资源简介

Unit 3 To be a good learner 知识点
重要短语句型：
逆水行舟 _____________________________________________
落后 _____________________________________________
依靠别人 _____________________________________________
停止变得更好 _____________________________________________
引导你走上正确的道路 _____________________________________________
有良好的学习技巧 _____________________________________________
帮助管理好我们的时间 _____________________________________________
终身学习者 ______________________________________
美国的开国元勋之一 ______________________________________
一个多才多艺的人 ______________________________________
他无数的发明 ________________________________
发明一种特殊的眼镜 ________________________________
免费 ______________________________________
充满了奇迹和成功 ______________________________________
清楚地表达他们自己 ______________________________________
让用另一种语言进行日常对话更容易 ___________________________________
有强烈的愿望做某事 ____________________________________________
使...突出，使...与众不同 ____________________________________________
通过做某事自学 ____________________________________________
对某事感到好奇 ____________________________________________
令人惊讶的是 ____________________________________________
千里之行，始于足下。____________________________________________
如果你愿意学习，你就会更加努力。____________________________________________
她认真倾听我说话，也很理解我。_______________________________________________
赵元任认为花尽可能多的时间读、说和听这门语言是很重要的。
_______________________________________________________________________________
赵认为，最好专注于句子，而不是单词。
_______________________________________________________________________________
Welcome to the unit
1. Give a man a fish and you feed him for a day. 给一个人一条鱼，你能喂他一天。教材P35
[解析] feed 动词，意为“为...提供食物；喂养” 过去式__________
> Could you please _____________ my cat for me 请你帮我喂猫好吗
[拓展]
feed on 以...为食 feed oneself 自己吃
feed sth. to sb. = feed sb. sth. 喂某人某物 feed sb. on sth. 用某物喂某人
> Horses feed on grass. 马以草为食。
> The child is old enough to feed himself. 这个孩子足够大了，能自己吃饭了。
> We feed wheat to the cattle. = We feed the cattle wheat. 我们喂牛(吃)小麦。
2. Teach a man to fish and you feed him for a lifetime.
教一个人钓鱼，你能喂他一辈子。 教材P35
[解析] fish 动词，意为“钓鱼，捕鱼” 过去式_________ 现在分词____________
go fishing意为“去钓鱼”
> They fished all day but caught nothing. 他们钓了一整天鱼，但什么也没钓到。
> I saw him fishing by the lake. 我看见他在湖边钓鱼。
[拓展] fish作名词，意为“鱼”，
指“鱼的条数”时单复数形式相同 two fish两条鱼；
指“鱼的种类”时，复数是fishes many kinds of fishes许多种类的鱼。
fisherman 名词，意为“渔民，钓鱼的人” 复数为fishermen.
3. A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step. 千里之行，始于足下。 教材P35
[解析] single 形容词，意为“单个的；单身的”，作定语或表语。
be single意为“单身的；未婚的” a single ticket意为“单程票”
> She is still single. 她仍然单身。
> She booked a single room for the trip. 她为旅行订了一间单人房。
[拓展] single作名词，意为“单程票；单曲；单身者”，复数形式为singles.
> Singles often face social pressure. 单身者常面临社会压力。
4. Studying is like rowing a boat against moving water; if you don't move forward, you will fall behind. 学如逆水行舟，不进则退。 教材P35
(1) [解析] against 介词，意为“逆，反对”
be against意为“反对；违背” 反义短语be for意为“赞成”
fight against意为“与……作斗争；对抗”； against the law意为“违法”
> I am against this plan. 我反对这个计划。
> We should fight against pollution. 我们应该与污染作斗争。
[拓展] against的其他意思：
against 紧靠，倚靠 against the wall 意为“靠着墙”
和...相比 against last year 意为“与去年相比”
防备，预防 guard against 意为“防范；预防”
逆着， 迎着 against the current 意为“逆着水流”
> He put the ladder against the wall. 他把梯子靠在了墙上。
> We should take some medicine against the flu. 我们应该吃些药预防流感。
> The red flag looks very bright against the blue sky. 红旗在蓝天的衬托下显得格外鲜艳。
(2) [解析] fall behind 意为“落后” 反义短语take the lead.
fall behind sb. /sth. 意为“落后于某人/某事物”；
fall behind in/with sth. 意为“在某方面(如学习、工作、付款等)落后”
> If you don't study hard, you will fall behind your classmates.
