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8A Unit 4 Hands-on fun知识清单
Welcome to the unit
考点句 1 Describe our own experience of making something. 描述我们亲手制作某物的经历。
词汇知识点
own v. 拥有
owner（n. 物主，所有人）
短语：
of one’s own：某人自己的
I have a room of my own.（我有自己的房间。）
on one’s own = alone/by oneself：独自地
He did the work on his own.（他独立完成了这项工作。）
experience
可数名词：一次经历
I had an exciting experience at the camp. 我在营地有一次令人兴奋的经历。
不可数名词：经验
He has much experience in teaching. 他在教学方面有丰富的经验。
动词：体验，经历
She experienced a lot of difficulties. 她经历了很多困难。
派生词：experienced（adj. 有经验的）
My father is an experienced driver. 我爸爸是一位有经验的司机。
考点句 2 What are you going to do, Suzy 你打算做什么，苏西？
语法知识点
be going to do sth. 表示计划或预见：
I’m going to clean my room.（我打算打扫房间。）
Look at those clouds! It's going to rain.（看那些云！快要下雨了。）
be going to do sth. 表示计划/预见
与 will 区别：
will：临时决定 / 预测
be going to：计划好的 / 有迹象
考点句 3 And I’ll cut the flower shapes. 我来剪出花朵的形状。
cut 短语搭配：
cut in (on sb.) 插嘴，打断
Don’t cut in when others are speaking.（别人说话时不要插嘴。）
cut down 砍倒；减少
We must cut down the number of plastic bags.（我们必须减少塑料袋的使用。）
cut out 剪下；删除
Cut out the shapes from the paper.（从纸上剪出形状。）
cut off 切断
The electricity was cut off.（电被切断了。）
cut across 抄近路
He cut across the park to get home faster.（他抄近路穿过公园回家。）
考点句 4 When our job is complete. 当我们的任务完成时。
语法与词汇
complete
v. 完成（只能接名词作宾语） complete the homework（完成作业）
adj. 完整的，彻底的 a complete failure（彻底的失败）
pletely The room was completely silent.（房间完全安静。）
【辨析】finish 可接动词-ing
finish doing = 做完某事 I finished reading the book.（我读完了这本书。）
Reading
考点句 1 My cousin Andrew is crazy about DIY. 我表哥安德鲁特别痴迷于 DIY。
词汇与短语
be crazy about (doing) sth. 表示“痴迷于做某事”
= like/enjoy (doing) sth. very much
→ She is crazy about collecting stamps.
→ He is crazy about playing video games.
考点句 2 However, he is not a born handyman! 然而，他并不是天生的能工巧匠！
词汇与语法
however 副词，意为“然而”，语气较弱，可放句首/中/末。
→ He worked hard. However, he failed.
but 是连词，语气更强，通常用于句首连接两个分句。
be born 出生；be born + on 表示具体出生日期
→ She was born in May.
→ He was born on New Year’s Day.
at birth：在出生时
→ The baby was healthy at birth.
例句积累
He is interested in painting. However, he is not a born artist.
他对绘画很感兴趣，但并不是天生的艺术家。
I love cooking, but I wasn’t born with the talent for it.
我喜欢做饭，但并不是天生就有烹饪天赋。
考点句 3
Once, he tried to put in a brighter light in his bedroom, but he made a mistake.
有一次，他试图在卧室安装一个更亮的灯泡，但他犯了个错误。
语法与词汇知识点
once
① adv. 曾经，表示过去的一次经历（常用于一般过去时）→ I once visited the Great Wall.
② adv. 一次，表示频率 → We have PE once a week.
put in：安装（设备、灯具、窗户等）→ They put in a new air conditioner last summer.
常见 put 短语：
put on（穿上）
put out（扑灭）
put up（搭建，举起）
mistake：
n.
make a mistake 犯错
make fewer mistakes 少犯错
mistake A for B 把 A 误认为 B
例句积累
Once, he tried to fix the washing machine, but he made things worse.
