satisfaction can lead to a lowered risk of cardiovascular (心血管的) disease.
It’s not as simple as “you must be happy to prevent heart attacks”,of course.If you have a good sense of wellbeing, it’s easier to maintain good habits:Exercising, eating a balanced diet and getting enough sleep, researchers said.12.(  )
You might be thinking:“Maybe I would be happier if I had more money.” There’s that old cliché “money doesn’t buy happiness” — but is it true? A 2010 study in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences found that emotional wellbeing rises with income up to a point, which seems to be a household income of 75,000.13.(  ) “More money does not necessarily buy more happiness, but less money is associated with emotional pain,” Kahneman and Deaton wrote.
A.Nothing is better than health.
B.It’s true that everyone is after happiness.
C.But whatever happiness is, we know that we want it.
D.Day-to-day happiness did not increase with higher incomes.
E.Managing emotional ups and downs is important for both body and mind.
F.Many studies have found a link between psychological and physical wellbeing.
G.People who have an optimistic mindset may be more likely to engage in healthy behaviours.
Ⅲ.完形填空
I’m a mixed-race Chinese-Canadian, but grew up in a white and Chinese neighbourhood in France.  14 , I never felt I particularly belonged to either. I was always in between. 15 to speak Chinese, I didn’t always feel  16  with the Chinese kids.
Through  17 , however, I could create a sense of  18 . While growing up, I ate and watched the Chinese food my grandmother and father cooked. Food became how I  19  to what it meant to be Chinese.
Now I operate a frozen handmade dumpling company in England. Every week I  20  thousands of dumplings, freeze them and  21  come to pick them up. It’s nothing new or  22 . I’m only a businessman with an iPhone and a website, but I  23  what I am doing with food and the  24  food can communicate.
In my business, I research the cooking styles of China to create delicious dumplings. Studying the cooking traditions and  25  these understandings through my business has turned out to be my salvation (救赎) in self-worth and  26 . I don’t know what I would be if I couldn’t cook, eat, think, live and  27  these traditions.
Food is our heritage — its preparation, taste, appearance and the stories around each dish display what a culture  28 . Also through food people in the world can find commonality.
14.( )A.Besides     B.However
C.Otherwise D.Meanwhile
15.( )A.Unable B.Pleased
C.Anxious D.Unprepared
16.( )A.ignored B.inspired
C.challenged D.included
17.( )A.language B.study
C.food D.communication
18.( )A.direction B.belonging
C.achievement D.responsibility
19.( )A.connected B.turned
C.compared D.adapted
20.( )A.sell B.fold
C.boil D.deliver
21.( )A.travelers B.cookers
C.customers D.salesmen
22.( )A.traditional B.regular
C.special D.common
23.( )A.keep to B.care about
C.depend on D.reflect on
24.( )A.levels B.messages
C.calories D.concepts
25.( )A.changing B.deepening
C.creating D.displaying
26.( )A.attitude B.fate
C.intelligence D.identity
27.( )A.share B.obey
C.search D.combine
28.( )A.explores B.suggests
C.confirms D.values
Ⅳ.语法填空
The pursuit of happiness and health is a popular effort.New findings recently reported in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences point towards an answer commonly 29.      (overlook): meaning in life.
One key question addressed in this research is: what advantage might 30.       (have) a strong sense of meaning in life afford a few years down the road?
31.       the whole, individuals with a higher sense of meaning in life a few years earlier were later living lives characterised by health and wellbeing.
We know a few things about participants in the research 32.       reported relatively higher meaning in life.For instance, they contacted their friends 33.       (frequent), belonged to social groups, engaged in volunteering, and maintained some healthy habits relating to sleep, diet and exercise.
Connecting socially with others 34.       (be) important for both happiness and meaning, 35.       doing so in a way that promotes meaning can happen at the cost of 36.       (person) happiness, at least temporarily.
Given the long-term social, mental, and physical 37.       (benefit) of having a sense of meaning in life, the recommendation here is clear.Rather than pursuing happiness as an end-state, ensuring one’s activities provide a sense of meaning might be a 38.       (good) route to living well.
Section Ⅱ Learning About Language
基础知识自测
维度一
1.against 2.a 3.in 4.to win 5.resignation
维度二
1.The government gave out food to people out of work.
2.The plane didn’t take off on time because of the heavy rain.
3.The boy deserved punishment for stealing/having stolen the tablet of the shop.
4.If this bill is not paid within five days, your gas supply will be cut off.
5.He gets/becomes very frustrated when people don’t understand what he’s trying to say.
维度三
  Last Sunday,our volunteer club went to the home for the aged.On arriving there, we got down to doing some cleaning, after which we cut hair and sang songs for the elderly.With big smiles on their faces, they watched our performance happily.Tired as we were, we felt very happy.Most importantly, we could do something beneficial to others.
