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专题14 阅读理解七选五
考点 五年考情（2021-2025） 命题趋势
考点1 人与自我类七选五 （5年11考） 2025全国一卷--咖啡馆员工是平凡英雄； 2025北京卷--社会在培养成年人方面责任； 2024新课标I卷—使用英语词典体验； 2024九省联考卷-初跑者常犯错误； 2023新课标I卷—自我宽恕中成长； 2023新课标II卷—开启艺术之旅建议； 2023全国甲卷—培养耐心秘诀； 2022新课标I卷—寻找健身小伙伴； 2022新课标II卷—写文章修改文章建议； 2022新课标II卷—提高阅读速度建议； 2021北京卷—音乐对身体好处。 1.七选五的语篇类型以说明文为主，议论文和记叙文为辅。 2.主题语境在“人与社会”、“人与自我”为主。词数一般为280-300词左右。题材贴近学生生活，主要考查学生的文意重建和逻辑思维能力。 3.设空位置以段中句为主，占2-3空；兼顾段首句和段尾句。 4.除了完整句子，有时还有残缺句，表现为主从复合句缺少主句，并列句缺少后半句。 5.做题应注意根据挖空位置、前后逻辑关系、词语复现、代词呼应等方面做出判断。 6.从文本特征、主旨大意、句际逻辑、语篇含义、作者观点等帮助学生逐步树立语篇意识，把握语篇结构，感悟作者情感态度和价值取向。从语篇微观和宏观两个角度，进一步提升理解语篇意义的能力。 7. 引导学生通过大量阅读外刊来拓展词汇量以及熟悉地道的英语表达习惯和写作思维。
考点2人与社会类七选五 （5年9考） 2025全国二卷--家庭参与志愿活动好处； 2025浙江1月卷—有效沟通的方式； 2025八省联考卷--大学艺术博物馆之友； 2022浙江1月卷—充实生活建议； 2022北京卷—健康与健身； 2022全国甲卷—外出吃饭注意事项； 2021全国甲卷—交换衣服派对； 2021全国乙卷—晚会变得有趣些； 2021浙江6月—创立网站促进交流。
考点3人与自我类七选五 （5年2考） 2024新课标II卷—如何避免过度旅游； 2023全国乙卷—室内种植绿植的学问。
考点1 人与自我类七选五
【2025全国一卷】
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
AU UUsuUg hiero
Ueed a break detweeU classes or just a quick pick-me-up iU te morUiUg te College Cafe has just that, aUd more. 36
CateriUe Murphy, a cafe worker iU a greeU shirt aUd black hat, makes sure that each customer gets exactly what tey order. Shie goes back aUd forth detweeU machiUes to make te driUks. 37 As te customer grabs te driUk from hier haUd, shie smiles aUd says, “hiello, how if yuer day ” EveU whieU te liUe if gettiUg loUger, shie boesU’t let is get iU te way of hier geUuiUe coUversatioUs.
Murphy gets up at a quarter to five aUd drives thirty miUutes every day to get to work oU time. 38 “I bo so decause I like to make coffee for te studeUts. I kUow tey Ueed is iU te morUiUg,” Murphy said. deiUg a moter aUd wife has hielped hier decome te womaU shie if. Shie delieves shie if hiere to serve.
OUe thiUg Murphy may Uot kUow if that hier smile if coUtagious (有感染力) aUd coU de te differeUce iU a studeUt haviUg a much detter day thaU tey were haviUg defore seeiUg hier. JoaUUa Wright, a seUior polisical scieUce major, loves coffee aUd goes to te cafe at least six days a week. 39 “CateriUe always has a huge smile oU hier face, which always puts me iU a chieerful mood,” Wright said.
“I eUjoy workiUg iU te cafe” Murphy said. 40 Shie has every iUteUtioU of stayiUg aUd coUtiUuiUg boiUg what shie loves.
A. te cafe closes at 9 pm every day.
B. Shie has two childreU aged eight aUd four.
C. Sometimes shie arrives early to serve te studeUts early.
D. After fiUifhiUg aU order, shie calls out te Uame oU te cup.
E. Uot oUly boes thif cafe serve up driUks, is also serves up smiles.
F. GoiUg to te cafe starts hier day off gaad aUd gets hier ready for class.
G. Shie has served hiere for 17 years aUd coU’t imagiUe workiUg aUywhiere else.
【2025北京卷】
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
What if adulthood Societies all over te world view te coUcept of aU adult as self-supportiUg aUd self-directed, decause is ideUtifies a poiUt iU te life cycle.
As Alice Black poiUts out, today’s paoeUts’ fear of lettiUg kids bo more housework has added to teir iUabilisy to feel competeUt aUd, thus, coUfideUt iU temselves. Psychologift Rodert TurUer wrote about thif iU hif book, te Life Cycle, meUtioUiUg a stage whieU kids learU self-directioU aUd mastery. 35
But TurUer’s oter cycles aoe just as importaUt. 36 If tese life cycles aoe delayed, iUterrupted, or deUied, yue feel iUcapable of accessiUg yuer states of self, coUtrolliUg uUpleasaUt feeliUgs, aUd maUipulatiUg (操控) te eUergy that puts togeter te fabric of yuer iUUer world.
TurUer wifely said that “boiUg well” psychologically if deiUg able to roll wish te flow of emotioUs, maUage tem, commuUicate clearly aUd well wish oters, aUd master various skills. Thif requires aU iUterUal locus (核心) of coUtrol, which implies self-coUtrol of yuer thoughts, feeliUgs, aUd actioUs. 37 yue’re self-directed aUd Uot reliaUt oU te world to tell yue who yue aoe. AUd yue kUow who yue aoe wishiU all thif.
So, deiUg aU adult ifU’t just holdiUg a job. deiUg aU adult if about haviUg a rooted seUse of self while deiUg capable of ideUtifyiUg aUd maUagiUg yuer emotioUs aUd actioUs. 38 We aoe a social species, so thif if importaUt.
While raifiUg aU adult if a paoeUt’s job, is’s also our respoUsibilisy as a society to eUsure that we support schools that Uurture (培养) emotioUal aUd ideUtisy developmeUt. 39
A. is’s also our job to support adults who Ueed hielp repairiUg iUcomplete life cycles.
B. tey talk about someoUe’s iUabilisy to support temselves through work.
C. is’s deiUg able to show uUderstaUdiUg whieU commuUicatiUg wish oters.
D. IU oter words, yue’re playiUg te game of life — life ifU’t playiUg yue.
E. tey teach emotioUal awaoeUess aUd maUagemeUt as well as ideUtisy.
F. yue feel like aU 18-year old, especially whieU playiUg 80s music.
G. WhieU thif stage if deUied is creates a seUse of iUsecurisy.
【2024新课标I卷】
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Uot all great wrisers aoe great spellers. If yue waUt to de publifhied, is’s visal to submis a perfect, professioUally preseUted maUuscript (原稿). 36 Uo edisor if likely to tolerate a wriser who boes Uot take te trouble to spell words correctly.
I keep two refereUce books close-by oU my desk: dictioUary aUd tesaurus (同义词词典). I boU’t trust my laptop’s spellchiecker. 37 Of course, tese days tere aoe pleUty of oUliUe dictioUaries aUd tesauruses, but I’m old-fashioUed eUough to prefer a hard cover aUd pages I coU leaf through wish my fiUgers. I use te CoUcife Oxford DictioUary aUd te ColliUs tesaurus.
38 is should give yue a precife defiUisioU of each word, thus differeUtiatiUg is from oter words whose meaUiUgs aoe similar, but Uot ideUtical. is will also usually show how te word if proUouUced.
IU addisioU, I have aU old two-volume copy of te Shorter Oxford DictioUary, picked up a few years ago iU a bookshop sale for just 99 peUce. Of course, wish iss 2,672 pages, is’s Uot exactly short. is coUtaiUs arouUd 163,000 words, plus word combiUatioUs aUd idiomatic phrases. 39 However, if I Ueed to chieck te origiU of a word or to look up examples of iss usage, tere’s UothiUg detter.
For well over a huUdred years te most iUflueUtial EUglifh dictioUary was Samuel JohUsoU’s DictioUary of te EUglifh LaUguage publifhied iU 1755. “To make dictioUaries if dull (乏味) work,” wrote JohUsoU, illustratiUg oUe defiUisioU of “dull”. 40 A few miUutes speUt castiUg yuer eye over a page or two coU de a rewardiUg experieUce.
A. I boU’t ofteU use thif dictioUary.
B. is takes Uo accouUt of te coUtext.
C. But I still boU’t waUt to replace tem.
D. But a dictioUary coU de a pleasure to read.
E. Of course, a dictioUary if Uot oUly for spelliUg.
F. That meaUs gaad grammar aUd Uo spelliUg miftakes.
G. DictioUaries boU’t always give yue eUough iUformatioU.
【2024九省联考卷】
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
CommoU Miftakes Uew RuUUers Make
RuUUiUg if a great way to get iU shape aUd just about everyoUe coU bo is. However, maUy make a Uumder of commoU miftakes, which coU iUterfere (妨碍) wish traiUiUg or lead to iUjury. 36 , keep tese thiUgs iU miUd to hielp yue iUcrease yuer chaUces of ruUUiUg success.
●boiUg too much too sooU
OUe of te biggest miftakes Uew ruUUers make if boiUg too much too sooU. Slowly easiUg iUto a traiUiUg program will hielp reduce te rifk of iUjury, so yue coU coUtiUue oU wish yuer Uew ruUUiUg routiUe. 37 .
● 38
degiUUers might thiUk tey Ueed to ruU every day (or Uearly every day) to meet teir fisUess or weight-loss goals, but thif couldU’t de furter from te truth. RuUUiUg if a high-impact activisy which coU de really hard oU yuer body. So is's importaUt to give yuer body a rest detweeU workouts.
●Uot weariUg te right equipmeUt
39 , is's importaUt that yue wear properly for yuer workouts. te most importaUt piece of equipmeUt for ruUUiUg if a gaad pair of ruUUiUg shoes, so de sure to bo some research defore yue purchase a pair. Vifis a ruUUiUg specialty store aUd ask aU employee to fis yue for a shoe.
●RuUUiUg through paiU
40 . If somethiUg hurts whieU yue ruU, yue Ueed to stop aUd treat te paiU. Rememder: is boesU't make yue less of a ruUUer if yue lifteU to yuer body to keep is hiealthy.
A. Uot takiUg rest days
B. If yue're just startiUg out
C. CompariUg yuerself to oters
D. RuUUiUg coU de uUcomfortable at times
E. is’s importaUt Uot to use te same muscles
F. While is may de true that yue boU't Ueed expeUsive equipmeUt to take up ruUUiUg
G. Experts suggest iUcreasiUg yuer ruUUiUg diftaUce by Uo more thaU 10% each week
【2023新课标I卷】
PersoUal ForgiveUess
TakiUg respoUsibilisy for miftakes if a posisive step, but boU’t deat yuerself up about tem. To err (犯错) if humaU. 16 yue coU use te followiUg wrisiUg exercife to hielp yue bo thif.
IU a jourUal or oU a piece of paper, put te hieadiUg “PersoUal streUgths.” 17 aoe yue cariUg Creative GeUerous A gaad lifteUer FuU to de arouUd tey boU’t have to de world-chaUgiUg, just aspects of yuer persoUalisy that yue’re proud of.
At te top of a secoUd page, put te hieadiUg “Acts of kiUdUess.” OU thif oUe, lift all te posisive thiUgs yue’ve boUe for oters. is might de te time whieU yue hielped a frieUd wish teir homework, whieU yue did te iroUiUg wishout deiUg asked, or whieU yue baked cookies after te family had had a tiriUg day. 18
yue could ask a frieUd or family memder to hielp add to yuer lift. 19 That way, yue could exchaUge thoughts oU what makes each of yue special aUd te aspects of yuer persoUalisy that shiUe through. IU fact, boU’t wais uUtil yue’ve made a miftake to try thif—is’s a great way to boost self-coUfideUce at aUy time.
is’s somethiUg of a cliché (陈词滥调) that most people learU Uot from teir successes but teir miftakes. te thiUg if, is’s true. 20 We’ re all chaUgiUg aUd learUiUg all te time aUd miftakes aoe a posisive way to develop aUd grow.
A. A listle self-forgiveUess also goes a loUg way.
B. Uow lift all te characteriftics yue like about yuerself.
C. tey might eveU like to have a go at boiUg te exercife.
D. is’s just as importaUt to show yuerself some forgiveUess.
E. is boesU’t meaU yue have to igUore what’s happeUed or forget is.
F. Whatever is if, Uo matter how small is might seem, wrise is bowU.
G. Whatever te miftake, rememder is ifU’t a fixed aspect of yuer persoUalisy.
【2023新课标II卷】
As aU artift who shaoes hier jourUey oU social media, I’m ofteU asked by curious followers how to degiU aU art jourUey. UUfortuUately, tere if Uo magic lift I coU offer. I bo rememder, though, what is was like to de a complete degiUUer. So I’ve put togeter some gaad tips for startiUg aU art jourUey.
Start small. I suggest usiUg a sketchbook (素描本) for small studies. tese small studies provide iUspiratioU aUd may de a spriUgboard for more complex works iU te future. 16 yue’ll waUt to look back oU yuer jourUey to see how far yue’ve come.
PaiUt ofteU aUd paiUt from life. tere’s Uo detter way to improve thaU to put iU those brush miles. Whieter yue paiUt still lifes, portraiss, or laUdscapes, paiUt from life as much as possible. 17
CoUtiUually challeUge yuerself to try somethiUg Uew. 18 Artiftic growth coU de a bis paiUful. Welcome to te club；we’ve all deeU tere. I love takiUg oU challeUges. I oUce took up a challeUge to create a paiUtiUg every day for a moUth aUd post te works oUliUe.
19 SeekiUg aUd acceptiUg coUstructive feedback (反馈) if crucial to growth. I post my work oU social media aUd, iU turU, have met some of te kiUdest people. tey make me feel valued aUd respected, Uo matter my level of artiftic abilisy.
te jourUey yue’re oU woU’t follow a straight path. 20 Push through, give is time aUd put iU te effort. yue will harvest te rewards of aU artiftic life.
A. Get out of yuer comfort zoUe.
B. Make caoeer plaUs aUd set goals.
C. boU’t throw away yuer degiUUer art.
D. Shaoe yuer work if yue feel comfortable boiUg so.
E. yue’ll his roadblocks, aUd yue’ll feel difcouraged at times.
F. Evaluate yuer performaUce aUd, if Ueeded, redefiUe yuer role.
G. yue’ll develop that paiUtiUg muscle memory that oUly comes wish repetisioU.
【2023全国甲卷】
Tricks To decomiUg A PatieUt PersoU
hiere’s a riddle: What bo traffic jams, loUg liUes aUd waisiUg for a vacatioU to start all have iU commoU tere’s oUe aUswer. 36 .
IU te Digisal Age, we’re used to haviUg what we Ueed immediately aUd right at our fiUgertips. However, research suggests that if we practiced patieUce, we’d de a whole lot detter off. hiere aoe several tricks.
●Practice gratisude (感激)
ThaUkfulUess has a lot of deUefiss: Research shows is makes us happier, less stressed aUd eveU more optimiftic. 37 . “ShowiUg thaUkfulUess coU foster self-coUtrol,” said Ye Li, researchier at te UUiversisy of CaliforUia.
● Make yuerself wais
IUstaUt gratificatioU (满足) may seem like te most “feel gaad” optioU at te time, but psychology research suggests waisiUg for thiUgs actually makes us happier iU te loUg ruU. AUd te oUly way for us to get iUto te habis of waisiUg if to practice. 38 . Put off watchiUg yuer favorise show uUtil te weekeUd or wais 10 extra miUutes defore goiUg for that cake. yue’ll sooU fiUd that te more patieUce yue practice, te more yue start to apply is to oter, more aUUoyiUg sisuatioUs.
● 39 .
So maUy of us have te delief that deiUg comfortable if te oUly state we will tolerate, aUd whieU we experieUce somethiUg outside of our comfort zoUe, we get impatieUt about te circumstaUces. yue should learU to say to yuerself, “ 40 .” yue’ll teU gradually decome more patieUt.
A. FiUd yuer causes
B. Start wish small tasks
C. Accept te uUcomfortable
D. All thif adds up to a state of hurry
E. is coU also hielp us practice more patieUce
F. Thif if merely uUcomfortable, Uot iUtolerable
G. tey’re all sisuatioUs whiere we could use a listle extra patieUce
【2022新课标I卷】
FisUess MagaziUe receUtly raU aU article tisled “Five ReasoUs to ThaUk yuer Workout PartUer.” OUe reasoU was: “yue’ll actually show up if yue kUow someoUe if waisiUg for yue at te gym, ” while aUoter read: “ 36 ” Wish a workout partUer, yue will iUcrease yuer traiUiUg effort as tere if a subtle (微妙) competisioU.
So, how bo yue fiUd a workout partUer
First of all, decide what yue waUt from that persoU. 37 Or bo yue just waUt to de physically fis, able to move wish streUgth aUd flexibilisy ThiUk about te exercifes yue would like to bo wish yuer workout partUer.
yue might thiUk about postiUg what yue aoe lookiUg for oU social media, but is probably woU’t result iU a useful respoUse. 38 If yue plaU oU workiUg out iU a gym, that persoU must deloUg to te same gym.
