资源简介

Section Ⅲ　Integrated skills
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
　　Don’t ignore the difference teenagers can make.
　　John Michael Thomas， 14， Florida
　　When John Michael Thomas decided to honor his friend and classmate Elizabeth Buckley， who died from cancer， he remembered how much she loved peacocks （孔雀）.He wanted to build a life-sized peacock fountain in Elizabeth’s favourite park in the city in memory of his friend.He thought it could be a place for people to relax and be inspired.John Michael raised 52，000 to build the fountain.
　　Barrett Smith， 13， Utah
　　The wheels began to turn for Barrett Smith when he heard about Karma Bike Shop， a place where young people can earn free bikes by reading and performing community service.
　　Barrett visited Karma’s owner with his idea： He would collect and repair used bikes and donate them to the shop.
　　He expected to get about 10 donated bikes.In the end， Barrett received 39.
　　Zachary Blohm， 15， Wisconsin
　　The 25-year-old playground at an elementary school near Milwaukee， Wisconsin was so small that only 70 of its 575 students could play on it at a time.
　　That’s when Zachary Blohm saved the day （扭转局面）.He and some volunteers wanted to build a huge playground.To raise money， Zachary planned T-shirt and bake sales， sold tickets and more.He held monthly money-raising events for more than a year.Overall， he collected 130，000 — enough to finish his project.
　　Jack Zimmerman， 16， New Jersey
　　For some people， finding a meal is as simple as opening the refrigerator.For more than 366，000 hungry kids in New Jersey， it’s not that easy.
　　That fact didn’t sit well with Jack Zimmerman， who organized a drive to lessen childhood hunger in his state.His goal： Create 40，000 packaged meals that could be donated to those in need.
　　On game day， Jack and his volunteers started their work.After the final count， the team had packaged 47，124 meals — well above Jack’s goal.
1.The peacock fountain was built in a park 　　　.（　　）
A.to encourage people
B.to cure a cancer sufferer
C.to protect the animals
D.to cherish the memory of a teenager
2.What did Barrett do for Karma Bike Shop？（　　）
A.He repaired bikes there.
B.He donated bikes to it.
C.He helped it win customers.
D.He offered a reading service there.
3.What do the four people have in common？（　　）
A.They’re top students.
B.They like various public activities.
C.They are concerned about others.
D.They are money raisers for the poor.
B
　　（2024·江苏扬州高二统考期中）The history of humankind is littered with crafty and seasoned liars.Lying， it turns out， is something that most of us are highly skilled in.We lie with ease， in ways big and small， to strangers， co-workers， friends， and loved ones.Being dishonest is woven into our very fabric， so that it would be truthful to say that to lie is human.
　　Like learning to walk and talk， lying is something of a developmental milestone.While parents often find their children’s lies troubling — for they signal the beginning of a loss of innocence — Kang Lee， a psychologist， sees the emergence of the behavior in children as a comforting sign that their cognitive growth is on track.
　　To study lying in children， Lee and his colleagues use a simple experiment.They ask kids to guess the identity of toys hidden from their view， based on an audio clue.The sound played has nothing to do with the toy.“So you play Beethoven， but the toy’s a car，” Lee explains.The experimenter leaves the room， using the excuse of taking a phone call — a lie for the sake of science — and asks the child not to peek at the toy.Returning， the experimenter asks the child for the answer， following up with the question：“Did you peek or not？”
　　Most children can’t resist peeking.The percentage of the children who peek and then provide false statements about it depends on their age.Among two-year-old， only 30 per cent are mendacious.Among three-year-old， 50 per cent lie.And by eight， about 80 per cent claim they didn’t peek.
　　What drives this increase in lying is the development of a child’s ability to put himself or herself in someone else’s shoes.Known as theory of mind， this is the facility we acquire for understanding the beliefs， intentions， and knowledge of others.What then might be the best way to block the rapid advance of untruths into our lives？ The answer isn’t clear.Technology has opened up a new frontier for dishonesty， adding a 21st-century twist to the age-old problem.
4.What can we learn about the human tendency to lie？（　　）
A.It is a rare occurrence.
B.It is part of human nature.
C.It emerges in adulthood.
D.It results from human greed.
5.Which statement will Kang Lee probably agree with？（　　）
A.Children who lie are more likely to fail.
B.Parents should prevent children from lying.
C.Lying in children suggests a normal growth.
D.Lying is a sign of a child’s loss of innocence.
6.What were the children asked to do in the experiment？（　　）
A.Determine the names of the hidden items.
B.Provide false statements about their actions.
C.Hide toys from the view of the experimenter.
D.Guess the link between toys and sound clues.
7.What does the underlined word “mendacious” in Paragraph 4 mean？（　　）
A.Cooperative. B.Trustworthy.
C.Irresponsible. D.Untruthful.
C
　　Not every man is cut out to be a father.If the thought of fatherhood fills you with fear， maybe it isn’t for you or maybe it’s a sign that you take the responsibility of fatherhood seriously.
　　As a parent， you are always going to have to trust your instincts （本能）.There’s no comprehensive rule book on parenting.You’ll screw up sometimes.Hopefully， your husband or wife will be there to nudge （鼓励） you in the right direction.And， as in many other aspects of life， doing the right thing will rarely make you popular.Your kids will need limits and discipline， and some days they will get angry with you for it.But the kids know on some level that they need limits and that the responsible parent who is setting and enforcing them is doing so because he or she cares.It’s the children whose parents allow them to do anything they want who often harbour doubts about whether they are really loved.
　　Certainly， we can find meaning in a lot of places in life.But for most of us who have seen the emergence of a small baby， fatherhood gives life unparalleled meaning.Parenthood， for a lot of us， may well be an antidepressant — not because you always feel good， but because you no longer have any time to sit around feeling bad.Your kids will always need you in one way or another — first for bottle-feeding， then as fellow pretend superheroes and to apply Band-Aids to skinned knees， and then， when they are teenagers， as a free personal Uber service or， once in a great while， for unexpected deep talks about the meaning of life.
