资源简介 B1U1 TEENAGE LIFEWords and Expressions1．prefer vt．较喜欢；选择某事物(而不选择其他事物)[佳句背诵]International relations are another factor that will affect the decision of Chinese parents and students, as they would prefer to study in countries friendly to China．国际关系是影响中国家长和学生决定的另一个因素，因为他们更愿意到对中国友好的国家学习。[归纳拓展](1)prefer (doing) sth. to (doing) sth. 与（做）某事相比更喜欢（做）某事(2)preference n. 偏爱；优先权；偏爱的事物,have a preference for ... 偏爱……[学以致用](1)单句语法填空①(2022·全国甲卷)Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils, instead __________ (prefer) to use their hands．②(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)We prefer ______________________ (describe) emotional intelligence as a specific set of skills that can be used for either good or bad purposes．③I prefer my English classes ___________ (give) in English only．④The result will help to predict some major and severe diseases and your __________ (prefer) for diet．(2)一句多译孩子们宁愿骑自行车到乡下去，也不愿整天待在家里。⑤The children ______________________________________________ all day．(prefer doing to doing)⑥The children _______________________________________________________ all day．(prefer to do...rather than do...)⑦The children ______________________________________________ all day．(would rather do...than do...)答案：(1)单句语法填空①(2022·全国甲卷)Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils, instead preferring (prefer) to use their hands．②(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)We prefer describing/to describe (describe) emotional intelligence as a specific set of skills that can be used for either good or bad purposes．③I prefer my English classes to be given (give) in English only．④The result will help to predict some major and severe diseases and your preference (prefer) for diet．(2)一句多译孩子们宁愿骑自行车到乡下去，也不愿整天待在家里。⑤The children preferred cycling to the countryside to staying indoors all day．(prefer doing to doing)⑥The children preferred to cycle to the countryside rather than stay indoors all day．(prefer to do...rather than do...)⑦The children would rather cycle to the countryside than stay indoors all day．(would rather do...than do...)Tips:(1)prefer这个词本身不能用于进行时；(2)prefer相当于like...better，意为“更喜爱”，所以prefer不能与比较级连用。2．content n.内容；[pl．]目录；(书、讲话、节目等的)主题；满足 adj.满足的；满意的 vt．使满足[佳句背诵]True happiness comes when we learn to be content with what we have．真正的幸福会在我们学会对自己已经拥有的感到满足时来临。[归纳拓展](1)feel/be content with...对……满足/满意be content to do sth．愿意做某事(2)content oneself with (doing) sth．使自己满足于(做)某事[学以致用](1)单句语法填空①How much time and money would it cost to replace the ________ (content) of that little wallet ②My parents are content _______ (live) in the country, where the air is fresh and clean.③I hold the firm belief that visitors will be content ____ the thoughtful and excellent service．(2)一句多译我们不应该满足于书本上学到的知识。④We shouldn't __________________________________ learned from the books．(content adj.)⑤We shouldn't ____________________________________ learned from the books．(content vt．)答案：(1)单句语法填空①How much time and money would it cost to replace the contents (content) of that little wallet ②My parents are content to live (live) in the country, where the air is fresh and clean.③I hold the firm belief that visitors will be content with the thoughtful and excellent service．(2)一句多译我们不应该满足于书本上学到的知识。④We shouldn't feel/be content with the knowledge learned from the books．(content adj.)⑤We shouldn't content ourselves with the knowledge learned from the books．(content vt．)Tips:content 作“容纳的东西；目录”讲时，常用复数形式；作“含量”讲时用单数形式。3．recommend vt．推荐；建议；介绍；劝告[佳句背诵](2021·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)I've been a big fan of Youth since the day my teacher recommended it to me．从老师向我推荐Youth的那天起，我就一直是Youth的忠实粉丝。[归纳拓展](1)recommend sth．to sb.向某人推荐/介绍某物recommend doing sth．建议做某事recommend sb.to do sth．建议某人做某事recommend that...(should) do sth．建议……做某事It is/was recommended that...(should) do...有人建议……(2)recommendation n.提议；建议；推荐[学以致用](1)单句语法填空①(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)If I had to make just one ______________ (recommend) for where to stay in Rome, it would be Yellow Hostel．②A great many tourist spots can be found along the Yangtze River, and that's why I recommend the trip __ you．③I recommend ______ (make) seat reservations in advance, because this is a popular film and there will be a lot of audience．④He recommended that she ___________ (do) some research and talk to dentists about what a healthier candy would contain.(2)一句多译规定里面建议的是你们不能将邮箱密码告诉别人。⑤___________________ in the regulations is that you (should) not tell other people the password of your email account．(what引导主语从句)⑥_________________ in the regulations that you (should) not tell other people the password of your email account．(包含形式主语的主语从句)答案：(1)单句语法填空①(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)If I had to make just one recommendation (recommend) for where to stay in Rome, it would be Yellow Hostel．②A great many tourist spots can be found along the Yangtze River, and that's why I recommend the trip to you．③I recommend making (make) seat reservations in advance, because this is a popular film and there will be a lot of audience．④He recommended that she (should) do (do) some research and talk to dentists about what a healthier candy would contain.(2)一句多译规定里面建议的是你们不能将邮箱密码告诉别人。⑤What is recommended in the regulations is that you (should) not tell other people the password of your email account．(what引导主语从句)⑥It is recommended in the regulations that you (should) not tell other people the password of your email account．(包含形式主语的主语从句)Tips:recommend和recommendation后接从句时，从句谓语动词常用虚拟语气，即“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。4．advance vt．发展；促进 vi．前进；发展 n.前进；发展[佳句背诵] I would appreciate it very much if you let me know your decision in advance．如果你事先让我知道你的决定，我将不胜感激。[归纳拓展](1)in advance 提前；预先in advance of 在……前面；超过make an advance in sth．在某方面有进步(2)advanced adj.先进的；高级的；高等的[学以致用](1)单句语法填空①(2022·全国乙卷)Very small drones with ________ (advance) sensors and AI and travelling ahead of the train could guide it like a co-pilot．②(2023·浙江卷1月)But no matter when you travel, it's a good idea to make your reservations at least 90 days __ advance．③In the near future, more ________ (advance) in the robot technology will be made by scientists．(2)词汇升级I'd appreciate it if you let me know whether you are available ahead of time．④I'd appreciate it if you let me know whether you are available __________．答案:(1)单句语法填空①(2022·全国乙卷)Very small drones with advanced (advance) sensors and AI and travelling ahead of the train could guide it like a co-pilot．②(2023·浙江卷1月)But no matter when you travel, it's a good idea to make your reservations at least 90 days in advance．③In the near future, more advances (advance) in the robot technology will be made by scientists．(2)词汇升级I'd appreciate it if you let me know whether you are available ahead of time．④I'd appreciate it if you let me know whether you are available in advance．5．attract vt．吸引；引起……的注意(或兴趣)[佳句背诵]We have made up our minds to achieve it, because the dream of going to the first-class university attracts us greatly．因为上一流大学的梦想很吸引我们，所以我们已下定决心来实现它。[归纳拓展](1)attract sb.to sth．吸引某人关注某事attract sb.'s attention 吸引某人的注意力be attracted to sth．喜爱某事物(2)attraction n.吸引(力); 具有吸引力的事物/人a tourist attraction 一个旅游景点(3)attractive adj.有吸引力的；引起兴趣的[学以致用](1)单句语法填空①(2022·全国甲卷)On the other hand, being young and old at the same time has its ___________ (attract)．②This __________ (attract) tour takes you to some of San Francisco's most cheerful holiday scenes．③I was attracted __ swimming because it is an excellent sport where children and adults can develop strength, endurance and flexibility．(2)句式升级She was attracted by the beauty of the West Lake, so she decided to stay another two days．④________________________________________, she decided to stay another two days．(过去分词短语作状语)答案：(1)单句语法填空①(2022·全国甲卷)On the other hand, being young and old at the same time has its attractions (attract)．②This attractive (attract) tour takes you to some of San Francisco's most cheerful holiday scenes．③I was attracted to swimming because it is an excellent sport where children and adults can develop strength, endurance and flexibility．(2)句式升级She was attracted by the beauty of the West Lake, so she decided to stay another two days．④Attracted by the beauty of the West Lake, she decided to stay another two days．(过去分词短语作状语)6．addicted adj.有瘾的；上瘾的；入迷的[佳句背诵]Addicted to playing the violin, he didn't notice the teacher walk into the classroom．他醉心于拉小提琴，没有注意到老师走进教室。[归纳拓展](1)be/become/get addicted to...沉迷于……；热爱……；迷上……(2)addict n.对……入迷的人；吸毒成瘾的人(3)addictive adj.使人上瘾的(4)addiction n.瘾；入迷；嗜好[学以致用](1)单句语法填空①Learning that you are addicted __ table tennis, I am writing to sincerely invite you to join the table tennis team in our school．②He kicked his three-pack-a-day cigarette habit, and overcame his _________ (addict) to alcohol．③You should stop taking this medicine because it is _________ (addict)．(2)句式升级The boy was addicted to computer games, and he didn't want to study．④__________________________, the boy didn't want to study．(形容词短语作状语)答案：(1)单句语法填空①Learning that you are addicted to table tennis, I am writing to sincerely invite you to join the table tennis team in our school．②He kicked his three-pack-a-day cigarette habit, and overcame his addiction (addict) to alcohol．③You should stop taking this medicine because it is addictive (addict)．(2)句式升级The boy was addicted to computer games, and he didn't want to study．④Addicted to computer games, the boy didn't want to study．(形容词短语作状语)7．focus on聚焦于；集中精力于；集中；特别关注[佳句背诵]Focus on spending time that for you is fun and productive．把时间花在对你来说有趣和有成效的事情上。[归纳拓展](1)focus one's attention/eyes/energies on 集中注意力/目光/精力于focus on doing sth．集中精力做某事(2)bring...into focus 使……成为焦点come into focus 成为焦点[学以致用][学以致用](1)单句语法填空①(2022·浙江卷6月)“We focus __ urban areas where access to nature is often not that easy，”says Hartley．②It's reported that the energy consumption of buildings has come ____ focus all over the world．③Things like dishes, clothes and furniture fall into the “secondary footprint”group, so less is more and we can focus on _______ (find) used goods to avoid the added production.(2)一句多译我的心怦怦直跳，眼睛盯着前门。④My heart was pumping, and my eyes ___________________________the front door．⑤My heart was pumping, and I _____________________ the front door．⑥My heart was pumping, _____________________________________ the front door．(with复合结构)⑦My heart was pumping, __________________________________ the front door．(独立主格结构)答案：(1)单句语法填空①(2022·浙江卷6月)“We focus on urban areas where access to nature is often not that easy，”says Hartley．②It's reported that the energy consumption of buildings has come into focus all over the world．③Things like dishes, clothes and furniture fall into the “secondary footprint”group, so less is more and we can focus on finding (find) used goods to avoid the added production.(2)一句多译我的心怦怦直跳，眼睛盯着前门。④My heart was pumping, and my eyes are focused/fixed/concentrated on the front door．⑤My heart was pumping, and I focused/fixed my eyes on the front door．