资源简介

(共73张PPT)
WELCOME UNIT
UNIT 1　 PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENT
Section Ⅱ 　 Learning About Language
课前预习　效果检测
合作探究　精研重点
目录
CONTENTS
1
2
学习效果　当堂巩固
3
课后课时作业
４
课前预习　效果检测
一　阅读单词及词块(3个)
写出英语单词
1．___________ n. 青霉素；盘尼西林
2．________ n. 图表　vt. 记录；制订计划
3．____________ 流程图
penicillin
chart
flow chart
二　核心单词(3个)
A．写出英语单词
1．________ vi.& vt. 迅速离开；逃跑
2．____________ n. 条件；环境；状况
3．________ n. 流；流动；流畅；供应　vi. 流；流动
B．用上面的单词填空，使句意完整
1．(牛津高阶)She never discovered the true ____________ of her birth.
2．(中国日报)The suspects attempted to ________ and shot wildly at the officers.
flee
circumstance
flow
circumstances
flee
三　拓展单词(2个)
A．写出英语单词，并尝试写出其词性转换(可查字典)
1．___________ n. 结论；推论→________ v. 断定；推断出；得出结论
2．________ n. (长篇)小说→________ n. 小说家
B．用上面的单词填空，使句意完整
1．(牛津高阶)He is now engaged on his second ________．
2．(柯林斯词典)Larry ______________ that he had no choice but to accept Paul's words as the truth.
conclusion
conclude
novel
novelist
novel
had concluded
四　重点短语(1个)
A．写出英语短语
____________ (正常使用造成的)磨损；损耗
B．翻译
(牛津高阶)这种地毯设计得十分耐用。
____________________________________________________________________
wear and tear
The carpet is designed to stand up to a lot of wear and tear.
合作探究　精研重点
1 conclusion n. 结论；推论(教材P4)
归纳
助记
①(剑桥高阶)Did you come to/reach/draw/arrive at any conclusions at the meeting this morning
你在今天上午的会议上得出了什么结论吗？
②(中国日报)In conclusion, only by being smart online learners can we truly enjoy the benefits of modern technology.
总之，只有成为聪明的在线学习者，我们才能真正享受现代技术的好处。
③(朗文当代)To conclude, I'd like to express my thanks to my family.
最后，我要感谢我的家人。
【运用】单句语法填空
①He concluded ________ their remarks that they were not in favour of the plan.
②We can safely draw some ____________ (conclude) from our discussion.
③He concluded his speech ________ a famous saying: It's never too late to start.
【输出】翻译
④New evidence might lead to the conclusion that we are wrong.
__________________________________________________________________
⑤最后，我祝愿本次会议取得圆满成功！
__________________________________________________________________
from
conclusions
with
新的证据也许会推断出我们是错的。
To conclude, I wish this meeting a complete success!
2 circumstance n. 条件；环境；状况(教材P5)
归纳
①(柯林斯词典)She made it clear that under no circumstances would she cancel the trip.
她明确表示，无论如何她都不会取消旅行。
②(牛津高阶)Under the circumstances, it seemed better not to tell him about the accident.
在这种情况下，不告诉他有关这次事故的情况似乎更好。
③(牛津高阶)I know I can trust her in any circumstances.
我知道我在任何情况下都能信任她。
【运用】单句语法填空
①If you received it, ________ any circumstances do not open it and delete it immediately.
②His words were of little comfort in the ______________ (circumstance)．
③Under no circumstances ________ I know I would meet so many difficulties when I decided to take the job.
【输出】 翻译
④一般情况下，奶奶让我帮忙做点家务活，我都会说“行”。
__________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________
in/under
circumstances
did
In/Under normal circumstances, I would say “yes” when my grandma asks me to help with some housework.
3 flow n. 流；流动；流畅；供应　vi. 流；流动(教材P5)
归纳
助记
①(中国日报)In general, people enjoy their travels and goods flow smoothly.
一般来说，人们享受旅行且货物流通顺畅。
②(柯林斯词典)We are keeping our head above water, but our cash flow position is not too good.
我们虽然还未陷入困境，但资金流转状况不太好。
③(剑桥高阶)The river flows through three counties before flowing into the sea just south of here.
这条河流经三个县，然后在这里以南流入大海。
【运用】单句语法填空
①Hope seems like the summer birds to swiftly flow ________．
②Since there's nothing I can do about the problem, I might as well go ____ the flow.
【输出】翻译
③Too many examples can interrupt the smooth flow of the text.
____________________________________________________________________
④有一条小溪穿过他们的花园。
____________________________________________________________________
away
with
例子太多会使行文不流畅。
There's a stream that flows through their garden.
非限制性定语从句是对先行词作附加说明，如果去掉，主句的意思仍然完整。
She was married to Tony, who was also a doctor.
她嫁给了托尼，托尼也是位医生。
此处who引导非限制性定语从句，去掉之后句子依然成立。在一般情况下，非限制性定语从句用逗号和句子的其他部分隔开，对先行词起附加说明的作用。
The note was left by Jim, who was here a moment ago.
这张便条是吉姆留下的，他刚才来过。
一、定义
This is George, whose class you will be taking.
这是乔治，你将接管他的班级。
I have many friends, some of whom are painters.
我有许多朋友，其中有些是画家。
She was very fond of speaking French, which indeed she spoke well.
她很喜欢讲法语，而且讲得确实很好。
1.不用关系代词that
非限制性定语从句的关系代词无论指“物”还是指“人”，都不能用that。指人时，如果关系词在从句中作主语，则用who，作宾语则用whom；指物时要用which。关系代词在从句中作宾语时也不能省略。
Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year.
查尔斯·史密斯去年退休了，他曾是我的老师。
The book, which my mother bought for me yesterday, is very interesting.
这本书很有趣，这是我妈妈昨天给我买的。
二、引导词的使用
2．关系代词和关系副词的选择
(1)从句中缺主语或宾语时，用关系代词。指人，在从句中作主语、宾语或表语时，用who，在从句中作宾语时，也可用whom；指物或指代整个主句的内容，在从句中作主语或宾语时，用which；指人或物，在从句中作定语时，用whose。
(2)从句中缺状语时，用关系副词。作时间状语时，用when，作地点状语时，用where；when/where有时可换成“介词＋which”。通常不用why作原因状语，但可以用for which。
The old man has a daughter, who is an artist.
这位老人有一个女儿，她是一名艺术家。(who在从句中作主语)
We will put off the picnic in the park until next week, when the weather may be better.
