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Section Ⅳ　Extended reading & Project & Assessment
维度一：品句填词
根据所给单词的首字母或汉语提示，写出单词的正确形式。
1.We stayed inside the s　　　　　　 we had built and let the raft sail down the river.
2.Last Friday， the huge r　　　　　　 launched three men on a flight to the Moon.
3.I think you should examine their m　　　　　　 in offering to lend you the money.
4.If I have $20 in my p　　　　　　， I can only spend up to that amount.
5.At no time and in no circumstances will China be the first to use 　　　　　（核能的） weapons.
6.With no one living in the room for 10 years， everything is covered with a thick layer of 　　　　　　（灰尘）.
7.I 　　　　　　（预测） that I was being pushed through time at hundreds of years a minute.
8.Hofman’s inspiration for Floating Fish came from Chinese folk 　　　　　　（故事） passed down through the generations.
维度二：词形转换
用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
1.Therefore， our understanding of the world around us is 　　　　　　（constant） growing and changing.
2.What we are learning at school will lay the 　　　　　　（found） for the future.
3.There must be something wrong， for errors like this appear with surprising 　　　　　　（frequent）.
4.The government’s growing focus on space exploration has led to an increase in 　　　　　　（invest） in aerospace technology.
5.Now a special TV network gives live 　　　　　（cover） of most races.
6.　　　　　　 （incredible）， their team won a gold and two silver medals in the marathon race.
7.The manager asked her 　　　　　　（assist） to buy some hot dogs for the meeting.
8.Our 　　　　　　（origin） plan was overtaken by events and we had to make a new one.
维度三：固定搭配和句式
根据汉语及括号内提示完成下列句子。
1.他想知道经理在会上说了些什么。（what引导宾语从句）
He wanted to know 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　at the meeting.
2.随着技术的发展，出现了彩色电视机，因此改变了观众的娱乐体验。（动词-ing短语作结果状语）
With the development of technology came the colour television， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　of entertainment.
3.正是通过大量的实验，科学家们才确定睡眠不足会导致许多健康问题，这些健康问题包括身体上的和心理上的。（强调句）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 scientists have confirmed that a lack of sleep will lead to many health problems and that these health problems include physical and mental ones.
维度四：课文语法填空
阅读课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
　　Space exploration is an 1.　　　　　　 （extreme） difficult and dangerous activity.However， it is in our nature to explore.We are curious about unknown things， 2.　　　　　　 we keep adventuring into new places and surely we desire 3.　　　　　　　　 （learn） more about space.The results of space investigations have allowed us to learn more about 4.　　　　　　 universe and our place in space.Besides， the technologies 5.　　　　　　 （develop） for space exploration may help us make our lives on the Earth safer and 6.　　　　　　 （easy）.For example， earthquake shock absorbers， whose technology 7.　　　　　　　　 （apply） to the space shuttle launch in the first place， have been set up in the cities 8.　　　　　　 earthquakes happen frequently to protect buildings and save lives.And 9.　　　　　　 is likely that vehicles which are powered by hydrogen energy， a widely used rocket fuel， will be mass-produced and launched soon.The amazing work can inspire the next generation 10.　　　　　　 （become） the scientists and engineers of the future.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
　　Modern day robots may not be as entertaining as R2D2 or the robot from Lost in Space， but robots are very important to space exploration and are being used in a variety of different ways for several important reasons.
　　Robots make great explorers on planets， moons， and other landing areas.Aside from the earth， just about every surface in the solar system is unsafe for humans to explore.The air on most other planets is insufficient for humans to breathe， making it necessary to wear a spacesuit and oxygen equipment.The temperatures on these surfaces are much too hot or much too cold for any humans to withstand.Plus there would be complications with radiation， weather， and a lack of gravity.Robots have much less limitation in these areas and can survive much longer under these conditions.
　　Robots are designed for collecting scientific data.Robots are also able to perform many tasks at one time and can process information much quicker and more efficiently.Important scientific projects from detecting minerals， analyzing ground samples， to finding water are all performed much quicker and accurately by robots.
　　The use of robots has made the cost of space exploration much less expensive than it would cost for humans to do the work.In order to successfully send humans into space we would need to build a vehicle that can not only carry humans， but also enough food and water to keep them alive for the duration of the trip.Moreover， robots have no problems working for hours on end.Robots never complain， they don’t require food or water， and they never need a bathroom break.
　　Over the past 30 years or so there have been many different types of robots used successfully in the exploration of space.Perhaps the most famous and successful robots are Spirit and Opportunity who have both been exploring the surface of Mars.They have both been very successful with experiments on soil and rocks and have even found evidence of water in Mars’ history.
1.According to the passage， which of the following is NOT true？（　　）
A.The use of robots in space exploration costs more than the use of humans.
B.It is dangerous for humans to explore other surfaces in the solar system except the earth.
C.Both Spirit and Opportunity have found the evidence of water on Mars.
D.Many different types of robots have explored the space successfully.
2.What does the underlined word “withstand” in Paragraph 2 most probably mean？（　　）
A.Remain. B.Bear.
C.Defeat. D.Develop.
3.What is the writer’s attitude towards the application of robots to explore space？（　　）
A.Negative. B.Persuasive.
C.Subjective. D.Objective.
4.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage？（　　）
A.The Development of Robots
B.The Discovery of Space Exploration
C.No Robots， No Space Exploration
D.Robots Are Used in Space Exploration
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
　　Why should we explore space？ Perhaps the best answer lies in our history.What made our ancestors move from the trees onto the plains？ 5.（　　） In exploring， the surrounding areas may be identified and prepared for.Without knowledge， these dangers have the ability to harm us.
　　While many resources are spent on what seems a small return， the exploration of space allows new resources to be created.6.（　　） Knowledge or techniques acquired in exploring or preparing to explore always filter （慢慢传开） from the developers to the general population.Techniques may be medical applications， such as new drugs or ways of living to increase the quantity or the quality of time lived.
　　By studying alien worlds， we can place our own world in content.While space may hold many wonders and explanations of how the universe was formed or how it works， it also holds dangers.The chance of a large asteroid hitting the Earth is small.7.（　　） Some explanations for extinctions and evolution include strikes by asteroids.Our technology is reaching the point where we can detect such a threat and might be able to do something about it.
　　8.（　　） Without the ability to reach out across space， the chance to save ourselves might not exist.Earth is the only planet known to maintain life， but our ability to adapt could eventually allow us to inhabit other planets and moons.
　　Our lifestyles would be different， but human life and cultures have adapted in the past and surely could in the future.9.（　　）
A.But given time， it will happen.
B.Space allows us to expand and succeed.
C.Resources translate into success at survival.
D.With knowledge， their consequences may be reduced.
E.Nearly all successful civilizations have been willing to explore.
F.Scientists can function at world-class level in their specialist fields.
G.The dangers exist and knowledge can allow us as a species to survive.
Ⅲ.完形填空
　　My son had just turned five， and my husband and I were worried about which school to send him to.We started 　10　 schools， and then we started writing lists of the pros and cons of each school we visited.Still， we felt 　11　 of which school to choose.Amid this indecision， I 　12　 my friend Shannon who I 　13　 most when I’m 　14　 parenting decisions.
　　“Shannon， I’m so worried about picking the 　15　 school，” I told her.
　　“Let me tell you a story about 　16　 first，” Shannon said.“One night I went to buy some beans for dinner.One can was cheaper than the other， but it wasn’t quite as good as the other.I stood there undecided for twenty minutes.I finally realized whether I picked brand A or brand B can of beans， it didn’t 　17　 in the long run.”
　　Shannon made me laugh so hard.“Loving your kid is more important than picking the ‘perfect’ school.Because you are good 　18　， whatever school you pick is the right school.And， 　19　， you can always pick another one if it’s not a good 　20　，” she said.
　　I felt a lot better after I hung up the phone with Shannon.My husband and I were able to pick a good school for our son.Now， whenever I’m in the midst of 　21　， I ask myself this question，“Is it just a can of beans？” And， 　22　， it is.I have to just move forward and make my 　23　.And if it turns out to be the wrong can of beans， I can always go back and get a 　24　 one.
