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九年级英语中考之动词的时态知识点
一、动词时态
时态(Tense)有两部分:“吋”和“体”。
“时”是指谓语动词发生或存在于不同时间的变化形式；
“体”则指动作进行或过程处于什么状态的变化形式。
1.一般现在时的基本用法
(1)表现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性,也可表经常性或习惯性的动作,常与表示频度的时间状语连用，如 every day, sometimes, seldom , on Sunday, once a week, at weekends...
(2)客观真理,客观存在,科学事实或表示格言或警句中
注意:此用法如果出现在宾语从句中,即使主句是过去时,从句谓语也要用一般现在时。
某些动词,如 come, go, move, stop, leave, arrive, be,finish, continue, start等,在一般现在时的句子中可用来表示将来肯定会发生的动作。
(4)在时间状语从句或条件状语从句中,一般现在时代替一般将来时。(主将从现)
2.一般过去时的用法。
表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内所发生的动作或情况常和yesterday, the day before, last week, two days ago 等时间状语连用，上下文清楚时可以不带时间状语。
注意:
(1)过去经常反复发生的动作,也可用used to 或would加动词原形来表达
(2)“ used to”也可用于表示过去曾经存在过的状态。
3.一般将来时的用法。
(1)表将来的动作或状态,也可表将来反复发生的动作或存在的状态。
标志词:next week;tomorrow;the day after tomorrow;in+时间段...
(2)表示将来的意愿、决心、许诺、命令等时常用 will,征求对方意见,主语是第一人称时,常用 shall。
(3) be+ going+ to do sth.也是一种将来时句型,表示打算、计划、最近或将来要做的某 事。
(4) be+ to do sth.表示有职责、义务、可 能、约定、意图等。
(5) be about+ to do sth.表示马上、很快做某事。
4.现在进行时的用法。
1)表此刻正在进行的动作或表现阶段/最近一段时间内正在进行的动作(此刻不一定发生)
标志词:now, right now, at present, these days,this year; look, listen, be quiet, hurry up...
表将来:某些动词的现在进行时可以表示即 将发生的动作,这些动词有arrive, come, leave,start 等。
3)表情感:现在进行时常与always, all the time,forever等连用,表示反复发生的动作,含有强烈的
赞赏,喜好,厌恶等感彩。
注意:有些动词一般不可以用于进行时态。
1.某些非延续性动词,如:admit/decide/end/allow/permit;
2.表示感官动词,如:hear/see/smell/taste/feel/sound;
3.表示看起来”看上去”,如:appear/resemble/seem;
4.表示存在/所属/拥有的词,如:be/belong/exist/stay/remain/own;
5.表示认识或理解的词,如:understand/know/remember/believe;
6.表示喜爱或不喜爱的词,如:hate/like/love/prefer;
7.have 表示“拥有”时不可用进行时,表示“吃饭,开会,玩得开心"则可。
5.现在完成时的用法.
(1)表示从过去开始,延续到现在,并可能延续下去的动作或状态。
(2)表示过去已发生的动作对现在造成某种影 响
3)常与现在完成时连用的标志词 for+时间段:since+过去的时间点/从句 in the past/last...months/years在过去的几个月/年里:ever 曾经already 已经;yet还已经(用于否定句)twice/....times几次;so far/up till now 至今
4)have gone to +地点,表“已经去了某地”,现在还没回来:
have been to +地点,表“曾经去过某地”,现在已经回来了,常与次数连用:
have been in+地点,表“在某地呆了多久”,常与时间段连用。
5)用于现在完成时的固定句型
It/This is the first/second/third time that +完成时
温馨提示:
1)一般过去时与现在完成时的区别
过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情,强调动作;现在完成时为过去发生的,强调过去的事情对现在的影响,强调的是影响;一般过去时常与具体的表过去的时间状语连用。
2)现在完成时与一段时问搭配时,谓语动词要用延续性动词
I have beeome interested in English since I was 5.(X)→
I have __been__ in English since I was 5.(√)
have begun for an hour(X )→have for an hour(√)
borrow→keep; buy→have; die →be dead; fall ill→be ill; fall asleep→ be asleep;
wake→_; open→ be open; get up→; join→ be a member of ; finish→ be over
6.过去进行时的用法。
1)表过去某一时刻/时段正在进行的动作标志词:this morning, at 9 yesterday, from 9-11 yesterday, when, while...
2)表过去反复性或习惯性的动作,常带有说话人的某种感彩。
3)表计划/安排过去将要发生的事(过去的 将来)常用于come, go, leave, start, arrive 等表位置的词
注意1:when和 while 区别
l) when 强调时间点/时问段:while强调时问段
2)when从句谓语可用延续性动词/非延续性动词:while从句只能用延续性动词
3) when 主从句动作可同时发生/先后发生;while主从动作只能同时发生
4) when 从句多用一般时态;while从句多用进行时态
注意 2:过去进行时和一般过去时的区别
都是过去发生的事情,但过去进行时侧重表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作或所处的状态,强调动作的连续进行,而一般过去时则表示单纯的过去事实。
7.过去完成时的用法
1)表在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生的动作,即发生在“过去的过去”
标志词:by/before+过去时间点;by the years.(leave)，by the end of+过去时间点...
