2024新人教版初中英语八上单词表词汇(C-D)增量讲解(按照课本 单词表 排序)依据【2022新课标】

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2024新人教版初中英语八上单词表词汇(C-D)增量讲解(按照课本 单词表 排序)依据【2022新课标】

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【2022新课标】
2024新人教版初中英语八上
单词表词汇(C-D)
增量讲解
(按照课本 单词表 排序)
依据【2022新课标】
新版英语教材(2022新课标),全面提高了对英语学习和运用能力的要求,“重词汇 ”要求首当其冲,这里根据八上英语课本单词表进行相关词汇的扩数增量讲解,以此为同学们提供英语词汇扩量学习的便利途径。
接上次A-B部分:
66. calm /kɑ m/ adj. 镇静的;沉着的 v. 使平静;使镇静
- 同义词:
- adj. peaceful (平静的), relaxed (放松的)
- v. soothe (安抚), pacify (使平静)
- 反义词:
- adj. nervous (紧张的), agitated (焦虑的)
- v. upset (使不安), disturb (打扰)
- 固定搭配:
- keep calm (保持冷静)
- calm down (冷静下来)
- 例句:
- She remained calm during the crisis. (她在危机中保持冷静。)
- The music calmed the baby. (音乐让婴儿安静下来。)
67. camp /k mp/ n. 度假营;营地 v. 露营
- 同义词:
- n. campsite (露营地), bivouac (临时营地)
- 派生词:
- camper (n. 露营者), camping (n. 露营活动)
- 固定搭配:
- summer camp (夏令营)
- go camping (去露营)
- 例句:
- We set up camp near the lake. (我们在湖边扎营。)
68. cancer / k ns r/ n. 癌症
- 派生词:
- cancerous (adj. 癌性的)
- 固定搭配:
- lung cancer (肺癌)
- fight cancer (对抗癌症)
- 例句:
- Early detection can help treat cancer. (早期发现有助于治疗癌症。)
69. care about 关心;担心
- 同义词:be concerned about (关心), value (重视)
- 反义词:ignore (忽视), neglect (忽略)
- 例句:
- He truly cares about the environment. (他真心关心环境问题。)
70. carefully / ke f li/ adv. 认真地;仔细地;小心地
- 同义词:attentively (专注地), cautiously (谨慎地)
- 反义词:carelessly (粗心地), recklessly (鲁莽地)
- 例句:
- Drive carefully in the rain. (雨天小心驾驶。)
71. cash /k / n. 现金;金钱 v. 兑现
- 同义词:
- n. money (钱), currency (货币)
- v. encash (兑现)
- 反义词:
- n. credit (信贷)
- 固定搭配:
- pay in cash (现金支付)
- cash a check (兑现支票)
- 例句:
- Do you accept cash or card (您收现金还是刷卡?)
72. challenge / t l nd / n. 挑战;质疑 v. 向(某人)挑战;对……怀疑
- 同义词:
- n. difficulty (困难), test (考验)
- v. dare (挑战), question (质疑)
- 派生词:challenger (n. 挑战者)
- 固定搭配:
- face a challenge (面对挑战)
- challenge authority (质疑权威)
- 例句:
- Climbing Everest is a huge challenge. (攀登珠峰是巨大的挑战。)
73. challenging / t l nd / adj. 挑战性的
- 同义词:difficult (困难的), demanding (要求高的)
- 反义词:easy (简单的), effortless (轻松的)
- 例句:
- This puzzle is very challenging. (这个拼图很有挑战性。)
74. chance /t ɑ ns/ n. 机会;可能性 adj. 意外的;偶然的
- 同义词:
- n. opportunity (机会), probability (概率)
- adj. accidental (偶然的)
- 固定搭配:
- by chance (偶然)
- take a chance (冒险一试)
- 例句:
- Don’t miss this chance to study abroad. (别错过这次留学机会。)
75. character / k r kt r/ n. 人物;个性
- 同义词:
- personality (个性), role (角色)
- 派生词:
- characteristic (adj. 典型的 n. 特征)
- 固定搭配:
- main character (主角)
- strong character (坚强的性格)
- 例句:
- Harry Potter is the main character. (哈利·波特是主角。)
76. cheese /t i z/ n. 奶酪;干酪
- 固定搭配:
- cheese sandwich (奶酪三明治)
- Say cheese! (拍照时“笑一笑!”)