　　I know what I did with my kids day after day， night after night， year over year， mattered so much.I won’t pretend to have everything figured out about life， but I did figure out the immeasurable value in being one link in a great chain of family， stretching back to our ancestors and continuing into the future， into whatever the world throws at us next.
8.What does the underlined phrase “screw up” in Paragraph 2 mean？（　　）
A.Mess up. B.Feel down.
C.Stay strong. D.Get inspired.
9.Which statement will the author probably agree with？（　　）
A.Parenting books are essential for parents.
B.Strict parents are popular with their kids.
C.Disciplining kids is a way to show love.
D.Kids seldom understand parents’ intentions.
10.Why does the author mention the things a parent does for kids in Paragraph 3？（　　）
A.To share some parenting tips.
B.To stress the difficulty of parents.
C.To recall the growth of his kids.
D.To show the value of being a parent.
11.How does the author mainly feel about fatherhood？（　　）
A.Fearful. B.Stressed.
C.Proud. D.Amused.
D
　　People trained to detect lies often rely on multiple signs， such as eye contact， length of responses and the details in what people say， but studies have shown that assessing a wide range of behavioural information can make it harder to decide if someone is lying.Bruno Verschuere at the University of Amsterdam and his colleagues wondered whether solely focusing on the detail of statements could provide more consistent results.
　　To test this idea， researchers asked 44 students to go for a walk or steal from a mock （模仿的） crime.Students were instructed to lie if they committed the fake theft.
　　Next， the researchers recruited 171 people to watch six truthful and six deceptive （欺骗的） interviews from these recordings， ranking interviewees’ eye contact and detail level.The results revealed that both truth-tellers and liars averted （转移） their gaze a similar amount， but truthful statements were substantially more detailed than deceptive ones， suggesting the latter is a more useful way to tell that someone is lying.
　　The researchers then asked 405 people to judge the true nature of six truthful and six deceptive statements randomly chosen from the interviews.Around half of the participants used multiple cues to identify liars.The remaining participants solely ranked the level of detail in answers on a scale of 1 to 10， with 6 or above counting as truthful.Those using multiple cues distinguished lies from the truth 59％ of the time， while those relying solely on detail achieved 66％.
　　“Our take is that using just one cue can provide a simpler way to judge lies from the truth，” says Verschuere.“Nevertheless， in the real world， you would probably need to confirm the accuracy of statements through extra investigations or follow-up questions.”
12.Bruno Verschuere and his colleagues conducted the research to confirm that 　　　　.（　　）
A.behavioural information played a vital role in finding out the truth
B.it’s relatively easier to identify liars by relying only on the detail of statements
C.truth-tellers and liars shared something in common when performing the task
D.people should be trained to detect lies by referring to multiple cues
13.What can we learn from Paragraphs 3 and 4？（　　）
A.Truthful statements included considerably more details than deceptive ones.
B.Liars turned away their eyes more often than truth-tellers.
C.It’s difficult for participants to detect liars by using multiple cues like eye contact.
D.Participants who relied on one cue can distinguish lies from the truth faultlessly.
14.What did Verschuere think of the real-life application of his research？（　　）
A.It had no potential market.
B.It made no sense.
C.It could be perfectly applied.
D.It had some limitations.
15.What’s the author’s purpose in writing the passage？（　　）
A.To introduce readers to the classification of lies.
B.To encourage readers to apply the results in real life.
C.To inform readers of scientific findings on detecting liars.
D.To warn readers of psychological harm of telling a lie.
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
　　Teenage years are one of the most exciting yet confusing stages in a person’s life.You are no longer a child， yet not quite an adult.16.（　　） One of them is your pastime.
　　Some pastimes have no moral implications.For example， shall we play basketball or soccer？17.（　　） Some examples include attending a party where there will be alcohol and drugs freely given out， lying to your parents or even skipping school to watch a movie with some friends.How do you respond？ Will you follow them？
　　Wanting to feel part of a group may force you to do things against your better judgement.However， it is okay to say no to anything that is illegal， or potentially causes harm or is hurtful to you or others.18.（　　） But you do not let that stop you from standing up to peer pressure and being true to yourself.If your friends are true friends， they will respect your decision and not force you to join them.
　　There are some steps you may take to keep away from negative peer pressure.Firstly， stay away from friends who force you to do things that you know are wrong.Instead， spend more time with friends who share the same value as you.19.（　　） And if a situation gets out of hand， do not hesitate to approach an adult you trust for help.
　　It may not always be easy to resist peer pressure， but do know that you will feel good about yourself later.And even without you realizing it， you may have been a catalyst in your group to bring about a positive change.20.（　　）
A.This is when you form a new habit of making friends.
B.Next， be true to yourself and stick to what you believe in.
C.You are at a time of exploration， trying to find out your preferences.
D.These peers no longer have the ability to develop their own personality.
E.You may be afraid to refuse for fear of losing friends or being laughed at.
F.However， there are other choices that need to be made based on your values in life.
G.Others in your group may just follow your lead and gain courage to do the right thing.
