资源简介

(共28张PPT)
Unit 4 Inventions
主题范畴：
人与社会
主题群：
科学与技术
子主题：
科学技术与工程，人类发明与创新
Key question
What makes an invention great
master the meanings and usages of some key words;
describe the steps of printing a book with movable type；
know about other great inventions of ancient China.
Learning objectives 学习目标
At the end of the class, I’ll be able to:
notice
type
*mixture
heat
press
metal
/ n t s/ v. 看（或听）到；注意到
/ta p/ n. （印刷用的）活字
/ m kst (r)/ n. 混合物
/hi t/ v. 加热；变热
/pres/ v. （被）压
/ metl/ n. 金属
New words
Lead-in
Do you still remember what China’s Four Great Inventions are
Section 4 Extending and developing competencies
Focusing on culture
The famous four great inventions of ancient China have had a huge impact on the whole world. Let’s learn about one of them.
Read the story about Jane’s encounter with a great inventor from ancient China.
Movable type: a dream come true
Suddenly, Jane found herself inside a big room. She could see an open fire and a big desk with lots of strange tools. There was a man by the desk, and he was working with clay. He was so busy that he didn’t notice her.
It was nearly ten o’clock at night. Jane was in bed. She was reading a book about the history of printing when she fell asleep.
“Excuse me, what are you doing ” asked Jane.
“I’m going to print a book, so I’m making type,” the man replied.
“Type What is it Could you tell me more about it ” asked Jane.
“Sure. First, I cut characters into pieces of clay. Then I bake them with fire to make them hard. These ones are ready now—look, each character is a single piece of type. I need to make thousands of these before I can print the book,” said the man.
“Could you show me how to print with them ” asked Jane.
“First, spread out a mixture of pine gum (松脂), wax and paper ash (灰) on a metal plate. Next, put each piece of type on the plate and fix them with a frame (框架). After that, heat it up so that the mixture will melt. Then press down on the clay characters with a board to make sure the surface is even. Finally, brush the characters with ink (油墨)—now, it’s ready to print,” he explained.
“Oh, you must be Bi Sheng (毕昇),” Jane said. “I learnt about you in the book. You invented movable type. You know what, the German craftsman (工匠) Gutenberg improved your invention and introduced metal movable type to Europe about 400 years later.”
Bi Sheng smiled. At that moment, Jane woke up. It was only a dream ...! She looked at the book in her hands and smiled.
Bi Sheng was a craftsman and engineer in the Song dynasty. Sometime between 1039 and 1048, he invented movable-type printing technique. It is one of the four great inventions of ancient China.
Notes
注释
毕昇是宋朝的一位工匠和工程师。大约在1039到1048年之间，他发明了活字印刷术。这是中国古代四大发明之一。
Read the story on page 62 and fill in the table.
While-reading
Elements Content
Time _______________________
Characters _______________________
Event Before going to sleep, Jane read a book about the history of _______. Then she fell asleep and found herself in a big room, where she saw Bi Sheng making __________ with clay. Jane asked Bi Sheng about it, and Bi Sheng introduced movable type and the steps of printing a book with it to her. Finally, Jane realized it was just a _______. When she __________, she looked at the book in her hand and smiled.
Nearly ten o’clock at night
Jane, Bi Sheng
printing
movable type
dream
woke up
Describe the steps of printing a book with movable type with the information from the story on page 62.
Step 1: Cut characters into pieces of clay.
Step 2: (1) ________________________________________
Step 3: (2) ________________________________________
________________________________________
Step 4: (3) ________________________________________
________________________________________
Bake them with fire to make them hard.
Spread out a mixture of pine gum, wax and paper ash on a metal plate.
Put each piece of type on the plate and fix them with a frame.
Step 5: (4) ________________________________________
Step 6: (5) ________________________________________
________________________________________
Step 7: (6) ________________________________________
Heat it up so that the mixture will melt.
Press down on the clay characters with a board to make sure the surface is even.
Brush the characters with ink.
Role play
Excuse me, what are you doing
I’m going to print a book, so I’m making type.
Type What is it Could you tell me more about it
Sure. First, I cut characters into pieces of wood with fire to make them hard. These ones are ready now—look, each character is a single piece of type. I need to make thousands of these before I can print the book.