我们将把去公园野餐的时间推迟到下周，那时天气可能更好。(when在从句中作时间状语)
3．“介词＋关系代词”引导
在“介词＋关系代词”中，关系代词用whom指人，用which指物。
He worked in a car factory for four years, after which he founded his own company in his hometown.
他在一家汽车厂工作了四年，之后在他的家乡建立了自己的公司。
We are short of two people, without whom we will need three more days to finish the work.
我们缺少2个人，没有他们，我们还需要3天完成这项工作。
单句语法填空
①Our graduation will be held in two weeks, ________ we'll say goodbye to our teachers.
②These apple trees, ________ I planted three years ago, have provided very good fruits.
③Holly, ________ is from Australia, has a good command of Chinese.
④I had told them the reason, ________ which I couldn't attend the meeting.
⑤Our company has many workers, most of ________ are over 28 years old.
when
which
who
for
whom
1.形式不同：非限制性定语从句与主句之间通常用逗号隔开，位于句中时，前后都需要用逗号隔开。而限制性定语从句的主句和从句之间不用逗号隔开。
2．功能不同：非限制性定语从句对先行词起解释说明作用，省略后主句部分仍然清楚、完整。限制性定语从句对先行词进行修饰、限制和识别，如果省略，就会造成主句句意不完整或概念不清楚。
People who take physical exercise live longer.
进行体育锻炼的人更长寿。(若把从句去掉，句子意义不完整)
His daughter, who is in Boston now, is coming home next week.
他女儿现在在波士顿，下星期回来。(若把从句去掉，句子意义仍然完整)
三、与限制性定语从句的区别
3．翻译不同：在翻译定语从句时，常把非限制性定语从句与主句分开，单独翻译成句；而把限制性定语从句翻译成形容词，放在它所修饰的先行词之前。
He is the man whose car was stolen.
他就是汽车被偷的那个人。
I've invited Jim, who lives in the next flat.
我邀请了吉姆，他就住在隔壁公寓里。
4．含义不同
I have a sister who is a doctor.
我有一个当医生的姐姐。(姐姐可能不止一个)
I have a sister, who is a doctor.
我有一个姐姐，她是一名医生。(只有一个姐姐)
5．先行词不同：非限制性定语从句的先行词可以是名词或代词，也可以是短语或句子；而限制性定语从句的先行词只能是名词或代词。另外，当先行词为专有名词或其他具有独一无二性质的普通名词时，通常用非限制性定语从句，而不用限制性定语从句。
Peter drove too fast, which was dangerous.
彼得开车太快了，这是很危险的。(which指代drive too fast)
He changed his mind, which made me very angry.
他改变了主意，这使我很生气。(which指代整个主句)
Mr Smith, who is our boss, will leave for Japan next week.
我们的老板史密斯先生下周要去日本。(先行词为专有名词，常用非限制性定语从句)
Her father, who has a lot of money, wishes her to study abroad.
她父亲很有钱，希望她出国学习。(先行词为表示独一无二意义的普通名词，常用非限制性定语从句)
6．关系词不同：关系词that和why可用于限制性定语从句中，而通常不用于非限制性定语从句；另外，在限制性定语从句中，关系词有时可以省略，而在非限制性定语从句中关系词不可以省略。
翻译
①他就是你正在找的那个人。
____________________________________________________________________
②我去过北京，那是一个很美丽的城市。
____________________________________________________________________
He is the man whom/who/that you are looking for.
I've been to Beijing, which is a very beautiful city.
③他于1992年逃离家乡，当时他只有12岁。
____________________________________________________________________
④她的两个儿子每周都给她打电话，他们都在国外工作。
____________________________________________________________________
⑤我朋友下个月就要退休了，他终生服务于国际奥委会。
____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________
He fled his hometown in 1992, when he was only 12 years old.
Her sons, both of whom work abroad, ring her up every week.
My friend is retiring next month, who has served on the International Olympic Committee all his life.
学习效果　当堂巩固
Ⅰ.根据语境及汉语提示完成句子
1．The ____________ (结论) of the problem was quite satisfactory.
2．She did the job very well in such hard ______________ (环境).
3．As a ________ (小说家), I've found a new relationship with libraries.
4．I checked all the ________ (图表) and found I had deleted the wrong thing.
5．She lost control and the tears began to ________ (流).
conclusion
circumstances
novelist
charts
flow
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．After graduating from college, I took some time off to go travelling, ________ turned out to be a wise decision.
2．The boy, ________ father is an engineer, studies very hard.
3．Our guide, ________ was a college teacher, was an excellent cook.
4．Thousands ___________ (flee) the country to keep away from the fights.
5．The meeting is concluded ________ an agreement signed by both sides.
which
whose
who
have fled
with
6．That old man has two sons, one of ________ is a doctor.
7．He was reading a book ____________ was written by Mark Twain.
8．He is said to be admitted by a famous university, ________ which he has worked hard for three years.
9．They went to Shanxi, ________ they would stay for a month.
10．I left on Sunday, ________ everyone was at home.
whom
that/which
for
where
when
Ⅲ.选词填空
1．Under no _______________ would we give up protecting the environment.
2．The young man _________________ what the professor said.
3．We also presented a simple ____________ and programs.
4．More tests should be conducted before we can ____________________.
5．This will keep them working properly and reduce____________.
circumstances
be impressed by; flow chart; circumstance; wear and tear; come to a conclusion
was impressed by
flow chart
come to a conclusion
wear and tear
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．如果你一直这样做，你会受到惩罚的。
If you keep doing so, you _____________________．
2．袁隆平教授终生致力于水稻的改良研究。
Professor Yuan Longping ____________________ his research about how to improve rice.
will be/get punished
committed himself to
3．牛顿是著名的物理学家，他发现了三条重要的定律。
Newton was a famous physicist, ______________ three important laws.
4．这个队的队长是个中国人，他来自一个历史悠久的小城。
The team is headed by a Chinese from a small town, ______________ is very long.
5．在那么多人面前他有点紧张，这是可以理解的。
In the presence of so many people he was a little tense, _____________________．
who discovered
whose history
which was understandable
课后课时作业
较易题(占比70%)　中档题(占比30%)　拔高题(占比0%)
Ⅰ　阅读
A
Dr Paul Farmer, who died unexpectedly at the age of 62 in Rwanda, was one of the most extraordinary people I have ever known. As co－founder of the global health organization Partners in Health, Paul spent more than 30 years changing the way health care is delivered in the poorest places on earth.
题号 Ⅰ Ⅱ
A B 难度 ★ ★★ ★
Along the way, his fine mind, big heart, and continuous drive to do good inspired countless others to follow his example.
