资源简介

Section Ⅱ　Grammar and usage
维度一：基础题型练
单句语法填空。
1.She must have done something wrong， because she’s looking so 　　　　　　（guilt）.
2.My parents took lots of 　　　　　　（photographer） of us when we were small.
3.　　　　　　 honest a person is he that you can turn to him for help when you are in trouble.
4.I was a little nervous at first， but everyone was so nice and friendly 　　　　　　I soon stopped worrying.
5.When we stood 　　　　　　we used to play， we couldn’t help thinking of our happy old days.
6.We should protect our environment from being polluted 　　　　　　that our next generation will enjoy a blue sky and live a healthy life.
7.We’re going to hold a charity show tomorrow.You can join us 　　　　　　you have no idea what to do for the weekend.
8.One can always manage to do more things 　　　　　　/no matter 　　　　　　full his schedule is in life.
9.How did you feel 　　　　　　you saw the terrible accident happening in front of you？
10.The meaning of the word “nice” changed a few times 　　　　　　it finally came to include the sense “pleasant”.
维度二：语法与写作
根据汉语提示完成下列句子。
1.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， I will be free for almost three months.
随着暑假的临近，我将有几乎三个月的空闲时间。
2.I won’t go to attend his wedding 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
除非他邀请我，否则我是不会去参加他的婚礼的。
3.It is 　　　　　　　　　　　　we all want to go to the park.
天气如此晴朗，以至于我们都想去公园。
4.We’ll start our meeting on time 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
无论他来还是不来，我们都将准时开会。
5.The girl stood at the door 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
女孩站在门口，似乎在等人。
维度三：语法与语篇
阅读下面短文，用适当的连词填空。
　　My mother was cooking in the kitchen 1.　　　　　　 I was doing my school assignments.No sooner had I finished my homework 2.　　　　　　 the door bell rang.However， my sister unlocked the door 3.　　　　　 I could open it.We were surprised the moment we saw her 4.　　　　　 her clothes and face were terribly dirty.5.　　　　　　 we didn’t know what had happened to her， we stood there and waited for my sister’s story.We wouldn’t leave 6.　　　　　　 my sister told us all about it.7.　　　　　　 my sister got changed， she told us that she fell into a ditch（沟） 8.　　　　　　 she walked on a path on her way to my uncle’s home in the countryside.She couldn’t get out of the ditch.9.　　　　　　 she cried for help loudly， no one could hear her.She tried to climb out of it， but 10.　　　　　　 hard she tried， she failed to escape from it.11.　　　　　　 time went by， she got worried.
　　After several vain attempts she had to stand 12.　　　　　　 she was and waited 13.　　　　　 a boy student passed by and gave her a hand.The boy reached her a long rope and told her to climb with the rope.She did 14.　　　　　　 the boy told， and she came out.
　　
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
　　It was a Sunday night.I circled the neighbourhood a few times， looking for a place to leave my car.Finally， I found one a block south of my house.It was behind a late-model Jeep.I tried to back into the space， but I failed to see the angles clearly.I heard it before I felt it， the sound of plastic on plastic， like a sheet of sandpaper along the surface of a painted piece of wood.I got out of my car to check the damage.My car was unharmed.However， there were two distinct lines on the Jeep.
　　Then I noticed a woman， walking her dog， who was now photographing me with her phone.“I hope you’re not planning to drive away，” she said quietly.Until then， I was annoyed with myself for having been so careless， but now， I was mad with her for taking my picture.“How dare she？”I thought.She had no respect for my privacy.
　　And how dare she assume I would do the wrong thing？ But soon I calmed down because I knew she wasn’t entirely incorrect.I’d made no decision to drive away without leaving a note， but I’d be lying if I said the idea hadn’t flashed across my mind.It was dark， and aside from her no one was watching.It happens all the time — the hit-and-run in the parking lot.
　　We all have those desires to behave selfishly， to go against the social contract； it is not the thought but what we do with it that counts.It is the commitment to take responsibility， to care for one another， and to think about the greater good that makes this world a better place to stay.The choice to own up was left to me.I left a note with my name and phone number under the wiper blade （雨刮器） of the Jeep.
1.What happened to the author on that Sunday night？（　　）
A.He knocked down someone.
B.He got hurt in a car accident.
C.He hit a parked car accidentally.
D.He failed to find a parking space.
2.Why did the author feel angry with the woman？（　　）
A.She blocked his view on purpose.
B.She spoke to him in a very rude way.
C.She photographed him without permission.
D.She refused to take responsibility for her faults.
3.What does the underlined part “own up” in the last paragraph mean？（　　）
A.Admit. B.Occupy.
C.Disappear. D.Refuse.
4.What does the author intend to tell us through his story？（　　）
A.Everyone makes mistakes.
B.Always do the right thing.
C.Avoid conflicts with others.
D.Apologizing sincerely matters.
B
　　89-year-old Derlin Newey， who lives in the Roy area of Utah， has supplemented （补充） his Social Security income for a little over a year by delivering food for Papa John’s Pizza.When Newey delivered a large apple pizza to Gladys Valdez a few weeks ago with a smile and struck up a conversation， Gladys was completely pleased.
　　“He was just so friendly， really talkative， and just super sweet and genuine，” Gladys told her husband， Carlos Valdez about Newey.Carlos was so taken with Newey’s friendliness and high passion — and the fact that he was delivering pizza at his age — that he decided to crowdfund on Newey’s behalf via a Venmo link on his TikTok page.Thousands of people donated and it all added up to more than $12，000.
　　Then came the surprise delivery.When Newey opened the door to his mobile home， Carlos was standing there holding an empty pizza box， which he had stuffed with an envelope full of all the cash.Newey was flabbergasted， and his eyes filled with tears.Since the initial fundraiser that brought in $12，000， people have donated $8，000 more for Newey.
　　Newey， a retired salesman， typically works about 30 hours a week， Mondays through Saturdays delivering pizza.As a native of Utah’s Ogden area， he spent 26 years living in Gridley， California， and working for National Merchandising， and he also earned a bachelor’s degree from Brigham Young University.Young Newey was a competitive skier， and he later taught skiing； about four years ago， he gave up skiing because it became too difficult physically.
　　Even if Newey didn’t need the extra income， he said， he would still do his delivery job because he loves it.“Oh， fantastic，” he said about his job.“I love the people I’m working with， and I love having pleasant conversations and making friends with people.The beautiful children — you should see the smiles on their faces when they say，‘Oh， we’re going to have pizza tonight！’ That’s worth more than the money I make.”
5.What did Gladys think of Newey？（　　）
A.Reserved and sensitive.
B.Enthusiastic and sociable.
C.Disciplined and thoughtful.
D.Ambitious and hard-working.
6.How did Carlos help Newey？（　　）
A.By delivering pizza for him.
B.By raising money online for him.
C.By ordering more pizza from him.
D.By making good comments about him.
7.What does the underlined word “flabbergasted” in Paragraph 3 probably mean？（　　）
A.Extremely shocked. B.Severely depressed.
C.Pretty frightened. D.Rather annoyed.
8.What can we learn about Newey from the last two paragraphs？（　　）
A.He turned down Carlos’ help.
B.He dreamed of being a ski coach.
C.He received a poor education.
D.He found the delivery job worthwhile.
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
　　When choosing to add a pet to the family， you may spend more time focusing on the joy and happiness you expect your new pet will bring.9.（　　） Though there is no true definition of a responsible pet parent， these are a few widely accepted tips to help you create a happy， healthy life for your furry friends.
　　Food and shelter
　　10.（　　） Your pets will need continuous access to clean water， healthy and nutritious food， and shelter from the elements （恶劣的天气）.Cats and dogs will live healthier， happier， more rewarding lives when they are treated as full members of the family， living side-by-side with you in your homes.
　　Healthcare
　　Regular preventive care is key to helping your pet live a long and healthy life.It’s best to establish a relationship with a veterinarian （兽医） to help keep you on track with regular check-ups and vaccinations （接种疫苗）.11.（　　） When the time has come， your veterinarian can help you keep your pet comfortable， pain-free， and loved， and guide you in making decisions on end-of-life care.
　　Training and socialization
　　Behavioral issues are the number one reason why animals are abandoned to shelters， so training and socializing your pets helps make sharing your homes with them much easier.For example， a dog who has been trained in basic obedience （服从） knows what behaviors are acceptable and what is expected of him.12.（　　）
　　Love
　　This may be the most important responsibility of all.13.（　　） They are companions who depend on you for their care.They are in tune with you and live for your happiness.Responsible pet parents work hard to do the same for them.
A.Your pets are not possessions you own.
B.Your pets need to stay in shape just like you do.
C.Animal overpopulation is a real issue all over the world.
D.An established relationship with a veterinarian can also be helpful as your pet ages.
E.Providing your pet with the basic necessities of life should go without saying.
F.While that’s true， they also come with a set of duties that everyone should consider.
G.This can help him be more cooperative， comfortable， and confident in the home environment.
Ⅲ.完形填空
　　Recently， I had one unpleasant but lucky day.My morning started out with a grouchy （爱发脾气的） kid who couldn’t be 　14　， whatever I tried to do for him.When I got in my car to take him to 　15　， I realized my gas tank was close to 　16　.To make matters worse， the traffic was unbearable.I felt 　17　.