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读:本文是一篇议论文。我们经常抱怨越来越多的压力和越来越快的生活节奏,可是,压力和快节奏也有其好处。
1.C 段落大意题。根据第一段可知,本段主要说明我们的生活节奏日益加快。
2.B 细节理解题。根据第三段可知,作者认为,我们通常只是看到压力之“弊”,却忽视了压力之“利”。
3.A 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段可知,作者认为,虽然自动化剥夺了一些工作,但它同时创造了一些新工作,而且还代替我们做一些枯燥和危险的工作。
4.D 观点态度题。根据最后一段可知,作者认为,虽然我们都抱怨现在快节奏的生活,但是没有人愿意再回到过去。由此判断,作者对快节奏的生活方式持赞成的态度。
语篇解读:本文是一篇议论文。很多父母都喜欢在社交媒体上晒自己孩子的照片,可是,这些父母是否考虑过孩子们长大后的想法和感受呢?
5.A 细节理解题。根据第一、二段可知,父母们对于在社交媒体上晒自己孩子照片的做法感到自豪并认为这理所当然。
6.B 细节理解题。根据第三段可知,Nominet的调查显示,小孩到5岁生日时,父母平均晒其照片1,498张,因此平均每年晒大约300张。
7.D 细节理解题。根据第六、七段可知,Lucy感觉自己的照片在网上被晒有点尴尬。
8.D 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段可知,Dana Hurley小时候喜欢自己的照片被晒,可是现在她感觉这样做很古怪。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读:本文是一篇议论文。文章主要探讨了何为幸福以及我们怎样才能获得幸福这一话题。
9.C 上句在讨论对“幸福”的定义,本句接着说“无论你怎么定义幸福,我们都渴望得到它”。因此C项符合语境。
10.E 下句提到的this ability to regulate正是指E项所说的“管理情绪起落的能力”。
11.F 下文告诉我们:一些研究表明,积极的心理品质会降低患心血管疾病的风险,因此F项(许多研究发现了心理和身体健康之间的联系)符合语境。
12.G 上文提到幸福感强的人往往会有良好的生活习惯,G项进一步说明:心态乐观的人更热爱参加健康的活动。
13.D 上句提到人们的幸福感会随着收入的增长而增强,本句接着告诉我们:当年收入超过75,000美元后,幸福感则不会进一步增加。因此D项符合语境。
Ⅲ.
语篇解读:本文是一篇记叙文。作为一名华裔,作者感觉在哪个群体中都找不到自己的归属;但是通过传承中国的饮食——水饺,却获得了一种归属感。
14.B 根据语境可知,虽然作者生长在既有中国人也有白人的社区,但是自己却没有特别感到自己属于哪个群体。前后句之间是转折关系。
15.A 根据下文内容可知,作者不会说汉语,所以和中国孩子们在一起时总是无法融入其中,自我感觉被排斥。
16.D 根据上下文语境可知,作者感觉不到自己真正属于哪个群体。
17.C 从下文多次出现的food和dumplings可知,作者在中国的饮食中找到了归属感。
18.B 参见上题解析。
19.A 作者在中国的饮食中找到了归属感,也就是中国的食物成了他和中国的联系。
20.B 根据语境可知,作者包好水饺后,把水饺冷冻,然后等顾客来取走。
21.C 前来购买作者水饺的应该统称为顾客。
22.C 根据下文内容可知,作者认为自己做的这些事不是什么新鲜事,也不是什么特别的事情。
23.B 根据空前but表示的转折内容可知,虽然作者认为自己仅仅是个生意人,但是他在乎自己做的事情。care about意为“在乎;关心”。
24.B 作者喜欢食物本身所传递的信息。
25.D 作者研究中国的饮食传统并且制作出更加美味的水饺。由此推断,他是在通过自己的生意来展现自己对中国饮食的理解。
26.D 根据上文可知,作者找不到归属,但是水饺却让他有了对中国饮食的认同,确定了自己的身份,从而获得了归属感。
27.A 作者通过研究饮食文化并且通过自己的生意展现出自己对饮食文化的理解,由此可知,他是在分享这些饮食文化传统。
28.D 饮食文化表现了一种民族文化所珍视的东西。
Ⅳ.
语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要告诉我们这样一个事实:给人生赋予意义有助于我们获得幸福。
29.overlooked 这里表示该答案“被忽略”,应用过去分词作后置定语。
30.having 本句中     a strong sense of meaning in life作主语,因此应用动词-ing形式。
31.On on the whole是固定短语,意为“总的说来”。
32.who/that 本句中participants为先行词,应用关系代词who/that引导一个定语从句。
33.frequently 此处应用一个副词来修饰谓语动词contacted,故填frequently。
34.is 本句主语为动词-ing短语Connecting socially with others,视为单数,故填系动词is。
35.but 前后两个分句存在转折关系,故填并列连词but。
36.personal 本空后面是名词happiness,故填形容词personal。
37.benefits 这里benefit是可数名词,应用复数形式。
38.better 这里是将ensuring one’s activities provide a sense of meaning与前面的pursuing happiness as an end-state进行对比,故填good的比较级better。
4 / 5Section Ⅱ Learning About Language
复习短语
①I just got a parcel from home!
②So I’ve been here in the jungle for about a month now.
③I’ve had to become much more imaginative in my teaching.
④To be honest, I doubt whether I’m making any difference to these boys’ lives at all.
⑤Last weekend I made my first visit to a remote village ...
⑥Another teacher and I walked for two and a half hours to get there ...
⑦When we arrived at the village, Tombe’s mother, Kiak, saw us coming and started crying “ieee ieee”.
