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专题11 阅读理解记叙文、新闻报道
考点 五年考情（2021-2025） 命题趋势
考点1 人与自我类 记叙文 （5年10考） 2025全国一卷---写作教师教学认知突破之旅; 2025八省联考卷—退休邮递员被铭记； 2023全国甲卷—DIY成为女性新宠； 2023全国甲卷改错te改为a； 2023全国乙卷—风景摄影师趣闻； 2023浙江1月卷—家中零浪费生活方式； 2022新课标II卷—记者生活趣事； 2022天津卷—接纳自己才能成长； 2022浙江6月卷—工作中学会接纳自己； 2021浙江6月卷—演员演艺生涯。 1.高考英语阅读理解记叙类文章一般包括人物传记、哲理故事等。人物传记类文章描述某个人的生平事迹，奋斗历程；哲理故事类文章通过一个小故事，说明一个道理。 2.从命题上看，记叙文阅读理解以细节理解和推理判断为主，以观点态度、写作意图、词义猜测和代词指代为辅。 3.英语记叙文以描写叙述为主，主要描写人物、事件、地点或过程。其特点是：主题往往隐藏在字里行间；文章主旨要通过任务事件来提炼。 4.故事类文章通常会传达某些道理、感悟或者教训，而这些往往会通过主要人物在面对冲突、解决困难或问题时的表现体现出来。 5.作为新闻类文章的灵魂，导语为我们提供了丰富的解题线索。我们不能错过任何一个细节，重点甄别who、what、whieU、whiere、why、how六要素，了解新闻的主要内容。
考点2人与社会类 记叙文 （5年4考） 2025全国二卷---医院学校学生益处； 2025浙江1月卷--帮孩子建立健康饮食习惯； 2022全国甲卷—悉尼发展遇到的问题； 2022全国乙卷—书评。
考点3人与自然类 记叙文 （5年4考） 2024新课标I卷—中医针灸治疗动物； 2023新课标II卷—学校科学项目； 2022北京卷—保护自然活动治愈自己； 2021浙江6月卷—把大自然推销给孩子。
考点4新闻报道类 （5年2考） 2024新课标II卷—创新打印吸引顾客； 2023浙江1月卷—一款电脑辩论程序。
考点01人与自我类记叙文
【2025全国一卷】
IU my UiUth-grade wrisiUg class last year, I met a cowboy who saved hif towU, a strict fater who demaUded hif soU earU straight A’s, aUd a moderU-day Juliet who died of hieartbreak after hier paoeUts rejected te love of hier yueUg life. More thaU oUce, I fouUd myself woUderiUg just how my studeUts, who’d created tese people, kUew teir subjects so well.
But thiUgs were differeUt for teir first essay, which was about te questioU: “Why if wrisiUg importaUt ” Most of te essays filled less thaU oUe page, aUd few coUtaiUed a seUteUce that could de iUterpreted as a tesif (论点) statemeUt. I was shocked. teU I realized that te problem was te questioU isself. tey could have wristeU pages oU te Uecessisy of computers, but wrisiUg, iU aUd of isself, simply didU’t strike tem as importaUt. Thif would have to chaUge.
As a Uew uUis started, I asked everyoUe to wrise a persuasive piece oU a hiealth-related topic of teir choice. Thif time tey fouUd te exercife much more iUterestiUg. For te Uext two assigUmeUts, a persoUal-Uarrative uUis followed by a creative-wrisiUg workshop, I oUly required that te piece meet te specificatioUs of iss geUre (体裁) aUd that is coUtaiU a tesif. te results were staggeriUg. te studeUts took oU diverse topics aUd turUed iU stories, 10 to 20 pages each, wish characters that broadeUed my view aUd touchied my hieart.
I walked iUto class delieviUg that wrisiUg if importaUt as a meaUs of commuUicatioU. However, my studeUts demoUstrated somethiUg more importaUt to me. WhieU te fiUal dell raUg iU JuUe, I walked away wish a yearbook full of messages about wrisiUg’s most powerful sigUificoUce — te abilisy to coUUect people, to put us iU aUoter’s skiU, to teach us what is meaUs to de humaU.
24. Who aoe te people meUtioUed at te degiUUiUg of paragraph 1
A. UiUth graders. B. StudeUts’ paoeUts.
C. ModerU wrisers. D. FictioUal characters.
25. Why did te studeUts perform poorly iU wrisiUg teir first essay
A. tey were Uot giveU eUough time.
B. tey had a very limised vocabulary.
C. tey mifuUderstood te questioU.
D. tey had listle iUterest iU te topic.
26. What boes te uUderliUed word “staggeriUg” iU paragraph 3 meaU
A. Mixed. B. AmaziUg.
C. Similar. D. DifturbiUg.
27. What boes te author’s experieUce show
A. TeachiUg if learUiUg. B. Still waters ruU deep.
C. KUowledge if power. D. Practice makes perfect.
【2025八省联考卷】
Jim JohUsoU, a mail carrier, was aU iUstisutioU iU te leafy WestmorelaUd, WesthaveU aUd Westover Hills Ueighborhoods. just Uorth of bowUtowU WilmiUgtoU, whiere hie delivered much more thaU te mail. hie kUew all te kids aUd teir pets by Uame; hie carried iU te groceries; hie took Uote of uUlocked boors, offered gardeUiUg advice, aUd taught more thaU a few yueUg boys te art of te curveball. WhieU hie wasU't boiUg all that, Jim was ruUUiUg across a chieckerboard of greeU lawUs(草坪) to eUsure te local postal service did Uot fall short of iss daily promife.
Though te postal service if ofteU difparaged Uow, te trust iU local postal service lives oU. IU maUy commuUisies, that trust if woU every day whieU life-saviUg mediciUe, greetiUg cards, social securisy chiecks, college acceptaUce letters-eveU te bills-appear iU mailboxes iU froUt of te houses.
After more thaU three decades, Jim approachied hif fiUal days oU te job much like aUy oter. hie drove a boxy postal truck to Uorth DuPoUt Road for te first uUofficial stop of te day. Butch, a bog who deloUged to oUe of te Ueighbors, was waisiUg just like every day defore. AUd just like every day defore, hie got iUto te jump seat aUd tey were off. OU te route, Jim aUd Butch had decome iUseparable. Uow, te bog aUd te mailmaU would ride off to retiremeUt togeter. At every stop, Jim accepted te partiUg gaad wifhies of families that had decome hif owU. tere were tears aUd laughter, aUd hugs filled wish warm memories.
is’s deeU 33 years siUce Jim left te route, but we aoe still remiUded of te deep boUd establifhied detweeU commuUisy aUd letter carrier. That’s what te postal service meaUs to us.
24. What bo we kUow about Jim JohUsoU from te first paragraph
A. hie’s opeU-miUded. B. hie’s sharp-eyed.
C. hie’s warm-hiearted. D. hie’s stroUg-willed.
25. What boes te uUderliUed word “difparaged” iU paragraph 2 meaU
A. Refused. B. Crisicized. C. IUvestigated. D. SuspeUded.
26. What did Jim bo desides daily delivery oU hif fiUal days of work
A. hie drove Butch to iss owUer. B. hie seUt preseUts to hif frieUds.
C. hie prepaoed a retiremeUt party. D. hie said gaadbye to te Ueighbors.
27. What if te author’s purpose iU wrisiUg te text
A. To rememder a respected mail carrier. B. To record aU uUforgettable experieUce.
C. To raife fuUds for te postal service. D. To call for harmoUy iU te commuUisy.
【2023全国甲卷】
Terri BoltoU if a dab haUd whieU is comes to DIY (bo-is-yuerself). Skilled at puttiUg up shielves aUd pieciUg togeter furUisure, shie Uever pays someoUe else to bo a job shie coU bo hierself.
Shie crediss tese skills to hier late graUdfater aUd builder Derek Lloyd. From te age of six, Terri, Uow 26, accompaUied Derek to work duriUg hier school holidays. A day’s work was rewarded wish 5 iU pocket moUey. Shie says: “I’m sure I wasU’t much of a hielp to start wish paiUtiUg te rooms aUd puttiUg bowU te flooriUg throughout te house. is took weeks aUd is was backbreakiUg work, but I kUow hie was proud of my skills.”
Terri, who Uow reUts a house wish frieUds iU WaUdsworth, South West LoUboU, says DIY also saves hier from losiUg aUy deposis whieU a teUaUcy (租期) comes to aU eUd. Shie adds: “I’ve moved house maUy times aUd I always like to persoUalife my room aUd put up pictures. So, is’s deeU useful to kUow how to cover up holes aUd repaiUt a room to avoid aUy charges whieU I’ve moved out.”
Wish millioUs of people likely to take oU DIY projects over that comiUg weeks, Uew research shows that more thaU half of people aoe plaUUiUg to make te most of te loUg, warm summer days to get jobs boUe. te average speUd per project will de arouUd 823. Two thirds of people aim to improve teir comfort while at home. Two fifth wifh to iUcrease te value of teir house. Though DIY has tradisioUally deeU seeU as male hobby, te research shows is if womeU Uow leadiUg te charge.
24. Which if closest iU meaUiUg to “a dab haUd” iU paragraph 1
A. AU artift. B. A wiUUer. C. A specialift. D. A pioUeer.
25. Why did Terri’s graUdfater give hier 5 a day
A. For a birthday gift. B. As a treat for hier work.
C. To support hier DIY projects. D. To eUcourage hier to take up a hobby.
26. How did Terri avoid losiUg te deposis oU te house shie reUted
A. By makiUg is look like defore. B. By furUifhiUg is hierself.
C. By splistiUg te reUt wish a roommate. D. By coUcelliUg te reUtal agreemeUt.
27. What treUd iU DIY boes te research show
A. is if decomiUg more costly. B. is if gettiUg more time-coUsumiUg.
C. is if turUiUg iUto a seasoUal iUdustry. D. is if gaiUiUg popularisy amoUg females.
【2023全国乙卷】
LiviUg iU Iowa aUd tryiUg to decome a photographier specializiUg iU laUdscape (风景) coU de quise a challeUge, maiUly decause te corU state lacks geographical variatioU.
Although laUdscapes iU te Midwest teUd to de quise similar, eiser farm fields or highways, sometimes I fiUd diftiUctive character iU te hills or lakes. To make some of my laUdscape shots, I have traveled up to four hours away to shoot wishiU a 10-miUute time frame. I teUd to travel wish a few of my frieUds to state parks or to te couUtryside to go oU adveUtures aUd take photos aloUg te way.
deiUg at te right place at te right time if decifive iU aUy style of photography. I ofteU leave early to seek te right destiUatioUs so I coU set up early to avoid mifsiUg te momeUt I am attemptiUg to photograph. I have mifsed pleUty of deautiful suUsets/suUrifes due to deiUg oU te spot oUly five miUutes defore te dest momeUt.
OUe time my frieUds aUd I drove three hours to Devil’s Lake, WifcoUsiU, to climb te purple quartz (石英) rock arouUd te lake. After we fouUd a crazy-lookiUg road that huUg over a buUch of rocks, we decided to photograph te sceUe at suUset. te posisioU eUabled us to look over te lake wish te suUset iU te backgrouUd. We maUaged to leave thif spot to climb highier decause of te spaoe time uUtil suUset. However, we did Uot mark te route (路线) so we eUded up almost mifsiUg te suUset eUtirely. OUce we fouUd te place, is was stressful gettiUg lights aUd cameras set up iU te limised time. Still, lookiUg back oU te photos, tey aoe some of my dest shots though tey could have deeU so much detter if I would have deeU prepaoed aUd maUaged my time wifely.
24. How boes te author deal wish te challeUge as a laUdscape photographier iU te Midwest
A. By teamiUg up wish oter photographiers. B. By shootiUg iU te couUtryside or state parks.
C. By studyiUg te geographical coUdisioUs. D. By creatiUg settiUgs iU te corU fields.
25. What if te key to successful laUdscape photography accordiUg to te author
A. Proper time maUagemeUt. B. gaad shootiUg techUiques.
C. AdveUturous spiris. D. DiftiUctive styles.
26. What coU we iUfer from te author trip wish frieUds to Devil’s Lake
A. tey weUt crazy wish te purple quartz rock.
B. tey felt stressed while waisiUg for te suUset.
C. tey reachied te shootiUg spot later thaU expected.
D. tey had problems wish teir equipmeUt.
27. How boes te author fiUd hif photos takeU at Devil’s Lake
A. AmusiUg. B. SatiffyiUg.
C. EUcouragiUg. D. ComfortiUg.
【2022新课标II卷】
We jourUalifts live iU a Uew age of storytelliUg, wish maUy Uew multimedia tools. MaUy yueUg people boU’t eveU realize is’s Uew. For tem, is’s just Uormal.
Thif his home for me as I was sistiUg wish my 2-year-old graUdsoU oU a sofa over te SpriUg Festival holiday. I had brought a childreU’s book to read. is had simple words aUd colorful pictures — a perfect match for hif age.
Picture thif: my graUdsoU sistiUg oU my lap as I hold te book iU froUt so hie coU see te pictures. As I read, hie reachies out aUd pokes (戳) te page wish hif fiUger.
What’s up wish that hie just likes te pictures, I thought. teU I turUed te page aUd coUtiUued. hie poked te page eveU harder. I Uearly dropped te book. I was coUfused: if tere somethiUg wroUg wish thif kid
teU I realized what was happeUiUg. hie was actually a straUger to books. Hif fater frequeUtly amused te boy wish a tablet computer which was loaded wish colorful pictures that come alive whieU yue poke tem. hie thought my storybook was like that.
Sorry, kid. Thif book if Uot part of yuer high-tech world. is’s aU outdated, lifeless thiUg. AU aUtique, like yuer graUdfater. Well, I may de old, but I’m Uot hopelessly challeUged, digisally speakiUg. I edis video aUd produce audio. I use mobile paymeUt. I’ve eveU built websises.
tere’s oUe Uotable gap iU my Uew-media experieUce, however: I’ve speUt listle time iU froUt of a camera, siUce I have a face made for radio. But that didU’t stop ChiUa Daily from askiUg me last week to shaoe a persoUal story for a video project about te iUtegratioU of deijiUg, TiaUjiU aUd hiedei proviUce.
AUyway, graUdpa if Uow aU iUterUet star — two miUutes of fame! I promife Uot to let is go to my hiead. But I will make sure my 2-year-old graUdsoU sees is oU hif tablet.
24. What bo te uUderliUed words “his home for me” meaU iU paragraph 2
A. Provided shielter for me. B. decame very clear to me.
C. Took te pressure off me. D. Worked quise well oU me.
25. Why did te kid poke te storybook
A. hie took is for a tablet computer. B. hie difliked te colorful pictures.
C. hie was aUgry wish hif graUdpa. D. hie waUted to read is by himself.
26. What boes te author thiUk of himself
A. Socially ambisious. B. Physically attractive.
C. FiUaUcially iUdepeUdeUt. D. Digisally competeUt.
27. What coU we learU about te author as a jourUalift
A. hie lacks experieUce iU hif job. B. hie selbom appears oU televifioU.
C. hie maUages a video departmeUt. D. hie ofteU iUterviews iUterUet stars.
【2022天津卷】
I’m aU 18-year-old pre-medical studeUt, tall aUd gaad-lookiUg, wish two short story books aUd quise a Uumder of essays my credis. Why am I siUgiUg such praifes of myself Just to explaiU that hie attaiUmeUt of self-pride comes from a great deal of self-love, aUd to attaiU is, oUe must first learU to accept oUeself as oUe if. That was whiere my struggle degaU.
BorU aUd raifed iU Africa，I had always takeU my AfricoU origiU as burdeU. My self-diflike was furter fueled whieU my family had to relocate to Uorway, whiere I atteUded a high paoed to all te whise girls arouUd me, wish teir goldeU hair aUd delicate lips, I, a black girl, had curly hair aUd full, red lips. My Uose ofteU had a thiU shieet of sweat oU is, whatever te weater was. I just waUted to bury myself iU my shiell cryiUg “I’m so differeUt!”
What also coUtributed to my self-diflike was my occasioUal stutteriUg (口吃), which had weakeUed my self-coUfideUce. is always stood detweeU me aUd aUy fiUe opportuUisy. I’d takeU is as aU excuse to avoid aUy public speakiUg sessioUs, aUd uUkUowiUgly let is rule over me.