Ⅲ.应用文写作
　　假定你是李华，你校交换生Chris对你上周参加的志愿者活动很感兴趣，发来邮件向你询问相关情况。请你给他回一封邮件，内容包括：
　　1.活动介绍；
　　2.你的收获。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式作答。
Dear Chris，
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Yours，
Li Hua
Section Ⅲ　Integrated skills
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四位青少年的善举。
1.D　细节理解题。根据John Michael Thomas， 14， Florida部分中的He wanted to build a life-sized peacock fountain in Elizabeth’s favourite park in the city in memory of his friend.可知，孔雀喷泉建在一个公园里，是为了纪念Elizabeth Buckley。
2.B　细节理解题。根据Barrett Smith， 13， Utah部分中的Barrett visited Karma’s owner with his idea： He would collect and repair used bikes and donate them to the shop.可知，Barrett为Karma自行车商店捐赠自行车。
3.C　推理判断题。文中John Michael Thomas为纪念朋友建造孔雀喷泉，Barrett Smith为车店捐赠自行车，Zachary Blohm为建大操场筹集资金，Jack Zimmerman为减少饥饿儿童而组织活动。由此可推断出，这四个人都很有爱心，他们的共同点是关心他人。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。说谎是人类的天性，文章通过对不同年龄的孩子进行实验告诉我们，撒谎意味着正常的成长。
4.B　细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知，说谎是人的本性。
5.C　推理判断题。根据第二段中的Kang Lee， a psychologist， sees the emergence of the behavior in children as a comforting sign that their cognitive growth is on track.可知，Kang Lee认为撒谎意味着正常的成长。
6.A　细节理解题。根据第三段中的They ask kids to guess the identity of toys hidden from their view， based on an audio clue.可知，试验中孩子们被要求断定隐藏着的玩具的名称。
7.D　词义猜测题。根据第四段第二句可知，画线词所在句讲述的是撒谎的孩子的比例，由此推断画线词所在句意为“在两岁的孩子中，只有30％的孩子说谎了”。因此画线词mendacious意为“说谎的”，与untruthful同义。
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。作者探讨了为人父母，特别是作为一个父亲应尽的义务和应担负的责任以及作为一个父亲的重大意义和价值。
8.A　词义猜测题。根据第二段第二句及第四句可知，养育子女没有全面的指导手册，希望你的丈夫或妻子能帮助你向着正确的方向前进。据此推断，画线短语所在句表示有时候你会出错。由此可猜测，screw up意为“把……弄糟；出错”，与mess up意思相近。
9.C　推理判断题。根据第二段中的It’s the children whose parents allow them to do anything they want who often harbour doubts about whether they are really loved.可知，作者认为管教孩子是爱的一种表现。
10.D　推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，父亲的角色赋予了生命无与伦比的意义，对我们很多人来说，为人父母很可能是一种抗抑郁剂，你的孩子总是会以这样或那样的方式需要你。由此推断，作者提到父母为孩子所做的事情是为了说明做父母的重要性。
11.C　推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，作者认为自己作为父亲为孩子们做的事情很重要，是家庭延续不可缺少的一部分，有着不可估量的价值。由此推断，作者为自己的父亲身份感到自豪。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。阿姆斯特丹大学的布鲁诺·维苏耶雷和他的同事们进行了一项研究，以证实只依靠陈述的细节来识别说谎者是相对容易的。
12.B　细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，布鲁诺·维苏耶雷和他的同事们进行这项研究是想证实只依靠陈述的细节来识别说谎者是相对容易的。
13.A　细节理解题。根据第三、四段内容可知，研究结果显示，说真话的人和说谎者回避目光的程度相似，但真实的陈述比欺骗性的陈述包含更多的细节。
14.D　推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，维苏耶雷指出在现实世界中，你可能需要通过额外的调查或后续问题来确认陈述的准确性，即他认为他的研究应用于现实生活中会有一些局限性。
15.C　写作意图题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了评估范围广泛的行为信息会让判断一个人是否在撒谎变得更加困难，阿姆斯特丹大学的布鲁诺·维苏耶雷和他的同事们进行了一项研究，以证实只依靠陈述的细节来识别说谎者是相对容易的。由此可推知，作者写本文的主要目的是告知读者关于识别说谎者的科学发现。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了青少年时期的一些特点以及远离消极同伴压力的方法。
16.C　上文提到了青少年时期是最令人困惑的阶段之一，且下文提到了消遣，因此本句旨在说明这一阶段的特点，C项（你处在一个探索的时期，试图找出自己的喜好）符合语境。
17.F　上文提到了不涉及道德判断的消遣，下文的例子则是关于道德判断的。由此可知，设空处应承上启下，F项符合语境，与上文构成转折关系，并引出下文的例子。
18.E　根据上文可知，想要融入群体可能会迫使你做一些违背自己正确判断的事情，下文则提到这并不会阻止你做真实的自己。由此可推测，本句旨在说明你因为害怕失去朋友或被嘲笑而不敢拒绝。故E项符合语境。
19.B　上文提到的是远离消极同伴压力的第一点措施，本句应说明远离消极同伴压力的第二点措施，故B项（其次，忠于自己的想法并坚持自己所相信的）符合语境。
20.G　上文提到：你可能已经成为团队中的催化剂，带来了积极的改变。G项（团队中的其他人可能会跟随你的领导并有勇气做正确的事情）符合语境，指出带来的具体改变。
Ⅲ.
Dear Chris，
　　Glad to receive your email asking about the voluntary activity I took part in last week.I’ll tell you some details about it.
　　Our school organized a voluntary activity to help the elderly in the local nursing home， and I got actively involved， talking with the old people and trying my best to amuse them.Looking at their smiling faces， I believe I’ve made a difference to their lives.I also realized the importance of having family close by.I made up my mind that I would spend more time with my grandparents.
Yours，
Li Hua
6 / 6Section Ⅲ　Integrated skills
写一篇表达对“善意的谎言”理解的文章
　　本单元要求写一篇表达对“善意的谎言”理解的文章，属于表达观点类议论文。表达观点类议论文是一种剖析事物、论述事理、发表意见、提出主张的文体。在写作时，主要通过摆事实、讲道理使读者接受作者的观点。写作步骤是：第一段开门见山，描述现象或表明立场，提出自己的观点。中间段落说理论证自己的观点。为了使论证的层次更清晰，可以使用to begin with、what’s more、besides、in addition等衔接性的词语。最后一段再次表达自己的观点。具体写作结构为：
一、写作常用词汇
1.lie vi.& n.　　　　　　　撒谎，谎言
2.awful adj. 糟糕的
3.avoid vt. 避免
4.honest adj. 诚实的
5.truth n. 事实，真相
6.forgive vt. 原谅，宽恕
7.hurt vt. 伤害
8.a crisis of trust 信任危机
9.warmth and encouragement 温暖和鼓励
10.contribute to 有助于
11.the depressing situation 沮丧的现状
12.feel cheated 感到被欺骗
二、写作常用句式（注意加黑部分的表达）
1.What’s the difference between a white lie and a lie？
善意的谎言和谎言之间有什么不同？
2.White lies refer to the little lies that we tell to protect others from the truth.