⑧The only possessions I could see were one broom, a few saucers, a kettle, cups, pans, and a couple of jars.
⑨We left the village the next morning after many goodbyes and firm handshakes.
【我的发现】
1.上面句子中加黑部分为名词短语的是句   。
2.上面句子中加黑部分为动词短语的是句      。
3.上面句子中加黑部分为形容词短语的是句     。
4.上面句子中加黑部分为介词短语的是句      。
一、基本概念
英语中的短语是有一定意义但不构成独立从句或句子的一组词。从形式结构角度划分,英语的短语可分为名词短语、动词短语、形容词短语、副词短语、介词短语等。英语短语的句法功能通常与对应的单词的句法功能类似,比如,名词短语与名词功能相似,在句中主要作主语、宾语;介词短语主要充当定语、状语、补语。
He failed to get the first prize in the match.
他没能在比赛中获得一等奖。(failed to get是动词短语,the first prize是名词短语,in the match是介词短语)
二、短语分类
1.动词短语
(1)连系动词(be/feel/look ...)+形容词/过去分词+介词
be open to    对……开放
be interested in 对……感兴趣
be glad to meet you 见到你很高兴
be used to smoking 习惯于吸烟
(2)动词+动词-ing形式/to do/普通名词
enjoy doing sth 喜欢做某事
finish doing sth 做完某事
want to leave 想要离开
plan to do sth 计划做某事
drink wine 喝酒
walk the dog 遛狗
(3)动词+介词
act as 担任
act for 代理
apply to 应用于,适合于;向……申请
apply for 申请;要求
belong to 属于
belong in 住在;应归入……
belong with 应归于(类别、范畴等)
call on 号召,请求;拜访(on后接人)
call at 探访(at后接地方)
(4)动词+副词
put up 举起,张贴
put on 穿上
put down 放下
put away 放好,收拾好
give up 放弃,戒掉
give away 捐出;放出
give back 归还
(5)动词+副词+介词
look forward to 盼望,期望
look down upon/on 轻视,看不起
(6)动词+宾语+介词
spend ...on ... 把……花在……上
pay ...for ... 花……买……
pay attention to 重视,注意
make contributions to 为……作贡献
devote oneself to 投身于……
【即时演练1】 完成句子
 ①Once he           ,nothing could be done to           .
一旦他下定决心,任何事也不能改变他的想法。
②Meanwhile, his parents             his life and safety.
与此同时,他的父母担心他的生命和安全。
③Not until he          real hardship did he realise the love we have for our families is important.
直到他经历了真正的困难,他才意识到我们对家人的爱是重要的。
④We should         every opportunity to practise English so that we can eventually            it.
我们应该利用一切机会练习英语,以便最终能把它掌握好。
2.介词短语(介词+宾语)
介词短语与短语介词不同。介词短语是由介词加宾语构成,本身可作句子成分,如定语或状语等,可单独使用;而短语介词是用作介词的短语,不可独立使用,本身不能作句子成分,后面要跟名词、动词-ing形式或代词等。
【即时演练2】 完成句子
 ①Li Hua is fond of music, country music         .
李华喜欢音乐,尤其是乡村音乐。
②           the cell phone, not only can we get in contact with others, but we can also deal with some problems.
在手机的帮助下,我们不仅可以与他人联系,还可以处理一些问题。
③We all know success doesn’t happen         .Only through hard work can we manage to achieve our dreams.
我们都知道成功不是偶然发生的。只有通过努力,我们才能实现我们的梦想。
④         our joint efforts, our environment is becoming better and better.
由于我们的共同努力,我们的环境变得越来越好。
3.名词短语
名词短语是名词与它的修饰语一起构成的短语。
These red roses are for you.(作主语)
这些红玫瑰是送给你的。
I have three close friends.(作宾语)
我有三个亲密的朋友。
He is my best friend.(作表语)
他是我最好的朋友。
There are some red roses on that small table.(some red roses作主语, that small table作介词on的宾语)
那张小桌上有一些红玫瑰。
【即时演练3】 完成句子
 ①Fortunately,                 have been taken to ensure people’s lives and safety right away.幸运的是,已经立刻采取了很多措施来确保人们的生命和安全。
②(2023·全国甲卷)                    that are widely acknowledged,Fan Zhongyan is the most influential in my opinion.
在被广泛认可的中国历史人物中,我认为范仲淹是最有影响力的。
4.形容词、副词短语
too (short/young/tired ...) to ...     太(矮/小/累……)而不能……
(old/tall/strong ...) enough to ... 已足够(大/高/强壮……)而能够……
as soon as possible    尽快地
as well 也
as big as 和……一样大
not as/so old as 不如……老
less than 不到
much better than 比……好得多
more beautiful than 比……更漂亮
shorter and shorter 越来越短
the more, the better 越多越好
more and more careful 越来越小心
over and over again 一遍又一遍地
【即时演练4】 完成句子
 ①My friend Li Hua took part in the match         .
我的朋友李华也参加了比赛。
②My grandpa got down to protecting cultural relics at         20.
我爷爷不到20岁时就开始从事文物保护工作。
③In other words,repeating a game             teaches you how to play the game and get better at it.