10.（　）A.beautifying　　　B.describing
C.supporting D.investigating
11.（　）A.unmindful B.uncertain
C.ashamed D.afraid
12.（　）A.assisted B.left
C.called D.visited
13.（　）A.come across B.look after
C.laugh at D.depend on
14.（　）A.struggling with B.showing off
C.submitting to D.beginning with
15.（　）A.former B.wrong
C.individual D.nearby
16.（　）A.habits B.dreams
C.chances D.choices
17.（　）A.matter B.end
C.repeat D.increase
18.（　）A.cooks B.students
C.parents D.sellers
19.（　）A.besides B.therefore
C.otherwise D.instead
20.（　）A.question B.fit
C.point D.excuse
21.（　）A.move B.recovery
C.hesitation D.surprise
22.（　）A.officially B.permanently
C.personally D.usually
23.（　）A.preparation B.decision
C.promise D.fortune
24.（　）A.delicious B.familiar
C.different D.legal
Ⅳ.读后续写
　　阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
　　It was the first day of Spring Break.Lying on my bed， I looked at the calendar on my wall and down at my leg wrapped tight in a white cast.I could hear my friends down at the baseball field， enjoying their practice.Meanwhile， I was stuck inside， missing out on all the fun.
　　As I watched a movie marathon， I grew frustrated with my limited activities.Clicking off the TV， I thought about ways to keep myself busy.Suddenly， an idea struck me.I grabbed an old paper airplane manual （说明书） and started crafting airplanes.I aimed to launch them from my window and see how far they could reach， hoping someone might notice and visit me.
　　Time passed， and I began to doubt whether any of my airplanes had made it past the yard.Just as I started feeling disheartened， the doorbell rang.My bedroom door burst open， and my friends Dustin and Casey appeared， wide eyed and full of curiosity.
　　Dustin mentioned that he had caught one of my airplanes with his mitt （棒球手套）.Casey joked about the number of airplanes I had made， thinking I must have been incredibly bored.We laughed and talked， and then they asked if they could sign my cast.
　　Over the following days， more friends joined in.They came to visit and leave their marks on my cast.The cast， once plain and white， transformed into a colourful canvas decorated with the signatures of my closest companions.
　　In between visits I reflected on my past misfortunes.Losing my front teeth， I was unable to eat my birthday cake， but it made me stand out during the school recital （朗诵会）.Catching chicken pox （水痘） shut me inside the house but unintentionally helped my little league team win the Series.Sometimes， bad things can have unexpected positive outcomes.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式作答。
　　During the last few afternoons of the break， my friends helped me down to watch some baseball practices.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　By the time school started back up， I’d become the official catcher for our baseball team.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Section Ⅳ　Extended reading & Project & Assessment
基础知识自测
维度一
1.shelter　2.rocket　3.motives　4.purse　5.nuclear
6.dust　7.calculated　8.tales
维度二
1.constantly　2.foundation　3.frequency　4.investment　5.coverage　6.Incredibly　7.assistant　8.original
维度三
1.what the manager had said
2.thus changing viewers’ experience
3.It is through plenty of experiments that
维度四
1.extremely　2.so　3.to learn　4.the　5.developed
6.easier　7.was applied　8.where　9.it　10.to become
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了机器人运用于太空探索的重要性。
1.A　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段首句可知，用机器人进行太空探索比人类从事这项工作花费更少。
2.B　词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句可知，温度太高或太低，人类都无法忍受。由此可知，画线词意为“忍受”。
3.D　观点态度题。通读全文可知，作者只是客观地介绍了机器人在太空探索中的应用，并没有带任何感彩。
4.D　标题归纳题。根据第一段中的but robots are very important to space exploration and are being used in a variety of different ways for several important reasons并结合下文可知，本文主要介绍了机器人正被运用于太空探索。因此，D项为本文最佳标题。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人类为什么要探索太空。
5.E　根据空前两句可知，本段介绍了人类不断进行探索的原因，正是因为探索，我们的祖先才从树上搬到平原上，E项（几乎所有成功的文明都愿意探索）能够承接上文，解释了我们为什么要探索太空。
6.C　上文告诉我们对太空的探索会为人类创造新的资源，C项（资源转化为生存的成功）承接上文，说明太空探索会为人类创造新的资源，而这些资源会让人类继续生存下去。
7.A　上文告诉我们大型小行星撞击地球的可能性很小，A项（但只要时间到了，它就会发生）与上文构成转折关系，符合语境。
8.G　根据空后一句可知，如果不进行太空探索，拯救我们自己的机会可能就不存在了，G项（危险是存在的，知识可以让我们作为一个物种生存下来）能够引起下文，说明探索太空正是为了获取太空知识，如果不这样做，可能未来的某一天，我们将无法存活。
9.B　根据上文可知，人类的生活和文化会适应未来，B项（太空让我们得以扩展和成功）承接上文，符合语境。
Ⅲ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。有时，看似重要的决策其实并没有那么重要，我们要大胆抉择。即使选错了，我们还有重新选择的机会。
10.D　根据下文and then we started writing lists of the pros and cons of each school we visited可知，为了给儿子选学校，“我”和“我”的丈夫开始考察各所学校，然后列出每所学校的利弊清单。即便如此，我们还是决定不了选哪一所学校。
11.B　参见上题解析。
12.C　根据最后一段中的I felt a lot better after I hung up the phone with Shannon.可知，“我”给“我”的朋友Shannon打电话求助，每当“我”在育儿决策方面陷入困境时，她是“我”最依赖的支持者。
13.D　参见上题解析。
14.A　参见第12题解析。
15.B　根据上文I’m so worried about可知，“我”担心会选错学校。
16.D　根据下文I finally realized whether I picked brand A or brand B can of beans可知，Shannon给“我”讲了一个关于“选择”的故事。
17.A　根据下文And if it turns out to be the wrong can of beans， I can always go back and get a 　24　 one.可知，从长远来看，选择哪个牌子的豆子其实并不重要。
18.C　根据上文可知，Shannon肯定了“我”和“我”的丈夫是称职的父母，无论我们选择哪一所学校都会是正确的选择。她还表示，如果发现所选的学校不合适，我们随时都可以选择另外一所学校。
19.A　参见上题解析。
20.B　参见第18题解析。
21.C　根据语境可知，每当“我”犹豫不决时，“我”都会问自己这个问题，“是不是只是一罐豆子的问题？”通常都是。“我”只需要继续前进，作出决定。
22.D　参见上题解析。
23.B　参见第21题解析。
24.C　根据上文you can always pick another one if it’s not a good 　20　可知，即便是选错了豆子，“我”还能返回去拿不同的那一罐。
Ⅳ.
　　During the last few afternoons of the break， my friends helped me down to watch some baseball practices.They even let me play catcher a couple of times， a position I had never tried before.But I liked it a lot and was pretty good at it， too.As the days passed， my passion for catching grew stronger.The sound of the ball hitting the mitt and the thrill of making a perfect throw ignited a fire within me.Little did I know that this new-found passion for catching would continue beyond Spring Break.
　　By the time school started back up， I’d become the official catcher for our baseball team.Although I couldn’t participate in batting due to my injury， the sheer joy of catching those strikes made it all worthwhile.Standing on my crutches， I passionately cheered for my team for the remainder of the game， feeling no pain in my leg.My cast， once resembling a cocoon that restricted my mobility， now symbolized something far greater.Covered in signatures and well wishes from my friends， it transformed into a tangible representation of their unwavering support and belief in me.
5 / 5Section Ⅳ　Extended reading & Project & Assessment
Why we explore
　　[1]In 1969， when Neil Armstrong first landed on the Moon， many people thought that soon we would be regularly visiting other planets in our solar system① and would even dare to② travel beyond it.This is clearly not the case.[2]The reality is that space exploration is extremely difficult and dangerous， can take a very long time and costs a huge amount of③ money.[3]Some people believe that while space exploration expands④ our understanding of the universe， it is a waste of the public purse⑤ and does nothing to enhance the quality of our lives⑥ here on the Earth.Why do we continue to explore space， then？
　　[1]句中when引导时间状语从句，主句谓语是thought，后接that引导的宾语从句。
　　[2]句中that引导表语从句，后面的三个动词is、 can take和costs作并列谓语。
　　[3]句中that引导宾语从句，作动词believe的宾语；该宾语从句中含有一个复合句；while引导让步状语从句，主句中is 和does 是并列谓语。
　　It is in our nature⑦ to explore.From the very early days of human life on the Earth， our curiosity about the unknown has kept us adventuring⑧ into new places.We long to⑨ visit thick and wild forests， climb vast mountain ranges⑩， and cross deep oceans.We desire to explore the furthest frontier of all—space.[4]As Stephen Hawking once said， “Remember to look up at the stars and not down at your feet.[5] Try to make sense of what you see and wonder about what makes the universe exist.Be curious.” [6]That we are fascinated by the sky is evident in ancient tales from around the world， such as that of Chang’e.[7] While space exploration is a reality， we remain curious about the mysteries of the universe.[8]With each space mission comes greater insight ， thus motivating us to continue along the same path of adventure.
　　[4]句中As引导非限制性定语从句，意为“正如，正像”，指代后面整个句子的内容。
　　[5]句中两个what都引导宾语从句，分别作介词of和about的宾语。
　　[6]That引导主语从句，that在从句中不作任何成分。
　　[7]While引导让步状语从句。
　　[8]此处为完全倒装，介词短语With each space mission置于句首，正常语序是 greater insight comes with each space mission；“thus＋动词-ing短语motivating us to continue ...”作结果状语，表示自然而然、情理之中的事。
　　The results of these space investigations have made major contributions to an understanding of the origin ， evolution ， and likely future of the universe， such as planets， stars， and all other forms of matter and energy.Exploring space helps address fundamental questions about our place in the universe and the history of our solar system.[9] It is through our research into space that we have confirmed that the Earth is round and that it orbits the Sun.[10] As we learn more about the universe， we may one day answer the question whether there is life on other planets.
　　[9]本句为“It is ... that ...”强调句，强调方式状语through our research into space；第二、三个that引导宾语从句，作动词confirmed的宾语。第二个that可以省略，第三个that不可以省略。
