Unit 8 Safe and sound单词增量讲解【提高词汇量及词汇辨识能力】新译林版 初中英语八上

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Unit 8 Safe and sound单词增量讲解【提高词汇量及词汇辨识能力】新译林版 初中英语八上

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2024新译林版 初中英语八上
Unit 8 Safe and sound
单词增量讲解
【提高词汇量及词汇辨识能力】
1 emergency / m d nsi/ n. 紧急情况
同义词: crisis(危机)
反义词: safety(安全)
派生词: emergency exit(紧急出口)
短语搭配: in an emergency(在紧急情况下)
例句:
Call 120 in an emergency.(遇到紧急情况拨打120。)
2 situation / s t u e n/ n. 情况
同义词: circumstance(环境)
派生词: situational(adj. 情境相关的)
短语搭配: complex situation(复杂情况)
例句:
The situation was chaotic after the earthquake.(地震后情况一片混乱。)
typhoon /ta fu n/ n. 台风
同义词: hurricane(飓风,用于西半球)
派生词: typhoon season(台风季)
例句:
The typhoon forced schools to close.(台风迫使学校停课。)
3 fireman / fa m n/ n. 消防员(pl. firemen)
派生词: firefighter(更常用的现代表述)
短语搭配: fire brigade(消防队)
例句:
Firemen rescued people from the burning building.(消防员从燃烧的大楼中救出了人。)
4 wound /wu nd/ n. 伤口
派生词: wounded(adj. 受伤的)
短语搭配: serious wound(重伤)
例句:
The soldier had a wound on his leg.(士兵腿部受了伤。)
5 shout / a t/ vi. & n. 呼喊
同义词: scream(尖叫)
派生词: shouting(n. 呼喊声)
短语搭配: shout for help(呼救)
例句:
He shouted to warn others of the danger.(他大声呼喊警告其他人危险。)
6 bleed /bli d/ vi. 流血
派生词: bleeding(n. 流血;adj. 流血的)
短语搭配: bleed heavily(大量流血)
例句:
The injured man was bleeding badly.(受伤的男子流血不止。)
7 press /pres/ vt. & vi. 按,压
派生词: pressure(n. 压力)
短语搭配: press the button(按按钮)
例句:
Press the red button to stop the machine.(按红色按钮停止机器。)
8 homeless / h mle s/ adj. 无家可归的
反义词: housed(有住所的)
派生词: homelessness(n. 无家可归状态)
短语搭配: homeless people(无家可归的人)
例句:
The flood left many people homeless.(洪水使许多人无家可归。)
9 silent / sa l nt/ adj. 安静的
同义词: quiet(安静的)
反义词: noisy(嘈杂的)
派生词: silence(n. 沉默)
短语搭配: keep silent(保持沉默)
例句:
The classroom was silent after the announcement.(公告后教室一片寂静。)
例句: The firemen put out the fire quickly.(消防员迅速扑灭了火。)
10 earthquake / θkwe k/ n. 地震
同义词: tremor(轻微地震)
派生词: earthquake-proof(adj. 防震的)
短语搭配: earthquake drill(地震演习)
例句:
The earthquake destroyed many buildings.(地震摧毁了许多建筑物。)
11 flood /fl d/ n. 洪水
同义词: deluge(大洪水)
派生词: floodplain(n. 泛滥平原)
短语搭配: flash flood(突发洪水)
例句:
The flood submerged entire villages.(洪水淹没了整个村庄。)
thunderstorm / θ nd st m/ n. 雷暴
派生词: thunderbolt(n. 雷电)
短语搭配: severe thunderstorm(强雷暴)
例句:
Stay indoors during a thunderstorm.(雷暴时待在室内。)
12 tornado /t ne d / n. 龙卷风
同义词: twister(口语化表达)
派生词: tornado alley(龙卷风走廊)
例句:
The tornado uprooted trees and damaged houses.(龙卷风连根拔起树木并摧毁房屋。)
13 avalanche / v lɑ n / n. 雪崩
派生词: avalanche rescue(雪崩救援)
例句:
Skiers must be aware of avalanche risks.(滑雪者必须警惕雪崩风险。)
14 ambulance / mbj l ns/ n. 救护车
派生词: ambulance crew(救护人员)
短语搭配: call an ambulance(叫救护车)
例句:
An ambulance rushed the injured to hospital.(救护车迅速将伤者送往医院。)
15 bandage / b nd d / n. 绷带
派生词: bandage roll(绷带卷)
短语搭配: apply a bandage(包扎伤口)
例句:
The nurse cleaned the wound and put on a bandage.(护士清理伤口并包扎。)
16 first-aid kit / f st e d k t/ n. 急救箱
派生词: first-aid manual(急救手册)
例句:
Every home should have a first-aid kit.(每个家庭都应有急救箱。)
17 warning / w n / n. 警告