如果你不努力学习，你就会落后于你的同学。
> She fell behind with her work because of her illness. 她因为生病，工作落后了。
5. For me, one thing is to have strong drive to learn.
对我来说，一件事就是要有很强的学习动力。 教材P35
[解析] drive 名词，意为“冲劲；本能需求”
have a drive to do sth. 意为“有动力做某事”
> She has a strong drive to _________________. 她有强烈的成功欲望。
> I have a drive to learn a new language because I want to communicate with people from different cultures. 我有动力去学习一门新语言，因为我想和来自不同文化的人交流。
[拓展] drive作动词，意为“驾驶；开车；驱赶；迫使”等 过去式___________
drive sb. to +地点 意为“开车送某人去某地”
drive sb. mad/crazy意为“使某人发疯” drive away意为“赶走；驱散”
> My father drives me to school every morning. 我父亲每天早上开车送我去学校。
> The noise outside is driving me mad. 外面的噪声快把我逼疯了。
6. A good teacher will guide you on the right path.
一位好老师会引导你走上正确的道路。 教材P35
[解析] guide 动词，意为“指导；给某人领路(或导游)” 过去式guided
固定结构：guide sb. to 意为“带领某人到...，引导某人去...”
guide sb. in (__________) sth. 意为“在(做)某事方面指导某人”
> The light guided us through the dark forest. 灯光指引我们穿过了黑暗的森林。
> The kind policeman guided the lost child to the police station.
那位好心的警察把迷路的孩子带到了警察局。
[拓展] guide作名词，意为“指南；向导”
guide to sth. 意为“一本...指南”， a tour guide意为“导游”
> This is a guide to learning English. 这是一本英语学习指南。
> The tour guide showed us around the ancient city. 导游带领我们参观了这座古城。
Reading
1. A writer, scientist, inventor and one of the Founding Fathers of the United States, Benjamin Franklin was a man of many talents and one of the most famous people in the 18th century.
本杰明·富兰克林是一位作家、科学家、发明家和美国的开国元勋之一，他是一个多才多艺的人，是18世纪最著名的人物之一。 教材P36
(1) [解析] inventor 名词，意为“发明家” a great inventor意为“一位伟大的发明家”
> Thomas Edison is a famous inventor. 托马斯·爱迪生是一位著名的发明家。
> Lu Ban is a famous inventor in ancient China. 鲁班是中国古代一位著名的发明家。
[拓展]
invent 动词，意为“发明，创造”。
> She invented a new method of _______ _______. 她发明了一种回收塑料的新方法。
2) invention 名词，意为“发明”
> The invention of the computer has changed the world. 计算机的发明改变了世界。
3) inventive 形容词，意为“有创造才能的；有创意的”
> She has a highly inventive mind. 她的头脑非常善于创新。
(2) [解析] founding 形容词，意为“创办的；发起的；创立的”，
通常用来修饰与组织、机构等创建相关的人或事物。
founding father 意为“开国元勋；创建者”；
founding member 意为“创始人；创办成员”
> Steve Jobs is considered a founding father of modern tech innovation.
史蒂夫·乔布斯被视为现代科技创新的一位奠基人。
[拓展]
1) founding还可是动词found的动名词形式，在句中可作主语、宾语等。
> He is interested in founding a charity to help the poor.