2)动词think want hope mean plan intend expect等过去完成时常表示过去未曾实现的想法/希望/打算或意图等 T
3)常用过去完成时的固定句型
1）Hardly/Scarcely had sb done when...
2）No sooner had sb done than ... ,
3）It was the first time that sb had done
时态综合练习
一、单项选择题
1． Listen! The birds ____ sweetly among the flowers. Can you ____ the flowers Spring is coming!
A．are singing; smell B．sing; smelling
C．sang; smell D．are singing; smells
2． Many international students ____ to visit our school since last year.
A．are coming B．have come C．came D．will come
3． — Peter, did you play table tennis with your friends after school yesterday
— No, I didn't. We ____ vegetables in our school garden.
A．water B．have watered
C．watered D．are going to water
4． Charlie ____ his grandparents every weekend. He loves them very much.
A．visits B．was visiting C．will visit D．has visited
5． Mary ____ a picture when her dad got home yesterday evening.
A．draws B．was drawing C．is drawing D．will draw
6． —Didn't you hear that
—Oh, I ____ an online lesson when the doorbell rang.
A．will take B．was taking C．have taken
7． —Look at the "Stop" sign. Some workers ____ the road.
—Yes. We have to take another road.
A．have repaired B．were repairing
C．are repairing D．would repair
8． — Cindy, my sunglasses are on the floor and they are broken. What happened
— Sorry, dear. I don't know. I ____ in the kitchen then.
A．cook B．was cooking C．have cooked D．will cook
9． When summer came, many old people ____ sitting under the trees and talking with each other.
A．are used to B．got used to C．use to D．used to
10． I don't know if he ____ tomorrow. If he , I'll tell him about it.
A．will come; will come B．comes; come
C．comes; will come D．will come; comes
11． —Why are you walking so quickly, Edward
—There ____ a talent show in ten minutes.
A．will have B．will be
C．is going to have D．are going to be
12． —What ____ your brother ____ last weekend
—He took part in a running race.
A．did; do B．does; do C．is; doing D．will; do
13． Tom ____ his eyes on the book, but he didn't read a word.
A．keep B．keeps C．kept D．keeping
14． Only by working hard ____ pass the English test. So your parents won't punish you.
A．you will B．will you C．I did D．didI
15． —What was Lucy doing at 8 o'clock last night
—Sorry, I didn't know. I ____ the newspaper at that time.
A．read B．am reading C．was reading D．will read
16． The light is still on in Mr. Lin's office. I'm afraid he ____ his work.
A．doesn't finish B．didn't finish
C．hasn't finished D．won't finish
17． Neither Millie nor Shirley ____ Australia before, but they know the country very well.
A．has gone to B．has been to
C．have gone to D．have been to
18． —How long have you had the bike
—I ____ it since I was six years old.
A．bought B．have bought C．have had D．has bought
19． —What were you doing at eight o'clock last night
—I ____ at home.
A．am watching TV B．was watching TV
C．watched TV D．is watching TV
20． —It's 20 years since we came back to Ziyang.
—How time flies! We ____ in our hometown for such a long time.
A．work B．worked C．has worked D．have worked
21． If it doesn't rain tomorrow, we ____ a picnic.
A．will have B．had C．have had D．was having
22． —Why are you in such a hurry
—There ____ a basketball match between Class One and Class Three in five minutes.
A．is B．are
C．is going to be D．are going to be
23． In China, you can see people playing basketball in parks, schools and even factories. Basketball ____ a popular sport to play and watch.
A．has become B．have become C．becomes D．become
24． —What beautiful grasslands!
—Yes. Look, some sheep ____ grass over there.
A．eat B．ate C．have eaten D．are eating
25． —Mary, I remember you ____ several years ago.
—Yes, I ____ for three years.
A．married; have married B．married; married
C．married; have been married D．have married; have been married
26． I am sorry I didn't answer your phone because I ____ the piano at that time.
A．played B．was playing C．am playing D．play
27． —Our school ____ all kinds of after-school services for students since 2021.
—That sounds great!
A．provides B．is providing C．provided D．has provided
28． My sister always ____ home at 5:00 in the afternoon.
A．get B．get to C．gets to D．gets
29．—Helen, is your dad ____ TV right now
—Yes, but he usually ____ books in the evening.
A．watch; read B．watch; reading C．watching; read D．watching; reads
30． So far, he ____ his hometown for nearly 10 years.
A．left B．has left C．has been away from D.has left from
答案：1-5ABCAB 6-10BCBBD 11-15BACBC 16-20CBCBD 21-25ACADC 26-30BDDDC

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