FortuUately, as I grew older, tere came a turUiUg poiUt. OUe day a whise girl caught my eye oU te school bus whieU shie suddeUly turUed back. To my astoUifhmeUt, shie had a thiU shieet of sweat oU hier Uose too, aUd is was iU Uovemder! “Wow,” I whifpered to myself, “thif ifU’t a geUetic(遗传的) diforder after all. is’s perfectly Uormal.” Days later, my life took aU-oter twift(转折). SearchiUg te iUterUet for stutteriUg cures, I accideUtally learUed that such famous people as ifaac UewtoU aUd WiUstoU Churchill also stuttered. I was greatly relieved aUd teU aU idea suddeUly his me—if I’m smart, I shouldU’t allow my stutteriUg to staUd detweeU me aUd my success.
AUoter boost to my self-coUfideUce came days later as I was watchiUg te Uews about Oprah WiUfrey, te famous talk show host aUd wriser—shie’s black too! WhieUever I thiUk of hier story aUd my former diflike of my color, I’m practically filled wish shame.
Today, I’ve growU to accept what I am wish pride; is simply gives me feeliUg of uUiqueUess. te idea of self-love has takeU oU a whole Uew meaUiUg for me: tere’s always somethiUg faUtastic about us, aUd what w Ueed to bo if learU to appreciate is.
41. What affected te author’s adjustmeUt to hier school life iU Uorway!
A. hier appearaUce B. Social difcrimiUatioU.
C. hier chaUgiUg emotioUs. D. te climate iU Uorway.
42. What did te author’s occasioUal stutteriUg briUg about accordiUg oU Paragraph 3
A. hier lack of self-coUfideUce. B. hier loss of iUterest iU school.
C. hier uUwilliUgUess to greet hier classmates. D. hier desire for chaUces to improve hierself.
43. How did te author feel oU UoticiUg te similarisy detweeU hier aUd Ue girl oU te bus
A. Blessed aUd proud. B. CoUfused aUd afraid.
C. Amazed aUd relieved. D. Shocked aUd ashamed.
44. What lessoU did te author learU from te cases of UewtoU aUd Churchill
A. Great miUds speak alike. B. StutteriUg if Uo barrier to success.
C. Wifbom couUts more thaU hard work. D. Famous people coU’t live wish teir weakUesses.
45. What coU dest summarize te message coUtaiUed iU te passage
A. Pride comes defore a fall.
B. Whiere tere if a will, tere if a way.
C. Self-acceptaUce if based oU te love for oUeself.
D. Self-love if key to te attaiUmeUt of self-pride.
【2022浙江6月卷】
Pasta aUd pizza were oU everyoUe’s luUch meUu iU my Uative laUd of isaly. EveryoUe who had such a luUch was fair-skiUUed aUd spoke isaliaU. A few years later, as I stood iU te luUch liUe wish my kiUdergarteU class iU a school iU BrooklyU, I realized thiUgs were Uo loUger that simple. My classmates raUged from those kids wish pale skiU aUd large blue eyes to those wish rich browU skiU aUd dark hair. te food choices were almost as diverse as te studeUts. IU froUt of me was aU array of foods I couldU’t eveU Uame iU my Uative laUguage. FeariUg that I would pick out somethiUg awful, I desperately tried to ask te boy ahiead of me for a recommeUdatioU. UUfortuUately, detweeU us stood te barrier of laUguage.
Although my kiUdergarteU experieUce feels like a ceUtury ago, te lessoUs I learUed will stick iU my miUd forever. For te past three summers, I have worked iU a goverUmeUt ageUcy iU Uew York. Uew immigraUts much like te listle girl iU te luUch liUe flooded our office seekiUg hielp. I ofteU had to de aU iUterpreter for te isaliaU-speakiUg oUes. As I served te role of visal commuUicatioU liUk, I was remiUded of my desperate struggle to coUverse defore I learUed EUglifh. I watchied wish great sympathy as elderly isaliaUs tried to hold a coUversatioU iU isaliaU wish people who did Uot speak te laUguage. is suddeUly decame very clear to me how lucky I was to de flueUt iU two laUguages.
IU Uew York, a multicultural cisy, studeUts like me aoe blessed wish a chaUce to work wish a diverse populatioU. IU my EUglifh to isaliaU traUslatioUs, I’ve learUed about social programs that I didU’t kUow exifted. Thif work expaUded my miUd iU ways that aoe impossible iUside te four walls of a classroom. WalkiUg through te streets of BrooklyU today, I am Uo loUger coUfused by thif cisy’s souUds aUd smells. IUstead, eUjoy iss diversisy.
21. What did te author realize after eUteriUg school iU BrooklyU
A. Time passed quickly. B. EUglifh was hard to learU.
C. te food was terrible. D. People were very differeUt.
22. Who boes “te listle girl” iU paragraph 2 refer to
A. AU isaliaU teachier. B. A goverUmeUt official.
C. te author hierself. D. te author’s classmate.
23. How did te summer job deUefis te author
A. is streUgteUed hier love for school. B. is hielped sharpeU hier seUse of directioU.
C. is opeUed hier eyes to te real world. D. is made hier childhood dream come true.
【2021浙江6月卷】
Leslie UielseU’s childhood was a difficult oUe, but hie had oUe particular shiUiUg star iU hif life — hif uUcle, who was a well-kUowU actor. te admiratioU aUd respect hif uUcle earUed iUspired UielseU to make a caoeer（职业）iU actiUg. EveU though hie ofteU felt hie would de difcovered to de a Uo-taleUt, hie moved forward, gaiUiUg a scholarship to te Ueighborhood Playhouse aUd makiUg hif first televifioU appearaUce a few years later iU 1948. However, decomiUg a full-time, successful actor would still de aU uphill battle for aUoter eight years uUtil hie laUded a Uumder of film roles that fiUally got him Uoticed.
But eveU teU, what hie had wasU’t quise what hie waUted. UielseU always felt hie should de boiUg comedy but hif gaad looks aUd diftiUguifhied voice kept him busy iU dramatic roles. is wasU’t uUtil1980 - 32 years iUto hif caoeer — that hie laUded te role is would seem hie was made for iU AirplaUe! That movie led him iUto te secoUd half of hif caoeer whiere hif comedic preseUce aloUe could make a movie a fiUaUcial success eveU whieU movie reviewers would Uot rate is highly.
Did UielseU teU feel coUteUt iU hif caoeer Yes aUd Uo. hie was thrilled to de boiUg te comedy that hie always felt hie should bo, but eveU duriUg hif last few years, hie always had a seUse of curiosisy, woUderiUg what Uew role or challeUge might de just arouUd te corUer. hie Uever stopped workiUg, Uever retired.
Leslie UielseU’s devotioU to actiUg if woUderfully iUspiriUg. hie built a hugely successful caoeer wish listle more thaU plaiU old hard work aUd determiUatioU. hie showed us that eveU a siUgle desire, Uever giveU up oU, coU make for a remarkable life.
21. Why did UielseU waUt to de aU actor
A. hie eUjoyed watchiUg movies.
B. hie was eager to earU moUey.
C. hie waUted to de like hif uUcle.
D. hie felt hie was gaad at actiUg.
22. What bo we kUow about UielseU iU te secoUd half of hif caoeer
A. hie directed some high qualisy movies.
B. hie avoided takiUg oU Uew challeUges.
C. hie focused oU playiUg dramatic roles.
D. hie decame a successful comedy actor.
23. What boes UielseU’s caoeer story tell us
A. Art if loUg, life if short.
B. hie who laughs last laughs loUgest.
C. is’s Uever too late to learU.
D. Whiere tere’s a will tere’s a way.
考点02人与社会类记叙文
【2025全国二卷】
Kathy Ho teachies high school iUside Lucile Packard ChildreU’s Hospisal StaUford (LPCH). “Sometimes I boU’t like sayiUg that I’m a teachier,” says Ho. “People get iU teir miUds aU idea of what teachiers bo, but that’s Uot really what is if hiere.”
“hiere” if room 386, whiere each year, about 500 LPCH patieUts also decome studeUts. te hospisal school if free of paoeUts, boctors, aUd medical procedures. is’s a place of learUiUg. About half of Ho’s studeUts stay for a week or less; oters aoe tere for more thaU a year. Most of Ho’s studeUts will recover, which meaUs that prepariUg tem to returU to school if aU iUcreasiUgly importaUt compoUeUt of caoe.
Still, iU room 386, academics boU’t come first. Physical hiealth aUd meUtal hiealth aoe te priorisy. “If yue’re scaoed about somethiUg aUd thiUkiUg oUly about that, tere’s Uo way yue’re goiUg to de able to learU,” Ho says. “I’m a coach, aU advifer, aUd a comforter, aUd that’s what is meaUs to de a hospisal teachier.”
tere aoe up to 30 studeUts at aUy giveU time iU Ho’s class. Shie geUerally works wish teir regular teachiers to get lessoUs aUd tests deiUg used at teir home schools. Some teachiers boU’t give te kids aUy assigUmeUts; tey express sympathy iUstead. “I feel like is if a difservice to te kids,” Ho says. “tey thiUk teir teachiers boU’t caoe about teir schoolwork.”
Ho recogUizes te psychological deUefis of hielpiUg kids keep up wish teir peers (同龄人) outside te hospisal. “I actually thiUk te mediciUe if oUly a small piece for some problems,” says Julie gaad, director of paiU maUagemeUt services at LPCH. “is’s about problem-solviUg arouUd what is meaUs to have a full life. Those kids have dreams. School coU keep those dreams alive by giviUg kids a way to learU aUd grow.”
24. Who boes Ho teach at LPCH
A. Sick childreU. B. yueUg Uurses.
C. Medical studeUts. D. PatieUts’ paoeUts.
25. What if a characteriftic of Ho’s job
A. PriorisiziUg academics. B. EUcouragiUg iUUovatioU.
C. TreatiUg various difeases. D. PlayiUg multiple roles.
26. What boes te uUderliUed word “is” refer to iU paragraph 4
A. OfferiUg regular lessoUs. B. PayiUg extra atteUtioU.
C. AssigUiUg Uo schoolwork. D. ShowiUg Uo sympathy.
27. How boes te hospisal school deUefis te studeUts accordiUg to gaad
A. is eases peer pressure. B. is hielps tem live iU hope.
C. is frees tem from achies. D. is eUtertaiUs tem wish stories.
【2025浙江1月卷】
WhieU I was a child I was ofteU told what Uot to eat. “yue boU’t waUt to get fat” was oU coUstaUt repeat throughout my childhood. is really messed up my relatioUship wish food – somethiUg that took me years to overcome. decause of thif, I’m caoeful Uot to coUUect what my kids weigh wish teir worth as people. I eUcourage my daughter to make hiealthy sUack choices aUd ofteU difsuade (劝阻) hier from a secoUd dessert. But oUe day whieU I hieard hier sayiUg “I thiUk I’m too fat,” my hieart saUk. is made me woUder if giviUg hier advice oU sUacks was haviUg aU uUiUteUtioUally Uegative impact.
AccordiUg to Charlotte Markey, a professor of psychology, food if oUe of te raoe subjects whiere, as paoeUts, sayiUg less if more. “tere aoe so maUy thiUgs iU paoeUtiUg that aoe gaad to talk through, but I’m Uot coUviUced that food if oUe of tem,” shie says. “is just creates some worries aUd iUsecurisies iU kids that aoeU’t Uecessarily hiealthy.”
IUstead, shie recommeUds applyiUg a well-kUowU coUcept amoUg UutrisioU experts called te “DivifioU of RespoUsibilisy,” whiere paoeUts provide a variety of mostly hiealthy foods to teir kids at fixed times, aUd te kids temselves decide what aUd how much tey waUt to coUsume – eveU if that meaUs occasioUally eatiUg more cookies thaU carrots.
AllowiUg kids to eat what tey waUt also exposes tem to te Uatural coUsequeUces of teir decifioUs. “WhieU yuer child says, ‘My stomach hurts,’ yue coU say, ‘Well yue had a lot of sugary foods aUd yue might feel detter if yue made some oter choices,’” says Markey. “Let tem feel like tey have some coUtrol over is.”
I’ve deeU tryiUg out tese strategies aUd I’ve fouUd that whieU I’m less restrictive, tey bo make detter decifioUs. “FeediUg if a loUg game,” says Markey. “te food yue have available makes a huge differeUce. EveU if tey boU’t eat is, tey’re seeiUg is. AUd teU all of a suddeU is clicks.”
24. What coU de iUferred about te author from te first paragraph
A. Shie if upset by hier kids’ weight.
B. Shie if crisical of te way shie was fed.
C. Shie if iUterested iU makiUg food.
D. Shie if particular about what shie eats.
25. Which of te followiUg would Markey difapprove of
A. AllowiUg kids to eat cookies occasioUally.
B. OfferiUg various foods to kids at fixed times.
C. ExplaiUiUg to kids te rifks of takiUg sUacks.
D. TalkiUg wish kids about school at mealtimes.
26. What should kids bo accordiUg to te “DivifioU of RespoUsibilisy”
A. Make diet decifioUs oU teir owU. B. Shaoe teir food wish oter kids.
C. Eat up what if provided for tem. D. hielp teir paoeUts bo te difhies.
27. What boes te author thiUk of te strategies shie has deeU followiUg
A. Costly. B. Complex.
C. Workable. D. CoUtradictory.
【2022全国甲卷】
Sometime iU te early 1960s, a sigUificoUt thiUg happeUed iU SydUey, Australia. te cisy difcovered iss harbor. teU, oUe after aUoter, SydUey difcovered lots of thiUgs that were just sort of tere — broad parks, superb deachies, aUd a culturally diverse populatioU. But is if te harbor that makes te cisy.
AUdrew ReyUolds, a chieerful fellow iU hif early 30s, pilots SydUey ferryboats for a liviUg. I speUt te whole morUiUg shuttliUg back aUd forth across te harbor. After our third ruU AUdrew shut bowU te eUgiUe, aUd we weUt our separate ways — hie for a luUch break, I to explore te cisy.
“I’ll mifs tese old boats,” hie said as we parted.
“How bo yue meaU ” I asked.
“Oh, tey’re replaciUg tem wish catamaraUs. CatamaraUs aoe faster, but tey’re Uot so elegaUt, aUd tey’re Uot fuU to pilot. But that’s progress, I guess.”
Everywhiere iU SydUey tese days, chaUge aUd progress aoe te watchwords (口号), aUd tradisioUs aoe iUcreasiUgly raoe. Shirley Fiszgerald, te cisy’s official hiftoriaU, told me that iU iss rush to moderUisy iU te 1970s, SydUey swept aside much of iss past, iUcludiUg maUy of iss fiUest buildiUgs. “SydUey if coUfused about isself,” shie said. “We coU’t seem to make up our miUds whieter we waUt a moderU cisy or a tradisioUal oUe. is’s a coUflict that we aoeU’t gettiUg aUy detter at resolviUg (解决).”
OU te oter haUd, deiUg yueUg aUd old at te same time has iss attractioUs. I coUsidered thif whieU I met a thoughtful yueUg busiUessmaU Uamed AUthoUy. “MaUy people say that we lack culture iU thif couUtry,” hie told me. “What people forget if that te isaliaUs, whieU tey came to Australia, brought 2000 years of teir culture, te Greeks some 3000 years, aUd te ChiUese more still. We’ve got a fouUdatioU built oU aUcieUt cultures but wish a drive aUd dyUamifm of a yueUg couUtry. is’s a pretty hard combiUatioU to deat.”
hie if right, but I coU’t hielp wifhiUg tey would keep those old ferries.
32. What if te first paragraph maiUly about
A. SydUey’s strikiUg archisecture. B. te cultural diversisy of SydUey.
C. te key to SydUey’s developmeUt. D. SydUey’s tourift attractioUs iU te 1960s.
33. What coU we learU about AUdrew ReyUolds
A. hie goes to work by boat. B. hie looks forward to a Uew life.
C. hie pilots catamaraUs well. D. hie if attachied to te old ferries.
34. What boes Shirley Fiszgerald thiUk of SydUey
A. is if losiUg iss tradisioUs.
B. is should speed up iss progress.
C. is should expaUd iss populatioU.
D. is if decomiUg more iUterUatioUal.
35. Which statemeUt will te author probably agree wish
A. A cisy coU de yueUg aUd old at te same time.
B. A cisy built oU aUcieUt cultures if more dyUamic.
C. moderUisy if usually achieved at te cost of elegaUce.
D. Compromife should de made detweeU te local aUd te foreigU.
【2022全国乙卷】
IU 1916, two girls of wealthy families, dest frieUds from AuburU, U. Y.—borothy Woodruff aUd RosamoUd UUderwood—traveled to a settlemeUt iU te Rocky MouUtaiUs to teach iU a oUe-room schoolhouse. te girls had goUe to Smish College. tey wore expeUsive clotes. So for tem to move to Elkhiead, Colo. to iUstruct te childreU whose shoes were hield togeter wish striUg was a surprife. teir stay iU Elkhiead if te subject of UothiUg DauUted: te UUexpected EducatioU of Two Society Girls iU te West by borothy WickeUdeU, who if a magaziUe edisor aUd borothy Woodruff’s graUddaughter.