他对创办一家慈善机构来帮助穷人很感兴趣。
2) found 动词，意为“创建；建立”，过去式为founded
> He founded a company in his early twenties. 他在二十出头时创办了一家公司。
[注意] found还可是find的过去式和过去分词。
> I found a wallet on the street yesterday. 我昨天在街上发现了一个钱包。
(3) [解析] talent 名词，意为“天资，才能” 复数talents
talent show 意为“才艺表演；选秀节目”；
have a talent for (__________) sth. 意为“在(做)某事方面有天赋”
> Her many talents include dancing, singing and acting.
她的众多才能包括舞蹈、唱歌和表演。
> My sister has a talent for languages. She can learn new languages very quickly.
我妹妹在语言方面有天赋。她能很快学会新语言。
[拓展] talent作名词，还意为“有才能的人”
> The company hired top talents from around the world. 公司从全球招募顶尖人才。
2. From a young age, Franklin's great love of learning set him apart from many others.
富兰克林从小就酷爱学习，这使他与众不同。 教材P36
[解析] set...apart 意为“使…突出，使…与众不同”。
基本结构:“set +宾语+apart”,宾语可以是名词或代词。
> The red door sets the house apart in the neighborhood.
红门让这栋房子在社区中显得与众不同。
3. He often borrowed books from booksellers and stayed up very late in order to return them early the next day. 他经常从书商那里借书，为了第二天早点还书，他熬夜到很晚。 教材P36
(1) [解析] in order to意为“为了”
固定结构in order to do sth.意为“为了做某事”，在句中作目的状语，
用来表明某个动作或行为的目的。
否定式为in order not to do sth. 意为“为了不做某事”
> I got up early in order to catch the first bus. 我早起是为了赶上第一班公共汽车。
> He got up quietly in order not to wake up his parents. 他悄悄地起床，为了不吵醒他的父母。
[拓展]固定结构in order to do sth.可转换为so that引导的从句，
需要根据句子的逻辑添加合适的主语，并且在从句中使用情态动词，
如can/could/may/might/will/would等，以表达目的的可能性或意愿。
> He studies hard in order to pass the exam. 他努力学习为了通过考试。
= He studies hard so that he can pass the exam. 他努力学习以便能通过考试。
[注意]固定结构in order to do sth.可位于句首，强调目的，此时通常用逗号与主句隔开；
也可放在句中，不用逗号隔开。
> In order to improve his English, he reads English novels every day.
为了提高他的英语水平，他每天都读英语小说。
> She studies hard in order to get good grades. 她努力学习为了取得好成绩。
(2) [解析] return 动词，意为“归还”，相当于give back
return sth. to... 意为“把某物归还…”
> Please return the book to the library. 请把书归还给图书馆。
> He promised to return the car to me by Friday. 他承诺周五前把车还给我。
[拓展] return作动词，还意为“回来；返回”，相当于come back.
return to... 意为“返回...”
> He will return to his hometown next week. 他下周将回到家乡。
return作名词，意为“回来；返回；归还”。 in return意为“作为回报”
> She offered help and expected nothing in return. 她提供帮助，不求回报。
4. Curious about the world around him, Franklin once became interested in studying storms.
富兰克林对周围的世界充满好奇，一度对研究风暴产生了兴趣。 教材P37
[解析] curious 形容词，意为“好奇的”，作定语或表语。
be curious about意为“…感到好奇” be curious to do sth.意为“渴望做某事”
> The curious boy asked a lot of questions. 那个好奇的男孩问了很多问题。
> Children are usually curious about everything around them.
孩子们通常对周围的一切都感到好奇。
[拓展] curiously 副词，意为“好奇地”。
> The child looked at the stranger curiously. 那个孩子好奇地看着陌生人。
5. What's more, Franklin had a great love for science, so his countless inventions came as no surprise.而且，富兰克林酷爱科学，因此，他有数不清的发明也就不足为奇了。 教材P37
(1) [解析] countless 形容词，意为“数不尽的”，常用来修饰可数名词复数或作表语。
countless stars意为“无数颗星星”。
> We received countless letters of support. 我们收到了无数支持信。
> She made countless mistakes in the report. 她在报告中犯了无数错误。
[拓展] count 动词，意为“数数；计算总数”。
> Let's count the apples in the basket. 让我们数一数篮子里苹果的数量。
(2) [解析] come as no surprise意为“不足为奇”，常用于正式或书面语境，
在句中可作谓语动词短语，其主语通常是某件事或某个情况。
> The popularity of Al tools comes as no surprise in the digital age.