　　After I filled up my tank and dropped the little one off to daycare， I headed to my favourite restaurant， 　18　 my favourite meal， went to the cashier， and then something 　19　 happened — my debit card （借记卡） was declined.I told the cashier that she must have run my card wrong and to 　20　 it again， only for the screen to read DECLINED again.My heart 　21　.
　　I immediately 　22　 my phone and called the bank number.Out of nowhere， this amazing woman came up behind me， hugged me， and 　23　 my lunch.I explained to her that I did have money when she 　24　 me and said，“You can pay me back by paying it forward.Have a good day.”
　　I was 　25　！ I’ve never seen anyone do anything like this in real life， and someone just 　26　！ My heart was full， and I couldn’t believe how someone who didn’t even know me could do such a thing for a 　27　！
　　Right then and there， I told myself that I was going to pay it forward.I was going to create in my child a spirit of 　28　， gratitude， and show him what paying it forward was all about.
14.（　）A.moved B.discouraged
C.satisfied D.annoyed
15.（　）A.school B.daycare
C.hospital D.town
16.（　）A.new B.full
C.huge D.empty
17.（　）A.terrible B.scared
C.curious D.ashamed
18.（　）A.shared B.prepared
C.ordered D.showed
19.（　）A.unrecognizable B.uncertain
C.unknown D.unexpected
20.（　）A.demand B.adopt
C.try D.purchase
21.（　）A.opened B.sank
C.slowed D.hurt
22.（　）A.locked B.grabbed
C.answered D.connected
23.（　）A.picked up B.took away
C.put back D.paid for
24.（　）A.followed B.stopped
C.reached D.checked
25.（　）A.confused B.amazed
C.concerned D.determined
26.（　）A.saved my day B.changed my mind
C.met my request D.caught my eye
27.（　）A.stranger B.friend
C.neighbour D.customer
28.（　）A.bravery B.patience
C.honesty D.kindness
Ⅳ.语法填空
　　Over thousands of years， the Chinese have created brilliant culture and meanwhile formed our own moral code.This is what we call the traditional virtues of the Chinese nation， which are still of great 29.　　　　　　 （significant） today and whose value to the development of human civilization has been 30.　　　　　　 （general） recognized.
　　One of these traditional virtues is honesty， and “Zengzi kills the pig” is a well-known story about this valuable quality.Zengzi， a student of Confucius， was a person 31.　　　　　　 was upright and always kept his promise.One day， when Zengzi’s wife was about 32.　　　　　　 （go） to the market， her little son started making a scene 33.　　　　　 he insisted on going with her.To calm him down， she persuaded him into 34.　　　　　　 （stay） at home with a prize： killing their pig for him to eat when she returned.When she got back from the market， she saw Zengzi was 35.　　　　　　 his way to kill the pig and tried to stop him.Zengzi said，“If you deceive （欺骗） him this time， he will not believe in you any more.” In the end， the pig 36.　　　　　　 （kill）.With his own conduct， Zengzi taught his son to be 37.　　　　　　 （faith） to his word.
Despite the passage of time， honesty is still honored as a mainstream value and has appeared in countless 38.　　　　　　 （tale） throughout China’s history.
Section Ⅱ　Grammar and usage
基础知识自测
维度一
1.guilty　2.photographs　3.So　4.that　5.where　6.so　7.since/now that　8.however； how　9.when　10.before
维度二
1.As the summer vacation is approaching　2.unless he invites me　3.such fine weather that　4.whether he comes or not　5.as if she was waiting for someone
维度三
1.while/when　2.than　3.before　4.because　5.Since/As
6.unless　7.After　8.when/while　9.Although/Though/While
10.however　11.As　12.where　13.until　14.as
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者讲述了自己不小心剐蹭一辆车后，主动留下自己信息的故事。作者希望借自己的故事向读者传达人人都应该为自己做错的事情承担责任的道理。
1.C　细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，那天晚上，作者倒车时不小心蹭了一辆泊在车位上的吉普车。
2.C　细节理解题。根据第二段中的a woman ... photographing me with her phone ...She had no respect for my privacy可知，那位女士未经作者允许就拍了作者的照片，作者认为这侵犯了他的隐私。
3.A　词义猜测题。根据上文可知，作者剐蹭了别人的车，此处应该是指作者决定“承认”自己的过失，下文作者留下自己姓名和电话的行为是作者承担责任的具体表现。
4.B　主旨大意题。作者在最后一段指出，人人都应该按照社会契约行事，愿意承担责任、关爱他人、为大局着想，世界才会更美好。
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。热心的Carlos通过TikTok为89岁的披萨外卖员Newey筹到2万多美元的善款作为生活补给。
5.B　观点态度题。根据第一段中的When Newey delivered a large apple pizza to Gladys Valdez a few weeks ago with a smile and struck up a conversation和第二段中Gladys所说的He was just so friendly， really talkative， and just super sweet and genuine可知，Newey在Gladys的眼里是一个热情、善于交际的人。
6.B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的he decided to crowdfund on Newey’s behalf via a Venmo link on his TikTok page可知，Carlos通过在网上筹集资金来帮助Newey。
7.A　词义猜测题。根据第三段开头的the surprise delivery和Carlos带来的善款以及画线词后面的his eyes filled with tears可推知，Newey 大吃一惊，满眼泪水。故画线词flabbergasted意为“非常震惊”。
8.D　细节理解题。根据最后一段中Newey所说的话可知，Newey喜欢送披萨这份工作，喜欢和顾客聊天、交朋友，喜欢看到孩子们拿到披萨时脸上洋溢的笑容。这些在他看来更有价值和意义。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了宠物主人应该承担的几项责任。
9.F　设空处前一句指出：在决定要养宠物时，你可能更关注你认为新宠物会带来的快乐和幸福。F项（虽然这是真的，但它们也会带来一系列每个人都应该考虑的职责）符合语境，与上文构成转折关系。F项中第一个that指代上文描述的情况。
10.E　根据本段小标题“食物和住所”可知，E项（为宠物提供基本生活必需品是理所当然的）符合语境。E项中的basic necessities of life与小标题相呼应。
11.D　上文说明了宠物主人最好与兽医建立关系。下文指出：到了那个时候，你的兽医能为你提供帮助，让你的宠物觉得舒适、远离痛苦、感到被爱，指导你作出有关临终关怀的决定。故D项（随着宠物年龄的增长，与兽医建立关系也会有所帮助）符合语境。
12.G　设空处前一句指出：举例来说，接受过基本服从训练的狗了解什么行为是主人可以接受的，也清楚主人对它的期望。G项（这可以帮助它在家庭环境中更加乐于合作、感到舒适、充满自信）紧承上文，符合语境。G项中的This指代设空处前描述的情况。
13.A　上文说明了爱可能是最重要的一项责任。下文指出了它们是需要你照顾的伙伴；它们能够理解你；它们以你的幸福为生活目标。负责任的宠物主人会努力为它们做同样的事情。A项（你的宠物不是你的财产）符合语境。
Ⅲ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。陌生人的慷慨帮助让作者懂得把爱传递下去。
14.C　根据该空前的a grouchy （爱发脾气的） kid可知，“我”的孩子易怒，不管“我”做什么，都无法满足他。
15.B　根据第二段中的dropped the little one off to daycare可知，“我”上车准备带孩子去托儿所。
16.D　根据第二段中的I filled up my tank可知，“我”的油箱几乎空了。
17.A　根据上文的描述可知，“我”一大早就遇到很多不顺心的事情，因此“我”感到很糟糕。
18.C　根据该空后的my favourite meal， went to the cashier可知，“我”点了最喜欢吃的饭菜，然后去了收银台。
19.D　根据下文my debit card （借记卡） was declined可知，这是意想不到的事情。
20.C　根据该空前的she must have run my card wrong可知，“我”告诉收银员，她一定是操作不当，让她再试一次。
21.B　根据该空前的the screen to read DECLINED again可知，当屏幕又一次显示“我”的卡不能支付时，我感到很沮丧。
22.B　根据该空后的called the bank number可知，“我”立刻抓起手机，拨打了银行的电话。
23.D　根据下文You can pay me back by paying it forward.可知，这位女士替“我”付了款。
24.B　根据该空后的and said可知，这位女士打断“我”，并且对“我”说：“你可以通过把爱传递下去来回报我。祝你今天过得愉快。”
25.B　根据该空后的I’ve never seen anyone do anything like this in real life可知，“我”很惊讶。
26.A　根据上文的描述可知，这位女士帮了“我”的大忙。
27.A　根据该空前的who didn’t even know me可知，“我”对那位女士来说是一个陌生人。
28.D　根据上文的描述以及该空后的gratitude可知，“我”要把孩子培养成一个善良且懂得感恩的人。
Ⅳ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一则中国传统故事：曾子杀猪。
29.significance　考查词形转换。设空处为“of＋抽象名词”结构，该结构在句中充当形容词的作用，故填significance。
30.generally　考查词形转换。设空处在句中作状语，修饰recognized，应用副词，故填generally。
31.who/that　考查定语从句。设空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a person，且在从句中作主语，故填who/that。
32.to go　考查非谓语动词。be about to do sth表示“即将/正要做某事”，故填to go。
33.and　考查连词。根据语境可知，设空处前后两句为并列句，故填and。
34.staying　考查非谓语动词。设空处作介词into的宾语，应用动词-ing形式，故填staying。
35.on　考查介词。on one’s way to do sth为固定搭配，意为“在去做某事的路上”。
36.was killed　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。the pig与kill之间为被动关系，应用被动语态，且根据语境可知，设空处应用一般过去时，故填was killed。
37.faithful　考查词形转换。设空处在句中作表语，表示“忠实的，守信的”，故填形容词faithful。
38.tales　考查名词复数。tale为可数名词，意为“故事”，在此表泛指，且前面有countless修饰，故填tales。
6 / 6Section Ⅱ　Grammar and usage
状语从句复习
阅读下列句子并体会加黑部分连词的用法。
1.He knew that if he came back， he could help advance science in China.