⑥My heart was pumping, with my eyes focused/fixed/concentrated on the front door．(with复合结构)⑦My heart was pumping, eyes focused/fixed/concentrated on the front door．(独立主格结构)8．so that引导目的状语从句[佳句背诵]If you are interested, please sign up at the office before 5：00 p．m．next Thursday so that we can be well prepared．如果您感兴趣，请在下周四下午5点之前到办公室报名，以便我们做好充分的准备。[归纳拓展](1)so that引导目的状语从句时，从句中常和情态动词may/might, can/could, should, would等连用，能和in order that换用。(2)so that还可以引导结果状语从句，意为“因此，所以”。[学以致用](1)单句语法填空①I explained every step of the process in detail, which made it possible for them _____________ (understand) how to make tea．②I consider it no use ___________ (quarrel) with him about it because he is too stubborn.③Susan made __ clear to me that she wished to make a new life for herself．(2)句式升级I think reading in bed is no good, which does great harm to your eyes．④I think __________________ in bed, which does great harm to your eyes．(it作形式宾语)答案：(1)单句语法填空①(2022·全国乙卷)With their ability to see ahead, they could signal any problem, __ that fast-moving trains would be able to react in time．(2)同义句转换Parents and children should communicate more so that they can understand each other better．②Parents and children should communicate more _____________ they can understand each other better．答案：(1)单句语法填空①(2022·全国乙卷)With their ability to see ahead, they could signal any problem, so that fast-moving trains would be able to react in time．(2)同义句转换Parents and children should communicate more so that they can understand each other better．②Parents and children should communicate more in order that they can understand each other better．9．make it＋adj./n.＋for sb.to do sth．[佳句背诵] The use of computers has made it possible for more people to work at home．电脑的使用使更多人在家办公成为可能。[归纳拓展](1)make＋it＋形容词/名词＋that从句make＋it＋形容词/名词＋to do sth．make＋it＋no good/no use/no value...＋doing sth．(2)除了make之外，常用于这种句型的其他动词还有：think, consider, find, feel等。[学以致用](1)单句语法填空①I explained every step of the process in detail, which made it possible for them _____________ (understand) how to make tea．②I consider it no use ___________ (quarrel) with him about it because he is too stubborn.③Susan made __ clear to me that she wished to make a new life for herself．(2)句式升级I think reading in bed is no good, which does great harm to your eyes．④I think __________________ in bed, which does great harm to your eyes．(it作形式宾语)答案：(1)单句语法填空①I explained every step of the process in detail, which made it possible for them to understand (understand) how to make tea．②I consider it no use quarrelling (quarrel) with him about it because he is too stubborn.③Susan made it clear to me that she wished to make a new life for herself．(2)句式升级I think reading in bed is no good, which does great harm to your eyes．④I think it no good reading in bed, which does great harm to your eyes．(it作形式宾语)题目：七选五(模拟)It's the start of a new academic year and there's every reason to go back to school — or at least acquire a new skill．Start with art．If you've always fancied yourself as a bit of a Picasso, consider joining an art class． 1 For example, you'll meet like minded people and boost your self esteem．Speak a foreign language．Just back from a holiday and feeling ashamed of your attempts to speak Spanish to waiters 2 Research shows that learning a foreign language can possibly delay dementia (痴呆) and that it still benefits even if you take up a foreign tongue later in life．3 Signing up for a healthy cooking course will teach you about nutrition as well as how to rustle up delicious meals．In this way, you may give your family a big surprise with your carefully prepared dishes．Take photos to feel good．Enrolling on a photography course to take better pictures could improve your mental health．According to researchers, taking a photo a day and posting it online is beneficial． 4 Besides, they may see the world differently and get out of their usual routine．Pick up an instrument．Scientists find that playing an instrument engages practically every area of the brain at once．As with other workout, disciplined and structured practice in playing instruments strengthens the brain functions． 5 Many researches about the benefits of playing instruments have advanced our understanding of mental function．A．Be a master chef．B．Learn to instruct your family．C．It helps people to connect with others．D．Get up the courage and believe in yourself．E．Brushing up your language skills could be what you need．F．Trying your hand at it has many positive psychological effects．G．Besides, expressing yourself musically can also lower stress levels．题目：七选五答案：FEACGB1U2 TRAVELLING AROUNDWords and Expressions1．apply vi．& vt．申请；请求 vt．应用；涂(油漆、乳剂)[佳句背诵]Having heard that a Chinese Painting Exhibition will be held in this local city, I am writing to apply to be a volunteer in your team．听说一场中国画展览将在本市举行，我写信申请成为贵队的一名志愿者。[归纳拓展](1)apply (to...) for...(向…… ) 申请……apply...to...把……应用于……中；把……涂到……上apply to...适应；适用于……apply oneself to (doing) sth．集中精力于(做)某事(2)application n.请求；申请；申请表；应用(3)applicant n.申请人(4)applicable adj.适合的，适用的be applicable to sb./sth．适用于某人/某物[学以致用](1)单句语法填空①(2022·全国乙卷)First announced in April, 2016, the tax which applies __ soft drinks containing more than 5g of sugar per 100ml, was introduced to help reduce childhood obesity (肥胖)．②(2022·北京卷)Shortly after I received his invitation, ____________ (apply) to join the Youth for Nature and the Youth for Planet groups were sent around through my high school．③(2021·浙江卷6月)The study showed the animals had figured out how to apply what they learned about human faces during training __ new faces in the testing stage．④I am writing to apply ___ the position as a history teacher that you advertised in China Daily of April 2nd．⑤You will pass your exams if you really apply yourself to ______________ (study)．⑥(2022· 浙江卷1月)She also admitted that a relatively small number of women were studied, all of whom were from Sweden, so the results might not be __________ (apply) to other groups．(2)句式升级If you apply yourself to your study, you will pass your exam．⑦____________________________, and you will pass your exam．(祈使句)⑧_______________________________, you will pass your exam．(动词-ing形式作状语)答案：(1)单句语法填空①(2022·全国乙卷)First announced in April, 2016, the tax which applies to soft drinks containing more than 5g of sugar per 100ml, was introduced to help reduce childhood obesity (肥胖)．②(2022·北京卷)Shortly after I received his invitation, applications (apply) to join the Youth for Nature and the Youth for Planet groups were sent around through my high school．③(2021·浙江卷6月)The study showed the animals had figured out how to apply what they learned about human faces during training to new faces in the testing stage．④I am writing to apply for the position as a history teacher that you advertised in China Daily of April 2nd．⑤You will pass your exams if you really apply yourself to studying/study (study)．⑥(2022· 浙江卷1月)She also admitted that a relatively small number of women were studied, all of whom were from Sweden, so the results might not be applicable (apply) to other groups．(2)句式升级If you apply yourself to your study, you will pass your exam．⑦Apply yourself to your study, and you will pass your exam．(祈使句)⑧Applying yourself to your study, you will pass your exam．(动词-ing形式作状语)Tips:apply oneself to 意为“致力于；集中精力于”，同义短语有：focus on; concentrate on; devote oneself to等。2．recognise vt．辨别出；承认；认可[佳句背诵]My hometown had changed so much that I could hardly recognise it．我的家乡变化如此大以至于我几乎认不出它来了。[归纳拓展](1)recognise sb./sth．认出某人；识别出某物be recognised as/to be 被认为是……It is recognised that...……是公认的/人们认识到……(2)recognition n.认出；认识beyond recognition 认不出来(3)recognisable adj.可辨认的；可认出的[学以致用](1)单句语法填空①(2022·全国乙卷)They simply insist on mutual (相互的) ___________ (recognise) and regard．②(2022·北京卷)Gas naturally has no ____________ (recognise) smell．③(2021·全国乙卷)Komodo National Park, officially __________ (recognise) in 1980, is popular for ecotourism because of its unique biodiversity．④I haven't seen Sara since she was a little girl, and she has changed ______ recognition.(2)完成句子⑤_____________________ the traffic jam has become a serious problem to citizens．人们认识到交通堵塞已成为市民面临的一个严重问题。⑥Zhong Nanshan ______________________ one of the greatest doctors in the medical field in China．钟南山被公认为是中国医学领域最伟大的医学家之一。答案：(1)单句语法填空①(2022·全国乙卷)They simply insist on mutual (相互的) recognition (recognise) and regard．②(2022·北京卷)Gas naturally has no recognisable (recognise) smell．③(2021·全国乙卷)Komodo National Park, officially recognised (recognise) in 1980, is popular for ecotourism because of its unique biodiversity．④I haven't seen Sara since she was a little girl, and she has changed beyond recognition.(2)完成句子⑤It is recognised that the traffic jam has become a serious problem to citizens．人们认识到交通堵塞已成为市民面临的一个严重问题。⑥Zhong Nanshan is recognised as/to be one of the greatest doctors in the medical field in China．钟南山被公认为是中国医学领域最伟大的医学家之一。Tips:表示“认为……是……”的短语还有：regard...as...; consider...as...; see...as...; view...as...; think of...as...; look on...as...; treat...as...等。3．admire vt．钦佩；赞赏；欣赏；观赏[佳句背诵]My deskmate admires my fluent English very much and I usually feel encouraged by his compliments．我的同桌非常欣赏我流利的英语，他的称赞通常使我感到很受鼓舞。[归纳拓展](1)admire sb.for (doing) sth．因(做)某事羡慕/钦佩某人(2)admiration n.钦佩；赞美；羡慕express/have admiration for sb./sth．羡慕/钦佩某人/某物(3)admirable adj.可钦佩的；值得赞赏的[学以致用](1)单句语法填空①(2021·浙江卷6月)The __________ (admire) and respect his uncle earned inspired Nielsen to make a career (职业) in acting．②We admire the old scientist ___ his great contributions to the country．(2)完成句子③(2021·浙江卷6月写作)Through the exhibition, __________________________________________, but also you can understand the art of traditional Chinese painting better．通过展览，你不仅可以欣赏到精彩的画作，还可以更好地了解中国传统绘画艺术。答案：(1)单句语法填空①(2021·浙江卷6月)The admiration (admire) and respect his uncle earned inspired Nielsen to make a career (职业) in acting．②We admire the old scientist for his great contributions to the country．(2)完成句子③(2021·浙江卷6月写作)Through the exhibition, not only can you admire wonderful pictures, but also you can understand the art of traditional Chinese painting better．通过展览，你不仅可以欣赏到精彩的画作，还可以更好地了解中国传统绘画艺术。Tips:(1)admire后不接双宾语或that引导的宾语从句，但可接疑问词引导的从句。(2)admire后不接带不定式的复合结构，即不能用admire sb.to do sth．，可用admire sb./sb.'s doing sth．。4．request n.(正式或礼貌的)要求；请求 vt．(正式或礼貌地)要求；请求[佳句背诵]At their request, I made a presentation to show them how to make tea．应他们的要求，我做了一个演示，向他们展示如何泡茶。[归纳拓展](1)make (a) request for...请求/要求……at one's request 应某人的要求(2)request sb.to do sth．请求某人做某事request that...(should) do sth．要求/请求……做某事It is requested that...(should) do sth． 据要求……[学以致用](1)单句语法填空①(2022·浙江卷6月)They were polite ________ (request) for the latest game or toy．②She had requested the community _______ (turn) it into a museum upon her death．③We should consider the students' request that the school library ________________ (provide) more books on popular science．④__ your request, I am writing to tell you some ways to learn Chinese well．(2)句型转换I requested that my teammates should be well prepared for the football match．