有一次他试图修洗衣机，但越修越糟。
考点句 4
Another time, he wanted to put up a picture on his bedroom wall, but he hit a pipe and filled the room with water. 又有一次，他想在卧室墙上挂一幅画，却打到了水管，把整个房间灌满了水。
词汇与语法知识点
another / other / the other / others
another：另一个（泛指三个或以上中的任一）→ I want another cup of tea.
the other：两者中的另一个 → One student is here, the other is absent.
other：其他的（形容词/限定词）→ He has other books.
others：其他人/其他事物（代词）→ Some students are playing, others are reading.
put up：挂起、张贴、搭建
→ We put up a tent in the park.
hit：击中，撞到（动词原形/过去式/过去分词均为 hit）
→ The car hit the wall.
fill...with...：用……填满……
→ He filled the glass with water. = The glass was filled with water.
例句积累
One day, he put up a painting, but broke the glass by accident.
有一天他挂画时不小心打碎了玻璃。
She filled the basket with fresh fruit from the garden.
她用花园里摘的新鲜水果装满了篮子。
考点句 5
But his mum told him, “Stop trying to fix things all by yourself, dear.”
但他妈妈告诉他说：“亲爱的，别总一个人修东西了。”
语法知识点
stop doing sth. 停止正在做的事
→ Stop playing games.
stop to do sth. 停下来去做另一件事
→ He stopped to drink water.
try to do sth. 努力去做某事
try doing sth. 尝试做某事
【区别举例】：
He tried to fix the chair.（努力修）
He tried fixing the chair.（尝试用修理来解决问题）
all by yourself = on your own：独自地，单独地
→ She made the cake all by herself.
考点句 6
He didn’t listen. Instead, he bought many books about DIY and took an online DIY course as well.
他没有听劝，反而买了很多 DIY 的书，还报了个在线课程。
词汇与用法
instead（副词）：作为替代
→ She didn’t call. She wrote a letter instead.
instead of（介词短语）：不是……而是……
→ I stayed at home instead of going to the party.
【区别总结】：
表达方式 用法 后接内容
instead of 否定替换 名词 / 代词 / 动词 ing
instead 肯定替换 通常放句首/中/尾，独立成句
buy sth. for sb. = buy sb. sth.→ He bought a book for me. = He bought me a book.
take a course in sth. = attend a course in sth.：参加……课程→ He’s taking a course in computer science.
例句积累
She didn’t give up. Instead, she worked even harder.
她没有放弃，反而更加努力。
I took a course in public speaking to overcome my fear.
我参加了一个演讲课程来克服我的恐惧。
考点句 7
One day, he found my room in a mess, with books all over my bed.
有一天，他发现我的房间一团糟，书本散落在我的床上。
语法与词汇知识点
one day vs. some day
one day：用于过去或将来的“某一天”
→ One day, I met a famous writer.（过去）
→ I will visit Japan one day.（将来）
some day：仅用于将来，语气更模糊
→ I hope to become a scientist some day.
in a mess：凌乱的状态
→ Her desk is always in a mess.（她的桌子总是一团糟）
with + n. + 介词短语/形容词 表伴随结构
→ He stood there with his arms crossed.（他双臂交叉地站在那里）
考点句 8
“You’d better have a shelf for them,” he said.
“你最好给它们放个书架，”他说。
语法与表达知识点
had better (not) do sth.：表示建议或警告
→ You’d better take an umbrella.（你最好带把伞）
→ You’d better not be late.（你最好别迟到）
特点：无主语变化，句型固定。
It’s better to do sth.：更通用的建议说法
→ It’s better to ask first.（最好先问问）
例句积累
You’d better clean your desk, or you won’t find anything.
你最好把书桌收拾一下，不然什么都找不到。
You’d better put your books in order before Mum sees this mess.
你最好在妈妈发现之前把书整理好。
考点句 9
I was surprised to know that he made it himself.
我很惊讶地得知他是自己做的。
词汇与结构知识点
surprise（n./v. 惊讶）
to one's surprise：令人惊讶的是 → To my surprise, he passed the test.
surprise sb.：使某人吃惊 → The news surprised me.
surprised（adj. 人的情绪）→ I was surprised at the result.
surprising（adj. 令人惊讶的）→ It was a surprising result.
make 的用法
make sth. for sb.：为某人做某事 → He made a gift for me.
make sb. do sth.：让某人做某事 → She made me laugh.
make sb./sth. + adj./n.：使某人/某物变成…… → This made me nervous. / We made her monitor.