2.When he had to go away on business， he always chose the midnight flight so that he did not miss any work in the daytime.
3.Huang excelled where he was working and made substantial contributions to his country.
4.Since he spent so much time on work， he was unable to see his family very often.
5.In fact， he worked so hard that he did not pay enough attention to his own health.
6.Although he spent many years in the UK，Huang’s heart never left his homeland.
【我的发现】
（1）句1是 　　　　状语从句；
（2）句2是 　　　　状语从句；
（3）句3是 　　　　状语从句；
（4）句4是 　　　　状语从句；
（5）句5是 　　　　状语从句；
（6）句6是 　　　　状语从句。
　　状语从句在主从复合句中作状语，修饰主句中的动词、形容词或副词等。状语从句放在主句之前时，常用逗号与主句隔开；放在主句之后时，一般不用逗号。状语从句按其意义和作用一般可分为时间状语从句、条件状语从句、原因状语从句、让步状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句、方式状语从句、比较状语从句和地点状语从句九种。
一、时间状语从句
1.when、while与as引导的时间状语从句
连词 从句谓语动词 用法
when 延续性动词或非延续性动词 从句的动作和主句的动作可以同时发生，也可以先后发生
while 延续性动词 从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生
as 延续性动词 强调主从句动作相伴发生，意为“一边……一边……；随着”
When I was at school， I loved history.
我上学时就喜欢历史。
While I played the piano， my elder sister did her homework.
我弹钢琴时，姐姐做她的家庭作业。
As it gets warmer and warmer， the trees begin to come to life.
随着天气越来越暖和，树木开始有了生机。
2.before与since引导的时间状语从句
连词 词义 常用句式
before 在……之前；还未……就……；……才……；趁……；还没来得及…… it will be＋一段时间＋before ...“过……（时间）才……”
it won’t be long before ... “不久就……”
it was＋一段时间＋before ...“过了……（时间）才……”
since 自从……以来 it is/has been＋一段时间＋since ...（从句用一般过去时）“自从……以来已经有……（时间）了”
It will be half a year before I come back.
要过半年我才能回来。
It won’t be long before we meet again.
用不了多久我们就会再见面。
It was three days before he came back.
三天后他才回来。
It is/has been ten years since the criminal was arrested.
那名罪犯被捕已经十年了。
3.表示“一……就……”含义的词（短语）引导的时间状语从句
（1）引导时间状语从句，且表示“一……就……”含义的词或短语有as soon as、the moment、the minute、the instant、immediately、directly、instantly、hardly/scarcely ...when、no sooner ...than ...等。
I will go there directly I have finished my breakfast.
吃完早饭，我将立即到那里去。
We will leave the minute you are ready.
你一准备好，我们就出发。
（2）在hardly/scarcely ...when、no sooner ...than ...中，主句应用过去完成时，从句应用一般过去时；当no sooner ...和hardly/scarcely ...置于句首时，主句要部分倒装。
Hardly/Scarcely had he heard the news when he began to cry.
他一听到这个消息就哭了。
No sooner had we arrived at the station than the train left.
我们刚到火车站火车就开走了。
4.until与till引导的时间状语从句
（1）until与till引导时间状语从句的区别
连词 位置 用法
until 可以放在句首 not ...until可用于强调句
till 不可放在句首 一般不用于强调句
We walked along the river until/till it was dark.
我们沿着河边散步，一直走到天黑。
It was not until the professor came that we began the experiment.
直到教授来了，我们才开始实验。
（2）not until置于句首时，主句要用部分倒装。
Not until she saw the present did she feel happy.
直到看到礼物她才感到高兴。
（3）until/till用于肯定句时，表示“直到……为止”，主句的谓语动词是延续性动词；用于否定句时，表示“直到……才”，主句的谓语动词是非延续性动词。
They waited until/till I returned.
他们一直等着，直到我回来。
He didn’t know anything about it until/till I told him.
直到我告诉他，他才知道这件事。
5.引导时间状语从句的其他常见连词（短语）
（1）其他常见的引导时间状语从句的连词（短语）还有after、whenever、every time、each time、next time、the first/last time、any time、by the time、the day/year等。
Every time I express an opinion， she always argues back.
每当我发表意见时，她总是反驳。
（2）by the time引导的时间状语从句如果用一般现在时，主句则用将来完成时；如果用一般过去时，主句则用过去完成时。
By the time you come back， we will have finished the job.
到你回来的时候，我们将已经完成了这项工作。
By the time we got there， the rain had stopped.
我们到那里时，雨已经停了。
【即时演练1】　单句语法填空
①Over time， 　　　　　　the population grew， people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly.
②If you miss this chance， it may be years 　　　　　　you get another one.
③As far as I know， it is not 　　　　　　he returns home every evening that his mother will go to bed.
④Hardly/No sooner had we got to the destination 　　　　　　we set out to do some volunteer work there.
二、地点状语从句和条件状语从句
1.地点状语从句
地点状语从句常由where、 wherever等引导，从句可以放在主句前，也可以放在主句后。where与wherever 意义基本相同，但后者语气较强，多用于书面语。
Where there is a will， there is a way.
有志者，事竟成。
Put the money wherever we can see it.
把钱放在任何我们能看见的地方。
2.条件状语从句
引导条件状语从句的常见从属连词（短语）有if、only if、unless、as/so long as、in case、once、on condition that、provided/providing （that）、supposing/suppose （that）、assuming that等。
You’ll fail the exam unless you study hard.
除非你努力学习，否则你会考试不及格。
Supposing that they refuse us， who else can we turn to for help？
假如他们拒绝了我们，我们还能求助于谁呢？
3.在条件状语从句中，用一般现在时代替一般将来时，一般过去时代替过去将来时。
In case there is a fire， what will we do first？
万一发生火灾，我们首先做什么？
三、原因状语从句和目的状语从句
1.because/as/since/now （that）引导的原因状语从句
连词（短语） 位置 内涵 语气 能否回答why 能否被强调
because 主句前或后 直接原因 强 能 能
as 主句前或后 双方都知道的原因 弱 不能 不能
since/now （that） 通常位于主句前
The old man asked Lucy to move to another chair because he wanted to sit next to his wife.
那位老人让露西坐到另一把椅子上，因为他想挨着他的妻子坐。
I can’t go with you， as I have a lot of work to do.
我不能和你一起去，因为我有很多工作要做。
Now that/Since everyone is here， we can begin our discussion.
既然大家都在这儿，我们可以开始讨论了。
2.in order that 引导的目的状语从句可置于主句之前或之后，而so that引导的从句通常置于主句之后。目的状语从句中常含有can、could、may、might等情态动词。
My old father began to study computer at the age of sixty so that he might keep up with times.
我的老父亲六十岁时开始学习电脑，以便跟上时代的步伐。
3.for fear that/in case引导目的状语从句时，从句一般要用虚拟语气，即谓语用“（should＋）动词原形”。
He wrote the name down for fear that/in case he （should） forget it.
他把名字写下来以免忘记。
【即时演练2】　完成句子
①　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， please e-mail me.
如果你对中国民间艺术感兴趣，请发邮件给我。
②　　　　　　　　　　　　， he carried a notebook around with him.
不管走到哪里，他都随身携带一个笔记本。
③　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， you must learn to stand on your own two feet.
你既然已经长大成人，就必须学会独立生活。
④She’s very strict — we don’t dare to say a word 　　　　　　　　　　　　.
她很严厉——如果她不要求，我们连一句话也不敢说。
四、结果状语从句
1.引导结果状语从句的从属连词有so that、so ...that ...、 such ...that ...。在非正式语体中，由so ...that ...、such ...that ...引导的句子中的that可以省略，其结构为：
so＋＋that从句
such＋＋that从句
Everybody lent a hand so that the work was finished ahead of time.
由于大家帮忙，所以工作提前完成了。
Our English teacher explains English grammar so clearly that all the students can understand it.
我们的英语老师把英语语法解释得如此清晰，以至于所有的学生都能理解。
There are so many things in the shop that it is difficult to know what to buy.
商店里的东西太多，不知道买什么好。
Mike is such an honest worker that we all believe in him.
＝Mike is so honest a worker that we all believe in him.
迈克是一个如此诚实的工人，以至于我们都信任他。
2.为了强调形容词和副词，当so或such之后，that之前的内容置于句首时，主句要用倒装语序。
So clever a student was he that he was able to work out all the difficult questions.
他是一个如此聪明的学生，以至于能够解出所有难题。
五、让步状语从句
1.although、though、as与while引导的让步状语从句
（1）although引导让步状语从句时，只能用正常语序；though引导让步状语从句时，可用正常语序，也可用倒装语序； as也可以引导让步状语从句，常用于倒装句型，即要把从句中作表语的名词或形容词、作状语的副词或作谓语的实义动词置于句首，若表语是单数可数名词，前置时要省略冠词。
Although/Though he may be troubled， he always presents a calm smiling face.
