资源简介

Section Ⅲ　Integrated skills
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
　　It’s fascinated us for centuries， inspiring astronomers， science fiction writers and more than a few star-gazing entrepreneurs （凝视星空的企业家） who have plans to launch their own missions to Mars.But will we really ever land on the red planet where a year lasts 687 days？
　　After the Apollo Moon missions in the 1970s， sending astronauts to Mars seemed the next logical step， but it would be a “giant leap”.At this point， the success rate of our robot missions does not inspire confidence.Russia has launched 21 Mars rockets to date， including five unmanned landers， but only two orbiters completed their missions.The US has been more successful， losing only five out of 23 missions.Clearly， some more work is needed before we can consider sending humans to Mars.
　　But， sooner or later， we will go.And one thing that can be done in the meantime is to test human psychological endurance （承受力） for such a mission.These testing conditions have been simulated （模拟） on Earth in order to evaluate their effect on people.One example is Mars 500， a Russian/European/Chinese project carried out between 2007 and 2011 in an isolation facility in a Moscow car park.It ended after a 520-day stay by six volunteers.They claimed to have stayed in good health throughout， but some avoided exercise and hid from their co-workers， and four had difficulty sleeping.
　　Mars Society president Robert Zubrin has a mission plan that， he believes， will be safer and cheaper than any other.It involves launching an unmanned Earth Return Vehicle （ERV） that would land on Mars and use solar or nuclear power and imported hydrogen to produce methane （甲烷） and oxygen from Martian CO2.In other words， rocket fuel.This means that humans would set out once they knew there would be a fuelled return vehicle waiting for them on Mars.And because most of the fuel for the return trip would be made on Mars， Zubrin believes huge energy and cost savings could be made.
1.What does the author think of our robot missions to Mars so far？（　　）
A.They are inspiring.
B.They are improving.
C.They are unnecessary.
D.They are unsatisfactory.
2.What was the purpose of Mars 500 according to Paragraph 3？（　　）
A.To study how teamwork matters in space missions.
B.To enhance the psychological qualities of astronauts.
C.To compare the differences between Earth and Mars.
D.To find out how conditions on Mars may impact humans.
3.What does the underlined word “This” in the last paragraph refer to？（　　）
A.The unique feature of Martian CO2.
B.The strong fuel delivery of return vehicles.
C.The ability to produce rocket fuel on Mars.
D.The successful launch of an unmanned ERV.
4.What is the best title for the text？（　　）
A.Does Life Really Exist on Mars？
B.Will We Ever Set Foot on Mars？
C.Is Living on Mars Even a Good Idea？
D.Why Are We So Fascinated with Mars？
B
　　In the hours after Hurricane Katrina struck America in 2005， destroying large parts of New Orleans， the people co-ordinating （协调） the disaster response urgently needed satellite pictures to show them what they were facing.The first images to come in were not from the satellites launched by NASA or the space agencies of other developed countries.They were sent to Earth by a small Nigerian satellite that had been launched from Russia just two years earlier.
　　The small object is Nigeria’s first satellite and only the second launched by a sub-Saharan （撒哈拉沙漠以南的） African country.South Africa’s SUNSAT is the region’s first satellite， which was built by students at Stellenbosch University and got a free ride on a NASA rocket.In 2019 another five African countries launched satellites， bringing its total in orbit that year to 41.At least 20 African countries now have space programmes.
　　Space in Africa， a consultancy based in Nigeria， estimates that African governments budgeted about $500m for their space agencies in 2020.That is a sliver of the $23bn spent last year by NASA， but it still marked a big jump from the $325m they spent in 2019.African governments argue that their investments in space programmes help to build local skills that can attract investment and affect other areas of the economy.The Square Kilometre Array （SKA）， an internationally funded radio telescope being built in South Africa， will pull in almost $2.3bn of investment and is creating thousands of jobs.It is also inspiring youngsters to study engineering.
　　African countries missed out on the big shift in the world’s economy in the 1990s， when manufacturing （制造业） moved from developed countries to those countries in Asia， because they were not nimble enough to open their economies and attract investment.Now they are entering the space industry just as it is being disturbed by new arrivals， who are making small satellites that cost a tiny part of the price of big ones.That offers a rare opportunity to countries and companies responsive enough to grasp it.
5.Why is Hurricane Katrina mentioned in Paragraph 1？（　　）
A.To stress its serious damage to America.
B.To praise Russia’s immediate assistance.
C.To show Africa’s progress in the space race.
D.To demonstrate NASA’s significant influence.
6.What can we say about the SUNSAT？（　　）
A.It was worth as much as $500m in total.
B.It was the first launched South African satellite.
C.It was sent into space by South Africa independently.
D.It was made by students at Stellenbosch University in 2019.
7.What can be inferred about the SKA？（　　）
A.It is still up in the air.
B.It is a win-win project.
C.It will soon run out of funds.
D.It will make Africa a super continent.
8.What does the underlined word “nimble” in the last paragraph mean？（　　）
A.Flexible. B.Foolish.
C.Independent. D.Unfortunate.
C
