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Unit 2 School life
Lesson 3 Grammar
一、教学内容分析
本单元的主题围绕“学校生活”展开。本课时为语法课。该课时主要包含的语法点有：一般现在时的含义，结构和基本用法；第三人称单数作主语时谓语动词的变化规则；助动词 do/does 在否定句和疑问句中的使用规则；常见的频度副词和表示频率的短语的意义及其在句中的位置。通过本课时的学习，学生将理解一般现在时的基本概念及其句型结构并正确使用一般现在时；能够理解常见的频度副词含义，掌握其在句中的位置。通过不同任务，如补全对话和根据信息猜人物游戏等活动，学生将在实际交际中运用所学的语法知识，从而提升语言运用能力，实现语法知识学习与语言实际运用的有效结合。
二、学情分析
学生在小学阶段已初步接触过一般现在时，并能够简单运用一般现在时讨论日常活动。但学生尚未系统掌握一般现在时，对一般现在时的相关知识点掌握零散且不牢固，还处于感性认识阶段。如学生对一般现在时表示经常性，习惯性动作的用法较为熟悉，但却不了解一般现在时的其他用法；对动词第三人称单数变化规则掌握还不牢固，常出现动词三单形式变化错误和主谓搭配错误。对助动词 do/does 的使用规则不清晰，容易出现句型结构不完整或语序混乱的情况。 因此，教师应通过本课时教学，引导学生系统梳理一般现在时的基本用法，帮助学生掌握一般现在时的不同结构，尤其是 do / does 构成的否定句和疑问句。通过丰富的输入以及不同练习，帮助学生掌握一般现在时，并能在实际语境中正确使用一般现在时，提升学生的语法知识运用能力与交际能力。
三、教学目标
通过本课时的学习，学生能够： 1. 理解、归纳一般现在时的含义和基本结构。 2. 掌握常见的频度副词的含义及其在句中的位置。 3. 在真实情境中正确使用一般现在时，并在此过程中培养学生关注日常生活的意识，学会合理安排日常生活，养成良好生活习惯。
四、教学重难点
【重点】 1. 理解、归纳一般现在时的含义和基本结构。 2. 掌握常见的频度副词的含义及其在句中的位置。 【难点】 在真实情境中正确使用一般现在时。
五、教学活动设计
环节一：观看视频，讨论视频中的句子，以此导入话题。（2 mins） 教师播放视频，引导学生说出视频中出现的句子是什么时态，引出本课时主题——一般现在时。
教学活动 活动层次 效果评价
Students watch the video and answer the question. 学习理解之感知与注意 通过学生的回答，判断学生是否能够正确识别视频中句子的时态为一般现在时，判断学生对一般现在时是否有一定认知。
环节设计意图：通过看视频回答问题这一轻松的方式，引发学生的兴趣，让学生注意到本课时的主题，同时自然引出本课时的语法主题。
环节二：完成不同层次的任务，探究一般现在时的基本用法和句型结构；常见的频度副词的含义及其在句中的位置；动词第三人称单数形式变化规则。（25 mins） 教师引导学生探究一般现在时的基本用法和句型结构；常见的频度副词意义及其在句中的位置；动词第三人称单数形式变化规则。
教学活动 活动层次 效果评价
Students read the sentences and learn the usages of the simple present and the positions of frequency adverbs and adverbial phrases of frequency in sentences. 学习理解之感知与注意，获取与梳理 通过学生课堂表现，判断学生对一般现在时基本用法的了解程度以及判断学生对频度副词的了解程度。教师需根据学生表现适当作出补充。
Students read the sentences and learn the spelling rules for changing verbs into the third person singular form in the simple present. And then fill in the blanks. 学习理解之获取与梳理 应用实践之内化与运用 通过学生活动反馈，判断学生对动词第三人称单数形式变化规则的了解程度。教师需适时做补充。
Students read the sentences and summarize the sentence patterns of the simple present. Students change the affirmative sentences into negative sentences and interrogative sentences. Students summarize how to change the affirmative sentences in the simple present into negative sentences and interrogative sentences. 学习理解之感知与注意，获取与梳理、概括与整合 通过学生课堂表现，判断学生能否理解并掌握一般现在时的句型结构，掌握将一般现在时肯定句变为否定句和疑问句的方法。教师需根据实际情况调整教学策略。
环节设计意图: 通过这些课堂活动，帮助学生理解并掌握一般现在时相关的语法知识，帮助学生系统化掌握语言规律，为输出环节打下良好基础。
环节三：对一般现在时相关语法知识进行全面总结。（5 mins） 教师引导学生对一般现在时相关语法知识进行全面总结。
教学活动 活动层次 效果评价
Students sum up the grammar rules of the simple present. 学习理解之概括与整合 从学生的总结情况来判断学生对一般现在时相关知识的掌握程度，并进行客观的评价和引导，及时调整教学。
环节设计意图: 通过总结活动，帮助学生从细节到整体掌握与一般现在时相关的语法知识。
环节四：完成不同层次的练习。（13 mins） 通过不同的练习和活动，让学生运用与一般现在时相关的语法知识，进一步内化并巩固本课所学。
教学活动 活动层次 效果评价
Students fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the words given. Students rewrite the sentences. Students read the paragraph about Jack and complete the conversation. Students work in pairs and play a guessing game. 应用实践之内化与运用 观察学生完成练习的情况，了解学生对一般现在时的掌握程度，教师需根据实际情况调整教学。此外，观察学生在猜人物游戏中的表现，了解学生的口语表达能力、信息提取与综合判断能力。
环节设计意图: 通过多样化的练习和活动帮助学生进一步深化对一般现在时语法知识的理解与运用。此外，在猜人物游戏中，学生在小组互动中自然运用一般现在时和频度副词，锻炼了口语表达能力，进一步实现语法知识的迁移与内化。
作业与拓展 1. Review the grammar rules of the simple present. 2. Use adverbs of frequency to write 5 sentences about your own habits. 3. Interview a classmate and write a short paragraph to describe his/her daily life using the simple present and adverbs of frequency.