　　[10]As引导时间状语从句，意为“随着”；whether引导同位语从句，解释说明名词question。
　　[11] With technologies first researched and developed for space exploration， we can solve some of the big problems facing mankind， making our lives safer and easier.One of these is earthquake shock absorbers .Shock absorbers originally applied to the space shuttle launch have also been set up in the cities with a high frequency of earthquakes in order to protect buildings
【读文清障】
①solar system太阳系
②dare to do sth敢于做某事
③a huge amount of大量的，许多
④expand vt.扩大，增加
⑤purse n.资金，财源；钱包
⑥enhance the quality of our lives提升我们的生活质量
⑦in one’s nature本性如此
⑧adventure vi.去（某地）探险
⑨long to do sth渴望做某事
long for sth渴望得到某物
⑩mountain ranges山脉
frontier n.边界，边境；国界；（学科或活动的）尖端，边缘
make sense of搞清楚，理解，弄懂
wonder about想知道，弄明白
be fascinated by对……着迷，深深吸引
tale n.故事；讲述，叙述
insight n.领悟；洞悉，了解；洞察力
motivate sb to do sth激励某人做某事
investigation n.科学研究；调查
make contributions to
对……作出贡献
origin n.起源，起因；出身
evolution n.演变；进化；发展
matter n.物质
forms of matter and energy 物质和能量形式
address vt.解决；处理；对付
address fundamental questions 处理基本的问题
confirm vt.使确信，确认
it has been confirmed that ...已经确定……
shock absorber减震器
be applied to被应用于……
shuttle n.航天飞机；来往于两地之间的航班（或班车、火车）
vi.频繁往来（于两地之间）
set up 安装，装配
frequency n.发生率，出现率；频繁；频率
a high frequency of ……频发
and save lives.Some technologies need further research to better solve real-life problems.[12] For example， liquid hydrogen is a clean alternative energy source that is used widely as rocket fuel， and it is likely that hydrogen fuel cell vehicles will be mass-produced and launched in the near future.These scientific and technological advances can provide benefits to societies on the Earth in many areas including health， energy and information technology.This should be a strong motive for continuing to explore space.
　　Although space exploration demands huge investment ， the space industry can actually bring great economic value.[13]It has been calculated that the global space economy is increasing by billions of dollars every year.At the same time， space exploration can provide a variety of career opportunities for young people.Jobs in the space industry go far beyond the astronauts that receive widespread media coverage .There are many support staff on the ground， such as engineers， mechanics and research assistants .
　　[11]with复合结构“with＋名词＋过去分词”作状语；动词-ing短语facing mankind作定语，修饰名词problems。动词-ing短语making our lives safer and easier作结果状语。
　　[12]本句整体上是and连接的并列句。前一个分句中，that引导定语从句，修饰先行词energy source；后一个分句中，it作形式主语，that从句作真正的主语。
　　[13]It has been calculated that ...意为“据估算……”。It作形式主语，that从句作真正的主语。
　　Moreover， the amazing work these people do can provide education and inspiration for the next generation.For me personally， this is by far the biggest reason for humanity to explore space.[14] Such wonders as a space shuttle launch or astronauts walking on the Moon are incredibly exciting and inspiring to witness， and it can be these moments that shape children’s lives forever and motivate them to become the scientists and engineers of the future. It is this kind of inspiration that keeps our thirst for knowledge alive and ensures that advances in space exploration and many other fields will continue to be made.When you have seen a man walk on the Moon， you grow up believing that anything is possible！
　　[14]本句整体上是and连接的并列句。前一分句中astronauts walking on the Moon是动词-ing形式的复合结构；后一分句为强调句，强调主语these moments。
hydrogen n.氢，氢气
an alternative energy source
一种可替代能源
rocket n.火箭；火箭武器
rocket fuel火箭燃料
motive n.原因，动机，目的
investment n.投资；投入
calculate vt.计算，核算；预测
coverage n.新闻报道；覆盖范围；信息范围
cover vt.报道
mechanic n.机械师，技工
assistant n.助理；售货员；助教
adj.助理的，副的
incredibly adv.极其，极端地；令人难以置信
a thirst for 对……的渴望
【参考译文】
我们为何探索
　　1969 年，尼尔·阿姆斯特朗首次登陆月球时，许多人认为，用不了多久我们就将经常去往太阳系内其他行星，甚至敢去往太阳系外的地方。实际情况显然不是这样。现实是，太空探索极度困难而危险，会耗费漫长的时间，花费大量的金钱。有些人相信，虽然太空探索拓展了我们对宇宙的理解，但它浪费政府经费，并且对于提升我们在地球上的生活质量毫无帮助。那么，我们为什么还要继续探索太空呢？
　　探索是我们的天性使然。从地球上最早期的人类生命开始，我们对于未知事物的好奇心就一直促使我们不断去往新的地方冒险。我们渴望探索茂密的原始森林，攀登广袤的山脉，越过深邃的海洋。我们想要探索这世间最为遥远的边界——太空。正如斯蒂芬·霍金曾经所说：“记得仰望星空，不要低头看脚下。努力去认清你所看到的事物，并且思索是什么让这个宇宙存在。要有好奇心。”天空令我们心驰神往，从世界各地的古老传说里明显看出这一点，例如嫦娥的传说。虽然太空探索已成现实，我们仍对宇宙的奥秘充满好奇。每次太空任务的进行，随之而来的是更深刻的理解，激励着我们沿着同一条冒险之路继续前行。
　　这些太空科学研究的成果，为我们理解宇宙（如行星、恒星以及所有其他形式的物质和能量）的起源、演化和可能的未来，作出了重要的贡献。探索太空，有助于阐明关于我们在宇宙中的位置以及太阳系的历史这些本质问题。正是通过对太空的研究，我们才能确定地球是圆的，它绕着太阳公转。随着我们对宇宙的了解日益加深，有一天我们可以回答其他行星上有无生命这个问题。
　　依靠为太空探索首次研发的技术，我们可以解决一些人类面临的重大问题，让我们的生活变得更加安全和舒适。其中一项技术就是地震减震器。最初应用到航天飞机发射中的减震器也已安装在地震频发的城市里，以便保护建筑和挽救生命。有的技术还需要进一步研究，以便更好地解决现实生活中的问题。例如，液态氢，一种清洁的可替代能源，被广泛用作火箭燃料，而氢燃料的电动汽车很有可能在不久的将来实现批量生产，投放市场。这些科技的进步能在健康、能源和信息技术等众多领域造福于地球的各个社会。这应该成为继续探索太空的一个强有力的动机。
　　尽管太空探索需要巨额投资，但实际上航天业能够带来巨大的经济价值。据统计，全球航天经济每年增长数十亿美元。与此同时，太空探索能为年轻人提供各种各样的工作机会。航天产业中的职业远不只是受到媒体广泛报道的宇航员。有许多地面的支撑人员，例如工程师、机械师和研究助理。
　　更重要的是，这些人的出色工作，能为下一代提供教育和激励。对我个人而言，这是迄今为止人类探索太空的最大原因。亲眼见证航天飞机发射或宇航员月球漫步这样的奇迹是极其振奋与鼓舞人心的；可能正是这些时刻，永久地塑造了孩子们的人生，激励他们成为未来的科学家和工程师。也正是这种激励，使我们始终保持对知识的渴望，并确保在太空探索及其他许多领域会一直取得进步。如果你见过一个人在月球漫步，那么你在成长的过程中就会坚信，一切皆有可能！
第一步：析架构，理文本脉络
Read the passage quickly and fill in the blanks with suitable words.
第二步：精读文，达明察秋毫
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer.
1.Why Neil Armstrong’s first landing on the Moon is mentioned in the first paragraph？（　　）
A.To lead to the topic of the passage.
B.To show the difficulties in space exploration.
C.To show the fast development of science and technology.
D.To inform readers of some facts about space exploration.
2.What do Stephen Hawking’s words in Paragraph 2 want to stress？（　　）
A.The importance of space exploration.
B.The importance of looking up at the stars.
C.The importance of sending people to space.
D.The importance of being curious about the unknown.
3.Which words have the similar meaning to the word “address” in Paragraph 3？（　　）
A.Ask for help.　　　 B.Deal with.
C.Write letters to. D.Give a speech.
4.Which of the following jobs are NOT support staff on the ground？（　　）
A.Engineers.
B.Astronauts.
C.Mechanics.
D.Research assistants.
5.What’s the biggest reason for humanity to explore space？（　　）
A.Bringing more employment for humans.
B.Providing more information technology.
C.Bringing great economic value.
D.Providing education and inspiration for the next generation.
第三步：通词句，学语言表达
1.词汇学习——循规律，记单词
（1）以-cy结尾的名词
①frequency 发生率，出现率；频繁；频率
②accuracy 准确（性）；准确度
③urgency 紧迫，急迫；急事
④tendency 趋向，趋势，倾向
⑤privacy 隐私，隐居；秘密
⑥efficiency 效率；功效，效能
（2）动词＋-ment变名词归纳
①invest→investment 投资；投入
②arrange→arrangement 安排；筹备
③develop→development 发展
④improve→improvement 提高
⑤punish→punishment 惩罚
⑥excite→excitement 兴奋
⑦agree→agreement 协议；一致
2.美句欣赏——赏佳句，品用法
（1）引用
引用是指在说话或写作中引用现成的话，如诗句、格言、成语等，以表达自己思想感情的修辞方法。运用引用的写作手法，既可使文章言简意赅，有助于说理抒情；又可增加文采，增强表现力。
请从课文中找出使用引用的句子，朗读品味并翻译。
原句：　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
翻译：　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
（2）强调句
强调句是英文中的一种高级表达，强调表达内容的重要性。强调句的基本句型是“It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子其他部分”，常用于强调主语、宾语和状语。
请从课文中找出此类用法的句子，朗读品味并翻译。
①原句：　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
翻译：　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
②原句：　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
翻译：　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
③原句：　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
翻译：　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
第四步：析难句，清阅读障碍
1.Some people believe that while space exploration expands our understanding of the universe， it is a waste of the public purse and does nothing to enhance the quality of our lives here on the Earth.
句式分析
自主翻译 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
2.As we learn more about the universe， we may one day answer the question whether there is life on other planets.
句式分析
自主翻译 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
3.For example， liquid hydrogen is a clean alternative energy source that is used widely as rocket fuel， and it is likely that hydrogen fuel cell vehicles will be mass-produced and launched in the near future.
句式分析
自主翻译 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
第五步：拓视野，育思维品质
1.The article talks about the advantages of space exploration.Do you agree or disagree with the author’s opinion？ （Critical Thinking 批判性思维）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
2.What possible changes do you think future space exploration will bring to human cognition（认知）？ （Creative Thinking 创造性思维）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Part Ⅰ　核心词汇集释
origin n.起源，起因；出身
【教材原句】　The results of these space investigations have made major contributions to an understanding of the origin， evolution， and likely future of the universe， such as planets， stars， and all other forms of matter and energy.这些太空科学研究的成果，为我们理解宇宙（如行星、恒星以及所有其他形式的物质和能量）的起源、演化和可能的未来，作出了重要的贡献。
【用法】
（1）origin of ...　　　　　……的起源 （2）originate vi. 起源，发源，发端于 originate from/in sth/sp 源自某事/地 originate from/with sb 源自某人 （3）original adj. 最初的；独创的；原作的 originally adv. 最初；起初
【佳句】　Many words in the English language are French in origin.
英语中的许多词源于法语。
His original idea was about the origin of human beings.
他独特的想法是关于人类起源的。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①Her unhappy childhood was the origin 　　　　　　her mental problems later in life.
②According to some academic studies， sugar painting originated 　　　　　　the Ming Dynasty.