⑤I ___________________ my teammates should be well prepared for the football match．(request n.)答案：(1)单句语法填空①(2022·浙江卷6月)They were polite requests (request) for the latest game or toy．②She had requested the community to turn (turn) it into a museum upon her death．③We should consider the students' request that the school library (should) provide (provide) more books on popular science．④At your request, I am writing to tell you some ways to learn Chinese well．(2)句型转换I requested that my teammates should be well prepared for the football match．⑤I made a request that my teammates should be well prepared for the football match．(request n.)Tips:动词request后的宾语从句以及名词request后的表语从句、同位语从句都要用虚拟语气，即谓语动词用“(should＋)动词原形”。5．view n.视野；景色；看法 vt．观看；看待[佳句背诵](2021·浙江卷1月写作)First, a tour of our campus is scheduled, during which you can enjoy the lovely view of the lake behind the main teaching building．首先，我们安排了一次校园之旅，其间你可以欣赏到主教学楼后面的湖的美丽景色。[归纳拓展](1)in view 在视野中come into view 看得见；进入视野in view of 鉴于；考虑到in one's view/from one's point of view 在某人看来have a good view of 清楚地看到；饱览take/hold the view that...持……的观点(2)view...as...把……看作……[学以致用](1)写出下列句中view的词性及含义①(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷听力)Also, people aren't willing to change their views about food and nutrition as there is so much confusing information online． ______②When the old man opened the window, a stranger with a high hat came into view． ______③While climbing the mountain, we enjoyed the warm sunshine and the beautiful view． ______④I got an opportunity to view the movie before it was shown. ________⑤(2022· 浙江卷1月)Travelling to conferences，lectures，workshops，and the like — frequently by plane — is viewed as important for scientists to get together and exchange information. ________(2)完成句子⑥We'll start with climbing the mountain, to take in fresh air and _______________________________ along the way．我们将从爬山开始，呼吸新鲜空气，欣赏沿途令人叹为观止的景色。⑦________________________________, I strongly recommend a trip to the Yangtze River．在我看来，我强烈推荐去长江旅游。答案：(1)写出下列句中view的词性及含义①(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷听力)Also, people aren't willing to change their views about food and nutrition as there is so much confusing information online． n.观点②When the old man opened the window, a stranger with a high hat came into view． n.视野③While climbing the mountain, we enjoyed the warm sunshine and the beautiful view． n.风景④I got an opportunity to view the movie before it was shown. vt．观看⑤(2022· 浙江卷1月)Travelling to conferences，lectures，workshops，and the like — frequently by plane — is viewed as important for scientists to get together and exchange information. vt．认为(2)完成句子⑥We'll start with climbing the mountain, to take in fresh air and to enjoy the breathtaking views along the way．我们将从爬山开始，呼吸新鲜空气，欣赏沿途令人叹为观止的景色。⑦In my view/From my point of view, I strongly recommend a trip to the Yangtze River．在我看来，我强烈推荐去长江旅游。6．take control of 控制；接管[佳句背诵]And above all, believe in yourself and your ability to take control of your health and your future．最重要的是，相信你自己，相信你有能力管理好自己的健康和未来。[归纳拓展]lose control of 失去对……的控制out of control失去控制；不听约束in control (of) 控制，掌握；管理in the control of...受……控制under control 情况正常；处于控制之下under the control of...受……的管辖/控制beyond control 难以控制；无法控制[学以致用](1)单句语法填空①The children have been completely ___ of control since their father left．②I shall put an experienced teacher in charge of that class to keep the children _____ control．③You shouldn't have lost control __ your temper on such an occasion.(2)一句多译在他父亲退休之后，他掌管着公司。④After his father retired, he ___________________________．(take control of)⑤After his father retired, he _____________________________．(be in control of)答案：(1)单句语法填空①The children have been completely out of control since their father left．②I shall put an experienced teacher in charge of that class to keep the children under control．③You shouldn't have lost control of your temper on such an occasion.(2)一句多译在他父亲退休之后，他掌管着公司。④After his father retired, he took control of the company．(take control of)⑤After his father retired, he was in control of the company．(be in control of)7．make up构成；形成；组成；弥补；编造；化妆；和好；整理[佳句背诵]In some languages, 100 words make up half of all words used in daily conversations．在一些语言中，100个词就构成了一半的日常会话用语。[归纳拓展]be made up of＝consist of 由……组成make up for 补偿，弥补make up one's mind 下定决心make out 理解；辨认出make full use of 充分利用[学以致用](1)写出下列句中make up的含义①The medical team was made up of twelve doctors． __________②You must work harder to make up for the hours lost to playing．____③Now many girls like to make up when they are still quite young． ____④After they quarrelled many times, it was hard for them to make up．____⑤I think it's very unkind of you to make up stories about him． ____⑥They told the servants to make up a bed for the princess． ____(2)一句多译(2020·全国Ⅰ卷写作)我们班由50名活泼的男孩和女孩组成，刘老师对我们每个人都很严格。⑦Our class ______________________________________, and Mr Liu is strict with each of us．(be made up of)⑧Our class ____________________________________, and Mr Liu is strict with each of us．(consist of)答案：(1)写出下列句中make up的含义①The medical team was made up of twelve doctors． 由……构成②You must work harder to make up for the hours lost to playing． 弥补③Now many girls like to make up when they are still quite young． 化妆④After they quarrelled many times, it was hard for them to make up．和好⑤I think it's very unkind of you to make up stories about him． 编造⑥They told the servants to make up a bed for the princess． 整理(2)一句多译(2020·全国Ⅰ卷写作)我们班由50名活泼的男孩和女孩组成，刘老师对我们每个人都很严格。⑦Our class is made up of 50 lively boys and girls, and Mr Liu is strict with each of us．(be made up of)⑧Our class consists of 50 lively boys and girls, and Mr Liu is strict with each of us．(consist of)8．It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他部分[佳句背诵](2020·全国Ⅰ卷写作)It's her friendliness and the sense of responsibility that make me admire her．是她的友善和责任感让我钦佩她。[归纳拓展](1)强调句型的基本结构：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子其他部分。多用于强调句子主语、宾语和状语。(2)强调句型的一般疑问句：Is/Was it＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子其他部分？(3)强调句型的特殊疑问句：疑问词(被强调部分)＋is/was＋it＋that＋句子其他部分？(4)not...until...结构的强调句型：It is/was not until...that...。[学以致用](1)单句语法填空①_____ was it that your brother managed to pass the maths exam last week He's always so lazy．②It is our inner interest and enthusiasm ____ allow us to make brilliant progress in English．③Was __ because Jack came late for school that Mr Smith got angry (2)句式升级She didn't mention her own plan until near the end of the letter．④________________________________________________________________.(强调句)答案：(1)单句语法填空①How was it that your brother managed to pass the maths exam last week He's always so lazy．②It is our inner interest and enthusiasm that allow us to make brilliant progress in English．③Was it because Jack came late for school that Mr Smith got angry (2)句式升级She didn't mention her own plan until near the end of the letter．④It was not until near the end of the letter that she mentioned her own plan.(强调句)[佳句背诵]As time went on, he contented himself with a simple life．随着时间的推移，他满足于简朴的生活。[归纳拓展]as作连词的主要用法有：(1)引导时间状语从句，意为“当……时候；一边……一边……；随着”。(2)引导原因状语从句，意为“因为；既然”。(3)引导方式状语从句，意为“如同；按照”。(4)引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管”，常用倒装语序，可与though互换。[学以致用](1)写出下列句中as的含义①They sang as they were doing the farm work．____________________________②In brief, do as the Chinese do when in China． ____③Child as he is, he has a good command of English． ____④You can't continue training, as you haven't recovered from your knee injury． ____(2)句式升级(2020·全国Ⅱ卷写作)Although the activity was challenging, everyone enjoyed it and benefited a lot from it．⑤_________________________________, everyone enjoyed it and benefited a lot from it．(倒装句)答案：(1)写出下列句中as的含义①They sang as they were doing the farm work．当……时候；一边……一边……②In brief, do as the Chinese do when in China． 按照③Child as he is, he has a good command of English． 尽管④You can't continue training, as you haven't recovered from your knee injury． 因为(2)句式升级(2020·全国Ⅱ卷写作)Although the activity was challenging, everyone enjoyed it and benefited a lot from it．⑤Challenging as/though the activity was, everyone enjoyed it and benefited a lot from it．(倒装句)题目：完形填空(模拟)You may 1 why I travel so much and why I've been to so many countries．Well, for me, I really love it．For another, my mind really longs for new, and 2 things．There are a lot of ways to 3 newness in your life, but going to 4 places and meeting new people is one of the best．Now, we have been to Europe many times, so maybe it doesn't sound like such a new experience． 5 ， this time was quite different for us, and I think I 6 it even better．This time we took a cruise (游轮) ship called the Viking．The staff did so much for their 7 ．They arranged all the land tours at 8 stops, and they served great food and drinks．They were also always there to 9 any question that passengers might have．Having the cruise 10 take care of all the details really took the pressure off our minds and reduced the 11 on our bodies．Whether you choose to take a cruise ship, a plane 12 ， or a road trip, I highly 13 that you do more travelling, 14 now that we can travel so much more than we had been in the past couple of years．It'll be good for your mind and your 15 ．1．A．predict B．wonderC．report D．doubt2．A．orderly B．similarC．difficult D．different3．A．show B．receiveC．contact D．invent4．A．novel B．importantC．objective D．certain5．A．However B．ThereforeC．Instead D．Otherwise6．A．want B．wishC．like D．do7．A．employers B．passengersC．interviewers D．agents8．A．curious B．variousC．central D．horrible9．A．answer B．raiseC．guess D．expect10．A．boss B．companyC．stuff D．staff11．A．weight B．balanceC．effect D．stress12．A．seat B．riskC．ride D．try13．A．demand B．recommendC．analyse D．permit14．A．especially B．absolutelyC．gradually D．occasionally15．A．schedule B．goalC．future D．spirit题目：完形填空答案：【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过自己旅行的经历，建议人们要多旅行，多去接触新事物和结识新朋友。1．B 根据空后的why推测，前面应有提问，所以想知道(wonder)符合题意，故选B。2．D 根据and前面的new推断出其后的形容词应该和它表达的意思相近，所以不同的(different)符合语境，故选D。3．C 根据语境可知，生活中有很多方式去接触(contact)新事物，故选C。4．A 根据上文“在你的生活中，接触新事物的方式有很多”推测，去新奇的(novel)地方是接触新事物的方式之一，故选A。5．A 根据上文“Now, we have been to Europe many times, so maybe it doesn't sound like such a new experience．”和下文“this time was quite different for us”可知，前后的关系是转折，所以然而(However)符合语境。故选A。6．C 上文作者陈述自己喜欢旅行，渴望接触新事物，而这次去欧洲却感觉不一样，所以应该是更喜欢(like)它了，故选C。7．B 根据上文“This time we took a cruise (游轮) ship called the Viking．”可知是在游轮上，所以工作人员是为乘客(passengers)做了很多事情，故选B。8．B 根据语境可知，此处指各种各样的(various)站点，故选B。9．A 根据上文“They arranged all the land tours at __8__ stops, and they served great food and drinks．”可知，游轮上提供很好的旅行安排和食物，他们的服务一定很好，所以也总是及时回答(answer)乘客的问题，故选A。10．D 根据常识可知，负责照管游轮上所有琐事的人应是工作人员(staff)，故选D。11．D 空前说的减轻了思想上的压力，那么与此同时，也减轻了身体上的压力(stress)，故选D。12．C 分析句子结构可知，乘坐游轮和乘坐飞机是并列的，表示乘飞机旅行应用ride，故选C。13．B 作者应该是建议(recommend)大家多旅行，故选B。14．A 根据语境可知，作者是向读者推荐旅行，尤其(especially)是强调与几年前相比，我们现在可以进行更多的旅游，故选A。15．D 上文提到旅行会减轻思想上和身体上的压力，所以此处应该是强调旅行对我们的思想和精神(spirit)都有好处，故选D。B1U3 SPORTS AND FITNESSWords and Expressions1．honour n.荣誉；尊敬；荣幸 vt．尊重；以……为荣[佳句背诵](2021·全国乙卷写作)It's a great honour for me to stand here and address my speech titled “Be smart online learners”．