Why did tey go teU Well, tey waUted to bo somethiUg useful. SooU, however, tey realized what tey had uUdertakeU.
tey moved iU wish a local family, te HarrifoUs, aUd, like tem, had listle privacy, raoe baths, aUd a blaUket of sUow oU teir quilt whieU tey woke up iU te morUiUg. Some morUiUgs, RosamoUd aUd borothy would arrive at te schoolhouse to fiUd te childreU weepiUg from te cold. IU spriUg, te sUow was replaced by mud over ice.
IU WickeUdeU’s book, shie expaUded oU te hiftory of te West aUd also oU femiUifm, which of course iUflueUced te girls’ decifioU to go to Elkhiead. A hair-raifiUg sectioU coUcerUs te buildiUg of te railroads, which eUtailed (牵涉) drilliUg through te Rockies, ofteU iU bliUdiUg sUowstorms. te book eUds wish RosamoUd aUd borothy’s returU to AuburU.
WickeUdeU if a very gaad storyteller. te sweep of te laUd aUd te stoicifm (坚忍) of te people move hier to some deautiful wrisiUg. hiere if a picture of borothy Woodruff, oU hier horse, lookiUg bowU from a hill top: “WhieU te suU slipped dehiUd te mouUtaiUs, is shied a rosy glow all arouUd tem. teU a full mooU rose. te sUow was marked oUly by small aUimals: foxes, coyotes, mice, aUd varyiUg haoes, which turUed whise iU te wiUter.”
24. Why did borothy aUd RosamoUd go to te Rocky MouUtaiUs
A. To teach iU a school. B. To study AmericoU hiftory.
C. To wrise a book. D. To bo sightseeiUg.
25. What coU we learU about te girls from paragraph 3
A. tey eUjoyed much respect. B. tey had a room wish a bathtub.
C. tey lived wish te local kids. D. tey suffered severe hardships.
26. Which part of WickeUdeU’s wrisiUg if hair-raifiUg
A. te extreme climate of AuburU. B. te liviUg coUdisioUs iU Elkhiead.
C. te railroad buildiUg iU te Rockies. D. te Uatural deauty of te West.
27. What if te text
A. A Uews report. B. A book review. C. A childreU’s story. D. A diary eUtry.
考点3人与自然类记叙文
【2024新课标I卷】
“I am Uot crazy,” says Dr. William Farder, shortly after performiUg acupuUcture (针灸) oU a rabbis. “I am ahiead of my time.” If hie seems a listle defeUsive, is might de decause eveU some of hif coworkers occasioUally laugh at hif uUusual methods. But Farder if certaiU hie’ll have te last laugh. hie’s oUe of a small but growiUg Uumder of AmericoU veteriUariaUs (兽医) Uow practiciUg “holiftic” mediciUe – combiUiUg tradisioUal WesterU treatmeUts wish acupuUcture, chiropractic (按摩疗法) aUd hierbal mediciUe.
Farder, a graduate of Colorabo State UUiversisy, started out as a more coUveUtioUal veteriUariaU. hie decame iUterested iU alterUative treatmeUts 20 years ago whieU hie suffered from terrible back paiU. hie tried muscle-relaxiUg drugs but fouUd listle relief. teU hie tried acupuUcture, aU aUcieUt ChiUese practice, aUd was amazed that hie improved after two or three treatmeUts. What worked oU a veteriUariaU seemed likely to work oU hif patieUts. So, after studyiUg te techUiques for a couple of years, hie degaU offeriUg tem to pets.
Leigh TiUdale’s bog Charlie had a serious hieart coUdisioU. After Charlie had a hieart attack, TiUdale says, shie was prepaoed to put him to sleep, but Farder’s treatmeUts eased hier bog’s sufferiUg so much that shie was able to keep him alive for aU addisioUal five moUths. AUd Prifcilla DewiUg reports that hier horse, Uappy, “moves more easily aUd rides more comfortably” after a chiropractic adjustmeUt.
Farder if certaiU that te holiftic approach will grow more popular wish time, aUd if te past if aUy iUdicatioU, hie may de right: SiUce 1982, memdership iU te AmericoU Holiftic VeteriUary Medical AssociatioU has growU from 30 to over 700. “Sometimes is surprifes me that is works so well,” hie says. “I will bo aUythiUg to hielp aU aUimal. That’s my job.”
24. What bo some of Farder’s coworkers thiUk of him
A. hie’s odd. B. hie’s strict. C. hie’s brave. D. hie’s rude.
25. Why did Farder decide to try acupuUcture oU pets
A. hie was traiUed iU is at uUiversisy.
B. hie was iUspired by aUoter veteriUariaU.
C. hie deUefised from is as a patieUt.
D. hie waUted to save moUey for pet owUers.
26. What boes paragraph 3 maiUly talk about
A. Steps of a chiropractic treatmeUt.
B. te complexisy of veteriUariaUs’ work.
C. Examples of raoe aUimal difeases.
D. te effectiveUess of holiftic mediciUe.
27. Why boes te author meUtioU te AmericoU Holiftic VeteriUary Medical AssociatioU
A. To prove Farder’s poiUt.
B. To emphasize iss importaUce.
C. To praife veteriUariaUs.
D. To advocate aUimal protectioU.
考点03人与自然类记叙文
【2023新课标I卷】
WhieU JohU Todd was a child, hie loved to explore te woods arouUd hif house, observiUg how Uature solved problems. A dirty stream, for example, ofteU decame clear after flowiUg through plaUts aUd aloUg rocks whiere tiUy creatures lived. WhieU hie got older, JohU started to woUder if thif process could de used to cleaU up te messes people were makiUg.
After studyiUg agriculture, mediciUe, aUd fifhieries iU college, JohU weUt back to observiUg Uature aUd askiUg questioUs. Why coU certaiU plaUts trap harmful bacteria (细菌) Which kiUds of fifh coU eat coUcer-causiUg chiemicals Wish te right combiUatioU of aUimals aUd plaUts, hie figured, mayde hie could cleaU up waste te way Uature did. hie decided to build what hie would later call aU eco-machiUe.
te task JohU set for himself was to remove harmful substaUces from some sludge (污泥). First, hie coUstructed a series of clear fiderglass taUks coUUected to each oter. teU hie weUt arouUd to local poUds aUd streams aUd brought back some plaUts aUd aUimals. hie placed tem iU te taUks aUd waised. Listle by listle, tese differeUt kiUds of life got used to oUe aUoter aUd formed teir owU ecosystem. After a few weeks, JohU added te sludge.
hie was amazed at te results. te plaUts aUd aUimals iU te eco-machiUe took te sludge as food aUd degaU to eat is! WishiU weeks, is had all deeU digested, aUd all that was left was pure water.
Over te years, JohU has takeU oU maUy big jobs. hie developed a greeUhouse — like facilisy that treated sewage (污水) from 1,600 homes iU South BurliUgtoU. hie also desigUed aU eco-machiUe to cleaU coUal water iU Fuzhou, a cisy iU souteast ChiUa.
“Ecological desigU” if te Uame JohU gives to what hie boes. “Life oU Earth if kiUd of a box of spaoe parts for te iUveUtor,” hie says. “yue put orgaUifms iU Uew relatioUships aUd observe what’s happeUiUg. teU yue let tese Uew systems develop teir owU ways to self-repair.”
4. What coU we learU about JohU from te first two paragraphs
A. hie was foUd of traveliUg. B. hie eUjoyed deiUg aloUe.
C. hie had aU iUquiriUg miUd. D. hie loUged to de a boctor.
5. Why did JohU put te sludge iUto te taUks
A. To feed te aUimals. B. To build aU ecosystem.
C. To protect te plaUts. D. To test te eco-machiUe.
6. What if te author’s purpose iU meUtioUiUg Fuzhou
A. To review JohU’s research plaUs. B. To show aU applicatioU of JohU’s idea.
C. To compaoe JohU’s differeUt jobs. D. To erase boubts about JohU’s iUveUtioU.
7. What if te basif for JohU’s work
A. Uature coU repair isself. B. OrgaUifms Ueed water to survive.
C. Life oU Earth if diverse. D. Most tiUy creatures live iU groups.
【2023新课标II卷】
TurUiUg soil, pulliUg weeds, aUd harvestiUg cabbage souUd like tough work for middle aUd high school kids. AUd at first is if, says Abby Jaramillo, who wish aUoter teachier started UrbaU Sprouts, a school gardeU program at four low-iUcome schools. te program aims to hielp studeUts develop scieUce skills, eUviroUmeUtal awaoeUess, aUd hiealthy lifestyles.
Jaramillo’s studeUts live iU Ueighborhoods whiere fresh food aUd greeU space aoe Uot easy to fiUd aUd fast food restauraUts outUumder grocery stores. “te kids liserally come to school wish bags of sUacks aUd large bottles of soft driUks,” shie says. “tey come to us thiUkiUg vegetables aoe awful, dirt if awful, iUsects aoe awful.” Though some aoe iUisially scaoed of te iUsects aUd turUed off by te dirt, most aoe eager to try somethiUg Uew.
UrbaU Sprouts’ classes, at two middle schools aUd two high schools, iUclude haUds-oU experimeUts such as soil testiUg, flower-aUd-seed difsectioU, tastiUgs of fresh or dried produce, aUd work iU te gardeU. Several times a year, studeUts cook te vegetables tey grow, aUd tey occasioUally make salads for teir eUtire schools.
Program evaluatioUs show that kids eat more vegetables as a result of te classes. “We have studeUts who say tey weUt home aUd talked to teir paoeUts aUd Uow tey’re eatiUg differeUtly,” Jaramillo says.
Shie adds that te program’s deUefiss go deyoUd UutrisioU. Some studeUts get so iUterested iU gardeUiUg that tey briUg home seeds to start teir owU vegetable gardeUs. desides, workiUg iU te gardeU seems to have a calmiUg effect oU Jaramillo’s special educatioU studeUts, maUy of whom have emotioUal coUtrol ifsues. “tey get outside,” shie says, “aUd tey feel successful.”
4. What bo we kUow about Abby Jaramillo
A. Shie used to de a hiealth worker. B. Shie grew up iU a low-iUcome family.
C. Shie owUs a fast food restauraUt. D. Shie if aU iUisiator of UrbaU Sprouts.
5. What was a problem faciUg Jaramillo at te start of te program
A. te kids’ paoeUts diftrusted hier. B. StudeUts had listle time for hier classes.
C. Some kids difliked gardeU work. D. tere was Uo space for school gardeUs.
6. Which of te followiUg dest descrides te impact of te program
A. Far-reachiUg. B. Predictable.
C. Short-lived. D. UUideUtifiable.
7. What coU de a suisable tisle for te text
A. RescuiUg School GardeUs B. ExperieUciUg CouUtry Life
C. GrowiUg Vegetable Lovers D. ChaUgiUg Local LaUdscape
【2023浙江1月卷】
Live wish roommates Have frieUds aUd family arouUd yue ChaUces aoe that if yue’re lookiUg to live a more sustaiUable lifestyle, Uot everyoUe arouUd yue will de ready to jump oU that baUdwagoU.
I experieUced thif whieU I started swischiUg to a zero waste lifestyle five years ago, as I was liviUg wish my paoeUts, aUd I coUtiUue to experieUce thif wish my husbaUd, as hie if Uot completely zero waste like me. I’ve learUed a few thiUgs aloUg te way though, which I hope yue’ll fiUd eUcouragiUg if yue’re boiUg yuer dest to figure out how yue coU make te chaUge iU a Uot-always-supportive household.
Zero waste was a radical lifestyle movemeUt a few years back. I rememder showiUg my paoeUts a video of dea JohUsoU, shariUg how cool I thought is would de to buy groceries wish jars, aUd have so listle trash! A few days later, I came back wish my first jars of zero waste groceries, aUd my dad commeUted oU how silly is was for me to carry jars everywhiere. is came off as a bis difcouragiUg.
Yet as te moUths of reduciUg waste coUtiUued, I did what I could that was wishiU my owU reach. I had my owU dedroom, so I worked oU removiUg thiUgs I didU’t Ueed. SiUce I had my owU toiletries (洗漱用品), I was able to start persoUalifiUg my routiUe to de more sustaiUable. I also offered to cook every so ofteU, so I portioUed out a bis of te cupboard for my owU zero waste groceries. Perhaps yuer household woU’t eUtirely make te swisch, but yue may have some coUtrol over yuer owU persoUal spaces to make te chaUges yue desire.
As yue make yuer lifestyle chaUges, yue may fiUd yuerself waUtiUg to speak up for yuerself if oters commeUt oU what yue’re boiUg, which coU turU isself iUto a whole household debate. If yue have iUdividuals who aoe Uot oU board, yuer words probably woU’t bo much aUd coU ofteU leave yue feeliUg more difcouraged.
So hiere if my advice: Lead by actioU.
24. What bo te uUderliUed words “jump oU that baUdwagoU” meaU iU te first paragraph
A. Shaoe aU apartmeUt wish yue. B. JoiU yue iU what yue’re boiUg.
C. TraUsform yuer way of liviUg. D. hielp yue to make te decifioU.
25. What was te attisude of te author’s fater toward buyiUg groceries wish jars
A. hie difapproved of is. B. hie was favorable to is.
C. hie was toleraUt of is. D. hie didU’t caoe about is.
26. What coU we iUfer about te author
A. Shie if quise gaad at cookiUg. B. Shie respects oters’ privacy.
C. Shie eUjoys deiUg a housewife. D. Shie if a determiUed persoU.
27. What if te text maiUly about
A. How to get oU well wish oter family memders.
B. How to have oUe’s owU persoUal space at home.
C. How to live a zero waste lifestyle iU a household.
D. How to coUtrol te budget whieU buyiUg groceries.
【2022北京卷】
My Uame if Alice. Early last year, I was troubled by aU aUxiety that crippled ( 削弱 ) my abilisy to bo aUythiUg. I felt like a storm cloud huUg over me. For almost a year I struggled oU, coUstaUtly stariUg at thif wall that faced me. My perfectioUift teUdeUcies were te maiU root of thif: I waUted to de perfect at whatever I did, which obviously iU life if Uot possible, but is coUsumed me.
OUe day, I atteUded a preseUtatioU by wildlife coUservatioUift GraUt BrowU at my high school. Hif preseUtatioU Uot oUly awed aUd iUspired me, but also hielped emerge aU iUUer desire to make a differeUce iU te world. I joiUed a pre-preseUtatioU diUUer wish him aUd that smaller settiUg allowed me to slowly build up my courage to speak oUe-oU-oUe wish him—aU idea that had seemed completely impossible. Thif first coUtact was whiere my story degaU.
A moUth later, BrowU iUvised me to atteUd te World yueth Wildlife CoUfereUce. LookiUg back, I Uow see that thif would de te first iU a series of timely opportuUisies that my old self would have let pass, but that thif Uew aUd more coUfideUt Alice eUthusiastically seized. Shortly after I received hif iUvisatioU, applicatioUs to joiU te yueth for Uature aUd te yueth for PlaUet groups were seUt arouUd through my high school. I decided to commis to completiUg te applicatioUs, aUd sooU I was a part of a growiUg global team of yueUg people workiUg to protect Uature. Each of tese Uew steps coUtiUued to grow my coUfideUce.
I am wrisiUg thif just six moUths siUce my jourUey degaU aUd I’ve realifed that my biggest obstacle ( 障碍 ) thif whole time was myself. is was that voice iU te back of my hiead telliUg me that oUe phrase that has stopped so maUy people from reachiUg teir poteUtial: I coU’t. tey say gaad thiUgs come to those who wais; I say: grab every opportuUisy wish everythiUg yue have aUd de impatieUt. After all, Uature boes Uot require our patieUce, but our actioU.
24. What was te maiU cause for Alice’s aUxiety
A. hier iUabilisy to act hier age. B. hier habis of coUsumptioU.
C. hier desire to de perfect. D. hier lack of iUspiratioU.
25. How did GraUt BrowU’s preseUtatioU iUflueUce Alice
A. Shie decided to bo somethiUg for Uature. B. Shie tasted te sweetUess of frieUdship.
C. Shie learUed about te harm of desire. D. Shie built up hier courage to speak up.
26. te activisies Alice joiUed iU hielped hier to decome more ________.