　　Born in 1918， in the little town of White Sulphur Springs， West Virginia， Katherine Johnson was simply attracted by numbers.As a child， she counted everything.She counted the steps to the road， the steps up to the church， the number of dishes she washed ...By the time she was 10 years old， she was a high school freshman， which was truly amazing in a time when school for African-Americans normally stopped at eighth grade.To fulfil her maths potential， her father drove his family 120 miles to Institute， West Virginia， where blacks could continue high school education.Johnson’s excellent performance proved her father’s decision was the right one：Katherine skipped grades （跳级） to graduate from high school at 14 and from college at 18.
　　In 1953， after years as a teacher and later as a stay-at-home mum， she began working for NASA， which began hiring women to measure and calculate the results of wind tunnel （风洞） tests in 1935.In a time before the electronic computers， these women were called the “computer”.Even after NASA began using electronic computers， the astronaut John Glenn requested that Katherine should personally recheck the calculations made by the new electronic computers before his flight.
　　She continued to work at NASA until 1986.Her calculations proved momentous to the success of the Apollo moon-landing programme and the United States’ journey into space.Her story was the basis for the 2016 film Hidden Figures.
　　Katherine Johnson， a great mathematician， physicist， space scientist and the last “computer” that wore skirts， passed away on 24 February 2020.
9.What can be learnt from Paragraph 1？（　　）
A.Katherine left high school at eighth grade.
B.Katherine was gifted in maths as a child.
C.Katherine was required to count in her childhood.
D.African-Americans had a good education in the 1920s.
10.How long did Katherine work at NASA？（　　）
A.For 18 years.　　　　　B.For 33 years.
C.For 51 years. D.For 81 years.
11.Which best explains the underlined word “momentous” in Paragraph 3？（　　）
A.Important. B.Successful.
C.Dangerous. D.Harmful.
12.What’s the best title for the text？（　　）
A.Scientists at NASA
B.Katherine Johnson’s Education
C.A Great Mathematician’s Decision
D.Katherine Johnson， a Computer That Wore Skirts
D
　　The surface of Mars is etched （蚀刻） with ancient river valleys and lake basins.Some researchers think that liquid water once flowed on the Red Planet.Today， Mars is too cold for much， if any， liquid water to exist.And 3.8 billion years ago， when the flowing water formed， the sun was fainter than it is today， making it even harder to imagine a warm Martian climate.That’s why many researchers think Mars may have gone in and out of deep freezes.
　　Some researchers have suggested that early Mars only melt when large asteroid （小行星） impacts or volcanic eruptions temporarily warmed the planet.But Kasting， a geologist at Pennsylvania State University， thinks warm windows from such dramatic events would have been too brief to carve the vast valleys that exist on Mars.Now， Kasting and his colleagues have come up with an alternative explanation：They think Mars may have experienced a series of climate cycles caused by changes in the strength of the greenhouse effect.
　　The idea goes like this：When Mars was cold and frozen， volcanoes continued to erupt the greenhouse gases carbon dioxide and hydrogen into the atmosphere.There， the gas blanket trapped heat and warmed the planet up until liquid water began to flow， forming Mars’ rivers and lakes.However， warm temperatures and abundant water would also have sped up certain chemical reactions that consumed carbon dioxide， mitigating the greenhouse effect and cooling the planet back down again.Then the cycle would repeat.
　　Kasting shared his theory with other astronomers at the December meeting of the American Geophysical Union in San Francisco， and in the journal Earth and Planetary Science Letters.So far， Kasting’s team has only shown that such an explanation is possible.But the researchers say field trips could help test the idea by looking for evidence of multiple warm events， and their duration.
13.What made researchers believe that liquid water once existed on Mars？（　　）
A.The colour of the planet.
B.The geological features of Mars.
C.The temperatures of the sun.
D.The natural climate of Mars.
14.Which idea may Kasting agree with？（　　）
A.Large asteroids had no impact on Mars.
B.Volcanic eruptions were very frequent on Mars.
C.There were no carbon dioxide and hydrogen on Mars.
D.The vast valleys on Mars couldn’t be formed in a short time.
15.What does the underlined word “mitigating” in Paragraph 3 mean？（　　）
A.Reducing. B.Imitating.
C.Predicting. D.Enhancing.
16.Which of the following might confirm Kasting’s theory？（　　）
A.The publication of the journal.
B.The future Mars missions.
C.The design of the climate model.
D.The cooperation with astronomers.
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
　　 Now， imagine we’re deep space explorers and we’ve found something out in space that is both extremely heavy and very small.This mysterious object would pull so powerfully that nothing inside could escape to the outside.17.（　　） Again imagine we stay in our spaceship at a safe distance and make a movie of this black hole.18.（　　） We would instead see the black hole eat anything that came too close.We get lucky： as we watch， the black hole swallows an entire star！
　　Our movie， titled Black Hole Eats a Star gets a million views online.19.（　　） In the movie played backwards， we’d see a very heavy， very small object just sitting there — and then， all of a sudden， spit out an entire star！ The object we’re looking at now， which spits everything out and eats nothing， would be called a white hole.