善意的谎言指的是我们为了保护他人不被真相所伤害而撒的小谎。
3.We tell a friend his new haircut is cool even if we think it’s awful.
我们告诉朋友他的新发型很酷，即使我们认为它很糟糕。
4.Telling a white lie can not only avoid hurting others’ feelings， but it has also magic power to give people much warmth and encouragement.
说善意的谎言不仅可以避免伤害别人的感情，而且它还有魔力，可以给人很多温暖和鼓励。
5.Telling white lies contributes to keeping others from being affected by our depressing situation.
说善意的谎言有助于让别人不受我们沮丧处境的影响。
6.People being lied to may feel cheated and depressed.
被骗的人可能会感到被欺骗和沮丧。
7.If a white lie is discovered， it can lead to a crisis of trust and possibly damage the relationship.
如果善意的谎言被发现，可能会导致信任危机，并可能损害关系。
8.When we tell a white lie， we had better take into consideration what the occasion at that time is and what the result it brings about.
当我们说善意的谎言时，我们最好考虑到当时的情况和它会带来的结果。
9.So I hold the idea that it is necessary to tell white lies in some special situations.
所以我认为在某些特殊情况下说一些善意的谎言是必要的。
10.White lies are harmless and useful and they make this world a more harmonious place.
善意的谎言是无害和有用的，它们使这个世界成为一个更和谐的地方。
　　假定你是李华，今天你班同学就“是否应该对得了不治之症的病人说善意的谎言”的话题展开讨论，同学们意见不一致。请你根据以下要点写一篇文章。
　　1.反对说善意的谎言的同学的观点及理由；
　　2.支持说善意的谎言的同学的观点及理由；
　　3.你的观点。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
第一步：审题谋篇，合理布局
第二步：遣词造句，规范得体
◎核心词汇
1.告知某人某事　　　　　　　　　　
2.事实，真相 　　　　　　　　
3.作出决定 　　　　　　　
4.可以接受的 　　　　　　　　
5.失去希望 　　　　　　　　
6.使情况更糟糕 　　　　　　　　
7.取决于 　　　　　　　　
8.积极的态度 　　　　　　　　
◎遣词造句
1.如果一个病人得了不治之症，他/她是否应该被告知真相？
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
2.有些学生反对。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
3.他们坚持认为，病人应该被告知他们病情的真相，以便他们能够根据自己的健康状况作出适当的决定。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
4.与上述观点相反，一些学生认为善意的谎言是可以接受的。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
5.他们担心一旦被告知病情，病人可能会失去希望，这将使情况变得更糟。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
6.在我看来，人们是否应该说善意的谎言取决于病人是什么样的人。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
7.如果病人有强烈的生存意志和积极的态度，告诉他们真相将有助于治疗。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
第三步：词句升级，彰显文采
1.用定语从句合并句2和句3
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
2.用非限制性定语从句改写句5
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
第四步：检查誊写，连句成篇
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
【即时演练】　
　　假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Anne虽不喜欢朋友送的节日礼物，但仍对朋友说非常喜欢，因此感到不安。她发来邮件询问你对“善意的谎言”的看法和理解，请你给她回复一封邮件。内容包括：
　　1.举例说明什么是“善意的谎言”；
　　2.解释人们说“善意的谎言”的原因；
　　3.提出建议。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式作答。
Dear Anne，
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Yours，
Li Hua
Section Ⅲ　Integrated skills
【典例体验·提素能】
第二步
核心词汇
1.inform sb of sth　2.truth　3.make a decision/decisions
4.acceptable　5.lose hope　6.make the situation worse
7.depend on　8.positive attitudes
遣词造句
1.If a patient is suffering an incurable illness， should he or she be informed of the truth？
2.Some students are against it.
3.They insist that the patients should be informed of the truth of their illness， so that they can make proper decisions according to their health.
4.Contrary to the above belief， some students hold the view that a white lie is acceptable.
5.They worry that once told about their condition， patients may lose their hope， and this will make the situation worse.
6.In my view， whether people should tell a white lie or not depends on what kind of person the patient is.
7.If the patient has a strong will to live and a positive attitude， telling them the truth will be helpful to the treatment.
第三步
1.Some students who are against it insist that the patients should be informed of the truth of their illness， so that they can make proper decisions according to their health.
2.They worry that once told about their condition， patients may lose their hope， which will make the situation worse.
第四步
　　If a patient is suffering an incurable illness， should he or she be informed of the truth？ Today our class have a discussion about it.
　　Some students who are against it insist that the patients should be informed of the truth of their illness， so that they can make proper decisions according to their health.Contrary to the above belief， some students hold the view that a white lie is acceptable.They worry that once told about their condition， patients may lose their hope， which will make the situation worse.
　　In my view， whether people should tell a white lie or not depends on what kind of person the patient is.If the patient has a strong will to live and a positive attitude， telling them the truth will be helpful to the treatment.But if the patient is the opposite， we had better not do so.
即时演练
Dear Anne，
　　I’m sorry to hear that you feel depressed now.What’s a white lie？ For instance， when someone cooks a meal for us that we dislike， we lie and say that the food is delicious.That is a white lie.