Could you show me how to print with them
First, spread out a mixture of pine gum, wax and paper ash on a metal plate. Next put each piece of type on the plate and press them with a flame. After that, heat it up so that the mixture will melt. Then fix down the clay characters with a board to make sure the surface is even. Finally, brush the characters with ink—now, it’s ready to print.
Thank you. I’m honoured.
Oh, you must be Bi Sheng. I’ve read about you in the book! You invented movable type. You know what The invention of movable type in ancient China is a great invention and introduced movable type to Europe about 400 years later.
Complete the sentences with the words below. Change the form if necessary.
(1) Bi Sheng was focusing on his work, so he didn’t ________ the girl standing there.
(2) When Jane saw Bi Sheng, he was making ________ from clay.
(3) We can ________ the clay down to make it flat.
(4) It’s quicker to ________ up the food in the microwave.
(5) Gold, iron and silver are all different types of ________.
notice
type
press
heat
metal
Discuss the questions below.
(1) Why is the invention of printing important in history
(2) What do you know about other great inventions of ancient China
Group discussion
(1) Why is the invention of printing important in history
One possible version
The invention of printing is important because it helps spread knowledge and books easily. More people can learn from books.
(2) What do you know about other great inventions of ancient China
Ancient China had many great inventions. For example, the compass helps people find directions when they travel. Gunpowder was also invented in ancient China. And paper is a very useful invention for writing.
Xuan paper is another important invention of ancient China. What do you know about it Find more online.
短语收藏夹
梦想成真
入睡
用黏土工作
把字符刻在泥块上
铺开
a dream come true
fall asleep
work with clay
cut characters into pieces of clay
spread out
短语收藏夹
用框架固定它们
加热……
压下
确保表面平整
准备印刷
醒来
fix them with a frame
heat ... up
press down
make sure the surface is even
be ready to print
wake up
1. He was so busy that he didn’t notice her.
notice ① v. 注意到 ② n. 通知；布告
常用搭配： take notice of 留意；关注 反义词：ignore忽视
Language points
Translate：
她没注意到时间。
She didn’t notice the time.
老师在墙上贴了一张通知。
The teacher put a notice on the wall.
2. After that, heat it up so that the mixture will melt.
heat ... up 加热
反义词： cool down （使）冷却
Translate：
请把牛奶放在微波炉里加热一分钟。
Please heat up the milk in the microwave for one minute.
你应该在把汤给孩子之前把它冷却一下。
You should cool down the soup before giving it to the kid.
选词填空：pressure, press, press down
①Don’t ____________ this flower.
②He feels a lot of ___________ at work.
③___________ on the handle to open the box.
3. Then press down on the clay characters with a board to make sure the surface is even.
press v. （被）压
词汇变形：pressure n. 压力；压强；压迫
常见搭配：press down 压下
Press down
pressure
press
1. I _________(注意到) a beautiful bird singing in the tree yesterday.
2. The bridge is made of strong _________(金属).
3. We need to _________(加热) the soup before having dinner.
4. The _________(混合物) of flour and water can make dough.
5. _________(按) the doorbell and someone will open the door for you.
6. The movable _________(活字) was widely used in ancient printing.
一、根据汉语提示，用单词的正确形式完成句子。
noticed
type
metal
heat
mixture
Press
It was nearly ten o’clock at night. Jane, who was in bed reading a book about the history of printing, fell asleep. Suddenly, she ______(find) herself in a big room with an open fire and a desk full of strange _______(tool). A man by the desk, so busy working with clay that he didn’t notice Jane, ___________(make) type to print a book. When Jane asked about it, the man explained he cut characters into clay pieces, baked them to harden, and needed thousands for a book. He then showed Jane how to print: spreading a mixture on a metal plate, putting type on it, heating to melt the _______(mix), pressing the clay characters with a board for an even surface, and brushing with ink. Finally, Jane realized the man must be Bi Sheng, the __________(invent) of movable type.
二、语法填空。
found
was making
mixture
inventor
tools
基础作业：
背诵文本中描述活字印刷制作过程的关键句子，巩固语言知识；
利用相关练习，巩固本课所学短语和句型。
拓展作业：
宣纸是中国古代的另一项重要发明。你对它了解多少？在线查找更多信息，用英语写80词左右短文，下节课分享。

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