换句话说,一遍又一遍地重复一个游戏可以教会你如何玩这个游戏并变得更擅长它。
deserve vt.值得;应得;应受
【教材原句】 “...I think everyone deserves the right to be happy,” she said.
她说:“……我认为每个人都应有幸福的权利。”
【用法】
deserve to do sth 应该做某事;值得做某事
deserve to be done=deserve doing ……值得被做
deserve consideration/attention 值得考虑/注意
deserve sth 值得……
【佳句】 ①Seeing that my parents were occupied with their work and looked exhausted, I felt that they deserved a good rest. (人物描写)
看到我的父母忙于工作,非常疲倦,我觉得他们应该好好休息一下。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①He deserves       (win) the game because he has been well prepared for it.
②You are a good human being and you deserve         (treat) as such.
【写美】 完成句子
③Actually, there are many selfless people like Uncle Li around us, and they well             .
其实,我们身边有很多像李叔叔这样无私的人,他们很值得我们尊敬。
Section Ⅱ Learning About Language
【重难语法·要攻克】
我的发现
1.①⑧ 2.④⑤⑦ 3.③ 4.②⑥⑨
即时演练1
①made up his mind; change his mind ②were concerned about ③went through ④make use of; have a good command of
即时演练2
①in particular ②With the help of ③by chance
④Thanks to
即时演练3
①a great number of measures
②Among the Chinese historical figures
即时演练4
①as well ②less than ③over and over again
【知识要点·须拾遗】
 ①to win ②to be treated/treating ③deserve our respect
4 / 5(共77张PPT)
Section Ⅱ Learning About Language
1
重难语法·要攻克
目 录
2
知识要点·须拾遗
3
课时检测·提能力
重难语法·要攻克
掌握核心语法
1
复习短语
①I just got a parcel from home!
②So I’ve been here in the jungle for about a month now.
③I’ve had to become much more imaginative in my teaching.
④To be honest, I doubt whether I’m making any difference to these
boys’ lives at all.
⑤Last weekend I made my first visit to a remote village ...
⑥Another teacher and I walked for two and a half hours to get there ...
⑦When we arrived at the village, Tombe’s mother, Kiak, saw us
coming and started crying “ieee ieee”.
⑧The only possessions I could see were one broom, a few saucers, a
kettle, cups, pans, and a couple of jars.
⑨We left the village the next morning after many goodbyes and firm
handshakes.
【我的发现】
1. 上面句子中加蓝部分为名词短语的是句 。
2. 上面句子中加蓝部分为动词短语的是句 。
3. 上面句子中加蓝部分为形容词短语的是句 。
4. 上面句子中加蓝部分为介词短语的是句 。
①⑧ 
④⑤⑦ 
③ 
②⑥⑨ 
一、基本概念
英语中的短语是有一定意义但不构成独立从句或句子的一组词。从形
式结构角度划分,英语的短语可分为名词短语、动词短语、形容词短
语、副词短语、介词短语等。英语短语的句法功能通常与对应的单词
的句法功能类似,比如,名词短语与名词功能相似,在句中主要作主
语、宾语;介词短语主要充当定语、状语、补语。
He failed to get the first prize in the match.
他没能在比赛中获得一等奖。(failed to get是动词短语,the first prize
是名词短语,in the match是介词短语)
二、短语分类
1. 动词短语
(1)连系动词(be/feel/look ...)+形容词/过去分词+介词
be open to 对……开放
be interested in 对……感兴趣
be glad to meet you 见到你很高兴
be used to smoking 习惯于吸烟
(2)动词+动词-ing形式/to do/普通名词
enjoy doing sth 喜欢做某事
finish doing sth 做完某事
want to leave 想要离开
plan to do sth 计划做某事
drink wine 喝酒
walk the dog 遛狗
(3)动词+介词
act as 担任
act for 代理
apply to 应用于,适合于;向……申请
apply for 申请;要求
belong to 属于
belong in 住在;应归入……
belong with 应归于(类别、范畴等)
call on 号召,请求;拜访(on后接人)
call at 探访(at后接地方)
(4)动词+副词
put up 举起,张贴
put on 穿上
put down 放下
put away 放好,收拾好
give up 放弃,戒掉
give away 捐出;放出
give back 归还
(5)动词+副词+介词
look forward to 盼望,期望
look down upon/on 轻视,看不起
(6)动词+宾语+介词
spend ...on ... 把……花在……上
pay ...for ... 花……买……
pay attention to 重视,注意
make contributions to 为……作贡献
devote oneself to 投身于……
【即时演练1】 完成句子
 ①Once he ,nothing could be done to .
一旦他下定决心,任何事也不能改变他的想法。
②Meanwhile, his parents his life and safety.
与此同时,他的父母担心他的生命和安全。
③Not until he real hardship did he realise the love we have for our families is important.
直到他经历了真正的困难,他才意识到我们对家人的爱是重要的。
made up his mind 
change his mind 
were concerned about 
went through 
④We should every opportunity to practise English so
that we can eventually it.