　　One main reason for telling a white lie is to make others feel better and another one is to give encouragement.If your friend asks you what you think of his singing， perhaps he wants some comments from you so that he can make himself improved gradually.But you may give him some encouragement and build up his confidence by telling a white lie.Besides， we may also tell a white lie when we want to protect others from bad news.Therefore， we may find white lies are well intended.So why not smile at a white lie？
Yours，
Li Hua
4 / 4(共74张PPT)
Section Ⅲ　Integrated skills
写一篇表达对“善意的谎言”理解的文章
1
写作指导·增底蕴
目 录
2
典例体验 · 提素能
3
课时检测·提能力
写作指导·增底蕴
储备写作素材
1
　　本单元要求写一篇表达对“善意的谎言”理解的文章，属于表达
观点类议论文。表达观点类议论文是一种剖析事物、论述事理、发表
意见、提出主张的文体。在写作时，主要通过摆事实、讲道理使读者
接受作者的观点。写作步骤是：第一段开门见山，描述现象或表明立
场，提出自己的观点。中间段落说理论证自己的观点。为了使论证的
层次更清晰，可以使用to begin with、what’s more、besides、in
addition等衔接性的词语。最后一段再次表达自己的观点。具体写作结
构为：
一、写作常用词汇
1. lie vi.& n. 撒谎，谎言
2. awful adj. 糟糕的
3. avoid vt. 避免
4. honest adj. 诚实的
5. truth n. 事实，真相
6. forgive vt. 原谅，宽恕
7. hurt vt. 伤害
8. a crisis of trust 信任危机
9. warmth and encouragement 温暖和鼓励
10. contribute to 有助于
11. the depressing situation 沮丧的现状
12. feel cheated 感到被欺骗
二、写作常用句式（注意加蓝部分的表达）
1. What’s the difference between a white lie and a lie？
善意的谎言和谎言之间有什么不同？
2. White lies refer to the little lies that we tell to protect others from the
truth.
善意的谎言指的是我们为了保护他人不被真相所伤害而撒的小谎。
3. We tell a friend his new haircut is cool even if we think it’s awful.
我们告诉朋友他的新发型很酷，即使我们认为它很糟糕。
4. Telling a white lie can not only avoid hurting others’ feelings， but
it has also magic power to give people much warmth and
encouragement.
说善意的谎言不仅可以避免伤害别人的感情，而且它还有魔力，可
以给人很多温暖和鼓励。
5. Telling white lies contributes to keeping others from being affected
by our depressing situation.
说善意的谎言有助于让别人不受我们沮丧处境的影响。
6. People being lied to may feel cheated and depressed.
被骗的人可能会感到被欺骗和沮丧。
7. If a white lie is discovered， it can lead to a crisis of trust and possibly
damage the relationship.
如果善意的谎言被发现，可能会导致信任危机，并可能损害关系。
8. When we tell a white lie， we had better take into consideration what
the occasion at that time is and what the result it brings about.
当我们说善意的谎言时，我们最好考虑到当时的情况和它会带来的
结果。
9. So I hold the idea that it is necessary to tell white lies in some special
situations.
所以我认为在某些特殊情况下说一些善意的谎言是必要的。
10. White lies are harmless and useful and they make this world a more
harmonious place.
善意的谎言是无害和有用的，它们使这个世界成为一个更和谐的
地方。
典例体验 · 提素能
点拨写作技法
2
　　2. 支持说善意的谎言的同学的观点及理由；
　　3. 你的观点。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
　　假定你是李华，今天你班同学就“是否应该对得了不治之症
的病人说善意的谎言”的话题展开讨论，同学们意见不一致。请
你根据以下要点写一篇文章。
　　1. 反对说善意的谎言的同学的观点及理由；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
第一步：审题谋篇，合理布局
第二步：遣词造句，规范得体
◎核心词汇
1. 告知某人某事
2. 事实，真相
3. 作出决定
4. 可以接受的
5. 失去希望
6. 使情况更糟糕
7. 取决于
8. 积极的态度
inform sb of sth　
truth　
make a decision/decisions　
acceptable　
lose hope　
make the situation worse　
depend on　
positive attitudes　
◎遣词造句
1. 如果一个病人得了不治之症，他/她是否应该被告知真相？


2. 有些学生反对。

If a patient is suffering an incurable illness， should he or she be
informed of the truth？
Some students are against it.
3. 他们坚持认为，病人应该被告知他们病情的真相，以便他们能够根
据自己的健康状况作出适当的决定。



4. 与上述观点相反，一些学生认为善意的谎言是可以接受的。


They insist that the patients should be informed of the truth of their
illness， so that they can make proper decisions according to their
health.
Contrary to the above belief， some students hold the view that a white
lie is acceptable.
5. 他们担心一旦被告知病情，病人可能会失去希望，这将使情况变得
更糟。


6. 在我看来，人们是否应该说善意的谎言取决于病人是什么样的人。


They worry that once told about their condition， patients may lose
their hope， and this will make the situation worse.
In my view， whether people should tell a white lie or not depends on
what kind of person the patient is.
7. 如果病人有强烈的生存意志和积极的态度，告诉他们真相将有助于
治疗。


If the patient has a strong will to live and a positive attitude， telling
them the truth will be helpful to the treatment.
第三步：词句升级，彰显文采
1. 用定语从句合并句2和句3



2. 用非限制性定语从句改写句5


Some students who are against it insist that the patients should be
informed of the truth of their illness， so that they can make proper
decisions according to their health.
They worry that once told about their condition， patients may lose
their hope， which will make the situation worse.
第四步：检查誊写，连句成篇
　　

　　





　　 　If a patient is suffering an incurable illness， should he or she be
informed of the truth？ Today our class have a discussion about it.　
　　 　Some students who are against it insist that the patients should be
informed of the truth of their illness， so that they can make proper
decisions according to their health.Contrary to the above belief， some
students hold the view that a white lie is acceptable.They worry that once
told about their condition， patients may lose their hope， which will
make the situation worse.　
　　



　　 　In my view， whether people should tell a white lie or not depends
on what kind of person the patient is.If the patient has a strong will to live
and a positive attitude， telling them the truth will be helpful to the
treatment.But if the patient is the opposite， we had better not do so.　
【即时演练】　
　　假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Anne虽不喜欢朋友送的节日礼物，
但仍对朋友说非常喜欢，因此感到不安。她发来邮件询问你对“善意
的谎言”的看法和理解，请你给她回复一封邮件。内容包括：
　　1. 举例说明什么是“善意的谎言”；
　　2. 解释人们说“善意的谎言”的原因；
　　3. 提出建议。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式作答。
Dear Anne，
Yours，
Li Hua
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
参考范文：
Dear Anne，
　　I’m sorry to hear that you feel depressed now.What’s a white
lie？ For instance， when someone cooks a meal for us that we dislike，
we lie and say that the food is delicious.That is a white lie.