- 例句:
- This pizza has extra cheese. (这个披萨加了额外奶酪。)
77. cheetah / t i t / n. 猎豹
- 例句:
- Cheetahs are the fastest land animals. (猎豹是陆地上最快的动物。)
78. Christmas / kr sm s/ n. 圣诞节
- 固定搭配:
- Merry Christmas! (圣诞快乐!)
- Christmas tree (圣诞树)
- 例句:
- We exchange gifts on Christmas. (我们在圣诞节互换礼物。)
79. cinnamon / s n m n/ n. 肉桂皮;桂皮香料
- 例句:
- Cinnamon adds flavor to apple pie. (肉桂为苹果派增添风味。)
80. classic / kl s k/ n. 经典作品;名著 adj. 最优秀的;古典的
- 同义词:
- adj. timeless (永恒的), traditional (传统的)
- 反义词:
- adj. modern (现代的)
- 例句:
- Pride and Prejudice is a classic novel. (《傲慢与偏见》是经典小说。)
81. clause /kl z/ n. 从句;分句
- 同义词:phrase (短语), sentence (句子)
- 固定搭配:
- main clause (主句)
- dependent clause (从句)
- 例句:
- In "I ate dinner because I was hungry," "because I was hungry" is a clause. (在句子“我吃了晚饭因为我饿了”中,“因为我饿了”是一个从句。)
82. clean up 清扫;整理
- 同义词:tidy up (整理), clear away (清理)
- 反义词:mess up (弄乱)
- 例句:
- We need to clean up the classroom after the party. (派对后我们需要打扫教室。)
83. climate / kla m t/ n. 气候
- 同义词:weather (天气), atmosphere (大气)
- 派生词:climatic (adj. 气候的)
- 固定搭配:
- tropical climate (热带气候)
- climate change (气候变化)
- 例句:
- The climate in this region is very dry. (这个地区的气候非常干燥。)
84. closing / kl z / adj. 结尾的;结束的 n. 停业;关闭
- 同义词:
- adj. final (最后的), concluding (结束的)
- n. shutdown (关闭)
- 反义词:
- adj. opening (开头的)
- 固定搭配:
- closing ceremony (闭幕式)
- store closing (店铺关门)
- 例句:
- The closing date for applications is tomorrow. (申请截止日期是明天。)
85. college / k l d / n. 学院;大学
- 同义词:university (大学), institute (学院)
- 固定搭配:
- go to college (上大学)
- college student (大学生)
- 例句:
- She studies medicine at college. (她在大学学医。)
fortable / k mft bl/ adj. 使人舒服的;舒适的
- 同义词:cozy (舒适的), relaxed (放松的)
- 反义词:uncomfortable (不舒服的)
- 派生词:comfort (n. 舒适)
- 固定搭配:
- comfortable shoes (舒适的鞋子)
- feel comfortable (感到自在)
- 例句:
- This sofa is very comfortable. (这个沙发非常舒服。)
municate /k mju n ke t/ v. 交流;沟通
- 同义词:converse (交谈), interact (互动)
- 反义词:miscommunicate (沟通不畅)
- 派生词:communication (n. 交流)
- 固定搭配:
- communicate effectively (有效沟通)
- communicate with sb (与某人交流)
- 例句:
- Dolphins communicate through sounds. (海豚通过声音交流。)
munication /k mju n ke n/ n. 表达;交流
- 同义词:interaction (互动), conversation (对话)
- 固定搭配:
- nonverbal communication (非语言交流)
- communication skills (沟通技巧)
- 例句:
- Good communication is key to teamwork. (良好的沟通是团队合作的关键。)
munity /k mju n ti/ n. 社区;群体
- 同义词:society (社会), neighborhood (邻里)
- 派生词:communal (adj. 公共的)
- 固定搭配:
- local community (当地社区)
- online community (网络社区)
- 例句:
- Our community organizes a festival every year. (我们社区每年组织一次节日活动。)