While still a student at Harvard Medical School in the 1980s, Paul and his colleagues opened a one－room clinic in remote Cange, Haiti, where they not only cared for locals, but trained a team of health workers to serve the surrounding areas. He lived there in a simple home with concrete floors, and no hot water, not so different from the adapted bus he grew up in with his parents in Florida.
Within a few years, the clinic's work gained worldwide notice for bringing tuberculosis (肺结核) under control in the area. Today, Partners in Health operates 16 health institutions in Haiti, and employs a local staff of nearly 7，000. They also operate in 11 other countries, including Rwanda, where they partnered with the government to rebuild the nation's health system. Millions of people are served every year, most of whom live on less than a few dollars a day.
I'm honored to have worked closely with Paul. For 20 years, I watched him make a difference in the poorest places, even in the face of dysfunctional (功能失调的) politics and violence.
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了全球卫生组织Partners in Health的联合创始人Paul Farmer (保罗·法默)在海地Cange创办诊所，控制住了肺结核，并改变了最贫困地区医疗服务方式的故事。
Paul's passing is a huge loss to the world. But his voice still rings in our ears. All our lives are passing, but the purpose of living lasts: to lift others and enable them to live and work just as he did—with love, gratitude, and joy.
1．Which of the following best describes Paul
A．Careful and graceful.
B．Kind and influential.
C．Stubborn and sympathetic.
D．Aggressive and adventurous.
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段“Along the way ... to follow his example.”可知，Paul心怀善意为贫困人群带去了健康医疗的同时，也激励了无数人以他为榜样。由此可推知，Paul是一个善良又具有极强影响力的人。故选B。
2．What can we know about the clinic
A．It catches immediate worldwide attention.
B．It is located in Paul's hometown.
C．It is co－founded by Paul and the locals.
D．It treats patients and trains health workers.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“While still ... surrounding areas.”可知，诊所不仅治疗当地的病人，还培训了一批医疗工作者。故选D。
3．Why does the author mention the figures in Paragraph 4
A．To advocate cross－border cooperation.
B．To indicate the difficulties Paul faces.
C．To raise public concern about global health.
D．To highlight Paul's contributions to global health.
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段可知，本段讲述了Paul的诊所控制住了肺结核，并为其他国家的人民服务。由此可推知，作者提及那些数据旨在进一步突出Paul为全球卫生事业做出伟大的贡献。故选D。
4．What does Paul's story teach us
A．Well begun is half done.
B．To live in the moment counts.
C．Life is limited, yet kindness lasts.
D．Health matters more than wealth.
解析：推理判断题。通读全文，尤其根据最后一段中的“All our ... with love, gratitude, and joy.”可推知，通过Paul为全球卫生事业做出贡献的故事，文章主要教会我们：生命有限，但关爱他人却是永恒。故选C。
B
Ernst Mach was a weak child, born in Moravia(now Czechia) in 1838. He didn't even go to school until the age of 14. Instead, his parents educated him at home. Like many genius children, his teachers criticized him, calling him “unteachable, absolutely talentless”. Yet young Mach excelled at university in Vienna. He studied mathematics, physics and philosophy. He was also boundlessly curious. He conducted all kinds of experiments, believing that theories must be tried, tested, and proven in facts, but first formulated in the mind. He brought this rigorous (严密的) approach to his studies, believing that true science is based on what actually happens and can be observed.
In addition to his work in the sciences, Mach was also a well－rounded student, with interests in philosophy and even sports. He was an excellent boxer and fencer, which reflected the wide range of his abilities and interests.
As a teacher, Mach was serious and demanding. That was the model of pedagogy (教学) of his time, and Mach followed this standard: tight collar, buttoned－down tie, waistcoat and jacket, and serious eyes behind wire－framed glasses. He expected exactness from his students. Among those he influenced was the young Albert Einstein. Mach's insistence on clarity and rigorous testing of ideas helped shape Einstein's thinking. Though Mach was doubtful about some of Einstein's later conclusions, such as E＝mc2， his doubt drove Einstein to prove his ideas further. He pushed the young Einstein to achieve excellence.
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Ernst Mach (恩斯特·马赫)在科学方面的成就及其对Albert Einstein(阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦)的影响。
While Mach is credited with many theories of his own, including the aircraft velocity (速度) measurement that bears his name, “Mach 1, Mach 2, etc.”， his mentorship of Einstein is perhaps his greatest achievement. The best teachers in our lives also challenge us and see us as not yet complete but full of potential. They shine a light on the path that gets us to a successful reality. And through us, they live on.
5．What can we know about Ernst Mach from Paragraph 1
A．He attended university at the age of 14.
B．He was considered a genius by his teachers.
C．His early education was shaped by his parents.
D．His physical disability discouraged his studying.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“He didn't even ... educated him at home.(他直到14岁才上学。在此之前，他的父母在家里教育他。)”可知，Ernst Mach的早期教育受他父母的影响。故选C。
6．How did Ernst Mach impact Albert Einstein
A．He forced Einstein to give in.
B．He challenged Einstein to excel.
C．He introduced new theories to Einstein.
D．He inspired Einstein to focus on physics.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Mach's insistence on clarity ... to achieve excellence.(马赫坚持清晰和严格检验理论的做法帮助塑造了爱因斯坦的思想。虽然马赫对爱因斯坦后来的一些结论，如E＝mc2，持怀疑态度，但他的怀疑促使爱因斯坦进一步证明他的想法。他促使年轻的爱因斯坦取得卓越成就。)”可知，Ernst Mach通过挑战和敦促Einstein的方式影响了他，使Einstein不断追求卓越。故选B。
7．Which can best describe Ernst Mach
A．Cautious and ambitious.
B．Professional and influential.
C．Diligent and dependent.
D．Incredible and accessible.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“While Mach is credited with ... his greatest achievement.(虽然马赫因其许多理论(包括以他名字命名的飞机速度测量方法‘Mach 1、Mach 2’等)而受到赞誉，但他对爱因斯坦的指导或许是他最大的成就。)”可知，Ernst Mach在科学界具有很高的专业水平并影响了Einstein，由此可推知，他是专业且具有影响力的。故选B。
8．In which column of a magazine can we probably read this text
A．Sports.
B．Travel.
C．Fashion.
D．Education.
解析：推理判断题。通读全文，尤其根据最后一段中的“The best teachers ... they live on.”可知，本文主要讲述了Ernst Mach在科学方面的成就及其对Einstein的影响，由此可推知，我们可能会在杂志的教育栏目中读到这篇文章。故选D。
Ⅱ　语法填空
When the modern Olympic Games__1__ (start) in 1896 in Athens, Greece, there was no such thing as the Winter Olympics. __2__ (player) competed only in the Summer Games. However, there were the Nordic Games, a __3__ (compete) of winter sports that took place every few years starting from 1901. But the Nordic Games were only open to athletes from Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden.