　　One main reason for telling a white lie is to make others feel better
and another one is to give encouragement.If your friend asks you what you
think of his singing， perhaps he wants some comments from you so that
he can make himself improved gradually.But you may give him some
encouragement and build up his confidence by telling a white
lie.Besides， we may also tell a white lie when we want to protect others
from bad news.Therefore， we may find white lies are well intended.So
why not smile at a white lie？
Yours，
Li Hua
课时检测·提能力
培育学科素养
3
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
　　Don’t ignore the difference teenagers can make.
　　John Michael Thomas， 14， Florida
　　When John Michael Thomas decided to honor his friend and
classmate Elizabeth Buckley， who died from cancer， he remembered
how much she loved peacocks （孔雀）.He wanted to build a life-sized
peacock fountain in Elizabeth’s favourite park in the city in memory of
his friend.He thought it could be a place for people to relax and be
inspired.John Michael raised 52，000 to build the fountain.
　　The wheels began to turn for Barrett Smith when he heard about
Karma Bike Shop， a place where young people can earn free bikes by
reading and performing community service.
　　Barrett visited Karma’s owner with his idea： He would collect and
repair used bikes and donate them to the shop.
　　He expected to get about 10 donated bikes.In the end， Barrett
received 39.
　　Barrett Smith， 13， Utah
　　Zachary Blohm， 15， Wisconsin
　　The 25-year-old playground at an elementary school near
Milwaukee， Wisconsin was so small that only 70 of its 575 students
could play on it at a time.
　　That’s when Zachary Blohm saved the day （扭转局面）.He and
some volunteers wanted to build a huge playground.To raise money，
Zachary planned T-shirt and bake sales， sold tickets and more.He held
monthly money-raising events for more than a year.Overall， he
collected 130，000 — enough to finish his project.
　　For some people， finding a meal is as simple as opening the
refrigerator.For more than 366，000 hungry kids in New Jersey， it’s
not that easy.
　　That fact didn’t sit well with Jack Zimmerman， who organized a
drive to lessen childhood hunger in his state.His goal： Create 40，000
packaged meals that could be donated to those in need.
　　On game day， Jack and his volunteers started their work.After the
final count， the team had packaged 47，124 meals — well above
Jack’s goal.
　　Jack Zimmerman， 16， New Jersey
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四位青少年的善
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四位青少年的善举。
1. The peacock fountain was built in a park 　　　.（　　）
A. to encourage people
B. to cure a cancer sufferer
C. to protect the animals
D. to cherish the memory of a teenager
解析：　细节理解题。根据John Michael Thomas， 14， Florida
部分中的He wanted to build a life-sized peacock fountain in
Elizabeth’s favourite park in the city in memory of his friend.可知，
孔雀喷泉建在一个公园里，是为了纪念Elizabeth Buckley。
2. What did Barrett do for Karma Bike Shop？（　　）
A. He repaired bikes there.
B. He donated bikes to it.
C. He helped it win customers.
D. He offered a reading service there.
解析：　细节理解题。根据Barrett Smith， 13， Utah部分中的
Barrett visited Karma’s owner with his idea： He would collect and
repair used bikes and donate them to the shop.可知，Barrett为Karma
自行车商店捐赠自行车。
3. What do the four people have in common？（　　）
A. They’re top students.
B. They like various public activities.
C. They are concerned about others.
D. They are money raisers for the poor.
解析：　推理判断题。文中John Michael Thomas为纪念朋友建造
孔雀喷泉，Barrett Smith为车店捐赠自行车，Zachary Blohm为建大
操场筹集资金，Jack Zimmerman为减少饥饿儿童而组织活动。由此
可推断出，这四个人都很有爱心，他们的共同点是关心他人。
B
　　（2024·江苏扬州高二统考期中）The history of humankind is
littered with crafty and seasoned liars.Lying， it turns out， is something
that most of us are highly skilled in.We lie with ease， in ways big and
small， to strangers， co-workers， friends， and loved ones.Being
dishonest is woven into our very fabric， so that it would be truthful to say
that to lie is human.
　　Like learning to walk and talk， lying is something of a
developmental milestone.While parents often find their children’s lies
troubling — for they signal the beginning of a loss of innocence — Kang
Lee， a psychologist， sees the emergence of the behavior in children as a
comforting sign that their cognitive growth is on track.
　　To study lying in children， Lee and his colleagues use a simple
experiment.They ask kids to guess the identity of toys hidden from their
view， based on an audio clue.The sound played has nothing to do with
the toy.“So you play Beethoven， but the toy’s a car，” Lee
explains.The experimenter leaves the room， using the excuse of taking a
phone call — a lie for the sake of science — and asks the child not to peek
at the toy.Returning， the experimenter asks the child for the answer，
following up with the question：“Did you peek or not？”
　　Most children can’t resist peeking.The percentage of the children
who peek and then provide false statements about it depends on their
age.Among two-year-old， only 30 per cent are mendacious.Among
three-year-old， 50 per cent lie.And by eight， about 80 per cent claim
they didn’t peek.
　　What drives this increase in lying is the development of a child’s
ability to put himself or herself in someone else’s shoes.Known as theory
of mind， this is the facility we acquire for understanding the beliefs，
intentions， and knowledge of others.What then might be the best way to
block the rapid advance of untruths into our lives？ The answer isn’t
clear.Technology has opened up a new frontier for dishonesty， adding a
21st-century twist to the age-old problem.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。说谎是人类的天性，文章通过对不
同年龄的孩子进行实验告诉我们，撒谎意味着正常的成长。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。说谎是人类的天性，文章通过对不