尽管他可能会遇到麻烦，但他总是露出平静的微笑。
Much as/though I have traveled， I have never seen anyone who’s as capable as John.
虽然我已经去过很多地方，但我从未见过像约翰这么能干的人。
Child as/though he was， he helped me a lot.
尽管他是个孩子，他却帮助我很多。
Try as/though he might， he could not open the door.
不管他怎样努力，他还是不能打开那个门。
（2）although与though都可以与yet、still连用，但不能和but连用。
（3）while引导让步状语从句时，一般置于句首。
While I admit that there are problems， I don’t agree that they cannot be solved.
尽管我承认有问题存在，但我不同意这些问题不能解决。
2.even if与even though引导的让步状语从句
even if与even though表示“即使，纵然”，引导让步状语从句时，可用虚拟语气，也可用陈述语气。
I’ll do it， even if/though it takes me all the afternoon.
我要做这件事，即使它花去我整个下午的时间。
3.“no matter＋疑问词”与“疑问词＋-ever”引导的让步状语从句
（1）“no matter＋疑问词”相当于“疑问词＋-ever”，二者都可以引导让步状语从句。
Don’t trust him， no matter what/whatever he says.
无论他说什么都不要相信他。
（2）whoever、whatever、whomever、whichever还可以引导名词性从句，但“no matter＋疑问词”不可以。
4.whether ...or （not） ...引导的让步状语从句
We’ll go on with the work， whether we can find the necessary tools or we cannot.
不管我们能否找到所需的工具，我们都要把这项工作做下去。
六、其他状语从句
状语从句类型 从属连词
方式状语从句 as、 as if、as though
比较状语从句 as ...as、not as/so ...as、比较级＋than
The old lady treats the boy as if he were her own son.
那个老太太对待那个男孩就好像他是她的亲生儿子一样。
He is taller than any other student in our school.
他比我们学校的任何一个学生都高。
【即时演练3】　单句语法填空
①Poor 　　　　　　they are， they still do their best to help those homeless children.
②　　　　　　/No matter 　　　　　　angry you feel， you shouldn’t shout at your children.
③He earned so little money 　　　　　　he couldn’t support his family.
④He acted as 　　　　　　he hadn’t heard any of it.
⑤Even 　　　　　　I were in your place， I wouldn’t take the job.
Part Ⅰ　核心词汇集释
resign vt.& vi.辞职，辞去；听任，顺从
【教材原句】　Eventually he resigned his post in the UK and returned to China to work at Jilin University in Changchun.最终，他辞去了在英国的职位，回到中国，在长春的吉林大学工作。
【用法】
（1）resign from　　　　　从……辞职 resign as 辞去（某职务） resign one’s post/position 辞职 resign oneself to 听任，顺从，只好接受，使自己安于…… （2）resignation n. 辞职；辞呈；辞职信 a letter of resignation 一封辞职信
【佳句】　He resigned from the company in order to take a more challenging job.他从这家公司辞职以便能够从事更有挑战性的工作。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①At sixteen， I resigned myself 　　　　　　the fact that I’d never be a dancer.
②Ten years ago， he resigned 　　　　　　a company in Beijing and went to Shenzhen to set up his own company.
③Yesterday Mr Smith went into the manager’s office with a letter of 　　　　　　（resign）.
【写美】　完成句子
④I 　　　　　　　　　　　　this morning.
我今天上午提交了辞职信。
ashamed adj.惭愧，羞愧，尴尬
【教材原句】　I was so ashamed of myself.我为自己感到羞愧。
【用法】
（1）be/feel ashamed of sb/sth　　　　为某人/某事感到羞愧 be ashamed to do sth 耻于做某事；因惭愧而不情愿做某事 （2）shame n.　　羞愧；羞愧感；让人遗憾的事 vt. 使羞愧；使丢脸 to one’s shame　　　　令某人惭愧的是 it’s a shame that/to do ... 真可惜…… （3）shameful adj. 可耻的；丢脸的 shameless adj. 无耻的；没廉耻的
【佳句】　She was deeply ashamed of her behaviour at the party.
她对自己在聚会上的行为深感羞愧。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①We are often ashamed 　　　　　　our shortcomings， our mistakes and our failures.
②It is 　　　　　　（shame） to break school rules from time to time.
③　　　　　　 her shame， she gained back all the weight she’d lost.
④That is the only French phrase I mastered， and it’s 　　　　　　shame that I don’t have much use for it.
【写美】　翻译句子
⑤我真不好意思说我向她撒了谎。（ashamed）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
forgive vt.& vi.（forgave， forgiven） 原谅，宽恕；免除（债务）
【教材原句】　I hope my fans can forgive me.我希望我的粉丝们能原谅我。
【用法】
（1）forgive sb sth　　　　原谅某人某事 forgive one’s doing sth 原谅某人做了某事 forgive sb for （doing） sth原谅某人（做了）某事 forgive and forget 摒弃前嫌，不念旧恶 （2）forgiveness n. 原谅，宽恕 ask/beg/pray for （sb’s） forgiveness 请求/祈求（某人的）宽恕
【佳句】　I’ll never forgive her for what she did.我绝不会原谅她做的事。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①Forgive me 　　　　　　interrupting， but I really don’t agree with that.
②Guilty and ashamed， he came into his teacher’s office to beg for his 　　　　　　（forgive）.
【写美】　完成句子
③Although Chinese families 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， I suggest you should arrive on time.虽然中国家庭会原谅你迟到，但我建议你要准时到达。
disappointed adj.失望的，沮丧的
【教材原句】　Frankly speaking， I was disappointed but I smiled as broadly as I could.
说实话，我是失望的，但我还是尽量让自己笑容满面。
【用法】
（1）be disappointed at/by sth　对某事感到失望 be disappointed in/with sb 对某人感到失望 be disappointed to find/see/hear ...失望地发现/看到/听说…… （2）disappointing adj. 令人失望的，令人沮丧的 （3）disappoint vt. 使人失望 （4）disappointment n. 失望；让人失望的人或事 in disappointment 失望地 to one’s disappointment 使某人失望的是
【佳句】　They were bitterly disappointed at the result of the game.
他们对比赛结果极为失望。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①His refusal to come to our English evening party was very 　　　　　　（disappoint）.
②We were all disappointed 　　　　　　　　（learn） that the picnic had been cancelled.
③To his great 　　　　　　（disappoint）， his car broke down on the way to the beach.
④There was a 　　　　　　（disappoint） look on David’s face when he knew he didn’t pass the driving test.
【写美】　完成句子
⑤She tried her hardest not to show 　　　　　　　　　.她竭力不流露出自己有多失望。
pretend vi.& vt.假装；装扮，扮作；自诩，自认为
【教材原句】　Then I walked away， pretending not to have heard anything.
然后我走开了，假装什么也没听到。
【用法】
pretend to be＋名词/形容词　假装是…… pretend to do sth 假装要做某事 pretend to be doing sth 假装正在做某事 pretend to have done sth 假装已做过某事 pretend （to sb） that 假装……
【佳句】　She opened a book， pretending to read， with tears dropping on the open page.
她打开一本书，假装在看书，眼泪掉在打开的那一页上。 （读后续写之心理描写）
【点津】　pretend后接动词不定式时，一定要注意动词不定式时态的变化。根据句意可用一般式、进行式或完成式。类似用法的动词还有happen、appear、seem、claim等。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①She pretended 　　　　　　　　（be） dead when she met a bear and succeeded in escaping from being attacked.
②In order not to be punished， he pretended 　　　　　　　　（know） the answer to the maths problem already.
③She pretended 　　　　　　　　（listen） to the manager， but actually she was thinking about something else.
【写美】　句式升级
④She pretended she didn’t know me when we met in the street， which really upset me.
→She 　　　　　　　　　　　　when we met in the street， which really upset me.
Part Ⅱ　中频词汇特训
guilty adj.感到内疚的，感到惭愧的；有罪的，有过失的
【教材原句】　Lily was not happy about the photos， though.“I was feeling guilty because I was cheating my fans，” she said.
不过，莉莉对这些照片并不满意。“我感到内疚，因为我欺骗了我的粉丝，”她说。
【用法】
（1）feel guilty about/at　　　对……感到内疚 （2）be guilty of （doing） sth 犯有……错误的；犯有……罪行的
【佳句】　I still feel guilty about things I said to my mother when I was a teenager.我至今还在为我十几岁时对妈妈讲的话感到内疚。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①I feel really guilty 　　　　　　forgetting her birthday again.
②The evidence shows that the man is guilty 　　　　　　robbing the bank.
Section Ⅱ　Grammar and usage
【重难语法·要攻克】
我的发现
（1）条件　（2）时间　（3）地点　（4）原因　（5）结果
（6）让步
即时演练1
①as/when 　②before　③until　④when/than
即时演练2
①If you’re interested in the Chinese folk art
②Wherever he went　③Now that/Since you’ve grown up
④unless she asks us to
即时演练3
①as/though　②However； how　③that　④if
⑤if/though
【核心知识·巧突破】
Part Ⅰ
1.①to　②from　③resignation　④handed in my resignation
2.①of　②shameful　③To　④a　⑤I’m ashamed to say that I lied to her.