The winter sports were popular, so in 1924 an International Winter Sports Week __4__ (hold) in Chamonix, France. About 250 athletes from 16 countries competed in nine sports and there were 11 female athletes, __5__ competed in figure skating.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了冬奥会的由来及现状。
Still, the Winter Olympics were under way, adding more sports to the games __6__ (especial) more sports for women. Women got the chance __7__ (take) part in skiing, ice hockey __8__ other sports. Now the Games have such __9__ (interest) events __10__ snowboarding and bobsledding (雪橇车比赛)．
1．________　2．________　3．________　4．________　5．________　
6．________　7．________　8．________　9．________　10．________
1．答案：started
2．答案：Players
解析：考查动词的时态。根据时间状语in 1896可知，此处应用一般过去时。故填started。
解析：考查名词。设空处应用名词作主语，参加夏季奥运会的运动员不止一名，所以应用复数。故填Players。
3．答案：competition
4．答案：was held
解析：考查词性转换。根据冠词a可知，此处应用单数可数名词competition。故填competition。
解析：考查动词的时态和语态。主语an International Winter Sports Week与谓语动词hold是被动关系，时间状语in 1924表明此处应用一般过去时。故填was held。
5．答案：who
6．答案：especially
解析：考查定语从句的引导词。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，解释说明female athletes，指人，从句中缺少主语，应用关系代词who。故填who。
解析：考查词性转换。句意：尽管如此，冬奥会仍在进行中，增加了更多的项目，尤其是更多的女子项目。此处应用副词作状语。故填especially。
7．答案：to take
8．答案：and
解析：考查非谓语动词。get the chance to do sth表示“有机会做某事”。此处应用不定式作定语修饰chance。故填to take。
解析：考查连词。此处skiing、 ice hockey与other sports是并列关系，应用连词and连接。故填and。
9．答案：interesting
10．答案：as/like
解析：考查词性转换。句意：现在奥运会有像滑雪板和雪橇车比赛这样有趣的项目。此处应用形容词作定语修饰名词events。故填interesting。
解析：考查介词。根据语境可知，snowboarding and bobsledding是列举的两个运动项目，应用介词as/like，表示“像……”。故填as/like。
Born in 1958 in Nanning, Guangxi, Huang Danian started to become interested in geophysics early in his childhood. In 1978, Huang was admitted to Changchun Institute of Geology (now Jilin University) to study in the Department of Applied Geophysics. In 1992, Huang went to Britain for further studies. Before going abroad, Huang said, “I will definitely bring back advanced foreign technology！” He earned his doctor's degree in geophysics four years later, finishing top of his class. He then joined a British geophysical service company in Cambridge as a senior geophysicist.
精深阅读
In 2008, Huang decided to give up his position in Britain and returned home with his wife. The decision was neither a random choice nor an impulse. For him, no matter how successful he was abroad, the biggest satisfaction would be improving his home country. Upon his return to China, he was entrusted to work at Jilin University as a full－time professor and chief scientist in a branch of China's biggest deep earth exploration program.
Wasting no time, he holed up in his newly set－up laboratory like crazy, working day and night. Huang worked racing against time, often with only two to three hours of sleep a day. To maximize his research time, he typically caught late－night flights at the last minute for meetings with his team members. His madness paid__off. He and his team created a number of China's No.1s, filling a number of technical gaps for China's sky survey, ground detection, and sea exploration.
Sadly, Huang began fainting frequently while working tirelessly for his dream. He was later found to have cancer, with tumors spreading to his stomach and liver. Obviously, as he was constantly working, he missed the key window for treatment. On January 8, 2017, at the age of 58, Huang closed his eyes forever. A bright star of science fell, leaving the science community in grief.
Patriotism had been rooted deeply in Huang's bones. As a strategic scientist, he fulfilled his dream of rejuvenating (使更有活力) the Chinese nation with his exceptional achievements.
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了中国著名地球物理学家黄大年的生平和贡献。
1．What can we learn about Huang Danian from the first two paragraphs
A．He was fond of geography when he was young.
B．He desired to make contributions to his homeland.
C．He went back to China from abroad just by accident.
D．He earned his doctor's degree in geophysics in China.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“I will definitely bring back advanced foreign technology！(我一定要把国外的先进技术带回来！)”可知，黄大年渴望为祖国做出贡献。故选B。
2．What does the underlined phrase “paid off” in Paragraph 3 mean
A．Got rewarded.
B．Got relieved.
C．Got refreshed.
D．Got recorded.
解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“He and his team ... and sea exploration.(他和他的团队创造了许多中国第一，填补了中国在天空勘测、地面探测和海洋探测方面的一些技术空白。)”可知，他的努力得到了回报。因此paid off意为“得到回报”。故选A。
3．Why did Huang miss the golden chance of treatment
A．Because he passed out more frequently.
B．Because he refused to have a thorough checkup.
C．Because the tumors in his body spread too quickly.
D．Because he devoted himself to his work continuously.
解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Obviously, as he was constantly working, he missed the key window for treatment.”可知，黄大年错过了治疗的黄金时机是因为他一直全身心地投入到工作中。故选D。
4．What can we learn from Huang's story
A．Experience is the mother of science.
B．Science is not a belief, but a method.
C．Science has no borders, but scientists have their homelands.
D．The seeds of science are for the harvest of the people's growth.
解析：推理判断题。通读全文可知，黄大年赴英国深造，获得了地球物理学博士学位并加入了位于剑桥的一家英国地球物理服务公司，后来毅然回国，为国效力。由此可推知，我们能从黄大年的故事中学到：科学无国界，但科学家有祖国。故选C。
(一)学习重点词汇
1．bring back(第一段)
带回；使恢复
引进
抚养成人；呕吐
提出；提前；结转
引起；导致
使显现；表达；推出
2．upon(第二段)
一……就；
根据；接近；在……之上
把……看作
依赖；指望；依靠
偶然遇见；突然降临
一……就……
as soon as
时间状语
熟义 n. _______________ A branch whipped across the car window.
一条_________突然划过车窗。
n. ________________ Deposits can be made at any branch.
在任何一家______都可以存钱。
生义 n. _________________ He has been transferred to another branch.
他被调到另一个______去了。
v. ____________ The river branches into two smaller streams near the village.