同年龄的孩子进行实验告诉我们，撒谎意味着正常的成长。
4. What can we learn about the human tendency to lie？（　　）
A. It is a rare occurrence.
B. It is part of human nature.
C. It emerges in adulthood.
D. It results from human greed.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知，说谎是人
的本性。
5. Which statement will Kang Lee probably agree with？（　　）
A. Children who lie are more likely to fail.
B. Parents should prevent children from lying.
C. Lying in children suggests a normal growth.
D. Lying is a sign of a child’s loss of innocence.
解析：　推理判断题。根据第二段中的Kang Lee， a psychologist， sees the emergence of the behavior in children as a comforting sign that their cognitive growth is on track.可知，Kang Lee认为撒谎意味着正常的成长。
6. What were the children asked to do in the experiment？（　　）
A. Determine the names of the hidden items.
B. Provide false statements about their actions.
C. Hide toys from the view of the experimenter.
D. Guess the link between toys and sound clues.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第三段中的They ask kids to guess the
identity of toys hidden from their view， based on an audio clue.可
知，试验中孩子们被要求断定隐藏着的玩具的名称。
7. What does the underlined word “mendacious” in Paragraph 4
mean？（　　）
A. Cooperative. B. Trustworthy.
C. Irresponsible. D. Untruthful.
解析：　词义猜测题。根据第四段第二句可知，画线词所在句讲
述的是撒谎的孩子的比例，由此推断画线词所在句意为“在两岁的
孩子中，只有30％的孩子说谎了”。因此画线词mendacious意为
“说谎的”，与untruthful同义。
C
　　Not every man is cut out to be a father.If the thought of fatherhood
fills you with fear， maybe it isn’t for you or maybe it’s a sign that you
take the responsibility of fatherhood seriously.
　　As a parent， you are always going to have to trust your instincts
（本能）.There’s no comprehensive rule book on parenting.You’ll
screw up sometimes.Hopefully， your husband or wife will be there to
nudge （鼓励） you in the right direction.And， as in many other aspects
of life， doing the right thing will rarely make you popular.Your kids will
need limits and discipline， and some days they will get angry with you
for it.But the kids know on some level that they need limits and that the
responsible parent who is setting and enforcing them is doing so because
he or she cares.It’s the children whose parents allow them to do anything
they want who often harbour doubts about whether they are really loved.
　　Certainly， we can find meaning in a lot of places in life.But for
most of us who have seen the emergence of a small baby， fatherhood
gives life unparalleled meaning.Parenthood， for a lot of us， may well
be an antidepressant — not because you always feel good， but because
you no longer have any time to sit around feeling bad.Your kids will
always need you in one way or another — first for bottle-feeding， then as
fellow pretend superheroes and to apply Band-Aids to skinned knees， and
then， when they are teenagers， as a free personal Uber service or，
once in a great while， for unexpected deep talks about the meaning of life.
　　I know what I did with my kids day after day， night after night，
year over year， mattered so much.I won’t pretend to have everything
figured out about life， but I did figure out the immeasurable value in
being one link in a great chain of family， stretching back to our ancestors
and continuing into the future， into whatever the world throws at us next.
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。作者探讨了为人父母，特别是作为
一个父亲应尽的义务和应担负的责任以及作为一个父亲的重大意义
和价值。
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。作者探讨了为人父母，特别是作为
一个父亲应尽的义务和应担负的责任以及作为一个父亲的重大意义
和价值。
8. What does the underlined phrase “screw up” in Paragraph 2 mean？
（　　）
A. Mess up. B. Feel down.
C. Stay strong. D. Get inspired.
解析：　词义猜测题。根据第二段第二句及第四句可知，养
育子女没有全面的指导手册，希望你的丈夫或妻子能帮助你向
着正确的方向前进。据此推断，画线短语所在句表示有时候你
会出错。由此可猜测，screw up意为“把……弄糟；出错”，
与mess up意思相近。
9. Which statement will the author probably agree with？（　　）
A. Parenting books are essential for parents.
B. Strict parents are popular with their kids.
C. Disciplining kids is a way to show love.
D. Kids seldom understand parents’ intentions.
解析：　推理判断题。根据第二段中的It’s the children whose
parents allow them to do anything they want who often harbour doubts
about whether they are really loved.可知，作者认为管教孩子是爱的
一种表现。
10. Why does the author mention the things a parent does for kids in
Paragraph 3？（　　）
A. To share some parenting tips.
B. To stress the difficulty of parents.
C. To recall the growth of his kids.
D. To show the value of being a parent.
解析：　推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，父亲的角色赋予
了生命无与伦比的意义，对我们很多人来说，为人父母很可能是
一种抗抑郁剂，你的孩子总是会以这样或那样的方式需要你。由
此推断，作者提到父母为孩子所做的事情是为了说明做父母的重
要性。
11. How does the author mainly feel about fatherhood？（　　）
A. Fearful. B. Stressed.
C. Proud. D. Amused.
解析：　推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，作者认为自己
作为父亲为孩子们做的事情很重要，是家庭延续不可缺少的一部
分，有着不可估量的价值。由此推断，作者为自己的父亲身份感
到自豪。
D
　　People trained to detect lies often rely on multiple signs， such as eye
contact， length of responses and the details in what people say， but
studies have shown that assessing a wide range of behavioural information
can make it harder to decide if someone is lying.Bruno Verschuere at the
University of Amsterdam and his colleagues wondered whether solely
focusing on the detail of statements could provide more consistent results.
　　To test this idea， researchers asked 44 students to go for a walk or
steal from a mock （模仿的） crime.Students were instructed to lie if
they committed the fake theft.
　　Next， the researchers recruited 171 people to watch six truthful and
six deceptive （欺骗的） interviews from these recordings， ranking
interviewees’ eye contact and detail level.The results revealed that both
truth-tellers and liars averted （转移） their gaze a similar amount， but
truthful statements were substantially more detailed than deceptive ones，
suggesting the latter is a more useful way to tell that someone is lying.
　　The researchers then asked 405 people to judge the true nature of six
truthful and six deceptive statements randomly chosen from the
interviews.Around half of the participants used multiple cues to identify
liars.The remaining participants solely ranked the level of detail in
answers on a scale of 1 to 10， with 6 or above counting as truthful.Those
using multiple cues distinguished lies from the truth 59％ of the time，
while those relying solely on detail achieved 66％.