我很荣幸能站在这里发表我的题为“做聪明的在线学习者”的演讲。[归纳拓展](1)in honour of...为了纪念……have the honour of doing sth.＝have the honour to do sth.有幸做某事It's one's honour to do sth.某人很荣幸做某事。(2)sb.be/feel honoured to do/that...某人感到做……很荣幸(3)honourable adj.可敬的；值得钦佩的[学以致用](1)单句语法填空①The dinner was given __ honour of the new president of the company．②I feel ________ (honour) to be invited to give you a lecture on how to improve English reading ability．(2)一句多译我很荣幸能和你分享我们学校体育锻炼的情况。③As for the physical exercise in our school, it's ______________________________．(honour n.)④As for the physical exercise in our school, ____________________________________．(feel honoured to do sth.)答案：(1)单句语法填空①The dinner was given in honour of the new president of the company．②I feel honoured (honour) to be invited to give you a lecture on how to improve English reading ability．(2)一句多译我很荣幸能和你分享我们学校体育锻炼的情况。③As for the physical exercise in our school, it's my honour to share it with you．(honour n.)④As for the physical exercise in our school, I feel honoured to share it with you．(feel honoured to do sth.)2．injure vt．使受伤；损害[佳句背诵]To our relief, no one was injured in this terrible storm．使我们感到宽慰的是，在这场可怕的风暴中没有人受伤。[归纳拓展](1)injured adj.受伤的；有伤的the injured 伤员(2)injury n.伤害；损伤do sb.an injury/do an injury to sb.伤害某人[学以致用](1)单句语法填空①Due to his ______ (injure), he had no choice but to give up the opportunity．②A month before my first marathon, one of my ankles ___________ (injure) and this meant not running for two weeks, leaving me only two weeks to train.③The injured _________ (send) to hospital shortly after the accident．(2)句式升级My left foot was seriously injured, so I can't go with you as planned．④___________________________________, I can't go with you as planned．(with 复合结构)答案:(1)单句语法填空①Due to his injury (injure), he had no choice but to give up the opportunity．②A month before my first marathon, one of my ankles was injured (injure) and this meant not running for two weeks, leaving me only two weeks to train.③The injured were sent (send) to hospital shortly after the accident．(2)句式升级My left foot was seriously injured, so I can't go with you as planned．④With my left foot seriously injured, I can't go with you as planned．(with 复合结构)3．determination n.决心；决定[佳句背诵]It's that kind of courage and determination that makes him such a remarkable character．正是那种勇气和决心使他成为这样卓越的人。[归纳拓展](1)determine v．(使)下决心，(使)做出决定；决定；测定；确定；查明determine to do sth.决定做某事(动作)determine that...决心/决定……determine on/upon (doing) sth.决定(做)某事(2)determined adj.有决心的；坚决的；坚定的[学以致用](1)单句语法填空①(2021·浙江卷1月)Unfortunately we forgot to weigh them before taking out their insides, but I was determined ________ (prove) my point．②Li Hua is very fond of travelling, so he determines ________ (cycle) to Tibet with his friend, Wang Ming．③(2021·浙江卷6月)He built a hugely successful career with little more than plain old hard work and _____________ (determine)．④She was a brave and __________ (determine) girl with rich imagination.⑤___________ (determine) where we are in relation to our surroundings remains an essential skill for our survival．(2)句式升级I am determined to perform well in the final exam, so I'm occupied in preparing for it．⑥__________________________ in the final exam, I'm occupied in preparing for it．(过去分词短语作状语)答案：(1)单句语法填空①(2021·浙江卷1月)Unfortunately we forgot to weigh them before taking out their insides, but I was determined to prove (prove) my point．②Li Hua is very fond of travelling, so he determines to cycle (cycle) to Tibet with his friend, Wang Ming．③(2021·浙江卷6月)He built a hugely successful career with little more than plain old hard work and determination (determine)．④She was a brave and determined (determine) girl with rich imagination.⑤Determining (determine) where we are in relation to our surroundings remains an essential skill for our survival．(2)句式升级I am determined to perform well in the final exam, so I'm occupied in preparing for it．⑥Determined to perform well in the final exam, I'm occupied in preparing for it．(过去分词短语作状语)4．strength n.力量；体力；长处，优势[佳句背诵]Practising Chinese kung fu can not only build up one's strength, but also develop one's character．练中国功夫不但能增强体质，还能培养一个人的品性。[归纳拓展](1)build up one's strength 增强体质strengths and weaknesses 优点和缺点(2)strong adj.坚强的；强壮的(3)strengthen v．加强；增强；巩固[学以致用](1)单句语法填空①(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport Or do you just want to be physically fit, able to move with ________ (strong) and flexibility ②One idea is that sleep helps us __________ (strong) new memories．③As a good teacher, you should know your students' _________ (strength) and weaknesses．(2)完成句子④________________________, we often hold all kinds of activities, such as playing basketball and table tennis, in the school gym．为了强身健体，我们经常在学校的体育馆组织各种各样的活动，例如：打篮球、打乒乓球等。⑤By participating in such activities, we improve our skills and _______________________________.通过参加这样的活动，我们提高了我们的技能，加强了我们的合作意识。答案：(1)单句语法填空①(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport Or do you just want to be physically fit, able to move with strength (strong) and flexibility ②One idea is that sleep helps us strengthen (strong) new memories．③As a good teacher, you should know your students' strengths (strength) and weaknesses．(2)完成句子④To build up our strength, we often hold all kinds of activities, such as playing basketball and table tennis, in the school gym．为了强身健体，我们经常在学校的体育馆组织各种各样的活动，例如：打篮球、打乒乓球等。⑤By participating in such activities, we improve our skills and strengthen our sense of cooperation.通过参加这样的活动，我们提高了我们的技能，加强了我们的合作意识。5．compete vi．竞争；对抗[佳句背诵]Life is like a long race where we compete with others to go beyond ourselves．生活就像长跑，我们与别人竞争来超越自己。[归纳拓展](1)compete in...参加……比赛compete with/against...与……竞争compete for...为……竞争(2)competition n.竞争；比赛(3)competitive adj.有竞争力的；竞争的(4)competitor n.竞争者；对手[学以致用](1)单句语法填空①(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)With a workout partner, you will increase your training effort as there is a subtle (微妙) ___________ (compete)．②(2020·全国Ⅱ卷写作)Meanwhile, I competed ____________ my friends to see who picks the fruit with the fastest speed and best quality．③(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)Museums must compete ___ people's spare time and money with other amusements．④I want to prove that I can be just as good as, if not better than, my ___________ (compete)．(2)完成句子⑤I'm writing to inform you that _______________________________ the National League．我写信是为了告诉你我们队将要参加全国联赛。答案：(1)单句语法填空①(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)With a workout partner, you will increase your training effort as there is a subtle (微妙) competition (compete)．②(2020·全国Ⅱ卷写作)Meanwhile, I competed with/against my friends to see who picks the fruit with the fastest speed and best quality．③(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)Museums must compete for people's spare time and money with other amusements．④I want to prove that I can be just as good as, if not better than, my competitors (compete)．(2)完成句子⑤I'm writing to inform you that our team is going to compete in the National League．我写信是为了告诉你我们队将要参加全国联赛。6．pretend vi．& vt．假装；装扮[佳句背诵](2021·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)She shook Father who was pretending to snore．她摇了摇假装打鼾的父亲。[归纳拓展]pretend[学以致用](1)单句语法填空①So I carried around a book, and each night, just to be like her, I would pretend _____________ (read)．②He would ask who we were and pretend not _______ (know) us．③Jim pretended ______________ (solve) the difficult problem and left the company．④I had been lying to myself, __________ (pretend) that everything was fine．(2)同义句转换Tom pretended that he hadn't heard about the news, but in fact he knew it very well last week．⑤Tom ___________________________ about the news, but in fact he knew it very well last week．答案:(1)单句语法填空①So I carried around a book, and each night, just to be like her, I would pretend to be reading (read)．②He would ask who we were and pretend not to know (know) us．③Jim pretended to have solved (solve) the difficult problem and left the company．④I had been lying to myself, pretending (pretend) that everything was fine．(2)同义句转换Tom pretended that he hadn't heard about the news, but in fact he knew it very well last week．⑤Tom pretended not to have heard about the news, but in fact he knew it very well last week．7．stress n.压力；紧张；重音 vt．强调；重读；使焦虑不安 vi．焦虑不安[佳句背诵](2022·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)This talk show aims to help students release stress through relaxing talks．这个谈话节目旨在帮助学生通过轻松的谈话来释放压力。[归纳拓展](1)lay/put/place stress on sth.把重点放在某事上；强调某事under stress在压力之下under the stress of...为……所迫(2)stress the importance of...强调……的重要性(3)stressed adj.焦虑不安的；感到有压力的(4)stressful adj.压力重的；紧张的[学以致用](1)单句语法填空①Real Chinese cuisine places stress __ colour, smell, taste, form and sound．②If you feel ________ (stress) by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify those of greater and less importance．③It is also a virtue to forgive and forget, especially in such a competitive and _________ (stress) society．④When _____ stress, even a most gentle person can be bad-tempered and get angry easily．(2)一句多译老师经常强调勤奋在通往成功之路上的重要性。⑤Teachers often ________________________ diligence in the approach to success．(stress v．)⑥Teachers often _______________________ diligence in the approach to success．(stress n.)答案：(1)单句语法填空①Real Chinese cuisine places stress on colour, smell, taste, form and sound．②If you feel stressed (stress) by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify those of greater and less importance．③It is also a virtue to forgive and forget, especially in such a competitive and stressful (stress) society．④When under stress, even a most gentle person can be bad-tempered and get angry easily．(2)一句多译老师经常强调勤奋在通往成功之路上的重要性。⑤Teachers often stress the importance of diligence in the approach to success．(stress v．)⑥Teachers often lay/put/place stress on diligence in the approach to success．(stress n.)8．give up 放弃；投降[佳句背诵]Losing games taught him to practise harder and never give up．输掉比赛教会了他更加努力地练习，永不放弃。[归纳拓展]give in 屈服；投降；让步；上交give out 分配；分发；用光；筋疲力尽；发出(声音、信号等)give off 放出；发出(光、热、气味等)give away 泄露；赠送[学以致用](1)用give的相关短语填空①I tried to persuade him to _______ smoking, but failed．②The children were required to _______ their exam papers immediately．③Bicycles are environmentally friendly because they won't ________ waste gas．④After two days, our food ________, and we had to return to the camp．(2)完成句子⑤That weekend, we went to a nearby neighbourhood and __________________________________．那个周末，我们去了附近的一个社区并把它们捐赠给那里的人们。答案：(1)用give的相关短语填空①I tried to persuade him to give up smoking, but failed．②The children were required to give in their exam papers immediately．③Bicycles are environmentally friendly because they won't give off waste gas．④After two days, our food gave out, and we had to return to the camp．(2)完成句子⑤That weekend, we went to a nearby neighbourhood and gave them away to the people there．那个周末，我们去了附近的一个社区并把它们捐赠给那里的人们。9．make sense有道理；合乎情理；表述清楚[佳句背诵]She doesn't talk much, but what she says makes sense．