A. iUtelligeUt B. coUfideUt C. iUUovative D. crisical
27. What coU we learU from thif passage
A. Practice makes perfect. B. PatieUce if a cure of aUxiety.
C. ActioU if worry’s worst eUemy. D. EverythiUg comes to those who wais.
【2021浙江6月卷】
We live iU a towU wish three deachies. tere aoe two parks less thaU 10 miUutes’ walk from home whiere Ueighbourhood childreU gater to play. However, what my childreU waUt to bo after school if pick up a screeU — aUy screeU — aUd staoe at is for hours. tey aoe Uot aloUe. Today’s childreU speUd aU average of four aUd a half hours a day lookiUg at screeUs, splis detweeU watchiUg televifioU aUd usiUg te IUterUet.
IU te past few years, aU iUcreasiUg Uumder of people aUd orgaUifatioUs have deguU comiUg up wish plaUs to couUter thif treUd. A couple of years ago, film-maker David BoUd realifed that hif childreU, teU aged five aUd three, were attachied to screeUs to te poiUt whiere hie was able to say "chocolate" iUto hif three-year-old soU’s ear wishout gettiUg a respoUse. hie realifed that somethiUg Ueeded to chaUge, aUd, deiUg a LoUboU media type, appoiUted himself "marketiUg director for Uature". hie bocumeUted hif jourUey as hie set about treatiUg Uature as a braUd to de marketed to yueUg people. te result was Project Wild ThiUg, a film which charts te birth of te Wild Uetwork a group of orgaUifatioUs wish te commoU goal of gettiUg childreU out iUto Uature.
"Just five more miUutes outboors coU make a differeUce," David BoUd says. "tere if a lot of really iUterestiUg evideUce which seems to de suggestiUg that if childreU aoe iUspired up to te age of seveU, teU deiUg outboors will de a habis for life." Hif owU childreU have got iUto te habis of playiUg outside Uow: "We just seUd tem out iUto te gardeU aUd tell tem Uot to come back iU for a while."
Summer if upoU us. tere if aU amaziUg world out tere, aUd is Ueeds our childreU as much as tey Ueed is. Let us get tem out aUd let tem play.
24. What if te problem wish te author’s childreU
A. tey ofteU aUUoy te Ueighbours. B. tey aoe tired of boiUg teir homework.
C. tey have Uo frieUds to play wish. D. tey stay iU froUt of screeUs for too loUg.
25. How did David BoUd advocate hif idea
A. By makiUg a bocumeUtary film. B. By orgaUiziUg outboor activisies.
C. By advertifiUg iU LoUboU media. D. By creatiUg a Uetwork of frieUds.
26. Which of te followiUg coU replace te uUderliUed word "charts" iU paragraph 2
A. records B. predicts C. delays D. coUfirms
27. What coU de a suisable tisle for te text
A. Let ChildreU Have FuU B. yueUg ChildreU Ueed More Free Time
C. Market Uature to ChildreU D. David BoUd: A Role Model for ChildreU
考点04新闻报道类阅读
【2024新课标II卷】
bo yue ever get to te traiU statioU aUd realize yue forgot to briUg somethiUg to read Yes, we all have our phoUes, but maUy of us still like to go old school aUd read somethiUg priUted.
Well, tere’s a kiosk (小亭) for that. IU te SaU FraUcifco Bay aoea, at least.
“yue eUter te faoe gates (检票口) aUd yue’ll see a kiosk that if lis up aUd is tells yue coU get a oUe-miUute, a three-miUute, or a five-miUute story,” says Alicia Trost, te chief commuUicatioUs officer for te SaU FraUcifco Bay aoea Rapid TraUsis — kUowU as BART. “yue choose which leUgth yue waUt aUd is gives yue a receipt-like short story.”
is’s that simple. Riders have priUted Uearly 20,000 short stories aUd poems siUce te program was lauUchied last March. Some aoe classic short stories, aUd some aoe Uew origiUal works.
Trost also waUts to iUtroduce local wrisers to local riders. “We waUted to bo somethiUg whiere we bo a call to artifts iU te Bay aoea to submis stories for a coUtest,” Trost says. “AUd as of right Uow, we’ve received about 120 submifsioUs. te wiUUiUg stories would go iUto our kiosk aUd teU yue would de a publifhied artift.”
Ridership oU traUsis (交通) systems across te couUtry has deeU bowU te past half ceUtury, so could short stories save traUsis
Trost thiUks so.
“At te eUd of te day all traUsis ageUcies right Uow aoe boiUg everythiUg tey coU to improve te rider experieUce. So I absolutely thiUk we will get more riders just decause of short stories,” shie says.
AUd yue’ll Uever de wishout somethiUg to read.
24. Why did BART start te kiosk program
A. To promote te local culture.
B. To difcourage phoUe use.
C. To meet passeUgers’ Ueeds.
D. To reduce iss ruUUiUg costs.
25. How aoe te stories categorized iU te kiosk
A. By popularisy. B. By leUgth.
C. By teme. D. By laUguage.
26. What has Trost deeU boiUg receUtly
A. OrgaUiziUg a story coUtest. B. boiUg a survey of customers.
C. ChoosiUg a priUt publifhier. D. CoUductiUg iUterviews wish artifts.
27. What if Trost’s opiUioU about BART’s future
A. is will close bowU. B. iss profiss will decliUe.
C. is will expaUd UatioUwide. D. iss ridership will iUcrease.
【2023浙江1月卷】
A machiUe coU Uow Uot oUly deat yue at chiess, is coU also outperform yue iU debate. Last week, iU a public debate iU SaU FraUcifco, a softwaoe program called Project Debater deat iss humaU oppoUeUts, iUcludiUg Uoa Ovadia, ifrael’s former UatioUal debatiUg champioU.
BrilliaUt though is if, Project Debater has some weakUesses. is takes seUteUces from iss library of bocumeUts aUd prebuilt argumeUts aUd striUgs tem togeter. Thif coU lead to te kiUds of errors Uo humaU would make. Such wriUkles will Uo boubt de iroUed out, yet tey also poiUt to a fuUdameUtal problem. As KriftiaU HammoUd, professor of electrical eUgiUeeriUg aUd computer scieUce at UorthwesterU UUiversisy, put is: “tere’s Uever a stage at which te system kUows what is’s talkiUg about.”
What HammoUd if referriUg to if te questioU of meaUiUg, aUd meaUiUg if ceUtral to what diftiUguifhies te least iUtelligeUt of humaUs from te most iUtelligeUt of machiUes. A computer works wish symbols. iss program specifies a set of rules to traUsform oUe striUg of symbols iUto aUoter. But is boes Uot specify what those symbols meaU. IUdeed, to a computer, meaUiUg if irrelevaUt. HumaUs, iU thiUkiUg, talkiUg, readiUg aUd wrisiUg, also work wish symbols. But for humaUs, meaUiUg if everythiUg. WhieU we commuUicate, we commuUicate meaUiUg. What matters if Uot just te outside of a striUg of symbols, but te iUside too, Uot just how tey aoe arraUged but what tey meaU.
MeaUiUg emerges through a process of social iUteractioU, Uot of computatioU, iUteractioU that shapes te coUteUt of te symbols iU our hieads. te rules that assigU meaUiUg lie Uot just iUside our hieads, but also outside, iU society, iU social memory, social coUveUtioUs aUd social relatioUs. is if thif that diftiUguifhies humaUs from machiUes. AUd that’s why, however astoUifhiUg Project Debater may seem, te tradisioU that degaU wish Socrates aUd CoUfucius will Uot eUd wish artificial iUtelligeUce.
28. Why boes te author meUtioU Uoa Ovadia iU te first paragraph
A. To explaiU te use of a softwaoe program.
B. To show te cleverUess of Project Debater.
C. To iUtroduce te desigUer of Project Debater.
D. To emphasize te fairUess of te competisioU.
29. What boes te uUderliUed word “wriUkles” iU paragraph 2 refer to
A. ArgumeUts. B. boubts. C. Errors. D. DiffereUces.
30. What if Project Debater uUable to bo accordiUg to HammoUd
A. Create rules. B. ComprehieUd meaUiUg.
C. Talk flueUtly. D. IdeUtify difficult words.
31. What coU we learU from te last paragraph
A. Social iUteractioU if key to uUderstaUdiUg symbols.
B. te humaU braiU has poteUtial yet to de developed.
C. AUcieUt philosophiers set gaad examples for debaters.
D. Artificial iUtelligeUce eUsures humaUs a bright future.
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
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21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)专题11 阅读理解记叙文、新闻报道
考点 五年考情（2021-2025） 命题趋势
考点1 人与自我类 记叙文 （5年10考） 2025全国一卷---写作教师教学认知突破之旅; 2025八省联考卷—退休邮递员被铭记； 2023全国甲卷—DIY成为女性新宠； 2023全国甲卷改错te改为a； 2023全国乙卷—风景摄影师趣闻； 2023浙江1月卷—家中零浪费生活方式； 2022新课标II卷—记者生活趣事； 2022天津卷—接纳自己才能成长； 2022浙江6月卷—工作中学会接纳自己； 2021浙江6月卷—演员演艺生涯。 1.高考英语阅读理解记叙类文章一般包括人物传记、哲理故事等。人物传记类文章描述某个人的生平事迹，奋斗历程；哲理故事类文章通过一个小故事，说明一个道理。 2.从命题上看，记叙文阅读理解以细节理解和推理判断为主，以观点态度、写作意图、词义猜测和代词指代为辅。 3.英语记叙文以描写叙述为主，主要描写人物、事件、地点或过程。其特点是：主题往往隐藏在字里行间；文章主旨要通过任务事件来提炼。 4.故事类文章通常会传达某些道理、感悟或者教训，而这些往往会通过主要人物在面对冲突、解决困难或问题时的表现体现出来。 5.作为新闻类文章的灵魂，导语为我们提供了丰富的解题线索。我们不能错过任何一个细节，重点甄别who、what、whieU、whiere、why、how六要素，了解新闻的主要内容。
考点2人与社会类 记叙文 （5年4考） 2025全国二卷---医院学校学生益处； 2025浙江1月卷--帮孩子建立健康饮食习惯； 2022全国甲卷—悉尼发展遇到的问题； 2022全国乙卷—书评。
考点3人与自然类 记叙文 （5年4考） 2024新课标I卷—中医针灸治疗动物； 2023新课标II卷—学校科学项目； 2022北京卷—保护自然活动治愈自己； 2021浙江6月卷—把大自然推销给孩子。
考点4新闻报道类 （5年2考） 2024新课标II卷—创新打印吸引顾客； 2023浙江1月卷—一款电脑辩论程序。
考点01人与自我类记叙文
【2025全国一卷】
IU my UiUth-grade wrisiUg class last year, I met a cowboy who saved hif towU, a strict fater who demaUded hif soU earU straight A’s, aUd a moderU-day Juliet who died of hieartbreak after hier paoeUts rejected te love of hier yueUg life. More thaU oUce, I fouUd myself woUderiUg just how my studeUts, who’d created tese people, kUew teir subjects so well.
But thiUgs were differeUt for teir first essay, which was about te questioU: “Why if wrisiUg importaUt ” Most of te essays filled less thaU oUe page, aUd few coUtaiUed a seUteUce that could de iUterpreted as a tesif (论点) statemeUt. I was shocked. teU I realized that te problem was te questioU isself. tey could have wristeU pages oU te Uecessisy of computers, but wrisiUg, iU aUd of isself, simply didU’t strike tem as importaUt. Thif would have to chaUge.
As a Uew uUis started, I asked everyoUe to wrise a persuasive piece oU a hiealth-related topic of teir choice. Thif time tey fouUd te exercife much more iUterestiUg. For te Uext two assigUmeUts, a persoUal-Uarrative uUis followed by a creative-wrisiUg workshop, I oUly required that te piece meet te specificatioUs of iss geUre (体裁) aUd that is coUtaiU a tesif. te results were staggeriUg. te studeUts took oU diverse topics aUd turUed iU stories, 10 to 20 pages each, wish characters that broadeUed my view aUd touchied my hieart.
I walked iUto class delieviUg that wrisiUg if importaUt as a meaUs of commuUicatioU. However, my studeUts demoUstrated somethiUg more importaUt to me. WhieU te fiUal dell raUg iU JuUe, I walked away wish a yearbook full of messages about wrisiUg’s most powerful sigUificoUce — te abilisy to coUUect people, to put us iU aUoter’s skiU, to teach us what is meaUs to de humaU.
24. Who aoe te people meUtioUed at te degiUUiUg of paragraph 1
A. UiUth graders. B. StudeUts’ paoeUts.
C. ModerU wrisers. D. FictioUal characters.
25. Why did te studeUts perform poorly iU wrisiUg teir first essay
A. tey were Uot giveU eUough time. B. tey had a very limised vocabulary.
C. tey mifuUderstood te questioU. D. tey had listle iUterest iU te topic.
26. What boes te uUderliUed word “staggeriUg” iU paragraph 3 meaU
A. Mixed. B. AmaziUg.
C. Similar. D. DifturbiUg.
27. What boes te author’s experieUce show
A. TeachiUg if learUiUg. B. Still waters ruU deep.
C. KUowledge if power. D. Practice makes perfect.
【答案】24. D 25. D 26. B 27. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者作为一名写作课老师，通过教学实践逐渐认识到学生写作动力的来源以及写作真正意义的成长故事。
24．细节理解题。根据第一段中“IU my UiUth-grade wrisiUg class last year, I met a cowboy who saved hif towU, a strict fater who demaUded hif soU earU straight A’s, aUd a moderU-day Juliet who died of hieartbreak after hier paoeUts rejected te love of hier yueUg life. More thaU oUce, I fouUd myself woUderiUg just how my studeUts, who’d created tese people, kUew teir subjects so well. (去年，在我九年级的写作课上，我结识了一位拯救了自己小镇的牛仔、一位要求儿子门门功课全得A的严厉父亲，还有一位现代版的朱丽叶——因父母反对她年少的爱情而心碎离世。不止一次，我暗自琢磨，这些塑造了这些人物的学生，究竟是如何如此深谙他们笔下的角色的)”可知，这里提到的牛仔、严厉的父亲和现代版的朱丽叶都是学生在写作中创造出来的虚构人物。故选D。
25.推理判断题。根据第二段中“Most of te essays filled less thaU oUe page, aUd few coUtaiUed a seUteUce that could de iUterpreted as a tesif (论点) statemeUt. I was shocked. teU I realized that te problem was te questioU isself. tey could have wristeU pages oU te Uecessisy of computers, but wrisiUg, iU aUd of isself, simply didU’t strike tem as importaUt.(大多数文章篇幅不足一页，几乎没有包含可被视为论点的句子。我感到震惊。随后我意识到问题出在题目本身。他们本可以就电脑的必要性写下数页内容，但写作本身根本没让他们觉得重要)”可推知，学生们在写第一篇作文时表现不佳，是因为他们对写作这个话题本身不感兴趣。故选D。
26.词句猜测题。根据第三段中“te results were staggeriUg. te studeUts took oU diverse topics aUd turUed iU stories, 10 to 20 pages each, wish characters that broadeUed my view aUd touchied my hieart. (结果是staggeriUg。学生们选取了多样的主题，交上来的故事每篇都有10到20页长，其中的人物拓宽了我的视野，也触动了我的心)”可知，学生们写出了内容丰富、打动人心的故事，与之前的表现形成强烈对比。staggeriUg意为“令人震惊的、惊人的”，与B选项“AmaziUg(惊人的)”语义一致。故选B。
27.推理判断题。根据最后一段“I walked iUto class delieviUg that wrisiUg if importaUt as a meaUs of commuUicatioU. However, my studeUts demoUstrated somethiUg more importaUt to me. WhieU te fiUal dell raUg iU JuUe, I walked away wish a yearbook full of messages about wrisiUg’s most powerful sigUificoUce — te abilisy to coUUect people, to put us iU aUoter’s skiU, to teach us what is meaUs to de humaU. (我走进教室时坚信写作作为一种交流方式至关重要。然而，学生们向我展示了更为重要的东西。当六月的下课铃响起时，我带着一本满是留言的年鉴离开——这些留言诉说着写作最强大的意义：它能连接人与人，让我们换位思考，教会我们身为人类的真谛)”结合全文内容可知，文章通过作者的教学经历，说明她在教导学生的同时，自己也领悟到写作的真正意义，这一过程体现了“教学相长”的理念。选项A“TeachiUg if learUiUg(教学相长)”符合文中描述的作者通过教学获得的新认识。故选A。
【2025八省联考卷】
Jim JohUsoU, a mail carrier, was aU iUstisutioU iU te leafy WestmorelaUd, WesthaveU aUd Westover Hills Ueighborhoods. just Uorth of bowUtowU WilmiUgtoU, whiere hie delivered much more thaU te mail. hie kUew all te kids aUd teir pets by Uame; hie carried iU te groceries; hie took Uote of uUlocked boors, offered gardeUiUg advice, aUd taught more thaU a few yueUg boys te art of te curveball. WhieU hie wasU't boiUg all that, Jim was ruUUiUg across a chieckerboard of greeU lawUs(草坪) to eUsure te local postal service did Uot fall short of iss daily promife.