pare /k m pe (r)/ v. 比较;对比
- 同义词:
- contrast (v. 对比), analyze (v. 分析)
- 反义词:
- ignore (v. 忽略), neglect (v. 忽视)
- 派生词:
- comparison (n. 比较), comparable (adj. 可比较的)
- 固定搭配:
- compare A to B (将A比作B,强调相似性)
- compare A with B (将A与B对比,强调差异)
- 例句:
- She compared the two laptops before buying. (她在购买前对比了两台笔记本电脑。)
91. concert / k ns t/ n. 音乐会;演奏会
- 同义词:
- performance (n. 表演), recital (n. 独奏会)
- 固定搭配:
- live concert (现场音乐会)
- concert hall (音乐厅)
- 例句:
- We attended a rock concert last night. (昨晚我们参加了一场摇滚音乐会。)
92. confidence / k nf d ns/ n. 信心;信任
- 同义词:
- self-assurance (n. 自信), trust (n. 信任)
- 反义词:
- doubt (n. 怀疑), insecurity (n. 不安全感)
- 派生词:
- confident (adj. 自信的), confidential (adj. 机密的)
- 固定搭配:
- gain confidence (获得信心)
- lack confidence (缺乏自信)
- 例句:
- His confidence helped him win the speech contest. (他的自信帮助他赢得了演讲比赛。)
93. confident / k nf d nt/ adj. 自信的;肯定的
- 同义词:
- self-assured (adj. 自信的), certain (adj. 确定的)
- 反义词:
- unsure (adj. 不确定的), hesitant (adj. 犹豫的)
- 固定搭配:
- feel confident (感到自信)
- confident smile (自信的微笑)
- 例句:
- She was confident about her exam results. (她对考试成绩很有信心。)
94. congratulation /k n ɡr t u le n/ n. 祝贺;恭喜
- 同义词:
- praise (n. 赞扬), celebration (n. 庆祝)
- 派生词:
- congratulate (v. 祝贺)
- 固定搭配:
- Congratulations (on...)! (祝贺…!)
- offer congratulations (表示祝贺)
- 例句:
- Congratulations on your graduation! (恭喜你毕业!)
95. connect /k nekt/ v. 关联;连接
- 同义词:
- link (v. 连接), attach (v. 附加)
- 反义词:
- disconnect (v. 断开), separate (v. 分离)
- 派生词:
- connection (n. 连接), connective (adj. 连接的)
- 固定搭配:
- connect to Wi-Fi (连接Wi-Fi)
- connect the dots (联想;理清关系)
- 例句:
- The bridge connects the two cities. (这座桥连接了两座城市。)
96. connected /k nekt d/ adj. 连接的;相关的
- 同义词:
- linked (adj. 关联的), related (adj. 相关的)
- 反义词:
- unrelated (adj. 无关的), disconnected (adj. 断开的)
- 例句:
- The two crimes are connected. (这两起犯罪案件有关联。)
97. connection /k nek n/ n. 联系;连接
- 同义词:
- relationship (n. 关系), bond (n. 纽带)
- 反义词:
- disconnection (n. 断开), isolation (n. 孤立)
- 固定搭配:
- make a connection (建立联系)
- Internet connection (网络连接)
- 例句:
- There’s a strong connection between diet and health. (饮食和健康之间有密切联系。)
98. continue /k n t nju / v. 持续;继续做
- 同义词:
- persist (v. 坚持), proceed (v. 继续进行)
- 反义词:
- stop (v. 停止), pause (v. 暂停)
- 派生词:
- continuous (adj. 持续的), continuation (n. 继续)
- 固定搭配:
- continue doing sth (继续做某事)
- to be continued (待续)
- 例句:
- The rain continued all day. (雨下了一整天。)
99. cost /k st/ n. 费用;价钱;代价 v. 花费;使损失
- 同义词:
- n. price (价格), expense (花费)