3.①for　②forgiveness
③will forgive you for your being late
4.①disappointing　②to learn　③disappointment
④disappointed　⑤how disappointed she was
5.①to be　②to have known　③to be listening
④pretended not to know me
Part Ⅱ
　①about/at　②of
10 / 10(共112张PPT)
Section Ⅱ　Grammar and usage
1
重难语法·要攻克
目 录
2
核心知识·巧突破
3
课时检测·提能力
重难语法 · 要攻克
掌握核心语法
1
状语从句复习
阅读下列句子并体会加蓝部分连词的用法。
1. He knew that if he came back， he could help advance science in
China.
2. When he had to go away on business， he always chose the midnight
flight so that he did not miss any work in the daytime.
3. Huang excelled where he was working and made substantial
contributions to his country.
4. Since he spent so much time on work， he was unable to see his family
very often.
5. In fact， he worked so hard that he did not pay enough attention to his
own health.
6. Although he spent many years in the UK，Huang’s heart never left
his homeland.
【我的发现】
（1）句1是 状语从句；
（2）句2是 状语从句；
（3）句3是 状语从句；
（4）句4是 状语从句；
（5）句5是 状语从句；
（6）句6是 状语从句。
条件　
时间　
地点　
原因　
结果　
让步　
　　状语从句在主从复合句中作状语，修饰主句中的动词、形容
词或副词等。状语从句放在主句之前时，常用逗号与主句隔开；
放在主句之后时，一般不用逗号。状语从句按其意义和作用一般
可分为时间状语从句、条件状语从句、原因状语从句、让步状语
从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句、方式状语从句、比较状语
从句和地点状语从句九种。
一、时间状语从句
1. when、while与as引导的时间状语从句
连词 从句谓语动词 用法
when 延续性动词或非
延续性动词 从句的动作和主句的动作可以同时发
生，也可以先后发生
while 延续性动词 从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生
as 延续性动词 强调主从句动作相伴发生，意为“一
边……一边……；随着”
我上学时就喜欢历史。
While I played the piano， my elder sister did her homework.
我弹钢琴时，姐姐做她的家庭作业。
As it gets warmer and warmer， the trees begin to come to life.
随着天气越来越暖和，树木开始有了生机。
When I was at school， I loved history.
2. before与since引导的时间状语从句
连词 词义 常用句式
be
fo
re 在……之前；还未…………； ……才……；
趁……；还没来得及…… it will be＋一段时间＋before ...“过……（时间）才……”
it won’t be long before ... “不久就……”
it was＋一段时间＋before ...“过了……（时间）才……”
si
nc
e 自从……以
来 it is/has been＋一段时间＋since ...（从句用一般过去时）“自从……以来已经有……（时间）了”
It will be half a year before I come back.
要过半年我才能回来。
It won’t be long before we meet again.
用不了多久我们就会再见面。
It was three days before he came back.
三天后他才回来。
It is/has been ten years since the criminal was arrested.那名罪犯被捕已
经十年了。
3. 表示“一……就……”含义的词（短语）引导的时间状语从句
（1）引导时间状语从句，且表示“一……就……”含义的词或短
语有as soon as、the moment、the minute、the instant、
immediately、directly、instantly、hardly/scarcely ...when、
no sooner ...than ...等。
I will go there directly I have finished my breakfast.
吃完早饭，我将立即到那里去。
We will leave the minute you are ready.
你一准备好，我们就出发。
（2）在hardly/scarcely ...when、no sooner ...than ...中，主句应
用过去完成时，从句应用一般过去时；当no sooner ...和
hardly/scarcely ...置于句首时，主句要部分倒装。
Hardly/Scarcely had he heard the news when he began to cry.
他一听到这个消息就哭了。
No sooner had we arrived at the station than the train left.我们
刚到火车站火车就开走了。
4. until与till引导的时间状语从句
（1）until与till引导时间状语从句的区别
连词 位置 用法
until 可以放在句首 not ...until可用于强调句
till 不可放在句首 一般不用于强调句
We walked along the river until/till it was dark.
我们沿着河边散步，一直走到天黑。
It was not until the professor came that we began the experiment.
直到教授来了，我们才开始实验。
（2）not until置于句首时，主句要用部分倒装。
Not until she saw the present did she feel happy.
直到看到礼物她才感到高兴。
（3）until/till用于肯定句时，表示“直到……为止”，主句的谓语
动词是延续性动词；用于否定句时，表示“直到……才”，
主句的谓语动词是非延续性动词。
They waited until/till I returned.
他们一直等着，直到我回来。
He didn’t know anything about it until/till I told him.直到我
告诉他，他才知道这件事。
5. 引导时间状语从句的其他常见连词（短语）
（1）其他常见的引导时间状语从句的连词（短语）还有after、
whenever、every time、each time、next time、the first/last
time、any time、by the time、the day/year等。
Every time I express an opinion， she always argues back.每当
我发表意见时，她总是反驳。
（2）by the time引导的时间状语从句如果用一般现在时，主句则用
将来完成时；如果用一般过去时，主句则用过去完成时。
By the time you come back， we will have finished the job.
到你回来的时候，我们将已经完成了这项工作。
By the time we got there， the rain had stopped.
我们到那里时，雨已经停了。
【即时演练1】　单句语法填空
①Over time， the population grew， people began cutting
food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly.
②If you miss this chance， it may be years you get another
one.
③As far as I know， it is not he returns home every evening that
his mother will go to bed.
④Hardly/No sooner had we got to the destination we set
out to do some volunteer work there.
as/when
before　
until　
when/than　
二、地点状语从句和条件状语从句
1. 地点状语从句
地点状语从句常由where、 wherever等引导，从句可以放在主句
前，也可以放在主句后。where与wherever 意义基本相同，但后者
语气较强，多用于书面语。
Where there is a will， there is a way.
有志者，事竟成。
Put the money wherever we can see it.
把钱放在任何我们能看见的地方。
2. 条件状语从句
引导条件状语从句的常见从属连词（短语）有if、only if、unless、
as/so long as、in case、once、on condition that、provided/providing
（that）、supposing/suppose （that）、assuming that等。
You’ll fail the exam unless you study hard.
除非你努力学习，否则你会考试不及格。
Supposing that they refuse us， who else can we turn to for help？
假如他们拒绝了我们，我们还能求助于谁呢？
3. 在条件状语从句中，用一般现在时代替一般将来时，一般过去时代
替过去将来时。
In case there is a fire， what will we do first？
万一发生火灾，我们首先做什么？
三、原因状语从句和目的状语从句
1. because/as/since/now （that）引导的原因状语从句
连词 （短语） 位置 内涵 语气 能否回
答why 能否被
强调
because 主句前或后 直接原因 强 能 能
as 主句前或后 双方都知道
的原因 弱 不能 不能
since/now
（that） 通常位于主
句前
The old man asked Lucy to move to another chair because he wanted to
sit next to his wife.
那位老人让露西坐到另一把椅子上，因为他想挨着他的妻子坐。
I can’t go with you， as I have a lot of work to do.
我不能和你一起去，因为我有很多工作要做。
Now that/Since everyone is here， we can begin our discussion.
既然大家都在这儿，我们可以开始讨论了。
2. in order that 引导的目的状语从句可置于主句之前或之后，而so that
引导的从句通常置于主句之后。目的状语从句中常含有can、
could、may、might等情态动词。
My old father began to study computer at the age of sixty so that he
might keep up with times.
我的老父亲六十岁时开始学习电脑，以便跟上时代的步伐。
3. for fear that/in case引导目的状语从句时，从句一般要用虚拟语气，
即谓语用“（should＋）动词原形”。
He wrote the name down for fear that/in case he （should） forget it.
他把名字写下来以免忘记。
【即时演练2】　完成句子
① ， please e-mail me.
如果你对中国民间艺术感兴趣，请发邮件给我。
② ， he carried a notebook around with him.
不管走到哪里，他都随身携带一个笔记本。
③ ， you must learn to stand on
your own two feet.
你既然已经长大成人，就必须学会独立生活。
If you’re interested in the Chinese folk art　
Wherever he went　
Now that/Since you’ve grown up　
④She’s very strict — we don’t dare to say a word
.
她很严厉——如果她不要求，我们连一句话也不敢说。
unless she asks us
to　
四、结果状语从句
1. 引导结果状语从句的从属连词有so that、so ...that ...、
such ...that ...。在非正式语体中，由so ...that ...、
such ...that ...引导的句子中的that可以省略，其结构为：
so＋＋that从句
such＋＋that从句
Everybody lent a hand so that the work was finished ahead of time.
由于大家帮忙，所以工作提前完成了。
Our English teacher explains English grammar so clearly that all the
students can understand it.
我们的英语老师把英语语法解释得如此清晰，以至于所有的学生都
能理解。
There are so many things in the shop that it is difficult to know what to
buy.
商店里的东西太多，不知道买什么好。
Mike is such an honest worker that we all believe in him.
＝Mike is so honest a worker that we all believe in him.
迈克是一个如此诚实的工人，以至于我们都信任他。
2. 为了强调形容词和副词，当so或such之后，that之前的内容置于句
首时，主句要用倒装语序。
So clever a student was he that he was able to work out all the
difficult questions.
他是一个如此聪明的学生，以至于能够解出所有难题。
五、让步状语从句
1. although、though、as与while引导的让步状语从句
（1）although引导让步状语从句时，只能用正常语序；though引导
让步状语从句时，可用正常语序，也可用倒装语序； as也可
以引导让步状语从句，常用于倒装句型，即要把从句中作表
语的名词或形容词、作状语的副词或作谓语的实义动词置于
句首，若表语是单数可数名词，前置时要省略冠词。
Although/Though he may be troubled， he always presents a
calm smiling face.