考点句 10
My cousin enjoys DIY and now no DIY seems impossible to him.
我表哥喜欢自己动手，现在没有什么 DIY 事他觉得做不到。
语法与词汇知识点
seem（系动词/不及物动词）
seem (to be) + adj./n.：看起来是……
→ She seems happy. / He seems (to be) a teacher.
seem + to do：似乎要做某事
→ He seems to like this idea.
It seems that...：形式主语句型→ It seems that nobody is at home.
possible / impossible
possible：可能的
impossible：不可能的（加前缀 im- 构成反义词）
decide to do sth.：决定做某事→ I decided to paint the wall.
make a decision (to do sth.)：下决心（做某事）
例句积累
She decided to fix the lamp by herself, even though it seemed impossible at first.
她决定亲自修灯，尽管一开始看起来不可能。
Grammar
语法知识点1：祈使句的构成与用法
祈使句用于发出命令、建议、请求或警告，主语通常省略，默认是 “you”。
类型 肯定句 否定句 例句
Do 型 动词原形 + 其他 Don't + 动词原形 + 其他 Open the window. / Don't be noisy.
Be 型 Be + 表语 Don't be + 表语 Be quiet. / Don't be late.
Let 型 Let + sb. + 动词原形 + 其他 Don't let sb. do sth. / Let sb. not do sth. Let me try. / Don't let him leave.
无动词型 常用于标语或口语提示 — No smoking! / This way, please!
语法知识点2：should 与 had better 的区别与用法
项目 should had better
含义 应该（表达建议、责任、义务） 最好（表达强烈建议，有警示意味）
时态变化 无人称和时态变化 had 是虚拟形式，实为现在时态使用
否定形式 should not (shouldn’t) had better not
语气强弱 相对温和 语气更强，有后果暗示
Integration
考点句 1
Please don't give up. Keep trying and you will find you can remember things better.
请不要放弃。坚持努力，你会发现记东西变得更容易。
语法知识点
① give up：放弃
give up sth / doing sth
He gave up smoking last year.（他去年戒烟了。）
常用于鼓励句型中：Don’t give up!
② keep doing sth.：持续做某事
Keep reading, and you’ll understand it better.（继续读下去，你会更明白。）
③ 祈使句 + and/or + 陈述句：
表示条件结果关系，功能类似于 if 条件句。
祈使句结构 同义条件句
Hurry up, or you will miss the bus. If you don’t hurry up, you will miss the bus.
Work hard, and you will succeed. If you work hard, you will succeed.
例句积累
Don’t be afraid. Try again and you will improve.
不要害怕。再试一次，你会进步的。
考点句 2
You had better not / shouldn’t begin your work without reading them.
你最好不要在不读它们的情况下就开始做作业。
语法知识点
① begin (v.) 开始
begin to do / doing sth = start to do / doing sth
She began to cry. / She began crying.
beginning (n.) 开始
In the beginning, I didn’t understand anything.（一开始我什么都不懂。）
② without (prep.) 没有、缺乏
without sb. / sth. / doing sth
Don’t go out without taking your keys.（别不带钥匙就出门。）
He solved the problem without any help.（他在没有帮助的情况下解决了问题。）
③ patient
adj. 有耐心的
You must be patient with young children.（你必须对小孩子有耐心。）
n. 病人
There are many patients in the hospital.（医院里有很多病人。）
例句积累
You shouldn’t answer the question without thinking.