在数字时代，人工智能工具的流行不足为奇。
固定句式It comes as no surprise that...意为“...的发生在意料之中”，
其中It是形式主语，真正的主语是后面that引导的从句。
> It comes as no surprise that prices are rising. 物价上涨并不出人意料。
6. As a lifelong learner, he saw learning as an exciting and endless journey, full of wonder and success.
作为一个终身学习者，他认为学习是一段令人兴奋的、永无止境的旅程，充满了
奇迹和成功。 教材P37
[解析] success 名词，意为“成功”，在句中作主语、宾语或表语。
反义词failure 意为“失败” achieve success意为“取得成功”
> Success always belongs to those who work hard. 成功总是属于那些努力工作的人。
> The key to life is success and happiness. 人生的关键是成功与幸福。
[拓展]
successful 形容词，意为“成功的” be successful in ... 意为“在 …方面成功”
> He is a successful businessman. 他是一位成功的商人。
> They were successful in winning the game. 他们成功赢得了比赛。
succeed 动词，意为“成功”，反义词为fail,意为“失败”，
succeed in (__________) sth. 意为“成功(做)某事”
> If you work hard, you will succeed. 如果你努力工作，你就会成功。
> He succeeded in _______________ out the problem. 他成功解出了这道题目。
successfully 副词，意为“成功地” do sth. successfully 意为“成功地做某事”
> They completed the project successfully. 他们成功地完成了这个项目。
[注意] a success可用来指“一件成功的事”
> The party was a great success. 这次聚会非常成功。
7. It can translate your mother language into over 20 languages and help you teach yourself languages.
它可以将你的母语翻译成20多种语言并帮助你自学语言。 教材P9
[解析] translate 动词，意为“翻译”。
translate ... from ... 意为“从……翻译” translate ... into...意为“把...翻译成...”
> We need someone to translate the letter for us. 我们需要有人为我们翻译这封信。
> This book is translated from French. 这本书是从法语翻译过来的。
[拓展] translator 名词，意为“翻译者；译员”
> Tom is a professional translator. 汤姆是一名专业译员。
Grammar
1. badly 严重地，厉害地 教材P40
[解析] badly 副词，意为“严重地，厉害地”
作状语修饰动词、形容词或其他副词，表示程度、方式等。
比较级为worse,意为“更严重地，更厉害地”
最高级为worst,意为“最严重地，最厉害地”
> He was badly ill last week. 他上周病得很严重。
> Of all the students, he did worst in the exam. 在所有学生中，他考试考得最差。
[拓展] bad 形容词，意为“坏的；糟糕的；严重的” 比较级为worse,最高级为worst.
> His headache is worse than yesterday. 他的头疼比昨天更严重了。
2. He even records himself playing the piano every day.
他甚至每天都录下自己弹钢琴的声音。教材P41
[解析] record 动词，意为“录制”，后面可直接跟宾语。
record a video/song意为“录制视频/歌曲”
> She recorded a beautiful song last week. 她上周录制了一首动听的歌曲。
[拓展]
record作动词，还意为“记录”， record sth. on sth.意为“把...记录在...上”
> They have recorded over 100 species in the area. 他们已记录该地区100多个物种。
record作名词，意为“记录；纪录”， keep/break the record意为“保持/打破纪录”
> She broke the world record for the 100 metres. 她打破了100米的世界纪录。
Grammar
1.副词比较级和最高级
(1)构成
副词和形容词一样，也有原级、比较级和最高级三个等级。
其构成方式有规则变化和不规则变化两种情况。
规则变化的一般规律是：
单音节词的比较级和最高级分别在词尾加-er和-est;
多音节词以及以-ly结尾的副词(early除外),前面须加more或most.