河流在村庄附近______成两条小溪。
3．branch(第二段)
树枝；分枝
树枝
分支机构；分店
分行
(政府或机构的)部门
部门
分岔，岔开
分岔
(二)不看原文，请尝试将图中内容补充完整
early in his childhood
3．branch(第二段)
give up
China's No.1s
passed away
(三)翻译并背诵佳句
Wasting no time, he holed up in his newly set－up laboratory like crazy, working day and night.
____________________________________________________________________
他一刻也不浪费，扎进新建立的实验室里，夜以继日地疯狂工作。
3．branch(第二段)英语　选择性必修 第一册 RJ
Section Ⅱ　Learning About Language
一　阅读单词及词块(3个)
写出英语单词
1．penicillin n. 青霉素；盘尼西林
2．chart n. 图表　vt. 记录；制订计划
3．flow__chart 流程图
二　核心单词(3个)
A．写出英语单词
1．flee vi.& vt. 迅速离开；逃跑
2．circumstance n. 条件；环境；状况
3．flow n. 流；流动；流畅；供应　vi. 流；流动
B．用上面的单词填空，使句意完整
1．(牛津高阶)She never discovered the true circumstances of her birth.
2．(中国日报)The suspects attempted to flee and shot wildly at the officers.
三　拓展单词(2个)
A．写出英语单词，并尝试写出其词性转换(可查字典)
1．conclusion n. 结论；推论→conclude v. 断定；推断出；得出结论
2．novel n. (长篇)小说→novelist n. 小说家
B．用上面的单词填空，使句意完整
1．(牛津高阶)He is now engaged on his second novel．
2．(柯林斯词典)Larry had__concluded that he had no choice but to accept Paul's words as the truth.
四　重点短语(1个)
A．写出英语短语
wear__and__tear (正常使用造成的)磨损；损耗
B．翻译
(牛津高阶)这种地毯设计得十分耐用。
The__carpet__is__designed__to__stand__up__to__a__lot__of__wear__and__tear.
1 conclusion n. 结论；推论(教材P4)
归纳
助记
①(剑桥高阶)Did you come to/reach/draw/arrive at any conclusions at the meeting this morning
你在今天上午的会议上得出了什么结论吗？
②(中国日报)In conclusion, only by being smart online learners can we truly enjoy the benefits of modern technology.
总之，只有成为聪明的在线学习者，我们才能真正享受现代技术的好处。
③(朗文当代)To conclude, I'd like to express my thanks to my family.
最后，我要感谢我的家人。
【运用】单句语法填空
①He concluded from their remarks that they were not in favour of the plan.
②We can safely draw some conclusions (conclude) from our discussion.
③He concluded his speech with a famous saying: It's never too late to start.
【输出】翻译
④New evidence might lead to the conclusion that we are wrong.
新的证据也许会推断出我们是错的。
⑤最后，我祝愿本次会议取得圆满成功！
To__conclude,__I__wish__this__meeting__a__complete__success!
2 circumstance n. 条件；环境；状况(教材P5)
归纳
①(柯林斯词典)She made it clear that under no circumstances would she cancel the trip.
她明确表示，无论如何她都不会取消旅行。
②(牛津高阶)Under the circumstances, it seemed better not to tell him about the accident.
在这种情况下，不告诉他有关这次事故的情况似乎更好。
③(牛津高阶)I know I can trust her in any circumstances.
我知道我在任何情况下都能信任她。
【运用】单句语法填空
①If you received it, in/under any circumstances do not open it and delete it immediately.
②His words were of little comfort in the circumstances (circumstance)．
③Under no circumstances did I know I would meet so many difficulties when I decided to take the job.
【输出】翻译
④一般情况下，奶奶让我帮忙做点家务活，我都会说“行”。
In/Under__normal__circumstances,__I__would__say__“yes”__when__my__grandma__asks__me__to__help__with__some__housework.
3 flow n. 流；流动；流畅；供应　vi. 流；流动(教材P5)
归纳
助记
①(中国日报)In general, people enjoy their travels and goods flow smoothly.
一般来说，人们享受旅行且货物流通顺畅。
②(柯林斯词典)We are keeping our head above water, but our cash flow position is not too good.
我们虽然还未陷入困境，但资金流转状况不太好。
③(剑桥高阶)The river flows through three counties before flowing into the sea just south of here.
这条河流经三个县，然后在这里以南流入大海。
【运用】单句语法填空
①Hope seems like the summer birds to swiftly flow away．
②Since there's nothing I can do about the problem, I might as well go with the flow.
【输出】翻译
③Too many examples can interrupt the smooth flow of the text.
例子太多会使行文不流畅。
④有一条小溪穿过他们的花园。
There's__a__stream__that__flows__through__their__garden.
一、定义
非限制性定语从句是对先行词作附加说明，如果去掉，主句的意思仍然完整。
She was married to Tony, who was also a doctor.
她嫁给了托尼，托尼也是位医生。
此处who引导非限制性定语从句，去掉之后句子依然成立。在一般情况下，非限制性定语从句用逗号和句子的其他部分隔开，对先行词起附加说明的作用。
The note was left by Jim, who was here a moment ago.
这张便条是吉姆留下的，他刚才来过。
This is George, whose class you will be taking.
这是乔治，你将接管他的班级。
I have many friends, some of whom are painters.
我有许多朋友，其中有些是画家。
She was very fond of speaking French, which indeed she spoke well.
她很喜欢讲法语，而且讲得确实很好。
二、引导词的使用
1.不用关系代词that
非限制性定语从句的关系代词无论指“物”还是指“人”，都不能用that。指人时，如果关系词在从句中作主语，则用who，作宾语则用whom；指物时要用which。关系代词在从句中作宾语时也不能省略。
Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year.
查尔斯·史密斯去年退休了，他曾是我的老师。
The book, which my mother bought for me yesterday, is very interesting.
这本书很有趣，这是我妈妈昨天给我买的。
2．关系代词和关系副词的选择
(1)从句中缺主语或宾语时，用关系代词。指人，在从句中作主语、宾语或表语时，用who，在从句中作宾语时，也可用whom；指物或指代整个主句的内容，在从句中作主语或宾语时，用which；指人或物，在从句中作定语时，用whose。
(2)从句中缺状语时，用关系副词。作时间状语时，用when，作地点状语时，用where；when/where有时可换成“介词＋which”。通常不用why作原因状语，但可以用for which。
The old man has a daughter, who is an artist.
这位老人有一个女儿，她是一名艺术家。(who在从句中作主语)
We will put off the picnic in the park until next week, when the weather may be better.
我们将把去公园野餐的时间推迟到下周，那时天气可能更好。(when在从句中作时间状语)
3．“介词＋关系代词”引导
在“介词＋关系代词”中，关系代词用whom指人，用which指物。
He worked in a car factory for four years, after which he founded his own company in his hometown.