她讲话不多， 但言之有理。[归纳拓展]make sense of...了解……的意义；懂得……make no sense 没道理；没意义in a sense 在某种意义上common sense 常识in no sense 决不(用在句首时，句子用部分倒装)There is no sense in doing sth.(口语)做某事是没有道理的。[学以致用](1)单句语法填空①(2021·浙江卷1月)I hear him making sense __ friendship and its limits．②There is no sense in ___________ (complain)．We should take action now．③__ no sense should you lose heart; keep trying and you will make it sooner or later．(2)词汇升级There are so many new words in the passage that I can hardly understand them at all．④There are so many new words in the passage that I can hardly _____________ them at all．答案：(1)单句语法填空①(2021·浙江卷1月)I hear him making sense of friendship and its limits．②There is no sense in complaining (complain)．We should take action now．③In no sense should you lose heart; keep trying and you will make it sooner or later．(2)词汇升级There are so many new words in the passage that I can hardly understand them at all．④There are so many new words in the passage that I can hardly make sense of them at all．10．make a difference有作用或影响[佳句背诵]Only when we match our words with actions can we make a difference in whatever we hope to accomplish．只有我们言行一致，才能对我们希望完成的事情有所突破。[归纳拓展](1)make a difference to 对……有作用/有影响make some/no/little difference (to...) (对……)有/没有/很少有作用或影响(2)tell the difference (between...and...) 辨别/区分(……与……)[学以致用](1)单句语法填空①(2022·北京卷)His presentation not only awed and inspired me, but also helped emerge an inner desire to make _ difference in the world．②The twins are so alike; it's difficult to tell the difference _______ them．(2)词汇升级I will help clean up the roadside litter whenever possible．I hope my behaviour will work．③I will help clean up the roadside litter whenever possible．I hope my behaviour will _________________．答案：(1)单句语法填空①(2022·北京卷)His presentation not only awed and inspired me, but also helped emerge an inner desire to make a difference in the world．②The twins are so alike; it's difficult to tell the difference between them．(2)词汇升级I will help clean up the roadside litter whenever possible．I hope my behaviour will work．③I will help clean up the roadside litter whenever possible．I hope my behaviour will make a difference．11．compare...to/with...与……比较[佳句背诵]Comparing wealth to/with happiness, I favour the latter．把财富和幸福相比，我更喜欢后者。[归纳拓展](1)compare v．比较；匹敌；把……比作 n.比较compare...to/with...把……比作……compared to/with...与……比较起来，较之……(通常作状语)beyond/without compare 无与伦比(2)comparison n.比较；对照；比喻in comparison with 与……相比[学以致用](1)单句语法填空①You can compare your actual timetable _______ the planned one to see how well you actually use your time．②(2023·浙江卷1月)_________ to other alternatives, it's comfortable and relaxing．③__________ (compare) Chinese cultures with overseas cultures is a challenging job, but you will learn a lot from it．(2)一句多译比较不同品牌的质量，你就知道该怎么做出选择。④___________________________________ and you will know how to make a choice．(祈使句)⑤_____________________________________, you will know how to make a choice．(动词-ing形式短语作状语)答案：(1)单句语法填空①You can compare your actual timetable to/with the planned one to see how well you actually use your time．②(2023·浙江卷1月)Compared to other alternatives, it's comfortable and relaxing．③Comparing (compare) Chinese cultures with overseas cultures is a challenging job, but you will learn a lot from it．(2)一句多译比较不同品牌的质量，你就知道该怎么做出选择。④Compare the quality of different brands and you will know how to make a choice．(祈使句)⑤Comparing the quality of different brands, you will know how to make a choice．(动词-ing形式短语作状语)12．rather than 连接两个并列成分[佳句背诵](2022·全国乙卷写作)Therefore, students should spare more time for English reading rather than watching movies or listening to music too much．因此，学生应该抽出更多的时间来阅读英语，而不是看太多电影或听太多音乐。[归纳拓展](1)rather than意为“与其；不愿；而不是”，连接两个并列成分，可连接名词、代词、介词（短语）、谓语动词、动词 ing形式及不定式。(3)or rather更确切地说(4)other than除……之外(5)more than很，非常，超过，不仅仅[学以致用](1)单句语法填空①You rather than I ___ (be) to make a speech at the meeting．②Most men prefer to spend the weekends at home rather than __ (go) shopping．③Very quickly, she learned to appreciate life rather than ________ (judge) everything so harshly．(2)一句多译如果我不得不放弃其中一个，我会关掉电视而不是关掉我的手机。④If I had to give up one of them, I _____________________________________________ my cellphone．(prefer)⑤If I had to give up one of them, I ____________________________________________ my cellphone．(would rather)⑥If I had to give up one of them, I ____________________________________________ my cellphone．(rather than)答案：(1)单句语法填空①You rather than I are (be) to make a speech at the meeting．②Most men prefer to spend the weekends at home rather than go (go) shopping．③Very quickly, she learned to appreciate life rather than to judge (judge) everything so harshly．(2)一句多译如果我不得不放弃其中一个，我会关掉电视而不是关掉我的手机。④If I had to give up one of them, I would prefer to turn off the TV rather than switch off my cellphone．(prefer)⑤If I had to give up one of them, I would rather turn off the TV than switch off my cellphone．(would rather)⑥If I had to give up one of them, I would turn off the TV rather than switch off my cellphone．(rather than)Tips:rather than连接两个名词或代词作主语及其附属成分时，谓语动词应与rather than前面的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致。13．sb./sth.seems/seemed＋不定式[佳句背诵](2022·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)The gentle breeze and singing birds seem to cheer for him．柔和的微风和歌唱的鸟儿似乎在为他欢呼。[归纳拓展]“sb./sth.seems/seemed ＋不定式”是固定句型，表示“某人/某物看来……/好像……”，该句型可转化为It seems/seemed that...。含seem的相关句型，常用的还有：It seems＋adj./n.＋to do sth.做某事看起来好像……It seems as if/as though...看起来好像……There seem(s) (to be)...看起来有……[学以致用](1)单句语法填空①There doesn't seem _____ (be) much hope of our beating that team．②I seem ____________ (leave) my book at home．③It seems difficult ________ (learn) so many new words by heart in such a short time．(2)同义句转换He seems to be fit for the present job．④_____________ he is fit for the present job．答案：(1)单句语法填空①There doesn't seem to be (be) much hope of our beating that team．②I seem to have left (leave) my book at home．③It seems difficult to learn (learn) so many new words by heart in such a short time．(2)同义句转换He seems to be fit for the present job．④It seems that he is fit for the present job．题目：语法填空(模拟)Reducing the number of calories every day is the ticket to good health．It works in lab animals．It also works in human 1．________ (being)．The name of the method is “caloric restriction”．It increases the life length of animals．It even reduces their rate of cancer and other diseases 2．________ happen as people age．Reducing calories usually 3．________ (make) a difference to young and middle aged adults．Researchers looked into 4．________ group of healthy men and women aged between 21 and 50．Members of the group agreed to reduce calories for two years．They could eat the foods they wanted as long as they cut back 5．________ the total amount of food they ate．They 6．________ (expect) to cut calories by 25 percent by the researchers．Many could not do it．The average calorie reduction was twelve percent．That is a reduction of 7．________ (approximate) 300 calories a day．But it worked．Those 8．________ (practise) calorie reduction lost weight and body fat．Their blood pressure fell a little．Fewer calories lead to better health．Does it lead to a longer life and 9．________ (little) sickness A doctor said the diet would have to last a long time 10．________ (find) out the answer to this question．Researchers would have to study people for a lifetime to know whether the diet keeps them well and alive longer．题目：语法填空答案：1．beings 2．that/which 3．makes 4．a 5．on6．were expected 7．approximately 8．practising9．less 10．to findB1U4 NATURAL DISASTERSWords and Expressions1．affect vt．影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动[佳句背诵]With the development of the society, Internet voting has become more and more popular, gradually affecting people's life in all respects．随着社会的发展，网络投票已经变得越来越流行，逐渐在各方面影响人们的生活。[归纳拓展](1)be affected by...被……侵袭；被……感动be affected with high fever发高烧(2)effect n.作用；影响；效果；结果have an effect/influence/impact on对……产生影响(3)affection n.[U]喜爱；钟爱；慈爱have an affection for 喜欢；喜爱[学以致用](1)单句语法填空①(2020·江苏卷)Best of all, humor raises your energy, and that can have an effect __ everything you do at school, at work, or in your personal life．②________ (affect) with a serious disease, he was no longer able to speak clearly and he knew there was no hope of recovery．③I feel much _________ (affect) for my mum, whose words and actions have a positive effect on me．④(2022·浙江卷1月)I felt so helpless and insecure because the quality of my life ____________ (affect)．(2)句式升级Many young people were deeply affected by his story and began to do voluntary work for the disabled．⑤__________________ his story, many young people began to do voluntary work for the disabled．(过去分词短语作状语)答案(1)单句语法填空①(2020·江苏卷)Best of all, humor raises your energy, and that can have an effect on everything you do at school, at work, or in your personal life．②Affected (affect) with a serious disease, he was no longer able to speak clearly and he knew there was no hope of recovery．③I feel much affection (affect) for my mum, whose words and actions have a positive effect on me．④(2022·浙江卷1月)I felt so helpless and insecure because the quality of my life was affected (affect)．(2)句式升级Many young people were deeply affected by his story and began to do voluntary work for the disabled．⑤Deeply affected by his story, many young people began to do voluntary work for the disabled．(过去分词短语作状语)2．ruin n.& vt．破坏；毁坏[佳句背诵]Some bad factors are ruining the future of film industry, so great efforts should be made to attract more audience．一些不好的因素正在破坏着电影产业的未来，因此电影产业应该做出巨大努力来吸引更多观众。[归纳拓展](1)(lie/be) in ruins 严重受损；破败不堪be reduced to ruins 沦为废墟(2)ruin oneself 毁掉自己；自取灭亡ruin one's health/fame/future 毁坏某人的健康/声誉/前途[学以致用](1)单句语法填空①With time going on, the castle which once was very beautiful is now completely __ ruins．②Shortly after suffering from a massive earthquake and being reduced __ ruins, the city took on a new look．(2)句式升级He made a mistake, which ruined his chance of going abroad．③He made a mistake, ______________________________．(动词-ing形式短语作状语)答案(1)单句语法填空①With time going on, the castle which once was very beautiful is now completely in ruins．②Shortly after suffering from a massive earthquake and being reduced to ruins, the city took on a new look．(2)句式升级He made a mistake, which ruined his chance of going abroad．③He made a mistake, ruining his chance of going abroad．(动词-ing形式短语作状语)Tips:ruin, damage, destroy的用法区别：(1)ruin多用于借喻中，指毁坏价值、用途等。它还可作名词，常用短语in ruins“严重受损；破败不堪”；(2)damage表示不一定全部毁坏，且损坏部分能修复。damage作名词时，常用短语do/cause damage to“对……造成损害”；(3)destroy指彻底毁坏以致很难修复，其名词形式是destruction。3．bury vt．埋葬；安葬[佳句背诵]Though buried in books these days, I have still joined several student clubs in order to improve myself．虽然这些天我埋头读书，但我还是加入了几个学生俱乐部以提高自己。[归纳拓展](1)be buried in/bury oneself in埋头于；专心于be buried in thought沉思(2)bury one's face in one's hands 双手掩面[学以致用](1)单句语法填空①______ (bury) in his study, he wasn't aware that all the others had left．②_______ (bury) his face in his hands, he tried to control his weeping．