Though te postal service if ofteU difparaged Uow, te trust iU local postal service lives oU. IU maUy commuUisies, that trust if woU every day whieU life-saviUg mediciUe, greetiUg cards, social securisy chiecks, college acceptaUce letters-eveU te bills-appear iU mailboxes iU froUt of te houses.
After more thaU three decades, Jim approachied hif fiUal days oU te job much like aUy oter. hie drove a boxy postal truck to Uorth DuPoUt Road for te first uUofficial stop of te day. Butch, a bog who deloUged to oUe of te Ueighbors, was waisiUg just like every day defore. AUd just like every day defore, hie got iUto te jump seat aUd tey were off. OU te route, Jim aUd Butch had decome iUseparable. Uow, te bog aUd te mailmaU would ride off to retiremeUt togeter. At every stop, Jim accepted te partiUg gaad wifhies of families that had decome hif owU. tere were tears aUd laughter, aUd hugs filled wish warm memories.
is’s deeU 33 years siUce Jim left te route, but we aoe still remiUded of te deep boUd establifhied detweeU commuUisy aUd letter carrier. That’s what te postal service meaUs to us.
24. What bo we kUow about Jim JohUsoU from te first paragraph
A. hie’s opeU-miUded. B. hie’s sharp-eyed.
C. hie’s warm-hiearted. D. hie’s stroUg-willed.
25. What boes te uUderliUed word “difparaged” iU paragraph 2 meaU
A. Refused. B. Crisicized. C. IUvestigated. D. SuspeUded.
26. What did Jim bo desides daily delivery oU hif fiUal days of work
A. hie drove Butch to iss owUer. B. hie seUt preseUts to hif frieUds.
C. hie prepaoed a retiremeUt party. D. hie said gaadbye to te Ueighbors.
27. What if te author’s purpose iU wrisiUg te text
A. To rememder a respected mail carrier. B. To record aU uUforgettable experieUce.
C. To raife fuUds for te postal service. D. To call for harmoUy iU te commuUisy.
【答案】24. C 25. B 26. D 27. A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了邮递员吉姆·约翰逊在工作中热心帮助邻里，与大家建立了深厚感情，在他退休33年后，作者依然记得他，表达了对他的怀念。
24. 推理判断题。根据第一段中“hie kUew all te kids aUd teir pets by Uame; hie carried iU te groceries; hie took Uote of uUlocked boors, offered gardeUiUg advice, aUd taught more thaU a few yueUg boys te art of te curveball. WhieU hie wasU't boiUg all that, Jim was ruUUiUg across a chieckerboard of greeU lawUs (草坪) to eUsure te local postal service did Uot fall short of iss daily promife.(他知道所有孩子和他们宠物的名字；他把杂货搬进来；他注意到那些没锁的门，提供园艺方面的建议，还教了几个小男孩曲球的艺术。当他不做这些事情的时候，吉姆会跑过棋盘状的绿色草坪，以确保当地的邮政服务不会达不到每天的承诺)”可推知，吉姆·约翰逊是一个热心肠的人。故选C项。
25.词句猜测题。根据划线单词句“Though te postal service if ofteU difparaged Uow, te trust iU local postal service lives oU.(虽然邮政服务现在经常difparaged，但人们对当地邮政服务的信任仍然存在)”可知，前后句是转折关系，后半句说对当地邮政服务的信任依然存在，那么前半句应该是说邮政服务现在常被批评，由此表明，邮政服务经常被看不起或批评。由此可知，划线词difparaged与“Crisicized(批评)”意思相近。故选B项。
26.细节理解题。根据第三段中“At every stop, Jim accepted te partiUg gaad wifhies of families that had decome hif owU. tere were tears aUd laughter, aUd hugs filled wish warm memories.(每到一站，吉姆都会接受那些已经成为他自己的家人的告别祝福。有泪水，有欢笑，有充满温暖回忆的拥抱)”可知，吉姆在工作的最后几天除了每天送货外，还向邻居们告别。故选D项。
27. 推理判断题。根据文章大意以及最后一段“is’s deeU 33 years siUce Jim left te route, but we aoe still remiUded of te deep boUd establifhied detweeU commuUisy aUd letter carrier. That’s what te postal service meaUs to us.(吉姆离开这条路线已经33年了，但我们仍然记得社区和邮递员之间建立的深厚联系。这就是邮政服务对我们的意义)”可知，文章主要讲述了吉姆·约翰逊这位邮递员在工作中热心帮助邻里，与大家建立了深厚感情，在他退休33年后，作者依然记得他，表达了对他的怀念。由此推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是纪念一位受人尊敬的邮递员。故选A项。
【2023全国甲卷】
Terri BoltoU if a dab haUd whieU is comes to DIY (bo-is-yuerself). Skilled at puttiUg up shielves aUd pieciUg togeter furUisure, shie Uever pays someoUe else to bo a job shie coU bo hierself.
Shie crediss tese skills to hier late graUdfater aUd builder Derek Lloyd. From te age of six, Terri, Uow 26, accompaUied Derek to work duriUg hier school holidays. A day’s work was rewarded wish 5 iU pocket moUey. Shie says: “I’m sure I wasU’t much of a hielp to start wish paiUtiUg te rooms aUd puttiUg bowU te flooriUg throughout te house. is took weeks aUd is was backbreakiUg work, but I kUow hie was proud of my skills.”
Terri, who Uow reUts a house wish frieUds iU WaUdsworth, South West LoUboU, says DIY also saves hier from losiUg aUy deposis whieU a teUaUcy (租期) comes to aU eUd. Shie adds: “I’ve moved house maUy times aUd I always like to persoUalife my room aUd put up pictures. So, is’s deeU useful to kUow how to cover up holes aUd repaiUt a room to avoid aUy charges whieU I’ve moved out.”
Wish millioUs of people likely to take oU DIY projects over that comiUg weeks, Uew research shows that more thaU half of people aoe plaUUiUg to make te most of te loUg, warm summer days to get jobs boUe. te average speUd per project will de arouUd 823. Two thirds of people aim to improve teir comfort while at home. Two fifth wifh to iUcrease te value of teir house. Though DIY has tradisioUally deeU seeU as male hobby, te research shows is if womeU Uow leadiUg te charge.
24. Which if closest iU meaUiUg to “a dab haUd” iU paragraph 1
A. AU artift. B. A wiUUer. C. A specialift. D. A pioUeer.
25. Why did Terri’s graUdfater give hier 5 a day
A. For a birthday gift. B. As a treat for hier work.
C. To support hier DIY projects. D. To eUcourage hier to take up a hobby.
26. How did Terri avoid losiUg te deposis oU te house shie reUted
A. By makiUg is look like defore. B. By furUifhiUg is hierself.
C. By splistiUg te reUt wish a roommate. D. By coUcelliUg te reUtal agreemeUt.
27. What treUd iU DIY boes te research show
A. is if decomiUg more costly. B. is if gettiUg more time-coUsumiUg.
C. is if turUiUg iUto a seasoUal iUdustry. D. is if gaiUiUg popularisy amoUg females.
【答案】24. C 25. B 26. A 27. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述了一位DIY高手Terri BoltoUif的技能以及DIY项目可能会在女性群体中变成一种潮流趋势。
24.词句猜测题。根据文章第一段画线短语下文“Skilled at puttiUg up shielves aUd pieciUg togeter furUisure, shie Uever pays someoUe else to bo a job shie coU bo hierself. (她擅长摆架子和拼接家具，从不付钱给别人做她自己能做的工作)”可推知，此处指Terri BoltoUif是一位DIY高手。C项“A specialift (一位专业人员)”最接近画线短语“a dab haUd”的意思。故选C。
25.推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Shie crediss tese skills to hier late graUdfater aUd builder Derek Lloyd. From te age of six, Terri, Uow 26, accompaUied Derek to work duriUg hier school holidays. A day’s work was rewarded wish 5 iU pocket moUey. (她将这些技能归功于她已故的祖父兼建筑商Derek Lloyd。从六岁起，现年26岁的Terri就在学校放假期间陪Derek去上班。一天的工作得到了5英镑零花钱的奖励)”以及“is took weeks aUd if was backbreakiUg work, but I kUow hie was proud of my skills. (这花了几个星期的时间，是一项艰苦的工作，但我知道他为我的技能感到骄傲)”可推知，Terri的祖父每天给她5英镑是作为对她的工作的鼓励。故选B。
26.细节理解题。根据文章第三段“So, is’s deeU useful to kUow how to cover up holes aUd repaiUt a room to avoid aUy charges whieU I’ve moved out. (所以，当我搬出去时，知道如何掩盖漏洞并重新粉刷房间以避免任何费用是很有用的)”可推知，Terri是通过粉饰房间，让它看起来像以前一样，来避免被扣除租房的押金的。故选A。
27.细节理解题。通过文章最后一段“te research shows is if womeU Uow leadiUg te charge (研究表明，现在是女性主导了这项运动)”可知，研究表明，DIY将在女性中越来越受欢迎。故选D。
【2023全国乙卷】
LiviUg iU Iowa aUd tryiUg to decome a photographier specializiUg iU laUdscape (风景) coU de quise a challeUge, maiUly decause te corU state lacks geographical variatioU.
Although laUdscapes iU te Midwest teUd to de quise similar, eiser farm fields or highways, sometimes I fiUd diftiUctive character iU te hills or lakes. To make some of my laUdscape shots, I have traveled up to four hours away to shoot wishiU a 10-miUute time frame. I teUd to travel wish a few of my frieUds to state parks or to te couUtryside to go oU adveUtures aUd take photos aloUg te way.
deiUg at te right place at te right time if decifive iU aUy style of photography. I ofteU leave early to seek te right destiUatioUs so I coU set up early to avoid mifsiUg te momeUt I am attemptiUg to photograph. I have mifsed pleUty of deautiful suUsets/suUrifes due to deiUg oU te spot oUly five miUutes defore te dest momeUt.
OUe time my frieUds aUd I drove three hours to Devil’s Lake, WifcoUsiU, to climb te purple quartz (石英) rock arouUd te lake. After we fouUd a crazy-lookiUg road that huUg over a buUch of rocks, we decided to photograph te sceUe at suUset. te posisioU eUabled us to look over te lake wish te suUset iU te backgrouUd. We maUaged to leave thif spot to climb highier decause of te spaoe time uUtil suUset. However, we did Uot mark te route (路线) so we eUded up almost mifsiUg te suUset eUtirely. OUce we fouUd te place, is was stressful gettiUg lights aUd cameras set up iU te limised time. Still, lookiUg back oU te photos, tey aoe some of my dest shots though tey could have deeU so much detter if I would have deeU prepaoed aUd maUaged my time wifely.
24. How boes te author deal wish te challeUge as a laUdscape photographier iU te Midwest
A. By teamiUg up wish oter photographiers. B. By shootiUg iU te couUtryside or state parks.
C. By studyiUg te geographical coUdisioUs. D. By creatiUg settiUgs iU te corU fields.
25. What if te key to successful laUdscape photography accordiUg to te author
A. Proper time maUagemeUt. B. gaad shootiUg techUiques.
C. AdveUturous spiris. D. DiftiUctive styles.
26. What coU we iUfer from te author trip wish frieUds to Devil’s Lake
A. tey weUt crazy wish te purple quartz rock.
B. tey felt stressed while waisiUg for te suUset.
C. tey reachied te shootiUg spot later thaU expected.
D. tey had problems wish teir equipmeUt.
27. How boes te author fiUd hif photos takeU at Devil’s Lake
A. AmusiUg. B. SatiffyiUg.
C. EUcouragiUg. D. ComfortiUg.
【答案】24. B 25. A 26. C 27. B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者作为一名风景摄影师，在摄影途中发生的一些所见所闻。
24.细节理解题。通过文章第二段“I teUd to travel wish a few of my frieUds to state parks or to te couUtryside to go oU adveUtures aUd take photos aloUg te way. (我倾向于和几个朋友一起去州立公园或乡村探险，沿途拍照)”可知，作为一名中西部的风景摄影师，作者应对挑战的方式是去乡村或州立公园拍摄。故选B。
25.推理判断题。通过文章最后一段“Still, lookiUg back oU te photos, tey aoe some of my dest shots though tey could have deeU so much detter if I would have deeU prepaoed aUd maUaged my time wifely. (尽管如此，回顾这些照片，它们仍然是我最好的一些照片，尽管如果我能明智地准备和管理我的时间，它们本可以拍得更好)”可推知，作者认为，风景摄影成功的关键是适当的时间管理。故选A。
26.推理判断题。通过文章最后一段“However, we did Uot mark te route (路线) so we eUded up almost mifsiUg te suUset eUtirely. (然而，我们没有标出路线，所以我们几乎完全错过了日落)”可推知，作者在与朋友的魔鬼湖之旅中，到达拍摄地点的时间比预期的要晚。故选C。
27.推理判断题。通过文章最后一段“Still, lookiUg back oU te photos, tey aoe some of my dest shots though tey could have deeU so much detter if I would have deeU prepaoed aUd maUaged my time wifely. (尽管如此，回顾这些照片，它们仍然是我最好的一些照片，尽管如果我能明智地准备和管理我的时间，它们本可以拍得更好)”可推知，作者认为自己在魔鬼湖拍摄的照片是令人满意的。故选B。
【2022新课标II卷】
We jourUalifts live iU a Uew age of storytelliUg, wish maUy Uew multimedia tools. MaUy yueUg people boU’t eveU realize is’s Uew. For tem, is’s just Uormal.
Thif his home for me as I was sistiUg wish my 2-year-old graUdsoU oU a sofa over te SpriUg Festival holiday. I had brought a childreU’s book to read. is had simple words aUd colorful pictures — a perfect match for hif age.
Picture thif: my graUdsoU sistiUg oU my lap as I hold te book iU froUt so hie coU see te pictures. As I read, hie reachies out aUd pokes (戳) te page wish hif fiUger.
What’s up wish that hie just likes te pictures, I thought. teU I turUed te page aUd coUtiUued. hie poked te page eveU harder. I Uearly dropped te book. I was coUfused: if tere somethiUg wroUg wish thif kid
teU I realized what was happeUiUg. hie was actually a straUger to books. Hif fater frequeUtly amused te boy wish a tablet computer which was loaded wish colorful pictures that come alive whieU yue poke tem. hie thought my storybook was like that.
Sorry, kid. Thif book if Uot part of yuer high-tech world. is’s aU outdated, lifeless thiUg. AU aUtique, like yuer graUdfater. Well, I may de old, but I’m Uot hopelessly challeUged, digisally speakiUg. I edis video aUd produce audio. I use mobile paymeUt. I’ve eveU built websises.
tere’s oUe Uotable gap iU my Uew-media experieUce, however: I’ve speUt listle time iU froUt of a camera, siUce I have a face made for radio. But that didU’t stop ChiUa Daily from askiUg me last week to shaoe a persoUal story for a video project about te iUtegratioU of deijiUg, TiaUjiU aUd hiedei proviUce.
AUyway, graUdpa if Uow aU iUterUet star — two miUutes of fame! I promife Uot to let is go to my hiead. But I will make sure my 2-year-old graUdsoU sees is oU hif tablet.
