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广东省江门市新会区实验学校2025-2026学年高三上学期开学考试
英 语 试 卷（无听力）
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
注意事项：
1．答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2．请按题号顺序在答题卡上各题目的答题区域内作答，写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
3．选择题用2B铅笔在答题卡上把所选答案的标号涂黑；非选择题用黑色签字笔在答题卡上作答；字体工整，笔迹清楚。
4．考试结束后，请将试卷和答题卡一并上交。
一、阅读理解
Winners of the Broadcom MASTERS
Girls took the top prizes at the Broadcom MASTERS, a science competition for middle school students.
Alaina Gassler
Alaina won the $25,000 Samueli Foundation Prize for the project of reducing blind spots in cars. She was inspired to solve this issue by her mother who didn’t like driving her vehicle because its large A-pillar (A柱) design made her feel in danger. “I started to think about how blind spots were a huge problem in all cars,” said Alaina. So she worked on and solved it.
Sidor Clare
Sidor won the $10,000 Marconi/Samueli Award for Innovation, an honor made by Samueli’s generous donation of his 2012 Marconi Society Prize Award. She developed bricks that could one day be made on Mars, so that humans wouldn’t be required to carry building materials with them in order to build there.
Alexis MacAvoy
Alexis won the $10,000 Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Award for Health Advancement, which recognized the student whose work and performance showed the most promise in health-related fields and demonstrated an understanding of the many social factors that affect health. She designed a water filter (过滤器) by using carbon to remove heavy metals from water.
Rachel Bergey
Rachel won the $10,000 Lemelson Award for Invention, awarded by The Lemelson Foundation to a young inventor creating promising solutions to real-world problems. She developed a trap made of tinfoil (锡纸) and netting for the spotted lanternfly, an invasive species causing damage to trees.
1．What is the purpose of Alaina Gassler’s invention
A．To beautify vehicles. B．To improve the safety of driving.
C．To decorate the sidewalk for the blind. D．To reduce the carbon released from cars.
2．Whose invention is related to human health
A．Alaina Gassler’s. B．Sidor Clare’s.
C．Rachel Bergey’s. D．Alexis MacAvoy’s.
3．What is the Broadcom MASTERS about
A．Art. B．Sport. C．Technology. D．Education.
While technological advancements have enhanced the convenience of urban commuting in recent years, environmental studies reveal a worrying decline in urban green spaces, especially in densely populated districts. Many residents complain that there’s insufficient access to nature-filled areas for relaxation and exercise, so they end up spending more time indoors, relying on virtual entertainment.
Urban planners Lila Chen and Ryan Moore are deeply troubled by such issues. In their newly released book Green Living: Reclaim Our Cities’ Natural Spaces, they call for a fundamental rethinking of urban design and the role greenery should play in our daily lives.
The landscape of urban living began to shift decades ago. Vast areas of natural vegetation were cleared to make room for sprawling concrete structures and commercial centers, forcing residents to seek nature in distant suburbs. Some grassroots groups fought back. Most notably, a community organizer from Seattle, who relocated to the city in the early 2000s, launched a movement to save a local wetlands area from being converted into a shopping mall. Expressing her outrage at the planned destruction, Emily Clark appealed to the city council to “Preserve Seattle as a city where nature and urban life coexist harmoniously, not just a place of concrete and commerce.” Similar initiatives took place in other major cities across the country in the 2010s.
Although these initiatives gained public attention, the harsh reality is that the majority of modern cities remain overwhelmingly dominated by urban development at the expense of green spaces. The coverage of natural areas in cities has been shrinking steadily. In California, for instance, the ratio of urban green spaces to total city area has dropped to a record low, even as the state promotes environmental protection campaigns.
We invest substantial resources in building urban infrastructure that prioritizes speed and efficiency, yet we neglect to consider the true value of green spaces. Do we fully comprehend the social and psychological costs when citizens lack easy access to natural environments for mental rejuvenation The authors of Green Living are spot-on: it’s high time we re-evaluate the urban landscapes right outside our homes.
4．What phenomenon does the author highlight in paragraph 1
A．Urban commuting has become overly dependent on technology.
B．The reduction of urban green spaces leads to lifestyle changes.
C．Virtual entertainment is replacing outdoor activities completely.
D．Residents in densely populated areas have limited access to jobs.
5．What were the Seattle community organizer and other activists attempting to achieve
A．Expand commercial development in urban areas.
B．Relocate residents to distant suburbs with more greenery.
C．Safeguard urban natural spaces for a balanced lifestyle.
D．Promote the construction of more shopping malls in wetlands.
6．What can be inferred about the initiatives in California in the 2010s
A．They successfully increased the ratio of urban green spaces.
B．They failed to reverse the trend of shrinking green areas.
C．They led to a surge in environmental protection donations.
D．They resulted in the closure of all commercial construction projects.
7．Which of the following would be the most appropriate title for the text
A．Urban Rush: Sacrificing Nature B．Tech Advance: A Double-edged Sword
C．Green Spaces: A Luxury or Necessity D．Community Activism: A Lost Cause
While long distance friendships might require some planning and creativity to keep up, there’s no reason to let physical distance keep you from staying connected. 8 .
Be clear and intentional about keeping your long distance friends
Whether you’ve just moved away from your friends or you’ve been apart for years, long distance friendships require a two-way commitment. That means reaching out, finding time to hang out and showing your friends you value them. 9 . Remember that they value you, too.