(2)句式升级He sat at a wooden table and was buried in reading．③He sat at a wooden table, _______________．(过去分词短语作状语)④He sat at a wooden table, ______________________．(动词-ing形式短语作状语)答案(1)单句语法填空①Buried (bury) in his study, he wasn't aware that all the others had left．②Burying (bury) his face in his hands, he tried to control his weeping．(2)句式升级He sat at a wooden table and was buried in reading．③He sat at a wooden table, buried in reading．(过去分词短语作状语)④He sat at a wooden table, burying himself in reading．(动词-ing形式短语作状语)4．suffer vt．遭受；蒙受 vi．(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦[佳句背诵]At the front door stood her dear husband who suffered great anxiety when Jane was nowhere to be found．她亲爱的丈夫站在前门，当简不知所踪时，他非常焦急。[归纳拓展](1)suffer pain/defeat/hardship/damage 遭受痛苦/失败/艰难/损坏suffer from 遭受；患病(2)suffering n.痛苦；苦难；折磨；让人痛苦的事(3)sufferer n.患难者；患病者[学以致用](1)单句语法填空①(2020·江苏卷)Later, he worked in Africa, where many people suffered ____ blindness for lack of proper treatment．②It is hard to imagine the pain and __________ (suffer) these poor people went through during the winter months．(2)句式升级John has suffered from lung cancer for many years．He has decided to give up smoking．③__________________________________________, John has decided to give up smoking．(动词-ing形式短语作状语)答案(1)单句语法填空①(2020·江苏卷)Later, he worked in Africa, where many people suffered from blindness for lack of proper treatment．②It is hard to imagine the pain and sufferings (suffer) these poor people went through during the winter months．(2)句式升级John has suffered from lung cancer for many years．He has decided to give up smoking．③Having suffered from lung cancer for many years, John has decided to give up smoking．(动词-ing形式短语作状语)Tips:(1)suffer用作及物动词，表示“遭受；蒙受”，其后常接pain, loss, defeat, poverty, hunger, punishment, hardship, damage等名词作宾语。(2)suffer用作不及物动词，其后常接from，表示“受……之苦；患某种疾病”。5．supply n.供应(量)；补给；[pl.] 补给品 vt．供应；供给[佳句背诵]That squirrel worked very hard to gather his winter supply of food．那只松鼠非常努力地收集过冬的食物。[归纳拓展](1)supply sth.to sb.＝supply sb.with sth.向某人提供某物(2)be in short supply 短缺a large supply of/large supplies of大量……的供应[学以致用](1)单句语法填空①The natural resources, such as coal and oil, are __ short supply in this country．②What happens when food and gasoline ________ (supply) run low (2)一句多译我们学校网站每天为我们提供大量的信息。③Our school website _____________________________ every day．(supply...to...)④Our school website ______________________________ every day．(supply...with...)答案(1)单句语法填空①The natural resources, such as coal and oil, are in short supply in this country．②What happens when food and gasoline supplies (supply) run low (2)一句多译我们学校网站每天为我们提供大量的信息。③Our school website supplies much information to us every day．(supply...to...)④Our school website supplies us with much information every day．(supply...with...)Tips:表示“为某人提供某物”的短语还有：①provide sb.with sth.＝provide sth.for sb.②offer sb.sth.＝offer sth.to sb.6．survive vi．生存；存活 vt．幸存；艰难度过[佳句背诵]To help them survive, we need to preserve their habitats．为了帮助它们生存，我们需要保护它们的栖息地。[归纳拓展](1)survive sth.幸免于；从……中挺/活过来survive from 从……存活下来；流传下来(2)survivor n.幸存者(3)survival n.[U]幸存；[C]残存物[学以致用](1)单句语法填空①After the plane crash, what the _________ (survive) could do was to wait for rescue on this desert island．②If he couldn't find his way out of the forest, there would be little chance of ________ (survive)．(2)句式升级After we survived that night, we were confident that everything else would be all right．③__________________________, we were confident that everything else would be all right．(动词-ing形式短语作状语)答案(1)单句语法填空①After the plane crash, what the survivors (survive) could do was to wait for rescue on this desert island．②If he couldn't find his way out of the forest, there would be little chance of survival (survive)．(2)句式升级After we survived that night, we were confident that everything else would be all right．③Having survived that night, we were confident that everything else would be all right．(动词-ing形式短语作状语)Tips:survive 表示“幸免于难”时，是及物动词，其后不需要加介词in或from。7．power n.电力供应；能量；力量；控制力[佳句背诵](2022·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)With the power to conquer himself, he can conquer anything on the way to a promising future．有了征服自己的力量，他就能在通往美好未来的道路上征服一切。[归纳拓展](1)be in power 掌权，执政(表示状态)come to/into power 上台，执政(表示动作)in/within one's power 在某人的能力/权力范围之内out of/beyond one's power 超出某人的能力do all/everything in one's power 尽力而为；竭尽全力have the power to do sth.有能力做某事(2)powerful adj.强有力的，强大的[学以致用](1)单句语法填空①Unfortunately, it's ______ my power to get through the work in such a short time．②After the new president came _______ power, he took a series of measures to improve people's life．③(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)Jennifer is a first-generation graduate and an inspiration to her family — and that's pretty ________ (power)．④Though he has been __ power for two years, he hasn't found an effective solution to the country's economic problems．(2)词汇升级I'll try my best to perform well in the volunteer job．⑤I'll ___________________________ to perform well in the volunteer job．答案(1)单句语法填空①Unfortunately, it's beyond my power to get through the work in such a short time．②After the new president came to/into power, he took a series of measures to improve people's life．③(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)Jennifer is a first-generation graduate and an inspiration to her family — and that's pretty powerful (power)．④Though he has been in power for two years, he hasn't found an effective solution to the country's economic problems．(2)词汇升级I'll try my best to perform well in the volunteer job．⑤I'll do all/everything in my power to perform well in the volunteer job．Tips:表示“竭尽全力做某事”的常用表达还有：①make every effort to do sth.②spare no effort to do sth.8．strike vi．& vt．(struck, struck/stricken)侵袭；突击；击打；敲；(使)突然想起 n.罢工；罢课；袭击[佳句背诵]All the international students were deeply struck by my introduction.所有的国际学生都被我的介绍深深地迷住了。[归纳拓展](1)be struck by...被……打动/迷住了It strikes/occurs to/hits sb.that...某人想到……strike...into one's heart 使……刻骨铭心strike sb.in/on＋the＋身体部位 打某人某部位(2)be/go on strike 在/进行罢工[学以致用](1)写出下列句中strike的词性及含义①She was practising surfing when a shark struck． _______②The visitors were struck by the beauty of the country． _______③I heard the clock striking eight when I woke up this morning．_________④It struck me that I would have an important meeting in Shanghai the next day． _______________⑤The workers will go on strike if the demands they put forward are turned down. ______(2)一句多译男孩忽然间想起他还没有完成作业，立刻上了楼。⑥______________________ he had not finished his homework and went upstairs immediately．(strike)⑦___________________ he had not finished his homework and went upstairs immediately．(hit)⑧________________________ he had not finished his homework and went upstairs immediately．(occur)答案(1)写出下列句中strike的词性及含义①She was practising surfing when a shark struck． v．袭击②The visitors were struck by the beauty of the country． v．打动③I heard the clock striking eight when I woke up this morning．v．(钟)敲④It struck me that I would have an important meeting in Shanghai the next day． v．(使)突然想起⑤The workers will go on strike if the demands they put forward are turned down. n.罢工(2)一句多译男孩忽然间想起他还没有完成作业，立刻上了楼。⑥It struck the boy that he had not finished his homework and went upstairs immediately．(strike)⑦It hit the boy that he had not finished his homework and went upstairs immediately．(hit)⑧It occurred to the boy that he had not finished his homework and went upstairs immediately．(occur)9．put up 提供；提出；建造；举起；提高；张贴；留宿[佳句背诵]A week before Earth Day, posters were put up around our school, calling upon us to join in the actions for a greener Earth．地球日的前一周，我们学校周围张贴了多张海报，呼吁我们加入绿色地球的行动中。[归纳拓展]put up with 容忍；忍受put forward 提出(意见、建议)put on 穿上；上演put off 推迟；延期put away 放好(某物)；储存put down 放下；写下；镇压put aside...储存……备用[学以致用](1)写出下列句中put up的含义①First he opened a shop and then put up a sign outside the shop to attract customers． ____②Those who know the answer to the question, please put up your hands． ____③They agreed to put two foreign students up over the summer． ____④The government has promised that taxes will not be put up again this year． ____⑤(2023·浙江卷1月)Solar developers want to put up panels as quickly and cheaply as possible, so they haven't given much thought to what they put under them． ____(2)完成句子⑥I can ___________ the house's being untidy, but I hate it if it's not clean.我可以容忍房间里不整齐，但是我讨厌房间里不干净。⑦The students have ________________________ that need to be solved at once．学生们提出了许多需要马上解决的问题。⑧Every year children ____________________________________ to buy New Year's presents．每年孩子们都会留出一些零花钱来买新年礼物。答案(1)写出下列句中put up的含义①First he opened a shop and then put up a sign outside the shop to attract customers． 张贴②Those who know the answer to the question, please put up your hands． 举起③They agreed to put two foreign students up over the summer． 留宿④The government has promised that taxes will not be put up again this year． 提高⑤(2023·浙江卷1月)Solar developers want to put up panels as quickly and cheaply as possible, so they haven't given much thought to what they put under them． 建造(2)完成句子⑥I can put up with the house's being untidy, but I hate it if it's not clean.我可以容忍房间里不整齐，但是我讨厌房间里不干净。⑦The students have put forward a lot of questions that need to be solved at once．学生们提出了许多需要马上解决的问题。⑧Every year children put aside some of their pocket money to buy New Year's presents．每年孩子们都会留出一些零花钱来买新年礼物。10．主语＋be＋adj.＋to do[佳句背诵]The future is a dream, which is pleasant to look forward to, but what we have is now．未来是一个梦，憧憬未来是令人愉快的，但现在才是我们所拥有的。[归纳拓展]“主语＋be＋adj.＋to do”句式有以下特点：(1)不定式说明主语在哪些方面存在形容词所表示的特点或性质。(2)不定式所表示的动作虽与句子的主语之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，但通常以主动形式表示被动含义。(3)如果不定式为不及物动词，则后面要有相应的介词。(4)该句式中常用的形容词有：easy, hard, difficult, comfortable, (im)possible, pleasant, interesting, exciting, important等。[学以致用](1)单句语法填空①The problem looks rather easy, but in fact it is very hard to deal ____．②The story is very interesting for the students _______ (read)．(2)完成句子③Among the four seasons in a year, summer is my favourite．The morning air __________________．在一年的四个季节中，夏天是我最喜欢的。早晨的空气呼吸起来棒极了。④Although the lady looks elegant, actually she ___________________________．尽管这位女士看上去很优雅，但实际上却很难与之相处。答案(1)单句语法填空①The problem looks rather easy, but in fact it is very hard to deal with．②The story is very interesting for the students to read (read)．(2)完成句子③Among the four seasons in a year, summer is my favourite．The morning air is good to breathe．在一年的四个季节中，夏天是我最喜欢的。早晨的空气呼吸起来棒极了。④Although the lady looks elegant, actually she is hard to get along with．尽管这位女士看上去很优雅，但实际上却很难与之相处。11．be doing...when...正在做……，这时突然……[佳句背诵]He was still smiling when the door opened and his wife came in.他正笑着的时候，门突然开了，他的妻子走了进来。[归纳拓展](1)be about to do...when...＝be on the point of doing...．when...正要做……，这时突然……(2)had (just) done...when...刚做了……，这时突然……[学以致用](1)单句语法填空①He was about to go to school ____ a strong wind began to blow．②The children ____________ (play) football on the playground when it began to rain.③She ____________ (finish) her homework when her mother asked her to practise playing the piano yesterday．