他在一家汽车厂工作了四年，之后在他的家乡建立了自己的公司。
We are short of two people, without whom we will need three more days to finish the work.
我们缺少2个人，没有他们，我们还需要3天完成这项工作。
　单句语法填空
①Our graduation will be held in two weeks, when we'll say goodbye to our teachers.
②These apple trees, which I planted three years ago, have provided very good fruits.
③Holly, who is from Australia, has a good command of Chinese.
④I had told them the reason, for which I couldn't attend the meeting.
⑤Our company has many workers, most of whom are over 28 years old.
三、与限制性定语从句的区别
1.形式不同：非限制性定语从句与主句之间通常用逗号隔开，位于句中时，前后都需要用逗号隔开。而限制性定语从句的主句和从句之间不用逗号隔开。
2．功能不同：非限制性定语从句对先行词起解释说明作用，省略后主句部分仍然清楚、完整。限制性定语从句对先行词进行修饰、限制和识别，如果省略，就会造成主句句意不完整或概念不清楚。
People who take physical exercise live longer.
进行体育锻炼的人更长寿。(若把从句去掉，句子意义不完整)
His daughter, who is in Boston now, is coming home next week.
他女儿现在在波士顿，下星期回来。(若把从句去掉，句子意义仍然完整)
3．翻译不同：在翻译定语从句时，常把非限制性定语从句与主句分开，单独翻译成句；而把限制性定语从句翻译成形容词，放在它所修饰的先行词之前。
He is the man whose car was stolen.
他就是汽车被偷的那个人。
I've invited Jim, who lives in the next flat.
我邀请了吉姆，他就住在隔壁公寓里。
4．含义不同
I have a sister who is a doctor.
我有一个当医生的姐姐。(姐姐可能不止一个)
I have a sister, who is a doctor.
我有一个姐姐，她是一名医生。(只有一个姐姐)
5．先行词不同：非限制性定语从句的先行词可以是名词或代词，也可以是短语或句子；而限制性定语从句的先行词只能是名词或代词。另外，当先行词为专有名词或其他具有独一无二性质的普通名词时，通常用非限制性定语从句，而不用限制性定语从句。
Peter drove too fast, which was dangerous.
彼得开车太快了，这是很危险的。(which指代drive too fast)
He changed his mind, which made me very angry.
他改变了主意，这使我很生气。(which指代整个主句)
Mr Smith, who is our boss, will leave for Japan next week.
我们的老板史密斯先生下周要去日本。(先行词为专有名词，常用非限制性定语从句)
Her father, who has a lot of money, wishes her to study abroad.
她父亲很有钱，希望她出国学习。(先行词为表示独一无二意义的普通名词，常用非限制性定语从句)
6．关系词不同：关系词that和why可用于限制性定语从句中，而通常不用于非限制性定语从句；另外，在限制性定语从句中，关系词有时可以省略，而在非限制性定语从句中关系词不可以省略。
　翻译
①他就是你正在找的那个人。
He__is__the__man__whom/who/that__you__are__looking__for.
②我去过北京，那是一个很美丽的城市。
I've__been__to__Beijing,__which__is__a__very__beautiful__city.
③他于1992年逃离家乡，当时他只有12岁。
He__fled__his__hometown__in__1992,__when__he__was__only__12__years__old.
④她的两个儿子每周都给她打电话，他们都在国外工作。
Her__sons,__both__of__whom__work__abroad,__ring__her__up__every__week.
⑤我朋友下个月就要退休了，他终生服务于国际奥委会。
My__friend__is__retiring__next__month,__who__has__served__on__the__International__Olympic__Committee__all__his__life.
Ⅰ.根据语境及汉语提示完成句子
1．The ________ (结论) of the problem was quite satisfactory.
答案：conclusion
2．She did the job very well in such hard ________ (环境).
答案：circumstances
3．As a ________ (小说家), I've found a new relationship with libraries.
答案：novelist
4．I checked all the ________ (图表) and found I had deleted the wrong thing.
答案：charts
5．She lost control and the tears began to ________ (流).
答案：flow
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．After graduating from college, I took some time off to go travelling, ________ turned out to be a wise decision.
答案：which
2．The boy, ________ father is an engineer, studies very hard.
答案：whose
3．Our guide, ________ was a college teacher, was an excellent cook.
答案：who
4．Thousands ________ (flee) the country to keep away from the fights.
答案：have fled
5．The meeting is concluded ________ an agreement signed by both sides.
答案：with
6．That old man has two sons, one of ________ is a doctor.
答案：whom
7．He was reading a book ________ was written by Mark Twain.
答案：that/which
8．He is said to be admitted by a famous university, ________ which he has worked hard for three years.
答案：for
9．They went to Shanxi, ________ they would stay for a month.
答案：where
10．I left on Sunday, ________ everyone was at home.
答案：when
Ⅲ.选词填空
be impressed by; flow chart; circumstance; wear and tear; come to a conclusion
1．Under no ____________ would we give up protecting the environment.
答案：circumstances
2．The young man ____________ what the professor said.
答案：was impressed by
3．We also presented a simple ____________ and programs.
答案：flow chart
4．More tests should be conducted before we can ____________.
答案：come to a conclusion
5．This will keep them working properly and reduce____________.
答案：wear and tear
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．如果你一直这样做，你会受到惩罚的。
If you keep doing so, you ________________．
答案：will be/get punished
2．袁隆平教授终生致力于水稻的改良研究。
Professor Yuan Longping ________________ his research about how to improve rice.
答案：committed himself to
3．牛顿是著名的物理学家，他发现了三条重要的定律。
Newton was a famous physicist, ______________ three important laws.
答案：who discovered
4．这个队的队长是个中国人，他来自一个历史悠久的小城。
The team is headed by a Chinese from a small town, ______________ is very long.
答案：whose history
5．在那么多人面前他有点紧张，这是可以理解的。
In the presence of so many people he was a little tense, ________________________．
答案：which was understandable
课后课时作业
较易题(占比70%)　中档题(占比30%)　拔高题(占比0%)
题号 Ⅰ Ⅱ
A B
难度 ★ ★★ ★
Ⅰ　阅读
A
Dr Paul Farmer, who died unexpectedly at the age of 62 in Rwanda, was one of the most extraordinary people I have ever known. As co－founder of the global health organization Partners in Health, Paul spent more than 30 years changing the way health care is delivered in the poorest places on earth.
Along the way, his fine mind, big heart, and continuous drive to do good inspired countless others to follow his example.