派生词: warning sign(警告标志)
短语搭配: issue a warning(发布警告)
例句:
The weather bureau issued a typhoon warning.(气象局发布了台风警告。)
18 shelter / elt (r)/ n. 避难所
同义词: refuge(避难处)
派生词: shelter from the storm(躲避风暴)
例句:
People gathered in shelters during the flood.(洪水期间人们聚集在避难所。)
19 collapse /k l ps/ vi. 倒塌;崩溃
同义词: crumble(崩塌)
派生词: collapse zone(坍塌区)
短语搭配: building collapse(建筑物倒塌)
例句:
The old bridge collapsed under the weight of the truck.(旧桥在卡车重压下倒塌。)
20 trap /tr p/ vt. 困住
派生词: trapped(adj. 被困的)
短语搭配: trap sb. in the ruins(将某人困在废墟中)
例句:
Many people were trapped in their cars during the flood.(洪水期间许多人被困在车里。)
21 survive /s va v/ vi. 幸存
同义词: live through(经历后存活)
派生词: survivor(n. 幸存者)
短语搭配: survive a disaster(灾难中幸存)
例句:
Only a few survivors were found after the earthquake.(地震后仅发现少数幸存者。)
22 injure / nd (r)/ vt. 受伤
派生词: injury(n. 伤害)
短语搭配: seriously injured(重伤)
例句:
Several people were injured in the car accident.(车祸中多人受伤。)
23 protect /pr tekt/ vt. 保护
同义词: shield(庇护)
派生词: protection(n. 保护)
短语搭配: protect sb. from danger(保护某人免受危险)
例句:
Wear a helmet to protect your head.(戴头盔保护头部。)
24 escape / ske p/ vi. 逃脱
派生词: escape route(逃生路线)
短语搭配: narrow escape(死里逃生)
例句:
He had a narrow escape when the tree fell.(树倒下时他死里逃生。)
25 remain /r me n/ vi. 保持;留下
派生词: remaining(adj. 剩余的)
短语搭配: remain calm(保持冷静)
例句:
It’s important to remain calm in an emergency.(紧急情况下保持冷静很重要。)
26 severe /s v (r)/ adj. 严重的
同义词: serious(严重的)
反义词: mild(轻微的)
派生词: severity(n. 严重程度)
短语搭配: severe damage(严重破坏)
例句:
The storm caused severe damage to crops.(风暴对农作物造成严重破坏。)
27 urgent / d nt/ adj. 紧急的
派生词: urgency(n. 紧迫性)
短语搭配: urgent need(迫切需要)
例句:
There is an urgent need for medical supplies.(急需医疗物资。)
28 stable / ste bl/ adj. 稳定的
反义词: unstable(不稳定的)
派生词: stability(n. 稳定性)
短语搭配: stable condition(稳定状态)
例句:
The patient’s condition is now stable.(病人情况现已稳定。)
29 aftershock / ɑ ft k/ n. 余震
派生词: aftershock sequence(余震序列)
例句:
Rescuers paused work during aftershocks.(余震期间救援人员暂停作业。)
30 typhoon /ta fu n/ n. 台风
同义词: hurricane(飓风,大西洋地区)
派生词: typhoon season(台风季)
例句:
The typhoon disrupted flights and ferry services.(台风导致航班和渡轮停运。)
31 landslide / l ndsla d/ n. 山体滑坡
派生词: landslide prevention(滑坡防治)
例句:
Heavy rain triggered a landslide in the mountains.(暴雨引发山体滑坡。)
32 volcano /v l ke n / n. 火山
派生词: volcanic eruption(火山喷发)
短语搭配: active volcano(活火山)
例句:
The volcano spewed ash and lava for days.(火山连续数日喷发灰烬和熔岩。)
33 tsunami /tsu nɑ mi/ n. 海啸
派生词: tsunami warning system(海啸预警系统)
例句:
Coastal towns evacuated after the tsunami alert.(海啸警报后沿海城镇疏散居民。)
34 rescue team / reskju ti m/ n. 救援队
派生词: rescue operation(救援行动)
短语搭配: search and rescue(搜救)
例句:
The rescue team saved dozens of people trapped in the ruins.(救援队救出数十名被困废墟者。)
35 supplies /s pla z/ n. 物资(复数)
派生词: supply chain(供应链)
短语搭配: emergency supplies(应急物资)
例句:
Aid organizations delivered food and medical supplies.(援助组织运送了食物和医疗物资。)
36 evacuation / v kju e n/ n. 疏散
派生词: evacuate(v. 疏散)
短语搭配: mass evacuation(大规模疏散)
例句:
The evacuation of the city took hours.(城市疏散耗时数小时。)
37 siren / sa r n/ n. 警报器