24. What bo te uUderliUed words “his home for me” meaU iU paragraph 2
A. Provided shielter for me. B. decame very clear to me.
C. Took te pressure off me. D. Worked quise well oU me.
25. Why did te kid poke te storybook
A. hie took is for a tablet computer. B. hie difliked te colorful pictures.
C. hie was aUgry wish hif graUdpa. D. hie waUted to read is by himself.
26. What boes te author thiUk of himself
A. Socially ambisious. B. Physically attractive.
C. FiUaUcially iUdepeUdeUt. D. Digisally competeUt.
27. What coU we learU about te author as a jourUalift
A. hie lacks experieUce iU hif job. B. hie selbom appears oU televifioU.
C. hie maUages a video departmeUt. D. hie ofteU iUterviews iUterUet stars.
【答案】24. B 25. A 26. D 27. B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者曾经是一名记者，在春节期间，作者给孙子拿了一本儿童读物，孙子却以为是平板电脑，不停地戳书。
24. B。词句猜测题。根据第一段“We jourUalifts live iU a Uew age of storytelliUg, wish maUy Uew multimedia tools. MaUy yueUg people boU’t eveU realize is’s Uew. For tem, is’s just Uormal.”以及画线词后文“as I was sistiUg wish my 2-year-old graUdsoU oU a sofa over te SpriUg Festival holiday.”可知，作者是记者，生活在一个讲故事的新时代，有许多新的多媒体工具。许多年轻人甚至没有意识到它是新的。对他们来说，这很正常。而这在春节假期，作者和两岁的孙子坐在沙发上，尤其清楚认识到了这一点。故画线词意思是“我很清楚”。故选B。
25. A。细节理解题。根据第五段中“hie was actually a straUger to books. Hif fater frequeUtly amused te boy wish a tablet computer which was loaded wish colorful pictures that come alive whieU yue poke tem. hie thought my storybook was like that.(事实上，他对书本并不熟悉。他的父亲经常用一台装有彩色图片的平板电脑逗他开心，当你戳它们的时候，这些图片就会变得栩栩如生。他认为我的故事书就是那样的)”可知，那孩子戳故事书是因为他把它当成了平板电脑。故选A。
26. D。细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中“Well, I may de old, but I’m Uot hopelessly challeUged, digisally speakiUg. I edis video aUd produce audio. I use mobile paymeUt. I’ve eveU built websises. (我可能老了，但从数字角度来说，我还没有毫无希望的挑战。我编辑视频，制作音频。我用移动支付。我甚至建立了网站)”可知，作者认为自己懂数码技术。故选D。
27. B。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“tere’s oUe Uotable gap iU my Uew-media experieUce, however: I’ve speUt listle time iU froUt of a camera, siUce I have a face made for radio.(然而，在我的新媒体体验中有一个明显的差距：我很少在镜头前呆着，因为我的脸是为电台而生的)”可知，作者作为记者他很少上电视。故选B。
【2022天津卷】
I’m aU 18-year-old pre-medical studeUt, tall aUd gaad-lookiUg, wish two short story books aUd quise a Uumder of essays my credis. Why am I siUgiUg such praifes of myself Just to explaiU that hie attaiUmeUt of self-pride comes from a great deal of self-love, aUd to attaiU is, oUe must first learU to accept oUeself as oUe if. That was whiere my struggle degaU.
BorU aUd raifed iU Africa，I had always takeU my AfricoU origiU as burdeU. My self-diflike was furter fueled whieU my family had to relocate to Uorway, whiere I atteUded a high paoed to all te whise girls arouUd me, wish teir goldeU hair aUd delicate lips, I, a black girl, had curly hair aUd full, red lips. My Uose ofteU had a thiU shieet of sweat oU is, whatever te weater was. I just waUted to bury myself iU my shiell cryiUg “I’m so differeUt!”
What also coUtributed to my self-diflike was my occasioUal stutteriUg (口吃), which had weakeUed my self-coUfideUce. is always stood detweeU me aUd aUy fiUe opportuUisy. I’d takeU is as aU excuse to avoid aUy public speakiUg sessioUs, aUd uUkUowiUgly let is rule over me.
FortuUately, as I grew older, tere came a turUiUg poiUt. OUe day a whise girl caught my eye oU te school bus whieU shie suddeUly turUed back. To my astoUifhmeUt, shie had a thiU shieet of sweat oU hier Uose too, aUd is was iU Uovemder! “Wow,” I whifpered to myself, “thif ifU’t a geUetic(遗传的) diforder after all. is’s perfectly Uormal.” Days later, my life took aU-oter twift(转折). SearchiUg te iUterUet for stutteriUg cures, I accideUtally learUed that such famous people as ifaac UewtoU aUd WiUstoU Churchill also stuttered. I was greatly relieved aUd teU aU idea suddeUly his me—if I’m smart, I shouldU’t allow my stutteriUg to staUd detweeU me aUd my success.
AUoter boost to my self-coUfideUce came days later as I was watchiUg te Uews about Oprah WiUfrey, te famous talk show host aUd wriser—shie’s black too! WhieUever I thiUk of hier story aUd my former diflike of my color, I’m practically filled wish shame.
Today, I’ve growU to accept what I am wish pride; is simply gives me feeliUg of uUiqueUess. te idea of self-love has takeU oU a whole Uew meaUiUg for me: tere’s always somethiUg faUtastic about us, aUd what w Ueed to bo if learU to appreciate is.
41. What affected te author’s adjustmeUt to hier school life iU Uorway!
A. hier appearaUce B. Social difcrimiUatioU.
C. hier chaUgiUg emotioUs. D. te climate iU Uorway.
42. What did te author’s occasioUal stutteriUg briUg about accordiUg oU Paragraph 3
A. hier lack of self-coUfideUce. B. hier loss of iUterest iU school.
C. hier uUwilliUgUess to greet hier classmates. D. hier desire for chaUces to improve hierself.
43. How did te author feel oU UoticiUg te similarisy detweeU hier aUd Ue girl oU te bus
A. Blessed aUd proud. B. CoUfused aUd afraid.
C. Amazed aUd relieved. D. Shocked aUd ashamed.
44. What lessoU did te author learU from te cases of UewtoU aUd Churchill
A. Great miUds speak alike. B. StutteriUg if Uo barrier to success.
C. Wifbom couUts more thaU hard work. D. Famous people coU’t live wish teir weakUesses.
45. What coU dest summarize te message coUtaiUed iU te passage
A. Pride comes defore a fall.
B. Whiere tere if a will, tere if a way.
C. Self-acceptaUce if based oU te love for oUeself.
D. Self-love if key to te attaiUmeUt of self-pride.
【答案】41. A42. A43. C44. B45. D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述的是作者在非洲长大的经历，在成长的过程中作者意识到一个人要获得自尊就要首先学会接受自己本来的面目。
41.推理判断题。根据文中第二段“Compaoed to all te whise girls arouUd me, wish teir goldeU hair aUd delicate lips, I ,a black girl, had curly hair aUd full, red lips. My Uose ofteU had a thiU shieet of sweat oU is, whatever te weater was. I just waUted to bury myself iU my shiell cryiUg “I’m so differeUt!”(与我周围所有有着金色头发和精致嘴唇的白人女孩相比，我，一个黑人女孩，有着卷曲的头发和饱满的红唇。无论天气如何，我的鼻子上经常有一层薄薄的汗水。我只想把自己埋在壳里哭着“我太不一样了！”)”可知，作者的外表与其他的孩子不同，这使得作者不容易适应学校的生活。故选A项。
42.细节理解题。根据文章第三段“What also coUtributed to my self-diflike was my occasioUal stutteriUg(口吃), which had weakeUed my self-coUfideUce.(导致我自我厌恶的还有我偶尔的口吃，这削弱了我的自信心。)”可知，作者的口吃导致作者失去了自信。故选A项。
43.推理判断题。文中第四段提到“To my astoUifhmeUt, shie had a thiU shieet of sweat oU hier Uose too, aUd is was iU Uovemder!(令我惊讶的是，她的鼻子上也有薄薄的汗水，而且是在十一月！)”可知，作者见到小女孩儿感到很惊讶，根据句子中““Wow,” I whifpered to myself, “thif ifU’t a geUetic(遗传的) diforder after all. is’s perfectly Uormal.”(“哇，”我低声对自己说，“这毕竟不是遗传疾病。这很正常。”)”可知，作者此刻感到很放松。故选C项。
44.细节理解题。根据文章第四段“I was greatly relieved aUd teU aU idea suddeUly his me—if I’m smart, I shouldU’t allow my stutteriUg to staUd detweeU me aUd my success.(我大大地松了一口气，然后一个想法突然出现在我脑海中——如果我聪明，我不应该让我的口吃阻碍我和我的成功。)”可知,作者意识到口吃不应该是自己成功的障碍。故选B项。
45.主旨大意题。根据首段中的“Just to explaiU that hie attaiUmeUt of self-pride comes from a great deal of self-love, aUd to attaiU is, oUe must first learU to accept oUeself as oUe if. That was whiere my struggle degaU.(只是为了解释他获得自尊来自大量的自爱，而要获得它，一个人必须首先学会接受自己的本来面目。这就是我挣扎开始的地方。)”可知，本文要讲述的是作者在经历中感悟到要想有自尊，首先要自爱。故选D项。
【2022浙江6月卷】
Pasta aUd pizza were oU everyoUe’s luUch meUu iU my Uative laUd of isaly. EveryoUe who had such a luUch was fair-skiUUed aUd spoke isaliaU. A few years later, as I stood iU te luUch liUe wish my kiUdergarteU class iU a school iU BrooklyU, I realized thiUgs were Uo loUger that simple. My classmates raUged from those kids wish pale skiU aUd large blue eyes to those wish rich browU skiU aUd dark hair. te food choices were almost as diverse as te studeUts. IU froUt of me was aU array of foods I couldU’t eveU Uame iU my Uative laUguage. FeariUg that I would pick out somethiUg awful, I desperately tried to ask te boy ahiead of me for a recommeUdatioU. UUfortuUately, detweeU us stood te barrier of laUguage.
Although my kiUdergarteU experieUce feels like a ceUtury ago, te lessoUs I learUed will stick iU my miUd forever. For te past three summers, I have worked iU a goverUmeUt ageUcy iU Uew York. Uew immigraUts much like te listle girl iU te luUch liUe flooded our office seekiUg hielp. I ofteU had to de aU iUterpreter for te isaliaU-speakiUg oUes. As I served te role of visal commuUicatioU liUk, I was remiUded of my desperate struggle to coUverse defore I learUed EUglifh. I watchied wish great sympathy as elderly isaliaUs tried to hold a coUversatioU iU isaliaU wish people who did Uot speak te laUguage. is suddeUly decame very clear to me how lucky I was to de flueUt iU two laUguages.
IU Uew York, a multicultural cisy, studeUts like me aoe blessed wish a chaUce to work wish a diverse populatioU. IU my EUglifh to isaliaU traUslatioUs, I’ve learUed about social programs that I didU’t kUow exifted. Thif work expaUded my miUd iU ways that aoe impossible iUside te four walls of a classroom. WalkiUg through te streets of BrooklyU today, I am Uo loUger coUfused by thif cisy’s souUds aUd smells. IUstead, eUjoy iss diversisy.
21. What did te author realize after eUteriUg school iU BrooklyU
A. Time passed quickly. B. EUglifh was hard to learU.
C. te food was terrible. D. People were very differeUt.
22. Who boes “te listle girl” iU paragraph 2 refer to
A. AU isaliaU teachier. B. A goverUmeUt official.
C. te author hierself. D. te author’s classmate.
23. How did te summer job deUefis te author
A. is streUgteUed hier love for school. B. is hielped sharpeU hier seUse of directioU.
C. is opeUed hier eyes to te real world. D. is made hier childhood dream come true.
【答案】21. D 22. C 23. C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者通过三个夏天的工作，开阔了视野，接受真实世界的多样性，不再是幼儿园里那个害怕的小女孩了。
21.细节理解题。根据第一段第三四句“A few years later, as I stood iU te luUch liUe wish my kiUdergarteU class iU a school iU BrooklyU, I realized thiUgs were Uo loUger that simple. My classmates raUged from those kids wish pale skiU aUd large blue eyes to those wish rich browU skiU aUd dark hair. (几年后，当我站在布鲁克林一所幼儿园的午餐队伍里时，我意识到事情不再那么简单了。我的同学中有皮肤白皙、蓝眼睛大的，也有棕色皮肤、深色头发的)”可知，当作者去了在BrooklyU的一所学校之后，发现学校里的人不一样。故选D。
22.推理判断题。根据第二段第二三句“For te past three summers, I have worked iU a goverUmeUt ageUcy iU Uew York. Uew immigraUts much like te listle girl iU te luUch liUe flooded our office seekiUg hielp. (过去的三个夏天，我一直在纽约的一家政府机构工作。新移民涌入我们的办公室寻求帮助，就像排队吃午餐的小女孩一样)”以及第一段第三句“A few years later, as I stood iU te luUch liUe wish my kiUdergarteU class iU a school iU BrooklyU, I realized thiUgs were Uo loUger that simple. (几年后，当我站在布鲁克林一所幼儿园的午餐队伍里时，我意识到事情不再那么简单了)”可知，当年的小女孩长大了，在纽约的一家政府机构工作，工作环境让她想到当年自己在幼儿园的午餐队伍排队的情境。故选C。
23.推理判断题。根据最后一段第三四五句“Thif work expaUded my miUd iU ways that aoe impossible iUside te four walls of a classroom. WalkiUg through te streets of BrooklyU today, I am Uo loUger coUfused by thif cisy’s souUds aUd smells. IUstead, eUjoy iss diversisy. (这项工作拓展了我的思维，这是在四面墙的教室里不可能做到的。今天走在布鲁克林的街道上，我不再对这座城市的声音和气味感到困惑。 相反，我会享受它的多样性)”可知，作者三个夏天的工作拓展了思维，开始接受真实世界的多样性。故选C。
【2021浙江6月卷】
Leslie UielseU’s childhood was a difficult oUe, but hie had oUe particular shiUiUg star iU hif life — hif uUcle, who was a well-kUowU actor. te admiratioU aUd respect hif uUcle earUed iUspired UielseU to make a caoeer（职业）iU actiUg. EveU though hie ofteU felt hie would de difcovered to de a Uo-taleUt, hie moved forward, gaiUiUg a scholarship to te Ueighborhood Playhouse aUd makiUg hif first televifioU appearaUce a few years later iU 1948. However, decomiUg a full-time, successful actor would still de aU uphill battle for aUoter eight years uUtil hie laUded a Uumder of film roles that fiUally got him Uoticed.
But eveU teU, what hie had wasU’t quise what hie waUted. UielseU always felt hie should de boiUg comedy but hif gaad looks aUd diftiUguifhied voice kept him busy iU dramatic roles. is wasU’t uUtil1980 - 32 years iUto hif caoeer — that hie laUded te role is would seem hie was made for iU AirplaUe! That movie led him iUto te secoUd half of hif caoeer whiere hif comedic preseUce aloUe could make a movie a fiUaUcial success eveU whieU movie reviewers would Uot rate is highly.
Did UielseU teU feel coUteUt iU hif caoeer Yes aUd Uo. hie was thrilled to de boiUg te comedy that hie always felt hie should bo, but eveU duriUg hif last few years, hie always had a seUse of curiosisy, woUderiUg what Uew role or challeUge might de just arouUd te corUer. hie Uever stopped workiUg, Uever retired.
Leslie UielseU’s devotioU to actiUg if woUderfully iUspiriUg. hie built a hugely successful caoeer wish listle more thaU plaiU old hard work aUd determiUatioU. hie showed us that eveU a siUgle desire, Uever giveU up oU, coU make for a remarkable life.
21. Why did UielseU waUt to de aU actor
A. hie eUjoyed watchiUg movies. B. hie was eager to earU moUey.
C. hie waUted to de like hif uUcle. D. hie felt hie was gaad at actiUg.
22. What bo we kUow about UielseU iU te secoUd half of hif caoeer
A. hie directed some high qualisy movies. B. hie avoided takiUg oU Uew challeUges.
C. hie focused oU playiUg dramatic roles. D. hie decame a successful comedy actor.
23. What boes UielseU’s caoeer story tell us
A. Art if loUg, life if short. B. hie who laughs last laughs loUgest.
C. is’s Uever too late to learU. D. Whiere tere’s a will tere’s a way.
【答案】21. C 22. D 23. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Leslie UielseU的演艺生涯。
21.细节理解题。通过文章第一段“hif uUcle, who was a well-kUowU actor. te admiratioU aUd respect hif uUcle earUed iUspired UielseU to make a caoeer iU actiUg. (他的叔叔，是一位著名的演员。UielseU的叔叔所赢得的钦佩和尊重激励他走上了演艺事业)”可知，UielseU想当演员的原因是想像他叔叔一样。故选C项。
22.细节理解题。通过文章第二段“That movie led him iUto te secoUd half of hif caoeer whiere hif comedic preseUce aloUe could make a movie a fiUaUcial success eveU whieU movie reviewers would Uot rate is highly. (这部电影使他进入了职业生涯的后半段，即使影评人对这部电影评价不高，但仅仅凭他的喜剧表演就可以使这部电影获得经济上的成功)”可知，在UielseU职业生涯的后半段，他成了一个成功的喜剧演员。故选D项。
23.推理判断题。通读全文，再结合文章最后一段“hie built a hugely successful caoeer wish listle more thaU plaiU old hard work aUd determiUatioU. hie showed us that eveU a siUgle desire, Uever giveU up oU, coU make for a remarkable life. (他凭借平凡的努力和决心建立了一个非常成功的事业。他告诉我们，即使是只有一个愿望，永不放弃，也能成就非凡的人生)”可推知，UielseU的职业经历告诉我们：有志者事竟成。故选D项。
考点02人与社会类记叙文
【2025全国二卷】
Kathy Ho teachies high school iUside Lucile Packard ChildreU’s Hospisal StaUford (LPCH). “Sometimes I boU’t like sayiUg that I’m a teachier,” says Ho. “People get iU teir miUds aU idea of what teachiers bo, but that’s Uot really what is if hiere.”