While still a student at Harvard Medical School in the 1980s, Paul and his colleagues opened a one－room clinic in remote Cange, Haiti, where they not only cared for locals, but trained a team of health workers to serve the surrounding areas. He lived there in a simple home with concrete floors, and no hot water, not so different from the adapted bus he grew up in with his parents in Florida.
Within a few years, the clinic's work gained worldwide notice for bringing tuberculosis (肺结核) under control in the area. Today, Partners in Health operates 16 health institutions in Haiti, and employs a local staff of nearly 7，000. They also operate in 11 other countries, including Rwanda, where they partnered with the government to rebuild the nation's health system. Millions of people are served every year, most of whom live on less than a few dollars a day.
I'm honored to have worked closely with Paul. For 20 years, I watched him make a difference in the poorest places, even in the face of dysfunctional (功能失调的) politics and violence.
Paul's passing is a huge loss to the world. But his voice still rings in our ears. All our lives are passing, but the purpose of living lasts: to lift others and enable them to live and work just as he did—with love, gratitude, and joy.
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了全球卫生组织Partners in Health的联合创始人Paul Farmer (保罗·法默)在海地Cange创办诊所，控制住了肺结核，并改变了最贫困地区医疗服务方式的故事。
1．Which of the following best describes Paul
A．Careful and graceful.
B．Kind and influential.
C．Stubborn and sympathetic.
D．Aggressive and adventurous.
答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段“Along the way ... to follow his example.”可知，Paul心怀善意为贫困人群带去了健康医疗的同时，也激励了无数人以他为榜样。由此可推知，Paul是一个善良又具有极强影响力的人。故选B。
2．What can we know about the clinic
A．It catches immediate worldwide attention.
B．It is located in Paul's hometown.
C．It is co－founded by Paul and the locals.
D．It treats patients and trains health workers.
答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“While still ... surrounding areas.”可知，诊所不仅治疗当地的病人，还培训了一批医疗工作者。故选D。
3．Why does the author mention the figures in Paragraph 4
A．To advocate cross－border cooperation.
B．To indicate the difficulties Paul faces.
C．To raise public concern about global health.
D．To highlight Paul's contributions to global health.
答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段可知，本段讲述了Paul的诊所控制住了肺结核，并为其他国家的人民服务。由此可推知，作者提及那些数据旨在进一步突出Paul为全球卫生事业做出伟大的贡献。故选D。
4．What does Paul's story teach us
A．Well begun is half done.
B．To live in the moment counts.
C．Life is limited, yet kindness lasts.
D．Health matters more than wealth.
答案：C
解析：推理判断题。通读全文，尤其根据最后一段中的“All our ... with love, gratitude, and joy.”可推知，通过Paul为全球卫生事业做出贡献的故事，文章主要教会我们：生命有限，但关爱他人却是永恒。故选C。
B
Ernst Mach was a weak child, born in Moravia(now Czechia) in 1838. He didn't even go to school until the age of 14. Instead, his parents educated him at home. Like many genius children, his teachers criticized him, calling him “unteachable, absolutely talentless”. Yet young Mach excelled at university in Vienna. He studied mathematics, physics and philosophy. He was also boundlessly curious. He conducted all kinds of experiments, believing that theories must be tried, tested, and proven in facts, but first formulated in the mind. He brought this rigorous (严密的) approach to his studies, believing that true science is based on what actually happens and can be observed.
In addition to his work in the sciences, Mach was also a well－rounded student, with interests in philosophy and even sports. He was an excellent boxer and fencer, which reflected the wide range of his abilities and interests.
As a teacher, Mach was serious and demanding. That was the model of pedagogy (教学) of his time, and Mach followed this standard: tight collar, buttoned－down tie, waistcoat and jacket, and serious eyes behind wire－framed glasses. He expected exactness from his students. Among those he influenced was the young Albert Einstein. Mach's insistence on clarity and rigorous testing of ideas helped shape Einstein's thinking. Though Mach was doubtful about some of Einstein's later conclusions, such as E＝mc2， his doubt drove Einstein to prove his ideas further. He pushed the young Einstein to achieve excellence.
While Mach is credited with many theories of his own, including the aircraft velocity (速度) measurement that bears his name, “Mach 1, Mach 2, etc.”， his mentorship of Einstein is perhaps his greatest achievement. The best teachers in our lives also challenge us and see us as not yet complete but full of potential. They shine a light on the path that gets us to a successful reality. And through us, they live on.
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Ernst Mach (恩斯特·马赫)在科学方面的成就及其对Albert Einstein(阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦)的影响。
5．What can we know about Ernst Mach from Paragraph 1
A．He attended university at the age of 14.
B．He was considered a genius by his teachers.
C．His early education was shaped by his parents.
D．His physical disability discouraged his studying.
答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“He didn't even ... educated him at home.(他直到14岁才上学。在此之前，他的父母在家里教育他。)”可知，Ernst Mach的早期教育受他父母的影响。故选C。
6．How did Ernst Mach impact Albert Einstein
A．He forced Einstein to give in.
B．He challenged Einstein to excel.
C．He introduced new theories to Einstein.
D．He inspired Einstein to focus on physics.
答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Mach's insistence on clarity ... to achieve excellence.(马赫坚持清晰和严格检验理论的做法帮助塑造了爱因斯坦的思想。虽然马赫对爱因斯坦后来的一些结论，如E＝mc2，持怀疑态度，但他的怀疑促使爱因斯坦进一步证明他的想法。他促使年轻的爱因斯坦取得卓越成就。)”可知，Ernst Mach通过挑战和敦促Einstein的方式影响了他，使Einstein不断追求卓越。故选B。
7．Which can best describe Ernst Mach
A．Cautious and ambitious.
B．Professional and influential.
C．Diligent and dependent.
D．Incredible and accessible.
答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“While Mach is credited with ... his greatest achievement.(虽然马赫因其许多理论(包括以他名字命名的飞机速度测量方法‘Mach 1、Mach 2’等)而受到赞誉，但他对爱因斯坦的指导或许是他最大的成就。)”可知，Ernst Mach在科学界具有很高的专业水平并影响了Einstein，由此可推知，他是专业且具有影响力的。故选B。
8．In which column of a magazine can we probably read this text
A．Sports. B．Travel.
C．Fashion. D．Education.
答案：D
解析：推理判断题。通读全文，尤其根据最后一段中的“The best teachers ... they live on.”可知，本文主要讲述了Ernst Mach在科学方面的成就及其对Einstein的影响，由此可推知，我们可能会在杂志的教育栏目中读到这篇文章。故选D。
Ⅱ　语法填空
When the modern Olympic Games__1__ (start) in 1896 in Athens, Greece, there was no such thing as the Winter Olympics. __2__ (player) competed only in the Summer Games. However, there were the Nordic Games, a __3__ (compete) of winter sports that took place every few years starting from 1901. But the Nordic Games were only open to athletes from Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden.