- v. require (需要)
- 反义词:
- n. free (免费)
- 固定搭配:
- at all costs (不惜一切代价)
- cost of living (生活成本)
- 例句:
- The cost of the trip was high. (这次旅行的费用很高。)
- The mistake cost him his job. (这个错误让他丢了工作。)
100. countryside / k ntrisa d/ n. 乡村;农村
- 同义词:
- rural area (农村), village (村庄)
- 反义词:
- city (城市), urban area (城区)
- 例句:
- They moved to the countryside for a quieter life. (他们搬去乡村追求更宁静的生活。)
101. couple / k pl/ n. 夫妻;情侣;两人
- 同义词:pair (n. 一对), duo (n. 二人组)
- 反义词:single (n. 单身)
- 固定搭配:
- married couple (已婚夫妇)
- couple of days (几天)
- 例句:
- The couple celebrated their 50th anniversary. (这对夫妻庆祝了他们的金婚纪念日。)
102. cover / k v (r)/ v. 遮盖;包括 n. 遮盖物;封皮
- 同义词:
- v. conceal (遮盖), include (包含)
- n. lid (盖子), wrapping (包装)
- 反义词:
- v. expose (暴露), exclude (排除)
- 派生词:coverage (n. 覆盖范围)
- 固定搭配:
- cover story (封面故事)
- under cover (隐蔽地)
- 例句:
- She covered the cake with frosting. (她用糖霜覆盖蛋糕。)
- The book has a blue cover. (这本书有蓝色封面。)
103. cream /kri m/ n. 奶油;护肤霜;奶油色
- 派生词:creamy (adj. 奶油般的)
- 固定搭配:
- ice cream (冰淇淋)
- hand cream (护手霜)
- 例句:
- Add some cream to your coffee. (给你的咖啡加点奶油。)
104. creative /kri e t v/ adj. 创造性的;创作的
- 同义词:imaginative (adj. 富有想象力的), innovative (adj. 创新的)
- 反义词:unoriginal (adj. 缺乏创意的)
- 派生词:creativity (n. 创造力)
- 固定搭配:
- creative thinking (创造性思维)
- creative work (创意作品)
- 例句:
- The designer has a creative mind. (这位设计师很有创意。)
105. creativity / kri e t v ti/ n. 创造力
- 同义词:originality (n. 原创性), inventiveness (n. 发明才能)
- 反义词:banality (n. 平庸)
- 例句:
- Children should be encouraged to develop their creativity. (应该鼓励孩子发展创造力。)
106. crust /kr st/ n. 糕饼酥皮;面包皮
- 同义词:shell (n. 外壳), rind (n. 外皮)
- 固定搭配:
- pie crust (馅饼皮)
- earth's crust (地壳)
- 例句:
- The bread has a crispy crust. (这面包有酥脆的外皮。)
107. cure /kj (r)/ n. 药物;疗法 v. 治愈;治好
- 同义词:
- n. remedy (治疗方法)
- v. heal (治愈)
- 反义词:
- v. infect (感染)
- 固定搭配:
- no cure for (无法治愈)
- cure a disease (治愈疾病)
- 例句:
- Scientists are searching for a cure for cancer. (科学家正在寻找治愈癌症的方法。)
- Time cured his sadness. (时间治愈了他的悲伤。)
108. cut sth in/into sth 将……切成……
- 同义词:slice (v. 切片), chop (v. 剁碎)
- 固定搭配:
- cut into pieces (切成块)
- cut in half (切成两半)
- 例句:
- Cut the apple into four parts. (把苹果切成四份。)
109. cut up 切碎;剁碎
- 同义词:mince (v. 切碎), dice (v. 切丁)
- 反义词:whole (adj. 完整的)
- 例句:
- She cut up the vegetables for the soup. (她把蔬菜切碎用来做汤。)
110. date /de t/ n. 日期;日子 v. 确定年代;注明日期
- 同义词:
- n. day (日子), appointment (约会)
- v. originate (起源于)
- 反义词:
- v. undate (未注明日期)
- 固定搭配:
- due date (截止日期)
- date back to (追溯到)
- 例句:
- What's the date today (今天是几号?)