　　Are there white holes？We have good evidence from our telescopes that black holes really do exist.20.（　　） That astronomers think about white holes is because of Albert Einstein.He came up with an excellent idea about gravity.His theory describes how black holes work， with their huge gravitational pull and also says white holes are possible.So could our universe actually make a white hole？ 21.（　　） Probably not.Something can be “possible” as an idea， but also extremely unlikely in real life.
　　White holes are unlikely because they are an “in reverse” kind of thing.Time in our universe only flows in one direction：forward.So for now， white holes are just an interesting possibility.
A.This kind of object is a black hole.
B.Is there a white hole in the universe？
C.Now picture yourself near a black hole.
D.However， we’ve never seen a white hole.
E.And could a black hole become a white hole？
F.We’d never see anything escape from the black hole.
G.But now imagine what would happen if we played it in reverse.
Ⅲ.应用文写作
　　你班于上周五集体回顾了中国航天员在中国空间站讲授的“天宫课堂”系列课程，并计划在下周英语课上请几位同学分享观看心得。请你用英语写一篇发言稿，谈谈你的观后感。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Section Ⅲ　Integrated skills
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章围绕人类对火星的探索展开探讨。
1.D　推理判断题。根据第二段中的At this point， the success rate ...sending humans to Mars.可知，目前，送往火星的机器人的任务成功率无法让人产生信心，并以俄罗斯和美国为例进行说明。作者还提到，很明显，在我们考虑将人类送上火星之前，还有很多工作需要完成。由此推知，作者认为到现在为止，机器人完成的任务并不令人满意。
2.D　细节理解题。根据第三段中的But， sooner or later ...One example is Mars 500可知，我们迟早会前往火星，与此同时，我们能做的一件事就是考验人类对火星探索任务的心理承受能力。我们已经在地球上对火星环境进行了模拟，目的就是评估其对人类的影响，其中一个例子是火星500项目。由此可知，Mars 500的目的就是了解火星上的环境是如何影响人类的。
3.C　代词指代题。根据最后一段中的It involves launching an unmanned ...rocket fuel.可知，Robert Zubrin的计划是：发射一台无人驾驶的地球返回器（ERV）到火星上，并使用太阳能或核能和输入氢气，利用火星的二氧化碳制作甲烷和氧气，也就是火箭燃料。画线词所在句子紧承上文，“能够在火星上制作火箭燃料”也就意味着，一旦人类知道火星上会有一台带燃料的返回器等着他们，他们就能出发。
4.B　标题归纳题。作者在第一段提出问题：But will we really ever land on the red planet ...？之后又分别介绍了目前的火星探索结果差强人意、人类为未来的火星之旅作出的准备以及火星协会主席提出的火星探索计划。全文都在围绕第一段的这个问题展开，故B项为本文最佳标题。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了非洲国家在太空探索方面所作出的努力。
5.C　细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，一颗尼日利亚小型卫星发送回来的图片帮了大忙。由此可见，作者在此提及卡特里娜飓风是为了说明非洲在太空竞赛中取得的进步。
6.B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的South Africa’s SUNSAT is the region’s first satellite可知，南非的SUNSAT卫星是撒哈拉以南地区的第一颗卫星，言外之意它也是首次发射的南非卫星。
7.B　推理判断题。根据第三段最后两句可知，这个名为SKA的巨型射电望远镜阵列是一个对各方都有益的项目。
8.A　词义猜测题。根据最后一段第一句可知，非洲国家错过了20世纪90年代世界经济的重大转变，当时制造业从发达国家向亚洲国家转移，而非洲国家的政策不够灵活，并未开放经济、吸引投资。由此可知，nimble意为“灵活的”。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了伟大的数学家、物理学家、太空科学家和被称为“最后一台穿裙子的计算机”的凯瑟琳·约翰逊凭借自己的数学天赋为美国国家航空航天局作出重要贡献的故事。
9.B　细节理解题。根据第一段中的As a child， she counted everything.和To fulfil her maths potential可知，凯瑟琳从小就有数学天赋。
10.B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的In 1953 ...she began working for NASA及第三段中的She continued to work at NASA until 1986.可知，1953年她开始为美国国家航空航天局工作，直至1986年结束，一共是33年。
11.A　词义猜测题。根据第二段最后一句可知，即使在使用电子计算机之后，宇航员约翰·格伦也要求凯瑟琳亲自进行再次核对。由此可知，她的计算结果非常有价值。因此她的计算对阿波罗登月计划的成功和美国的太空之旅至关重要。
12.D　标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文按照时间线索，讲述了被称为“最后一台穿裙子的计算机”的凯瑟琳·约翰逊每个阶段的优异表现和主要事迹，全文主要讲述她凭借自己的数学天赋为美国国家航空航天局作出的重要贡献。因此D项为本文最佳标题。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。火星上曾经有液态水，那它是怎么形成的呢？科学家们提出了新的猜想。
13.B　细节理解题。根据第一段前两句可知，火星的地质特征，即表面存在古老水道蚀刻的痕迹，让研究人员认为火星上曾经有液态水。
14.D　细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知，Kasting认为，突发事件带来的温暖期太过短暂，不足以形成火星上巨大的峡谷。
15.A　词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句上半句可知，高温和充足的水分加速了二氧化碳的消耗，二氧化碳减少就会减缓温室效应，从而使火星温度下降。所以mitigating为“减少，减缓”之意。
16.B　推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，研究人员认为，未来的火星任务进行的实地考察或许可以发现气候反复变暖的证据来帮助证明这个理论。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了宇宙中是否存在白洞的问题。
17.A　根据空前和空后一句可知，上文所说的神秘的物体就是下文中提到的黑洞。故A项（这种物体就是黑洞）符合语境。
18.F　空后一句表达的是“我们会看到黑洞吞掉任何靠得太近的东西”，故F项（我们永远看不到任何东西从黑洞中逃脱）符合语境。
19.G　下文提到了倒放的电影，空后的backwards与G项中的played it in reverse都表示倒放，意义一致，故G项（但是现在想象一下，如果我们反过来播放会发生什么）符合语境。
20.D　根据空前两句可知，黑洞的存在确实有证据，D项（然而，我们却从没有见过白洞）符合语境。
21.E　根据上文So could our universe actually make a white hole？以及下文Probably not.可知，设空处应该是一个针对白洞的设问句且与白洞的产生有关，故E项（黑洞会变成白洞吗？）符合语境。
Ⅲ.
　　Today， I’d like to share my thoughts on the Tiangong Class series we reviewed last Friday.It was a truly eye-opening and inspiring experience.
　　The lectures delivered by Chinese astronauts were nothing short of engaging where they demonstrated how they live and work inside the space station.What struck me most was the experiments they conducted in microgravity.It’s fascinating to see science come alive in a weightless environment.
　　This special encounter with space has deepened my appreciation for the wonders of space and China’s remarkable accomplishments， encouraging me to do my best to reach for my own stars.
5 / 5Section Ⅲ　Integrated skills
写一篇关于外星人的故事
　　本单元的写作任务是根据所给漫画展开合理想象，写一篇关于外星人的故事。此类写作文体为想象类的科幻故事，属于记叙文。写作时要充分发挥想象力和创造力，精心设计故事的背景、人物和情节。必须通过细致的观察和丰富的想象进行生动形象的描写，以便给读者留下深刻的印象。在进行背景描写时，可使用一些形容词来烘托心情。情节是此类故事的核心，务必注意故事中的人物及各种冲突的场景设置。
　　要写好想象类作文，应注意以下几点：
1.观察生活，熟悉生活。想象不是胡编乱造，而要基于实际生活。只有熟悉生活，仔细地观察生活，才能有想象的原材料。
2.明确中心思想，展开想象。动笔写想象类作文之前要先明确中心思想，即写作目的。在这个基础上列出提纲，写出段落主题句。写主题句时要注意：一个段落只能有一个主题句；主题句必须精练、具体化；尽可能选择恰当、高级的词语进行概括。
3.想象美好，立意深刻。想象类作文必须有一个积极的中心思想。如果只是编造一个热闹离奇的故事，作文就失去了意义。
4.前后照应，符合逻辑。不管想象的空间有多大，都要做到符合逻辑，条理清晰，这对于写好此类文章尤其重要。
5.语言规范，表达地道。选用自己熟悉的词汇和句型写作。
一、写作常用词汇
1.spaceship n.　　　 　　宇宙飞船
2.alien n. 外星人
3.scary adj. 令人害怕的
4.frozen adj. 吓呆的；惊呆的
5.monster n. 怪物
6.hide v. 隐藏
7.a deserted street 一条荒芜的街道
8.a strange noise 一个奇怪的声音
9.come across 偶遇
10.all of a sudden 突然
11.run away 逃跑
12.the monster’s heavy footsteps
怪物沉重的脚步
13.hold one’s hand out 把手伸出来
14.feel relieved 感到宽慰的；放心的
二、写作常用句式（注意加黑部分的表达）
1.开头常用句
①I was having supper when I caught sight of a shining UFO flying in the sky.
我正在吃晚饭，突然看见一个发光的不明飞行物在天空中飞行。
②Out of the UFO came a strange creature with a big head and eyes.从不明飞行物里出来一个长着大脑袋和大眼睛的奇怪生物。
2.主体常用句
①I was very frightened and could do nothing but stand there， frozen.
我非常害怕，只能一动不动地站在那里。
②Hardly had he seen me when he smiled and walked towards me.
他一看见我就微笑着向我走来。