　　“Our take is that using just one cue can provide a simpler way to
judge lies from the truth，” says Verschuere.“Nevertheless， in the real
world， you would probably need to confirm the accuracy of statements
through extra investigations or follow-up questions.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。阿姆斯特丹大学的布鲁诺·维苏耶
雷和他的同事们进行了一项研究，以证实只依靠陈述的细节来识别
说谎者是相对容易的。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。阿姆斯特丹大学的布鲁诺·维苏耶
雷和他的同事们进行了一项研究，以证实只依靠陈述的细节来识别
说谎者是相对容易的。
12. Bruno Verschuere and his colleagues conducted the research to
confirm that 　　　　.（　　）
A. behavioural information played a vital role in finding out the truth
B. it’s relatively easier to identify liars by relying only on the detail of
statements
C. truth-tellers and liars shared something in common when performing
the task
D. people should be trained to detect lies by referring to multiple cues
解析：　细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，布鲁诺·维苏耶
雷和他的同事们进行这项研究是想证实只依靠陈述的细节来识别
说谎者是相对容易的。
13. What can we learn from Paragraphs 3 and 4？（　　）
A. Truthful statements included considerably more details than deceptive
ones.
B. Liars turned away their eyes more often than truth-tellers.
C. It’s difficult for participants to detect liars by using multiple cues like
eye contact.
D. Participants who relied on one cue can distinguish lies from the truth
faultlessly.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第三、四段内容可知，研究结果显
示，说真话的人和说谎者回避目光的程度相似，但真实的陈述比
欺骗性的陈述包含更多的细节。
14. What did Verschuere think of the real-life application of his research？
（　　）
A. It had no potential market.
B. It made no sense.
C. It could be perfectly applied.
D. It had some limitations.
解析：　推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，维苏耶雷指
出在现实世界中，你可能需要通过额外的调查或后续问题来确
认陈述的准确性，即他认为他的研究应用于现实生活中会有一
些局限性。
15. What’s the author’s purpose in writing the passage？（　　）
A. To introduce readers to the classification of lies.
B. To encourage readers to apply the results in real life.
C. To inform readers of scientific findings on detecting liars.
D. To warn readers of psychological harm of telling a lie.
解析：　写作意图题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了评估范
围广泛的行为信息会让判断一个人是否在撒谎变得更加困难，阿
姆斯特丹大学的布鲁诺·维苏耶雷和他的同事们进行了一项研
究，以证实只依靠陈述的细节来识别说谎者是相对容易的。由此
可推知，作者写本文的主要目的是告知读者关于识别说谎者的科
学发现。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
　　Teenage years are one of the most exciting yet confusing stages in a
person’s life.You are no longer a child， yet not quite an adult.16.
（　　） One of them is your pastime.
　　Some pastimes have no moral implications.For example， shall we
play basketball or soccer？17.（　　） Some examples include attending
a party where there will be alcohol and drugs freely given out， lying to
your parents or even skipping school to watch a movie with some
friends.How do you respond？ Will you follow them？
　　Wanting to feel part of a group may force you to do things against
your better judgement.However， it is okay to say no to anything that is
illegal， or potentially causes harm or is hurtful to you or others.18.
（　　） But you do not let that stop you from standing up to peer
pressure and being true to yourself.If your friends are true friends， they
will respect your decision and not force you to join them.
　　There are some steps you may take to keep away from negative peer
pressure.Firstly， stay away from friends who force you to do things that
you know are wrong.Instead， spend more time with friends who share
the same value as you.19.（　　） And if a situation gets out of hand，
do not hesitate to approach an adult you trust for help.
　　It may not always be easy to resist peer pressure， but do know that
you will feel good about yourself later.And even without you realizing
it， you may have been a catalyst in your group to bring about a positive
change.20.（　　）
A. This is when you form a new habit of making friends.
B. Next， be true to yourself and stick to what you believe in.
C. You are at a time of exploration， trying to find out your preferences.
D. These peers no longer have the ability to develop their own personality.
E. You may be afraid to refuse for fear of losing friends or being laughed at.
F. However， there are other choices that need to be made based on your
values in life.
G. Others in your group may just follow your lead and gain courage to do
the right thing.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了青少年时期的一些
特点以及远离消极同伴压力的方法。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了青少年时期的一些
特点以及远离消极同伴压力的方法。
16. C　上文提到了青少年时期是最令人困惑的阶段之一，且下文提
到了消遣，因此本句旨在说明这一阶段的特点，C项（你处在一个探
索的时期，试图找出自己的喜好）符合语境。
17. F　上文提到了不涉及道德判断的消遣，下文的例子则是关于道德
判断的。由此可知，设空处应承上启下，F项符合语境，与上文构成
转折关系，并引出下文的例子。
18. E　根据上文可知，想要融入群体可能会迫使你做一些违背自己
正确判断的事情，下文则提到这并不会阻止你做真实的自己。由此可
推测，本句旨在说明你因为害怕失去朋友或被嘲笑而不敢拒绝。故E
项符合语境。
19. B　上文提到的是远离消极同伴压力的第一点措施，本句应说明
远离消极同伴压力的第二点措施，故B项（其次，忠于自己的想法并
坚持自己所相信的）符合语境。
20. G　上文提到：你可能已经成为团队中的催化剂，带来了积极的
改变。G项（团队中的其他人可能会跟随你的领导并有勇气做正确的
事情）符合语境，指出带来的具体改变。
Ⅲ.应用文写作
　　假定你是李华，你校交换生Chris对你上周参加的志愿者活动
很感兴趣，发来邮件向你询问相关情况。请你给他回一封邮件，
内容包括：
　　1. 活动介绍；
　　2. 你的收获。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式作答。
Dear Chris，
Yours，
Li Hua
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
参考范文：
Dear Chris，
　　Glad to receive your email asking about the voluntary activity I took
part in last week.I’ll tell you some details about it.
　　Our school organized a voluntary activity to help the elderly in the
local nursing home， and I got actively involved， talking with the old
people and trying my best to amuse them.Looking at their smiling faces，
I believe I’ve made a difference to their lives.I also realized the
importance of having family close by.I made up my mind that I would
spend more time with my grandparents.
Yours，
Li Hua
谢谢观看！

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