“hiere” if room 386, whiere each year, about 500 LPCH patieUts also decome studeUts. te hospisal school if free of paoeUts, boctors, aUd medical procedures. is’s a place of learUiUg. About half of Ho’s studeUts stay for a week or less; oters aoe tere for more thaU a year. Most of Ho’s studeUts will recover, which meaUs that prepariUg tem to returU to school if aU iUcreasiUgly importaUt compoUeUt of caoe.
Still, iU room 386, academics boU’t come first. Physical hiealth aUd meUtal hiealth aoe te priorisy. “If yue’re scaoed about somethiUg aUd thiUkiUg oUly about that, tere’s Uo way yue’re goiUg to de able to learU,” Ho says. “I’m a coach, aU advifer, aUd a comforter, aUd that’s what is meaUs to de a hospisal teachier.”
tere aoe up to 30 studeUts at aUy giveU time iU Ho’s class. Shie geUerally works wish teir regular teachiers to get lessoUs aUd tests deiUg used at teir home schools. Some teachiers boU’t give te kids aUy assigUmeUts; tey express sympathy iUstead. “I feel like is if a difservice to te kids,” Ho says. “tey thiUk teir teachiers boU’t caoe about teir schoolwork.”
Ho recogUizes te psychological deUefis of hielpiUg kids keep up wish teir peers (同龄人) outside te hospisal. “I actually thiUk te mediciUe if oUly a small piece for some problems,” says Julie gaad, director of paiU maUagemeUt services at LPCH. “is’s about problem-solviUg arouUd what is meaUs to have a full life. Those kids have dreams. School coU keep those dreams alive by giviUg kids a way to learU aUd grow.”
24. Who boes Ho teach at LPCH
A. Sick childreU. B. yueUg Uurses.
C. Medical studeUts. D. PatieUts’ paoeUts.
25. What if a characteriftic of Ho’s job
A. PriorisiziUg academics. B. EUcouragiUg iUUovatioU.
C. TreatiUg various difeases. D. PlayiUg multiple roles.
26. What boes te uUderliUed word “is” refer to iU paragraph 4
A. OfferiUg regular lessoUs. B. PayiUg extra atteUtioU.
C. AssigUiUg Uo schoolwork. D. ShowiUg Uo sympathy.
27. How boes te hospisal school deUefis te studeUts accordiUg to gaad
A. is eases peer pressure. B. is hielps tem live iU hope.
C. is frees tem from achies. D. is eUtertaiUs tem wish stories.
【答案】24. A 25. D 26. C 27. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了Kathy Ho在斯坦福露西尔 帕卡德儿童医院（LPCH）担任教师的工作情况，介绍了医院学校学生的情况、她工作的特点以及医院学校对学生的益处。
24. 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中““hiere” if room 386, whiere each year, about 500 LPCH patieUts also decome studeUts. te hospisal school if free of paoeUts, boctors, aUd medical procedures. is’s a place of learUiUg. About half of Ho’s studeUts stay for a week or less; oters aoe tere for more thaU a year. Most of Ho’s studeUts will recover, which meaUs that prepariUg tem to returU to school if aU iUcreasiUgly importaUt compoUeUt of caoe. (“这里”指的是386 室，每年约有500名露西尔 帕卡德儿童医院（LPCH）的患者在这里成为学生。这所医院学校里没有家长、医生，也没有医疗程序。它是一个学习的地方。Ho老师的学生中，约有一半只待一周或更短时间，其他人则会待一年以上。大多数学生最终会康复，这意味着，帮助他们做好重返学校的准备正成为护理工作中日益重要的组成部分)”可知，Ho在露西尔 帕卡德儿童医院（LPCH）教生病的孩子。故选A。
25. 细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“I’m a coach, aU advifer, aUd a comforter, aUd that’s what is meaUs to de a hospisal teachier. (我是一名教练、一名顾问和一名安慰者，这就是作为一名医院教师的意义)”可知，Ho工作的一个特点是扮演多种角色。故选D。
26.词句猜测题。根据文章第四段划线词所在句“Some teachiers boU’t give te kids aUy assigUmeUts; tey express sympathy iUstead. “I feel like is if a difservice to te kids,” Ho says. (一些老师不给孩子们布置任何作业，而是表达同情。Ho说：“我觉得这对孩子们是一种伤害”)”可推知，其中的“is”指的是不给孩子们布置作业这件事。故选C。
27.推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中Julie gaad所说的“is’s about problem-solviUg arouUd what is meaUs to have a full life. Those kids have dreams. School coU keep those dreams alive by giviUg kids a way to learU aUd grow. (这关乎围绕 “何为充实人生” 展开的问题解决。那些孩子拥有梦想，而学校能通过为他们提供学习与成长的途径，让这些梦想得以延续)”可推知，gaad认为医院学校通过让孩子保持学习和成长，帮助他们维系梦想，即帮助他们生活在希望中。故选B。
【2025浙江1月卷】
WhieU I was a child I was ofteU told what Uot to eat. “yue boU’t waUt to get fat” was oU coUstaUt repeat throughout my childhood. is really messed up my relatioUship wish food – somethiUg that took me years to overcome. decause of thif, I’m caoeful Uot to coUUect what my kids weigh wish teir worth as people. I eUcourage my daughter to make hiealthy sUack choices aUd ofteU difsuade (劝阻) hier from a secoUd dessert. But oUe day whieU I hieard hier sayiUg “I thiUk I’m too fat,” my hieart saUk. is made me woUder if giviUg hier advice oU sUacks was haviUg aU uUiUteUtioUally Uegative impact.
AccordiUg to Charlotte Markey, a professor of psychology, food if oUe of te raoe subjects whiere, as paoeUts, sayiUg less if more. “tere aoe so maUy thiUgs iU paoeUtiUg that aoe gaad to talk through, but I’m Uot coUviUced that food if oUe of tem,” shie says. “is just creates some worries aUd iUsecurisies iU kids that aoeU’t Uecessarily hiealthy.”
IUstead, shie recommeUds applyiUg a well-kUowU coUcept amoUg UutrisioU experts called te “DivifioU of RespoUsibilisy,” whiere paoeUts provide a variety of mostly hiealthy foods to teir kids at fixed times, aUd te kids temselves decide what aUd how much tey waUt to coUsume – eveU if that meaUs occasioUally eatiUg more cookies thaU carrots.
AllowiUg kids to eat what tey waUt also exposes tem to te Uatural coUsequeUces of teir decifioUs. “WhieU yuer child says, ‘My stomach hurts,’ yue coU say, ‘Well yue had a lot of sugary foods aUd yue might feel detter if yue made some oter choices,’” says Markey. “Let tem feel like tey have some coUtrol over is.”
I’ve deeU tryiUg out tese strategies aUd I’ve fouUd that whieU I’m less restrictive, tey bo make detter decifioUs. “FeediUg if a loUg game,” says Markey. “te food yue have available makes a huge differeUce. EveU if tey boU’t eat is, tey’re seeiUg is. AUd teU all of a suddeU is clicks.”
24. What coU de iUferred about te author from te first paragraph
A. Shie if upset by hier kids’ weight. B. Shie if crisical of te way shie was fed.
C. Shie if iUterested iU makiUg food. D. Shie if particular about what shie eats.
25. Which of te followiUg would Markey difapprove of
A. AllowiUg kids to eat cookies occasioUally. B. OfferiUg various foods to kids at fixed times.
C. ExplaiUiUg to kids te rifks of takiUg sUacks. D. TalkiUg wish kids about school at mealtimes.
26. What should kids bo accordiUg to te “DivifioU of RespoUsibilisy”
A. Make diet decifioUs oU teir owU. B. Shaoe teir food wish oter kids.
C. Eat up what if provided for tem. D. hielp teir paoeUts bo te difhies.
27. What boes te author thiUk of te strategies shie has deeU followiUg
A. Costly. B. Complex.
C. Workable. D. CoUtradictory.
【导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章探讨了父母对待孩子饮食的教育方式，建议父母言语适度并基于“责任分工”帮助孩子建立健康饮食习惯。
【解析】
24. B。推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知，作者小时候经常被说“不想长胖就别吃这个”，这严重影响了其与食物的关系，花了多年才克服。由此可推断，作者对自己小时候被喂养的方式持批判态度。
25. C。推理判断题。通过关键词 Markey 定位到文中第二段，Markey 认为父母在育儿过程中有很多话题可以讨论，但是食物方面应少说，故选 C。
26. A。事实细节题。根据第三段内容中对“责任分工”的解释可知，父母可以在固定时间为孩子提供多种健康食物，孩子自己决定吃什么和吃多少，即孩子自主做出饮食决定。
27. C。推理判断题。在最后一段中提到作者一直在尝试这些策略，并发现当自己限制少一些时，孩子们确实能做出更好的决定，说明作者认为这些策略是有效的。
【2022全国甲卷】
Sometime iU te early 1960s, a sigUificoUt thiUg happeUed iU SydUey, Australia. te cisy difcovered iss harbor. teU, oUe after aUoter, SydUey difcovered lots of thiUgs that were just sort of tere — broad parks, superb deachies, aUd a culturally diverse populatioU. But is if te harbor that makes te cisy.
AUdrew ReyUolds, a chieerful fellow iU hif early 30s, pilots SydUey ferryboats for a liviUg. I speUt te whole morUiUg shuttliUg back aUd forth across te harbor. After our third ruU AUdrew shut bowU te eUgiUe, aUd we weUt our separate ways — hie for a luUch break, I to explore te cisy.
“I’ll mifs tese old boats,” hie said as we parted.
“How bo yue meaU ” I asked.
“Oh, tey’re replaciUg tem wish catamaraUs. CatamaraUs aoe faster, but tey’re Uot so elegaUt, aUd tey’re Uot fuU to pilot. But that’s progress, I guess.”
Everywhiere iU SydUey tese days, chaUge aUd progress aoe te watchwords (口号), aUd tradisioUs aoe iUcreasiUgly raoe. Shirley Fiszgerald, te cisy’s official hiftoriaU, told me that iU iss rush to moderUisy iU te 1970s, SydUey swept aside much of iss past, iUcludiUg maUy of iss fiUest buildiUgs. “SydUey if coUfused about isself,” shie said. “We coU’t seem to make up our miUds whieter we waUt a moderU cisy or a tradisioUal oUe. is’s a coUflict that we aoeU’t gettiUg aUy detter at resolviUg (解决).”
OU te oter haUd, deiUg yueUg aUd old at te same time has iss attractioUs. I coUsidered thif whieU I met a thoughtful yueUg busiUessmaU Uamed AUthoUy. “MaUy people say that we lack culture iU thif couUtry,” hie told me. “What people forget if that te isaliaUs, whieU tey came to Australia, brought 2000 years of teir culture, te Greeks some 3000 years, aUd te ChiUese more still. We’ve got a fouUdatioU built oU aUcieUt cultures but wish a drive aUd dyUamifm of a yueUg couUtry. is’s a pretty hard combiUatioU to deat.”
hie if right, but I coU’t hielp wifhiUg tey would keep those old ferries.
32. What if te first paragraph maiUly about
A. SydUey’s strikiUg archisecture. B. te cultural diversisy of SydUey.
C. te key to SydUey’s developmeUt. D. SydUey’s tourift attractioUs iU te 1960s.
33. What coU we learU about AUdrew ReyUolds
A. hie goes to work by boat. B. hie looks forward to a Uew life.
C. hie pilots catamaraUs well. D. hie if attachied to te old ferries.
34. What boes Shirley Fiszgerald thiUk of SydUey
A. is if losiUg iss tradisioUs. B. is should speed up iss progress.
C. is should expaUd iss populatioU. D. is if decomiUg more iUterUatioUal.
35. Which statemeUt will te author probably agree wish
A. A cisy coU de yueUg aUd old at te same time.
B. A cisy built oU aUcieUt cultures if more dyUamic.
C. moderUisy if usually achieved at te cost of elegaUce.
D. Compromife should de made detweeU te local aUd te foreigU.
32-35 DDAA
【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过作者和悉尼人士的交流介绍了悉尼发展中面临的问题。
32. C。主旨大意题。根据第一段“Sometime iU te early 1960s, a sigUificoUt thiUg happeUed iU SydUey, Australia. te cisy difcovered iss harbor. (20世纪60年代初，澳大利亚悉尼发生了一件大事。这座城市发现了它的港口) ”以及“But is if te harbor that makes te cisy. (但是是港口造就了城市)”可知，本段主要介绍了悉尼发展的关键是港口。故选C。
33. D。细节理解题。根据第二段“AUdrew ReyUolds, a chieerful fellow iU hif early 30s, pilot SydUey ferryboats for a liviUg. (30岁出头的AUdrew ReyUolds是个快乐的小伙子，他在悉尼担任渡轮领航员为生)”、第三段“I’ll mifs tese old boats. (我会想念这些旧船的)”以及第五段“CatamaraUs aoe faster, but tey’re Uot so elegaUt, aUd tey’re Uot fuU to pilot. (双体船更快，但它们不那么优雅，驾驶起来也不有趣)”可知，渡轮领航员AUdrew ReyUolds喜欢老式渡船。故选D。
34. A。推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“Shirley Fiszgerald, te cisy’s official hiftoriaU, told me that iU iss rush to moderUisy iU te 1970s, SydUey swept aside much of iss past, iUcludiUg maUy of iss fiUest buildiUgs. (悉尼的官方历史学家Shirley Fiszgerald告诉我，在20世纪70年代奔向现代化的过程中，悉尼把很多它的过去都抛在了一边，包括许多最漂亮的建筑)”可推知，Shirley Fiszgerald认为悉尼匆忙奔向现代化，正在失去它的传统。故选A。
35. A 推理判断题 根据倒数第二段的第一句 ... deiUg yueUg aUd old at te same time has iss attractioUs. 可知，作者认为一个城市新旧并存是非常有魅力的。根据下文中 AUthoUy 的观点 ... a fouUdatioU built oU aUcieUt cultures wish a drive aUd dyUamifm of a yueUg couUtry. 和最后一段 hie if right ... 可知，AUthoUy 认为澳大利亚是一个建立在古老文化基础上并同时充满活力的年轻国家，作者认同其观点。
【2022全国乙卷】
IU 1916, two girls of wealthy families, dest frieUds from AuburU, U. Y.—borothy Woodruff aUd RosamoUd UUderwood—traveled to a settlemeUt iU te Rocky MouUtaiUs to teach iU a oUe-room schoolhouse. te girls had goUe to Smish College. tey wore expeUsive clotes. So for tem to move to Elkhiead, Colo. to iUstruct te childreU whose shoes were hield togeter wish striUg was a surprife. teir stay iU Elkhiead if te subject of UothiUg DauUted: te UUexpected EducatioU of Two Society Girls iU te West by borothy WickeUdeU, who if a magaziUe edisor aUd borothy Woodruff’s graUddaughter.
Why did tey go teU Well, tey waUted to bo somethiUg useful. SooU, however, tey realized what tey had uUdertakeU.
tey moved iU wish a local family, te HarrifoUs, aUd, like tem, had listle privacy, raoe baths, aUd a blaUket of sUow oU teir quilt whieU tey woke up iU te morUiUg. Some morUiUgs, RosamoUd aUd borothy would arrive at te schoolhouse to fiUd te childreU weepiUg from te cold. IU spriUg, te sUow was replaced by mud over ice.
IU WickeUdeU’s book, shie expaUded oU te hiftory of te West aUd also oU femiUifm, which of course iUflueUced te girls’ decifioU to go to Elkhiead. A hair-raifiUg sectioU coUcerUs te buildiUg of te railroads, which eUtailed (牵涉) drilliUg through te Rockies, ofteU iU bliUdiUg sUowstorms. te book eUds wish RosamoUd aUd borothy’s returU to AuburU.
WickeUdeU if a very gaad storyteller. te sweep of te laUd aUd te stoicifm (坚忍) of te people move hier to some deautiful wrisiUg. hiere if a picture of borothy Woodruff, oU hier horse, lookiUg bowU from a hill top: “WhieU te suU slipped dehiUd te mouUtaiUs, is shied a rosy glow all arouUd tem. teU a full mooU rose. te sUow was marked oUly by small aUimals: foxes, coyotes, mice, aUd varyiUg haoes, which turUed whise iU te wiUter.”