③It flew so fast that I was almost scared to death.它飞得那么快，差点把我吓死。
④We talked a lot about space in a friendly atmosphere.在友好的氛围中，我们谈论了许多关于太空的话题。
3.结尾常用句
①What a wonderful and unforgettable experience it was！
这是一次多么美好和难忘的经历啊！
②I’ll never forget this fantastic experience.
我永远不会忘记这次奇妙的经历。
　　假定你是李华，昨天晚上你做梦梦见了外星人，请你给你的朋友Tom写一封邮件，讲述这个有趣的梦。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式作答。
Dear Tom，
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Yours，
　　Li Hua
第一步：审题谋篇，合理布局
第二步：遣词造句，规范得体
◎核心词汇
1.外星人　　　　　　　　　　　　
2.着陆 　　　　　　　
3.偶遇 　　　　　　　
4.睡着 　　　　　　　
5.叫醒某人 　　　　　　　
◎遣词造句
1.我写信是想告诉你我的有趣的梦。（非谓语动词）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
2.在梦中我偶遇了一位外星人。（一般过去时）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
3.做完作业后，我太累了，马上就睡着了。（非谓语动词；so）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
4.突然，我看到一个不明飞行物降落在院子里。（场景描写；一般过去时）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
5.一个外星人出来了，他看起来又高又壮，有两个头和三只眼睛。（并列句；完全倒装；with复合结构）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
6.当看到这个外星人朝我走来时，我惊呆了，动弹不得。（情感描写；复合句）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
7.外星人好像在说什么来跟我打招呼，但是我听不懂。（并列句；非谓语动词）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
8.就在那时，一声巨响把我叫醒了。（场景描写）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
第三步：词句升级，彰显文采
1.将句1和句2合并为含有非限制性定语从句的句子
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
2.将句3改为so ... that ...句型
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
3.将句5改为含有非限制性定语从句的句子
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
第四步：检查誊写，连句成篇
Dear Tom，
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Yours，
Li Hua
【即时演练】
　　假定你是李华，上周五的晚上，你在回家的路上偶遇了外星人。你的好朋友Jenny对此事很感兴趣，请你给Jenny写一封邮件介绍此事。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式作答。
Dear Jenny，
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Yours，
　　Li Hua
Section Ⅲ　Integrated skills
【典例体验·提素能】
第二步
核心词汇
1.alien　2.land　3.come across　4.fall asleep　5.wake sb up
遣词造句
1.I’m writing to tell you my interesting dream.
2.I came across an alien in the dream.
3.After finishing my homework， I was very tired so I fell asleep immediately.
4.Suddenly， I saw a UFO land in the yard.
5.Out came an alien and he looked tall and strong with two heads and three eyes.
6.When I saw the alien walking towards me， I was too astonished to move.
7.The alien seemed to be saying something to greet me but I couldn’t understand it.
8.Just at that time， a loud noise woke me up.
第三步
1.I’m writing to tell you my interesting dream， in which I came across an alien in the dream.
2.After finishing my homework， I was so tired that I fell asleep immediately.
3.Out came an alien， who looked tall and strong with two heads and three eyes.
第四步
Dear Tom，
　　I’m writing to tell you my interesting dream， in which I came across an alien in the dream.
　　After finishing my homework， I was so tired that I fell asleep immediately. Suddenly， I saw a UFO land in the yard. Out came an alien， who looked tall and strong with two heads and three eyes. When I saw the alien walking towards me， I was too astonished to move. The alien seemed to be saying something to greet me but I couldn’t understand it. Just at that time， a loud noise woke me up. It was my alarm clock.
　　Do you think my dream is interesting？ Write to me about your dream.
Yours，
Li Hua
即时演练
Dear Jenny，
　　I’m writing to tell you something about my encounter with an alien.
　　Last Friday， I was walking home at about 11 p.m. when I found a huge round object flying in the sky. After a few seconds， it landed on the ground in front of me. To my great astonishment， an alien walked out of it. The alien has two big eyes， four arms and four legs. Just at that moment， the alien noticed me and disappeared with its UFO.
　　Even today， I can’t believe what happened on that day.
Yours，
Li Hua
4 / 4(共71张PPT)
Section Ⅲ　Integrated skills
写一篇关于外星人的故事
1
写作指导·增底蕴
目 录
2
典例体验·提素能
3
课时检测·提能力
写作指导·增底蕴
储备写作素材
1
　　本单元的写作任务是根据所给漫画展开合理想象，写一篇关于外
星人的故事。此类写作文体为想象类的科幻故事，属于记叙文。写作
时要充分发挥想象力和创造力，精心设计故事的背景、人物和情节。
必须通过细致的观察和丰富的想象进行生动形象的描写，以便给读者
留下深刻的印象。在进行背景描写时，可使用一些形容词来烘托心
情。情节是此类故事的核心，务必注意故事中的人物及各种冲突的场
景设置。
　　要写好想象类作文，应注意以下几点：
1. 观察生活，熟悉生活。想象不是胡编乱造，而要基于实际生活。只
有熟悉生活，仔细地观察生活，才能有想象的原材料。
2. 明确中心思想，展开想象。动笔写想象类作文之前要先明确中心思
想，即写作目的。在这个基础上列出提纲，写出段落主题句。写主
题句时要注意：一个段落只能有一个主题句；主题句必须精练、具
体化；尽可能选择恰当、高级的词语进行概括。
3. 想象美好，立意深刻。想象类作文必须有一个积极的中心思想。如
果只是编造一个热闹离奇的故事，作文就失去了意义。
4. 前后照应，符合逻辑。不管想象的空间有多大，都要做到符合逻
辑，条理清晰，这对于写好此类文章尤其重要。
5. 语言规范，表达地道。选用自己熟悉的词汇和句型写作。
一、写作常用词汇
1. spaceship n. 宇宙飞船
2. alien n. 外星人
3. scary adj. 令人害怕的
4. frozen adj. 吓呆的；惊呆的
5. monster n. 怪物
6. hide v. 隐藏
7. a deserted street 一条荒芜的街道
8. a strange noise 一个奇怪的声音
9. come across 偶遇
10. all of a sudden 突然
11. run away 逃跑
12. the monster’s heavy footsteps 怪物沉重的脚步
13. hold one’s hand out 把手伸出来
14. feel relieved 感到宽慰的；放心的
二、写作常用句式（注意加蓝部分的表达）
1. 开头常用句
①I was having supper when I caught sight of a shining UFO flying in
the sky.
我正在吃晚饭，突然看见一个发光的不明飞行物在天空中飞行。
②Out of the UFO came a strange creature with a big head and eyes.
从不明飞行物里出来一个长着大脑袋和大眼睛的奇怪生物。
2. 主体常用句
①I was very frightened and could do nothing but stand there，
frozen.
我非常害怕，只能一动不动地站在那里。
②Hardly had he seen me when he smiled and walked towards me.
他一看见我就微笑着向我走来。
③It flew so fast that I was almost scared to death.
它飞得那么快，差点把我吓死。
④We talked a lot about space in a friendly atmosphere.
在友好的氛围中，我们谈论了许多关于太空的话题。
3. 结尾常用句
①What a wonderful and unforgettable experience it was！这是一次
多么美好和难忘的经历啊！
②I’ll never forget this fantastic experience.
我永远不会忘记这次奇妙的经历。
典例体验·提素能
点拨写作技法
2
　　假定你是李华，昨天晚上你做梦梦见了外星人，请你给你的朋友
Tom写一封邮件，讲述这个有趣的梦。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式作答。
Dear Tom，
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Yours，
　　Li Hua
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
第一步：审题谋篇，合理布局
第二步：遣词造句，规范得体
◎核心词汇
1. 外星人
2. 着陆
3. 偶遇
4. 睡着
5. 叫醒某人
alien　
land　
come across　
fall asleep　
wake sb up　
◎遣词造句
1. 我写信是想告诉你我的有趣的梦。（非谓语动词）