Use common interests to feel connected
Develop an “anchor” for your friendship. An anchor is something that you have in common that acts as a trigger to reach out to each other. Maybe you both love cooking, so you each send photos of the new dishes you make with a link to the recipe. Or you both love, let’s say, the HBO show Euphoria, and you text to discuss after each episode comes out. 10 .
11
If you feel like your communication is difficult because of distance, your friends probably feel that way too, so don’t be afraid to be the first one to reach out. When phone calls won’t cut it, think about a visit. Visiting is one of the most important things we can do to keep a long distance friendship going.
Address conflicts openly
12 . There’s just a limited amount of time you get with your friends, so it’s easy to let conflicts go unaddressed. Try not to sweep things under the rug. In fact, addressing conflict is one of the ways you can become closer with your friends.
A．But it’s all worth it
B．And it goes both ways
C．Don’t hesitate to reach out
D．Make every effort to make it count
E．Separation is hard, and miscommunication happens
F．Here are some effective ways to maintain such friendships
G．It doesn’t really matter what it is, as long as it helps you initiate a connection
Dogs are social animals and without proper training, they will behave like wild animals. They will soil your house, destroy your belongings, bar k excessively, fight other dogs and even bite you. Nearly all behavior problems are perfectly normal dog activities that occur at the wrong time or place or are directed at the wrong thing. To prevent or treat behavior problems, you are supposed to teach the dog to redirect its normal behavior to outlets that are acceptable in the domestic setting.
One of the best things you can do for your dog and yourself is to obedience train it. Obedience training or training doesn't solve all behavior problems, but it is the foundation for solving just about any problem. Training pens up a line of communication between you and your dog. Effective communication is necessary to instruct your dog about what you want it to do.
Training is also an easy way to establish the social rank order. When your dog obeys a simple request of “come here, sit,” it is showing obedience and respect for you. It is not necessary to establish yourself as top dog or leader of the pack by using extreme measure. You can teach your dog its subordinate role by teaching it to show submission to you. Most dogs love performing tricks for you to pleasantly accept that you are in charge.
Training should be fun and rewarding for you and your dog. It can enrich your relationship and make living together more enjoyable. A well-trained dog is more confident and can more safely be allowed a greater amount of freedom than an untrained animal.
13．Which statement about dogs’ behavior problems is true
A．They result from training. B．They’re just part of nature.
C．They’re wrong dog activities. D．They will be worse unless punished.
14．What is the purpose of dog training
A．To make dogs respect authority. B．To give dogs outlets for their behavior.
C．To solve all their behavior problems. D．To teach dogs to perform clever tricks.
15．Why do pet dogs love performing tricks for their masters
A．To get respect from masters. B．To show their willingness to obey.
C．To establish the social rank order. D．To show their affection for their masters.
16．What might a dog with effective obedience training get
A．More foods. B．More safety. C．More freedom. D．More love.
If you’ve ever hung around scientists, you’ve most likely heard one of them say “the best explanation is the simplest one. But is it From the behavior of ants to the occurrence of tornadoes, the natural world is often quite complex. Why should we assume the simplest explanation is closest to the truth
This idea is known as Occam’s (or Ockham’s) razor. It’s also referred to as “rule of economy”. And it bears a family relationship to the “principle of least astonishment,” which holds that if an explanation is too surprising, it’s probably not right. The name comes from William of Ockham, a 14th-century scholastic philosopher. He created the principle that “entities (实体) should not be multiplied beyond necessity.” The philosophical claim is a form of ontological minimalism: we should not invoke entities unless we have evidence that they exist. In other words, don’t make stuff up.
In 1687, Isaac Newton expanded on the notion with his concept of a vera causa — a true cause, stating that we should admit only causes that were both true and sufficient to explain natural phenomena. He added that Nature did nothing in vain and Nature was pleased with simplicity. Although Newton was a great scientist, this claim seems odd. Who is to say what “pleases Nature” Doesn’t this guidance assume we know what we are in fact trying to figure out
Consider the world of Physics filled with explanations that are surprising, unexpected and hard to get your head around. Newton explained light as being made of particles, whereas other scientists explained it as a wave. Quantum mechanics, however, tells us light is both a wave and a particle. Newton’s account was simpler, but modern physics tells us the more complex model is closer to the truth.
When we turn to biology, things get even more complicated. Imagine two smokers, both of whom went through a pack a day for 30 years. One gets cancer; the other doesn’t. The simplest explanation For decades the tobacco industry’s answer was that smoking doesn’t cause cancer. Simple but false. In fact, disease is complex, and we don’t yet understand all the factors involved in cancer.
Occam’s razor is not a fact or even a theory. It’s a metaphysical (形而上学的) principle: an idea held independently of empirical (实证的) evidence. In human affairs, things are more often than not complex. Human motivations are typically multiple. People can be good and bad at the same time, selfish and selfless, depending on circumstances. The shelves of ethicists are filled with books thinking why good people do bad things, and their answers are rarely short and sweet.
Our explanations should match the world as best as we can make them. Science is about allowing things to unfold naturally, and sometimes this means accepting that the truth is not simple, even if it would make our lives easier if it were.
17．Occam’s razor indicates that ________.