尽管他可能会遇到麻烦，但他总是露出平静的微笑。
Much as/though I have traveled， I have never seen anyone
who’s as capable as John.
虽然我已经去过很多地方，但我从未见过像约翰这么能干
的人。
Child as/though he was， he helped me a lot.
尽管他是个孩子，他却帮助我很多。
Try as/though he might， he could not open the door.
不管他怎样努力，他还是不能打开那个门。
（2）although与though都可以与yet、still连用，但不能和but连用。
（3）while引导让步状语从句时，一般置于句首。
While I admit that there are problems， I don’t agree that they
cannot be solved.
尽管我承认有问题存在，但我不同意这些问题不能解决。
2. even if与even though引导的让步状语从句
even if与even though表示“即使，纵然”，引导让步状语从句时，
可用虚拟语气，也可用陈述语气。
I’ll do it， even if/though it takes me all the afternoon.
我要做这件事，即使它花去我整个下午的时间。
3. “no matter＋疑问词”与“疑问词＋-ever”引导的让步状语从句
（1）“no matter＋疑问词”相当于“疑问词＋-ever”，二者都可
以引导让步状语从句。
Don’t trust him， no matter what/whatever he says.
无论他说什么都不要相信他。
（2）whoever、whatever、whomever、whichever还可以引导名词性
从句，但“no matter＋疑问词”不可以。
4. whether ...or （not） ...引导的让步状语从句
We’ll go on with the work， whether we can find the necessary tools
or we cannot.
不管我们能否找到所需的工具，我们都要把这项工作做下去。
六、其他状语从句
状语从句类型 从属连词
方式状语从句 as、 as if、as though
比较状语从句 as ...as、not as/so ...as、比较级＋than
The old lady treats the boy as if he were her own son.
那个老太太对待那个男孩就好像他是她的亲生儿子一样。
He is taller than any other student in our school.
他比我们学校的任何一个学生都高。
【即时演练3】　单句语法填空
①Poor they are， they still do their best to help those
homeless children.
② /No matter angry you feel， you shouldn’t shout
at your children.
③He earned so little money he couldn’t support his family.
④He acted as he hadn’t heard any of it.
⑤Even I were in your place， I wouldn’t take the job.
as/though　
However　
how　
that　
if　
if/though　
核心知识·巧突破
探究课堂重点
2
Part Ⅰ　核心词汇集释
resign vt.& vi.辞职，辞去；听任，顺从
【教材原句】　Eventually he resigned his post in the UK and returned to
China to work at Jilin University in Changchun.最终，他辞去了在英国
的职位，回到中国，在长春的吉林大学工作。
【用法】
（1）resign from　从……辞职
resign as　　辞去（某职务）
resign one’s post/position 辞职
resign oneself to　　听任，顺从，只好接受，使自己安于……
（2）resignation n.　　辞职；辞呈；辞职信
a letter of resignation　　一封辞职信
【佳句】　He resigned from the company in order to take a more
challenging job.
他从这家公司辞职以便能够从事更有挑战性的工作。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①At sixteen， I resigned myself the fact that I’d never be a
dancer.
②Ten years ago， he resigned a company in Beijing and went
to Shenzhen to set up his own company.
③Yesterday Mr Smith went into the manager’s office with a letter
of （resign）.
to　
from　
resignation　
【写美】　完成句子
④I this morning.
我今天上午提交了辞职信。
handed in my resignation　
ashamed adj.惭愧，羞愧，尴尬
【教材原句】　I was so ashamed of myself.我为自己感到羞愧。
【用法】
（1）be/feel ashamed of sb/sth　为某人/某事感到羞愧
be ashamed to do sth　　耻于做某事；因惭愧而不情愿做某事
（2）shame n.　　羞愧；羞愧感；让人遗憾的事
vt.　　使羞愧；使丢脸
to one’s shame　　　　　　令某人惭愧的是
it’s a shame that/to do ...　　真可惜……
（3）shameful adj.　　　　可耻的；丢脸的
shameless adj.　　无耻的；没廉耻的
【佳句】　She was deeply ashamed of her behaviour at the party.她对
自己在聚会上的行为深感羞愧。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①We are often ashamed our shortcomings， our mistakes and our
failures.
②It is （shame） to break school rules from time to time.
③ her shame， she gained back all the weight she’d lost.
④That is the only French phrase I mastered， and it’s shame that
I don’t have much use for it.
of　
shameful　
To　
a　
【写美】　翻译句子
⑤我真不好意思说我向她撒了谎。（ashamed）

I’m ashamed to say that I lied to her.
forgive vt.& vi.（forgave， forgiven） 原谅，宽恕；免除（债务）
【教材原句】　I hope my fans can forgive me.我希望我的粉丝们能原
谅我。
【用法】
（1）forgive sb sth　　原谅某人某事
forgive one’s doing sth　　原谅某人做了某事
forgive sb for （doing） sth　　原谅某人（做了）某事
forgive and forget　　摒弃前嫌，不念旧恶
（2）forgiveness n.　　原谅，宽恕
ask/beg/pray for （sb’s） forgiveness 请求/祈求（某人的）宽恕
【佳句】　I’ll never forgive her for what she did.
我绝不会原谅她做的事。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①Forgive me interrupting， but I really don’t agree with that.
②Guilty and ashamed， he came into his teacher’s office to beg for
his （forgive）.
for　
forgiveness　
【写美】　完成句子
③Although Chinese families ， I
suggest you should arrive on time.
虽然中国家庭会原谅你迟到，但我建议你要准时到达。
will forgive you for your being late　
disappointed adj.失望的，沮丧的
【教材原句】　Frankly speaking， I was disappointed but I smiled as
broadly as I could.
说实话，我是失望的，但我还是尽量让自己笑容满面。
【用法】
（1）be disappointed at/by sth　对某事感到失望
be disappointed in/with sb　　对某人感到失望
be disappointed to find/see/hear ...失望地发现/看到/听说……
（2）disappointing adj. 令人失望的，令人沮丧的
（3）disappoint vt.　　使人失望
（4）disappointment n. 失望；让人失望的人或事
in disappointment　　失望地
to one’s disappointment　　使某人失望的是
【佳句】　They were bitterly disappointed at the result of the game.
他们对比赛结果极为失望。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①His refusal to come to our English evening party was
very （disappoint）.
②We were all disappointed （learn） that the picnic had
been cancelled.
③To his great （disappoint）， his car broke down
on the way to the beach.
④There was a （disappoint） look on David’s face
when he knew he didn’t pass the driving test.
disappointing　
to learn　
disappointment　
disappointed　
【写美】　完成句子
⑤She tried her hardest not to show .
她竭力不流露出自己有多失望。
how disappointed she was　
pretend vi.& vt.假装；装扮，扮作；自诩，自认为
【教材原句】　Then I walked away， pretending not to have heard
anything.
然后我走开了，假装什么也没听到。
【用法】
pretend to be＋名词/形容词　假装是……
pretend to do sth　　假装要做某事
pretend to be doing sth　　假装正在做某事
pretend to have done sth　　假装已做过某事
pretend （to sb） that　　假装……
【佳句】　She opened a book， pretending to read， with tears
dropping on the open page.
她打开一本书，假装在看书，眼泪掉在打开的那一页上。 （读后
续写之心理描写）
【点津】　pretend后接动词不定式时，一定要注意动词不定式时态的
变化。根据句意可用一般式、进行式或完成式。类似用法的动词还有
happen、appear、seem、claim等。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①She pretended （be） dead when she met a bear and
succeeded in escaping from being attacked.
②In order not to be punished， he pretended
（know） the answer to the maths problem already.
③She pretended （listen） to the manager， but
actually she was thinking about something else.
to be　
to have known　
to be listening　
【写美】　句式升级
④She pretended she didn’t know me when we met in the street， which
really upset me.
→She when we met in the street， which
really upset me.
pretended not to know me　
Part Ⅱ　中频词汇特训
guilty adj.感到内疚的，感到惭愧的；有罪的，有过失的
【教材原句】　Lily was not happy about the photos， though.“I
was feeling guilty because I was cheating my fans，” she said.不
过，莉莉对这些照片并不满意。“我感到内疚，因为我欺骗了我
的粉丝，”她说。
【用法】
（1）feel guilty about/at　　　对……感到内疚
（2）be guilty of （doing） sth 犯有……错误的；犯有……罪行的
【佳句】　I still feel guilty about things I said to my mother when I was
a teenager.
我至今还在为我十几岁时对妈妈讲的话感到内疚。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①I feel really guilty forgetting her birthday again.
②The evidence shows that the man is guilty robbing the bank.
about/at　
of　
课时检测·提能力
培育学科素养
3
维度一：基础题型练
单句语法填空。
1. She must have done something wrong， because she’s looking
so （guilt）.
2. My parents took lots of （photographer） of us when
we were small.
guilty　
photographs　
3. honest a person is he that you can turn to him for help when you
are in trouble.
4. I was a little nervous at first， but everyone was so nice and
friendly I soon stopped worrying.
5. When we stood we used to play， we couldn’t help
thinking of our happy old days.