2. 在梦中我偶遇了一位外星人。（一般过去时）

3. 做完作业后，我太累了，马上就睡着了。（非谓语动词；so）


I’m writing to tell you my interesting dream.　
I came across an alien in the dream.　
　After finishing my homework， I was very tired so I fell asleep
immediately.　
4. 突然，我看到一个不明飞行物降落在院子里。（场景描写；一般过
去时）

5. 一个外星人出来了，他看起来又高又壮，有两个头和三只眼睛。
（并列句；完全倒装；with复合结构）


Suddenly， I saw a UFO land in the yard.　
　Out came an alien and he looked tall and strong with two heads and
three eyes.　
6. 当看到这个外星人朝我走来时，我惊呆了，动弹不得。（情感描
写；复合句）


7. 外星人好像在说什么来跟我打招呼，但是我听不懂。（并列句；非
谓语动词）


8. 就在那时，一声巨响把我叫醒了。（场景描写）

　When I saw the alien walking towards me， I was too astonished to
move.　
　The alien seemed to be saying something to greet me but I couldn’t
understand it.　
Just at that time， a loud noise woke me up.　
第三步：词句升级，彰显文采
1. 将句1和句2合并为含有非限制性定语从句的句子


2. 将句3改为so ... that ...句型


3. 将句5改为含有非限制性定语从句的句子


　I’m writing to tell you my interesting dream， in which I came
across an alien in the dream.　
　After finishing my homework， I was so tired that I fell asleep
immediately.　
　Out came an alien， who looked tall and strong with two heads and
three eyes.　
第四步：检查誊写，连句成篇
Dear Tom，
　　

　　 　I’m writing to tell you my interesting dream， in which I came
across an alien in the dream.　
　　






　　