A．explanations should be consistent with purposes
B．sufficient causes can explain natural phenomena
C．reasonable explanations are rarely surprising
D．simpler explanations should be preferred
18．Why is Newton’s view on simplicity problematic
A．It assumes unknown truths. B．It lacks experimental support.
C．It conflicts quantum physics. D．It overlooks biological complexity.
19．What is against tobacco industry’s “simple” cancer claim
A．Random chance occurrence. B．Disease’s natural complexity.
C．Long-term health statistics. D．Smokers’ behavioral differences.
20．It’s implied in the passage that we need to ________.
A．follow the laws of nature. B．balance accuracy and simplicity.
C．interpret the world as it is. D．highlight the existence of entities.
二、完形填空
In a heartwarming moment, a mother’s decision to 21 her wedding dress after 30 years became a(n) 22 of enduring love within her family.
The dress, carefully 23 with decades of memories, fit her perfectly, as if waiting for this very moment to 24 again. As the mother admired herself in the mirror, soundlessly 25 the emotions and memories tied to the dress, her daughters saw an opportunity to 26 the moment.
They made a plan to 27 their father, leading him upstairs under the trick of an ordinary call. The stage was set for a surprise that would rekindle (重新点燃) emotions and celebrate the longevity of their parents’ love. The atmosphere was thick with anticipation as the father made his way upstairs, completely 28 of the emotional scene he was about to encounter.
Upon seeing his wife in the wedding dress she wore three decades earlier, he was 29 moved, struck by a wave of memories and emotions. The sight of her in that dress, a symbol of their wedding day, left him speechless, 30 the beginning of their life journey together.
The room 31 its breath as he kissed her, each movement rich with history and 32 , whispering a vow (誓言) that was filled with heartfelt 33 : “I still choose you after 30 years.”
The 34 but profoundness (深刻) of his words emphasized a(n) 35 choice to continue cherishing each other, day after day.
This sweet moment shows the importance of celebrating and cherishing those we love, not only during milestones but every single day.
21．A．take on B．decide on C．try on D．hand on
22．A．celebration B．impression C．congratulation D．definition
23．A．carved B．made C．processed D．preserved
24．A．exist B．shine C．contribute D．prove
25．A．reliving B．relieving C．representing D．revising
26．A．record B．deepen C．experience D．solidify
27．A．frighten B．cheat C．tease D．surprise
28．A．impatient B．unbelievable C．unaware D．uncertain
29．A．finally B．visibly C．naturally D．initially
30．A．recalling B．enhancing C．forming D．involving
31．A．wasted B．held C．drew D．got
32．A．familiarity B．politeness C．affection D．gender
33．A．sincerity B．insight C．apology D．lyric
34．A．significance B．boredom C．simplicity D．appearance
35．A．push-pull B．low-key C．eye-catching D．two-way
三、语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Nezha is the subject of the latest cartoon film, which 36 (official) opened in cinemas in China on July 26. Nezha has got wonderful reviews and is rated higher than Monkey King : Hero is Back. Since July 26, the film 37 (earn) more than 140 million yuan at the box office, and the film has a score of 8. 8 38 (point) (out of 10) on China's largest filming rating site, Douban.
Yang Yu, 39 is the director of it, made up his mind 40 (produce) a film on the theme of breaking old rules and changing fate. Yang chose Nezha as his character, the 41 (combine) of the rebellious (叛逆的)but straight youth. The film is loosely based on the Chinese novel The Investiture of the Gods. In the novel, Nezha is born during the Shang dynasty and is famous 42 fighting against the Dragon King.
It took Yang Yu two years to polish the script, and the film was in production for three years. It is 43 most complex cartoon production ever 44 (make) in China. It has more than 1 ,300 special effects shots, and it took over 20 Chinese special effects studios, 45 (employ) more than 1, 600 people, to realize the film's fairy tale setting, the mysterious Dragon King's palace. One spectacular scene alone took two months to complete.
四、书面表达
46．当前不少文学作品被改编成电影。有人选择看电影，有人则喜欢读原著（original work），某网站发起以"Film or book, which do you prefer "为题的讨论，请你写一篇英语短文，发到该网站，要点如下：
1. 你的选择；2. 选择理由；3. 表达期待。
注意：1. 词数80左右；
2. 文章开头已给出，不计入总词数。
Nowadays, many classics have been adapted for movies. As for me.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Sean Royston, and his long-time friend, Tolin Annis had a tradition to head out for an expedition every other year. In 2016, they decided to kayak (划皮艇) the Rocks NationalLakeshore, a challenging route on Lake Superior, teibentrti tuo bobson l rast ouodern.
On September 13, they loaded up on food and camping devices, climbed into their kayaks, and pushed off from a beach near the national park’s headquarters. They planned to return in a week. They moved through small waves and headed northeast. Soon the lakeshore’s trademark cliffs (悬崖) began to rise on their right. Away from the shore, the head wind grew to the forecasted 10 knots — and kept rising. Still, they never considered turning around.
They had been rowing maybe 90 minutes when, quite suddenly, the waves grew to two metres and steepened. The wind rose to an intense 20 knots, putting them in danger of flipping over. “It went bad fast!” shouted Tolin, who was in the lead about 20 metres ahead of Sean. Meanwhile, the wind pushed them closer to the cliff, where the waves became even steeper and rolled them into the water.