不规则的变化形式只能采用“各个击破”的方法去记忆。
well - better - best
badly - worse - worst
far - farther/ further - farthest/ furthest
(2)副词比较级的用法
副词比较级与形容词比较级用法相似，用“比较级+than"结构。
> She drives more carefully than her husband. 她开车比她丈夫更小心。
(3)副词最高级的用法
副词最高级的固定结构为“the +副词最高级+比较的范围”，
副词最高级前的the有时可以省略。
> Mike gets to school (the) earliest in his class. 迈克是他班上最早到学校的。
(4)比较级表示最高级
英语中可以用比较级形式表示最高级概念，该结构可与最高级进行转换，即
“形容词/副词的比较级+ than + any other+可数名词单数+比较范围”或
“形容词/副词的比较级+than + the other +复数名词+比较范围”，
意为“…比同一范围的其他任何一个人或物都…”
> Tom studies harder than any other student/the other students in his class.
= Tom studies the hardest in his class. 汤姆在他班上学习最用功。
> It was raining even _______________________(heavy) when I was on my way home.
[例] - Do you know sound travels very fast - Yes. But light travels _________ sound.
A. as fast as B. a little faster than C. much faster than D. slower than
2.反身代词
英语中用来表示“某人自己”的代词称为反身代词。具体如下:
人称 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称
单数 myself yourself herself himself itself
复数 ourselves yourself themselves
(1)当一个句子的主语和宾语是同一个人时，常用反身代词作宾语，此时的反身代词常位
于buy, enjoy, help, hurt, teach, wash等动词之后。
> Her sister taught herself English. 她妹妹自学了英语。
> They enjoyed themselves at the party. 他们在聚会上玩得很开心。
> She fell off the bike and hurt herself. 她从自行车上摔下来了，并且伤着她自己。
> The little boy can dress himself. 这个小男孩会自己穿衣服。
(2)反身代词作名词、代词的同位语时，表示强调，意为“亲自；本人”。
在句中可置于名词或代词后，也可置于句末。
> I myself made the advertisement. = I made the advertisement myself. 我亲自制作了这个广告。
(3)反身代词也可作表语。
> She is not quite herself today. 今天她身体不太舒服。
[拓展]常用的含反身代词的短语：
introduce oneself自我介绍
say to oneself自言自语
by oneself独立地，独自
help oneself to随便吃...
enjoy oneself玩得愉快
dress oneself给自己穿衣服
learn ... by oneself自学...
[例]
The twins look after _____________________(they) when their parents are not at home.
2. You should learn to find a way to cheer ___________ up when you face some difficulties, my dear friends.
A. you B. yourself C. yours D. yourselves
3. - It's terrible for teenagers to ride e-bikes on the road so quickly.
- Exactly. They often hurt __________ badly.
myself B. himself C. themselves D. ourselves
Word power
printer 印刷工，印刷商 教材P42
[解析] printer 名词，意为“印刷工，印刷商”
> He works as a printer at a publishing house.他在出版社担任印刷工。
[拓展]
printer作名词，还意为“打印机” 3D printer意为“3D打印机”
> Our office has a high-speed laser printer. 我们办公室有一台高速激光打印机。
print 动词，意为“打印”
> I print my photos every month. 我每个月都会打印我的照片。
Integration
1. Besides his great talent and strong interest in languages, Zhao had useful ways to learn languages.
除了天赋异禀和对语言的浓厚兴趣外，赵还有学习语言的有效方法。 教材P43
[解析] besides 介词，意为“除…之外(还)”
与其后面的名词、代词或动名词等构成介词短语，
在句中作状语，指在一个范围之外再加上另外的人或事物。
> Besides English, she speaks French and Spanish. 除了英语，她还会说法语和西班牙语。
> Besides working in the office, he also volunteers at the local community center.