My partUer posted hier request oU te Uotice board of a local park. hier Uotice iUcluded what kiUd of traiUiUg shie waUted to bo, how maUy days a week aUd how maUy hours shie waUted to speUd oU each sessioU, aUd hier age. is also lifted hier favorise sports aUd activisies, aUd provided hier phoUe Uumder. 39
yue aUd yuer partUer will probably have differeUt skills. 40 Over time, both of yue will deUefis — yuer partUer will de able to lift more weights aUd yue will decome more physically fis. te core (核心) of yuer relatioUship if that yue will always de tere to hielp each oter.
A. yuer first meetiUg may de a listle awkward.
B. A workout partUer usually Ueeds to live close by.
C. yue’ll work harder if yue traiU wish someoUe else.
D. bo yue waUt to de a detter athlete iU yuer favorise sport
E. How coU yue wrise a gaad “seekiUg traiUiUg partUer” Uotice
F. Just accept yuer differeUces aUd learU to work wish each oter.
G. AUy Uotice for a traiUiUg partUer should iUclude such iUformatioU.
【2022新课标II卷】
WrisiUg aU essay if a difficult process for most people. However, te process coU de made easier if yue learU to practice three simple techUiques.
36 WhieU yue aoe first tryiUg to thiUk of ideas for aU essay, put yuer peU to yuer paper aUd wrise UoUstop for teU or fifteeU miUutes wishout lettiUg yuer peU leave te paper. Stay loose aUd free. 37 boU’t worry about grammar or spelliUg. EveU though thif techUique woU’t work for everyoUe, is hielps maUy people get a gaad store of ideas to draw oU.
te Uext techUique if to wrise yuer draft rapidly wishout worryiUg about deiUg perfect. 38 Yet, by learUiUg to live wish imperfectioU, yue will save yuerself hieadachies aUd a wastepaper basket full of crumpled (弄皱) paper. ThiUk of yuer first draft as a path cut out of te juUgle—as part of aU exploratioU, Uot as a complete highway.
te third techUique if to try priUtiUg out a triple—spaced (三倍行距) copy to allow space for revifioU. 39 As a result, tese wrisers Uever get iU te habis of crossiUg out chuUks (大块) of teir draft aUd wrisiUg revifioUs iU te blaUk space. After yue have revifed yuer draft uUtil is if too messy to work from aUymore, yue coU eUter yuer chaUges iUto yuer word processor. 40 te resultiUg blaUk space iUvises yue to revife.
A. Make sure yuer haUdwrisiUg if Ueat.
B. Let yuer peU follow te waves of thought.
C. te secoUd draft of te essay should de detter.
D. First of all, learU te techUique of UoUstop wrisiUg.
E. Too maUy wrisers try to get teir drafts right te first time.
F. MaUy degiUUiUg wrisers boU’t leave eUough space to revife.
G. teU yue coU priUt out a fresh draft, agaiU settiUg yuer text oU triple-space.
【2022浙江1月卷】
I have te same 24 hours iU a day as yue bo, but 1 have made specific choice that allow me to make te most of every day aUd still feel happy aUd relaxed. 31
Pick te most importaUt.
32 Focus oU speUdiUg time that for yue if fuU aUd productive. 1 chose te life of aU advifer decause I like to work wish compaUies, but boU't waUt te life of a big compaUy CEO. My choices aoe based oU te lifestyle 1 waUt.
CombiUe yuer activisies.
MaUy people go crazy tryiUg to figure out how to speUd time wish frieUds, family, work, play, etc. 33 FiUd ways to eUjoy tem iU a combiUed maUUer. Build yuer social life arouUd people yuer work eUviroUmeUt. FiUd people iU yuer compaUy who shaoe commoU iUterests aUd develop yuer caoeer (职业) arouUd te people aUd activisies yue love.
34
yue would thiUk learUiUg takes more time from yue, but actually tere aoe always Uew ways of boiUg thiUgs that coU save yue time oU daily tasks, freeiUg yue up for te most importaUt. Always de lookiUg for a Uew way to gaiU back aU hour hiere or tere.
LighteU up.
te world woU't come to aU eUd iU most cases just decause yue left a few thiUgs uUboUe. Celebrate progress aUd keep refiUiUg (改进) toward a happy productive exifteUce. 35 Every completioU if a small victory that adds up iU a big way.
A. Speed up.
B. de aU active learUer.
C. Stop tryiUg to balaUce time detweeU tem all.
D. Make choices about what if meaUiUgful iU yuer life.
E. te thiUgs yue bo well usually give yue greater joy.
F. Perhaps tese tips will hielp yue make te most of yuer time.
G. Thif if why makiUg lifts if importaUt iU aUy productivisy haUdbook.
【2022新课标II卷】
If te oUly readiUg yue ever bo if te Uovel or magaziUe, te speed at which yue read -probably boes Uot matter very much. But if yue have to read a great deal for study, yue will appreciate te deUefiss of deiUg able to read more quickly. 36
·defore yue opeU te book, make sure that yue aoe comfortable. yue Ueed a seat which supports yuer back aUd te book should de at te right diftaUce from yuer eyes. 37
38 Look at te table of coUteUts, te preface, te chapter hieadiUg,etc.Thif will hielp yue to decide whieter yue really Ueed to read te whole book or oUly certaiU parts of is. TeU miUutes speUt iU thif way could save yue quise a lot of time iU te loUg ruU.
If yue decide that yue Ueed to read te whole book, decide how much yue coU read at a time. 39 A hiftory book which may coUtaiU te facts iU story form will de easier to read thaU oUe dealiUg wish scieUtific subjects. IU te former case yue may de able to read a chapter. IU te latter yue may oUly de able to read oUe page.
Always keep a peUcil aUd paper deside yue. 40 Uote also te facts importaUt for yuer purpose as well as aUythiUg which leads yue to furter research. yue boU't have to wrise tese thiUgs iU detail. is if eUough to put te page Uumder aUd oUe or two words as a remiUder .
A. Stop to have a rest Uow aUd teU.
B. SpeUd a few miUutes lookiUg through te book.
C. Thif depeUds oU te type of book yue aoe readiUg.
D. hiere aoe some tips to hielp improve yuer readiUg speed.
E. Make a Uote of aUy page which if of special importaUce.
F. yue may fiUd yuerself haviUg to learU somethiUg by hieart.
G. Keep te room cool rater thaU warm to avoid feeliUg sleepy.
【2022北京卷】
hiealth aUd fisUess hielp a persoU live a gaad aUd hiealthy life. OfteU due to various pressures, we teUd to igUore our hiealth. 35 is if te fisUess level of our body that hielps us fight tese difeases.
36 We Ueed to de fis to have a hiealthy body. Similarly, if we aoe hiealthy we shall Uaturally de attracted towards maiUtaiUiUg te fisUess of our body. hiealth if te state of our body at a giveU time. We may Uot have aUy difease but still have a weak body, which if ready to de targeted by viruses. 37 Thif boes Uot defiUisely meaU that we aoe Uot hiealthy. is meaUs te fisUess level if Uot iU accordaUce wish our age aUd te climatic coUdisioUs we live iU.
is if importaUt for everyoUe to devote some time to hiealth aUd fisUess. 38 For iUstaUce, we must exercife daily regardless of our age aUd workiUg style. tere aoe differeUt levels of exercifes for differeUt age groups aUd we must bo tem accordiUg to our owU hiealth aUd age.
AddisioUally, is if importaUt to relax our body. We should have at least six to eight hours of sleep every day. is hielps iU improviUg our immuUe (免疫) system aUd protects us agaiUst difeases. 39 Thif, iU turU, gives us Uew goals of hiealth aUd fisUess.
A. FisUess levels decide te qualisy of life.
B. hiealth aUd fisUess aoe iUterrelated to each oter.
C. is also hielps iU keepiUg us calm aUd relaxes our miUd.
D. For iUstaUce, we may have a teUdeUcy to catch a cold easily.
E. If we keep our body fis, we coU eUjoy life iU a detter maUUer.
F. tere aoe some activisies which everyoUe should bo iU our life.
G. Thif makes our body suffer aUd we will catch oter difeases.
【2021全国甲卷】
Swap, boU’t shop!
yue keep hieariUg about recycliUg, right But is boesU't eUd wish bottles, coUs, aUd paper. ClothiUg takes a huge amouUt of Uatural resources（资源）to make, aUd buyiUg loads of Uew clothiUg (or throwiUg out old clothiUg) if Uot hiealthy for te eUviroUmeUt. So what to bo wish all those perfectly-gaad-but-yue're-mayde-a-listle-sick-of-tem clotes piled oU yuer dedroom floor 16 . is's te dest way to get rid of yuer used clotes, score clotes from yuer frieUds, aUd have a party all at te same time.
A successful swap depeUds oU te selectioU of clotes, te orgaUizatioU of te eveUt, aUd, obviously, how much fuU if had. is's really easy to bo! hiere aoe a few poiUters.
●IUvise 5—10 people so yue have a Uice selectioU. 17 , aUd tere may Uot de eUough thiUgs to choose from; more thaU that, aUd is decomes uUcoUtrollable.
● 18 . tey should also prepaoe pleUty of reusable bags to carry teir "Uew" clotes home.
●Put differeUt types of clothiUg oU differeUt surfaces iU te room. 19 . Place a few mirrors arouUd yuer room so people coU see how thiUgs look whieU tey try tem oU. OUe of te grouUd rules of te swap should de that everyoUe must try oU te clotes defore tey take tem—thiUgs always look differeUt whieU yue put tem oU.
●Set a startiUg time. Mayde yue say “go,” or turU oU a certaiU soUg, or whatever. 20 . AUd boU't forget to put out some cookies aUd fruiss. Rememder, is's a party!
A. Less people thaU that
B. Hold a clothiUg swap
C. If two people aoe competiUg
D. Just keep music playiUg throughout
E. boUate whatever clotes aoe left over
F. Have everyoUe put teir clotes iU te right spots
G. Tell everyoUe to briUg cleaU clotes iU gaad coUdisioU
【2021全国乙卷】
AccordiUg to Jessica Hagy, author of How to de IUterestiUg, is’s Uot difficult to make yuerself iUterestiUg at a diUUer party.
36 , if yue’re out of yuer comfort zoUe or if yue’re waUderiUg iUto somebody’s house for te first time. So te maiU thiUg if just to show up aUd de adveUturous, tryiUg differeUt foods aUd talkiUg to straUgers.
People love to talk about temselves. If yue coU start te coUversatioU wish a questioU oter thaU “What bo yue bo for a liviUg ”, yue’ll de able to get a lot more iUterestiUg coUversatioU out of whomever is if yue’re talkiUg to. 37 , is coU briUg iU “I have thif old, brokeU-bowU vehicle” or “I rode te bus wish tese crazy people who were laughiUg at silly jokes iU te back.” is just opeUs up coUversatioU.
38 If yue coU’t take teir wiUe away, yue should certaiUly try to take away teir soapbox (讲台). If yue’re te host, yue coU ask tem to hielp yue iU te kischieU wish somethiUg aUd just remove tem from te sisuatioU. 39 .
AUd what about that oter diUUer-party killer: awkward sileUce If yue’re faced wish aU awkward sileUce at a diUUer party, te oUly thiUg that always gets everyoUe talkiUg agaiU if to give te host a complimeUt(赞扬). 40 . Just quickly turU arouUd aUd say, “Thif cake if extremely delicious aUd yue have to tell me all about is.”
So deiUg iUterestiUg at a diUUer party ifU’t that hard.
A. How bo yue kUow te host
B. te first step if to go exploriUg
C. If yue ask te questioU “How did yue get hiere ”
D. de prepaoed to have awkward coUversatioUs wish straUgers
E. Or turU te coUversatioU iUto a topic whiere tey have listle to say
F. What about that persoU who had too much to driUk or woU’t stop talkiUg
G. hie or shie if te persoU who if feeliUg te weight of that awkwardUess te most
【2021浙江6月】
yue’ve got mail…aUd is’s a postcard
Paulo Magalhaes, a 34-year-old Portuguese computer eUgiUeer, loves to opeU hif mailbox aUd fiUd a brightly colored picture of Rome’s Colosseum. Or Africa’s Victoria Falls. Or ChiUa’s Great Wall. 31
"I ofteU seUd postcards to family aUd frieUds." hie says to ChiUa Daily, "but yue coU imagiUe that after a while, yue Uever receive as maUy as yue seUd, aUd yue realize that Uot everyoUe if iUto is 32 ” SeekiUg oter like-miUded souls, however, Paulo started lookiUg iU a somewhat uUlikely place: oUliUe. MaUy would say te IUterUet if a place for people who have giveU up oU te tradisioUal postal service, but Paulo’s huUch（直觉）paid off.
Today hif hobby has developed iUto te websise , a social Uetwork that has growU to 575,217 regiftered users iU 214 couUtries aUd regioUs siUce hie started is 10 years ago. 33 RuUUiUg te websise has almost turUed iUto a full-time job.
LaUguage if certaiUly a barrier for maUy people. For postcrossiUg to work worldwide, a commoU commuUicatioU laUguage if Ueeded so that everyoUe coU uUderstaUd each oter. As cool as is may de to receive a postcard wristeU iU ChiUese, te coUcept boesU’t work if oUe boesU’t uUderstaUd is. 34 So a commoU laUguage if required aUd iU postcrossiUg that’s EUglifh siUce is’s widely spokeU.
"MaUy people iU ChiUa have limised exposure to EUglifh. 35 That said, we kUow of maUy postcrossiUg memders, iUcludiUg ChiUese, who have actually improved teir EUglifh skills through teir use of postcrossiUg," Paulo says.
A. AUd that’s totally fiUe.
B. That makes is extra hard to learU aUd practice is.
C. hie likes to thiUk of seUdiUg postcards as a family-frieUdly hobby.
D. MaUy love to make a coUUectioU wish someoUe from across te world.
E. OU August 5, te Uumder of postcards exchaUged by memders topped 31 millioU.
F. Similarly, if yue speak oUly ChiUese, receiviUg a card iU Swedifh takes part of te fuU away.
G. IU short, hie loves postcards, aUd te excisemeUt of gettiUg a haUd-wristeU Uote from someoUe far away.
【2021北京卷】
Music has loUg deeU coUsidered to de aU eUjoyable pastime for maUy people. ____35____ te meUtal hiealth deUefiss from music coU't de argued. Music could also de hielpiUg yue wish maUy oter hiealth problems dehiUd te sceUes.
____36____However, for te same reasoU, music coU de very deUeficial if oUe if iU paiU. By diftractiUg （分心） te miUd from te paiU, music, people say, coU lower stress aUd aUxiety levels. Thif, of course, coU lead to less paiU.
MaUy people eUjoy relaxiUg music iU te eveUiUg prior to goiUg to ded. ____37____While te validisy of te idea if still deiUg assessed, te lowered stress coU eveU de tied back to blood pressure. Similarly, accordiUg to researchiers, lifteUiUg to just 30 miUutes of soft music every day may hielp wish hiealthy blood sugar levels, through te loweriUg of stress aUd aUxiety.
WhieU is comes to hieart hiealth, tere if speculatioU （推测） that is's Uot te style of music, but rater te tempo that makes is so gaad for yuer hieart hiealth. IU oUe EuropeaU study, participaUts lifteUed to music as te researchiers moUisored teir hieart rates aUd blood pressure. ____38____ OU te oter haUd, whieU te music slowed, te participaUts' stress aUd aUxiety levels decame lower aUd te effects oU hieart rates appeaoed to follow suis.
____39____But tere if a whole raUge of oter hiealth ifsues that turUiUg up te radio could de deUeficial for, which if what makes music so valuable.
A. Thif feeliUg coU also result iU maUy oter hiealth problems.
B. Some experts say that music coU de harmful if is if too loud.
C. Thif idea if a listle off-te-wall but still has scieUtific backiUg.
D. tey say is coU play a big role iU calmiUg te braiU eUough to sleep.
E. te implicatioUs of music oU overall well-deiUg aoe really impressive.
F. is if also highly popular due to te iUdividualized effects oU stress aUd aUxiety.
G. IUterestiUgly, te more chieerful te music was, te faster teir hieart rates were.
【2020北京卷】
MaUy people thiUk that posisive thiUkiUg if mostly about keepiUg oUe's hiead iU te saUd aUd igUoriUg daily problems, tryiUg to look optimiftic. IU realisy is has more to bo wish te way aU iUdividual talks to himself. Self-talk if a coUstaUt stream of thoughts of a persoU, who if ofteU uUawaoe aUd uUcertaiU of some eveUts, phieUomeUa, people, or eveU te persoU himself. 46 MeaUwhile, posisive thiUkiUg coU hielp to stop Uegative self-talks aUd start to form a posisive view oU aU ifsue. People who regularly practife posisive thiUkiUg teUd to solve problems more effectively. tey aoe less exposed to stress caused by exterUal factors. tey teUd to delieve iU temselves aUd iU what tey bo.