Sean managed to get back to kayak, holding onto it for stability, and then paddled using his free hand. But he couldn’t make any progress against the strong wind. “My arms are giving out.” Sean thought to himself, “I gotta call now.” Using a VHF radio clipped to his life jacket, Sean called:“Mayday, two kayakers stuck.” But the tall cliffs blocked the signal from reaching anyone. When he raised his head, his friend had disappeared from sight. The man yelled to his friend at the top of his lungs, but there’s no reply.
Sean struggled until the waves finally pushed him away from the shoreline and farther out in the lake. Exhausted, he floated on his back and considered his options. Sean decided to turn downwind, towards the beach where they had launched that morning. It was 5 kilometers away. “I’m a swimmer.” Sean talked himself up and started kicking.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Luckily, after about three hours, Sean saw the beach within reach.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The rescue team headed out immediately for Tolin
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《广东省江门市新会区实验学校2025-2026学年高三上学期开学考试英语试卷（无听力）》参考答案
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
答案 B D C B C B A F B G
题号 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
答案 C E B B B C D A B C
题号 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
答案 C A D B A B D C B A
题号 31 32 33 34 35
答案 B C A C D
1．B 2．D 3．C
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个学生的发明以及各自的特点。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段“She was inspired to solve this issue by her mother who didn’t like driving her vehicle because its large A-pillar(A柱) design made her feel in danger. “I started to think about how blind spots were a huge problem in all cars,” said Alaina.(她的母亲不喜欢驾驶她的车，因为它的大A柱设计让她感到危险，这给了她解决这个问题的灵感。阿莱娜说：“我开始思考盲点是所有汽车的一个大问题。”)”可知，阿莱娜·加斯勒发明的目的是提高驾驶安全。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Alexis won the $10,000 Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Award for Health Advancement, which recognized the student whose work and performance showed the most promise in health-related fields and demonstrated an understanding of the many social factors that affect health.(亚历克西斯获得了1万美元的罗伯特伍德约翰逊基金会健康促进奖，该奖项表彰了在健康相关领域的工作和表现最有希望的学生，并展示了对影响健康的许多社会因素的理解)”可知，Alexis MacAvoy的发明与人类健康有关。故选D。
3．细节理解题。根据第一段“Girls took the top prizes at the Broadcom MASTERS, a science competition for middle school students.(女孩们在面向中学生的科学竞赛Broadcom MASTERS中获得了最高奖项)”可知，Broadcom MASTERS主要关于科技。故选C。
4．B 5．C 6．B 7．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了城市发展以牺牲城市绿地为代价，虽然提高了便利性，但给环境和人们的健康生活带来了巨大威胁。
4．细节理解题。根据第一段“While technological advancements have enhanced the convenience of urban commuting in recent years, environmental studies reveal a worrying decline in urban green spaces, especially in densely populated districts. Many residents complain that there’s insufficient access to nature-filled areas for relaxation and exercise, so they end up spending more time indoors, relying on virtual entertainment.(近年来，尽管科技进步提升了城市通勤的便利性，但环境研究显示，城市绿地正以令人担忧的速度减少，在人口密集区域尤为明显。许多居民抱怨，能够供他们放松和锻炼的自然区域不足，因此他们不得不更多地待在室内，依赖虚拟娱乐打发时间)”可知，作者在第一段主要强调了城市绿地减少导致居民生活方式的改变。故选B。
5．细节理解题。根据第三段“Most notably, a community organizer from Seattle, who relocated to the city in the early 2000s, launched a movement to save a local wetlands area from being converted into a shopping mall. Expressing her outrage at the planned destruction, Emily Clark appealed to the city council to “Preserve Seattle as a city where nature and urban life coexist harmoniously, not just a place of concrete and commerce.” Similar initiatives took place in other major cities across the country in the 2010s.(最值得关注的是，一位21世纪初移居西雅图的社区组织者发起了一场运动，旨在阻止当地一片湿地被改建成购物中心。埃米莉 克拉克对这一计划中的破坏行为表示愤怒，她向市议会呼吁：“要将西雅图打造成自然与城市生活和谐共存的城市，而不只是一座充斥着混凝土建筑和商业活动的地方。”)”可知，西雅图社区组织者和其他活动者试图守护城市自然空间，追求平衡生活方式。故选C。