(2)同义句转换They were on the point of giving up when the captain encouraged them fiercely to save the ship．④They __________________________ the captain encouraged them fiercely to save the ship．答案(1)单句语法填空①He was about to go to school when a strong wind began to blow．②The children were playing (play) football on the playground when it began to rain.③She had finished (finish) her homework when her mother asked her to practise playing the piano yesterday．(2)同义句转换They were on the point of giving up when the captain encouraged them fiercely to save the ship．④They were about to give up when the captain encouraged them fiercely to save the ship．题目：应用文写作假如你是中学生李华，上周一你们班举行了一次地震知识演讲比赛，请你根据你所学的知识写一篇关于如何在地震中保护自身安全的演讲稿。内容要点如下：1．在教室时怎样做；2．在家时怎样更安全；3．在街上时要注意什么。注意：1．词数80左右；2．题目和开头已给出，不计入总词数。What to Do During an Earthquake As we all know, earthquake is a terrible kind of natural disaster．So what should we do when an earthquake comes ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【参考范文】What to Do During an Earthquake As we all know, earthquake is a terrible kind of natural disaster． So what should we do when an earthquake comes When an earthquake starts, students in the classroom should get under the desks immediately and wait until the teacher tells them it is safe to come out．However, for those who are at home, get immediately under the table in the living room or kitchen．Don't go anywhere near the window and don't go out onto the balcony．If you are in the street when an earthquake happens, don't stand near buildings, fences or walls．Move quickly to a large open place to wait．Remember that standing under trees could also be dangerous．B1U5 LANGUAGES AROUND THE WORLDWords and Expressions1．base vt．以……为据点；以……为基础 n.底部；根据[佳句背诵](2020·全国Ⅲ卷写作)These days, I, together with my classmates, have adapted a short play based on the English text．这些天，我和我的同学一起根据英语课文改编了一个短剧。[归纳拓展](1)base...on/upon...把……建立在……基础之上be based on/upon...以……为基础；根据……(2)basis n.基础；基本原则；根据；基点on the basis of...根据……；在……的基础上(3)basic adj.基本的；基础的；初级的；根本的(4)based adj.以(某事)为基础的；以……为重要部分(或特征)的(5)basically adv．本质上；基本上；(口)说白了；说穿了[学以致用](1)单句语法填空①(2022·浙江卷1月)My choices _________ (base) on the lifestyle I want．②_____ (base) on this understanding, we have a good deal of control and responsibility over our carbon footprint．③______ (base) an important decision more on emotion than on reason, you will regret it sooner or later．④As far as I'm concerned, common hobbies are the _____ (base) of making friends．⑤They have to have a _____ (base) understanding of computers in order to use the advanced technology．(2)句式升级The movie was based on a real-life incident．And it turned out to be a success．⑥The movie _________________________ turned out to be a success．(过去分词短语作定语)⑦_________________________, the movie turned out to be a success．(过去分词短语作状语)答案(1)单句语法填空①(2022·浙江卷1月)My choices are based (base) on the lifestyle I want．②Based (base) on this understanding, we have a good deal of control and responsibility over our carbon footprint．③Basing (base) an important decision more on emotion than on reason, you will regret it sooner or later．④As far as I'm concerned, common hobbies are the basis (base) of making friends．⑤They have to have a basic (base) understanding of computers in order to use the advanced technology．(2)句式升级The movie was based on a real-life incident．And it turned out to be a success．⑥The movie based on a real-life incident turned out to be a success．(过去分词短语作定语)⑦Based on a real-life incident, the movie turned out to be a success．(过去分词短语作状语)2．variety n.(植物、语言等的)变体；异体；多样化[佳句背诵]There is a wide variety of patterns to choose from．有种类繁多的图案可供选择。[归纳拓展](1)各种各样的(2)vary vi．变化vary in sth.在(大小、形状等)方面不同；在某方面有差异vary with...随……变化、改变vary from...to...从……到……不等；在……到……之间变动(3)various adj.各种各样的；多姿多彩的；不同的(4)varied adj.各种各样的；形形色色的[学以致用](1)单句语法填空①After a few greetings, we talked about a variety __ topics, including our hobbies and interesting people we met．②(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷听力)It was also great to work in _______ (variety) labs, such as directors, writers and so on.③_________ (vary) of celebrations will be organised to display the agricultural harvest．④The research team is made up of the pupils, whose ages ____ (various) from 10 to 15．(2)词汇升级/句式升级Our school has built a new stadium．It has all kinds of well-equipped facilities．⑤Our school has built a new stadium, _____________________________________________________________．(定语从句)答案(1)单句语法填空①After a few greetings, we talked about a variety of topics, including our hobbies and interesting people we met．②(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷听力)It was also great to work in various (variety) labs, such as directors, writers and so on.③Varieties (vary) of celebrations will be organised to display the agricultural harvest．④The research team is made up of the pupils, whose ages vary (various) from 10 to 15．(2)词汇升级/句式升级Our school has built a new stadium．It has all kinds of well-equipped facilities．⑤Our school has built a new stadium, which has various/varieties of/a variety of well-equipped facilities．(定语从句)Tips:a variety of (varieties of)既可修饰可数名词，也可修饰不可数名词，该短语修饰可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；修饰不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。3．major adj.主要的；重要的；大的 n.主修课程；主修学生 vi．主修；专门研究[佳句背诵](2020·全国Ⅰ卷写作)In fact, he inspires me to major in English in college, to be a bridge between China and the world．事实上，他鼓励我在大学主修英语专业，做中国与世界之间的桥梁。[归纳拓展](1)major in...主修……；以……为专业(2)majority n.大多数；大半a/the majority of...大多数……in the/a majority 占多数(3)minority n.少数in the/a minority 占少数[学以致用](1)单句语法填空①The majority of the land __________________ (destroy) so far．②Some of the plays told sad stories, but the majority of the plays ____ (be) really funny．③I hope to gain a bit more knowledge of gardening so that it can help me to major __ the gardening after attending college．(2)完成句子④When I have a different opinion, I may choose to give it up and respect ____________________________．当我有不同意见时，我可能选择放弃，尊重大多数人的意见。答案(1)单句语法填空①The majority of the land has been destroyed (destroy) so far．②Some of the plays told sad stories, but the majority of the plays were (be) really funny．③I hope to gain a bit more knowledge of gardening so that it can help me to major in the gardening after attending college．(2)完成句子④When I have a different opinion, I may choose to give it up and respect the opinions of the majority．当我有不同意见时，我可能选择放弃，尊重大多数人的意见。Tips:the majority of后接复数名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；后接不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；后接集合名词作主语时，若集合名词视为整体，则谓语动词用单数形式，若集合名词考虑个体，则谓语动词用复数形式。4．means n.方式；方法；途径[佳句背诵]The quality of life has improved and watching films is regarded as a good means of entertainment．生活质量提高了，看电影被认为是一种很好的娱乐方式。[归纳拓展]by this means用这种方法by means of通过；用；借助于by no means决不；一点也不(放在句首时，句子部分倒装)by all means (用于交际英语中表示同意)当然可以；没问题；务必[学以致用](1)单句语法填空①(2021·全国乙卷)Plastic straws are __ no means the biggest source (来源) of plastic pollution...②(2020·江苏卷)—Do you know anything about Zhang Zhongjing —By ___ means．He has been honored as a master doctor since the Eastern Han Dynasty．③Students sometimes support themselves by means __ doing part-time jobs．④Every possible means ___ (have) been used to prevent the air pollution, but the sky is still not clear．(2)同义句转换The problem is by no means as simple as we first thought．⑤By no means ______________ as simple as we first thought．答案(1)单句语法填空①(2021·全国乙卷)Plastic straws are by no means the biggest source (来源) of plastic pollution...②(2020·江苏卷)—Do you know anything about Zhang Zhongjing —By all means．He has been honored as a master doctor since the Eastern Han Dynasty．③Students sometimes support themselves by means of doing part-time jobs．④Every possible means has (have) been used to prevent the air pollution, but the sky is still not clear．(2)同义句转换The problem is by no means as simple as we first thought．⑤By no means is the problem as simple as we first thought．Tips:means用作“方式；方法”时单复数同形。若all/some/several/many means作主语，谓语动词用复数形式；若every/each/one/a means作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。5．appreciate vt．欣赏；重视；感激；领会；理解 vi．增值[佳句背诵]What we appreciated most was that you had a strong teamwork spirit．我们最欣赏的是你们有很强的团队精神。[归纳拓展](1)appreciate＋名词/代词/动词-ing形式 重视/感激……I would appreciate it if...如果……我将不胜感激。(2)appreciation n.欣赏；感激express one's appreciation to sb.for sth.对某人因为某事表达感激之情[学以致用](1)单句语法填空①Here I sincerely express my ____________ (appreciate) to you for your help with my English．②I really appreciate __ if you could give me such an opportunity to show my talent．③I appreciate ___________ (give) the opportunity to work in your company two years ago．④I'd appreciate your _______ (write) me back at your earliest convenience．(2)一句多译如果你能考虑我的建议，我将感激不尽。⑤____________________ you could take my suggestions into consideration.(appreciate)⑥________________ you could take my advice into account．(grateful)答案(1)单句语法填空①Here I sincerely express my appreciation (appreciate) to you for your help with my English．②I really appreciate it if you could give me such an opportunity to show my talent．③I appreciate being given (give) the opportunity to work in your company two years ago．④I'd appreciate your writing (write) me back at your earliest convenience．(2)一句多译如果你能考虑我的建议，我将感激不尽。⑤I'd appreciate it if you could take my suggestions into consideration.(appreciate)⑥I'd be grateful if you could take my advice into account．(grateful)Tips:appreciate后不能用不定式，而要用动词-ing形式作宾语。当appreciate, hate, dislike, love, like, depend/rely on等词后接宾语从句时，一般先加it，再接宾语从句。6．struggle n.& vi．斗争；奋斗；搏斗[佳句背诵]But the proverb “Where there is a will, there is a way．”reminded me that the path to success was not always smooth and encouraged me to struggle on.但是“有志者事竟成”这句谚语提醒我成功的道路并不总是平坦的，并鼓励我继续奋斗。[归纳拓展]struggle for...为……而斗争struggle with/against...与……做斗争struggle to do sth.努力做某事，挣扎着做某事struggle to one's feet 挣扎着站起来[学以致用](1)单句语法填空①(2022·北京卷)Tom watched his mum make healthy fruit infusions but then struggle ___ a take-along option.②We have to struggle ____________ all kinds of difficulties from home and abroad for freedom．③Helen Keller became deaf and blind when she was 19 months old, but she never gave up and struggled _______ (lead) an active life．④The children talked so loudly at the dinner table that I had to struggle ___________ (hear)．⑤He struggled __ his feet and tried to switch on the light．(2)句式升级Mary had struggled for months to find a job, and finally took a position at a local advertising agency．⑥_________________________________________, Mary finally took a position at a local advertising agency．(动词-ing形式短语作状语)答案(1)单句语法填空①(2022·北京卷)Tom watched his mum make healthy fruit infusions but then struggle for a take-along option.②We have to struggle against/with all kinds of difficulties from home and abroad for freedom．③Helen Keller became deaf and blind when she was 19 months old, but she never gave up and struggled to lead (lead) an active life．④The children talked so loudly at the dinner table that I had to struggle to be heard (hear)．