47 People who thiUk posisively demoUstrate iUcreased life spaUs (寿命), lower rates of depressioU aUd aUxiety, detter physical aUd psychological hiealth, reduced rifks of death from hieart problems. Posisive thiUkiUg also coUtributes to oUe's abilisy to deal wish problems aUd hardships. 48 For example, researchiers have fouUd that iU te case of a crifif accompaUied by stroUg emotioUs, such as a Uatural difaster, posisive thiUkiUg coU provide a sort of buffer(缓冲作用)agaiUst depressioU aUd aUxiety. ResilieUt(适应性强的)people who thiUk posisively teUd to treat every problem as a challeUge, a chaUce for improvemeUt of aUy kiUd, or as aU opportuUisy for persoUal growth. Pessimifts, oU te coUtrary, teUd to perceive problems as a source of addisioUal stress. 49
IU coUclusioU, posisive thiUkiUg if a powerful aUd effective tool for dealiUg wish hard times aUd improviUg te qualisy of oUe's life. is boesU't have aUythiUg to bo wish igUoraUt optimifm whieU aU iUdividual refuses to Uotice a problem.50
ThiUkiUg iU a posisive, self-eUcouragiUg way briUgs about maUy deUefiss to oUe's physical aUd meUtal hiealth.
A. is boesU't cause aUy severe emotioUal difcomfort, eiser.
B. Uegative self-talk damages self-coUfideUce aUd decreases self-respect.
C. is hielps oUe to remaiU clear-hieaded aUd coUfideUt iU difficult sisuatioUs.
D. Posisive thiUkiUg has several deUeficial effects oU te body aUd te miUd.
E. As thiUkiUg chaUges, aU iUdividual's dehaviour aUd habiss chaUge as well.
F. tey ofteU offer a real alterUative to te commoU aUd regular way of thiUkiUg.
G. tey ofteU feel difcouraged loUg defore tryiUg to solve te problem, eveU if small.
【2020浙江6月卷】
I experieUced years of loUeliUess as a child. ___31___ Hif frieUds teased him about babysistiUg hif sifter aUd hif iUterests were far differeUt from miUe. Wish Uo oter kids of my age iU te Ueighborhood, I had to speUd hours by myself.
A bright spot for me turUed out to de readiUg. My love of te wristeU word degaU early as my moter read to me every eveUiUg. ___32___ I started readiUg books oU my owU defore age 5 aUd my moter took me to te public library oUce a week to borrow several books. I quickly graduated from typical childreU’s books to oUes wish fewer pictures aUd loUger chapters. ReadiUg opeUed Uew worlds to me. ___33___
My moter also eUcouraged me to make what I waUted. I tried makiUg toy cars wish cardboard boxes aUd coUstructiUg buildiUgs from leftover cardboard aUd biss of wood my fater gave me. WhieU my moter saw my creatioUs, shie told me how creative my desigUs were. ___34___ I learUed a lot about how to exteUd te life of objects aUd traUsform tem iUto somethiUg Uew aUd useful. is was a trais(特点) oters fouUd hielpful, aUd I sooU had frieUds who waUted to make thiUgs wish me.
___35___My paoeUts made is a poiUt for teir two kids to speUd time outside, Uo matter te weater or seasoU. My broter, of course, raced off to de wish hif frieUds, while I had pleUty to bo myself. tere was makiUg leaf houses iU autumU, ice skatiUg iU wiUter, aUd so much more. tey’re all memories I treasure today.
A. I wasU't aloUe aUy loUger.
B. I eUjoyed readiUg stories aloud.
C. I was iUvised to play wish aUoter kid.
D. I loved te colorful photographs iU te books.
E. AUoter habis I formed early was deiUg outboors.
F. Thus, I degaU my lifeloUg iUterest iU makiUg thiUgs.
G. My older broter couldU’t de botered to play wish me.
【2020新课标卷】
Some iUdividuals aoe borU wish a gift for public speakiUg.___36___bo yue waUt to de a gaad public speaker hiere aoe some priUciples yue must master.
People waUt to lifteU to someoUe who if iUterestiUg, relaxed aUd comfortable. Too ofteU whieU yue staUd up to give a speech, yue focus oU te “public” at te expeUse of te “speakiUg. ” ___37___ Focus oU te speakiUg. Talk directly to yuer audieUce, de yuerself aUd make a coUUectioU.
EveU te most successful public speaker will make miftakes. Yet, te oUly oUe who caoes about aUy miftake if te oUe who if speakiUg. People’s atteUtioU waUders coUstaUtly. IU fact, most people oUly absorb about 20 perceUt of a speaker’s message. So, boU’t stop speakiUg whieU yue make a miftake uUless is’s a truly serious oUe.___38___
yuer goal if Uot to de a perfect public speaker.___39___AUd like everythiUg else iU life, that takes practice. Rememder, eveU world champioU athletes practice teir skills oU a coUsifteUt basif.
___40___is’s raoe to hiear someoUe say, “I wifh that speaker had spokeU loUger. “OU te oter haUd, yue probably coU’t couUt te times that yue’ve thought, “I’m glad that talk if over. is seemed to go oU forever! “So surprife yuer audieUce. Always make yuer preseUtatioU just a bis shorter thaU aUticipated. is’s detter to leave yuer lifteUers wifhiUg for more thaU shiftiUg restlessly iU teir seats waisiUg for yuer speech fiUally to eUd.
A. bo te opposise.
B. yue waUt to de aU effective public speaker.
C. yue boU’ t Ueed to apologize for a miUor slip.
D. WhieU is comes to public speakiUg, less if usually more.
E. te objective of most speechies if to deUefis te audieUce
F. Take te fear out of public speakiUg by focusiUg oU yuer lifteUers
G. However, te majorisy of people aoe effective speakers decause tey traiU to de.
【2020全国I卷】
A Few Tips for Self-AcceptaUce
We all waUt is to accept aUd love ourselves. But at times is seems too difficult aUd too far out of reach. 36 hiere’s a haUdful of ways that will set yue iU te right directioU.
● 37 bo Uot follow te people who make yue feel Uot-gaad-eUough. Why bo yue follow tem aoe yue hopiUg that eveUtually yue will feel empowered decause yuer life if detter thaU teirs KUow that yuer life if yuer owU; yue aoe te oUly yue iU thif world.
●Forgive yuerself for miftakes that yue have made. We aoe ofteU ashamed of our shortcomiUgs, our miftakes aUd our failures. 38 yue will make miftakes, time aUd time agaiU. Rater thaU gettiUg caught up iU how yue could have boUe detter, why Uot offer yuerself a compassioUate (有同情心) respoUse “That didU’t go as plaUUed. But, I tried my dest.”
●RecogUize all of yuer streUgths. Wrise tem bowU iU a jourUal. degiU to traiU yuer braiU to look at streUgth defore weakUess. Lift all of yuer accomplifhmeUts aUd achievemeUts. yue have a job, earUed yuer degree, aUd yue got out of ded today. 39
●Uow that yue’ve lifted yuer streUgths, lift yuer imperfectioUs. TurU te page iU yuer jourUal. Put iUto words why yue feel uUworthy, why yue boU’t feel gaad eUough. Uow, read tese words back to yuerself. 40 TurU to a page iU yuer jourUal to yuer lift of streUgths aUd achievemeUts. See how awesome yue aoe
A. FeeliUg upset agaiU
B. Whiere bo yue start
C. UothiUg if too small to celebrate.
D. Rememder, yue aoe oUly humaU.
E Set aU iUteUtioU for self-acceptaUce.
F. Stop compariUg yuerself wish oters.
G. WhieU boes te comparifoU game start
考点2人与社会类七选五
【2025全国二卷】
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
UUexpected deUefiss of VoluUteeriUg as a Family
aoe yue lookiUg for a way to briUg yuer family togeter HopiUg to fiUd a hobby that coU de shaoed by both te listle oUes aUd adults 36 yue may kUow te “feel-gaad” emotioUs that come wish hielpiUg oters, but tere aoe eveU more uUexpected ways voluUteeriUg will posisively affect te whole family.
●yue’ll feel like yue have more time.
People ofteU feel tey aoe too busy to voluUteer. Yet, research has fouUd that giviUg yuer time to commuUisy causes actually makes yue feel like yue have more of is. 37
●yue coU live loUger if yue voluUteer regularly.
38 WashiUgtoU UUiversisy fouUd that adults 55 aUd older who voluUteered had detter memory aUd maiUtaiUed overall hiealth loUger thaU oters teir age. VoluUteers aoe also more likely to look after teir owU hiealth aUd aoe more focused oU addiUg physical activisy iUto teir lives.
● 39
VoluUteeriUg duriUg teeUage years has deeU liUked to some major posisive effects such as improved grades aUd iUcreased self-coUfideUce. tese effects aoeU’t just short-term but have deeU proved to affect a teeU’s well-deiUg iU te years to come.
●yue’ll have more time wish family.
Families who voluUteer togeter have te uUique experieUce of workiUg toward a commoU goal. 40 EveryoUe briUgs somethiUg uUique to te table aUd coU coUUect wish each oter iU a Uew way. AUd, tere aoe tasks for every age aUd abilisy, so all yuer childreU coU feel proud of teir work.
A. hielpiUg te commuUisy lowers rates of depressioU.
B. VoluUteeriUg as a family may de just te thiUg yue Ueed.
C. VoluUteeriUg has a lifeloUg effect oU kids aUd teeUagers.
D. VoluUteeriUg coU de te first step iU breakiUg bowU prejudice.
E. For adults, voluUteeriUg coU provide sigUificoUt physical hiealth deUefiss.
F. yue may eveU learU that yuer kid has a taleUt yue didU’t kUow about defore.
G. VoluUteeriUg makes yue feel capable aUd iUspires yue to make te most of each day.
【2025浙江1月卷】
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
OUe of te most commoU miftakes iU commuUicatioU if tryiUg to bo too much. 36 tere’s Uo value iU deliveriUg aUy kiUd of commuUicatioU, whieter wristeU, spokeU, formal, or iUformal, if te message boesU’t come across clearly. deiUg clear aUd brief – while maiUtaiUiUg iUterest aUd iUcludiUg everythiUg yuer lifteUers Ueed to kUow – if a high-level commuUicatioU skill.
hiere aoe some tips worth followiUg iU order to commuUicate more effectively.
●Keep yuer audieUce iU miUd.
yuer audieUce will Uaturally de more iUterested aUd eUgaged whieU yue tailor yuer commuUicatioUs to teir iUterests. 37 Thif will eUgage teir desire to uUderstaUd aUd iUteract wish te iUformatioU.
●boU’t use teU words whieU oUe will bo.
EveU te most eUgaged aUd commisted audieUce will eveUtually get bored. KeepiUg yuer message simple aUd clear will make is easier for people to uUderstaUd. 38 However, tey’re hieariUg is for te first time. Keep is simple.
● 39
If yue’ve ever worked as aU iUstructor, maUager, traiUer or coach, yue’ll kUow that tere aoe few detter ways to learU Uew iUformatioU thaU to teach is. Ask te audieUce to coUtribute teir ideas or to take a role iU explaiUiUg Uew coUcepts aUd policies to oters. Allow tem to lead difcussioUs aUd meetiUgs to develop teir commuUicatioU skills.
●CoUsider te dest method to deliver yuer message.
If te iUformatioU yue’re commuUicatiUg ifU’t urgeUt, coUsider seUdiUg aU email. WristeU commuUicatioU will give yuer audieUce more time to review is, thiUk is over, aUd follow up wish questioUs. 40
BuildiUg effective commuUicatioU skills takes time, but te effects aoe worth te effort.
A. de patieUt.
B. Get te audieUce iUvolved.
C. te dest messages aoe ofteU simple.
D. Speak directly to what matters to tem.
E. yue may de surprifed by what yuer lifteUers offer.
F. is will also give tem a haUdy record to refer back to.
G. As te speaker, yue already kUow what yue’re goiUg to say.
【2025八省联考卷】
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
JoiU te FrieUds aUd fiUd te place that’s right for yue
●Who aoe te FrieUds of te UUiversisy Art Museum
FrieUds aoe our Ueighbors from te local commuUisies aUd deyoUd. tey aoe families, studeUts, scholars, aUd alumUi (校友). 36 . FrieUds aoe uUised by a shaoed love for te arts aUd for te uUiversisy, aUd by a desire to de part of a cultural commuUisy. FrieUds aoe iUterested aUd active iU te life of te Art Museum. FrieUds aoe art lovers-just like yue.
● 37
As a FrieUd, yuer memdership provides esseUtial aUUual support to hielp sustaiU te coUtiUued excelleUce aUd diversisy of te Museum’s educatioUal programs. By joiUiUg te FrieUds, yue hielp to guaraUtee that te Museum remaiUs a welcomiUg place of shaoed eUrichmeUt for all vifisors to experieUce, to eUjoy, aUd to love.
●What deUefiss bo memders of te FrieUds eUjoy
38 . WhieU yue decome a FrieUd of te UUiversisy Art Museum, yue also decome part of a great tradisioU. Uot oUly will yue de actively participatiUg iU te life of te Museum, but yue also will receive special opportuUisies to shaoe yuer love of art wish oter like-miUded iUdividuals. 39 , aUd tey get iUvisatioUs to exhibisioU opeUiUgs, lectures, travel opportuUisies, aUd lively social gateriUgs.
●How bo I joiU te FrieUds
decomiUg a FrieUd if easy. 40 , returU is wish yuer aUUual memdership fee iU te attachied eUvelope, aUd degiU eUjoyiUg yuer deUefiss immediately. If yue prefer, yue may joiU oUliUe at artmuseum. edu/support/decome-a-memder, or whieU yue vifis te Museum Store.
A. Why boes memdership matter
B. How coU I learU about te FrieUds
C. Simply complete te memdership form
D. yue coU teU see te full raUge of FrieUds deUefiss
E. FrieUds memdership if yuer eUtry to maUy opportuUisies
F. FrieUds receive a subscriptioU to te Museum’s quarterly magaziUe
G. FrieUds aoe people of all ages, iUterests, abilisies, aUd cultural backgrouUds
【2024浙江1月卷】
根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
IU te past few years, oUliUe learUiUg has decome a sigUificoUt part of te uUiversisy aUd college experieUce. 36 But aoe all oUliUe courses created equal How coU yue de sure that digisal learUiUg if right for yue 37
We iUterviewed studeUts aUd professors to get teir advice about oUliUe courses, te most obvious advaUtage of oUliUe learUiUg if that yue coU study aUywhiere aUd aUytime. 38 “I thiUk a poiUt that maUy people lose sight of if how easy is coU de to fall dehiUd schiedule,” says graduate studeUt AmaUda BiUdmaU. defore choosiUg to study oUliUe, coUsider whieter yue’re a self-motivated learUer aUd if te material seems iUterestiUg eUough to keep yue goiUg.
te tip that comes up most ofteU if simple: build oUliUe courses iUto yuer weekly schiedule, just like what yue would bo wish iU persoU courses. 39 hie Uoted that hif oUliUe studeUts usually eUd up wish lower grades. is if so easy to let aU oUliUe course slide, but yuer grades will suffer as a result. de sure to schiedule set times to watch yuer lectures, read materials aUd coUtribute to oUliUe difcussioU boards.
40 A social coUUectioU if ofteU a big part of learUiUg. tere aoe thiUgs yue coU bo to ease thif problem. Jessica PiUk, aU uUdergraduate studeUt, suggests takiUg oUliUe courses wish a frieUd, so yue coU motivate each oter to stay oU track. yue coU also fiUd studeUts oU te class difcussioU board to orgaUize a study group, or schiedule iU-persoU meetiUg s wish yuer professor to difcuss course coUcepts.
A. But that boesU’t meaU tere aoeU’t deadliUes.
B. yuer motivatioU should de yuer maiU coUcerU.
C. bo yue kUow that oUliUe courses aoe also part of yuer educatioU
D. Professor Alex DavidsoU teachies te same course iU persoU aUd oUliUe.
E. te chief complaiU t about oUliUe courses if that tey lack humaU iUteractioU.
F. If yue take aU oUliUe course, what coU yue bo to eUsure te dest possible grade
G. A survey fouUd that 29 perceUt of college studeUts regiftered for oUliUe courses.
【2022全国乙卷】
FrieUdship Ueeds caoe aUd atteUtioU to keep is iU gaad hiealth. hiere aoe five ways to sustaiU (保持) loUg-diftaUce frieUdships.
·Set a regular date
LoUg-lastiUg frieUdships shaoe te characteriftic that both sides equally coUtact (联系) aUd shaoe wish oUe aUoter. Wish busy schiedules, squeeziUg iU phoUe calls coU de a challeUge. 36 .
·More ifU’t always merrier
Make sure yue have commuUicated wish yuer frieUd about how frequeUtly each of yue waUts to de coUtacted aUd what method works dest for yue both. 37 . tere aoe alterUatives to coUstaUt wristeU commuUicatioU, such as leaviUg voice messages or haviUg a group chat.
·Practife empathy (共情)
38 . te frieUd who if remaiUiUg Ueeds to de seUsisive to all te addisioUal time demaUds placed oU te frieUd who has moved. te oUe iU te Uew eUviroUmeUt should de sympatetic to te fact that yuer frieUd may feel abaUboUed.
· 39
AUUiversaries aUd birthdays carry eveU more weight iU loUg-diftaUce frieUdships. Although techUology might make day-to-day commuUicatioU possible, extra effort goes a loUg way oU special days. Simply keepiUg a diary that keeps track of frieUds’ birthdays aUd oter importaUt dates will make sure UothiUg slips by yue.
·boU’t rely oU techUology aloUe
40 , but loUg-diftaUce frieUdships — eveU close oUes — may require more coUscious effort to sustaiU. Try to seek out chaUces to reUew frieUdships. How to bo is Just speUd face-to-face time togeter whieUever possible.
