Unit 7 The natural world单词增量讲解【提高词汇量及词汇辨识能力】新译林版 初中英语八上

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Unit 7 The natural world单词增量讲解【提高词汇量及词汇辨识能力】新译林版 初中英语八上

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2024新译林版 初中英语八上
Unit 7 The natural world
单词增量讲解
【提高词汇量及词汇辨识能力】
1. include / n klu d/ vt. 包括
同义词: contain, comprise
派生词: inclusive(adj. 包容的)
例句: The ecosystem includes plants, animals, and microorganisms.
(生态系统包括植物、动物和微生物。)
2. coral / k r l/ n. 珊瑚
coral reef(珊瑚礁)
例句: Coral reefs are home to thousands of marine species.
(珊瑚礁是数千种海洋物种的家园。)
3. penguin / pe ɡw n/ n. 企鹅
例句: Penguins live in cold regions like Antarctica.
(企鹅生活在南极等寒冷地区。)
4. rainfall / re nf l/ n. 降雨量
派生词: rainy(adj. 多雨的)
短语搭配: heavy rainfall(强降雨)
例句: The tropical rainforest receives high annual rainfall.
(热带雨林年降雨量很高。)
5. climate / kla m t/ n. 气候
同义词: weather pattern
(对比) microclimate(小气候)
例句: Desert climates are dry and hot during the day.
(沙漠气候白天干燥炎热。)
6. wetland / wetl nd/ n. 湿地
派生词: wetland conservation(湿地保护)
例句: Wetlands act like the "kidneys" of the earth.
(湿地像地球的“肾脏”一样起作用。)
7.ecosystem / i k s st m/ n. 生态系统
同义词: environment, biological community
短语搭配: protect ecosystem(保护生态系统)
例句: Forests are complex ecosystems that support diverse wildlife.
(森林是复杂的生态系统,支持着多样的野生动物。)
8. non-living / n n l v / adj. 非生物的
反义词: living(生物的)
例句: Rocks and water are non-living components of an ecosystem.
(岩石和水是生态系统的非生物组成部分。)
9. pond /p nd/ n. 池塘
pond life(池塘生物)
例句: Frogs often live near ponds.
(青蛙常生活在池塘附近。)
10. hold /h ld/ vt. 容纳;持有
同义词: contain, store
短语搭配: hold water(容纳水)
例句: The ocean holds about 97% of Earth's water.
(海洋容纳了地球上约97%的水。)
11. return /r t n/ vi. 返回
短语: return to nature(回归自然)
例句: Migratory birds return to the same nesting sites each year.
(候鸟每年返回相同的筑巢地。)
12. get rid of /ɡet r d v/ 清除
同义词: remove, eliminate
例句: We should get rid of plastic waste to protect oceans.
(我们应清除塑料垃圾以保护海洋。)
13. prevent /pr vent/ vt. 防止
派生词: prevention(n. 预防)
短语搭配: prevent pollution(防止污染)
例句: Trees prevent soil erosion during heavy rains.
(树木在暴雨时防止土壤侵蚀。)
14. store /st (r)/ vt. 储存
派生词: storage(n. 储存)
例句: Camels store fat in their humps to survive in deserts.
(骆驼在驼峰中储存脂肪以在沙漠中生存。)
15. sponge /sp nd / n. 海绵
派生词: sponge-like(adj. 海绵状的)
例句: Wetlands absorb water like sponges during floods.
(湿地像海绵一样在洪水时吸收水分。)
16. act / kt/ vi. 起作用
短语搭配: act as(充当)
例句: Coral reefs act as natural barriers against storms.
(珊瑚礁充当抵御风暴的天然屏障。)
17. kidney / k dni/ n. 肾脏
派生词: kidney-shaped(adj. 肾形的)
例句: The human kidney filters waste from the blood.
(人类肾脏从血液中过滤废物。)
18. carbon dioxide / kɑ b n da ksa d/ n. 二氧化碳
例句: Plants absorb carbon dioxide during photosynthesis.
(植物在光合作用中吸收二氧化碳。)
19. trap /tr p/ vt. 吸收;使落入险境
同义词: capture, ensnare
例句: Forests trap carbon dioxide, slowing climate change.
(森林吸收二氧化碳,减缓气候变化。)
20. therefore / e f (r)/ adv. 因此
同义词: thus, consequently
例句: The rainforest is disappearing; therefore, many species are endangered.
(雨林正在消失,因此许多物种濒危。)
21. lung /l / n. 肺
lung capacity(肺活量)
短语搭配: lungs of the earth(地球之肺,喻指森林)
例句: Trees act like the lungs of the earth, absorbing carbon dioxide.