6．推理判断题。根据第四段中“The coverage of natural areas in cities has been shrinking steadily. In California, for instance, the ratio of urban green spaces to total city area has dropped to a record low, even as the state promotes environmental protection campaigns.(城市自然区域的覆盖面积一直在稳步缩小。例如，在加州，城市绿地占城市总面积的比例已降至历史最低水平，尽管该州正在推动环保运动)”推知，21世纪初加州的环保活动未能扭转绿地面积不断萎缩的趋势。故选B。
7．主旨大意题。通读全文，并结合最后一段“We invest substantial resources in building urban infrastructure that prioritizes speed and efficiency, yet we neglect to consider the true value of green spaces. Do we fully comprehend the social and psychological costs when citizens lack easy access to natural environments for mental rejuvenation The authors of Green Living are spot-on: it’s high time we re-evaluate the urban landscapes right outside our homes.(我们投入大量资源建设以速度和效率为优先的城市基础设施，却忽视了绿地的真正价值。当市民难以就近接触自然环境以滋养心灵时，我们是否充分意识到其中的社会成本与心理代价？《绿色生活》的作者们说得很对：是时候重新审视我们家门口的城市风貌了)”可知，文章主要介绍了城市发展以牺牲城市绿地为代价，虽然提高了便利性，但给环境和人们的健康生活带来了巨大威胁，因此A项“Urban Rush: Sacrificing Nature (都市快速发展：牺牲自然？)”可以作为本文的最佳标题。故选A。
8．F 9．B 10．G 11．C 12．E
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在成年后因学习、工作或家庭原因导致朋友分离的情况下，如何维持异地友谊的方法。
8．上文提到“While long distance friendships might require some planning and creativity to keep up, there’s no reason to let physical distance keep you from staying connected.(虽然异地友谊可能需要一些计划和创造力来维持，但没有理由让物理距离阻碍你们保持联系)”，说明要探讨维持异地友谊的话题。 F选项“Here are some effective ways to maintain such friendships(以下是一些维持这种友谊的有效方法)”，直接引出下文要介绍的具体维持异地友谊的方法，承上启下，符合语境。故选F。
9．前文说“Whether you’ve just moved away from your friends or you’ve been apart for years, long distance friendships require a two - way commitment. That means reaching out, finding time to hang out and showing your friends you value them.(无论你是刚刚离开朋友，还是已经分开多年，异地友谊都需要双向的承诺。这意味着要主动联系，找时间相聚，并向朋友表明你重视他们)”。 B选项“And it goes both ways(这是双向的)”，进一步强调了异地友谊双向承诺这一特点，与前文紧密呼应，符合语境。故选B。
10．由上文“Maybe you both love cooking, so you each send photos of the new dishes you make with a link to the recipe. Or you both love, let’s say, the HBO show Euphoria, and you text to discuss after each episode comes out. (也许你们都喜欢烹饪，所以你们各自发送自己做的新菜的照片，并附上食谱链接。或者假设你们都喜欢HBO的《亢奋》，每集播出后你们都会发短信讨论)”可知，本空应说明这些共同兴趣的作用，G选项“It doesn’t really matter what it is, as long as it helps you initiate a connection (是什么并不重要，只要它能帮助你建立联系)”符合逻辑，其中“it”指代前文提到的共同兴趣。故选G。
11．由后文“If you feel like your communication is difficult because of distance, your friends probably feel that way too, so don’t be afraid to be the first one to reach out. When phone calls won’t cut it, think about a visit. (如果你因为距离而觉得沟通困难，你的朋友可能也有同样的感觉，所以不要害怕成为第一个主动联系的人。当电话不起作用时，考虑拜访一下)”可知，本空应建议主动联系，C选项“Don’t hesitate to reach out (不要犹豫，主动联系)”开门见山，点明主题，适合作为标题。故选C。
12．由上文“Address conflicts openly (公开处理冲突)”以及后文“There’s just a limited amount of time you get with your friends, so it’s easy to let conflicts go unaddressed. (你和朋友在一起的时间有限，所以很容易让冲突得不到解决)”可知，本空应说明产生冲突的原因，E选项“Separation is hard, and miscommunication happens (分离是痛苦的，误解也会发生)”符合语境，为后文处理冲突的建议做铺垫。故选E。
13．B 14．B 15．B 16．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述狗是社会性的动物，它们需要训练才能和谐的生活在人们的家里。最基本的训练是让狗听从你的命令，这种训练能让狗懂得社会地位的差异，在训练中要有奖赏。
13．细节理解题。根据第一段“Nearly all behavior problems are perfectly normal dog activities that occur at the wrong time or place or are directed at the wrong thing.”（几乎所有的行为问题都是狗在错误的时间或地点发生的完全正常的狗的活动）可知，狗的行为问题只是本性的一部分，故选B项。
14．细节理解题。根据第一段“To prevent or treat behavior problems, you are supposed to teach the dog to redirect its normal behavior to outlets that are acceptable in the domestic setting.”（为了预防或治疗行为问题，你应该教狗狗把它的正常行为转移到家庭环境中可以接受的发泄途径。）可知，训练狗的目的是给狗的行为提供合适的发泄途径，故选B项。
15．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Most dogs love performing tricks for you to pleasantly accept that you are in charge.”（大多数狗喜欢给你表演技巧，让你愉快地接受你是主人。）可知，狗是让人知道自己处于主导地位，愿意顺从人。故选B项。
16．细节理解题。根据最后一段“A well-trained dog is more confident and can more safely be allowed a greater amount of freedom than an untrained animal.”（一只受过良好训练的狗比一只未经训练的动物更自信，也更安全，被允许拥有更多的自由）可知，训练有素的狗比未经训练的动物更自信，可以更安全地获得更多的自由，故选C项。