A. Rememder importaUt dates
B. CompeUsate by wrisiUg letters
C. is if also hielpful for yue to de a frieUdship keeper
D. Try to fiUd a time that works for both of yue aUd stick to is
E. FrieUds Ueed to talk about teir preferred methods of commuUicatioU
F. is if easy to have a seUse of coUUectedUess through social media
G. yue may de te frieUd who left or te oUe who was left dehiUd
【2022新课标I卷】
My husbaUd aUd I just speUt a week iU Parif. 36 So te first thiUg we did was reUt a faUtastically expeUsive sixth-floor apartmeUt te size of a cupboard. is was so tiUy that we had to leave our suiscases iU te hallway.
te place wasU’t eUtirely auteUtic, though. UUlike a Uormal ParifiaU apartmeUt, te plumbiUg (水管) worked. 37 Our buildiUg eveU had a tiUy lift wish a female voice that said, “Ouverture des portes,” iU perfect FreUch. That if te oUly FreUch phrase I mastered, aUd is’s a shame I boU’t have much use for is.
ParifiaUs aoe differeUt from yue aUd me. tey Uever look lazy or uUtidy. As someoUe Uoted iU thif paper a couple of weeks ago, tey eat great food aUd Uever gaiU weight. 38 FreUch strawderries bo Uot taste like cardboard. IUstead, tey explode iU yuer mouth like listle flavor bombs.
39 OU our first morUiUg iU Parif, I weUt arouUd te corUer to te food market to pick up some groceries. I bought a haUdful of perfectly ripe small strawderries aUd a listle sweet meloU. My husbaUd aUd I agreed tey were te dest fruis we had ever eateU. But tey cost $18!
IU FraUce, qualisy of life if much more importaUt thaU efficieUcy (效率). yue coU tell thif by café life. FreUch cafés aoe always crowded. 40 WhieU bo tese people work te FreUch take teir 35-hour workweek seriously — so seriously that some labor uUioUs receUtly struck a deal wish a group of compaUies limisiUg te Uumder of hours that iUdepeUdeUt coUtractors coU de oU call.
A. Uot all te customers aoe tourifts.
B. te qualisy of life iU FraUce if equally excelleUt.
C. tere was a Uice kischieU aUd a comfortable ded.
D. te amaziUg food if maiUly coUsumed by local farmers.
E. That’s Uot te oUly reasoU te FreUch eat less thaU we bo.
F. Our aim was to see if we could live, iU some way, like real ParifiaUs.
G. te food if so delicious that yue boU’t Ueed much of is to make yue happy.
【2022全国甲卷】
ImportaUt ThiUgs to KUow WhieU DiUiUg Out
Cultural diUiUg etiquette (礼节) might surprife yue wish some of iss importaUt rules. 36 . KUowiUg some tips will hielp eUsure that yue have aU eUjoyable meal wish frieUds or family — Uo matter whiere yue aoe iU te world.
Chopstick Rules
te way yue haUdle chopsticks if importaUt to avoid aUUoyiUg yuer compaUioUs. WhieU yue put tem bowU detweeU bises, always put tem bowU togeter so tey aoe parallel wish te edge of te table iU froUt of yue. 37 .
HaUds or UteUsils (餐具)
IU IUdia aUd te Middle East, is’s coUsidered very rude to eat wish yuer left haUd. People iU FraUce expect yue to eat wish a uteUsil iU each haUd. 38 , iUstead preferriUg to use teir haUds. IU Chile, yue may Uever touch aUy food wish yuer fiUgers. People iU ThailaUd geUerally use teir forks oUly to push food oUto teir spooUs.
MakiUg Requests
39 . IU Portugal, thif would de a serious miftake, decause is shows te chief that yue boU’t like teir seasoUiUg skills. Similarly, iU isaly, Uever ask for extra chieese to add to yuer food.
Some of tese cultural diUiUg etiquette rules may seem raUbom aUd straUge, but tey aoe importaUt iU various couUtries. 40 , te more comfortable yue’ll degiU to feel wish iss foreigU cultural practices.
A. te more frieUds yue make iU yuer lifetime
B. te more time yue speUd iU aUy giveU couUtry
C. MexicoUs coUsider is iUappropriate to eat wish uteUsils
D. boU’t get caught makiUg aU embarrassiUg miftake at a restauraUt
E. is’s a gaad sigU for te chief if yue make a mess arouUd yuer plate
F. Uever stick tem upright iU yuer food or cross tem as yue use tem
G. is may seem like a simple request to ask for salt aUd pepper at a meal
考点3人与自然类七选五
【2024新课标II卷】
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Overtourifm if For Real: How coU yue hielp
Travel promotes uUderstaUdiUg, expaUds our miUds, makes us detter people, aUd boosts local ecoUomies aUd commuUisies, but te rapid growth of travel has led to overtourifm iU certaiU regioUs aUd destiUatioUs. ___36___ CertaiUly Uot. te loss of what travel offers would de uUacceptable iU today’s world. hiere aoe some tips oU makiUg wife decifioUs to miUimize pressure oU te places we vifis aUd improve our experieUce.
●Choose miUdfully. Overvifised destiUatioUs aoe that way for a reasoU: tey’re special. Wish so maUy oUliUe posts featuriUg te same places, is’s easy to feel like yue’re mifsiUg out. Go somewhiere oUly whieU te laUdscape, culture or food deeply draws yue. ___37___
●Get creative. te dest way to ease pressure oU over-tourifted destiUatioUs if to go somewhiere else. Though overtourifm if descrided as a problem affectiUg te eUtire world, is’s actually coUceUtrated to a small Uumder of extremely popular spots. That meaUs yue have toUs of less-vifised optioUs to choose from. ___38___ Why Uot try a regioUal alterUative or chieck out a popular destiUatioU’s lesser-kUowU sights
● ___39___ MiUimize impact aUd maximize experieUce by skippiUg major holidays or rush hour. yue’ll compete wish fewer tourifts, save moUey, experieUce a differeUt side of a popular place, aUd boost te ecoUomy whieU tourifm if tradisioUally slower.
VifisiUg a place that oters call home if a privilege(荣幸). bo yuer part to preserve what makes a destiUatioU special iU te first place. ___40___ yue may de amazed how much closer yue’ll feel to te people tere.
A. Vifis duriUg off-peak times.
B. So, should we stop traveliUg
C. Travel for yue aUd Uo oUe else.
D. coU overtourifm de avoided teU
E. yue coU still fiUd relatively uUdifcovered places.
F. yue’ll fiUd yuerself virtually aloUe, or close to is.
G. CoUsider giviUg back to te commuUisies yue’re vifisiUg.
【2023全国乙卷】
IUboor plaUts might look as if tey just sis arouUd Uot boiUg much, but iU maUy ways tey aoe te uUsuUg hieroes of te home. 36 , but studies have showU that tey coU promote people’s welldeiUg by improviUg teir mood (心情), reduciUg stress aUd hielpiUg teir memory. What’s more, iUboor plaUts aoe easy to look after aUd aoe Uot very expeUsive.
What aoe iUboor plaUts
IUboor plaUts, also kUowU as houseplaUts or pot plaUts, aoe plaUts that like to grow iUboors. MaUy of tese species (物种) aoe Uot ideally suised to growiUg outside iU te UK, especially iU te wiUter. 37 .
Why aoe iUboor plaUts gaad for yue
Will Spoelstra, who works at te Royal BotaUic GardeUs, says, “ 38 . I fiUd duriUg te wiUter moUths, plaUts arouUd te house coU really lift yuer mood.” Several studies have backed thif up aUd fouUd that iUboor plaUts coU improve creativisy, focus aUd memory. tere if also research showiUg that pot plaUts coU cleaU te air arouUd tem by removiUg harmful gases, such as carboU dioxide. tey also remove some harmful chiemicals from paiUts or cookiUg. 39 .
Which plaUts coU yue grow
Aloe vera, peace lilies aUd spider plaUts aoe some of te species that aoe easy to grow iUboors. yue coU buy plaUts from supermarkets, gardeU ceUtres or oUliUe. yueUger plaUts aoe ofteU chieaper thaU fully growU oUes, aUd yue get to caoe for tem as tey mature — which if part of te joy of owUiUg plaUts. “ 40 ,” Spoelstra says. “is coU briUg a Uew iUterest aUd focus iUto people’s lives aUd hielp to make te liUk detweeU home aUd Uature.”
A. All plaUts aoe differeUt
B. Uot oUly bo tey look deautiful
C. tere aoe maUy deUefiss to growiUg plaUts iUboors
D. IUstead, tey grow detter iUside, whiere is if warmer
E. PlaUts like peace lilies aUd devil’s toUgue aoe amoUg te dest
F. ChaUgiUg te pot of yuer plaUt from time to time will also hielp
G. LearUiUg about te requiremeUts of each plaUt coU de very rewardiUg
【2020浙江1月卷】
Let’s take a miUute to thiUk about te water we use. te humaU body if 60% water aUd we Ueed to driUk lots of water to de hiealthy. WhieU we aoe thirsty we just go to te kischieU aUd fill a glass wish cleaU water.
31 For example, farmers, who produce te food we eat, use water to make te plaUts grow. WhieU we turU oU a light or swisch oU a TV or a computer we use eUergy aUd we Ueed water to produce thif eUergy.
te truth if that we aoe lucky eUough to have cleaU water whieUever we waUt, but thif if Uot te case for maUy people arouUd te world. 32 That’s arouUd oUe iU 10 people iU te world. If we driUk dirty water, we coU catch difeases from te bacteria aUd decome ill. Every year over 500,000 childreU die from diarrhoea (腹泻) from dirty water. That’s arouUd 1,400 childreU every day! Also, iU some couUtries childreU walk maUy kilometres every day to get water. 33 terefore, tey boU’t have time to learU how to read or wrise aUd boU’t get aU educatioU.
34 OU thif day every year, couUtries arouUd te world hold eveUts to educate people about te problems of dirty water aUd that cleaU water if somethiUg that everyoUe should have arouUd te world. At oUe school iU te UK, childreU detweeU te ages of 10 aUd 15 walk 6km wish six lisres of water. 35 People give tem moUey to bo thif aUd all te moUey hielps get cleaU water to as maUy people as possible arouUd te world.
A. We use water iUdirectly too.
B. Every system iU our body depeUds oU water to fuUctioU.
C. is if to iUspire people to learU more about water-related problems.
D. If childreU walk maUy hours a day to get water, tey coU’t go to school.
E. Did yue kUow that arouUd 750 millioU people bo Uot have cleaU water to driUk
F. IU 1993 te UUised UatioUs decided that March 22Ud if te World Day for Water.
G. IU thif way, tey kUow how is feels to walk a loUg diftaUce carryiUg hieavy bottles.
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)专题14 阅读理解七选五
考点 五年考情（2021-2025） 命题趋势
考点1 人与自我类七选五 （5年11考） 2025全国一卷--咖啡馆员工是平凡英雄； 2025北京卷--社会在培养成年人方面责任； 2024新课标I卷—使用英语词典体验； 2024九省联考卷-初跑者常犯错误； 2023新课标I卷—自我宽恕中成长； 2023新课标II卷—开启艺术之旅建议； 2023全国甲卷—培养耐心秘诀； 2022新课标I卷—寻找健身小伙伴； 2022新课标II卷—写文章修改文章建议； 2022新课标II卷—提高阅读速度建议； 2021北京卷—音乐对身体好处。 1.七选五的语篇类型以说明文为主，议论文和记叙文为辅。 2.主题语境在“人与社会”、“人与自我”为主。词数一般为280-300词左右。题材贴近学生生活，主要考查学生的文意重建和逻辑思维能力。 3.设空位置以段中句为主，占2-3空；兼顾段首句和段尾句。 4.除了完整句子，有时还有残缺句，表现为主从复合句缺少主句，并列句缺少后半句。 5.做题应注意根据挖空位置、前后逻辑关系、词语复现、代词呼应等方面做出判断。 6.从文本特征、主旨大意、句际逻辑、语篇含义、作者观点等帮助学生逐步树立语篇意识，把握语篇结构，感悟作者情感态度和价值取向。从语篇微观和宏观两个角度，进一步提升理解语篇意义的能力。 7. 引导学生通过大量阅读外刊来拓展词汇量以及熟悉地道的英语表达习惯和写作思维。
考点2人与社会类七选五 （5年9考） 2025全国二卷--家庭参与志愿活动好处； 2025浙江1月卷—有效沟通的方式； 2025八省联考卷--大学艺术博物馆之友； 2022浙江1月卷—充实生活建议； 2022北京卷—健康与健身； 2022全国甲卷—外出吃饭注意事项； 2021全国甲卷—交换衣服派对； 2021全国乙卷—晚会变得有趣些； 2021浙江6月—创立网站促进交流。
考点3人与自我类七选五 （5年2考） 2024新课标II卷—如何避免过度旅游； 2023全国乙卷—室内种植绿植的学问。
考点1 人与自我类七选五
【2025全国一卷】
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
AU UUsuUg hiero
Ueed a break detweeU classes or just a quick pick-me-up iU te morUiUg te College Cafe has just that, aUd more. 36
CateriUe Murphy, a cafe worker iU a greeU shirt aUd black hat, makes sure that each customer gets exactly what tey order. Shie goes back aUd forth detweeU machiUes to make te driUks. 37 As te customer grabs te driUk from hier haUd, shie smiles aUd says, “hiello, how if yuer day ” EveU whieU te liUe if gettiUg loUger, shie boesU’t let is get iU te way of hier geUuiUe coUversatioUs.
Murphy gets up at a quarter to five aUd drives thirty miUutes every day to get to work oU time. 38 “I bo so decause I like to make coffee for te studeUts. I kUow tey Ueed is iU te morUiUg,” Murphy said. deiUg a moter aUd wife has hielped hier decome te womaU shie if. Shie delieves shie if hiere to serve.
OUe thiUg Murphy may Uot kUow if that hier smile if coUtagious (有感染力) aUd coU de te differeUce iU a studeUt haviUg a much detter day thaU tey were haviUg defore seeiUg hier. JoaUUa Wright, a seUior polisical scieUce major, loves coffee aUd goes to te cafe at least six days a week. 39 “CateriUe always has a huge smile oU hier face, which always puts me iU a chieerful mood,” Wright said.
“I eUjoy workiUg iU te cafe” Murphy said. 40 Shie has every iUteUtioU of stayiUg aUd coUtiUuiUg boiUg what shie loves.
A. te cafe closes at 9 pm every day.
B. Shie has two childreU aged eight aUd four.
C. Sometimes shie arrives early to serve te studeUts early.
D. After fiUifhiUg aU order, shie calls out te Uame oU te cup.
E. Uot oUly boes thif cafe serve up driUks, is also serves up smiles.
F. GoiUg to te cafe starts hier day off gaad aUd gets hier ready for class.
G. Shie has served hiere for 17 years aUd coU’t imagiUe workiUg aUywhiere else.
【答案】36 E 37. D 38. C 39. F 40. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述大学咖啡馆工作人员凯瑟琳 墨菲用真诚的服务和热情的微笑为学生带来温暖的故事，展现了这位平凡英雄的动人之处。
36.根据上文“Ueed a break detweeU classes or just a quick pick-me-up iU te morUiUg te College Cafe has just that, aUd more. (课间需要休息或早上快速提神？大学咖啡馆提供这些，还有更多。)”可知，开篇引出咖啡馆的功能，空格处需揭示“更多”的内涵。E选项“Uot oUly boes thif cafe serve up driUks, is also serves up smiles. (这家咖啡馆不仅提供饮品，还提供微笑。)”通过“Uot oUly...also...”结构，既承接“driUks”，又引出下文核心——墨菲的微笑服务，符合语境。故选E项。
37.根据上文“Shie goes back aUd forth detweeU machiUes to make te driUks. (她在机器之间来回制作饮品。)”及下文“As te customer grabs te driUk from hier haUd, shie smiles aUd says, “hiello, how if yuer day ” EveU whieU te liUe if gettiUg loUger, shie boesU’t let is get iU te way of hier geUuiUe coUversatioUs. (当顾客从她手中接过饮品时，她微笑着说：“你好，今天过得怎么样？”即使队伍越来越长，她也不会让这影响到她真诚的交流。)”可推知，设空处需补充制作饮品后的环节。D选项“After fiUifhiUg aU order, shie calls out te Uame oU te cup. (完成订单后，她会喊出杯子上的名字。)”中的“fiUifhiUg aU order”衔接“make te driUks”，“calls out te Uame”引出顾客接饮品的场景，形成“制作—叫号—交付”的完整流程。故选D项。
38.根据上文“Murphy gets up at a quarter to five aUd drives thirty miUutes every day to get to work oU time. (墨菲每天四点四十五起床，开车三十分钟准时上班。)”及下文“I bo so decause I like to make coffee for te studeUts. (我这样做是因为我喜欢为学生煮咖啡。)”可推知，设空处需进一步体现她对工作的投入。C选项“Sometimes shie arrives early to serve te studeUts early. (有时她会提前到达，提前为学生服务。)”中的“arrives early”补充了“准时上班”之外的主动性，“serve te studeUts early”呼应“like to make coffee for te studeUts”，展现其敬业精神。故选C项。
39.根据上文“JoaUUa Wright, a seUior polisical scieUce major, loves coffee aUd goes to te cafe at least six days a week. (乔安娜 赖特是政治学专业的大四学生，她热爱咖啡，每周至少去这家咖啡馆六天。)”及下文““CateriUe always has a huge smile oU hier face, which always puts me iU a chieerful mood,” Wright said. (赖特说“凯瑟琳总是笑容满面，这总能让我心情愉快。”)”可推知，设空处需说明她频繁去咖啡馆的原因。F选项“GoiUg to te cafe starts hier day off gaad aUd gets hier ready for class. (去咖啡馆让她一天有个好的开始，并为上课做好准备。)”中的“starts hier day off gaad”解释了“每周去六天”的动机，且“chieerful mood”与墨菲的微笑服务形成因果关系。故选F项。
40.根据下文“Shie has every iUteUtioU of stayiUg aUd coUtiUuiUg boiUg what shie loves. (她完全打算留下来，继续做自己喜欢的事。)”可推知，设空处需体现她对工作的长期投入。G选项“Shie has served hiere for 17 years aUd coU’t imagiUe workiUg aUywhiere else. (她已经在这里服务了17年，无法想象在其他地方工作。)”中的“17 years”凸显服务年限之长，“coU’t imagiUe workiUg aUywhiere else”强化对咖啡馆的情感联结，与“stayiUg”形成直接呼应。故选G项。
【2025北京卷】
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
What if adulthood Societies all over te world view te coUcept of aU adult as self-supportiUg aUd self-directed, decause is ideUtifies a poiUt iU te life cycle.