我们应该利用一切机会练习英语,以便最终能把它掌握好。
make use of 
have a good command of 
2. 介词短语(介词+宾语)
介词短语与短语介词不同。介词短语是由介词加宾语构成,本身可
作句子成分,如定语或状语等,可单独使用;而短语介词是用作介
词的短语,不可独立使用,本身不能作句子成分,后面要跟名词、
动词-ing形式或代词等。
【即时演练2】 完成句子
 ①Li Hua is fond of music, country music .
李华喜欢音乐,尤其是乡村音乐。
② the cell phone, not only can we get in contact
with others, but we can also deal with some problems.
在手机的帮助下,我们不仅可以与他人联系,还可以处理一些问题。
③We all know success doesn’t happen .Only through hard
work can we manage to achieve our dreams.
我们都知道成功不是偶然发生的。只有通过努力,我们才能实现我们
的梦想。
in particular 
With the help of 
by chance 
④ our joint efforts, our environment is becoming better
and better.
由于我们的共同努力,我们的环境变得越来越好。
Thanks to 
3. 名词短语
名词短语是名词与它的修饰语一起构成的短语。
These red roses are for you.(作主语)
这些红玫瑰是送给你的。
I have three close friends.(作宾语)
我有三个亲密的朋友。
He is my best friend.(作表语)
他是我最好的朋友。
There are some red roses on that small table.(some red roses作主
语, that small table作介词on的宾语)
那张小桌上有一些红玫瑰。
【即时演练3】 完成句子
①Fortunately, have been taken to
ensure people’s lives and safety right away.
幸运的是,已经立刻采取了很多措施来确保人们的生命和安全。
②(2023·全国甲卷) that are
widely acknowledged,Fan Zhongyan is the most influential in my
opinion.
在被广泛认可的中国历史人物中,我认为范仲淹是最有影响力的。
a great number of measures 
Among the Chinese historical figures 
4. 形容词、副词短语
too (short/young/tired ...) to ...太(矮/小/累……)而不能……
(old/tall/strong ...) enough to ...
已足够(大/高/强壮……)而能够……
as soon as possible 尽快地
as well 也
as big as 和……一样大
not as/so old as 不如……老
less than 不到
much better than 比……好得多
more beautiful than 比……更漂亮
shorter and shorter 越来越短
the more, the better 越多越好
more and more careful 越来越小心
over and over again 一遍又一遍地
【即时演练4】 完成句子
 ①My friend Li Hua took part in the match .
我的朋友李华也参加了比赛。
②My grandpa got down to protecting cultural relics at 20.
我爷爷不到20岁时就开始从事文物保护工作。
③In other words,repeating a game teaches you how to play the game and get better at it.
换句话说,一遍又一遍地重复一个游戏可以教会你如何玩这个游戏并变得更擅长它。
as well 
less than 
over and over again 
知识要点·须拾遗
关注高频词汇
2
deserve vt.值得;应得;应受
【教材原句】 “...I think everyone deserves the right to be
happy,” she said.
她说:“……我认为每个人都应有幸福的权利。”
【用法】
deserve to do sth  应该做某事;值得做某事
deserve to be done=deserve doing   ……值得被做
deserve consideration/attention  值得考虑/注意
deserve sth   值得……
【佳句】 Seeing that my parents were occupied with their work and
looked exhausted, I felt that they deserved a good rest. (人物描写)
看到我的父母忙于工作,非常疲倦,我觉得他们应该好好休息一下。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①He deserves (win) the game because he has been well
prepared for it.
②You are a good human being and you deserve
(treat) as such.
to win 
to be treated/treating 
【写美】 完成句子
③Actually, there are many selfless people like Uncle Li around us, and
they well .
其实,我们身边有很多像李叔叔这样无私的人,他们很值得我们
尊敬。
deserve our respect 
课时检测·提能力
培育学科素养
3
维度一:单句语法填空
1. The two brothers both went their father’s will, which
made him very upset.
2. As result, many accidents had taken place by the time a law
was worked out.
3. When evening falls,many students crowd the library and read
relevant books in connection with their courses.
against 
a 
in 
4. They certainly deserved (win) that diving competition.
5. There were calls for her (resign) from the board of
directors.
to win 
resignation 
维度二:语法与写作
1. 政府向失业者分发食品。(介词短语作后置定语)

2. 因为大雨,飞机没有准时起飞。(名词短语作宾语)

3. 这个男孩应受惩罚,因为他偷了店里的平板电脑。(动词短语
作谓语)


The government gave out food to people out of work.
The plane didn’t take off on time because of the heavy rain.
The boy deserved punishment for stealing/having stolen the tablet of the
shop.
4. 如果这个账单五天内不付,你的液化气供应将会被切断。(介词短
语作状语)

5. 当人们不明白他想说什么时,他会感到沮丧。


If this bill is not paid within five days, your gas supply will be cut off.
He gets/becomes very frustrated when people don’t understand what
he’s trying to say.
维度三:语法与语篇
  根据提示翻译下面语段。
  上周日,我们的志愿者俱乐部(NP)去了敬老院。一到那里,我
们就开始打扫卫生(VP),然后为老年人理发、唱歌。脸上带着灿烂
的笑容(PrepP),老人们高兴地观看了我们的表演。虽然很累,但
是我们感到很开心(AdjP)。最重要的是(AdvP),我们能够为他
人做一些有益的事情。
  




    Last Sunday,our volunteer club went to the home for the aged.On
arriving there, we got down to doing some cleaning, after which we cut
hair and sang songs for the elderly.With big smiles on their faces, they
watched our performance happily.Tired as we were, we felt very
happy.Most importantly, we could do something beneficial to others. 