17．D 18．A 19．B 20．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了奥卡姆剃刀理论，该理论主张最简单的解释往往更接近真相，但科学和现实世界的复杂性表明，这一原则并非绝对，真理有时并不简单。
17．细节理解题。根据第一段中“If you’ve ever hung around scientists, you’ve most likely heard one of them say ‘the best explanation is the simplest one. (如果你曾和科学家们相处过，你很可能会听到他们中的一位说“最好的解释是最简单的一个)”以及第二段中“This idea is known as Occam’s (or Ockham’s) razor. It’s also referred to as ‘rule of economy’. (这个想法被称为奥卡姆剃刀理论。它也被称为“经济法则”)”可知，奥卡姆剃刀理论指的是简单的解释应该被优先考虑。故选D。
18．细节理解题。根据第三段“In 1687, Isaac Newton expanded on the notion with his concept of a vera causa — a true cause, stating that we should admit only causes that were both true and sufficient to explain natural phenomena. He added that Nature did nothing in vain and Nature was pleased with simplicity. Although Newton was a great scientist, this claim seems odd. Who is to say what ‘pleases Nature’ Doesn’t this guidance assume we know what we are in fact trying to figure out (1687年，艾萨克 牛顿用他的“真正原因”概念进一步阐述了这一观点 —— 所谓真正的原因，是指我们只应认可那些既真实存在、又足以解释自然现象的原因。他还补充说，大自然不会做徒劳无功之事，且偏爱简洁。尽管牛顿是一位伟大的科学家，但这一说法似乎有些奇怪。谁能断言“什么能让大自然满意”呢？这种指导难道不正是假定了我们已经知晓了实际上正试图弄明白的东西吗？)”可知，牛顿认为自然乐于简单，但这种观点假设了人类能够知道什么能取悦自然，即它假设了未知的真理。故选A。
19．推理判断题。根据第五段“When we turn to biology, things get even more complicated. Imagine two smokers, both of whom went through a pack a day for 30 years. One gets cancer; the other doesn’t. The simplest explanation For decades the tobacco industry’s answer was that smoking doesn’t cause cancer. Simple but false. In fact, disease is complex, and we don’t yet understand all the factors involved in cancer.” (当我们转向生物学时，事情变得更加复杂。想象一下有两个吸烟者，他们每天抽一包烟，持续了30年。一个人得了癌症，另一个人没有。最简单的解释是什么？几十年来，烟草行业的回答是吸烟不会导致癌症。简单但错误。事实上，疾病是复杂的，我们还不了解癌症的所有因素)”可知，烟草行业认为吸烟不会导致癌症，这种简单的解释是错误的，因为疾病的复杂性，特别是癌症的成因涉及多种因素，所以疾病的自然复杂性反驳了烟草行业“简单”的癌症说法。故选B。
20．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Our explanations should match the world as best as we can make them. Science is about allowing things to unfold naturally, and sometimes this means accepting that the truth is not simple, even if it would make our lives easier if it were. (我们的解释应该尽可能与世界相匹配。科学是让事物自然展开，有时这意味着接受真相并不简单，即使这样会让我们的生活更轻松)”可知，文章强调我们的解释应尽可能与世界实际情况相匹配，科学是让事物自然展开，有时需要接受真相并不简单。由此可推知，文章暗示我们需要实事求是地解释世界。故选C。
21．C 22．A 23．D 24．B 25．A 26．B 27．D 28．C 29．B 30．A 31．B 32．C 33．A 34．C 35．D
【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。文章讲述了母亲在30年之后穿上婚纱，孩子们给父亲制造惊喜，父亲在看到母亲穿上婚纱之后深深感动，并对母亲深情说出誓言的故事。
21．考查动词短语辨析。句意：在一个温暖的时刻，一位母亲决定在30年后试穿她的婚纱，成为她家庭持久的爱的庆祝。A. take on承担；B. decide on决定；C. try on试穿；D. hand on传递。根据下文“The dress, carefully ____3____ with decades of memories, fit her perfectly”婚纱非常的合适，可知，此处指的是试穿她的婚纱。故选C。
22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一个温暖的时刻，一位母亲决定在30年后试穿她的婚纱，成为她家庭持久的爱的庆祝。A. celebration庆祝；B. impression印象；C. congratulation祝贺；D. definition定义。根据下文“The stage was set for a surprise that would rekindle (重新点燃) emotions and celebrate the longevity of their parents’ love. (这个舞台是为一个惊喜而设的，这个惊喜将重新点燃他们的情感，庆祝他们父母长久的爱。)”可知，这里指的是庆祝持久的爱。故选A。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这条裙子精心保存了几十年的记忆，非常适合她，仿佛在等待这一刻再次闪耀。A. carved雕刻；B. made制造；C. processed加工，处理；D. preserved保留。根据上文“a mother’s decision to ____1____ her wedding dress after 30 years became a(n) ____2____ of enduring love within her family.”可知，母亲在30年后试穿婚纱，所以这里指的是婚纱精心地保存着。故选D。
24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这条裙子精心保存了几十年的记忆，非常适合她，仿佛在等待这一刻再次闪耀。A. exist存在；B. shine闪耀；C. contribute贡献；D. prove证明。根据下文“The stage was set for a surprise that would rekindle (重新点燃) emotions and celebrate the longevity of their parents’ love.”这个惊喜重新点燃了感情，可知，此处婚纱使得这一刻闪耀。故选B。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当这位母亲对着镜子欣赏自己，无声地重温与这条裙子有关的情感和记忆时，她的女儿们看到了一个加深这一刻的机会。A. reliving再生；B. relieving 缓解；C. representing代表；D. revising修订。根据空格后“the emotions and memories tied to the dress”与裙子有关的情感和记忆，可知，此处指的是使得与裙子有关的情感与记忆重温。故选A。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当这位母亲对着镜子欣赏自己，无声地重温与这条裙子有关的情感和记忆时，她的女儿们看到了一个加深这一刻的机会。