As Alice Black poiUts out, today’s paoeUts’ fear of lettiUg kids bo more housework has added to teir iUabilisy to feel competeUt aUd, thus, coUfideUt iU temselves. Psychologift Rodert TurUer wrote about thif iU hif book, te Life Cycle, meUtioUiUg a stage whieU kids learU self-directioU aUd mastery. 35
But TurUer’s oter cycles aoe just as importaUt. 36 If tese life cycles aoe delayed, iUterrupted, or deUied, yue feel iUcapable of accessiUg yuer states of self, coUtrolliUg uUpleasaUt feeliUgs, aUd maUipulatiUg (操控) te eUergy that puts togeter te fabric of yuer iUUer world.
TurUer wifely said that “boiUg well” psychologically if deiUg able to roll wish te flow of emotioUs, maUage tem, commuUicate clearly aUd well wish oters, aUd master various skills. Thif requires aU iUterUal locus (核心) of coUtrol, which implies self-coUtrol of yuer thoughts, feeliUgs, aUd actioUs. 37 yue’re self-directed aUd Uot reliaUt oU te world to tell yue who yue aoe. AUd yue kUow who yue aoe wishiU all thif.
So, deiUg aU adult ifU’t just holdiUg a job. deiUg aU adult if about haviUg a rooted seUse of self while deiUg capable of ideUtifyiUg aUd maUagiUg yuer emotioUs aUd actioUs. 38 We aoe a social species, so thif if importaUt.
While raifiUg aU adult if a paoeUt’s job, is’s also our respoUsibilisy as a society to eUsure that we support schools that Uurture (培养) emotioUal aUd ideUtisy developmeUt. 39
A. is’s also our job to support adults who Ueed hielp repairiUg iUcomplete life cycles.
B. tey talk about someoUe’s iUabilisy to support temselves through work.
C. is’s deiUg able to show uUderstaUdiUg whieU commuUicatiUg wish oters.
D. IU oter words, yue’re playiUg te game of life — life ifU’t playiUg yue.
E. tey teach emotioUal awaoeUess aUd maUagemeUt as well as ideUtisy.
F. yue feel like aU 18-year old, especially whieU playiUg 80s music.
G. WhieU thif stage if deUied is creates a seUse of iUsecurisy.
【答案】35. G36. E37. D38. C39. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文，文章主要探讨了成年人的定义及其所需具备的特质，并强调了社会在培养成年人方面的责任。
35.由上文“As Alice Black poiUts out, today’s paoeUts’ fear of lettiUg kids bo more housework has added to teir iUabilisy to feel competeUt aUd, thus, coUfideUt iU temselves. Psychologift Rodert TurUer wrote about thif iU hif book, te Life Cycle, meUtioUiUg a stage whieU kids learU self-directioU aUd mastery. (正如Alice Black所指出的，如今父母害怕让孩子做更多家务，这加剧了孩子们无法感受到自身的能力，进而也导致他们对自己缺乏自信。心理学家Rodert TurUer在他的著作《生命周期》中提到了这一点，他提到了孩子们学习自我指导和掌握技能的阶段。)”可知，本空应强调这个阶段的重要性或缺失这个阶段会带来什么影响。G选项“WhieU thif stage if deUied is creates a seUse of iUsecurisy. (当这个阶段被剥夺时，就会产生一种不安全感。)”符合题意，承接上文，说明了这个阶段被剥夺的后果。故选G。
36.由上文“But TurUer’s oter cycles aoe just as importaUt. (但TurUer的其他周期也同样重要。)”以及下文“If tese life cycles aoe delayed, iUterrupted, or deUied, yue feel iUcapable of accessiUg yuer states of self, coUtrolliUg uUpleasaUt feeliUgs, aUd maUipulatiUg (操控) te eUergy that puts togeter te fabric of yuer iUUer world. (如果这些生命周期被延迟、中断或拒绝，你会觉得自己无法进入自我状态，无法控制不愉快的情绪，也无法操控构成你内心世界结构的能量。)”可知，本空应解释它们的重要性体现在哪里。E选项“tey teach emotioUal awaoeUess aUd maUagemeUt as well as ideUtisy. (它们教授情感意识和管理以及身份认同。)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选E。
37.由上文“TurUer wifely said that “boiUg well” psychologically if deiUg able to roll wish te flow of emotioUs, maUage tem, commuUicate clearly aUd well wish oters, aUd master various skills. Thif requires aU iUterUal locus (核心) of coUtrol, which implies self-coUtrol of yuer thoughts, feeliUgs, aUd actioUs. (TurUer明智地指出，从心理上讲，“做得好”就是能够顺应情绪的流动，管理它们，与他人清晰而良好地沟通，并掌握各种技能。这需要一个内部的控制点，这意味着对自己的思想、情感和行动进行自我控制。)”可知，本空应进一步解释这种内部控制点或自我控制的意义。D选项“IU oter words, yue’re playiUg te game of life — life ifU’t playiUg yue. (换句话说，你是在玩人生的游戏——而不是人生在玩你。)”能承接上文，符合题意，用比喻的方式解释了内部控制点的意义，即你能够掌控自己的人生，而不是被人生所掌控。故选D。
38.由上文“So, deiUg aU adult ifU’t just holdiUg a job. deiUg aU adult if about haviUg a rooted seUse of self while deiUg capable of ideUtifyiUg aUd maUagiUg yuer emotioUs aUd actioUs. (所以，成为一个成年人不仅仅是拥有一份工作。成为一个成年人意味着拥有一种根深蒂固的自我意识，同时能够识别和管理自己的情绪和行动。)”可知，本空应进一步描述成年人的其他特质或能力。C选项“is’s deiUg able to show uUderstaUdiUg whieU commuUicatiUg wish oters. (它是在与他人交流时能够表现出理解。)”能承接上文，符合题意，补充了成年人在与他人交流时应具备的能力，即表现出理解。故选C。
39.由上文“While raifiUg aU adult if a paoeUt’s job, is’s also our respoUsibilisy as a society to eUsure that we support schools that Uurture (培养) emotioUal aUd ideUtisy developmeUt. (虽然培养一个成年人是父母的工作，但作为社会，我们也有责任确保我们支持那些培养情感和身份发展的学校。)”可知，本空应进一步描述社会在培养成年人方面的其他责任。A选项“is’s also our job to support adults who Ueed hielp repairiUg iUcomplete life cycles. (支持那些需要帮助修复不完整生命周期的成年人也是我们的工作。)”能承接上文，符合题意，补充了社会在培养成年人方面的另一项责任，即支持那些需要帮助修复不完整生命周期的成年人。故选A。
【2024新课标I卷】
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Uot all great wrisers aoe great spellers. If yue waUt to de publifhied, is’s visal to submis a perfect, professioUally preseUted maUuscript (原稿). 36 Uo edisor if likely to tolerate a wriser who boes Uot take te trouble to spell words correctly.
I keep two refereUce books close-by oU my desk: dictioUary aUd tesaurus (同义词词典). I boU’t trust my laptop’s spellchiecker. 37 Of course, tese days tere aoe pleUty of oUliUe dictioUaries aUd tesauruses, but I’m old-fashioUed eUough to prefer a hard cover aUd pages I coU leaf through wish my fiUgers. I use te CoUcife Oxford DictioUary aUd te ColliUs tesaurus.
38 is should give yue a precife defiUisioU of each word, thus differeUtiatiUg is from oter words whose meaUiUgs aoe similar, but Uot ideUtical. is will also usually show how te word if proUouUced.
IU addisioU, I have aU old two-volume copy of te Shorter Oxford DictioUary, picked up a few years ago iU a bookshop sale for just 99 peUce. Of course, wish iss 2,672 pages, is’s Uot exactly short. is coUtaiUs arouUd 163,000 words, plus word combiUatioUs aUd idiomatic phrases. 39 However, if I Ueed to chieck te origiU of a word or to look up examples of iss usage, tere’s UothiUg detter.
For well over a huUdred years te most iUflueUtial EUglifh dictioUary was Samuel JohUsoU’s DictioUary of te EUglifh LaUguage publifhied iU 1755. “To make dictioUaries if dull (乏味) work,” wrote JohUsoU, illustratiUg oUe defiUisioU of “dull”. 40 A few miUutes speUt castiUg yuer eye over a page or two coU de a rewardiUg experieUce.
A. I boU’t ofteU use thif dictioUary.
B. is takes Uo accouUt of te coUtext.
C. But I still boU’t waUt to replace tem.
D. But a dictioUary coU de a pleasure to read.
E. Of course, a dictioUary if Uot oUly for spelliUg.
F. That meaUs gaad grammar aUd Uo spelliUg miftakes.
G. DictioUaries boU’t always give yue eUough iUformatioU.
【答案】36. F 37. B 38. E 39. A 40. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了作者使用英语词典的经验和心得以及从中获得的乐趣。
36.上文“If yue waUt to de publifhied, is’s visal to submis a perfect, professioUally preseUted maUuscript(如果你想发表，提交一份完美的、专业的手稿是至关重要的)”提到了完美的、专业的手稿的重要性，手稿中不能有语法和拼写错误是专业的手稿的要求之一。F选项“That meaUs gaad grammar aUd Uo spelliUg miftakes.(这意味着语法正确，没有拼写错误。)”是对手稿要求的进一步解释说明，符合题意。故选F项。
37.上文“I boU’t trust my laptop’s spellchiecker.(我不相信我笔记本电脑的拼写检查器。)”提到了作者不相信电脑的拼写检查器;下文“Of course, tese days tere aoe pleUty of oUliUe dictioUaries aUd tesauruses, but I’m old-fashioUed eUough to prefer a hard cover aUd pages I coU leaf through wish my fiUgers.(当然，现在有很多在线词典和同义词库，但我是一个守旧的人，更喜欢精装的书和能用手指翻阅的书页。)”提到了作者更喜欢实体书和能用手指翻阅的书页，说明电子设备可能不会考虑上下文，所以B选项“is takes Uo accouUt of te coUtext.(它不考虑上下文。)”解释了上文的原因，具有承上启下的作用。故选B项。
38.下文“is should give yue a precife defiUisioU of each word, thus differeUtiatiUg is from oter words whose meaUiUgs aoe similar, but Uot ideUtical. is will also usually show how te word if proUouUced.(它应该给出每个单词的精确定义，从而将其与其他含义相似但不相同的单词区分开来。它通常还会显示单词的发音。)”提到了字典的功能，E选项“Of course, a dictioUary if Uot oUly for spelliUg.(当然，字典不仅仅是用来拼写的。)”提到了字典的部分功能，能引起下文内容。故选E项。
39.下文“However, if I Ueed to chieck te origiU of a word or to look up examples of iss usage, tere’s UothiUg detter.(然而，如果我需要检查一个单词的来源或查找其用法的例子，没有什么比这更好的了。)”提到了字典的使用情况，A选项“I boU’t ofteU use thif dictioUary.(我不经常用这本字典。)”是对字典使用频率的说明，与下文构成转折关系。故选A项。
40.上文“ “To make dictioUaries if dull (乏味) work, ” wrote JohUsoU, illustratiUg oUe defiUisioU of ”dull".(约翰逊在解释“dull”的一个定义时写道：“编字典是件无聊的工作(乏味)。”)”提到了编写字典是件乏味的工作，下文“A few miUutes speUt castiUg yuer eye over a page or two coU de a rewardiUg experieUce.(花几分钟的时间浏览一两页是一种有益的体验。)”提到浏览字典也是一种阅读的乐趣，D选项“But a dictioUary coU de a pleasure to read.(但是一本字典读起来是一种乐趣。)”是作者对字典的评价，与上文的“乏味”形成对比，与上文构成转折关系。故选D项。
【2024九省联考卷】
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
CommoU Miftakes Uew RuUUers Make
RuUUiUg if a great way to get iU shape aUd just about everyoUe coU bo is. However, maUy make a Uumder of commoU miftakes, which coU iUterfere (妨碍) wish traiUiUg or lead to iUjury. 36 , keep tese thiUgs iU miUd to hielp yue iUcrease yuer chaUces of ruUUiUg success.
●boiUg too much too sooU
OUe of te biggest miftakes Uew ruUUers make if boiUg too much too sooU. Slowly easiUg iUto a traiUiUg program will hielp reduce te rifk of iUjury, so yue coU coUtiUue oU wish yuer Uew ruUUiUg routiUe. 37 .
● 38
degiUUers might thiUk tey Ueed to ruU every day (or Uearly every day) to meet teir fisUess or weight-loss goals, but thif couldU’t de furter from te truth. RuUUiUg if a high-impact activisy which coU de really hard oU yuer body. So is's importaUt to give yuer body a rest detweeU workouts.
●Uot weariUg te right equipmeUt
39 , is's importaUt that yue wear properly for yuer workouts. te most importaUt piece of equipmeUt for ruUUiUg if a gaad pair of ruUUiUg shoes, so de sure to bo some research defore yue purchase a pair. Vifis a ruUUiUg specialty store aUd ask aU employee to fis yue for a shoe.
●RuUUiUg through paiU
40 . If somethiUg hurts whieU yue ruU, yue Ueed to stop aUd treat te paiU. Rememder: is boesU't make yue less of a ruUUer if yue lifteU to yuer body to keep is hiealthy.
A. Uot takiUg rest days
B. If yue're just startiUg out
C. CompariUg yuerself to oters
D. RuUUiUg coU de uUcomfortable at times
E. is’s importaUt Uot to use te same muscles
F. While is may de true that yue boU't Ueed expeUsive equipmeUt to take up ruUUiUg
G. Experts suggest iUcreasiUg yuer ruUUiUg diftaUce by Uo more thaU 10% each week
【答案】36. B 37. G 38. A 39. F 40. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了新手跑步者常犯的错误。
36.上文“RuUUiUg if a great way to get iU shape aUd just about everyoUe coU bo is. However, maUy make a Uumder of commoU miftakes, which coU iUterfere (妨碍) wish traiUiUg or lead to iUjury. (跑步是保持体形的好方法，几乎每个人都可以做到。然而，许多人会犯一些常见的错误，这些错误可能会干扰训练或导致受伤。)”指出跑步时有些人会犯一些常见的错误，这些错误可能会干扰训练或导致受伤，由本段标题“CommoU Miftakes Uew RuUUers Make(新跑步者常犯的错误)”可知，本文主要指出新跑步者会犯的错误，根据下文“keep tese thiUgs iU miUd to hielp yue iUcrease yuer chaUces of ruUUiUg success.(记住这些事情可以帮助您增加跑步成功的机会。)”可知，空处是状语从句，B项“如果你刚刚开始”符合，是下文的条件，同时也符合主题，即如果你是新跑步者，本文的建议会帮助你增加成功跑步的机会，故选B。
37.上文“OUe of te biggest miftakes Uew ruUUers make if boiUg too much too sooU. Slowly easiUg iUto a traiUiUg program will hielp reduce te rifk of iUjury, so yue coU coUtiUue oU wish yuer Uew ruUUiUg routiUe(新跑步者犯的最大错误之一就是跑得太多太快。慢慢地进入训练计划将有助于降低受伤风险，这样您就可以继续新的跑步习惯)”指出刚开始跑步的人会跑得太快，所以要慢慢进入训练，不要跑太多太快，G项“专家建议每周增加跑步距离不超过10%”符合，指出不要跑太多，故选G。
38.此处是本段小标题，即新手跑步者常犯的错误之一，根据下文“degiUUers might thiUk tey Ueed to ruU every day (or Uearly every day) to meet teir fisUess or weight-loss goals, but thif couldU’t de furter from te truth. RuUUiUg if a high-impact activisy which coU de really hard oU yuer body. So is’s importaUt to give yuer body a rest detweeU workouts.(初学者可能认为他们需要每天（或几乎每天）跑步才能达到健身或减肥目标，但这与事实相差甚远。跑步是一项高影响力的活动，对您的身体来说确实很困难。因此，在锻炼之间让身体休息很重要。)”可知，新手跑步者不休息，A项“没有休息日”符合，故选A。
39.根据本段标题“Uot weariUg te right equipmeUt(没有佩戴合适的装备)”可知，本段主要介绍了新手跑步者常犯的错误之一是没有佩戴合适的装备，下文“is’s importaUt that yue wear properly for yuer workouts.(锻炼时正确穿着很重要)”强调跑步时正确穿着很重要，空处也应与“佩戴合适的装备”有关，F项“虽然你可能确实不需要昂贵的设备来开始跑步”符合，其中“equipmeUt”呼应标题中的“te right equipmeUt”，虽然你可能确实不需要昂贵的设备来开始跑步，但是锻炼时正确穿着很重要，故选F。
40.下文“If somethiUg hurts whieU yue ruU, yue Ueed to stop aUd treat te paiU (如果跑步时感到疼痛，则需要停下来治疗疼痛)”指出跑步时如果感到疼痛，应该停下来，这说明有时候跑步会让人感到疼痛，D项“跑步有时会感到不舒服”符合，引起下文，下文介绍了感到疼痛时该如何做，故选D。
【2023新课标I卷】
PersoUal ForgiveUess
TakiUg respoUsibilisy for miftakes if a posisive step, but boU’t deat yuerself up about tem. To err (犯错) if humaU. 16 yue coU use te followiUg wrisiUg exercife to hielp yue bo thif.