(树木像地球的肺一样,吸收二氧化碳。)
22. sadly / s dli/ adv. 不幸地
反义词: fortunately(幸运地)
例句: Sadly, many coral reefs are dying due to pollution.
(不幸的是,许多珊瑚礁因污染而死亡。)
23. ton /t n/ n. 吨
短语搭配: tons of(大量的)
例句: The ocean produces over 70% of the oxygen we breathe.
(海洋生产了我们呼吸的70%以上的氧气。)
24. harm /hɑ m/ vt. 伤害
同义词: damage, injure
派生词: harmless(adj. 无害的)
短语搭配: do harm to(对……有害)
例句: Plastic waste does great harm to marine animals.
(塑料垃圾对海洋动物危害极大。)
25. wildlife / wa ldla f/ n. 野生动物
派生词: wildlife conservation(野生动物保护)
例句: Protecting wildlife is everyone's duty.
(保护野生动物是每个人的责任。)
26. balance / b l ns/ n. 平衡
派生词: balanced(adj. 平衡的)
短语搭配: ecological balance(生态平衡)
例句: A healthy ecosystem maintains a natural balance.
(健康的生态系统保持自然平衡。)
27. create /kri e t/ vt. 创造
派生词: creation(n. 创造物)
例句: Humans create pollution, but can also create solutions.
(人类制造污染,但也能创造解决方案。)
28. project / pr d ekt/ n. 项目
派生词: project manager(项目经理)
短语搭配: a research project(一个研究项目)
例句: Our class started a wetland protection project.
(我们班开展了一个湿地保护项目。)
29. environment-friendly / n va r nm nt frendli/ adj. 环保的
反义词: environment-unfriendly(不环保的)
例句: Use environment-friendly bags to reduce plastic waste.
(使用环保袋以减少塑料垃圾。)
30. sand /s nd/ n. 沙子
派生词: sandy(adj. 多沙的)
短语搭配: sand storm(沙尘暴)
例句: Deserts are covered with endless sand.
(沙漠被无尽的沙子覆盖。)
31. noisy / n zi/ adj. 吵闹的
反义词: quiet(安静的)
派生词: noise(n. 噪音)
例句: Coral reefs are noisy with the sounds of marine life.
(珊瑚礁因海洋生物的声音而喧闹。)
32. system / s st m/ n. 系统
派生词: systematic(adj. 系统的)
短语搭配: solar system(太阳系)
例句: The ecosystem is a complex system of living and non-living things.
(生态系统是由生物和非生物组成的复杂系统。)
33. cause /k z/ vt. 导致
同义词: lead to, result in
派生词: cause and effect(因果关系)
例句: Deforestation causes soil erosion and climate change.
(森林砍伐导致水土流失和气候变化。)
34. damage / d m d / vt. 破坏
派生词: damaged(adj. 被破坏的)
短语搭配: environmental damage(环境破坏)
例句: Oil spills severely damage ocean habitats.
(石油泄漏严重破坏海洋栖息地。)
35. cover / k v (r)/ vt. 覆盖
派生词: coverage(n. 覆盖范围)
短语搭配: cover with(用……覆盖)
例句: Snow covered the mountains in winter.
(冬天,雪覆盖了山脉。)
36. rare /re (r)/ adj. 稀有的
反义词: common(常见的)
派生词: rarely(adv. 很少地)
例句: The giant panda is a rare species in China.
(大熊猫是中国的一种稀有物种。)
37. daytime / de ta m/ n. 白天
反义词: nighttime(夜晚)
例句: Many animals hunt at night and rest during the daytime.
(许多动物夜间捕猎,白天休息。)
38. lead /li d/ vi. 导致(同 cause)
派生词: leader(n. 领导者)
短语搭配: lead to(导致)
例句: Smoking can lead to serious health problems.
(吸烟可能导致严重的健康问题。)
39. mud /m d/ n. 泥
派生词: muddy(adj. 泥泞的)
短语搭配: stuck in the mud(陷在泥里)
例句: After the rain, the path became muddy.
(雨后,小路变得泥泞不堪。)
40. set up /set p/ 建立
同义词: establish, found
例句: We set up a bird-watching club to protect local wildlife.
(我们成立了一个观鸟俱乐部来保护当地野生动物。)
41. knowledge / n l d / n. 知识
派生词: knowledgeable(adj. 知识渊博的)
短语搭配: share knowledge(分享知识)
例句: Learning about ecosystems increases our environmental knowledge.
(学习生态系统知识能增强我们的环保意识。)
42. wastewater / we stw t (r)/ n. 废水
派生词: wastewater treatment(废水处理)
例句: Factories must treat wastewater before releasing it into rivers.
(工厂必须在将废水排入河流前进行处理。)
43. solve /s lv/ vt. 解决
派生词: solution(n. 解决方案)
短语搭配: solve a problem(解决问题)
例句: We need to solve the plastic pollution crisis.