⑤He struggled to his feet and tried to switch on the light．(2)句式升级Mary had struggled for months to find a job, and finally took a position at a local advertising agency．⑥Having struggled for months to find a job, Mary finally took a position at a local advertising agency．(动词-ing形式短语作状语)7．equal n.同等的人；相等物 adj.相同的；同样的 vt．比得上；敌得过[佳句背诵]For another, be positive and cheerful, for your mental health is equal to your physical health．其次，要积极向上、心情愉快，因为你的心理健康和身体健康同等重要。[归纳拓展](1)equal sth./sb.(in...)(在……方面) 比得上某物/某人；(在……方面)与某物/某人匹敌/相等(2)be equal to sth./doing sth.与……相等/能胜任做某事(3)without (an) equal无人可比的(4)equality n.相等；平等(5)equally adv．同样地；平等地[学以致用](1)单句语法填空①Any man will be equal __ the task, so long as he is careful．You should give it a try．②No one equals him __ courage, about which everyone knows．③She supported ________ (equal) between men and women.④(2022·全国乙卷)Long-lasting friendships share the characteristic that both sides _______ (equal) contact (联系) and share with one another．(2)一句多译尽管约翰很年轻，但是他却能胜任这项重要的工作。⑤Young as he was, John ____________ the important task．(equal)⑥Although he was young, John ___________ the important task．(fit)⑦Young as he was, John _________________ the important task．(qualified)答案(1)单句语法填空①Any man will be equal to the task, so long as he is careful．You should give it a try．②No one equals him in courage, about which everyone knows．③She supported equality (equal) between men and women.④(2022·全国乙卷)Long-lasting friendships share the characteristic that both sides equally (equal) contact (联系) and share with one another．(2)一句多译尽管约翰很年轻，但是他却能胜任这项重要的工作。⑤Young as he was, John was equal to the important task．(equal)⑥Although he was young, John was fit for the important task．(fit)⑦Young as he was, John was qualified for the important task．(qualified)8．demand n.要求；需求 vt．强烈要求；需要 vi．查问[佳句背诵]With the growth of China's economy and improvement of people's living standards, the demand for the service industries has correspondingly risen.随着中国经济的增长和人民生活水平的提高，对服务业的需求相应增加。[归纳拓展](1)be in (great) demand (迫切)需求(2)demand to do sth.要求做某事demand that...(should) do sth.要求……做某事(3)demanding adj.要求高的[学以致用](1)单句语法填空①(2020·浙江卷7月)Those who had held mentally stimulating (刺激), _________ (demand) jobs before retirement tended to do the best on the tests．②My father came down and demanded _______ (know) what was going on.③The boss demanded that everyone _______________ (attend) the meeting to be held tomorrow．④His novels have been __ great demand in this city since he won the Nobel Prize for Literature．(2)同义句转换The teacher demanded to be given my parents' telephone number．⑤The teacher demanded that he/she _________________ my parents' telephone number．答案(1)单句语法填空①(2020·浙江卷7月)Those who had held mentally stimulating (刺激), demanding (demand) jobs before retirement tended to do the best on the tests．②My father came down and demanded to know (know) what was going on.③The boss demanded that everyone (should) attend (attend) the meeting to be held tomorrow．④His novels have been in great demand in this city since he won the Nobel Prize for Literature．(2)同义句转换The teacher demanded to be given my parents' telephone number．⑤The teacher demanded that he/she (should) be given my parents' telephone number．Tips:demand只能用于demand to do sth., 不能用于demand sb.to do sth.。有类似用法的动词还有： hope, refuse, agree等。9．refer to 指的是；描述；提到；查阅[佳句背诵]He had been well prepared for his speech so that he didn't refer to his notes while delivering his speech．他已经为他的演讲做了充分的准备，所以他在演讲时没有看笔记。[归纳拓展](1)refer vi．提到；参考；查阅 vt．查询；叫……求助于refer to...as...把……称作……refer...to...把……提交给……；让(人)参考……(2)reference n.谈到；提及；参考；查阅；指称关系in/with reference to 关于[学以致用](1)写出下列句中refer to的含义①These books refer to Asian problems． ____②She referred to the last page of the book for answers． ____③I knew the lady was referring to Bill when she spoke of a bright young man. ______④(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)“Big change requires big ideas，”he said in a speech last month, referring broadly to the need to improve road safety． ____(2)完成句子⑤__________________________________, I want to give you some suggestions and hope that they will be helpful to you．关于餐桌礼仪，我想给你一些建议，希望对你有帮助。(1)写出下列句中refer to的含义①These books refer to Asian problems． 描述②She referred to the last page of the book for answers． 查阅③I knew the lady was referring to Bill when she spoke of a bright young man. 指的是④(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)“Big change requires big ideas，”he said in a speech last month, referring broadly to the need to improve road safety． 提到(2)完成句子⑤In/With reference to table manners, I want to give you some suggestions and hope that they will be helpful to you．关于餐桌礼仪，我想给你一些建议，希望对你有帮助。Tips:(1)refer的过去式、过去分词和动词-ing形式都要先双写“r”，再加“-ed”或“-ing”。类似的动词还有prefer。(2)refer to表示“查阅”时，后接词典、参考书等；look up表示“查阅”时，后接要查阅的具体内容。10．date back (to...)(＝date from)追溯到……；始于[佳句背诵]Chinese tea-drinking culture has a long history dating back to more than 1，000 years ago．中国的饮茶文化源远流长，可以追溯到1 000多年前。[归纳拓展]out of date过时的；陈旧的up to date最新式的；现代的to date/so far 迄今；至今；到目前为止fix/set a date for...确定……的日期[学以致用](1)单句语法填空①My interest in stamp collection _____ (date) back to my schooldays．②______ (date) from 1933, the South Lake Park in Changchun is located in the southwestern part of Changchun City．③Everyone should keep on getting himself educated so as to be up __ date with modern technology．④As far as I know, they have set the date ___ the meeting．(2)句式升级The festival is held in November every year．It dates back to the Ming Dynasty to celebrate the harvest in autumn.⑤The festival, _______________________________ to celebrate the harvest in autumn, is held in November every year．(动词-ing形式短语作定语)答案(1)单句语法填空①My interest in stamp collection dates (date) back to my schooldays．②Dating (date) from 1933, the South Lake Park in Changchun is located in the southwestern part of Changchun City．③Everyone should keep on getting himself educated so as to be up to date with modern technology．④As far as I know, they have set the date for the meeting．(2)句式升级The festival is held in November every year．It dates back to the Ming Dynasty to celebrate the harvest in autumn.⑤The festival, dating back to the Ming Dynasty to celebrate the harvest in autumn, is held in November every year．(动词-ing形式短语作定语)Tips:date back to/date from常用于一般现在时，不用于被动语态。常用其动词-ing形式作后置定语。11．be＋of＋抽象名词[佳句背诵](2021·全国甲卷写作)Furthermore, guzheng is of great significance to Chinese folk music leading you to a fantastic world of music．此外，古筝对中国民族音乐也有很重要的意义，它带领你进入一个美妙的音乐世界。[归纳拓展](1)be of use/importance/significance/help/value/benefit/...＝be useful/important/significant/helpful/valuable/beneficial/...(这些抽象名词前还可用形容词great, little, some, any, much, no来修饰说明其程度。)(2)be of...colour/age/size/height/weight/shape/type/kind/...(这类名词前常用different, the same, this, that等词来修饰或说明。)(3)be of...quality/character/feature/...(这类名词前常用good, bad, nice, fine, serious等词来修饰或说明。)[学以致用](1)单句语法填空①Your suggestions on how to solve the problem are very ______ (use) to us．②The “Foreign Culture”section in our newspaper is __ great popularity among us students．(2)同义句转换His opinion is considered to be very valuable．③His opinion is considered to be ______________．A harmonious family is of benefit to a child's personal development．④A harmonious family ________________ a child's personal development．答案(1)单句语法填空①Your suggestions on how to solve the problem are very useful (use) to us．②The “Foreign Culture”section in our newspaper is of great popularity among us students．(2)同义句转换His opinion is considered to be very valuable．③His opinion is considered to be of great value．A harmonious family is of benefit to a child's personal development．④A harmonious family is beneficial to a child's personal development．12．the＋比较级..., the＋比较级...[佳句背诵]Education is about learning, and the more you learn, the more you will prepare for your life．教育就是学习，你学的知识越多，你对于生活的准备就越充分。[归纳拓展]“the＋比较级..., the＋比较级...”结构用法如下：(1)意为“越……，就越……”，主、从句的两个谓语是同时进行的，表示一方随另一方程度的变化而变化。(2)从结构上看，第一个“the＋比较级”是表示条件的状语从句(在表示将来意义时，从句用一般现在时表示将来)；第二个“the＋比较级”是主句。(3)本结构可以用省略形式。[学以致用](1)单句语法填空①The more you practise, the better you __________ (speak) English．②(2021·全国甲卷)And the more we look, the ____ (much) we will see that social factors (因素) like gender, race, and class do not determine the appearance of genius．(2)完成句子③________ you know about our traditional culture, ________ you are interested in it．你对我们的传统文化了解得越多，你就对它越感兴趣。④The more learned a man is, _____________________________．一个人越有学问，就往往越谦虚。答案(1)单句语法填空①The more you practise, the better you will speak (speak) English．②(2021·全国甲卷)And the more we look, the more (much) we will see that social factors (因素) like gender, race, and class do not determine the appearance of genius．(2)完成句子③The more you know about our traditional culture, the more you are interested in it．你对我们的传统文化了解得越多，你就对它越感兴趣。④The more learned a man is, the more modest he usually is．一个人越有学问，就往往越谦虚。题目：七选五How to Show EmotionsIf anyone has ever told you to “open up more” or “show some emotions”， you may wonder what they really meant．It's easy for us to get caught up in our own little worlds and hide what we're feeling from other people． 1 ．But if you can open up more to others, you'll see how rewarding it is to connect on a deeper level．2 ．Relax and think through your feelings as they come to you．Whenever you feel something, take a second to sit with what you're feeling．Think about how you feel and let the emotion wash over you naturally．Name your emotions as they come to you．Giving your feeling a name makes it easier to understand．Once you're comfortable with a feeling, give the emotion a name．Are you anxious about something If you don't feel anything particularly moving, are you bored, or content This process will make you more self aware． 3 ．Maintain a journal for your feelings．One way to help you to open up emotionally to others is to keep a daily journal． 4 ．Every day, write down a paragraph or two about your day and how it makes you feel．This will help you track your feelings over time and put you more in tune with yourself．Engage in fun activities to share experiences with others．Do things you enjoy with people you love to share positive emotions．Dedicate one night a week to go out and grab dinner with your family． 5 ， or go on a 20 minute walk every day．Being emotionally available and sharing how you feel is a lot easier when you have fun with the people you care about．A．Push yourself to share every dayB．Take a minute to process emotionsC．Take a cooking class with your partnerD．Open up and get used to sharing how you feelE．It will also help you express what you're feelingF．Treat it as a special space for you to open up and be honestG．Sometimes, we don't even realise we're being guarded or hiding our feelings题目：七选五答案：1～5 GBEFC 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源列表 B1U1 Words and Expressions.docx B1U2 Words and Expressions.docx B1U3 Words and Expressions.docx B1U4 Words and Expressions.docx B1U5 Words and Expressions.docx
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