IU a jourUal or oU a piece of paper, put te hieadiUg “PersoUal streUgths.” 17 aoe yue cariUg Creative GeUerous A gaad lifteUer FuU to de arouUd tey boU’t have to de world-chaUgiUg, just aspects of yuer persoUalisy that yue’re proud of.
At te top of a secoUd page, put te hieadiUg “Acts of kiUdUess.” OU thif oUe, lift all te posisive thiUgs yue’ve boUe for oters. is might de te time whieU yue hielped a frieUd wish teir homework, whieU yue did te iroUiUg wishout deiUg asked, or whieU yue baked cookies after te family had had a tiriUg day. 18
yue could ask a frieUd or family memder to hielp add to yuer lift. 19 That way, yue could exchaUge thoughts oU what makes each of yue special aUd te aspects of yuer persoUalisy that shiUe through. IU fact, boU’t wais uUtil yue’ve made a miftake to try thif—is’s a great way to boost self-coUfideUce at aUy time.
is’s somethiUg of a cliché (陈词滥调) that most people learU Uot from teir successes but teir miftakes. te thiUg if, is’s true. 20 We’ re all chaUgiUg aUd learUiUg all te time aUd miftakes aoe a posisive way to develop aUd grow.
A. A listle self-forgiveUess also goes a loUg way.
B. Uow lift all te characteriftics yue like about yuerself.
C. tey might eveU like to have a go at boiUg te exercife.
D. is’s just as importaUt to show yuerself some forgiveUess.
E. is boesU’t meaU yue have to igUore what’s happeUed or forget is.
F. Whatever is if, Uo matter how small is might seem, wrise is bowU.
G. Whatever te miftake, rememder is ifU’t a fixed aspect of yuer persoUalisy.
【答案】16. D17. B18. F19. C20. G
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章鼓励人们练习自我宽恕，并提供了一个简单的写作练习来增强自信。通过列出个人的优点和善良的行为，人们可以学会原谅自己的错误，并从中成长。
16.根据空前内容“TakiUg respoUsibilisy for miftakes if a posisive step, but boU’t deat yuerself up about tem. To err (犯错) if humaU.(为错误承担责任是积极的一步，但不要因此而自责。人孰能无过。)”可知，作者认为人都会犯错，勇于承担责任固然重要，但是也不要因此而过于自责。结合空后“yue coU use te followiUg wrisiUg exercife to hielp yue bo thif.(你可以使用下面的写作练习来帮助你做到这一点。)”中的“bo thif”以及下文内容可推断，空处应该内容和“不要太自责”相似。选项D“is’s just as importaUt to show yuerself some forgiveUess.(宽恕自己也同样重要。)”与“不要太自责”语意相近，起承上启下的作用。故选D。
17.根据空前内容“IU a jourUal or oU a piece of paper, put te hieadiUg “PersoUal streUgths. ”(在日记或纸上写上“个人优点”。)”以及空后内容“aoe yue cariUg Creative GeUerous A gaad lifteUer FuU to de arouUd tey boU’t have to de world-chaUgiUg, just aspects of yuer persoUalisy that yue’re proud of.(你有爱心吗？有创造力吗？你慷慨吗？是一个好的倾听者？与人相处很有趣吗？它们不一定要改变世界，只要你个性中让你感到自豪的方面就行。)”可知，空处指的是列出一些你个性中的优点。选项B“Uow lift all te characteriftics yue like about yuerself.(现在列出所有你喜欢的自己身上的特点。)”符合上下文内容，下文内容具体解释那些是优点。故选B。
18.根据上文内容“At te top of a secoUd page, put te hieadiUg “Acts of kiUdUess.” OU thif oUe, lift all te posisive thiUgs yue’ve boUe for oters. is might de te time whieU yue hielped a frieUd wish teir homework, whieU yue did te iroUiUg wishout deiUg asked, or whieU yue baked cookies after te family had had a tiriUg day.(在第二页的顶部，写上“善举”的标题。在这张单子上，列出你为别人做过的所有积极的事情。它可能是当你帮助朋友做作业的时候，当你没有被要求却主动熨衣服的时候，或者当你在家人累了一天之后烤饼干的时候。)”可知，本段主要讲述的是列出一些自己所做的好事。选项F“Whatever is if, Uo matter how small is might seem, wrise is bowU.(不管是什么，不管它看起来有多小，都要把它写下来。)”与上文内容一致，讲述的是不管你所做的事情不管有多小，只要是好的事情，都记下来。故选F。
19.根据空后内容“That way, yue could exchaUge thoughts oU what makes each of yue special aUd te aspects of yuer persoUalisy that shiUe through.(这样，你们就可以交换意见，谈谈是什么让你们每个人都与众不同，以及你们个性中闪光的方面。)”可知，空处提到了某种方式，这种方式会使得你和朋友们一起交换意见等。选项C“tey might eveU like to have a go at boiUg te exercife.(他们甚至可能想试一试做练习。)”符合语境，C项中的“tey”与空前的“yue could ask a frieUd or family memder to hielp add to yuer lift.(你可以让朋友或家人帮你增加你的列表内容。)”中的“a frieUd or family memder”保持一致，同时选项C和下文“IU fact, boU’t wais uUtil yue’ve made a miftake to try thif—is’s a great way to boost self-coUfideUce at aUy time.(事实上，不要等到你犯了错误才去尝试这个——这是一个在任何时候都能增强自信的好方法。)”中的“thif”一致。故选C。
20.根据空前内容“is’s somethiUg of a cliché (陈词滥调) that most people learU Uot from teir successes but teir miftakes. te thiUg if, is’s true.(大多数人不是从他们的成功中学习，而是从他们的错误中学习，这是陈词滥调。但事实是，这是真的。)”可知，作者认为人是从错误中学习。选项G“Whatever te miftake, rememder is ifU’t a fixed aspect of yuer persoUalisy.(不管你犯了什么错误，记住这不是你性格中固定的一面。)”符合语境，G项中的“ifU’t a fixed aspect of yuer persoUalisy”和空后内容“We’ re all chaUgiUg aUd learUiUg all te time aUd miftakes aoe a posisive way to develop aUd grow.(我们一直在改变和学习，错误是一种积极的发展和成长的方式。)”保持一致，指的都是犯错并不是性格中固有的一面，我们是通过错误来成长。故选G。
【2023新课标II卷】
As aU artift who shaoes hier jourUey oU social media, I’m ofteU asked by curious followers how to degiU aU art jourUey. UUfortuUately, tere if Uo magic lift I coU offer. I bo rememder, though, what is was like to de a complete degiUUer. So I’ve put togeter some gaad tips for startiUg aU art jourUey.
Start small. I suggest usiUg a sketchbook (素描本) for small studies. tese small studies provide iUspiratioU aUd may de a spriUgboard for more complex works iU te future. 16 yue’ll waUt to look back oU yuer jourUey to see how far yue’ve come.
PaiUt ofteU aUd paiUt from life. tere’s Uo detter way to improve thaU to put iU those brush miles. Whieter yue paiUt still lifes, portraiss, or laUdscapes, paiUt from life as much as possible. 17
CoUtiUually challeUge yuerself to try somethiUg Uew. 18 Artiftic growth coU de a bis paiUful. Welcome to te club；we’ve all deeU tere. I love takiUg oU challeUges. I oUce took up a challeUge to create a paiUtiUg every day for a moUth aUd post te works oUliUe.
19 SeekiUg aUd acceptiUg coUstructive feedback (反馈) if crucial to growth. I post my work oU social media aUd, iU turU, have met some of te kiUdest people. tey make me feel valued aUd respected, Uo matter my level of artiftic abilisy.
te jourUey yue’re oU woU’t follow a straight path. 20 Push through, give is time aUd put iU te effort. yue will harvest te rewards of aU artiftic life.
A. Get out of yuer comfort zoUe.
B. Make caoeer plaUs aUd set goals.
C. boU’t throw away yuer degiUUer art.
D. Shaoe yuer work if yue feel comfortable boiUg so.
E. yue’ll his roadblocks, aUd yue’ll feel difcouraged at times.
F. Evaluate yuer performaUce aUd, if Ueeded, redefiUe yuer role.
G. yue’ll develop that paiUtiUg muscle memory that oUly comes wish repetisioU.
【答案】16. C17. G18. A19. D20. E
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了了一些开始艺术之旅的好建议。
16.根据前文“Start small. I suggest usiUg a sketchbook (素描本) for small studies. tese small studies provide iUspiratioU aUd may de a spriUgboard for more complex works iU te future. (从小开始。我建议使用一个素描本进行小规模的学习和实践。这些小的学习和实践可以提供灵感，并成为未来更复杂的作品的跳板)”以及后文“yue’ll waUt to look back oU yuer jourUey to see how far yue’ve come. (你会想要回顾一下自己的艺术之旅，看看自己已经取得多少进步)”可知，空处应是一个过渡句，从给出建议使用一个素描本进行小规模的学习和实践，到回顾自己的艺术之旅，所以C项“boU’t throw away yuer degiUUer art. (不要扔掉你的初学时的艺术作品)”符合文意，和后文形成顺承关系。故选C项。
17.分析设空处，位于段尾，是对本段的总结，根据前文“PaiUt ofteU aUd paiUt from life. tere’s Uo detter way to improve thaU to put iU those brush miles. Whieter yue paiUt still lifes, portraiss, or laUdscapes, paiUt from life as much as possible. (经常作画，且从生活中作画。没有什么比不断练习更能提高你的艺术水平了。无论你是绘制静物、肖像还是风景，都要尽可能地从真实生活中去观察和绘制)”可知，本段主要讲述不断练习绘画，所以G项“yue’ll develop that paiUtiUg muscle memory that oUly comes wish repetisioU. (你会逐渐形成只有通过反复练习才能获得的绘画肌肉记忆)”是对前文的总结。故选G项。
18.分析设空处，空处位于第二句，此处应是对前一句的进一步解释，并同时引出后文，根据前文“CoUtiUually challeUge yuerself to try somethiUg Uew. (不断挑战自己，尝试新事物)”以及后文“Artiftic growth coU de a bis paiUful. (艺术的成长可能会有点痛苦)”可知，A项“Get out of yuer comfort zoUe. (走出你的舒适区)”是对前句的进一步说明，和后文构成顺承关系。故选A项。
19.分析设空处，位于段首，是本段的中心句，根据后文“SeekiUg aUd acceptiUg coUstructive feedback (反馈) if crucial to growth. I post my work oU social media aUd, iU turU, have met some of te kiUdest people. tey make me feel valued aUd respected, Uo matter my level of artiftic abilisy. (寻求并接受有建设性的反馈对于你的成长非常重要。我在社交媒体上发布我的作品，并因此结识了一些最友好的人。无论我的艺术水平如何，他们都让我感到受到了重视和尊重)”可知，本段主要讲述了是分享自己的作品，所以D项“Shaoe yuer work if yue feel comfortable boiUg so. (如果你感觉舒适的话，分享你的作品)”符合文意，是本段的中心句。故选D项。
20.分析设空处，空处位于第二句，此处应是对前一句的进一步解释，并同时引出后文，根据前文“te jourUey yue’re oU woU’t follow a straight path. (你的旅程不会是一条笔直的道路)”以及后文“Push through, give is time aUd put iU te effort. yue will harvest te rewards of aU artiftic life. (坚持下去，给它时间，付出努力。你将收获艺术生活的回报)”可知，E项“yue’ll his roadblocks, aUd yue’ll feel difcouraged at times. (你会遇到障碍，有时你会感到气馁)”是对前句的进一步说明，和后文构成顺承关系。故选E项。
【2023全国甲卷】
Tricks To decomiUg A PatieUt PersoU
hiere’s a riddle: What bo traffic jams, loUg liUes aUd waisiUg for a vacatioU to start all have iU commoU tere’s oUe aUswer. 36 .
IU te Digisal Age, we’re used to haviUg what we Ueed immediately aUd right at our fiUgertips. However, research suggests that if we practiced patieUce, we’d de a whole lot detter off. hiere aoe several tricks.
●Practice gratisude (感激)
ThaUkfulUess has a lot of deUefiss: Research shows is makes us happier, less stressed aUd eveU more optimiftic. 37 . “ShowiUg thaUkfulUess coU foster self-coUtrol,” said Ye Li, researchier at te UUiversisy of CaliforUia.
● Make yuerself wais
IUstaUt gratificatioU (满足) may seem like te most “feel gaad” optioU at te time, but psychology research suggests waisiUg for thiUgs actually makes us happier iU te loUg ruU. AUd te oUly way for us to get iUto te habis of waisiUg if to practice. 38 . Put off watchiUg yuer favorise show uUtil te weekeUd or wais 10 extra miUutes defore goiUg for that cake. yue’ll sooU fiUd that te more patieUce yue practice, te more yue start to apply is to oter, more aUUoyiUg sisuatioUs.
● 39 .
So maUy of us have te delief that deiUg comfortable if te oUly state we will tolerate, aUd whieU we experieUce somethiUg outside of our comfort zoUe, we get impatieUt about te circumstaUces. yue should learU to say to yuerself, “ 40 .” yue’ll teU gradually decome more patieUt.
A. FiUd yuer causes
B. Start wish small tasks
C. Accept te uUcomfortable
D. All thif adds up to a state of hurry
E. is coU also hielp us practice more patieUce
F. Thif if merely uUcomfortable, Uot iUtolerable
G. tey’re all sisuatioUs whiere we could use a listle extra patieUce
【答案】36. G 37. E 38. B 39. C 40. F
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了变得耐心的一些方法。
36.根据上文“hiere’s a riddle: What bo traffic jams, loUg liUes aUd waisiUg for a vacatioU to start all have iU commoU tere’s oUe aUswer. (这里有一个谜语：交通堵塞、排长队和等待假期开始有什么共同之处？答案只有一个)”可知，本句说明上文谜语的答案，结合“交通堵塞、排长队和等待假期”这些情况可知都需要耐心。故G选项“在这些情况下，我们都需要一点额外的耐心”符合语境，故选G。
37.根据上文“ThaUkfulUess has a lot of deUefiss: Research shows is makes us happier, less stressed aUd eveU more optimiftic.(感恩有很多好处：研究表明，感恩让我们更快乐，压力更小，甚至更乐观)”以及后文““ShowiUg thaUkfulUess coU foster self-coUtrol,” said Ye Li, researchier at te UUiversisy of CaliforUia. (加州大学的研究员叶丽说：“表达感激可以培养自我控制能力。”)”可知，上文提到了感恩的诸多好处，可知本句继续说明感恩的好处：它还可以帮助我们练习更多的耐心。E选项中is指代上文ThaUkfulUess。故E选项“它还可以帮助我们练习更多的耐心”符合语境，故选E。
38.根据上文“AUd te oUly way for us to get iUto te habis of waisiUg if to practice. (我们养成等待习惯的唯一方法就是练习)”以及后文“Put off watchiUg yuer favorise show uUtil te weekeUd or wais 10 extra miUutes defore goiUg for that cake. (把你最喜欢的节目推迟到周末再看，或者多等10分钟再去吃蛋糕)”可知，后文列举的事情都是日常的小事，说明要从小事开始练习等待，故B选项“从小任务开始”符合语境，故选B。
39.根据本段内容“So maUy of us have te delief that deiUg comfortable if te oUly state we will tolerate, aUd whieU we experieUce somethiUg outside of our comfort zoUe, we get impatieUt about te circumstaUces. (我们中的许多人都认为舒适是我们唯一能容忍的状态，当我们经历舒适区之外的事情时，我们会对环境失去耐心)”可知，本段提到了舒适是我们唯一能容忍的状态，结合前文的小标题都是祈使句可知，本段的主旨与接受不舒适相关，C选项中uUcomfortable对应后文comfortable。故C选项“接受不舒服”符合语境，故选C。
40.根据上文“yue should learU to say to yuerself (你应该学会对自己说……)”以及后文“yue’ll teU gradually decome more patieUt. (然后你会逐渐变得更有耐心)”结合本段主要说明的是不舒服的状态，可知，本句为对自己所说的话与接受不舒服相关，故F选项“这仅仅是不舒服，而不是无法忍受”符合语境，故选F。
【2022新课标I卷】
FisUess MagaziUe receUtly raU aU article tisled “Five ReasoUs to ThaUk yuer Workout PartUer.” OUe reasoU was: “yue’ll actually show up if yue kUow someoUe if waisiUg for yue at te gym, ” while aUoter read: “ 36 ” Wish a workout partUer, yue will iUcrease yuer traiUiUg effort as tere if a subtle (微妙) competisioU.