The winter sports were popular, so in 1924 an International Winter Sports Week __4__ (hold) in Chamonix, France. About 250 athletes from 16 countries competed in nine sports and there were 11 female athletes, __5__ competed in figure skating.
Still, the Winter Olympics were under way, adding more sports to the games __6__ (especial) more sports for women. Women got the chance __7__ (take) part in skiing, ice hockey __8__ other sports. Now the Games have such __9__ (interest) events __10__ snowboarding and bobsledding (雪橇车比赛)．
1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________
5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________
9．________　10.________
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了冬奥会的由来及现状。
1．答案：started
解析：考查动词的时态。根据时间状语in 1896可知，此处应用一般过去时。故填started。
2．答案：Players
解析：考查名词。设空处应用名词作主语，参加夏季奥运会的运动员不止一名，所以应用复数。故填Players。
3．答案：competition
解析：考查词性转换。根据冠词a可知，此处应用单数可数名词competition。故填competition。
4．答案：was held
解析：考查动词的时态和语态。主语an International Winter Sports Week与谓语动词hold是被动关系，时间状语in 1924表明此处应用一般过去时。故填was held。
5．答案：who
解析：考查定语从句的引导词。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，解释说明female athletes，指人，从句中缺少主语，应用关系代词who。故填who。
6．答案：especially
解析：考查词性转换。句意：尽管如此，冬奥会仍在进行中，增加了更多的项目，尤其是更多的女子项目。此处应用副词作状语。故填especially。
7．答案：to take
解析：考查非谓语动词。get the chance to do sth表示“有机会做某事”。此处应用不定式作定语修饰chance。故填to take。
8．答案：and
解析：考查连词。此处skiing、 ice hockey与other sports是并列关系，应用连词and连接。故填and。
9．答案：interesting
解析：考查词性转换。句意：现在奥运会有像滑雪板和雪橇车比赛这样有趣的项目。此处应用形容词作定语修饰名词events。故填interesting。
10．答案：as/like
解析：考查介词。根据语境可知，snowboarding and bobsledding是列举的两个运动项目，应用介词as/like，表示“像……”。故填as/like。
　精深阅读
Born in 1958 in Nanning, Guangxi, Huang Danian started to become interested in geophysics early in his childhood. In 1978, Huang was admitted to Changchun Institute of Geology (now Jilin University) to study in the Department of Applied Geophysics. In 1992, Huang went to Britain for further studies. Before going abroad, Huang said, “I will definitely bring back advanced foreign technology！” He earned his doctor's degree in geophysics four years later, finishing top of his class. He then joined a British geophysical service company in Cambridge as a senior geophysicist.
In 2008, Huang decided to give up his position in Britain and returned home with his wife. The decision was neither a random choice nor an impulse. For him, no matter how successful he was abroad, the biggest satisfaction would be improving his home country. Upon his return to China, he was entrusted to work at Jilin University as a full－time professor and chief scientist in a branch of China's biggest deep earth exploration program.
Wasting no time, he holed up in his newly set－up laboratory like crazy, working day and night. Huang worked racing against time, often with only two to three hours of sleep a day. To maximize his research time, he typically caught late－night flights at the last minute for meetings with his team members. His madness paid__off. He and his team created a number of China's No.1s, filling a number of technical gaps for China's sky survey, ground detection, and sea exploration.
Sadly, Huang began fainting frequently while working tirelessly for his dream. He was later found to have cancer, with tumors spreading to his stomach and liver. Obviously, as he was constantly working, he missed the key window for treatment. On January 8, 2017, at the age of 58, Huang closed his eyes forever. A bright star of science fell, leaving the science community in grief.
Patriotism had been rooted deeply in Huang's bones. As a strategic scientist, he fulfilled his dream of rejuvenating (使更有活力) the Chinese nation with his exceptional achievements.
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了中国著名地球物理学家黄大年的生平和贡献。
1．What can we learn about Huang Danian from the first two paragraphs
A．He was fond of geography when he was young.
B．He desired to make contributions to his homeland.
C．He went back to China from abroad just by accident.
D．He earned his doctor's degree in geophysics in China.
答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“I will definitely bring back advanced foreign technology！(我一定要把国外的先进技术带回来！)”可知，黄大年渴望为祖国做出贡献。故选B。
2．What does the underlined phrase “paid off” in Paragraph 3 mean
A．Got rewarded. B．Got relieved.
C．Got refreshed. D．Got recorded.
答案：A
解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“He and his team ... and sea exploration.(他和他的团队创造了许多中国第一，填补了中国在天空勘测、地面探测和海洋探测方面的一些技术空白。)”可知，他的努力得到了回报。因此paid off意为“得到回报”。故选A。
3．Why did Huang miss the golden chance of treatment
A．Because he passed out more frequently.
B．Because he refused to have a thorough checkup.
C．Because the tumors in his body spread too quickly.
D．Because he devoted himself to his work continuously.
答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Obviously, as he was constantly working, he missed the key window for treatment.”可知，黄大年错过了治疗的黄金时机是因为他一直全身心地投入到工作中。故选D。
4．What can we learn from Huang's story
A．Experience is the mother of science.
B．Science is not a belief, but a method.
C．Science has no borders, but scientists have their homelands.
D．The seeds of science are for the harvest of the people's growth.
答案：C
解析：推理判断题。通读全文可知，黄大年赴英国深造，获得了地球物理学博士学位并加入了位于剑桥的一家英国地球物理服务公司，后来毅然回国，为国效力。由此可推知，我们能从黄大年的故事中学到：科学无国界，但科学家有祖国。故选C。
(一)学习重点词汇
1．bring back(第一段)
2．upon(第二段)
3．branch(第二段)
熟义 n. 树枝；分枝 A branch whipped across the car window. 一条树枝突然划过车窗。
n. 分支机构；分店 Deposits can be made at any branch. 在任何一家分行都可以存钱。
生义 n. (政府或机构的)部门 He has been transferred to another branch. 他被调到另一个部门去了。
v. 分岔，岔开 The river branches into two smaller streams near the village. 河流在村庄附近分岔成两条小溪。
(二)不看原文，请尝试将图中内容补充完整
(三)翻译并背诵佳句
Wasting no time, he holed up in his newly set－up laboratory like crazy, working day and night.
他一刻也不浪费，扎进新建立的实验室里，夜以继日地疯狂工作。
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