派生词: air-raid siren(防空警报)
例句:
The siren warned of an incoming storm.(警报器发出风暴来临的警告。)
38 barrier / b ri (r)/ n. 障碍物
同义词: obstacle(障碍)
派生词: barrier gate(闸门)
短语搭配: natural barrier(天然屏障)
例句:
Fallen trees formed a barrier on the road.(倒下的树木在路上形成障碍。)
39 erupt / r pt/ vi. 喷发(火山/情绪)
派生词: eruption(n. 喷发)
短语搭配: volcanic eruption(火山喷发)
例句:
The volcano erupted without warning.(火山毫无预兆地喷发了。)
40 evacuate / v kjue t/ vt. 疏散
派生词: evacuation(n. 疏散)
短语搭配: evacuate a building(疏散建筑物内人员)
例句:
Residents were evacuated to safer areas.(居民被疏散到安全区域。)
41 alert / l t/ vt. 警报;使警惕
派生词: alertness(n. 警觉性)
短语搭配: raise the alert(发出警报)
例句:
The system will alert you to dangers.(系统会提醒你危险。)
42 reconstruct / ri k n str kt/ vt. 重建
派生词: reconstruction(n. 重建)
短语搭配: reconstruct a city(重建城市)
例句:
It took years to reconstruct the town after the earthquake.(地震后重建城镇耗时数年。)
43 donate /d ne t/ vt. 捐赠
派生词: donation(n. 捐赠)
短语搭配: donate money/blood(捐款/献血)
例句:
Many people donated clothes to the victims.(许多人向灾民捐赠衣物。)
44 recover /r k v (r)/ vi. 恢复
派生词: recovery(n. 恢复)
短语搭配: recover from illness(康复)
例句:
The economy is slowly recovering after the disaster.(灾后经济逐步复苏。)
45 assess / ses/ vt. 评估
派生词: assessment(n. 评估)
短语搭配: assess the damage(评估损失)
例句:
Experts are assessing the risk of further landslides.(专家正在评估进一步滑坡的风险。)
46 coordinate /k d ne t/ vt. 协调
派生词: coordination(n. 协调)
短语搭配: coordinate rescue efforts(协调救援工作)
例句:
The UN is coordinating aid deliveries.(联合国正在协调援助物资运送。)
47 block /bl k/ vt. 阻塞
派生词: blockade(n./v. 封锁)
短语搭配: block the road(堵路)
例句:
Fallen rocks blocked the entrance to the cave.(落石堵住了洞口。)
48 secure /s kj (r)/ vt. 保护;使安全
派生词: security(n. 安全)
短语搭配: secure the area(确保区域安全)
例句:
Soldiers secured the border after the disaster.(灾后士兵确保边境安全。)
49 critical / kr t kl/ adj. 危急的
反义词: non-critical(非危急的)
派生词: critically injured(重伤)
例句:
The patient is in critical condition.(病人情况危急。)
50 devastating / dev ste t / adj. 毁灭性的
派生词: devastate(v. 摧毁)
例句:
The flood had a devastating impact on the town.(洪水对城镇造成毁灭性打击。)
51 unpredictable / npr d kt bl/ adj. 不可预测的
反义词: predictable(可预测的)
派生词: unpredictability(n. 不可预测性)
例句:
Natural disasters are often unpredictable.(自然灾害往往不可预测。)
52 lifeless / la fl s/ adj. 无生命的
反义词: lively(充满生机的)
例句:
The earthquake left the area lifeless and deserted.(地震后该地区一片死寂。)
53 chaotic /ke t k/ adj. 混乱的
派生词: chaos(n. 混乱)
例句:
The streets were chaotic after the evacuation.(疏散后街道一片混乱。)
54 suddenly / s d nli/ adv. 突然地
同义词: abruptly(突然地)
例句:
The ground shook suddenly during the earthquake.(地震时地面突然震动。)
55 fortunately / f t n tli/ adv. 幸运地
反义词: unfortunately(不幸地)
例句:
Fortunately, no one was hurt in the accident.(幸运的是,事故中无人受伤。)
56 immediately / mi di tli/ adv. 立即
同义词: instantly(立刻)
例句:
Rescuers arrived immediately after the call.(救援人员在接到电话后立即赶到。)
相关短语:
in all directions:四处,到处
例句: People were running in all directions during the earthquake.(地震时人们四处逃散。)
put out:扑灭,熄灭
safe and sound:安然无恙
例句: She arrived home safe and sound.(她安然无恙地到家了。)

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