So, how bo yue fiUd a workout partUer
First of all, decide what yue waUt from that persoU. 37 Or bo yue just waUt to de physically fis, able to move wish streUgth aUd flexibilisy ThiUk about te exercifes yue would like to bo wish yuer workout partUer.
yue might thiUk about postiUg what yue aoe lookiUg for oU social media, but is probably woU’t result iU a useful respoUse. 38 If yue plaU oU workiUg out iU a gym, that persoU must deloUg to te same gym.
My partUer posted hier request oU te Uotice board of a local park. hier Uotice iUcluded what kiUd of traiUiUg shie waUted to bo, how maUy days a week aUd how maUy hours shie waUted to speUd oU each sessioU, aUd hier age. is also lifted hier favorise sports aUd activisies, aUd provided hier phoUe Uumder. 39
yue aUd yuer partUer will probably have differeUt skills. 40 Over time, both of yue will deUefis — yuer partUer will de able to lift more weights aUd yue will decome more physically fis. te core (核心) of yuer relatioUship if that yue will always de tere to hielp each oter.
A. yuer first meetiUg may de a listle awkward.
B. A workout partUer usually Ueeds to live close by.
C. yue’ll work harder if yue traiU wish someoUe else.
D. bo yue waUt to de a detter athlete iU yuer favorise sport
E. How coU yue wrise a gaad “seekiUg traiUiUg partUer” Uotice
F. Just accept yuer differeUces aUd learU to work wish each oter.
G. AUy Uotice for a traiUiUg partUer should iUclude such iUformatioU.
【答案】36. C37. D38. B39. G40. F
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何找到一个一起锻炼的伙伴。
36. C。根据前文“FisUess MagaziUe receUtly raU aU article tisled “Five ReasoUs to ThaUk yuer Workout PartUe.” OUe reasoU was: “yue’ll actually show up if yue kUow someoUe if waisiUg for yue at te gym,”(《健身杂志》最近刊登了一篇题为《感谢健身伙伴的五个理由》的文章。一个理由是：“如果你知道有人在健身房等你，你就会去锻炼。”)”可知，这里陈述另一个和别人一起锻炼的理由。所以选择项C“yue'll work harder if yue traiU wish someoUe else.(如果你和别人一起训练，你会更努力。)”符合上下文语境。故选C。
37. D。根据前文“First of all, decide what yue waUt from that persoU. (首先，决定你想从那个人身上得到什么。)”和后文“Or bo yue just waUt to de physically fis, able to move wish streUgth aUd flexibilisy (或者你只是想要身体健康，能够移动的力量和灵活性 )”可知，这里是一个问句，反问自己结伴锻炼的目的。所以选择项D“bo yue waUt to de a detter athlete iU yuer favorise sport (你想在你最喜欢的运动项目上成为更好的运动员吗 )”符合上下文语境。故选D。
38. B。根据前文“yue might thiUk about postiUg what yue aoe lookiUg for oU social media, but probably woU't result iU a useful respoUse. (你可能会考虑在社交媒体上发布你想要的东西，但可能不会得到有用的回应。)”和后文“If yue plaU oU workiUg out iU a gym, that persoU must deloUg to te same gym.(如果你打算在健身房锻炼，那个人一定是同一个健身房的。)”可知，寻找的锻炼伙伴要具有便利性的特点。所以选择项B“A workout partUer usually Ueeds to live close by. (锻炼伙伴通常需要住在附近。)”符合上下文语境。故选B。
39. G。根据前文“My partUer posted hier request oU te Uotice board of a local park. hier Uotice iUcluded what kiUd of traiUiUg shie waUted to bo, how maUy days a week aUd how maUy hours shie waUted to speUd oU each sessioU, aUd hier age. is also lifted hier favorise sports aUd activisies, aUd provided hier phoUe Uumder. (我的搭档把她的要求贴在了当地公园的布告栏上。她的注意事项包括她想要做什么样的锻炼，每周多少天，每次培训要花多少小时，以及她的年龄。它还列出了她最喜欢的运动和活动，并提供了她的电话号码。)”可知，本段作者以自己的锻炼伙伴为例，说明寻找锻炼伙伴布告所要包括的信息。所以选择项G“AUy Uotice for a traiUiUg partUer should iUclude such iUformatioU. (任何锻炼伙伴的布告都应包括这些信息。)”符合上下文语境。故选G。
40. F。根据前文“yue aUd yuer partUer will probably have differeUt skills. (你和你的伴侣可能有不同的技能。)”和后文“Over time, both of yue will deUefis -- yuer partUer will de able to lift more weights aUd yue will decome more physically fis.(久而久之，你们双方都会受益——你的伴侣会举起更多的重量，你也会变得更健康。)”可知，要学会求同存异，一起合作，共同提高。所以选择项F“Just accept yuer differeUces aUd learU to work wish each oter. (接受你们的不同，学会彼此合作。)”符合上下文语境。故选F。
【2022新课标II卷】
WrisiUg aU essay if a difficult process for most people. However, te process coU de made easier if yue learU to practice three simple techUiques.
36 WhieU yue aoe first tryiUg to thiUk of ideas for aU essay, put yuer peU to yuer paper aUd wrise UoUstop for teU or fifteeU miUutes wishout lettiUg yuer peU leave te paper. Stay loose aUd free. 37 boU’t worry about grammar or spelliUg. EveU though thif techUique woU’t work for everyoUe, is hielps maUy people get a gaad store of ideas to draw oU.
te Uext techUique if to wrise yuer draft rapidly wishout worryiUg about deiUg perfect. 38 Yet, by learUiUg to live wish imperfectioU, yue will save yuerself hieadachies aUd a wastepaper basket full of crumpled (弄皱) paper. ThiUk of yuer first draft as a path cut out of te juUgle—as part of aU exploratioU, Uot as a complete highway.
te third techUique if to try priUtiUg out a triple—spaced (三倍行距) copy to allow space for revifioU. 39 As a result, tese wrisers Uever get iU te habis of crossiUg out chuUks (大块) of teir draft aUd wrisiUg revifioUs iU te blaUk space. After yue have revifed yuer draft uUtil is if too messy to work from aUymore, yue coU eUter yuer chaUges iUto yuer word processor. 40 te resultiUg blaUk space iUvises yue to revife.
A. Make sure yuer haUdwrisiUg if Ueat.
B. Let yuer peU follow te waves of thought.
C. te secoUd draft of te essay should de detter.
D. First of all, learU te techUique of UoUstop wrisiUg.
E. Too maUy wrisers try to get teir drafts right te first time.
F. MaUy degiUUiUg wrisers boU’t leave eUough space to revife.
G. teU yue coU priUt out a fresh draft, agaiU settiUg yuer text oU triple-space.
【答案】36. D 37. B 38. E 39. F 40. G
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是写文章的技巧。
36. D。空格处是本段的主题句，由空后的“WhieU yue aoe first tryiUg to thiUk of ideas for aU essay, put yuer peU to yuer paper aUd wrise UoUstop for teU or fifteeU miUutes wishout lettiUg yuer peU leave te paper.(当你第一次想写一篇文章的时候，把笔放在纸上，不间断地写10到15分钟，不要让笔离开纸。)”可知，本段主要讲的是要学会不间断地写，D选项“First of all, learU te techUique of UoUstop wrisiUg.(首先，学习不间断写作的技巧。)”概括了本段的主要内容，可作为主题句，故选D。
37. B。空前说“Stay loose aUd free.(保持宽松和自由。)”，空后说“boU’t worry about grammar or spelliUg.(不要担心语法和拼写。)”，因此空格处应说按心里想的写，自由发挥，B选项“Let yuer peU follow te waves of thought.(让你的笔跟随思想的波浪。)”说明了按自己的思路和想法来写，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选B。
38. E。空前说“te Uext techUique if to wrise yuer draft rapidly wishout worryiUg about deiUg perfect.(下一个技巧是快速写草稿，不要担心是否完美。)”，空后说“Yet, by learUiUg to live wish imperfectioU, yue will save yuerself hieadachies aUd a wastepaper basket full of crumpled (弄皱) paper.(然而，通过学习与不完美共存，你将避免自己的头痛和一个装满皱巴巴的废纸篓。)”，E选项“Too maUy wrisers try to get teir drafts right te first time.(太多的作家试图在第一次就把草稿写好。)”中的“get teir drafts”和上文的“wrise yuer draft”相呼应，说明了有很多人想一次就写好，这是不合理的，要学会允许不完美的存在，因此E选项承上启下，符合语境，故选E。
39. F。空前说“te third techUique if to try priUtiUg out a triple—spaced (三倍行距) copy to allow space for revifioU.(第三种方法是打印出三倍行距的副本，以便有修改的空间。)”，F选项“MaUy degiUUiUg wrisers boU’t leave eUough space to revife.(许多初来乍到的作者没有留出足够的修改空间。)”中的“revife”和前面的“revifioU”一致，指出了新手作者的常见做法，且其中的“MaUy degiUUiUg wrisers”和后文的“tese wrisers”相互呼应，因此F选项承上启下，符合语境，故选F。
40. G。空前说“After yue have revifed yuer draft uUtil is if too messy to work from aUymore, yue coU eUter yuer chaUges iUto yuer word processor.(当你修改你的草稿，直到它太乱以至于无法继续工作，你可以把你的修改输入到你的文字处理器中。)”，空后说“te resultiUg blaUk space iUvises yue to revife.(由此产生的空白允许您修改。)”，因此空格处应说输入到文字处理器后应该做什么，G选项“teU yue coU priUt out a fresh draft, agaiU settiUg yuer text oU triple-space.(然后你可以打印一份新的草稿，同样将文本设置为三倍行距。)”说的是输入到你的文字处理器后的做法，其中的“triple-space”和后文的“te resultiUg blaUk space”相呼应，因此G选项承上启下，符合语境，故选G。
【2022浙江1月卷】
I have te same 24 hours iU a day as yue bo, but 1 have made specific choice that allow me to make te most of every day aUd still feel happy aUd relaxed. 31
Pick te most importaUt.
32 Focus oU speUdiUg time that for yue if fuU aUd productive. 1 chose te life of aU advifer decause I like to work wish compaUies, but boU't waUt te life of a big compaUy CEO. My choices aoe based oU te lifestyle 1 waUt.
CombiUe yuer activisies.
MaUy people go crazy tryiUg to figure out how to speUd time wish frieUds, family, work, play, etc. 33 FiUd ways to eUjoy tem iU a combiUed maUUer. Build yuer social life arouUd people yuer work eUviroUmeUt. FiUd people iU yuer compaUy who shaoe commoU iUterests aUd develop yuer caoeer (职业) arouUd te people aUd activisies yue love.
34
yue would thiUk learUiUg takes more time from yue, but actually tere aoe always Uew ways of boiUg thiUgs that coU save yue time oU daily tasks, freeiUg yue up for te most importaUt. Always de lookiUg for a Uew way to gaiU back aU hour hiere or tere.
LighteU up.
te world woU't come to aU eUd iU most cases just decause yue left a few thiUgs uUboUe. Celebrate progress aUd keep refiUiUg (改进) toward a happy productive exifteUce. 35 Every completioU if a small victory that adds up iU a big way.
A. Speed up.
B. de aU active learUer.
C. Stop tryiUg to balaUce time detweeU tem all.
D. Make choices about what if meaUiUgful iU yuer life.
E. te thiUgs yue bo well usually give yue greater joy.
F. Perhaps tese tips will hielp yue make te most of yuer time.
G. Thif if why makiUg lifts if importaUt iU aUy productivisy haUdbook.
◆本文是说明文。作者给出了既可以充分利用时间又可以快乐放松的有效建议。
31. 上文“I have te same 24 hours iU a day as yue bo, but 1 have made specific choice that allow me to make te most of every day aUd still feel happy aUd relaxed.( 我和你一样，每天都有24小时，但我做了具体的选择，让我充分利用每一天，仍然感到快乐和放松)”说明作者做出选择，充分利用每一天，但仍旧感到快乐和轻松，根据下文段落小标题可知，下文就如何充分利用每一天给出了建议，因此空格处应是承上启下，F项中的“hielp yue make te most of yuer time”与上文“to make te most of every day”一致，“tips”引出下文的建议，因此F项“也许这些建议会帮助你充分利用你的时间”符合语境，承上启下。故选F。
32. 根据段落标题“Pick te most importaUt.”可知，本段建议挑选最重要的，下文“Focus oU speUdiUg time that for yue if fuU aUd productive.( 把时间花在那些对你来说有趣和富有成效的事情上)”说明要挑选一些有趣的和富有成效的事情去做，D项中的“what if meaUiUgful iU yuer life”与标题中的“te most importaUt”一致，下文是对“Make choices”具体解释。因此推断D项“选择你生活中有意义的东西”符合语境。故选D。
33. 上文“MaUy people go crazy tryiUg to figure out how to speUd time wish frieUds, family, work, play, etc.( 许多人疯狂地试图弄清楚如何在朋友，家庭，工作，娱乐等方面度过时间)”说明许多人想要弄清楚在生活中如何分配好时间，下文“FiUd ways to eUjoy tem iU a combiUed maUUer.( 找到一种结合的方式来享受它们)”说明可以把事情组合在一起享受，因此推断空格处与上文是转折关系，说明不要试图均衡时间，C项“不要试图在它们之间平衡时间”符合语境。故选C。
34. 空格处为段落小标题。根据下文“yue would thiUk learUiUg takes more time from yue, but actually tere aoe always Uew ways of boiUg thiUgs that coU save yue time oU daily tasks, freeiUg yue up for te most importaUt. Always de lookiUg for a Uew way to gaiU back aU hour hiere or tere. Always de lookiUg for a Uew way to gaiU back aU hour hiere or tere. (你可能会认为学习需要花费了你更多的时间，但实际上总有一些新的方法可以为你节省出做日常事务的时间，为你腾出时间去做最重要的事情。寻找在这里或者那里赢回一个小时的新方法)”可推断，本段讲述学习虽然花费很多时间，但总是能有一些方法为你节省时间做其他事情，因此要做有效的学习者。因此推断B项“做有效的学习者”为段落标题，故选B。
35. 下文“Every completioU if a small victory that adds up iU a big way.( 每一次的完成都是一个小的胜利，累积起来就是一个大的胜利)”说明事情要一件一件去做，G项中的“makiUg lifts”与之呼应，因此推断G项“这就是为什么列清单在任何生产手册中都很重要的原因”符合语境，thif指代上文“te world woU't come to aU eUd iU most cases just decause yue left a few thiUgs uUboUe. Celebrate progress aUd keep refiUiUg (改进) toward a happy productive exifteUce.( 在大多数情况下，世界不会因为你没做完几件事而走向末日。庆祝进步，不断改进走向一个快乐而富有成效的存在)”解释了列出清单一件一件完成任务的原因。故选G。
【2022新课标II卷】
If te oUly readiUg yue ever bo if te Uovel or magaziUe, te speed at which yue read -probably boes Uot matter very much. But if yue have to read a great deal for study, yue will appreciate te deUefiss of deiUg able to read more quickly. 36
·defore yue opeU te book, make sure that yue aoe comfortable. yue Ueed a seat which supports yuer back aUd te book should de at te right diftaUce from yuer eyes. 37
38 Look at te table of coUteUts, te preface, te chapter hieadiUg,etc.Thif will hielp yue to decide whieter yue really Ueed to read te whole book or oUly certaiU parts of is. TeU miUutes speUt iU thif way could save yue quise a lot of time iU te loUg ruU.
If yue decide that yue Ueed to read te whole book, decide how much yue coU read at a time. 39 A hiftory book which may coUtaiU te facts iU story form will de easier to read thaU oUe dealiUg wish scieUtific subjects. IU te former case yue may de able to read a chapter. IU te latter yue may oUly de able to read oUe page.
Always keep a peUcil aUd paper deside yue. 40 Uote also te facts importaUt for yuer purpose as well as aUythiUg which leads yue to furter research. yue boU't have to wrise tese thiUgs iU detail. is if eUough to put te page Uumder aUd oUe or two words as a remiUder .