Yours，
Li Hua
　　 　After finishing my homework， I was so tired that I fell asleep
immediately. Suddenly， I saw a UFO land in the yard. Out came an
alien， who looked tall and strong with two heads and three eyes. When I
saw the alien walking towards me， I was too astonished to move. The
alien seemed to be saying something to greet me but I couldn’t
understand it. Just at that time， a loud noise woke me up. It was my
alarm clock.　
　　 　Do you think my dream is interesting？ Write to me about your
dream.　
【即时演练】
　　假定你是李华，上周五的晚上，你在回家的路上偶遇了外星
人。你的好朋友Jenny对此事很感兴趣，请你给Jenny写一封邮件介
绍此事。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式作答。
Dear Jenny，
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Yours，
　　Li Hua
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
参考范文：
Dear Jenny，
　　I’m writing to tell you something about my encounter with an alien.
　　Last Friday， I was walking home at about 11 p.m. when I found a
huge round object flying in the sky. After a few seconds， it landed on the
ground in front of me. To my great astonishment， an alien walked out of
it. The alien has two big eyes， four arms and four legs. Just at that
moment， the alien noticed me and disappeared with its UFO.
　　Even today， I can’t believe what happened on that day.
　　 Yours，
Li Hua
课时检测·提能力
培育学科素养
3
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
　　It’s fascinated us for centuries， inspiring astronomers， science
fiction writers and more than a few star-gazing entrepreneurs （凝视星空
的企业家） who have plans to launch their own missions to Mars.But will
we really ever land on the red planet where a year lasts 687 days？
　　After the Apollo Moon missions in the 1970s， sending astronauts to
Mars seemed the next logical step， but it would be a “giant leap”.At
this point， the success rate of our robot missions does not inspire
confidence.Russia has launched 21 Mars rockets to date， including five
unmanned landers， but only two orbiters completed their missions.The
US has been more successful， losing only five out of 23
missions.Clearly， some more work is needed before we can consider
sending humans to Mars.
　　But， sooner or later， we will go.And one thing that can be done in
the meantime is to test human psychological endurance （承受力） for
such a mission.These testing conditions have been simulated （模拟） on
Earth in order to evaluate their effect on people.One example is Mars
500， a Russian/European/Chinese project carried out between 2007 and
2011 in an isolation facility in a Moscow car park.It ended after a 520-day
stay by six volunteers.They claimed to have stayed in good health
throughout， but some avoided exercise and hid from their co-workers，
and four had difficulty sleeping.
　　Mars Society president Robert Zubrin has a mission plan that， he
believes， will be safer and cheaper than any other.It involves launching
an unmanned Earth Return Vehicle （ERV） that would land on Mars and
use solar or nuclear power and imported hydrogen to produce methane
（甲烷） and oxygen from Martian CO2.In other words， rocket
fuel.This means that humans would set out once they knew there would be
a fuelled return vehicle waiting for them on Mars.And because most of the
fuel for the return trip would be made on Mars， Zubrin believes huge
energy and cost savings could be made.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章围绕人类对火星的探索展开探
讨。
本文是一篇说明文。文章围绕人类对火星的探索展开探
讨。
1. What does the author think of our robot missions to Mars so far？
（　　）
A. They are inspiring.
B. They are improving.
C. They are unnecessary.
D. They are unsatisfactory.
解析：　推理判断题。根据第二段中的At this point， the success
rate ...sending humans to Mars.可知，目前，送往火星的机器人的
任务成功率无法让人产生信心，并以俄罗斯和美国为例进行说明。
作者还提到，很明显，在我们考虑将人类送上火星之前，还有很多
工作需要完成。由此推知，作者认为到现在为止，机器人完成的任
务并不令人满意。
2. What was the purpose of Mars 500 according to Paragraph 3？
（　　）
A. To study how teamwork matters in space missions.
B. To enhance the psychological qualities of astronauts.
C. To compare the differences between Earth and Mars.
D. To find out how conditions on Mars may impact humans.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第三段中的But， sooner or
later ...One example is Mars 500可知，我们迟早会前往火星，与此
同时，我们能做的一件事就是考验人类对火星探索任务的心理承受
能力。我们已经在地球上对火星环境进行了模拟，目的就是评估其
对人类的影响，其中一个例子是火星500项目。由此可知，Mars
500的目的就是了解火星上的环境是如何影响人类的。
3. What does the underlined word “This” in the last paragraph refer to？
（　　）
A. The unique feature of Martian CO2.
B. The strong fuel delivery of return vehicles.
C. The ability to produce rocket fuel on Mars.
D. The successful launch of an unmanned ERV.
解析：　代词指代题。根据最后一段中的It involves launching an
unmanned ...rocket fuel.可知，Robert Zubrin的计划是：发射一台
无人驾驶的地球返回器（ERV）到火星上，并使用太阳能或核能和
输入氢气，利用火星的二氧化碳制作甲烷和氧气，也就是火箭燃
料。画线词所在句子紧承上文，“能够在火星上制作火箭燃料”也
就意味着，一旦人类知道火星上会有一台带燃料的返回器等着他
们，他们就能出发。
4. What is the best title for the text？（　　）
A. Does Life Really Exist on Mars？
B. Will We Ever Set Foot on Mars？
C. Is Living on Mars Even a Good Idea？
D. Why Are We So Fascinated with Mars？
解析：　标题归纳题。作者在第一段提出问题：But will we really
ever land on the red planet ...？之后又分别介绍了目前的火星探索
结果差强人意、人类为未来的火星之旅作出的准备以及火星协会主
席提出的火星探索计划。全文都在围绕第一段的这个问题展开，故
B项为本文最佳标题。
B
　　In the hours after Hurricane Katrina struck America in 2005，
destroying large parts of New Orleans， the people co-ordinating （协
调） the disaster response urgently needed satellite pictures to show them
what they were facing.The first images to come in were not from the
satellites launched by NASA or the space agencies of other developed
countries.They were sent to Earth by a small Nigerian satellite that had
been launched from Russia just two years earlier.
　　The small object is Nigeria’s first satellite and only the second
launched by a sub-Saharan （撒哈拉沙漠以南的） African
country.South Africa’s SUNSAT is the region’s first satellite， which
was built by students at Stellenbosch University and got a free ride on a
NASA rocket.In 2019 another five African countries launched satellites，
bringing its total in orbit that year to 41.At least 20 African countries now
have space programmes.