③The 　　　　　　（origin） intention of the project is to involve more people in our voluntary activities.
④　　　　　　 （original）， it was a bedroom， but we turned it into a study.
【写美】　完成句子
⑤　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 is unclear.
这个节日的确切来源尚不清楚。
motive n.原因，动机，目的
【教材原句】　This should be a strong motive for continuing to explore space.
这应该成为继续探索太空的一个强有力的动机。
【用法】
（1）motive for （doing） sth （做）某事的动机/原因/目的 （2）motivate vt. 激励，激发；成为……的动机，是……的原因 motivate sb to do sth 激励某人做某事 be motivated by sth 被某事激励/驱使 （3）motivation n. 动力；诱因；积极性
【佳句】　She has a natural ability to understand the motives of others.She motivated students to learn music with her creativity.
她有一种洞察他人动机的天赋。她用自己的创造力激励学生学习音乐。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①The police have ruled out robbery as a motive 　　　　　　the killing.
②Having no 　　　　　　（motivate） to study may be the most dangerous thing for a student.
③Motivated 　　　　　　her heroic deeds， she was determined to be a woman like her.
【写美】　完成句子
④A good teacher is the person who can 　　　　　　　　　　　　.
一个好老师是能够激励学生努力学习的人。
investment n.投资；投入
【教材原句】　Although space exploration demands huge investment， the space industry can actually bring great economic value.
尽管太空探索需要巨额投资，但实际上航天业能够带来巨大的经济价值。
【用法】
（1）make an investment in　对……的投资 investment of ……的投入 （2）invest vt.& vi. 投资 invest sth in （doing） sth 将（时间、精力等）投入（做）某事上 （3）investor n. 投资者；投资机构
【佳句】　Young people are an investment for our future.
年轻人是我们未来的资本。
The investor was happy to have invested in such a meaningful project.
投资者很高兴投资那样一个富有意义的项目。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①The project has demanded large investment 　　　　　　time and effort.
②　　　　　　 （invest） in hospitals is needed now to match the future needs of the country.
③Despite the poor service of the hotel， the manager is reluctant to invest 　　　　　　sufficient training for his staff.
【写美】　完成句子
④It would be inadvisable 　　　　　　　　　　　　one company.
你把所有的钱都投资在一家公司是不明智的。
calculate vt.计算，核算；预测
【教材原句】　It has been calculated that the global space economy is increasing by billions of dollars every year.据统计，全球航天经济每年增长数十亿美元。
【用法】
（1）calculate on （doing） sth 指望/依靠（做）某事（物） calculate that ...　　　估计/预测…… be calculated to do sth 打算/计划做某事 it is/has been calculated that ... 据计算…… （2）calculation n. 计算；推算 calculator n. 计算器
【佳句】　It has been calculated that at least 47，000 jobs were lost last year.
据估算，去年至少47000人次失去了工作。
At some stage we need to calculate when the project will be finished.
在某个阶段，我们需要算算该项目何时才能完工。
【练透】　单句语法填空/完成句子
①We calculate 　　　　　　having fine weather next week.
②Too much of modern life is rushed and stressful， and neither is calculated 　　　　　　（do） you any good.
③Laboratory work needs not only accurate measurements but also correct 　　　　　　（calculate）.
④　　　　　　　　　　　　 a holiday in France would cost？
去法国度假的开销有多大，你算过没有？
【写美】　翻译句子
⑤据估算，体育馆的建设需要两年时间。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
coverage n.新闻报道；覆盖范围；信息范围
【教材原句】　Jobs in the space industry go far beyond the astronauts that receive widespread media coverage.航空业中的职业远不只是受到媒体广泛报道的宇航员。
【用法】
（1）media/newspaper/live coverage 　　　　　　　　媒体/报刊/现场的报道 insurance coverage 保险范围 （2）cover v.　遮盖；覆盖；包含；足以支付；行走（一段路程）；报道 n. 覆盖物；盖子；（书刊的）封面，封皮 be covered with/by　被……覆盖
【佳句】　This documentary produced by BBC has attracted wide media coverage and has featured on CCTV 9.
这部由英国广播公司制作的纪录片吸引了媒体的广泛报道，并在CCTV 9作了专题报道。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①Several television stations will give live 　　　　　（cover） to the conference to be held this Friday.
②Over one fourth of the country 　　　　　　　　（cover） with desert.
【写美】　完成句子
③We 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　on Saturday afternoon.
星期六下午我们将现场报道此次比赛。（cover）
④　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 can save many more people.
扩大医疗保险的覆盖面可以挽救更多的人。
assistant n.助理；售货员；助教 adj.助理的，副的
【教材原句】　There are many support staff on the ground， such as engineers， mechanics and research assistants.
有许多地面的支撑人员，例如工程师、机械师和研究助理。
【用法】
（1）assist vt.　　　　　　　帮助，协助，援助 assist sb with sth 帮助某人某事 assist sb to do sth 帮助某人做某事 assist sb in doing sth 帮助某人做某事 （2）assistance n. 帮助，援助 come to one’s assistance 援助某人，帮助某人 with the assistance of ... 在……的帮助下
【佳句】　My assistant will stand in for me while I’m away.
我不在的期间，由我的助手代替我。
As an assistant， he assists the professor with the experiment.And his assistance makes the experiment easier to do.作为一名助教，他协助教授做实验。他的帮助使实验更容易进行。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①To assist the students 　　　　　　　　（learn） Chinese better， our school has decided to donate some books to your Chinese class.
②We’re looking for volunteers who would be willing to assist us 　　　　　　the group’s work.
③ Having a great deal of teaching experience at a primary school， I do believe that I am qualified to be your teaching 　　　　　　（assist）.
【写美】　翻译句子
④每当他遇到困难时，他最好的朋友总是来帮助他。（come to one’s assistance）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
shelter n.居所，住处；庇护 vt.保护，掩蔽vi.躲避
【教材原句】　We should find permanent shelter that offers long-term protection from radiation.
我们应该找到提供长期的辐射防护的永久的庇护所。
【用法】
（1）set/put up shelters　　建立避难所 take shelter from ... 躲避…… under the shelter of 在……的庇护下 （2）shelter ... from ... 保护……免遭…… shelter from 躲避（风雨或危险）
【佳句】　To my delight， the baby grew up gradually under the shelter of his mom.
令我高兴的是，这个婴儿在他妈妈的庇护下逐渐长大了。
Rescue workers set/put up shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.救援人员为那些家园被毁的幸存者建立了避难所。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①They just want to shelter their kids 　　　　　　every kind of danger.
②We stopped running and 　　　　　　（shelter） from the rain in a nearby café.
③They went under the bridge to shelter 　　　　　　the wind and rain.
【写美】　翻译句子
④我们小的时候，父母总是保护我们不受任何伤害。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Part Ⅱ　重点句型解构
句型公式：what 引导宾语从句
【教材原句】　Try to make sense of what you see and wonder about what makes the universe exist.
努力去认清你所看到的事物，并且思索是什么让这个宇宙存在。
【用法】
（1）介词后不跟that引导的宾语从句，这时需要用it作介词的形式宾语，再接that引导的宾语从句；但what、which、whom等引导的宾语从句可放在介词之后。 （2）介词后可接whether引导的宾语从句，但不能接由if引导的宾语从句。 （3）what引导的宾语从句是名词性从句的一种，what在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语；what可翻译为“……的东西/事情”。
【品悟】　In this painting， Picasso showed his feelings about what had happened to the town.在这幅画中，对于这座城镇所遭遇的一切，毕加索表达了自己的情感。
【写美】　完成句子/句式升级
①Before you listen， you can read the questions and the choices.It will help you to predict 　　　　　　　　　　.
在你听之前，你可以读一下问题和选项。这可以帮你预测你会听到什么内容。
②We are talking about 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
我们正在讨论是否允许学生加入我们的俱乐部。
③The boy is too young to know what to do when in trouble.
→The boy is too young to know 　　　　　　　　　　　　when in trouble.（宾语从句）
Section Ⅳ　Extended reading & Project & Assessment
【文本透析·剖语篇】
第一步
1.space　2.curiosity　3.origin　4.safer and easier
5.economic value　6.inspire
第二步
1－5　ADBBD
第三步
2.（1）As Stephen Hawking once said， “Remember to look up at the stars and not down at your feet.Try to make sense of what you see and wonder about what makes the universe exist.Be curious.”
正如斯蒂芬·霍金曾经所说：“记得仰望星空，不要低头看脚下。努力去认清你所看到的事物，并且思索是什么让这个宇宙存在。要有好奇心。”
（2）①It is through our research into space that we have confirmed that the Earth is round and that it orbits the Sun.
正是通过对太空的研究，我们才能确定地球是圆的，它绕着太阳公转。
②Such wonders as a space shuttle launch or astronauts walking on the Moon are incredibly exciting and inspiring to witness， and it can be these moments that shape children’s lives forever and motivate them to become the scientists and engineers of the future.
亲眼见证航天飞机发射或宇航员月球漫步这样的奇迹是极其振奋与鼓舞人心的；可能正是这些时刻，永久地塑造了孩子们的人生，激励他们成为未来的科学家和工程师。
③It is this kind of inspiration that keeps our thirst for knowledge alive and ensures that advances in space exploration and many other fields will continue to be made.
也正是这种激励，使我们始终保持对知识的渴望，并确保在太空探索及其他许多领域会一直取得进步。
第四步
1.有些人相信，虽然太空探索拓展了我们对宇宙的理解，但它浪费政府经费，并且对于提升我们在地球上的生活质量毫无帮助。
2. 随着我们对宇宙的了解日益加深，有一天我们可以回答其他行星上有无生命这个问题。
3.例如，液态氢，一种清洁的可替代能源，被广泛用作火箭燃料，而氢燃料的电动汽车很有可能在不久的将来实现批量生产，投放市场。
第五步
1.I do not agree with the author’s opinion because I believe that the focus should be on developing technology to keep the Earth and all its inhabitants safe and healthy.After all， this planet is our home.
2.The future of space exploration will expand our understanding of our role as humans.As space exploration reveals more mysteries， our perspective of our planet and ourselves will change.
【核心知识·巧突破】
Part Ⅰ
1.①of　②from　③original　④Originally
⑤The exact origin of the holiday
2.①for　②motivation　③by
④motivate students to work hard
3.①of　②Investment　③in　④to invest all your money in
4.①on　②to do　③calculation　④Have you calculated what　⑤It is/has been calculated that the construction of the stadium will take two years.
5.①coverage　②is covered　③will cover the game live
④Expanding the coverage of health insurance
6.①to learn　②with　③assistant　④Whenever he is in trouble， his best friend always comes to his assistance.
7.①from　②sheltered　③from　④Our parents always sheltered us from any harm when we were young.
Part Ⅱ
　①what you will hear　②whether we admit students into our club　③what he should do
12 / 13(共134张PPT)
Section Ⅳ　Extended reading & Project & Assessment
1
篇章助解·释疑难
目 录
2
文本透析·剖语篇
4
课时检测·提能力
3
核心知识·巧突破
篇章助解·释疑难
力推课前预习
1
Why we explore
　　[1]In 1969， when Neil Armstrong first landed on the Moon， many
people thought that soon we would be regularly visiting other planets in our