6. We should protect our environment from being polluted that our
next generation will enjoy a blue sky and live a healthy life.
So　
that　
where　
so　
7. We’re going to hold a charity show tomorrow.You can join
us you have no idea what to do for the weekend.
8. One can always manage to do more things /no
matter full his schedule is in life.
9. How did you feel you saw the terrible accident happening in
front of you？
10. The meaning of the word “nice” changed a few times it
finally came to include the sense “pleasant”.
since/now that　
however　
how　
when　
before　
1. ， I will be free for almost
three months.
随着暑假的临近，我将有几乎三个月的空闲时间。
2. I won’t go to attend his wedding .
除非他邀请我，否则我是不会去参加他的婚礼的。
3. It is we all want to go to the park.
天气如此晴朗，以至于我们都想去公园。
As the summer vacation is approaching　
unless he invites me　
such fine weather that　
维度二：语法与写作
根据汉语提示完成下列句子。
5. The girl stood at the door .
女孩站在门口，似乎在等人。
as if she was waiting for someone　
4. We’ll start our meeting on time .
无论他来还是不来，我们都将准时开会。
whether he comes or not　
维度三：语法与语篇
阅读下面短文，用适当的连词填空。
　　My mother was cooking in the kitchen 1. I was
doing my school assignments.No sooner had I finished my homework
2. the door bell rang.However， my sister unlocked the door
3. I could open it.We were surprised the moment we saw
her 4. her clothes and face were terribly
dirty.5. we didn’t know what had happened to her，
we stood there and waited for my sister’s story.We wouldn’t leave
while/when　
than　
before　
because　
Since/As　
6. my sister told us all about it.7. my sister got changed， she told us that she fell into a ditch（沟） 8. she walked on a path on her way to my uncle’s home in the countryside.She
couldn’t get out of the ditch.9. she cried
for help loudly， no one could hear her.She tried to climb out of it， but
10. hard she tried， she failed to escape from it.11.
time went by， she got worried.
unless　
After　
when/while　
Although/Though/While　
however　
As　
　　After several vain attempts she had to stand 12. she
was and waited 13. a boy student passed by and gave her a
hand.The boy reached her a long rope and told her to climb with the
rope.She did 14. the boy told， and she came out.
where　
until　
as　
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
　　It was a Sunday night.I circled the neighbourhood a few times，
looking for a place to leave my car.Finally， I found one a block south of
my house.It was behind a late-model Jeep.I tried to back into the space，
but I failed to see the angles clearly.I heard it before I felt it， the sound
of plastic on plastic， like a sheet of sandpaper along the surface of a
painted piece of wood.I got out of my car to check the damage.My car
was unharmed.However， there were two distinct lines on the Jeep.
　　Then I noticed a woman， walking her dog， who was now
photographing me with her phone.“I hope you’re not planning to drive
away，” she said quietly.Until then， I was annoyed with myself for
having been so careless， but now， I was mad with her for taking my
picture.“How dare she？”I thought.She had no respect for my privacy.
　　And how dare she assume I would do the wrong thing？ But soon I
calmed down because I knew she wasn’t entirely incorrect.I’d made no
decision to drive away without leaving a note， but I’d be lying if I said
the idea hadn’t flashed across my mind.It was dark， and aside from her
no one was watching.It happens all the time — the hit-and-run in the
parking lot.
　　We all have those desires to behave selfishly， to go against the social
contract； it is not the thought but what we do with it that counts.It is the
commitment to take responsibility， to care for one another， and to think
about the greater good that makes this world a better place to stay.The
choice to own up was left to me.I left a note with my name and phone
number under the wiper blade （雨刮器） of the Jeep.
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者讲述了自己不小心剐蹭一
辆车后，主动留下自己信息的故事。作者希望借自己的故事向读者
传达人人都应该为自己做错的事情承担责任的道理。
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者讲述了自己不小心剐蹭一
辆车后，主动留下自己信息的故事。作者希望借自己的故事向读者
传达人人都应该为自己做错的事情承担责任的道理。
1. What happened to the author on that Sunday night？（　　）
A. He knocked down someone.
B. He got hurt in a car accident.
C. He hit a parked car accidentally.
D. He failed to find a parking space.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，那天晚上，作者倒
车时不小心蹭了一辆泊在车位上的吉普车。
2. Why did the author feel angry with the woman？（　　）
A. She blocked his view on purpose.
B. She spoke to him in a very rude way.
C. She photographed him without permission.
D. She refused to take responsibility for her faults.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第二段中的a woman ...
photographing me with her phone ...She had no respect for my privacy
可知，那位女士未经作者允许就拍了作者的照片，作者认为这侵犯
了他的隐私。
3. What does the underlined part “own up” in the last paragraph
mean？（　　）
A. Admit. B. Occupy.
C. Disappear. D. Refuse.
解析：　词义猜测题。根据上文可知，作者剐蹭了别人的车，此
处应该是指作者决定“承认”自己的过失，下文作者留下自己姓名
和电话的行为是作者承担责任的具体表现。
4. What does the author intend to tell us through his story？（　　）
A. Everyone makes mistakes.
B. Always do the right thing.
C. Avoid conflicts with others.
D. Apologizing sincerely matters.
解析：　主旨大意题。作者在最后一段指出，人人都应该按照社
会契约行事，愿意承担责任、关爱他人、为大局着想，世界才会更
美好。
B
　　89-year-old Derlin Newey， who lives in the Roy area of Utah， has
supplemented （补充） his Social Security income for a little over a year
by delivering food for Papa John’s Pizza.When Newey delivered a large
apple pizza to Gladys Valdez a few weeks ago with a smile and struck up a
conversation， Gladys was completely pleased.
　　“He was just so friendly， really talkative， and just super sweet
and genuine，” Gladys told her husband， Carlos Valdez about
Newey.Carlos was so taken with Newey’s friendliness and high
passion — and the fact that he was delivering pizza at his age — that he
decided to crowdfund on Newey’s behalf via a Venmo link on his TikTok
page.Thousands of people donated and it all added up to more than $12，
000.　
　　Then came the surprise delivery.When Newey opened the door to his
mobile home， Carlos was standing there holding an empty pizza box，
which he had stuffed with an envelope full of all the cash.Newey was
flabbergasted， and his eyes filled with tears.Since the initial fundraiser
that brought in $12，000， people have donated $8，000 more for
Newey.
　　Newey， a retired salesman， typically works about 30 hours a
week， Mondays through Saturdays delivering pizza.As a native of
Utah’s Ogden area， he spent 26 years living in Gridley， California，
and working for National Merchandising， and he also earned a
bachelor’s degree from Brigham Young University.Young Newey was a
competitive skier， and he later taught skiing； about four years ago， he
gave up skiing because it became too difficult physically.
　　Even if Newey didn’t need the extra income， he said， he would
still do his delivery job because he loves it.“Oh， fantastic，” he said
about his job.“I love the people I’m working with， and I love having
pleasant conversations and making friends with people.The beautiful
children — you should see the smiles on their faces when they say，
‘Oh， we’re going to have pizza tonight！’ That’s worth more than
the money I make.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。热心的Carlos通过TikTok为89岁的
披萨外卖员Newey筹到2万多美元的善款作为生活补给。
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。热心的Carlos通过TikTok为89岁的
披萨外卖员Newey筹到2万多美元的善款作为生活补给。
5. What did Gladys think of Newey？（　　）
A. Reserved and sensitive.
B. Enthusiastic and sociable.
C. Disciplined and thoughtful.
D. Ambitious and hard-working.
解析：　观点态度题。根据第一段中的When Newey delivered a
large apple pizza to Gladys Valdez a few weeks ago with a smile and
struck up a conversation和第二段中Gladys所说的He was just so
friendly， really talkative， and just super sweet and genuine可知，
Newey在Gladys的眼里是一个热情、善于交际的人。
6. How did Carlos help Newey？（　　）
A. By delivering pizza for him.
B. By raising money online for him.
C. By ordering more pizza from him.
D. By making good comments about him.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第二段中的he decided to crowdfund on
Newey’s behalf via a Venmo link on his TikTok page可知，Carlos通
过在网上筹集资金来帮助Newey。
7. What does the underlined word “flabbergasted” in Paragraph 3
probably mean？（　　）
A. Extremely shocked. B. Severely depressed.
C. Pretty frightened. D. Rather annoyed.
解析：　词义猜测题。根据第三段开头的the surprise delivery和
Carlos带来的善款以及画线词后面的his eyes filled with tears可推
知，Newey 大吃一惊，满眼泪水。故画线词flabbergasted意为“非
常震惊”。
8. What can we learn about Newey from the last two paragraphs？（　　）
A. He turned down Carlos’ help.
B. He dreamed of being a ski coach.
C. He received a poor education.
D. He found the delivery job worthwhile.
解析：　细节理解题。根据最后一段中Newey所说的话可知，
Newey喜欢送披萨这份工作，喜欢和顾客聊天、交朋友，喜欢
看到孩子们拿到披萨时脸上洋溢的笑容。这些在他看来更有价
值和意义。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
　　When choosing to add a pet to the family， you may spend more time
focusing on the joy and happiness you expect your new pet will bring.9.
（　　） Though there is no true definition of a responsible pet parent，
these are a few widely accepted tips to help you create a happy， healthy
life for your furry friends.