　　Space in Africa， a consultancy based in Nigeria， estimates that
African governments budgeted about $500m for their space agencies in
2020.That is a sliver of the $23bn spent last year by NASA， but it still
marked a big jump from the $325m they spent in 2019.African
governments argue that their investments in space programmes help to
build local skills that can attract investment and affect other areas of the
economy.The Square Kilometre Array （SKA）， an internationally
funded radio telescope being built in South Africa， will pull in almost
$2.3bn of investment and is creating thousands of jobs.It is also inspiring
youngsters to study engineering.
　　African countries missed out on the big shift in the world’s economy
in the 1990s， when manufacturing （制造业） moved from developed
countries to those countries in Asia， because they were not nimble enough
to open their economies and attract investment.Now they are entering the
space industry just as it is being disturbed by new arrivals， who are
making small satellites that cost a tiny part of the price of big ones.That
offers a rare opportunity to countries and companies responsive enough to
grasp it.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了非洲国家在太空探
索方面所作出的努力。
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了非洲国家在太空探
索方面所作出的努力。
5. Why is Hurricane Katrina mentioned in Paragraph 1？（　　）
A. To stress its serious damage to America.
B. To praise Russia’s immediate assistance.
C. To show Africa’s progress in the space race.
D. To demonstrate NASA’s significant influence.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，一颗尼日利亚小型
卫星发送回来的图片帮了大忙。由此可见，作者在此提及卡特里娜
飓风是为了说明非洲在太空竞赛中取得的进步。
6. What can we say about the SUNSAT？（　　）
A. It was worth as much as $500m in total.
B. It was the first launched South African satellite.
C. It was sent into space by South Africa independently.
D. It was made by students at Stellenbosch University in 2019.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第二段中的South Africa’s SUNSAT is
the region’s first satellite可知，南非的SUNSAT卫星是撒哈拉以南
地区的第一颗卫星，言外之意它也是首次发射的南非卫星。
7. What can be inferred about the SKA？（　　）
A. It is still up in the air.
B. It is a win-win project.
C. It will soon run out of funds.
D. It will make Africa a super continent.
解析：　推理判断题。根据第三段最后两句可知，这个名为SKA
的巨型射电望远镜阵列是一个对各方都有益的项目。
8. What does the underlined word “nimble” in the last paragraph
mean？（　　）
A. Flexible. B. Foolish.
C. Independent. D. Unfortunate.
解析：　词义猜测题。根据最后一段第一句可知，非洲国家错过
了20世纪90年代世界经济的重大转变，当时制造业从发达国家向亚
洲国家转移，而非洲国家的政策不够灵活，并未开放经济、吸引投
资。由此可知，nimble意为“灵活的”。
C
　　Born in 1918， in the little town of White Sulphur Springs， West
Virginia， Katherine Johnson was simply attracted by numbers.As a
child， she counted everything.She counted the steps to the road， the
steps up to the church， the number of dishes she washed ...By the time
she was 10 years old， she was a high school freshman， which was truly
amazing in a time when school for African-Americans normally stopped at
eighth grade.To fulfil her maths potential， her father drove his family 120
miles to Institute， West Virginia， where blacks could continue high
school education.Johnson’s excellent performance proved her father’s
decision was the right one：Katherine skipped grades （跳级） to
graduate from high school at 14 and from college at 18.
　　In 1953， after years as a teacher and later as a stay-at-home mum，
she began working for NASA， which began hiring women to measure
and calculate the results of wind tunnel （风洞） tests in 1935.In a time
before the electronic computers， these women were called the
“computer”.Even after NASA began using electronic computers， the
astronaut John Glenn requested that Katherine should personally recheck
the calculations made by the new electronic computers before his flight.
　　She continued to work at NASA until 1986.Her calculations proved
momentous to the success of the Apollo moon-landing programme and the
United States’ journey into space.Her story was the basis for the 2016
film Hidden Figures.
　　Katherine Johnson， a great mathematician， physicist， space
scientist and the last “computer” that wore skirts， passed away on 24
February 2020.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了伟大的数学家、物理学
家、太空科学家和被称为“最后一台穿裙子的计算机”的凯瑟琳·约
翰逊凭借自己的数学天赋为美国国家航空航天局作出重要贡献的故
事。
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了伟大的数学家、物理学
家、太空科学家和被称为“最后一台穿裙子的计算机”的凯瑟琳·约
翰逊凭借自己的数学天赋为美国国家航空航天局作出重要贡献的故
事。
9. What can be learnt from Paragraph 1？（　　）
A. Katherine left high school at eighth grade.
B. Katherine was gifted in maths as a child.
C. Katherine was required to count in her childhood.
D. African-Americans had a good education in the 1920s.
解析： 　细节理解题。根据第一段中的As a child， she counted
everything.和To fulfil her maths potential可知，凯瑟琳从小就有数学
天赋。
10. How long did Katherine work at NASA？（　　）
A. For 18 years. B. For 33 years.
C. For 51 years. D. For 81 years.
解析： 　细节理解题。根据第二段中的In 1953 ...she began
working for NASA及第三段中的She continued to work at NASA
until 1986.可知，1953年她开始为美国国家航空航天局工作，直至
1986年结束，一共是33年。
11. Which best explains the underlined word “momentous” in Paragraph
3？（　　）
A. Important. B. Successful.
C. Dangerous. D. Harmful.
解析： 　词义猜测题。根据第二段最后一句可知，即使在使用
电子计算机之后，宇航员约翰·格伦也要求凯瑟琳亲自进行再次核
对。由此可知，她的计算结果非常有价值。因此她的计算对阿波
罗登月计划的成功和美国的太空之旅至关重要。
12. What’s the best title for the text？（　　）
A. Scientists at NASA
B. Katherine Johnson’s Education
C. A Great Mathematician’s Decision
D. Katherine Johnson， a Computer That Wore Skirts
解析： 　标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文按照时间线索，
讲述了被称为“最后一台穿裙子的计算机”的凯瑟琳·约翰逊
每个阶段的优异表现和主要事迹，全文主要讲述她凭借自己的
数学天赋为美国国家航空航天局作出的重要贡献。因此D项为
本文最佳标题。
D
　　The surface of Mars is etched （蚀刻） with ancient river valleys and
lake basins.Some researchers think that liquid water once flowed on the
Red Planet.Today， Mars is too cold for much， if any， liquid water to
exist.And 3.8 billion years ago， when the flowing water formed， the
sun was fainter than it is today， making it even harder to imagine a warm
Martian climate.That’s why many researchers think Mars may have gone
in and out of deep freezes.