solar system① and would even dare to② travel beyond it.This is clearly not
the case.[2]The reality is that space exploration is extremely difficult and
dangerous， can take a very long time and costs a huge amount of③
money.[3]Some people believe that while space exploration expands④ our
understanding of the universe， it is a waste of the public purse⑤ and does
nothing to enhance the quality of our lives⑥ here on the Earth.Why do we
continue to explore space， then？
　　[1]句中when引导时间状语从句，主句谓语是thought，后接that
引导的宾语从句。
　　[2]句中that引导表语从句，后面的三个动词is、 can take和costs
作并列谓语。
　　[3]句中that引导宾语从句，作动词believe的宾语；该宾语从句中
含有一个复合句；while引导让步状语从句，主句中is 和does 是并列
谓语。
【读文清障】
①solar system太阳系
②dare to do sth敢于做某事
③a huge amount of大量的，许多
④expand vt.扩大，增加
⑤purse n.资金，财源；钱包
⑥enhance the quality of our lives提升我们的生活质量
　　It is in our nature⑦ to explore.From the very early days of human life
on the Earth， our curiosity about the unknown has kept us adventuring⑧
into new places.We long to⑨ visit thick and wild forests， climb vast
mountain ranges⑩， and cross deep oceans.We desire to explore the
furthest frontier of all—space.[4]As Stephen Hawking once said，
“Remember to look up at the stars and not down at your feet.[5] Try to
make sense of what you see and wonder about what makes the universe
exist.Be curious.” [6]That we are fascinated by the sky is evident in
ancient tales from around the world， such as that of Chang’e.[7]
While space exploration is a reality， we remain curious about the
mysteries of the universe.[8]With each space mission comes greater
insight ， thus motivating us to continue along the same path of
adventure.
　　[4]句中As引导非限制性定语从句，意为“正如，正像”，
指代后面整个句子的内容。
　　[5]句中两个what都引导宾语从句，分别作介词of和about的
宾语。
　　[6]That引导主语从句，that在从句中不作任何成分。
　　[7]While引导让步状语从句。
　　[8]此处为完全倒装，介词短语With each space mission置于
句首，正常语序是 greater insight comes with each space
mission；“thus＋动词-ing短语motivating us to continue ...”作
结果状语，表示自然而然、情理之中的事。
⑦in one’s nature本性如此
⑧adventure vi.去（某地）探险
⑨long to do sth渴望做某事
long for sth渴望得到某物
⑩mountain ranges山脉
frontier n.边界，边境；国界；（学科或活动的）尖端，边缘
make sense of搞清楚，理解，弄懂
wonder about想知道，弄明白
be fascinated by对……着迷，深深吸引
tale n.故事；讲述，叙述
insight n.领悟；洞悉，了解；洞察力
motivate sb to do sth激励某人做某事
　　The results of these space investigations have made major
contributions to an understanding of the origin ， evolution ， and
likely future of the universe， such as planets， stars， and all other forms
of matter and energy.Exploring space helps address fundamental
questions about our place in the universe and the history of our solar
system.[9] It is through our research into space that we have confirmed
that the Earth is round and that it orbits the Sun.[10] As we learn more
about the universe， we may one day answer the question whether there is
life on other planets.
　　[9]本句为“It is ... that ...”强调句，强调方式状语through our
research into space；第二、三个that引导宾语从句，作动词confirmed
的宾语。第二个that可以省略，第三个that不可以省略。
　　[10]As引导时间状语从句，意为“随着”；whether引导同位语
从句，解释说明名词question。
investigation n.科学研究；调查
make contributions to
对……作出贡献
origin n.起源，起因；出身
evolution n.演变；进化；发展
matter n.物质
forms of matter and energy 物质和能量形式
address vt.解决；处理；对付
address fundamental questions 处理基本的问题
confirm vt.使确信，确认
it has been confirmed that ...已经确定……
　　[11] With technologies first researched and developed for space
exploration， we can solve some of the big problems facing mankind，
making our lives safer and easier.One of these is earthquake shock
absorbers .Shock absorbers originally applied to the space shuttle
launch have also been set up in the cities with a high frequency of
earthquakes in order to protect buildings and save lives.Some technologies
need further research to better solve real-life problems.[12] For
example， liquid hydrogen is a clean alternative energy source that is
used widely as rocket fuel，
and it is likely that hydrogen fuel cell vehicles will be mass-produced and
launched in the near future.These scientific and technological advances
can provide benefits to societies on the Earth in many areas including
health， energy and information technology.This should be a strong
motive for continuing to explore space.
　　Although space exploration demands huge investment ， the space
industry can actually bring great economic value.[13]It has been
calculated that the global space economy is increasing by billions of
dollars every year.At the same time， space exploration can provide a
variety of career opportunities for young people.Jobs in the space industry
go far beyond the astronauts that receive widespread media coverage
.There are many support staff on the ground， such as engineers，
mechanics and research assistants .
　　[11]with复合结构“with＋名词＋过去分词”作状语；动词-ing
短语facing mankind作定语，修饰名词problems。动词-ing短语making
our lives safer and easier作结果状语。
　　[12]本句整体上是and连接的并列句。前一个分句中，that引导定
语从句，修饰先行词energy source；后一个分句中，it作形式主语，
that从句作真正的主语。
　　[13]It has been calculated that ...意为“据估算……”。It作形式
主语，that从句作真正的主语。
shock absorber减震器
be applied to被应用于……
shuttle n.航天飞机；来往于两地之间的航班（或班车、火车）
vi.频繁往来（于两地之间）
set up 安装，装配
frequency n.发生率，出现率；频繁；频率
a high frequency of ……频发
hydrogen n.氢，氢气
an alternative energy source
一种可替代能源
rocket n.火箭；火箭武器
rocket fuel火箭燃料
motive n.原因，动机，目的
investment n.投资；投入
calculate vt.计算，核算；预测
coverage n.新闻报道；覆盖范围；信息范围
cover vt.报道
mechanic n.机械师，技工
assistant n.助理；售货员；助教
adj.助理的，副的
　　Moreover， the amazing work these people do can provide education
and inspiration for the next generation.For me personally， this is by far
the biggest reason for humanity to explore space.[14] Such wonders as a
space shuttle launch or astronauts walking on the Moon are incredibly
exciting and inspiring to witness， and it can be these moments that shape
children’s lives forever and motivate them to become the scientists and
engineers of the future.It is this kind of inspiration that keeps our thirst for
knowledge alive and ensures that advances in space exploration and
many other fields will continue to be made.When you have seen a man
walk on the Moon， you grow up believing that anything is possible！
　　[14]本句整体上是and连接的并列句。前一分句中astronauts
walking on the Moon是动词-ing形式的复合结构；后一分句为强调
句，强调主语these moments。
incredibly adv.极其，极端地；令人难以置信
a thirst for 对……的渴望
【参考译文】
我们为何探索
　　1969 年，尼尔·阿姆斯特朗首次登陆月球时，许多人认为，用不
了多久我们就将经常去往太阳系内其他行星，甚至敢去往太阳系外的
地方。实际情况显然不是这样。现实是，太空探索极度困难而危险，
会耗费漫长的时间，花费大量的金钱。有些人相信，虽然太空探索拓
展了我们对宇宙的理解，但它浪费政府经费，并且对于提升我们在地
球上的生活质量毫无帮助。那么，我们为什么还要继续探索太空呢？
　　探索是我们的天性使然。从地球上最早期的人类生命开始，我们
对于未知事物的好奇心就一直促使我们不断去往新的地方冒险。我们
渴望探索茂密的原始森林，攀登广袤的山脉，越过深邃的海洋。我们
想要探索这世间最为遥远的边界——太空。正如斯蒂芬·霍金曾经所
说：“记得仰望星空，不要低头看脚下。努力去认清你所看到的事
物，并且思索是什么让这个宇宙存在。要有好奇心。”天空令我们心
驰神往，从世界各地的古老传说里明显看出这一点，例如嫦娥的传
说。虽然太空探索已成现实，我们仍对宇宙的奥秘充满好奇。每次太
空任务的进行，随之而来的是更深刻的理解，激励着我们沿着同一条
冒险之路继续前行。
　　这些太空科学研究的成果，为我们理解宇宙（如行星、恒星以及
所有其他形式的物质和能量）的起源、演化和可能的未来，作出了重
要的贡献。探索太空，有助于阐明关于我们在宇宙中的位置以及太阳
系的历史这些本质问题。正是通过对太空的研究，我们才能确定地球
是圆的，它绕着太阳公转。随着我们对宇宙的了解日益加深，有一天
我们可以回答其他行星上有无生命这个问题。
　　依靠为太空探索首次研发的技术，我们可以解决一些人类面临的
重大问题，让我们的生活变得更加安全和舒适。其中一项技术就是地
震减震器。最初应用到航天飞机发射中的减震器也已安装在地震频发
的城市里，以便保护建筑和挽救生命。有的技术还需要进一步研究，
以便更好地解决现实生活中的问题。例如，液态氢，一种清洁的可替
代能源，被广泛用作火箭燃料，而氢燃料的电动汽车很有可能在不久
的将来实现批量生产，投放市场。这些科技的进步能在健康、能源和
信息技术等众多领域造福于地球的各个社会。这应该成为继续探索太
空的一个强有力的动机。
　　尽管太空探索需要巨额投资，但实际上航天业能够带来巨大的经
济价值。据统计，全球航天经济每年增长数十亿美元。与此同时，太
空探索能为年轻人提供各种各样的工作机会。航天产业中的职业远不
只是受到媒体广泛报道的宇航员。有许多地面的支撑人员，例如工程
师、机械师和研究助理。
　　更重要的是，这些人的出色工作，能为下一代提供教育和激
励。对我个人而言，这是迄今为止人类探索太空的最大原因。亲
眼见证航天飞机发射或宇航员月球漫步这样的奇迹是极其振奋与
鼓舞人心的；可能正是这些时刻，永久地塑造了孩子们的人生，
激励他们成为未来的科学家和工程师。也正是这种激励，使我们
始终保持对知识的渴望，并确保在太空探索及其他许多领域会一
直取得进步。如果你见过一个人在月球漫步，那么你在成长的过
程中就会坚信，一切皆有可能！
文本透析·剖语篇
助力语篇理解
2
第一步：析架构，理文本脉络
Read the passage quickly and fill in the blanks with suitable words.
第二步：精读文，达明察秋毫
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer.
1. Why Neil Armstrong’s first landing on the Moon is mentioned in the
first paragraph？（　　）
A. To lead to the topic of the passage.
B. To show the difficulties in space exploration.
C. To show the fast development of science and technology.
D. To inform readers of some facts about space exploration.
2. What do Stephen Hawking’s words in Paragraph 2 want to stress？
（　　）
A. The importance of space exploration.
B. The importance of looking up at the stars.
C. The importance of sending people to space.
D. The importance of being curious about the unknown.
3. Which words have the similar meaning to the word “address” in
Paragraph 3？（　　）
A. Ask for help. B. Deal with.
C. Write letters to. D. Give a speech.
4. Which of the following jobs are NOT support staff on the ground？
（　　）
A. Engineers. B. Astronauts.
C. Mechanics. D. Research assistants.
5. What’s the biggest reason for humanity to explore space？（　　）
A. Bringing more employment for humans.
B. Providing more information technology.
C. Bringing great economic value.
D. Providing education and inspiration for the next generation.
第三步：通词句，学语言表达
1. 词汇学习——循规律，记单词
（1）以-cy结尾的名词
①frequency 发生率，出现率；频繁；频率
②accuracy 准确（性）；准确度
③urgency 紧迫，急迫；急事
④tendency 趋向，趋势，倾向
⑤privacy 隐私，隐居；秘密
⑥efficiency 效率；功效，效能
（2）动词＋-ment变名词归纳
①invest→investment 投资；投入
②arrange→arrangement 安排；筹备
③develop→development 发展
④improve→improvement 提高
⑤punish→punishment 惩罚
⑥excite→excitement 兴奋
⑦agree→agreement 协议；一致
2. 美句欣赏——赏佳句，品用法
（1）引用
引用是指在说话或写作中引用现成的话，如诗句、格言、成
语等，以表达自己思想感情的修辞方法。运用引用的写作手
法，既可使文章言简意赅，有助于说理抒情；又可增加文
采，增强表现力。
请从课文中找出使用引用的句子，朗读品味并翻译。
原句：