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
  (2024·兰州高二下质检)Have you ever felt that your life might be
jammed on fast forward, accelerating away from you into the distance?
It’s not your imagination: we are surrounded by daily indications that
the pace of life is picking up, from how quickly we think the day is
passing, to the length of shots in Hollywood movies, to our ever-
decreasing patience for standing around in queues.
  Nowhere is this more common than in the office, where life can feel
like an endless procession of emails and meetings.According to research
by Jonathan B Spira, CEO of Basex, two thirds of workers felt that they
didn’t have enough time to get everything done — and 94% have at some
point felt “overwhelmed by information”.
  When we think about stress at work, we make an association with
“distress (痛苦)”, i.e.the kind of stress that causes us
suffering.But we often overlook the “eustress” — the kind of positive,
pleasant feeling that comes from tackling and mastering a difficult
task.There must be something in the idea of eustress — most surveys of
job satisfaction in Europe and the US suggest that most people don’t hate
their jobs.
  Even as it has increased the time pressure on us, an accelerated
world has also changed the nature of our daily work — potentially making
it more creative and rewarding.Yes, automation (自动化) has
destroyed jobs (as well as created new ones).But automation has also
taken away many tasks that were dull, routine or dangerous.
  And as the digital revolution rolls on, helping to speed many tasks
up, the jobs that are left, or newly created, are those that involve
applying creativity to problems, or managing the processes that
computers are carrying out.
  There’s nothing that we like more than complaining about the pace
of life.To be sure, an accelerated lifestyle has its stresses.But they are
often fixable — for example by turning off email notifications.And if
given the chance to give up the technology that enables this quickening
pace, most of us wouldn’t go back.
语篇解读:本文是一篇议论文。我们经常抱怨越来越多的压力和越
来越快的生活节奏,可是,压力和快节奏也有其好处。
语篇解读:本文是一篇议论文。我们经常抱怨越来越多的压力和越
来越快的生活节奏,可是,压力和快节奏也有其好处。
1. What’s the main idea of the first paragraph?(  )
A. We become less patient.
B. We live under great pressure.
C. Our lives are becoming quicker.
D. Our lives are filled with information.
解析: 段落大意题。根据第一段可知,本段主要说明我们的生
活节奏日益加快。
2. What do we often ignore according to the text?(  )
A. The harm of stress.
B. The benefits of stress.
C. Our love of our jobs.
D. Our hate for our jobs.
解析: 细节理解题。根据第三段可知,作者认为,我们通常只
是看到压力之“弊”,却忽视了压力之“利”。
3. What does the author think of automation?(  )
A. It has done us great good.
B. It has taken away our jobs.
C. It has replaced human beings.
D. It has presented a threat to us.
解析: 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段可知,作者认为,虽然自
动化剥夺了一些工作,但它同时创造了一些新工作,而且还代替我
们做一些枯燥和危险的工作。
4. What’s the author’s attitude towards a hurried lifestyle?(  )
A. Critical. B. Worried.
C. Confused. D. Favourable.
解析: 观点态度题。根据最后一段可知,作者认为,虽然我们
都抱怨现在快节奏的生活,但是没有人愿意再回到过去。由此判
断,作者对快节奏的生活方式持赞成的态度。
B
  (2024·济宁高二下月考)Parents from Shanghai to Chicago are
proudly putting pictures of their children on social media.
  It might be taken for granted — but no previous generation of
children will have had the experience of having their entire childhoods
intensively and publicly documented in this way.
  In the UK, the average parent with a social media account has
posted 1,498 photos of their child online by their fifth birthday,
according to a survey by domain name company, Nominet.
  This might be a global phenomenon for proud parents — but what
about the children, who will have been too young to have any choice in
the matter.
  But the very first people to have had some of their childhood pictures
posted online are now reaching adulthood. And they are not always happy
about their formative years (形成期) being preserved online.
  “When I was 12 or 13, I started realising there were things (on
Facebook) that I thought were a bit embarrassing,” said 16-year-old
Lucy, from Newcastle, whose dad has been posting pictures of her on
the social networking site since she was seven.
  “I asked him to take them down and he was happy to, but he
didn’t quite understand why. If I had been asked (at the time), do
you want these photos out there for all to see, I would’ve probably said
no.”
  Even those who were pleased to be on social media as children are
less sure about it now. Dana Hurley, 20, from east London, said that
as an 11-year-old she was happy for her parents to post photos of her on
Facebook.
  “At the time it was exciting ...I liked attention. Now it’s kind of
weird (古怪的) because you look back and think, this was for
everyone to see,” she said.
  Parents may not realise it, but by posting photos and videos of their
children online, they are creating an identity for their children that might
not be welcomed, according to psychologist Dr Arthur Cassidy.
语篇解读:本文是一篇议论文。很多父母都喜欢在社交媒体上晒自
己孩子的照片,可是,这些父母是否考虑过孩子们长大后的想法和
感受呢?