(我们需要解决塑料污染危机。)
44. kill /k l/ vt. 杀死
反义词: save(拯救)
派生词: killer(n. 杀手)
例句: Hunting kills many endangered animals each year.
(捕猎每年导致许多濒危动物死亡。)
45. environmental / n va r nm ntl/ adj. 环境的
派生词: environmentally friendly(环保的)
短语搭配: environmental protection(环境保护)
例句: Everyone should participate in environmental activities.
(每个人都应参与环保活动。)
46. support /s p t/ vt. 支持
派生词: supporter(n. 支持者)
短语搭配: support a cause(支持一项事业)
例句: Ecosystems support all life on Earth by providing food and oxygen.
(生态系统通过提供食物和氧气,支撑着地球上的所有生命。)
47. quite a few / kwa t fju / 相当多
同义词: several, a number of
例句: Quite a few students joined the beach cleanup activity.
(相当多的学生参加了海滩清理活动。)
48. north-east / n θ i st/ n. 东北
反义词: south-west(西南)
派生词: northeastern(adj. 东北的)
例句: The wetland is located in the north-east of the country.
(这片湿地位于国家的东北部。)
49. resource /r s rs/
- 词性: n.
- 翻译: 资源
- 同义词:
- asset (n. 资产)
- supply (n. 供应)
- 反义词:
- waste (n. 浪费)
- 派生词:
- resourceful (adj. 足智多谋的)
- resourcefulness (n. 机智)
- 短语:
- natural resources 自然资源
- renewable resources 可再生资源
- 例句:
- We must use water resources wisely.
我们必须明智利用水资源。
50. pollution /p lu n/
- 词性: n.
- 翻译: 污染
- 反义词:
- purity (n. 纯净)
- 派生词:
- pollute (v. 污染)
- pollutant (n. 污染物)
- 短语:
- air pollution 空气污染
- water pollution 水污染
- 例句:
- Factories cause serious pollution.
工厂造成严重污染。
51. energy / en rd i/
- 词性: n.
- 翻译: 能源;能量
- 同义词:
- power (n. 动力)
- 反义词:
- exhaustion (n. 枯竭)
- 派生词:
- energetic (adj. 精力充沛的)
- energize (v. 使充满能量)
- 短语:
- renewable energy 可再生能源
- save energy 节约能源
- 例句:
- Solar energy is clean and sustainable.
太阳能是清洁且可持续的。
52. recycle / ri sa kl/
- 词性: v.
- 翻译: 回收利用
- 同义词:
- reuse (v. 再利用)
- 反义词:
- waste (v. 浪费)
- 派生词:
- recycling (n. 回收)
- recyclable (adj. 可回收的)
- 短语:
- recycle paper 回收纸张
- recycling bin 回收箱
- 例句:
- We should recycle plastic bottles.
我们应该回收塑料瓶。
53. survive /s r va v/
- 词性: v.
- 翻译: 生存
- 同义词:
- endure (v. 忍耐)
- 反义词:
- perish (v. 灭亡)
- 派生词:
- survival (n. 生存)
- survivor (n. 幸存者)
- 短语:
- survive in the wild 在野外生存
- survival skills 生存技能
- 例句:
- Some animals can survive extreme cold.
有些动物能在极寒中生存。
54. fragile / fr d a l/ adj. 脆弱的
反义词: robust(强健的)
派生词: fragility(n. 脆弱性)
短语搭配: fragile ecosystem(脆弱的生态系统)
例句: Coral reefs are fragile and easily damaged by pollution.
(珊瑚礁非常脆弱,容易被污染破坏。)
55. sustainable /s ste n bl/ adj. 可持续的
反义词: unsustainable(不可持续的)
派生词: sustainability(n. 可持续性)
短语搭配: sustainable development(可持续发展)
例句: We need to use resources in a sustainable way to protect the planet.
(我们需要以可持续的方式利用资源来保护地球。)
56. diverse /da v s/ adj. 多样的
派生词: diversity(n. 多样性)
短语搭配: biodiversity(生物多样性)
例句: The rainforest has a diverse range of plants and animals.
(雨林中有各种各样的动植物。)
57. severe /s v (r)/ adj. 严重的
同义词: serious, extreme
派生词: severity(n. 严重性)
短语搭配: severe pollution(严重污染)
例句: Climate change is causing severe weather events worldwide.
(气候变化正在全球范围内引发极端天气事件。)
58. vital / va tl/ adj. 至关重要的
同义词: essential, crucial
派生词: vitality(n. 活力)
短语搭配: vital to life(对生命至关重要)
例句: Clean water is vital for all living things.
(清洁的水对所有生物都至关重要。)

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