A. record记录；B. deepen加深；C. experience经历，体验；D. solidify使稳固。根据下文“They made a plan to ____7____ their father, leading him upstairs under the trick of an ordinary call.”他们计划给爸爸惊喜，可知，此处指的是她的女儿们想制造使得这一刻加深的机会。故选B。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们计划给父亲一个惊喜，用一个普通电话的把戏把他带到楼上。A. frighten使害怕；B. cheat作弊；C. tease嘲笑；D. surprise使……惊喜。根据下文“The atmosphere was thick with anticipation as the father made his way upstairs, completely ____8____ of the emotional scene he was about to encounter. (当父亲上楼时，气氛中充满了期待，完全没有意识到他即将遇到的激动人心的场面。)”可知，父亲没有意识到自己遇到这一时刻，所以这里指的是给父亲惊喜。故选D。
28．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当父亲上楼时，气氛中充满了期待，完全没有意识到他即将遇到的激动人心的场面。A. impatient没有耐心的；B. unbelievable不可思议的；C. unaware没有意识到的；D. uncertain不确定的。根据上文“They made a plan to ____7____ their father, leading him upstairs under the trick of an ordinary call.”女儿们给父亲惊喜，可知，此处指的是父亲没有意识到这一时刻的到来。故选C。
29．考查副词词义辨析。句意：当他看到妻子穿着三十年前的婚纱时，他明显被感动了，被一波又一波的回忆和情感所打动。A. finally最终；B. visibly明显地；C. naturally自然地；D. initially最初。根据下文“struck by a wave of memories and emotions”可知，父亲被一波又一波的回忆和情绪打动着，所以这里是明显被感动了。故选B。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：看到她穿着那件象征着他们婚礼的礼服，他说不出话来，回忆起他们共同人生旅程的开始。A. recalling回忆；B. enhancing提高；C. forming形成；D. involving涉及。根据前文“The sight of her in that dress, a symbol of their wedding day, left him speechless”可知，母亲穿上婚纱，使得父亲说不出话来，所以此处指的是父亲在回忆他们共同人生旅程的开始。故选A。
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他亲吻她的时候，整个房间都屏住了呼吸，每一个动作都充满了历史和感情，他低声说出了充满真诚的誓言：“30年后，我仍然选择你。”A. wasted浪费；B. held抓住，捂住；C. drew吸引，画画；D. got得到。hold one’s breath为固定搭配，意为“屏住呼吸”。故选B。
32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他亲吻她的时候，整个房间都屏住了呼吸，每一个动作都充满了历史和感情，他低声说出了充满真诚的誓言：“30年后，我仍然选择你。” A. familiarity熟悉；B. politeness礼貌；C. affection喜爱；D. gender性别。根据下文“whispering a vow (誓言) that was filled with heartfelt ____13____: ‘I still choose you after 30 years.’”父亲说仍然会选择母亲，可知，此处指的是充满了感情。故选C。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他亲吻她的时候，整个房间都屏住了呼吸，每一个动作都充满了历史和感情，他低声说出了充满真诚的誓言：“30年后，我仍然选择你。”A. sincerity 真诚；B. insight了解；C. apology道歉；D. lyric歌词。根据前文“whispering a vow”父亲说出了誓言，可知，此处指的是充满真诚。故选A。
34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的话简单而深刻，强调了一种双向的选择，即日复一日地继续彼此珍惜。A. significance意义；B. boredom无聊；C. simplicity简单；D. appearance外貌。根据上文“‘I still choose you after 30 years.’”父亲，仍然会选择母亲的誓言，可知，此处指的是简单而深刻的话。故选C。
35．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的话简单而深刻，强调了一种双向的选择，即日复一日地继续彼此珍惜。A. push-pull推拉式的；B. low-key低调的；C. eye-catching显著的；D. two-way双向的。根据下文“to continue cherishing each other, day after day”互相珍惜，可知，此处指的是双向的选择。故选D。
36．officially 37．has earned 38．points 39．who 40．to produce 41．combination 42．for 43．the 44．made 45．employing
【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道。《哪吒》是7月26日在中国电影院正式上映的最新的一部动画片，该片的主题是打破旧规则和改变命运，其科技含量很高，获得了观众的好评。
36．考查副词。句意：《哪吒》是7月26日在中国电影院正式上映的最新的一部动画片。分析句式可知，设空处所给词是修饰动词opened的，修饰动词要用副词，因此，用official的副词形式。故填officially。
37．考查时态。句意：自7月26日以来，该片票房收入超过1.4亿元。根据上下文语境，尤其是时间状语Since July 26可知，该句用现在完成时态，故填has earned。
38．考查名词复数。句意：中国最大的电影点评网站豆瓣网给这部影片打了8.8分，满分是10分。point是可数名词，前面有数字8.8修饰，故用复数形式points。
39．考查定语从句。句意：导演杨钰下定决心拍摄一部以打破旧规则、改变命运为主题的电影。分析句子结构可知，两个逗号之间为非限制性定语从句，先行词为Yang Yu（人名），且从句缺主语。故填who。
40．考查固定搭配。句意：导演杨钰下定决心拍摄一部以打破旧规则、改变命运为主题的电影。本句运用了make up one’s mind to do sth，意为“下定决心去做某事”，故填to produce。
41．考查名词。句意：杨选择了《哪吒》作为角色人物，它代表了叛逆但直率的青春。由空格前的定冠词the可以确定空格处应该填名词形式，combine的名词是combination。故填combination。
42．考查固定搭配。句意：小说中，哪吒生于商朝，以对抗龙王而闻名。本句运用了be famous for，意为“以……闻名”。故填for。
43．考查形容词最高级。句意：这是中国有史以来最复杂的动画片。根据后面的most complex可知，它是最复杂的，前面要加上定冠词the。故填the。
44．考查过去分词。句意：这是中国有史以来最复杂的动画片。句中cartoon production和动词make是被动关系，应使用过去分词表被动，作cartoon production的定语。故填made。
45．考查非谓语动词。句意：电影有1300多个特效镜头，雇用1600多人，来实现影片的童话场景的布置。本句谓语动词为“has和took over”，所以空格处动词employ应使用非谓语动词形式。“雇佣”这个动作是由it发出的，所以使用现在分词形式。故填employing。
46．Nowadays, many classics have been adapted for movies. As for me, I am obsessed with reading original works more than movies.