翻译：


As Stephen Hawking once said， “Remember to look
up at the stars and not down at your feet.Try to make sense of
what you see and wonder about what makes the universe exist.Be
curious.”　
正如斯蒂芬·霍金曾经所说：“记得仰望星空，不要
低头看脚下。努力去认清你所看到的事物，并且思索是什么
让这个宇宙存在。要有好奇心。”　
（2）强调句
强调句是英文中的一种高级表达，强调表达内容的重要性。
强调句的基本句型是“It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句
子其他部分”，常用于强调主语、宾语和状语。
请从课文中找出此类用法的句子，朗读品味并翻译。
①原句：

翻译：

It is through our research into space that we have
confirmed that the Earth is round and that it orbits the Sun.　
正是通过对太空的研究，我们才能确定地球是圆
的，它绕着太阳公转。　
②原句：




翻译：



Such wonders as a space shuttle launch or astronauts
walking on the Moon are incredibly exciting and inspiring to
witness， and it can be these moments that shape children’s
lives forever and motivate them to become the scientists and
engineers of the future.　
亲眼见证航天飞机发射或宇航员月球漫步这样的
奇迹是极其振奋与鼓舞人心的；可能正是这些时刻，永久
地塑造了孩子们的人生，激励他们成为未来的科学家和工
程师。　
③原句：


翻译：

It is this kind of inspiration that keeps our thirst for
knowledge alive and ensures that advances in space exploration
and many other fields will continue to be made.　
也正是这种激励，使我们始终保持对知识的渴望，
并确保在太空探索及其他许多领域会一直取得进步。　
第四步：析难句，清阅读障碍
1. Some people believe that while space exploration expands our
understanding of the universe， it is a waste of the public purse and
does nothing to enhance the quality of our lives here on the Earth.
句式分析
自主翻译


有些人相信，虽然太空探索拓展了我们对宇宙的理
解，但它浪费政府经费，并且对于提升我们在地球上的生活质量
毫无帮助。　
2. As we learn more about the universe， we may one day answer the
question whether there is life on other planets.
句式分析
自主翻译

随着我们对宇宙的了解日益加深，有一天我们可以回答
其他行星上有无生命这个问题。　
3. For example， liquid hydrogen is a clean alternative energy source that
is used widely as rocket fuel， and it is likely that hydrogen fuel cell
vehicles will be mass-produced and launched in the near future.
句式分析
自主翻译


例如，液态氢，一种清洁的可替代能源，被广泛用作火箭
燃料，而氢燃料的电动汽车很有可能在不久的将来实现批量生产，投
放市场。　
第五步：拓视野，育思维品质
1. The article talks about the advantages of space exploration.Do you
agree or disagree with the author’s opinion？ （Critical Thinking 批
判性思维）



　I do not agree with the author’s opinion because I believe that the
focus should be on developing technology to keep the Earth and all its
inhabitants safe and healthy.After all， this planet is our home.　
2. What possible changes do you think future space exploration will bring
to human cognition（认知）？ （Creative Thinking 创造性思维）



　The future of space exploration will expand our understanding of our
role as humans.As space exploration reveals more mysteries， our
perspective of our planet and ourselves will change.　
核心知识·巧突破
探究课堂重点
3
Part Ⅰ　核心词汇集释
origin n.起源，起因；出身
【教材原句】　The results of these space investigations have made major
contributions to an understanding of the origin， evolution， and likely
future of the universe， such as planets， stars， and all other forms of
matter and energy.这些太空科学研究的成果，为我们理解宇宙（如行
星、恒星以及所有其他形式的物质和能量）的起源、演化和可能的未
来，作出了重要的贡献。
【用法】
（1）origin of ...　　　　　　……的起源
（2）originate vi. 起源，发源，发端于
originate from/in sth/sp 源自某事/地
originate from/with sb 源自某人
（3）original adj.　最初的；独创的；原作的
originally adv. 最初；起初
【佳句】　Many words in the English language are French in origin.英
语中的许多词源于法语。
His original idea was about the origin of human beings.
他独特的想法是关于人类起源的。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①Her unhappy childhood was the origin her mental problems later
in life.
②According to some academic studies， sugar painting
originated the Ming Dynasty.
③The （origin） intention of the project is to involve more
people in our voluntary activities.
④ （original）， it was a bedroom， but we turned it into
a study.
of　
from　
original　
Originally　
【写美】　完成句子
⑤ is unclear.
这个节日的确切来源尚不清楚。
The exact origin of the holiday　
motive n.原因，动机，目的
【教材原句】　This should be a strong motive for continuing to explore
space.
这应该成为继续探索太空的一个强有力的动机。
（1）motive for （doing） sth　（做）某事的动机/原因/目的
（2）motivate vt.　激励，激发；成为……的动机，是……的原因
motivate sb to do sth 激励某人做某事
be motivated by sth 被某事激励/驱使
（3）motivation n. 动力；诱因；积极性
【用法】
【佳句】　She has a natural ability to understand the motives of
others.She motivated students to learn music with her creativity.
她有一种洞察他人动机的天赋。她用自己的创造力激励学生学习
音乐。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①The police have ruled out robbery as a motive the killing.
②Having no （motivate） to study may be the most
dangerous thing for a student.
③Motivated her heroic deeds， she was determined to be a
woman like her.
【写美】　完成句子
④A good teacher is the person who can
.
一个好老师是能够激励学生努力学习的人。
for　
motivation　
by　
motivate students to work
hard　
investment n.投资；投入
【教材原句】　Although space exploration demands huge investment，
the space industry can actually bring great economic value.尽管太空探索
需要巨额投资，但实际上航天业能够带来巨大的经济价值。
【用法】
（1）make an investment in　　对……的投资
investment of ……的投入
（2）invest vt.& vi. 投资
invest sth in （doing） sth 将（时间、精力等）投入（做）某事上
（3）investor n. 投资者；投资机构
【佳句】　Young people are an investment for our future.年轻人是我们
未来的资本。
The investor was happy to have invested in such a meaningful project.
投资者很高兴投资那样一个富有意义的项目。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①The project has demanded large investment time and effort.
② （invest） in hospitals is needed now to match the
future needs of the country.
③Despite the poor service of the hotel， the manager is reluctant to
invest sufficient training for his staff.
【写美】　完成句子
④It would be inadvisable one company.
你把所有的钱都投资在一家公司是不明智的。
of　
Investment　
in　
to invest all your money in　
calculate vt.计算，核算；预测
【教材原句】　It has been calculated that the global space economy is
increasing by billions of dollars every year.据统计，全球航天经济每年
增长数十亿美元。
【用法】
（1）calculate on （doing） sth指望/依靠（做）某事（物）
calculate that ...　　　　　估计/预测……
be calculated to do sth 打算/计划做某事
it is/has been calculated that ... 据计算……
（2）calculation n. 计算；推算
calculator n. 计算器
【佳句】　It has been calculated that at least 47，000 jobs were lost
last year.
据估算，去年至少47000人次失去了工作。
At some stage we need to calculate when the project will be finished.
在某个阶段，我们需要算算该项目何时才能完工。
【练透】　单句语法填空/完成句子
①We calculate having fine weather next week.
②Too much of modern life is rushed and stressful， and neither is
calculated （do） you any good.
③Laboratory work needs not only accurate measurements but also
correct （calculate）.
④ a holiday in France would cost？ 去法国
度假的开销有多大，你算过没有？
on　
to do　
calculation　
Have you calculated what　
【写美】　翻译句子
⑤据估算，体育馆的建设需要两年时间。