　　Some researchers have suggested that early Mars only melt when large
asteroid （小行星） impacts or volcanic eruptions temporarily warmed the
planet.But Kasting， a geologist at Pennsylvania State University， thinks
warm windows from such dramatic events would have been too brief to
carve the vast valleys that exist on Mars.Now， Kasting and his
colleagues have come up with an alternative explanation：They think Mars
may have experienced a series of climate cycles caused by changes in the
strength of the greenhouse effect.
　　The idea goes like this：When Mars was cold and frozen， volcanoes
continued to erupt the greenhouse gases carbon dioxide and hydrogen into
the atmosphere.There， the gas blanket trapped heat and warmed the
planet up until liquid water began to flow， forming Mars’ rivers and
lakes.However， warm temperatures and abundant water would also have
sped up certain chemical reactions that consumed carbon dioxide，
mitigating the greenhouse effect and cooling the planet back down
again.Then the cycle would repeat.
　　Kasting shared his theory with other astronomers at the December
meeting of the American Geophysical Union in San Francisco， and in the
journal Earth and Planetary Science Letters.So far， Kasting’s team has
only shown that such an explanation is possible.But the researchers say
field trips could help test the idea by looking for evidence of multiple warm
events， and their duration.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。火星上曾经有液态水，那它是怎么
形成的呢？科学家们提出了新的猜想。
本文是一篇说明文。火星上曾经有液态水，那它是怎么
形成的呢？科学家们提出了新的猜想。
13. What made researchers believe that liquid water once existed on
Mars？（　　）
A. The colour of the planet.
B. The geological features of Mars.
C. The temperatures of the sun.
D. The natural climate of Mars.
解析： 　细节理解题。根据第一段前两句可知，火星的地质特
征，即表面存在古老水道蚀刻的痕迹，让研究人员认为火星上曾
经有液态水。
14. Which idea may Kasting agree with？（　　）
A. Large asteroids had no impact on Mars.
B. Volcanic eruptions were very frequent on Mars.
C. There were no carbon dioxide and hydrogen on Mars.
D. The vast valleys on Mars couldn’t be formed in a short time.
解析： 　细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知，Kasting认
为，突发事件带来的温暖期太过短暂，不足以形成火星上巨大
的峡谷。
15. What does the underlined word “mitigating” in Paragraph 3 mean？
（　　）
A. Reducing. B. Imitating.
C. Predicting. D. Enhancing.
解析： 　词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句上半句可知，高温
和充足的水分加速了二氧化碳的消耗，二氧化碳减少就会减缓
温室效应，从而使火星温度下降。所以mitigating为“减少，
减缓”之意。
16. Which of the following might confirm Kasting’s theory？（　　）
A. The publication of the journal.
B. The future Mars missions.
C. The design of the climate model.
D. The cooperation with astronomers.
解析： 　推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，研究人员
认为，未来的火星任务进行的实地考察或许可以发现气候反复变
暖的证据来帮助证明这个理论。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
　　 Now， imagine we’re deep space explorers and we’ve found
something out in space that is both extremely heavy and very small.This
mysterious object would pull so powerfully that nothing inside could
escape to the outside.17.（　　） Again imagine we stay in our
spaceship at a safe distance and make a movie of this black hole.18.
（　　） We would instead see the black hole eat anything that came too
close.We get lucky： as we watch， the black hole swallows an entire
star！
　　Our movie， titled Black Hole Eats a Star gets a million views
online.19.（　　） In the movie played backwards， we’d see a very
heavy， very small object just sitting there — and then， all of a sudden，
spit out an entire star！ The object we’re looking at now， which spits
everything out and eats nothing， would be called a white hole.
　　Are there white holes？We have good evidence from our telescopes
that black holes really do exist.20.（　　） That astronomers think about
white holes is because of Albert Einstein.He came up with an excellent
idea about gravity.His theory describes how black holes work， with their
huge gravitational pull and also says white holes are possible.So could our
universe actually make a white hole？ 21.（　　） Probably
not.Something can be “possible” as an idea， but also extremely
unlikely in real life.
　　White holes are unlikely because they are an “in reverse” kind of
thing.Time in our universe only flows in one direction：forward.So for
now， white holes are just an interesting possibility.
A. This kind of object is a black hole.
B. Is there a white hole in the universe？
C. Now picture yourself near a black hole.
D. However， we’ve never seen a white hole.
E. And could a black hole become a white hole？
F. We’d never see anything escape from the black hole.
G. But now imagine what would happen if we played it in reverse.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了宇宙中是否存在白
洞的问题。
17. A　根据空前和空后一句可知，上文所说的神秘的物体就是下文
中提到的黑洞。故A项（这种物体就是黑洞）符合语境。
18. F　空后一句表达的是“我们会看到黑洞吞掉任何靠得太近的东
西”，故F项（我们永远看不到任何东西从黑洞中逃脱）符合语境。
19. G　下文提到了倒放的电影，空后的backwards与G项中的played it
in reverse都表示倒放，意义一致，故G项（但是现在想象一下，如果
我们反过来播放会发生什么）符合语境。
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了宇宙中是否存在白
洞的问题。
20. D　根据空前两句可知，黑洞的存在确实有证据，D项（然而，我
们却从没有见过白洞）符合语境。
21. E　根据上文So could our universe actually make a white hole？以及
下文Probably not.可知，设空处应该是一个针对白洞的设问句且与白
洞的产生有关，故E项（黑洞会变成白洞吗？）符合语境。
Ⅲ.应用文写作
　　你班于上周五集体回顾了中国航天员在中国空间站讲授的“天宫
课堂”系列课程，并计划在下周英语课上请几位同学分享观看心得。
请你用英语写一篇发言稿，谈谈你的观后感。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
参考范文：
　　Today， I’d like to share my thoughts on the Tiangong Class series
we reviewed last Friday.It was a truly eye-opening and inspiring
experience.
　　The lectures delivered by Chinese astronauts were nothing short of
engaging where they demonstrated how they live and work inside the space
station.What struck me most was the experiments they conducted in
microgravity.It’s fascinating to see science come alive in a weightless
environment.
　　This special encounter with space has deepened my appreciation for
the wonders of space and China’s remarkable accomplishments，
encouraging me to do my best to reach for my own stars.
谢谢观看！

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