Books have their own charms. To begin with, we can get more detailed information and appreciate more fantastic plots from the original. Meanwhile, the languages used in books are more vivid and impressive. Most importantly, books can cultivate our wisdom and inspire our imagination so that we can better understand the author’s ideas.
I sincerely hope more and more students can pick up an original work and enjoy the same joy that I have while reading.
【分析】本篇书面表达属于议论文，当前不少文学作品被改编成电影。有人选择看电影，有人则喜欢读原著（original work），某网站发起以“Film or book, which do you prefer ”为题的讨论，要求考生写一篇英语短文，发到该网站，要点如下：1. 你的选择；2. 选择理由；3. 表达期待。
【详解】1.词汇积累
吸引力：charm→attraction
同时：meanwhile→at the same time
生动的：vivid→lively
培养：cultivate →train
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：Books have their own charms. To begin with, we can get more detailed information and appreciate more fantastic plots from the original.
拓展句：Books have their own charms, from which we can get more detailed information and appreciate more fantastic plots.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Most importantly, books can cultivate our wisdom and inspire our imagination so that we can better understand the author’s ideas.(运用了so that引导结果状语从句)
[高分句型2] I sincerely hope more and more students can pick up an original work and enjoy the same joy that I have while reading.(运用了省略了that的宾语从句)
47． Luckily, after about three hours, Sean saw the beach within reach. With his last strength, he pulled and kicked against the crashing waves, his lungs burning and limbs numb. Collapsing onto the sand, he gasped for air, but he knew the clock was ticking. “I must hurry up to save Tolin!” he muttered. Dragging his trembling feet, he headed toward the park headquarters, shouting, “One man is drowning along the cliff! Help!” Rangers heard him and rushed him inside for treatment, calling for the rescue team at the same time.
The rescue team headed out immediately for Tolin. A helicopter soared over the cliffs, its spotlight piercing through the rain. Suddenly, a faint whistle echoed — Tolin hung on to a rock, waving his arm. A rescuer on the rope approached him carefully, and then pulled him up aboard, wrapping him in a blanket. Minutes later, they took Tolin back to the headquarters to reunite with his friend. Sean held Tolin tight, tears streaming down his face. “Thank goodness you’ re fine,” Sean said, gripping his friend’s shoulders. Tolin nodded, “Your bravery and determination saved us.”
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了 Sean Royston 和好友 Tolin Annis 每两年进行一次探险的传统，在 2016 年他们选择在苏必利尔湖的岩石国家湖岸划皮艇。出发后遭遇恶劣天气，风浪变大，两人翻入水中，Sean 设法抓住皮艇，却无法逆风前行，呼叫救援因信号受阻无果，最终决定顺风向出发地海滩游去。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“幸运的是，大约三个小时后，Sean看到海滩近在咫尺。”可知，第一段可描写Sean 看到海滩后的行动。Sean 拼尽全力游向海滩，上岸后虽精疲力竭但心系 Tolin，立即前往公园总部求救，工作人员一边安排救治 Sean，一边呼叫救援团队，突出 Sean 对朋友的担忧和责任感。
②由第二段首句内容“救援队立刻出发去搜寻Tolin。”可知，第二段可描写救援团队对 Tolin 的救援过程及结果。直升机在悬崖上方搜索，最终发现 Tolin 并成功救援，Tolin 回到总部与 Sean 团聚，两人相互感慨，体现了友情以及救援成功的欣慰，同时强调 Sean 勇敢和坚定的品质。
2.续写线索：看到海滩拼力游上岸 —— 前往总部求救 —— 救援团队出发 —— 直升机发现并救起 Tolin—— 两人团聚表达感慨
3.词汇激活
行为类
①营救：save /rescue
②呼喊：shout /yell
③抓住：grip /grasp
情绪类：
①勇敢：bravery /courage
②失去知觉的：senseless/numb
【点睛】【高分句型 1】Collapsing onto the sand, he gasped for air, but he knew the clock was ticking.（运用了现在分词 Collapsing 作状语 ）
【高分句型 2】Suddenly, a faint whistle echoed— Tolin hung on to a rock, waving his arm.（运用了现在分词 waving 作状语 ）
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