4 / 4(共22张PPT)
Unit 2 School life
Lesson 3 Grammar
英语沪教版七年级上册
Learning objectives
通过本课时的学习，学生能够：
1. 理解、归纳一般现在时的含义和基本结构。
2. 掌握常见的频度副词的含义及其在句中的位置。
3. 在真实情境中正确使用一般现在时，并在此过程中培养学生关注日常生活的意识，学会合理安排日常生活，养成良好生活习惯。
重点
重点
Watch and answer
What is the tense of these sentences in the video
The simple present.
Read and learn
1. Some animals eat at night, Suzy.
2. Yes, Mr. Skinny Legs makes a new web every day.
3. Pedro always takes his glasses off before he sleeps.
1
Read and learn
频度副词在句中放在be动词、助动词、情态动词后；实义动词前。
always(总是)
usually(通常)
often(经常)
sometimes(有时)
seldom(几乎不)
never(从不)
一般现在时表示经常或习惯性发生的动作。
常与always/usually/often/
sometimes/seldom/never等频度副词连用。
Read and learn
频度副词和表示频率的短语也可以放在句子末尾，有时也可以放在句首。
1. Sometimes I go by car.
2. Every Sunday, my mother goes to the supermarket.
3. I play football once a week.
4. He visits his grandma from time to time.
Read and learn
1. They are happy and excited.
2. Linda is helpful and patient.
3. She is an English teacher.
4. The store opens at 7:00 a.m.
5. He has black hair and big eyes.
2
一般现在时表示现在的特征、状态、能力、性格等。
Read and learn
1. The moon goes around the earth.
2. Beijing lies in the north of China.
3. Light travels faster than sound.
4. There are four seasons in a year.
3
一般现在时表示客观事实和
普遍真理。
Read and fill
动词第三人称单数变化规则 在动词原形后直接加-s。 （s发音：在元音和浊辅音后发/z/，在清辅音后发/s/） live —________
get —________
like —________
以-x, -s, -ch, -sh或以辅音字母+o结尾的动词后加-es。（es在-x, -s, -ch, -sh后发/ z/） teach —________
finish —________
pass —________
fix —________
go —________
do —________
以辅音字母+y 结尾的词,先变y 为 i, 再加-es。 study —________
cry —________
特殊变化 have —________
lives
gets
teaches
finishes
passes
fixes
studies
cries
goes
does
has
likes
Read and summarize
一般现在时——句子结构
They are students.
They play basketball every week.
主语+be动词+其他.
主语+实义动词+其他.
Change the affirmative sentences
肯定句：I am at home.
否定句：I am not at home.
疑问句：Are you at home
回答：Yes, I am./No, I am not.
特殊疑问句：Where are you
肯定句：She is fine.
否定句：She is not fine.
疑问句：Is she fine
回答：Yes, she is./No, she isn’t.
特殊疑问句：How is she
I用am，you用are，is跟着他她它，单数is，复数are。
若句子主语为第一人称，变疑问句时则要将其变为第二人称，相应的be动词也要变化。
Change the affirmative sentences into negative sentences and interrogative sentences.
Change the affirmative sentences
肯定句：I like running.
否定句：I don’t like running.
疑问句：Do you like running
回答：Yes, I do./No, I don’t.
特殊疑问句：What do you like
肯定句：She goes to school on foot.
否定句：She doesn’t go to school on foot.
疑问句：Does she go to school on foot
回答：Yes, she does./No, she doesn’t.
特殊疑问句：How does she go to school
变否定：助动词do/does+not+实义动词原形。
变疑问：将do/does提到句首+还原实义动词。
In statements, we add -s or ________ to verbs after he/she/it. In questions, we use ______ before I/you/we/they and ______ before he/she/it.