语篇解读:本文是一篇议论文。很多父母都喜欢在社交媒体上晒自
己孩子的照片,可是,这些父母是否考虑过孩子们长大后的想法和
感受呢?
5. What’s the parents’ attitude towards putting their children’s
pictures online?(  )
A. They feel proud.
B. They feel regret.
C. They think it embarrassing.
D. They think it inappropriate.
解析: 细节理解题。根据第一、二段可知,父母们对于在社交
媒体上晒自己孩子照片的做法感到自豪并认为这理所当然。
6. According to Nominet, how many pictures of a child are posted online
every year?(  )
A. About 250. B. About 300.
C. About 350. D. About 400.
解析: 细节理解题。根据第三段可知,Nominet的调查显示,
小孩到5岁生日时,父母平均晒其照片1,498张,因此平均每年晒
大约300张。
7. How did Lucy feel about her photos being posted online?(  )
A. Pleased. B. Curious.
C. Confused. D. Uncomfortable.
解析: 细节理解题。根据第六、七段可知,Lucy感觉自己的照
片在网上被晒有点尴尬。
8. What can we learn about Dana Hurley?(  )
A. She always liked to get attention.
B. She felt satisfied with what her parents did.
C. She couldn’t understand her parents’ behaviour.
D. She changed her mind about posting photos online.
解析: 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段可知,Dana Hurley小时候
喜欢自己的照片被晒,可是现在她感觉这样做很古怪。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
  Happiness — you know it when you see it, but it’s hard to
define.You might call it a sense of wellbeing, of optimism or of
meaningfulness in life.9.(  ) We also know that we don’t always
have control over our happiness.Research suggests that genetics (遗传
学) may play a big role in our normal level of subjective well-being, so
some of us may start out at a disadvantage.
  10. (  ) “For physical health, it’s not so much happiness
itself, but this ability to regulate (调节) and have a sense of purpose
and meaning,” said Laura Kubzansky, professor of social and
behavioural sciences at Harvard School of Public Health.
  11. (  ) A 2012 review of more than 200 studies found positive
psychological qualities, such as happiness, optimism and life
satisfaction can lead to a lowered risk of cardiovascular (心血管的)
disease.
  It’s not as simple as “you must be happy to prevent heart
attacks”,of course.If you have a good sense of wellbeing, it’s easier
to maintain good habits:Exercising, eating a balanced diet and getting
enough sleep, researchers said.12.(  )
  You might be thinking:“Maybe I would be happier if I had more
money.” There’s that old cliché “money doesn’t buy happiness” —
but is it true? A 2010 study in Proceedings of the National Academy of
Sciences found that emotional wellbeing rises with income up to a point,
which seems to be a household income of 75,000.13.(  )
“More money does not necessarily buy more happiness, but less money
is associated with emotional pain,” Kahneman and Deaton wrote.
A. Nothing is better than health.
B. It’s true that everyone is after happiness.
C. But whatever happiness is, we know that we want it.
D. Day-to-day happiness did not increase with higher incomes.
E. Managing emotional ups and downs is important for both body and
mind.
F. Many studies have found a link between psychological and physical
wellbeing.
G. People who have an optimistic mindset may be more likely to engage
in healthy behaviours.
语篇解读:本文是一篇议论文。文章主要探讨了何为幸福以及我们
怎样才能获得幸福这一话题。
9. C 上句在讨论对“幸福”的定义,本句接着说“无论你怎么定义
幸福,我们都渴望得到它”。因此C项符合语境。
10. E 下句提到的this ability to regulate正是指E项所说的“管理情绪
起落的能力”。
11. F 下文告诉我们:一些研究表明,积极的心理品质会降低患心血
管疾病的风险,因此F项(许多研究发现了心理和身体健康之间的联
系)符合语境。
语篇解读:本文是一篇议论文。文章主要探讨了何为幸福以及我们
怎样才能获得幸福这一话题。
12. G 上文提到幸福感强的人往往会有良好的生活习惯,G项进一步
说明:心态乐观的人更热爱参加健康的活动。
13. D 上句提到人们的幸福感会随着收入的增长而增强,本句接着
告诉我们:当年收入超过75,000美元后,幸福感则不会进一步增
加。因此D项符合语境。
Ⅲ.完形填空
  I’m a mixed-race Chinese-Canadian, but grew up in a white and
Chinese neighbourhood in France.  14 , I never felt I particularly
belonged to either. I was always in between.  15 to speak Chinese, I
didn’t always feel  16  with the Chinese kids.
  Through  17 , however, I could create a sense of  18 .
While growing up, I ate and watched the Chinese food my grandmother
and father cooked. Food became how I  19  to what it meant to be
Chinese.
  Now I operate a frozen handmade dumpling company in England.
Every week I  20  thousands of dumplings, freeze them and  21 
come to pick them up. It’s nothing new or  22 . I’m only a
businessman with an iPhone and a website, but I  23  what I am doing
with food and the  24  food can communicate.
  In my business, I research the cooking styles of China to create
delicious dumplings. Studying the cooking traditions and  25  these
understandings through my business has turned out to be my salvation
(救赎) in self-worth and  26 . I don’t know what I would be if I
couldn’t cook, eat, think, live and  27  these traditions.