- This temple dates back to the 12th century. (这座寺庙建于12世纪。)
111. dead /ded/ adj. 不运行的;死的
- 同义词:
- lifeless (无生命的), inactive (不活跃的)
- 反义词:
- alive (活着的), functioning (运行的)
- 派生词:
- deadly (adj. 致命的), death (n. 死亡)
- 固定搭配:
- dead battery (没电的电池)
- dead end (死胡同)
- 例句:
- My phone is dead—I need to charge it. (我手机没电了,得充电。)
112. decorate / dek re t/ v. 装饰;装潢
- 同义词:
- adorn (装饰), embellish (美化)
- 反义词:
- strip (剥除), plain (朴素的)
- 派生词:
- decoration (n. 装饰), decorative (adj. 装饰性的)
- 固定搭配:
- decorate a room (装饰房间)
- decorate with flowers (用花装饰)
- 例句:
- We decorated the Christmas tree together. (我们一起装饰了圣诞树。)
113. deer /d (r)/ n. (pl. deer) 鹿
- 固定搭配:
- white-tailed deer (白尾鹿)
- deer hunting (猎鹿)
- 例句:
- A deer ran across the road. (一只鹿跑过了马路。)
114. depend /d pend/ v. 取决于;依靠
- 同义词:
- rely (依赖), hinge (取决于)
- 反义词:
- independent (adj. 独立的)
- 派生词:
- dependent (adj. 依赖的), dependence (n. 依赖)
- 固定搭配:
- depend on/upon (取决于)
- it depends (视情况而定)
- 例句:
- Success depends on hard work. (成功取决于努力。)
115. describe /d skra b/ v. 描述;形容
- 同义词:
- depict (描绘), portray (刻画)
- 派生词:
- description (n. 描述), descriptive (adj. 描述性的)
- 固定搭配:
- describe in detail (详细描述)
- describe as (描述为)
- 例句:
- Can you describe the suspect (你能描述一下嫌疑犯吗?)
116. design /d za n/ v. 设计;计划 n. 设计;花纹
- 同义词:
- v. plan (计划), create (创造)
- n. pattern (图案), blueprint (蓝图)
- 派生词:
- designer (n. 设计师), designed (adj. 有计划的)
- 固定搭配:
- graphic design (平面设计)
- by design (故意地)
- 例句:
- She designs clothes for a living. (她以设计服装为生。)
117. designer /d za n (r)/ n. 设计师
- 同义词:
- creator (创造者), architect (建筑师)
- 固定搭配:
- fashion designer (时装设计师)
- interior designer (室内设计师)
- 例句:
- The designer won an award for his work. (这位设计师的作品获奖了。)
118. detail / di te l/ n. 细节;详情
- 同义词:
- particular (细节), specifics (详情)
- 反义词:
- overview (概述)
- 派生词:
- detailed (adj. 详细的)
- 固定搭配:
- in detail (详细地)
- attention to detail (注重细节)
- 例句:
- The report explains the plan in detail. (报告详细解释了计划。)
119. develop /d vel p/ v. 增强;发展;开发
- 同义词:
- improve (改进), evolve (进化)
- 反义词:
- regress (倒退), deteriorate (恶化)
- 派生词:
- development (n. 发展), developer (n. 开发者)
- 固定搭配:
- develop a habit (养成习惯)
- developing country (发展中国家)
- 例句:
- The company is developing a new product. (公司正在开发新产品。)
120. difference / d fr ns/ n. 差异
- 同义词:
- distinction (区别), contrast (对比)
- 反义词:
- similarity (相似)
- 固定搭配:
- make a difference (有影响)
- cultural difference (文化差异)
- 例句:
- There's a big difference between theory and practice. (理论和实践有很大差异。)
121. difficulty / d f k lti/ n. 困难;难题
- 同义词:
- challenge (挑战), obstacle (障碍)
- 反义词:
- ease (容易)
- 固定搭配:
- have difficulty (in) doing sth (做某事有困难)
- financial difficulty (经济困难)