-es
do
does
Change the affirmative sentences into negative sentences and interrogative sentences.
Summarize
Be动词 实义动词
肯定 主语+am/is/are+其他. 主语+实义动词 +其他.
否定 主语+am/is/are +not+其他. 主语+don’t /doesn’t +V原形+其他.
一般疑问句 Am/Is/Are+主语+其他 Do/Does +主语+V原形+其他
特殊疑问句 疑问词+ am/is/are+主语+其他 疑问词+do/does +主语+V原形+其他
Summary
The simple present
Definition
1.肯定句: S. + am/is/are + 其他.
2.否定句: S. + am/is/are + not+其他.
3.一般疑问句: Am/Is/Are + S. + 其他
Sentence patterns
Verb-s
1.表示经常或习惯性发生的动作，常与频度副词连用。
2.表示现在的特征、状态、能力、性格等。
3.表示客观事实和普遍真理。
1.在动词原形后直接加-s。
2.以-x, -s, -ch, -sh或以辅音字母+o结尾的动词后加-es。
3.以辅音字母+y 结尾的词,先变y 为 i, 再加-es。
4.特殊变化（have-has）。
1.肯定句: S. + 实义动词 + 其他.
2. 否定句: S. +don’t /doesn’t +V原形+其他.
3. 一般疑问句: Do/Does + S.+V原形+其他
Adverbs of frequency
1.频率副词在句中放在be动词、助动词、情态动词后；实义动词前。
2.频度副词和表示频率的短语也可以放在句子末尾，有时也可以放在句首。
Fill in the blanks
Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the words given.
1. (be) she interested in dancing
2. There (be) some water in the bottle. You can drink it.
3. The child often (watch) TV for half an hour after dinner.
4. She (go) to school from Monday to Friday.
5. He (live) in the countryside for a month every year.
6. The store (open) at 9 a.m. and (close) at 9 p.m.
7. Alice likes doing housework. She (clean) her room every afternoon.
cleans
Is
is
watches
goes
lives
opens
closes
1. I play football in the afternoon.
否定句:
一般疑问句:
特殊疑问句:
2. She does some shopping on Saturday.
否定句:
一般疑问句:
特殊疑问句:
I don’t play football in the afternoon.
Do you play football in the afternoon
What do you do in the afternoon
She doesn’t do some shopping on Saturday.
Does she do some shopping on Saturday
When does she do some shopping
Rewrite the sentences
用于实义动词前构成否定句和疑问句，本身没有词义，不能单独作谓语。
实义动词（做，干，办事）
Rewrite the sentences
3. Cindy helps her mother do housework.（改为否定句）
_____________________________________________________
4. His parents work hard.（改为否定句）
_____________________________________________________
5. My elder sister doesn’t like Geography.（改为肯定句）
_____________________________________________________
6. I don’t know her very well.（改为肯定句）
_____________________________________________________
7. Simon usually does his homework after supper.（改为一般疑问句）
_____________________________________________________
Cindy doesn’t help her mother do housework.
His parents don’t work hard.
My elder sister likes Geography.
I know her very well.
Does Simon usually do his homework after supper
Rewrite the sentences
8. The students like talking about their hobbies.（改为一般疑问句）
_____________________________________________________
9. My father goes fishing every weekend.（对画线部分提问）
_____________________________________________________
10. They often play football on the playground.（对画线部分提问）
_____________________________________________________
11. Anna goes to school by bus.（对画线部分提问）
_____________________________________________________
12. I usually go shopping on Saturday.（对画线部分提问）
_____________________________________________________
Do the students like talking about their hobbies
What does your father do every weekend
Where do they often play football
How does Anna go to school
When do you usually go shopping
Read and complete
Read the paragraph about Jack and complete the conversation.
S1: What time does Jack usually get up
S2: He usually gets up at 7:45 a.m.
S1: How (1)_______Jack and his friends go to school
S2: (2)____________________________________________
S1: When (3)_______ school finish
S2: (4)_____________________________________________
S1: What (5)______Jack do every Monday
S2: (6)_____________________________________________.
S1: When (7)______Jack and his parents usually have dinner
S2: (8)_____________________________________________
S1: How often (9) ______ Jack and his parents eat out
S2: (10)_____________________________________________
They often walk to school. / They often go to school on foot.
It finishes at 3:30 p.m.
He takes part in after-school club activities every Monday.
They usually have dinner around 7:00 p.m.
They seldom eat out.
do
does
does
do
do
Read and complete
Read the paragraph about Jack and complete the conversation.
“多久一次”。询问频率
Play a game
Play a guessing game in pairs. One chooses a student from the table and says three or four sentences about him/ her. The other guesses who he/ she is.
Homework
1. Review the grammar rules of the simple present.
2. Use adverbs of frequency to write 5 sentences about your own habits.
3. Interview a classmate and write a short paragraph to describe his/her daily life using the simple present and adverbs of frequency.
Bye-bye!

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