　It is/has been calculated that the construction of the stadium will take
two years.　
coverage n.新闻报道；覆盖范围；信息范围
【教材原句】　Jobs in the space industry go far beyond the astronauts
that receive widespread media coverage.
航空业中的职业远不只是受到媒体广泛报道的宇航员。
【用法】
（1）media/newspaper/live coverage　　媒体/报刊/现场的报道
insurance coverage 保险范围
（2）cover v.　遮盖；覆盖；包含；足以支付；行走（一段路程）；
报道
n. 覆盖物；盖子；（书刊的）封面，封皮
be covered with/by　被……覆盖
【佳句】　This documentary produced by BBC has attracted wide media
coverage and has featured on CCTV 9.
这部由英国广播公司制作的纪录片吸引了媒体的广泛报道，并在
CCTV 9作了专题报道。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①Several television stations will give live （cover） to the
conference to be held this Friday.
②Over one fourth of the country （cover） with desert.
【写美】　完成句子
③We on Saturday afternoon.
星期六下午我们将现场报道此次比赛。（cover）
④ can save many more
people.
扩大医疗保险的覆盖面可以挽救更多的人。
coverage　
is covered　
will cover the game live　
Expanding the coverage of health insurance　
assistant n.助理；售货员；助教 adj.助理的，副的
【教材原句】　There are many support staff on the ground， such as
engineers， mechanics and research assistants.有许多地面的支撑人员，
例如工程师、机械师和研究助理。
【用法】
（1）assist vt.　　　　　　　帮助，协助，援助
assist sb with sth 帮助某人某事
assist sb to do sth 帮助某人做某事
assist sb in doing sth 帮助某人做某事
（2）assistance n. 帮助，援助
come to one’s assistance 援助某人，帮助某人
with the assistance of ... 在……的帮助下
【佳句】　My assistant will stand in for me while I’m away.我不在的
期间，由我的助手代替我。
As an assistant， he assists the professor with the experiment.And his
assistance makes the experiment easier to do.作为一名助教，他协助教
授做实验。他的帮助使实验更容易进行。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①To assist the students （learn） Chinese better， our
school has decided to donate some books to your Chinese class.
②We’re looking for volunteers who would be willing to assist
us the group’s work.
③ Having a great deal of teaching experience at a primary school， I do
believe that I am qualified to be your teaching （assist）.
to learn　
with　
assistant　
【写美】　翻译句子
④每当他遇到困难时，他最好的朋友总是来帮助他。（come to one’s
assistance）


　Whenever he is in trouble， his best friend always comes to his
assistance.　
shelter n.居所，住处；庇护 vt.保护，掩蔽vi.躲避
【教材原句】　We should find permanent shelter that offers long-term
protection from radiation.
我们应该找到提供长期的辐射防护的永久的庇护所。
【用法】
（1）set/put up shelters　　　建立避难所
take shelter from ... 躲避……
under the shelter of 在……的庇护下
（2）shelter ... from ... 保护……免遭……
shelter from 躲避（风雨或危险）
【佳句】　To my delight， the baby grew up gradually under the shelter
of his mom.令我高兴的是，这个婴儿在他妈妈的庇护下逐渐长大了。
Rescue workers set/put up shelters for survivors whose homes had been
destroyed.
救援人员为那些家园被毁的幸存者建立了避难所。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①They just want to shelter their kids every kind of danger.
②We stopped running and （shelter） from the rain in a
nearby café.
③They went under the bridge to shelter the wind and rain.
【写美】　翻译句子
④我们小的时候，父母总是保护我们不受任何伤害。