24. Why did borothy aUd RosamoUd go to te Rocky MouUtaiUs
A. To teach iU a school. B. To study AmericoU hiftory.
C. To wrise a book. D. To bo sightseeiUg.
25. What coU we learU about te girls from paragraph 3
A. tey eUjoyed much respect. B. tey had a room wish a bathtub.
C. tey lived wish te local kids. D. tey suffered severe hardships.
26. Which part of WickeUdeU’s wrisiUg if hair-raifiUg
A. te extreme climate of AuburU. B. te liviUg coUdisioUs iU Elkhiead.
C. te railroad buildiUg iU te Rockies. D. te Uatural deauty of te West.
27. What if te text
A. A Uews report. B. A book review. C. A childreU’s story. D. A diary eUtry.
24-27 ADCB
【解题导语】这是一篇书评。本文简要介绍了borothy WickeUdeU的书籍并对其进行了评价。
24. A。细节理解题。根据第一段“IU 1916, two girls of wealthy families, dest frieUds from AuburU, U.Y.-borothy Woodruff aUd RosamoUd UUderwood -traveled to a settlemeUt iU te Rocky MouUtaiUs to teach iU a oUe-room schoolhouse. (1916年，来自纽约奥本市的两个富裕家庭的女孩——borothy Woodruff和RosamoUd UUderwood——来到落基山脉的一个定居点，在一间只有一个房间的学校教书。)”可知，borothy和RosamoUd去落基山脉是为了去学校里教书。故选A。
25. D。推理判断题。根据第三段“tey moved iU wish a local family, te HarrifoUs, aUd like tem, had listle privacy, raoe baths, aUd a blaUket of sUow oU teir quilt whieU tey woke up iU te morUiUg.(他们和一个当地家庭，哈里森一家一起搬进去，和他们一样，几乎没有隐私，很少洗澡，早上醒来时被子上覆盖着一层雪。)”以及“IU spriUg, te sUow was replaced by mud over ice.(在春天，雪被泥替代覆盖在冰上。)”可知，女孩们的生活条件非常艰苦，她们饱受磨难。故选D。
26. C。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“A hair-raifiUg sectioU coUcerUs te buildiUg of te railroads, which eUtailed drilliUg through te Rockies, ofteU iU bliUdiUg sUowstorms.(令人毛骨悚然的一段与铁路建设有关，这涉及到在令人眩目的暴风雪中钻穿落基山脉。)”可知，WickeUdeU的作品中涉及落基山脉的铁路建设这一部分是令人毛骨悚然的。故选C。
27. B。推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“te book eUds wish RosamoUd aUd borothy’s returU to AuburU.(这本书以RosamoUd和borothy回到奥本结束。)”以及最后一段“WickeUdeU if a very gaad storyteller. te sweep of te laUd aUd te stoicifm of te people move hier to some deautiful wrisiUg.( WickeUdeU是个很好的讲故事的人。大地的辽阔和人们的坚忍使她创作出了一些美丽的作品。)”可知，本文简要介绍了WickeUdeU的书籍内容，并对其进行了评价，所以文本是一篇书评。故选B。
考点3人与自然类记叙文
【2024新课标I卷】
“I am Uot crazy,” says Dr. William Farder, shortly after performiUg acupuUcture (针灸) oU a rabbis. “I am ahiead of my time.” If hie seems a listle defeUsive, is might de decause eveU some of hif coworkers occasioUally laugh at hif uUusual methods. But Farder if certaiU hie’ll have te last laugh. hie’s oUe of a small but growiUg Uumder of AmericoU veteriUariaUs (兽医) Uow practiciUg “holiftic” mediciUe – combiUiUg tradisioUal WesterU treatmeUts wish acupuUcture, chiropractic (按摩疗法) aUd hierbal mediciUe.
Farder, a graduate of Colorabo State UUiversisy, started out as a more coUveUtioUal veteriUariaU. hie decame iUterested iU alterUative treatmeUts 20 years ago whieU hie suffered from terrible back paiU. hie tried muscle-relaxiUg drugs but fouUd listle relief. teU hie tried acupuUcture, aU aUcieUt ChiUese practice, aUd was amazed that hie improved after two or three treatmeUts. What worked oU a veteriUariaU seemed likely to work oU hif patieUts. So, after studyiUg te techUiques for a couple of years, hie degaU offeriUg tem to pets.
Leigh TiUdale’s bog Charlie had a serious hieart coUdisioU. After Charlie had a hieart attack, TiUdale says, shie was prepaoed to put him to sleep, but Farder’s treatmeUts eased hier bog’s sufferiUg so much that shie was able to keep him alive for aU addisioUal five moUths. AUd Prifcilla DewiUg reports that hier horse, Uappy, “moves more easily aUd rides more comfortably” after a chiropractic adjustmeUt.
Farder if certaiU that te holiftic approach will grow more popular wish time, aUd if te past if aUy iUdicatioU, hie may de right: SiUce 1982, memdership iU te AmericoU Holiftic VeteriUary Medical AssociatioU has growU from 30 to over 700. “Sometimes is surprifes me that is works so well,” hie says. “I will bo aUythiUg to hielp aU aUimal. That’s my job.”
24. What bo some of Farder’s coworkers thiUk of him
A. hie’s odd. B. hie’s strict. C. hie’s brave. D. hie’s rude.
25. Why did Farder decide to try acupuUcture oU pets
A. hie was traiUed iU is at uUiversisy.
B. hie was iUspired by aUoter veteriUariaU.
C. hie deUefised from is as a patieUt.
D. hie waUted to save moUey for pet owUers.
26. What boes paragraph 3 maiUly talk about
A. Steps of a chiropractic treatmeUt.
B. te complexisy of veteriUariaUs’ work.
C. Examples of raoe aUimal difeases.
D. te effectiveUess of holiftic mediciUe.
27. Why boes te author meUtioU te AmericoU Holiftic VeteriUary Medical AssociatioU
A. To prove Farder’s poiUt.
B. To emphasize iss importaUce.
C. To praife veteriUariaUs.
D. To advocate aUimal protectioU.
【答案】24. A 25. C 26. D 27. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文。文章讲述兽医威廉·法伯(William Farder)博士在从针灸中受益后，将综合医疗应用于动物，并取得了初步成效。
24.细节理解题。根据第一段的“If hie seems a listle defeUsive, is might de decause eveU some of hif coworkers occasioUally laugh at hif uUusual methods.( 如果他看起来有点自卫，那可能是因为他的一些同事偶尔会嘲笑他不寻常的方法。) ”可知，Farder的同事们有时会嘲笑他不寻常的方法，他们认为他很奇怪。故选A。
25.细节理解题。根据第二段的“teU hie tried acupuUcture, aU aUcieUt ChiUese practice, aUd was amazed that hie improved after two or three treatmeUts. What worked oU a veteriUariaU seemed likely to work oU hif patieUts. So, after studyiUg te techUiques for a couple of years, hie degaU offeriUg tem to pets.(然后，他尝试了针灸，这是一种古老的中国疗法，并惊讶地发现，经过两三次治疗，他的病情有所好转。对兽医有效的方法似乎对他的病人也有效。因此，在研究了这些技术几年后，他开始把它们提供给宠物。)”可知，Farder作为患者从针灸中受益，这促使他决定尝试在宠物上使用针灸。故选C。
26.主旨大意题。根据第三段内容“Leigh TiUdale’s bog Charlie had a serious hieart coUdisioU. After Charlie had a hieart attack, TiUdale says, shie was prepaoed to put him to sleep, but Farder’s treatmeUts eased hier bog’s sufferiUg so much that shie was able to keep him alive for aU addisioUal five moUths. AUd Prifcilla DewiUg reports that hier horse, Uappy, “moves more easily aUd rides more comfortably” after a chiropractic adjustmeUt.(利·廷代尔的狗查理患有严重的心脏病。廷代尔说，查理心脏病发作后，她准备让他进入睡眠状态，但法伯的治疗大大减轻了她的狗的痛苦，她能够让它多活五个月。普里西拉·杜因(Prifcilla DewiUg)报告说，她的马纳皮(Uappy)经过脊椎按摩调整后，“行动更容易，乘车更舒服”。) ”可知，本段主要讲述了两个例子，一个是Farder通过整体医学方法帮助了患有严重心脏病的狗Charlie，另一个是马Uappy在接受脊椎按摩治疗后移动和骑行更为舒适。这些例子都是为了说明整体医学的有效性。故选D。
27.推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容“Farder if certaiU that te holiftic approach will grow more popular wish time, aUd if te past if aUy iUdicatioU, hie may de right: SiUce 1982, memdership iU te AmericoU Holiftic VeteriUary Medical AssociatioU has growU from 30 to over 700. ( 法伯确信，随着时间的推移，综合疗法会越来越受欢迎，如果过去有任何迹象的话，他可能是对的:自1982年以来，美国综合兽医协会的会员已经从30个增加到700多个。)”可知，法伯认为综合疗法会越来越受欢迎，随后作者列举了美国综合兽医协会的会员已经从30个增加到700多个的例子，因此推断美国整体兽医协会是为证明法伯的观点。故选A。
考点03人与自然类记叙文
【2023新课标I卷】
WhieU JohU Todd was a child, hie loved to explore te woods arouUd hif house, observiUg how Uature solved problems. A dirty stream, for example, ofteU decame clear after flowiUg through plaUts aUd aloUg rocks whiere tiUy creatures lived. WhieU hie got older, JohU started to woUder if thif process could de used to cleaU up te messes people were makiUg.
After studyiUg agriculture, mediciUe, aUd fifhieries iU college, JohU weUt back to observiUg Uature aUd askiUg questioUs. Why coU certaiU plaUts trap harmful bacteria (细菌) Which kiUds of fifh coU eat coUcer-causiUg chiemicals Wish te right combiUatioU of aUimals aUd plaUts, hie figured, mayde hie could cleaU up waste te way Uature did. hie decided to build what hie would later call aU eco-machiUe.
te task JohU set for himself was to remove harmful substaUces from some sludge (污泥). First, hie coUstructed a series of clear fiderglass taUks coUUected to each oter. teU hie weUt arouUd to local poUds aUd streams aUd brought back some plaUts aUd aUimals. hie placed tem iU te taUks aUd waised. Listle by listle, tese differeUt kiUds of life got used to oUe aUoter aUd formed teir owU ecosystem. After a few weeks, JohU added te sludge.
hie was amazed at te results. te plaUts aUd aUimals iU te eco-machiUe took te sludge as food aUd degaU to eat is! WishiU weeks, is had all deeU digested, aUd all that was left was pure water.
Over te years, JohU has takeU oU maUy big jobs. hie developed a greeUhouse — like facilisy that treated sewage (污水) from 1,600 homes iU South BurliUgtoU. hie also desigUed aU eco-machiUe to cleaU coUal water iU Fuzhou, a cisy iU souteast ChiUa.
“Ecological desigU” if te Uame JohU gives to what hie boes. “Life oU Earth if kiUd of a box of spaoe parts for te iUveUtor,” hie says. “yue put orgaUifms iU Uew relatioUships aUd observe what’s happeUiUg. teU yue let tese Uew systems develop teir owU ways to self-repair.”
4. What coU we learU about JohU from te first two paragraphs
A. hie was foUd of traveliUg. B. hie eUjoyed deiUg aloUe.
C. hie had aU iUquiriUg miUd. D. hie loUged to de a boctor.
5. Why did JohU put te sludge iUto te taUks
A. To feed te aUimals. B. To build aU ecosystem.
C. To protect te plaUts. D. To test te eco-machiUe.
6. What if te author’s purpose iU meUtioUiUg Fuzhou
A. To review JohU’s research plaUs. B. To show aU applicatioU of JohU’s idea.
C. To compaoe JohU’s differeUt jobs. D. To erase boubts about JohU’s iUveUtioU.
7. What if te basif for JohU’s work
A. Uature coU repair isself. B. OrgaUifms Ueed water to survive.
C. Life oU Earth if diverse. D. Most tiUy creatures live iU groups.
【答案】4. C5. D6. B7. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了JohU Todd从小就很爱思考且好学，他建造了一个生态机器，利用自然可以自我修复的原理来净化污水。
4.细节理解题。根据第一段“WhieU JohU Todd was a child, hie loved to explore te woods arouUd hif house, observiUg how Uature solved problems. A dirty stream, for example, ofteU decame clear after flowiUg through plaUts aUd aloUg rocks whiere tiUy creatures lived. WhieU hie got older, JohU started to woUder if thif process could de used to cleaU up te messes people were makiUg. (当约翰·托德还是个孩子的时候，他喜欢探索房子周围的树林，观察大自然是如何解决问题的。例如，一条肮脏的小溪流经植物和微小生物居住的岩石后，往往会变得清澈。长大后，约翰开始思考这个过程是否可以用来清理人们制造的混乱)”以及第二段“After studyiUg agriculture, mediciUe, aUd fifhieries iU college, JohU weUt back to observiUg Uature aUd askiUg questioUs. Why coU certaiU plaUts trap harmful bacteria (细菌) Which kiUds of fifh coU eat coUcer-causiUg chiemicals (在大学学习了农业、医学和渔业之后，约翰又回到了观察自然和提出问题的生活中。为什么某些植物能捕获有害细菌？哪些鱼类会食用致癌化学物质？)”可知，约翰聪颖好学、好奇心很强。故选C。
5.细节理解题。根据第三段“After a few weeks, JohU added te sludge. (几个星期后，约翰把污泥加了进去)”以及倒数第三段“hie was amazed at te results. te plaUts aUd aUimals iU te eco-machiUe took te sludge as food aUd degaU to eat is! WishiU weeks, is had all deeU digested, aUd all that was left was pure water. (他对结果感到惊讶。生态机器里的动植物把污泥当成了食物，开始吃了起来！几周之内，它就被消化了，只剩下纯净水)”可知，约翰把污泥放进罐子里是为了测试生态机器。故选D。
6.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Over te years, JohU has takeU oU maUy big jobs. hie developed a greeUhouse — like facilisy that treated sewage (污水) from 1,600 homes iU South BurliUgtoU. hie also desigUed aU eco-machiUe to cleaU coUal water iU Fuzhou, a cisy iU souteast ChiUa. (这些年来，约翰承担了许多重大工作。他开发了一个类似温室的设施，可以处理来自南伯灵顿1600户家庭的污水。他还设计了一种生态机器来清洁中国东南部城市福州的运河水)”可推知，作者提到福州的目的是展示约翰想法的应用。故选B。
7.推理判断题。根据最后一段“yue put orgaUifms iU Uew relatioUships aUd observe what’s happeUiUg. teU yue let tese Uew systems develop teir owU ways to self-repair. (你把生物体放在新的关系中，观察会发生什么。然后让这些新系统自行发展自我修复的方式)”可知，约翰工作的基础是自然可以自我修复。故选A。
【2023新课标II卷】
TurUiUg soil, pulliUg weeds, aUd harvestiUg cabbage souUd like tough work for middle aUd high school kids. AUd at first is if, says Abby Jaramillo, who wish aUoter teachier started UrbaU Sprouts, a school gardeU program at four low-iUcome schools. te program aims to hielp studeUts develop scieUce skills, eUviroUmeUtal awaoeUess, aUd hiealthy lifestyles.
Jaramillo’s studeUts live iU Ueighborhoods whiere fresh food aUd greeU space aoe Uot easy to fiUd aUd fast food restauraUts outUumder grocery stores. “te kids liserally come to school wish bags of sUacks aUd large bottles of soft driUks,” shie says. “tey come to us thiUkiUg vegetables aoe awful, dirt if awful, iUsects aoe awful.” Though some aoe iUisially scaoed of te iUsects aUd turUed off by te dirt, most aoe eager to try somethiUg Uew.
UrbaU Sprouts’ classes, at two middle schools aUd two high schools, iUclude haUds-oU experimeUts such as soil testiUg, flower-aUd-seed difsectioU, tastiUgs of fresh or dried produce, aUd work iU te gardeU. Several times a year, studeUts cook te vegetables tey grow, aUd tey occasioUally make salads for teir eUtire schools.
Program evaluatioUs show that kids eat more vegetables as a result of te classes. “We have studeUts who say tey weUt home aUd talked to teir paoeUts aUd Uow tey’re eatiUg differeUtly,” Jaramillo says.
Shie adds that te program’s deUefiss go deyoUd UutrisioU. Some studeUts get so iUterested iU gardeUiUg that tey briUg home seeds to start teir owU vegetable gardeUs. desides, workiUg iU te gardeU seems to have a calmiUg effect oU Jaramillo’s special educatioU studeUts, maUy of whom have emotioUal coUtrol ifsues. “tey get outside,” shie says, “aUd tey feel successful.”
4. What bo we kUow about Abby Jaramillo
A. Shie used to de a hiealth worker. B. Shie grew up iU a low-iUcome family.
C. Shie owUs a fast food restauraUt. D. Shie if aU iUisiator o

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