　　Food and shelter
　　10. （　　） Your pets will need continuous access to clean water，
healthy and nutritious food， and shelter from the elements （恶劣的天
气）.Cats and dogs will live healthier， happier， more rewarding lives
when they are treated as full members of the family， living side-by-side
with you in your homes.
　　Healthcare
　　Regular preventive care is key to helping your pet live a long and
healthy life.It’s best to establish a relationship with a veterinarian （兽
医） to help keep you on track with regular check-ups and vaccinations
（接种疫苗）.11.（　　） When the time has come， your veterinarian
can help you keep your pet comfortable， pain-free， and loved， and
guide you in making decisions on end-of-life care.
　　Training and socialization
　　Behavioral issues are the number one reason why animals are
abandoned to shelters， so training and socializing your pets helps make
sharing your homes with them much easier.For example， a dog who has
been trained in basic obedience （服从） knows what behaviors are
acceptable and what is expected of him.12.（　　）
　　Love
　　This may be the most important responsibility of all.13.（　　）
They are companions who depend on you for their care.They are in tune
with you and live for your happiness.Responsible pet parents work hard to
do the same for them.
A. Your pets are not possessions you own.
B. Your pets need to stay in shape just like you do.
C. Animal overpopulation is a real issue all over the world.
D. An established relationship with a veterinarian can also be helpful as
your pet ages.
E. Providing your pet with the basic necessities of life should go without
saying.
F. While that’s true， they also come with a set of duties that everyone
should consider.
G. This can help him be more cooperative， comfortable， and confident
in the home environment.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了宠物主人应该承担的几
项责任。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了宠物主人应该承担的几
项责任。
9. F　设空处前一句指出：在决定要养宠物时，你可能更关注你认为
新宠物会带来的快乐和幸福。F项（虽然这是真的，但它们也会带来
一系列每个人都应该考虑的职责）符合语境，与上文构成转折关系。
F项中第一个that指代上文描述的情况。
10. E　根据本段小标题“食物和住所”可知，E项（为宠物提供基本
生活必需品是理所当然的）符合语境。E项中的basic necessities of life
与小标题相呼应。
11. D　上文说明了宠物主人最好与兽医建立关系。下文指出：到了
那个时候，你的兽医能为你提供帮助，让你的宠物觉得舒适、远离痛
苦、感到被爱，指导你作出有关临终关怀的决定。故D项（随着宠物
年龄的增长，与兽医建立关系也会有所帮助）符合语境。
12. G　设空处前一句指出：举例来说，接受过基本服从训练的狗了
解什么行为是主人可以接受的，也清楚主人对它的期望。G项（这可
以帮助它在家庭环境中更加乐于合作、感到舒适、充满自信）紧承上
文，符合语境。G项中的This指代设空处前描述的情况。
13. A　上文说明了爱可能是最重要的一项责任。下文指出了它们是
需要你照顾的伙伴；它们能够理解你；它们以你的幸福为生活目标。
负责任的宠物主人会努力为它们做同样的事情。A项（你的宠物不是
你的财产）符合语境。
Ⅲ.完形填空
　　Recently， I had one unpleasant but lucky day.My morning started
out with a grouchy （爱发脾气的） kid who couldn’t be 　14　，
whatever I tried to do for him.When I got in my car to take him
to 　15　， I realized my gas tank was close to 　16　.To make matters
worse， the traffic was unbearable.I felt 　17　.
　　After I filled up my tank and dropped the little one off to daycare， I
headed to my favourite restaurant， 　18　 my favourite meal， went to
the cashier， and then something 　19　 happened — my debit card （借
记卡） was declined.I told the cashier that she must have run my card
wrong and to 　20　 it again， only for the screen to read DECLINED
again.My heart 　21　.
　　I immediately 　22　 my phone and called the bank number.Out of
nowhere， this amazing woman came up behind me， hugged me，
and 　23　 my lunch.I explained to her that I did have money when
she 　24　 me and said，“You can pay me back by paying it
forward.Have a good day.”
　　I was 　25　！ I’ve never seen anyone do anything like this in real
life， and someone just 　26　！ My heart was full， and I couldn’t
believe how someone who didn’t even know me could do such a thing for
a 　27　！
　　Right then and there， I told myself that I was going to pay it
forward.I was going to create in my child a spirit of 　28　， gratitude，
and show him what paying it forward was all about.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。陌生人的慷慨帮助让作者懂得把爱
传递下去。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。陌生人的慷慨帮助让作者懂得把爱
传递下去。
14. A. moved B. discouraged
C. satisfied D. annoyed
解析：　根据该空前的a grouchy （爱发脾气的） kid可知，
“我”的孩子易怒，不管“我”做什么，都无法满足他。
15. A. school B. daycare
C. hospital D. town
解析：　根据第二段中的dropped the little one off to daycare可
知，“我”上车准备带孩子去托儿所。
16. A. new B. full C. huge D. empty
解析：　根据第二段中的I filled up my tank可知，“我”的油箱
几乎空了。
17. A. terrible B. scared
C. curious D. ashamed
解析：　根据上文的描述可知，“我”一大早就遇到很多不顺
心的事情，因此“我”感到很糟糕。
18. A. shared B. prepared
C. ordered D. showed
解析：　根据该空后的my favourite meal， went to the cashier可
知，“我”点了最喜欢吃的饭菜，然后去了收银台。
19. A. unrecognizable B. uncertain
C. unknown D. unexpected
解析：　根据下文my debit card （借记卡） was declined可知，
这是意想不到的事情。
20. A. demand B. adopt
C. try D. purchase
解析：　根据该空前的she must have run my card wrong可知，
“我”告诉收银员，她一定是操作不当，让她再试一次。
21. A. opened B. sank
C. slowed D. hurt
解析：　根据该空前的the screen to read DECLINED again可知，
当屏幕又一次显示“我”的卡不能支付时，我感到很沮丧。
22. A. locked B. grabbed
C. answered D. connected
解析：　根据该空后的called the bank number可知，“我”立刻
抓起手机，拨打了银行的电话。
23. A. picked up B. took away
C. put back D. paid for
解析：　根据下文You can pay me back by paying it forward.可
知，这位女士替“我”付了款。
24. A. followed B. stopped
C. reached D. checked
解析：　根据该空后的and said可知，这位女士打断“我”，并
且对“我”说：“你可以通过把爱传递下去来回报我。祝你今天
过得愉快。”
25. A. confused B. amazed
C. concerned D. determined
解析：　根据该空后的I’ve never seen anyone do anything like
this in real life可知，“我”很惊讶。
26. A. saved my day B. changed my mind
C. met my request D. caught my eye
解析：　根据上文的描述可知，这位女士帮了“我”的大忙。
27. A. stranger B. friend
C. neighbour D. customer
解析：　根据该空前的who didn’t even know me可知，“我”
对那位女士来说是一个陌生人。
28. A. bravery B. patience
C. honesty D. kindness
解析：　根据上文的描述以及该空后的gratitude可知，“我”要
把孩子培养成一个善良且懂得感恩的人。
Ⅳ.语法填空
　　Over thousands of years， the Chinese have created brilliant culture
and meanwhile formed our own moral code.This is what we call the
traditional virtues of the Chinese nation， which are still of great
29. 　　　　　　 （significant） today and whose value to the
development of human civilization has been 30. 　 （general） recognized.
　　One of these traditional virtues is honesty， and “Zengzi kills the
pig” is a well-known story about this valuable quality.Zengzi， a student
of Confucius， was a person 31. 　　　　　　 was upright and always
kept his promise.One day， when Zengzi’s wife was about
32. 　　　　　　 （go） to the market， her little son started making a
scene 33. 　　　　　 he insisted on going with her.To calm him down，
she persuaded him into 34. 　　　　　　 （stay） at home with a prize：
killing their pig for him to eat when she returned.When she got back from
the market， she saw Zengzi was
35. 　　　　　　 his way to kill the pig and tried to stop him.Zengzi said，“If you deceive （欺骗） him this time， he will not believe in you any more.” In the end， the pig 36. 　　　　　　 （kill）.With his own conduct， Zengzi taught his son to be 37. 　　　　　　 （faith） to his word.
　　Despite the passage of time， honesty is still honored as a mainstream
value and has appeared in countless 38. 　　　　　　 （tale）
throughout China’s history.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一则中国传统故事：曾
子杀猪。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一则中国传统故事：曾
子杀猪。
29. significance　考查词形转换。设空处为“of＋抽象名词”结构，
该结构在句中充当形容词的作用，故填significance。
30. generally　考查词形转换。设空处在句中作状语，修饰
recognized，应用副词，故填generally。
31. who/that　考查定语从句。设空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行
词a person，且在从句中作主语，故填who/that。
32. to go　考查非谓语动词。be about to do sth表示“即将/正要做某
事”，故填to go。
33. and　考查连词。根据语境可知，设空处前后两句为并列句，故填
and。
34. staying　考查非谓语动词。设空处作介词into的宾语，应用动词-
ing形式，故填staying。
35. on　考查介词。on one’s way to do sth为固定搭配，意为“在去
做某事的路上”。
36. was killed　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。the pig与kill之间
为被动关系，应用被动语态，且根据语境可知，设空处应用一般过去
时，故填was killed。
37. faithful　考查词形转换。设空处在句中作表语，表示“忠实的，
守信的”，故填形容词faithful。
38. tales　考查名词复数。tale为可数名词，意为“故事”，在此表泛
指，且前面有countless修饰，故填tales。
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