  Food is our heritage — its preparation, taste, appearance and the
stories around each dish display what a culture  28 . Also through food
people in the world can find commonality.
语篇解读:本文是一篇记叙文。作为一名华裔,作者感觉在哪个群
体中都找不到自己的归属;但是通过传承中国的饮食——水饺,却
获得了一种归属感。
语篇解读:本文是一篇记叙文。作为一名华裔,作者感觉在哪个群
体中都找不到自己的归属;但是通过传承中国的饮食——水饺,却
获得了一种归属感。
14. A. Besides B. However
C. Otherwise D. Meanwhile
解析: 根据语境可知,虽然作者生长在既有中国人也有白人
的社区,但是自己却没有特别感到自己属于哪个群体。前后句之
间是转折关系。
15. A. Unable B. Pleased
C. Anxious D. Unprepared
解析:  根据下文内容可知,作者不会说汉语,所以和中国孩
子们在一起时总是无法融入其中,自我感觉被排斥。
16. A. ignored B. inspired
C. challenged D. included
解析:  根据上下文语境可知,作者感觉不到自己真正属于哪
个群体。
17. A. language B. study
C. food D. communication
解析:  从下文多次出现的food和dumplings可知,作者在中国
的饮食中找到了归属感。
18. A. direction B. belonging
C. achievement D. responsibility
解析:  参见上题解析。
19. A. connected B. turned
C. compared D. adapted
解析:  作者在中国的饮食中找到了归属感,也就是中国的食
物成了他和中国的联系。
20. A. sell B. fold C. boil D. deliver
解析:  根据语境可知,作者包好水饺后,把水饺冷冻,然后
等顾客来取走。
21. A. travelers B. cookers
C. customers D. salesmen
解析:  前来购买作者水饺的应该统称为顾客。
22. A. traditional B. regular
C. special D. common
解析:  根据下文内容可知,作者认为自己做的这些事不是什
么新鲜事,也不是什么特别的事情。
23. A. keep to B. care about
C. depend on D. reflect on
解析:  根据空前but表示的转折内容可知,虽然作者认为自己
仅仅是个生意人,但是他在乎自己做的事情。care about意为“在
乎;关心”。
24. A. levels B. messages
C. calories D. concepts
解析:  作者喜欢食物本身所传递的信息。
25. A. changing B. deepening
C. creating D. displaying
解析:  作者研究中国的饮食传统并且制作出更加美味的水
饺。由此推断,他是在通过自己的生意来展现自己对中国饮食的
理解。
26. A. attitude B. fate
C. intelligence D. identity
解析:  根据上文可知,作者找不到归属,但是水饺却让他有
了对中国饮食的认同,确定了自己的身份,从而获得了归属感。
27. A. share B. obey
C. search D. combine
解析:  作者通过研究饮食文化并且通过自己的生意展现出
自己对饮食文化的理解,由此可知,他是在分享这些饮食文化
传统。
28. A. explores B. suggests
C. confirms D. values
解析:  饮食文化表现了一种民族文化所珍视的东西。
Ⅳ.语法填空
  The pursuit of happiness and health is a popular effort.New findings
recently reported in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences point
towards an answer commonly 29.        (overlook): meaning
in life.
  One key question addressed in this research is: what advantage
might 30.        (have) a strong sense of meaning in life afford
a few years down the road?
  31.        the whole, individuals with a higher sense of
meaning in life a few years earlier were later living lives characterised by
health and wellbeing.
  We know a few things about participants in the research
32.        reported relatively higher meaning in life.For
instance, they contacted their friends 33.        (frequent),
belonged to social groups, engaged in volunteering, and maintained
some healthy habits relating to sleep, diet and exercise.
  Connecting socially with others 34.        (be) important
for both happiness and meaning, 35.        doing so in a way
that promotes meaning can happen at the cost of 36.       
(person) happiness, at least temporarily.
  Given the long-term social, mental, and physical
37.        (benefit) of having a sense of meaning in life, the
recommendation here is clear.Rather than pursuing happiness as an end-
state, ensuring one’s activities provide a sense of meaning might be a
38.        (good) route to living well.
语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要告诉我们这样一个事实:
给人生赋予意义有助于我们获得幸福。
29. overlooked 这里表示该答案“被忽略”,应用过去分词作后
置定语。
30. having 本句中      a strong sense of meaning in life作主语,
因此应用动词-ing形式。
31. On on the whole是固定短语,意为“总的说来”。
32. who/that 本句中participants为先行词,应用关系代词who/that引
导一个定语从句。
语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要告诉我们这样一个事实:
给人生赋予意义有助于我们获得幸福。
33. frequently 此处应用一个副词来修饰谓语动词contacted,故填
frequently。
34. is 本句主语为动词-ing短语Connecting socially with others,视为
单数,故填系动词is。
35. but 前后两个分句存在转折关系,故填并列连词but。
36. personal 本空后面是名词happiness,故填形容词personal。
37. benefits 这里benefit是可数名词,应用复数形式。
38. better 这里是将ensuring one’s activities provide a sense of
meaning与前面的pursuing happiness as an end-state进行对比,故填good
的比较级better。
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