from　
sheltered　
from　
Our parents always sheltered us from any harm when we were young.　
Part Ⅱ　重点句型解构
句型公式：what 引导宾语从句
【教材原句】　Try to make sense of what you see and wonder about
what makes the universe exist.
努力去认清你所看到的事物，并且思索是什么让这个宇宙存在。
【用法】
（1）介词后不跟that引导的宾语从句，这时需要用it作介词的形式宾
语，再接that引导的宾语从句；但what、which、whom等引导的宾语
从句可放在介词之后。
（2）介词后可接whether引导的宾语从句，但不能接由if引导的宾语
从句。
（3）what引导的宾语从句是名词性从句的一种，what在从句中充当
主语、宾语或表语；what可翻译为“……的东西/事情”。
【品悟】　In this painting， Picasso showed his feelings about what had
happened to the town.
在这幅画中，对于这座城镇所遭遇的一切，毕加索表达了自己的
情感。
【写美】　完成句子/句式升级
①Before you listen， you can read the questions and the choices.It will
help you to predict .
在你听之前，你可以读一下问题和选项。这可以帮你预测你会听到什
么内容。
what you will hear　
②We are talking about .
我们正在讨论是否允许学生加入我们的俱乐部。
③The boy is too young to know what to do when in trouble.
→The boy is too young to know when in trouble.
（宾语从句）
whether we admit students into our club　
what he should do　
课时检测·提能力
培育学科素养
4
维度一：品句填词
根据所给单词的首字母或汉语提示，写出单词的正确形式。
1. We stayed inside the s we had built and let the raft sail down the
river.
2. Last Friday， the huge r launched three men on a flight to the
Moon.
helter　
ocket　
3. I think you should examine their m in offering to lend you the
money.
4. If I have $20 in my p ， I can only spend up to that amount.
5. At no time and in no circumstances will China be the first to
use （核能的） weapons.
6. With no one living in the room for 10 years， everything is covered
with a thick layer of （灰尘）.
7. I （预测） that I was being pushed through time at
hundreds of years a minute.
8. Hofman’s inspiration for Floating Fish came from Chinese
folk （故事） passed down through the generations.
otives　
urse　
nuclear　
dust　
calculated　
tales　
维度二：词形转换
用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
1. Therefore， our understanding of the world around us is
（constant） growing and changing.
2. What we are learning at school will lay the （found）
for the future.
3. There must be something wrong， for errors like this appear with
surprising （frequent）.
4. The government’s growing focus on space exploration has led to an
increase in （invest） in aerospace technology.
constantly　
foundation　
frequency　
investment　
5. Now a special TV network gives live （cover） of most
races.
6. （incredible）， their team won a gold and two silver
medals in the marathon race.
7. The manager asked her （assist） to buy some hot dogs
for the meeting.
8. Our （origin） plan was overtaken by events and we had
to make a new one.
coverage　
Incredibly　
assistant　
original　
维度三：固定搭配和句式
根据汉语及括号内提示完成下列句子。
1. 他想知道经理在会上说了些什么。（what引导宾语从句）
He wanted to know at the meeting.
2. 随着技术的发展，出现了彩色电视机，因此改变了观众的娱乐体
验。（动词-ing短语作结果状语）
With the development of technology came the colour
television， of entertainment.
what the manager had said　
thus changing viewers’ experience　
3. 正是通过大量的实验，科学家们才确定睡眠不足会导致许多健康问
题，这些健康问题包括身体上的和心理上的。（强调句）
scientists have confirmed
that a lack of sleep will lead to many health problems and that these
health problems include physical and mental ones.
It is through plenty of experiments that　
维度四：课文语法填空
阅读课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确
形式。
　　Space exploration is an 1. （extreme） difficult and
dangerous activity.However， it is in our nature to explore.We are curious
about unknown things， 2. we keep adventuring into new places
and surely we desire 3. （learn） more about space.The
results of space investigations have allowed us to learn more about 4.
extremely　
so　
to learn　
universe and our place in space.Besides， the technologies
5. （develop） for space exploration may help us make our
lives on the Earth safer and 6. （easy）.For example，
earthquake shock absorbers， whose technology 7.
（apply） to the space shuttle launch in the first place， have been set up
in the cities 8. earthquakes happen frequently to protect
buildings and save lives.And 9.
the　
developed　
easier　
was applied　
where　
it　
is likely that vehicles which are powered by hydrogen energy， a
widely used rocket fuel， will be mass-produced and launched soon.The
amazing work can inspire the next generation 10.
（become） the scientists and engineers of the future.
to become　
Ⅰ.阅读理解
　　Modern day robots may not be as entertaining as R2D2 or the robot
from Lost in Space， but robots are very important to space exploration
and are being used in a variety of different ways for several important
reasons.
　　Robots make great explorers on planets， moons， and other landing
areas.Aside from the earth， just about every surface in the solar system is
unsafe for humans to explore.The air on most other planets is insufficient
for humans to breathe， making it necessary to wear a spacesuit and
oxygen equipment.The temperatures on these surfaces are much too hot or
much too cold for any humans to withstand.Plus there would be
complications with radiation， weather， and a lack of gravity.Robots
have much less limitation in these areas and can survive much longer under
these conditions.
　　Robots are designed for collecting scientific data.Robots are also able
to perform many tasks at one time and can process information much
quicker and more efficiently.Important scientific projects from detecting
minerals， analyzing ground samples， to finding water are all performed
much quicker and accurately by robots.
　　The use of robots has made the cost of space exploration much less
expensive than it would cost for humans to do the work.In order to
successfully send humans into space we would need to build a vehicle that
can not only carry humans， but also enough food and water to keep them
alive for the duration of the trip.Moreover， robots have no problems
working for hours on end.Robots never complain， they don’t require
food or water， and they never need a bathroom break.
　　Over the past 30 years or so there have been many different types of
robots used successfully in the exploration of space.Perhaps the most
famous and successful robots are Spirit and Opportunity who have both
been exploring the surface of Mars.They have both been very successful
with experiments on soil and rocks and have even found evidence of water
in Mars’ history.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了机器人运用于太空
探索的重要性。
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了机器人运用于太空
探索的重要性。
1. According to the passage， which of the following is NOT true？
（　　）
A. The use of robots in space exploration costs more than the use of
humans.
B. It is dangerous for humans to explore other surfaces in the solar system
except the earth.
C. Both Spirit and Opportunity have found the evidence of water on Mars.
D. Many different types of robots have explored the space successfully.
解析：　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段首句可知，用机器人进行
太空探索比人类从事这项工作花费更少。
2. What does the underlined word “withstand” in Paragraph 2 most
probably mean？（　　）
A. Remain. B. Bear.
C. Defeat. D. Develop.
解析：　词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句可知，温度太高或太
低，人类都无法忍受。由此可知，画线词意为“忍受”。
3. What is the writer’s attitude towards the application of robots to
explore space？（　　）
A. Negative. B. Persuasive.
C. Subjective. D. Objective.
解析：　观点态度题。通读全文可知，作者只是客观地介绍了机
器人在太空探索中的应用，并没有带任何感彩。
4. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage？
（　　）
A. The Development of Robots
B. The Discovery of Space Exploration
C. No Robots， No Space Exploration
D. Robots Are Used in Space Exploration
解析： 　标题归纳题。根据第一段中的but robots are very
important to space exploration and are being used in a variety of
different ways for several important reasons并结合下文可知，
本文主要介绍了机器人正被运用于太空探索。因此，D项为本文
最佳标题。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
　　Why should we explore space？ Perhaps the best answer lies in our
history.What made our ancestors move from the trees onto the plains？ 5.
（　　） In exploring， the surrounding areas may be identified and
prepared for.Without knowledge， these dangers have the ability to harm
us.
　　While many resources are spent on what seems a small return， the
exploration of space allows new resources to be created.6.（　　）
Knowledge or techniques acquired in exploring or preparing to explore
always filter （慢慢传开） from the developers to the general
population.Techniques may be medical applications， such as new drugs
or ways of living to increase the quantity or the quality of time lived.
　　By studying alien worlds， we can place our own world in
content.While space may hold many wonders and explanations of how the
universe was formed or how it works， it also holds dangers.The chance
of a large asteroid hitting the Earth is small.7.（　　） Some
explanations for extinctions and evolution include strikes by asteroids.Our
technology is reaching the point where we can detect such a threat and
might be able to do something about it.
　　8. （　　） Without the ability to reach out across space， the
chance to save ourselves might not exist.Earth is the only planet known to
maintain life， but our ability to adapt could eventually allow us to inhabit
other planets and moons.
　　Our lifestyles would be different， but human life and cultures have
adapted in the past and surely could in the future.9.（　　）
A. But given time， it will happen.
B. Space allows us to expand and succeed.
C. Resources translate into success at survival.
D. With knowledge， their consequences may be reduced.
E. Nearly all successful civilizations have been willing to explore.
F. Scientists can function at world-class level in their specialist fields.
G. The dangers exist and knowledge can allow us as a species to survive.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人类为什么要探索
太空。
5. E　根据空前两句可知，本段介绍了人类不断进行探索的原因，正
是因为探索，我们的祖先才从树上搬到平原上，E项（几乎所有成功
的文明都愿意探索）能够承接上文，解释了我们为什么要探索太空。
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人类为什么要探索
太空。
6. C　上文告诉我们对太空的探索会为人类创造新的资源，C项（资
源转化为生存的成功）承接上文，说明太空探索会为人类创造新的资
源，而这些资源会让人类继续生存下去。
7. A　上文告诉我们大型小行星撞击地球的可能性很小，A项（但只
要时间到了，它就会发生）与上文构成转折关系，符合语境。
8. G　根据空后一句可知，如果不进行太空探索，拯救我们自己的机
会可能就不存在了，G项（危险是存在的，知识可以让我们作为一个
物种生存下来）能够引起下文，说明探索太空正是为了获取太空知
识，如果不这样做，可能未来的某一天，我们将无法存活。
9. B　根据上文可知，人类的生活和文化会适应未来，B项（太空让
我们得以扩展和成功）承接上文，符合语境。
Ⅲ.完形填空
　　My son had just turned five， and my husband and I were worried
about which school to send him to.We started 　10　 schools， and then
we started writing lists of the pros and cons of each school we
visited.Still， we felt 　11　 of which school to choose.Amid this
indecision， I 　12　 my friend Shannon who I 　13　 most when
I’m 　14　 parenting decisions.
　　“Shannon， I’m so worried about picking the 　15　 school，” I
told her.
　　“Let me tell you a story about 　16　 first，” Shannon
said.“One night I went to buy some beans for dinner.One can was
cheaper than the other， but it wasn’t quite as good as the other.I stood
there undecided for twenty minutes.I finally realized whether I picked
brand A or brand B can of beans， it didn’t 　17　 in the long run.”
　　Shannon made me laugh so hard.“Loving your kid is more
important than picking the ‘perfect’ school.Because you are
good 　18　， whatever school you pick is the right
school.And， 　19　， you can always pick another one if it’s not a
good 　20　，” she said.
　　I felt a lot better after I hung up the phone with Shannon.My husband
and I were able to pick a good school for our son.Now， whenever I’m
in the midst of 　21　， I ask myself this question，“Is it just a can of
beans？” And， 　22　， it is.I have to just move forward and make
my 　23　.And if it turns out to be the wrong can of beans， I can always
go back and get a 　24　 one.
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。有时，看似重要的决策其实并
没有那么重要，我们要大胆抉择。即使选错了，我们还有重新选择
的机会。
本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。有时，看似重要的决策其实并
没有那么重要，我们要大胆抉择。即使选错了，我们还有重新选择
的机会。
10. A. beautifying B. describing
C. supporting D. investigating
解析：　根据下文and then we started writing lists of the pros and
cons of each school we visited可知，为了给儿子选学校，“我”和
“我”的丈夫开始考察各所学校，然后列出每所学校的利弊清
单。即便如此，我们还是决定不了选哪一所学校。
11. A. unmindful B. uncertain
C. ashamed D. afraid
解析：　参见上题解析。
12. A. assisted B. left
C. called D. visited
解析：　根据最后一段中的I felt a lot better after I hung up the
phone with Shannon.可知，“我”给“我”的朋友Shannon打电话
求助，每当“我”在育儿决策方面陷入困境时，她是“我”最依
赖的支持者。
13. A. come across B. look after
C. laugh at D. depend on
解析：　参见上题解析。
14. A. struggling with B. showing off
C. submitting to D. beginning with
解析：　参见第12题解析。
15. A. former B. wrong
C. individual D. nearby
解析：　根据上文I’m so worried about可知，“我”担心会选
错学校。
16. A. habits B. dreams
C. chances D. choices
解析：　根据下文I finally realized whether I picked brand A or
brand B can of beans可知，Shannon给“我”讲了一个关于“选
择”的故事。
17. A. matter B. end
C. repeat D. increase
解析：　根据下文And if it turns out to be the wrong can of beans，
I can always go back and get a 　24　 one.可知，从长远来看，选
择哪个牌子的豆子其实并不重要。
18. A. cooks B. students
C. parents D. sellers
解析：　根据上文可知，Shannon肯定了“我”和“我”的丈夫
是称职的父母，无论我们选择哪一所学校都会是正确的选择。她
还表示，如果发现所选的学校不合适，我们随时都可以选择另外
一所学校。
19. A. besides B. therefore
C. otherwise D. instead
解析：　参见上题解析。
20. A. question B. fit C. point D. excuse
解析：　参见第18题解析。
21. A. move B. recovery
C. hesitation D. surprise
解析：　根据语境可知，每当“我”犹豫不决时，“我”都会
问自己这个问题，“是不是只是一罐豆子的问题？”通常都是。
“我”只需要继续前进，作出决定。
22. A. officially B. permanently
C. personally D. usually
解析：　参见上题解析。
23. A. preparation B. decision
C. promise D. fortune
解析：　参见第21题解析。
24. A. delicious B. familiar
C. different D. legal
解析： 　根据上文you can always pick another one if it’s not a
good 　20　可知，即便是选错了豆子，“我”还能返回去拿不同
的那一罐。
Ⅳ.读后续写
　　阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构
成一篇完整的短文。
　　It was the first day of Spring Break.Lying on my bed， I looked at
the calendar on my wall and down at my leg wrapped tight in a white cast.I
could hear my friends down at the baseball field， enjoying their
practice.Meanwhile， I was stuck inside， missing out on all the fun.
　　As I watched a movie marathon， I grew frustrated with my limited
activities.Clicking off the TV， I thought about ways to keep myself
busy.Suddenly， an idea struck me.I grabbed an old paper airplane
manual （说明书） and started crafting airplanes.I aimed to launch them
from my window and see how far they could reach， hoping someone
might notice and visit me.
　　Time passed， and I began to doubt whether any of my airplanes had
made it past the yard.Just as I started feeling disheartened， the doorbell
rang.My bedroom door burst open， and my friends Dustin and Casey
appeared， wide eyed and full of curiosity.
　　Dustin mentioned that he had caught one of my airplanes with his mitt
（棒球手套）.Casey joked about the number of airplanes I had made，
thinking I must have been incredibly bored.We laughed and talked， and
then they asked if they could sign my cast.
　　Over the following days， more friends joined in.They came to visit
and leave their marks on my cast.The cast， once plain and white，
transformed into a colourful canvas decorated with the signatures of my
closest companions.
　　In between visits I reflected on my past misfortunes.Losing my front
teeth， I was unable to eat my birthday cake， but it made me stand out
during the school recital （朗诵会）.Catching chicken pox （水痘） shut
me inside the house but unintentionally helped my little league team win
the Series.Sometimes， bad things can have unexpected positive
outcomes.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式作答。
　　During the last few afternoons of the break， my friends helped
me down to watch some baseball practices. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　By the time school started back up， I’d become the official
catcher for our baseball team. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
参考范文：
　　During the last few afternoons of the break， my friends helped me
down to watch some baseball practices.They even let me play catcher a
couple of times， a position I had never tried before.But I liked it a lot and
was pretty good at it， too.As the days passed， my passion for catching
grew stronger.The sound of the ball hitting the mitt and the thrill of
making a perfect throw ignited a fire within me.Little did I know that this
new-found passion for catching would continue beyond Spring Break.
　　By the time school started back up， I’d become the official catcher
for our baseball team.Although I couldn’t participate in batting due to my
injury， the sheer joy of catching those strikes made it all
worthwhile.Standing on my crutches， I passionately cheered for my team
for the remainder of the game， feeling no pain in my leg.My cast， once
resembling a cocoon that restricted my mobility， now symbolized
something far greater.Covered in signatures and well wishes from my
friends， it transformed into a tangible representation of their unwavering
support and belief in me.
谢谢观看！

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