你不该不加思考就回答问题。
形容词的常见否定前缀规则：
规则 前缀 例词 反义词
① 一般规则 un- necessary unnecessary（不必要的）
un- friendly unfriendly（不友好的）
② c / e 开头 in- correct incorrect（不正确的）
in- expensive inexpensive（不昂贵的）
③ p 开头 im- proper improper（不合适的）
im- polite impolite（不礼貌的）
④ r 开头 ir- regular irregular（不规则的）
ir- responsible irresponsible（不负责任的）
⑤ 特殊规则 dis- honest dishonest（不诚实的）
dis- satisfied dissatisfied（不满意的）
注意：
否定前缀不能随意添加，要根据形容词首字母判断。
某些前缀还可用于动词（如：agree → disagree）。
例句积累
Her answer was incorrect, so she tried again.
她的回答不正确，于是又尝试了一次。
That’s an impolite way to talk to your parents.
那样和父母说话很不礼貌。
考点句 3
Tie-dyeing is not only a form of art, but also a lifestyle.
扎染不仅是一种艺术形式，更是一种生活方式。
词汇知识点
not only... but also... 结构说明：
表示“不但……而且……”
连接两个主语时，遵循“就近原则”决定谓语动词单复数。
例句转换：
Mr Yang is not only my teacher but also my friend.
= Mr Yang is both my teacher and my friend.
Not only you but also he is crazy about decorating houses.
= Both you and he are crazy about decorating houses.
form（n./v.）
n. 表格，形式
e.g. fill in a form（填表） / an art form（艺术形式）
v. 形成；构成
e.g. form a habit of reading（养成阅读的习惯）
例句积累
This project is not only fun but also meaningful.
这个项目不仅有趣，而且有意义。
Not only my classmates but also our teacher joined the DIY activity.
不仅我的同学们，连老师也参加了DIY活动。
考点句 4
If you want to have fun making new things at home, why not try tie-dyeing
如果你想在家制作新东西时获得乐趣，何不试试扎染呢？
语法知识点
建议类句型总结：
建议句型 示例
Let’s do sth. Let’s try something new.
Shall we... Shall we paint the wall together
How / What about doing... How about making a model car
Why not do... Why not create your own T-shirt
Would you like to... Would you like to join our DIY club
Would / Will you please... Will you please pass me the scissors
例句积累
Why not make something useful out of waste paper
为什么不试着用废纸做些有用的东西呢？
Let’s try to decorate the room with handmade items.
咱们用手工物品来装饰房间吧。
考点句 5
I like making new things out of old ones. It can reduce waste.
我喜欢用旧物做新东西。这可以减少浪费。
词汇/语法知识点
reduce
reduce sth. to...：减少到某个程度
reduce sth. by...：减少了多少百分比
例句：
Costs will be reduced by as much as 90%.（成本将减少多达90%。）
The number of plastic bags has been reduced to a minimum.（塑料袋数量已减少到最低。）
例句积累
Reusing paper can help reduce waste at school.
重复利用纸张可以帮助学校减少浪费。
Recycling bottles and cans can reduce pollution.
回收瓶子和易拉罐可以减少污染。
考点句 6
I love DIY because I find I’m good at it.
我喜欢DIY，因为我发现自己很擅长它。
词汇知识点
be good at sth.：擅长某事
be good for sth.：对……有益
be good to sb.：对某人好
同义表达：do well in = be good at
反义表达：be weak in（不擅长）
例句积累
I’m good at solving problems with my hands.
我擅长用双手解决问题。
She is good at making creative decorations.
她擅长做有创意的装饰品。
考点句 7
Doing DIY brings me great joy.
做DIY让我感到非常快乐。
词汇知识点
bring vs. take
bring：带来（朝说话人方向）
e.g. Please bring me your notebook.
take：带走（离开说话人方向）
e.g. Take your umbrella with you.
例句积累
Painting brings me a lot of happiness.
画画给我带来了很多快乐。
Making gifts by hand brings joy to both me and the receiver.
手工制作礼物既让我开心，也让收礼人感到高兴。
考点句 8
We felt very proud and happy!
我们感到非常自豪和快乐！
词汇知识点
be proud of = take pride in：为……感到自豪
pride（n.）骄傲
e.g. He is the pride of his family.
be proud to do sth.：为做某事感到自豪
例句积累
I was proud of my handmade model.
我为我自己做的模型感到自豪。
They were proud to present their group project.
他们为展示小组项目而感到骄傲。

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