- 例句:
- She overcame many difficulties. (她克服了许多困难。)
122. direct /da rekt; d rekt/ adj. 率直的;直接的
- 同义词:
- straightforward (直截了当的), frank (坦率的)
- 反义词:
- indirect (间接的)
- 派生词:
- direction (n. 方向), directly (adv. 直接地)
- 固定搭配:
- direct flight (直飞航班)
- direct answer (直接回答)
- 例句:
- He gave me a direct look. (他直视着我。)
123. director /da rekt (r); d rekt (r)/ n. 导演;主任;董事
- 同义词:
- manager (经理), supervisor (主管)
- 固定搭配:
- film director (电影导演)
- board of directors (董事会)
- 例句:
- The director approved the project. (董事批准了这个项目。)
124. disappear / d s p (r)/ v. 消失;不见
- 同义词:
- vanish (消失), fade (逐渐消失)
- 反义词:
- appear (出现)
- 派生词:
- disappearance (n. 消失)
- 固定搭配:
- disear into thin air (凭空消失)
- 例句:
- The sun disappeared behind the clouds. (太阳消失在云层后。)
125. disappoint / d s p nt/ v. 使失望;使破灭
- 同义词:
- let down (使失望), disillusion (使幻想破灭)
- 反义词:
- satisfy (使满意)
- 派生词:
- disappointed (adj. 失望的), disappointment (n. 失望)
- 例句:
- The movie disappointed me. (这部电影让我失望。)
126. disappointed / d s p nt d/ adj. 失望的;沮丧的
- 同义词:
- upset (沮丧的), disheartened (灰心的)
- 反义词:
- pleased (高兴的)
- 固定搭配:
- deeply disappointed (深感失望)
- 例句:
- He was disappointed with the results. (他对结果感到失望。)
127. disaster /d zɑ st (r)/ n. 灾难;不幸
- 同义词:
- catastrophe (大灾难), tragedy (悲剧)
- 反义词:
- success (成功)
- 派生词:
- disastrous (adj. 灾难性的)
- 固定搭配:
- natural disaster (自然灾害)
- 例句:
- The earthquake was a major disaster. (这次地震是一场大灾难。)
128. do with 处理
- 同义词:
- deal with (处理), handle (应付)
- 固定搭配:
- have sth to do with (与…有关)
- 例句:
- What should we do with this old furniture (我们该怎么处理这些旧家具?)
129. draw to a close 即将结束;即将完成
- 同义词:
- come to an end (结束), wind up (收尾)
- 反义词:
- begin (开始)
- 例句:
- The meeting drew to a close. (会议即将结束。)
130. dream /dri m/ n. 梦想;梦 v. (dreamt/dremt/或dreamed) 做梦;梦见;梦想
- 同义词:
- n. aspiration (抱负), fantasy (幻想)
- v. imagine (想象)
- 反义词:
- n. reality (现实)
- 派生词:
- dreamer (n. 梦想家), dreamy (adj. 梦幻的)
- 固定搭配:
- dream come true (梦想成真)
- daydream (白日梦)
- 例句:
- I dreamt about flying last night. (昨晚我梦见自己在飞。)
131. drop sb a line 给…写信
- 同义词:
- write to sb (给某人写信), send a message (发信息)
- 例句:
- Drop me a line when you arrive. (到了给我写封信。)
132. during / dj r / prep. 在……期间
- 词性:介词 (preposition)
- 翻译:在……期间;在……过程中
- 同义词 : throughout (在整个期间) ; in the course of (在……过程中)
- 反义词: before (在……之前) ; after (在……之后) |
- 固定搭配
1. during the day/night (在白天/夜晚期间)
2. during the meeting (在会议期间)
3. during summer/winter (在夏季/冬季期间)
- 例句
1. During the exam, you must stay silent. (考试期间,你必须保持安静。)
2. She received many calls during her vacation. (度假期间,她接到了很多电话。)
3. The store is closed during lunchtime. (午餐时间,这家店不营业。)

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