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(共17张PPT)
Unit 2 Getting along
Grammar
Learning Objectives
In this lesson, you will:
1. learn more usage of the present perfect tense.
2. use for and since correctly in present perfect tense.
3. discuss the experience of sharing.
我们什么时候使用现在完成时？
表示以前某个时间发生的行为或曾经做过的事情对目前有某种影响时用现在完成时。
现在完成时的结构是什么？
have / has +动词的过去分词
现在完成时强调的是什么？
过去已经发生的行为或事情对现在的影响。
Think and Discuss
Read the following sentences. What are their meanings
(a) The Giant has been away for a long time.
(b) Since then, he hasn’t seen a child there.
(a) 巨人离开已经有一段时间了。
(b) 从那以后，他再也没有在那里见过一个孩子。
What tense are the above sentences in
现在完成时还可以表达某一行为或状态从过去某一时间，一直持续到现在。
Examples
I have had the dog for three months.
这条狗我已经养了三个月了。
We have played football for a year.
我们现在已经踢了一年足球了。
I have been like this since Friday.
我从周五开始就一直这样。
I have not done much exercise since I got my computer last year.
自从去年有了电脑，我就没怎么锻炼了。
What do “for” and “since” mean in these two sentences
(a) The Giant has been away for a long time.
(b) Since then, he hasn’t seen a child there.
for意为“多久”
since意为“自从”
Now find more sentences with these structures in the reading passage.
I haven’t heard that beautiful song for a while.
I cannot understand why spring has not come since last year.
有一段时间
自从去年
Grammar Rules
表示行为或状态从过去一直持续到现在，通常要与表示一段时间的时间状语连用，这类状语通常由for或since引导。
for + 一段时间，如：for a long time, for five years, etc.
sicne + 时间点，如：since August 2024, since yesterday, since two o’clock, etc.
对现在完成时的时间状语进行提问时，我们常用How long。
We have played football for a year .
How long have you played football
I have been like this since Friday.
How long have you been like this
I have had the dog for three months .
How long have you had the dog
Attention!
在表示某一行为或状态持续多长时间时，需要根据终止时间的不同和语境，使用不同的时态。
I stayed in the hotel for a week last summer.
（叙述去年夏天的事情，用一般过去时。）
I have stayed in the hotel for a week.
（表示到现在为止已经住了一周，用现在完成时。）
I will stay in the hotel for a week next month.
（讲述下个月的事，用一般将来时。）
Attention!
在现在完成时的句子中，表示持续的动作或状态时，动词通常与表示时间段的时间状语连用；而表示动作已经完成时，动词不能与表示时间段的时间状语连用。
Tom has been here for two hours.
Tom已经来了两个小时了。
Tom has just come.
Tom刚到。
除表示经历、持续至今的行为或状态外，现在完成时还可以表示到目前为止量的积累。例如：
I have learnt 20 English songs.
我已经学会了20首英文歌曲。
I have colletcted 300 stamps.
我已经收集了300枚邮票。
Complete the sentences with for or since.
1. We have been friends ______ Grade 3.
2. They have been together ______ three years.
3. ______ last year, we’ve shared a lot of happy moments.
since
for
Since
Grammar Exercises
Complete the news article with for, since, and correct form of the words in brackets.
Free ice creams,
priceless gifts
23 March, 2020
Most people hope to receive birthday gifts. But Jimmy Teng, or “Uncle Jimmy”, does things differently.
The 74-year-old has sold ice creams______
the past 17 years in Singapore.
Every year, on 22 March—his birthday—he ______ (offer) free ice creams. He has done this _______ his 70th birthday.
for
offers
since
This year, Uncle Jimmy plans to give away 800 ice creams. “People _________ (be) quite stressed recently and I want to help,” he said. “Sharing has made me feel happy _______ the past four years.”
He _______ (enjoy) talking with his customers. Many of them have become his friends ______ they first met. Some students helped him set up social media pages. He has made many friends online ______ then.
have been
for
enjoys
since
since
When did it happen
What happened
It was last Thursday during our club activity time.
Work in pairs. Discuss your experience of sharing. Use the words from the reading passage and the Useful expressions to help you.
I shared the book Charlie and the Chocolate Factory with my classmate Li Xin. Both of us are at the reading club at school.
How did you feel about it
What have you learnt from it
I felt really pleased. It’s fun to share such an interesting book with a classmate.
Sharing can bring people closer. Sharing a good book with a classmate can make reading more fun.
Useful expressions
I have shared... with... for / since...
Sharing really brings ...
Sharing has allowed / shown / taught me...
One day,...
How does sharing make you feel
It makes me feel... because...

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