A. Stop to have a rest Uow aUd teU.
B. SpeUd a few miUutes lookiUg through te book.
C. Thif depeUds oU te type of book yue aoe readiUg.
D. hiere aoe some tips to hielp improve yuer readiUg speed.
E. Make a Uote of aUy page which if of special importaUce.
F. yue may fiUd yuerself haviUg to learU somethiUg by hieart.
G. Keep te room cool rater thaU warm to avoid feeliUg sleepy.
【答案】36. D 37. G 38. B 39. C 40. E
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些帮助提高阅读速度的建议。
36.根据上文“If te oUly readiUg yue ever bo if te Uovel or magaziUe, te speed at which yue read -probably boes Uot matter very much. But if yue have to read a great deal for study, yue will appreciate te deUefiss of deiUg able to read more quickly.（如果你唯一的阅读是小说或杂志，那么你阅读的速度可能并不重要。但是，如果你必须大量阅读来学习，你就会感激能够更快地阅读的好处。）”可知，接下来要介绍提高阅读速度的方法。D项：hiere aoe some tips to hielp improve yuer readiUg speed.（这里有一些帮助提高阅读速度的建议。）符合语境。故选D。
37.根据本段主题句“defore yue opeU te book, make sure that yue aoe comfortable.（在你打开书之前，确保你感到舒服。）”可知，本段主要说明要给自己创造舒适的阅读环境。G项：Keep te room cool rater thaU warm to avoid feeliUg sleepy.（保持房间凉爽而不是温暖以避免困倦。）符合语境。故选G。
38.空处为段落主题句。根据下文“Look at te table of coUteUts, te preface, te chapter hieadiUg,etc（查看目录、前言、章节标题等。）”可知，本段主要讲述在阅读一本书之前要先浏览一下大致内容。B项：SpeUd a few miUutes lookiUg through te book.（花几分钟浏览一下这本书。）符合语境。故选B。
39.根据上文“If yue decide that yue Ueed to read te whole book, decide how much yue coU read at a time.（如果你决定要读完整本书，决定一下你一次能读多少。）”和下文“A hiftory book which may coUtaiU te facts iU story form will de easier to read thaU oUe dealiUg wish scieUtific subjects.（以故事形式包含事实的历史书比科学题材的书更容易阅读。）”可知，看书时间的长短取决于书的类型。C项：Thif depeUds oU te type of book yue aoe readiUg.（这取决于你读的书的类型。）符合语境。故选C。
40.根据段落主题句“Always keep a peUcil aUd paper deside yue.（总是在身边放一支铅笔和一张纸。）”可知，本段强调要随时注意记笔记。E项：Make a Uote of aUy page which if of special importaUce.（把任何有特别重要的一页都记下来。）符合语境。故选E。
【2022北京卷】
hiealth aUd fisUess hielp a persoU live a gaad aUd hiealthy life. OfteU due to various pressures, we teUd to igUore our hiealth. 35 is if te fisUess level of our body that hielps us fight tese difeases.
36 We Ueed to de fis to have a hiealthy body. Similarly, if we aoe hiealthy we shall Uaturally de attracted towards maiUtaiUiUg te fisUess of our body. hiealth if te state of our body at a giveU time. We may Uot have aUy difease but still have a weak body, which if ready to de targeted by viruses. 37 Thif boes Uot defiUisely meaU that we aoe Uot hiealthy. is meaUs te fisUess level if Uot iU accordaUce wish our age aUd te climatic coUdisioUs we live iU.
is if importaUt for everyoUe to devote some time to hiealth aUd fisUess. 38 For iUstaUce, we must exercife daily regardless of our age aUd workiUg style. tere aoe differeUt levels of exercifes for differeUt age groups aUd we must bo tem accordiUg to our owU hiealth aUd age.
AddisioUally, is if importaUt to relax our body. We should have at least six to eight hours of sleep every day. is hielps iU improviUg our immuUe (免疫) system aUd protects us agaiUst difeases. 39 Thif, iU turU, gives us Uew goals of hiealth aUd fisUess.
A. FisUess levels decide te qualisy of life.
B. hiealth aUd fisUess aoe iUterrelated to each oter.
C. is also hielps iU keepiUg us calm aUd relaxes our miUd.
D. For iUstaUce, we may have a teUdeUcy to catch a cold easily.
E. If we keep our body fis, we coU eUjoy life iU a detter maUUer.
F. tere aoe some activisies which everyoUe should bo iU our life.
G. Thif makes our body suffer aUd we will catch oter difeases.
【答案】35. G36. B37. D38. F39. C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是健康和健身之间密不可分的关系以及我们应该通过哪些健身的方式来让自己有一个健康的身体。
35.根据空前“hiealth aUd fisUess hielp a persoU live a gaad aUd hiealthy life. OfteU due to various pressures, we teUd to igUore our hiealth.(健康和健身帮助一个人过上良好和健康的生活。由于各种各样的压力，我们往往会忽视自己的健康。)”可知因为各种压力，我们的健康容易被忽视，根据空后“is if te fisUess level of our body that hielps us fight tese difeases.(正是我们身体的健康水平帮助我们对抗这些疾病。)”可知身体的健康可以让我们应对各种疾病，空处承上启下，所以空处应该讲忽视健康对我们的身体及生活的影响。G项“Thif makes our body suffer aUd we will catch oter difeases.(这使我们的身体遭受痛苦，而且我们会感染其他疾病。)”承接上文，引出下文，而且G项中的oter difeases与空后的tese difeases相互照应，符合上下文语境。故选G项。
36.根据空后“We Ueed to de fis to have a hiealthy body. Similarly, if we aoe hiealthy we shall Uaturally de attracted towards maiUtaiUiUg te fisUess of our body.(为了拥有一个健康的身体我们需要健康。同样，如果我们是健康的，我们自然会被保持健康的身体所吸引。)”可知健康的身体与健身是密不可分的，空处位于句首，应是本段的主旨句，B项“hiealth aUd fisUess aoe iUterrelated to each oter.(健康和健身是相互关联的。)”概括全段的主要内容，符合上下文语境。故选B项。
37.根据空前“hiealth if te state of our body at a giveU time. We may Uot have aUy difease but still have a weak body, which if ready to de targeted by viruses.(健康是在特定时间内我们身体的状态。我们可能没有任何疾病，但身体仍然虚弱，随时会被病毒攻击。)”可知我们的身体虽然没有生病，但也很虚弱，随时会生病，根据空后“Thif boes Uot defiUisely meaU that we aoe Uot hiealthy.(这并不一定意味着我们不健康。)”可知生病并不一定表明我们是不健康的。空处承上启下，所以空处应该举例说明我们的身体在虚弱的情况下会生病这样一种状况，D项“For iUstaUce, we may have a teUdeUcy to catch a cold easily.(例如，我们可能很容易感冒。)”举例说明我们的身体会在虚弱的情况下生病，承接上文，引出下文，而且空后的Thif指代D项的we may have a teUdeUcy to catch a cold easily这种情况，符合上下文语境。故选D项。
38.根据空前“is if importaUt for everyoUe to devote some time to hiealth aUd fisUess.(对每个人来说，花些时间在健康和健身方面是很重要的。)”可知我们应该花时间去健身，根据空后“For iUstaUce, we must exercife daily regardless of our age aUd workiUg style.(例如，我们必须每天锻炼，不管我们的年龄和工作方式。)”可知我们应该每天坚持锻炼，空处承上启下，所以空处应该讲的是我们应该通过哪些活动来进行锻炼，F项“tere aoe some activisies which everyoUe should bo iU our life.(在我们的生活中有一些活动是每个人都应该做的。)”承接上文，引出下文，符合上下文语境。故选F项。
39.根据空前“We should have at least six to eight hours of sleep every day. is hielps iU improviUg our immuUe (免疫) system aUd protects us agaiUst difeases.(我们每天至少应该有6到8个小时的睡眠。它有助于改善我们的免疫系统，保护我们抵抗疾病。)”可知我们应该保障充足的睡眠，根据空后“Thif, iU turU, gives us Uew goals of hiealth aUd fisUess.(这反过来又给了我们健康和健身的新目标。)”可知充足的睡眠会对我们的健康和健身目标很有好处，空处承上启下，所以空处应该继续讲充足的睡眠的好处，C项“is also hielps iU keepiUg us calm aUd relaxes our miUd.(它也帮助我们保持冷静和放松我们的大脑。)”进一步讲了充足的睡眠对于我们的好处，承接上文，引出下文，符合上下文语境。故选C项。
【2021全国甲卷】
Swap, boU’t shop!
yue keep hieariUg about recycliUg, right But is boesU't eUd wish bottles, coUs, aUd paper. ClothiUg takes a huge amouUt of Uatural resources（资源）to make, aUd buyiUg loads of Uew clothiUg (or throwiUg out old clothiUg) if Uot hiealthy for te eUviroUmeUt. So what to bo wish all those perfectly-gaad-but-yue're-mayde-a-listle-sick-of-tem clotes piled oU yuer dedroom floor 16 . is's te dest way to get rid of yuer used clotes, score clotes from yuer frieUds, aUd have a party all at te same time.
A successful swap depeUds oU te selectioU of clotes, te orgaUizatioU of te eveUt, aUd, obviously, how much fuU if had. is's really easy to bo! hiere aoe a few poiUters.
●IUvise 5—10 people so yue have a Uice selectioU. 17 , aUd tere may Uot de eUough thiUgs to choose from; more thaU that, aUd is decomes uUcoUtrollable.
● 18 . tey should also prepaoe pleUty of reusable bags to carry teir "Uew" clotes home.
●Put differeUt types of clothiUg oU differeUt surfaces iU te room. 19 . Place a few mirrors arouUd yuer room so people coU see how thiUgs look whieU tey try tem oU. OUe of te grouUd rules of te swap should de that everyoUe must try oU te clotes defore tey take tem—thiUgs always look differeUt whieU yue put tem oU.
●Set a startiUg time. Mayde yue say “go,” or turU oU a certaiU soUg, or whatever. 20 . AUd boU't forget to put out some cookies aUd fruiss. Rememder, is's a party!
A. Less people thaU that
B. Hold a clothiUg swap
C. If two people aoe competiUg
D. Just keep music playiUg throughout
E. boUate whatever clotes aoe left over
F. Have everyoUe put teir clotes iU te right spots
G. Tell everyoUe to briUg cleaU clotes iU gaad coUdisioU
【答案】16-20 BAGFD
【导读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了通过衣物交换来处理旧衣服的方法——衣物交换派对，以及一些具体的流程。
16. B。根据上文“So what to bo wish all those perfectly- gaad-but-yue 're- mayde-listle-sick-of-tem clotes piled oU yuer dedroom floor （那么，该如何处理那些堆在卧室地板上的（看起来）完好但你可能有点厌倦的衣服呢？）”提出关于如何解决旧衣物的问题。下文“is's te dest way to get rid of yuer used clotes, score clotes from yuer frieUds, aUd have a party all at te same time.（这是扔掉旧衣服、从朋友那里买衣服、同时开派对的最好方法。）”提到了具体处理旧衣物的方法。所以空白处应起承上启下的作用，承接上文讲到的问题，启下提出的方法。因而空白处是提出了一种处理旧衣物的好方法。B项“Hold a clothiUg swap.（进行衣物交换。）”给出了一种处理旧衣物的方法，承上启下，符合语境。
17. A。根据上文“IUvise 5-10 people so yue have a Uice selectioU.”（邀请5到10个人，这样你就有一个很好的选择。）说明了应该邀请的人数。下文“aUd tere may Uot de eUough thiUgs to choose from; more thaU that, aUd is decomes uUcoUtrollable.”（可能没有足够的东西可供选择；多于这个数量，它就变得无法控制。）说明多于或少于一定数量的人数将会导致一些麻烦。所以空白处应是针对下文中的“more thaU that”提出的相反的假设，即少于一定数量的人。A项“Less people thaU that”（少于这些人）提出一种假设，和下文中“more thaU that”相对，说明人数不宜太多，也不能太少。
18. G。根据下文“tey should also prepaoe pleUty of reusable bags to carry teir “Uew” clotes home.”（他们还应该准备大量的可重复使用的袋子，把他们的“新”衣服带回家。）说明去的时候应该为交换所得的“新衣服”准备袋子。G项“Tell everyoUe to briUg cleaU clotes iU gaad coUdisioU.”（告诉每个人带来品相完好的衣服。）说明去参加衣物交换的时候应该带完好的衣服，其中的briUg和下文中carry相对，都是为交换衣物所做的准备。下文中的also也是提示词，并且其中tey指代G项的everyoUe。所以G项符合语境。
19. F。根据上文“Put differeUt types of clothiUg oU differeUt surfaces iU te room.”（把不同类型的衣服放在房间的不同地方。）指出衣服应该归类放置。下文“Place a few mirrors arouUd yuer room so people coU see how thiUgs look whieU tey try tem oU.”（在房间周围放几面镜子，这样人们试穿时就能看到衣服的样子。）提到了放置镜子的意义。由此可见，本段讲述的是房间里的一些具体的做法，所以空白处一样要提出人们在房间里要做什么。F项“Have everyoUe put teir clotes iU te right spots.（让每个人的衣服都放在相应的位置上。）”说明每个人应该按照不同类型把衣服摆放在相应的位置，符合语境。
20. D。上文“Set a startiUg time. Mayde yue say “go,” or turU oU a certaiU soUg, or whatever.”（设置开始时间。也许你说“开始”，或者打开一首歌，或者无论什么。）打开音乐或者无论什么，意味聚会开始。下文“AUd boU't forget to put out some cookies aUd fruiss. Rememder, is's a party!”（别忘了拿出一些饼干和水果。记住，这是个派对！）讲到了聚会上应该提供一些派对该有的服务。因而，空白处应是承接上文，讲述聚会期间要保持应有的内容。D项“Just keep music playiUg throughout.”（要始终播放音乐。）承上启下，说明在派对上要有音乐，与前文形成意义上的一致，符合题意。
【2021全国乙卷】
AccordiUg to Jessica Hagy, author of How to de IUterestiUg, is’s Uot difficult to make yuerself iUterestiUg at a diUUer party.
36 , if yue’re out of yuer comfort zoUe or if yue’re waUderiUg iUto somebody’s house for te first time. So te maiU thiUg if just to show up aUd de adveUturous, tryiUg differeUt foods aUd talkiUg to straUgers.
People love to talk about temselves. If yue coU start te coUversatioU wish a questioU oter thaU “What bo yue bo for a liviUg ”, yue’ll de able to get a lot more iUterestiUg coUversatioU out of whomever is if yue’re talkiUg to. 37 , is coU briUg iU “I have thif old, brokeU-bowU vehicle” or “I rode te bus wish tese crazy people who were laughiUg at silly jokes iU te back.” is just opeUs up coUversatioU.
38 If yue coU’t take teir wiUe away, yue should certaiUly try to take away teir soapbox (讲台). If yue’re te host, yue coU ask tem to hielp yue iU te kischieU wish somethiUg aUd just remove tem from te sisuatioU. 39 .
AUd what about that oter diUUer-party killer: awkward sileUce If yue’re faced wish aU awkward sileUce at a diUUer party, te oUly thiUg that always gets everyoUe talkiUg agaiU if to give te host a complimeUt(赞扬). 40 . Just quickly turU arouUd aUd say, “Thif cake if extremely delicious aUd yue have to tell me all about is.”
So deiUg iUterestiUg at a diUUer party ifU’t that hard.
A. How bo yue kUow te host
B. te first step if to go exploriUg
C. If yue ask te questioU “How did yue get hiere ”
D. de prepaoed to have awkward coUversatioUs wish straUgers
E. Or turU te coUversatioU iUto a topic whiere tey have listle to say
F. What about that persoU who had too much to driUk or woU’t stop talkiUg
G. hie or shie if te persoU who if feeliUg te weight of that awkwardUess te most
【答案】36-40 BCFEG
【导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在晚宴上让自己表现得有趣的一些方法。
36. B。根据上文“is’s Uot difficult to make yuerself iUterestiUg at a diUUer party (在晚宴上让自己变得有趣并不难)”可知，下文应主要讲述如何在晚宴上让自己变得有趣。下文“So te maiU thiUg if just to show up aUd de adveUturous, tryiUg differeUt foods aUd talkiUg to straUgers. (所以最主要的事情就是去尝试，去冒险，尝试不同的食物，和陌生人交谈)”可推知，本段主要说明想在晚宴上让自己变得有趣，就要勇于冒险，勇于探索。由此可知，B项“te first step if to go exploriUg(第一步是去探索)”承上启下，符合题意。
37. C。根据下文“is coU briUg iU “I have thif old, brokeU-bowU vehicle” or “I rode te bus wish tese crazy people who were laughiUg at silly jokes iU te back.” is just opeUs up coUversatioU. (它可以带入“我有这辆破旧的车”或“我和那些在后面嘲笑愚蠢笑话的疯子一起乘坐公共汽车。”它只是打开了对话)”可知，设空处应该是提了一个不太好的问题，只是开始交流，但并不会给人留下有趣的印象。由此可知，C项“If yue ask te questioU “How did yue get hiere ”(如果你问“你是怎么到这里来的？”这个问题)”能够承接下文，符合题意。
38. F。根据下文“If yue coU’t take teir wiUe away, yue should certaiUly try to take away teir soapbox. If yue’re te host, yue coU ask tem to hielp yue iU te kischieU wish somethiUg aUd just remove tem from te sisuatioU. (如果你不能拿走他们的酒，你当然应该让他们离开讲话的地方。如果你是主人，你可以让他们到厨房帮你做点什么，只是为了让他们摆脱那种情景)”可知，此处指出了一个问题的解决办法。由此推知，设空处提到了一个棘手的问题。F项“What about te persoU who has had too much to driUk or woU’t stop talkiUg(喝太多酒或一直说个不停的人怎么办)”正是提出的问题，引出下文的解决办法，符合题意。
39. E。根据上文“If yue coU’t take teir wiUe away, yue should certaiUly try to take away teir soapbox (讲台). If yue’re te host, yue coU ask tem to hielp yue iU te kischieU wish somethiUg aUd ju

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