除了在办公室工作，他还在当地社区中心做志愿者。
[拓展] besides作副词，意为“此外；而且”，
用于引出另外一个理由或观点，对前文进行补充说明。
一般用于句首或句中，用逗号隔开。
> Besides, we need to consider the cost. 此外，我们还需考虑成本。
[辨析] besides与except
besides包含性排除，表示“除……之外还有”
except 排除性排除，表示“除……之外；除...”
> Everyone came besides Tom. 除了汤姆，其他人也都来了。(汤姆来了。)
> Everyone came except Tom. 除了汤姆，其他人都来了。(汤姆没来。)
2. Zhao thought it was important to spend as much time as possible reading, speaking and listening to the language.
赵认为花尽可能多的时间读、说和听这门语言是很重要的。 教材P43
[解析] possible 形容词，意为“可能的”，反义词为impossible,
as ... as possible 意为“尽可能...”
make sth. possible意为“使某事成为可能” if possible意为“如果可能的话”
> It is possible for him to finish the work today. 他有可能今天完成这项工作。
> Run as fast as possible to catch the bus. 尽可能快点跑以赶上公共汽车。
[解析]
possibly 副词，意为“可能地；或许”
> He can't possibly be at home. 他不可能在家。
possibility 名词，意为“可能性；可能”
> There is a possibility that he will change his mind. 他有可能会改变主意。
[例]- As your closest friend, I will try every _________ way to help you with the work.
- It's really kind of you to say so.
A. important B. possible C. difficult D. simple
3. Zhao believed that it was best to focus on learning sentences rather than single words.
赵认为，最好专注于学习句子，而不是单词。 教材P43
[解析] rather than意为“而不是”，说明动作或状态的选择倾向，强调____定后者而选择前者。
rather than do sth. 表示“而不是做某事”
> I will go to the meeting rather than you. 我将去参加会议而不是你去。
> She chose to work hard rather than give up. 她选择努力工作而不是放弃。
[拓展] rather than构成的固定结构：
rather than +介词短语
prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. 宁愿做某事而不愿做另一件事
would rather do sth. than do sth. 宁愿做某事而不愿做另一件事
> He is in the library rather than in the classroom. 他在图书馆，而不是在教室里。
>I would rather stay at home than go out on a rainy day. 下雨天我宁愿待在家里也不愿出去。
4. Start by reading... and slowly move on to more difficult ones.
从阅词读...开始，然后慢慢转向更难的。 教材P44
[解析] slowly 副词，意为“慢速地，缓慢地”
比较级为more slowly 最高级为most slowly speak slowly意为“慢慢地说”
> The turtle moved slowly across the road. 乌龟缓慢地爬过马路。
> The car moved slowly along the narrow street. 汽车沿着狭窄的街道缓慢行驶。
[拓展] slow 形容词，意为“缓慢的；迟钝的”。
> The slow train takes two hours to reach the city. 慢火车需要两小时才能到达这座城市。
5. But remember, you don't have to understand every word: try to focus on the main idea of a talk or speech.
但记住，你不必理解每一个单词：试着把注意力集中在谈话或演讲的主旨上。教材P45
[解析] speech 名词，意为“演讲；说话的能力” 复数speech____
make a speech意为“做演讲”
> Speech is the most basic form of communication. 语语是最基本的交流形式。
> He will give a speech at the meeting tomorrow. 他明天将在会议上发表演讲。
[拓展] speak 动词，意为“说话；讲话；发言；说(某种语言)”
> He can speak English fluently. 他能流利地说英语。
6. How about reading English aloud every morning 每天早上大声朗读英语怎么样 教材P45
[解析] aloud 副词，意为“出声地；大声地”，修饰动词。 read aloud意为“大声朗读”
> She called aloud for help. 她大声呼救。
> Please read the poem aloud so that everyone can hear you.
请大声朗读这首诗，以便每个人都能听到你。
[辨析] aloud, loud与loudly
aloud 副词，意为“出声地”，强调“出声”，即把话说出来，发出的声音能被听见，通常与read, speak, think等动词连用
loud 副词，意为“响亮地；大声；高声地”，侧重发出的音量大，传得远，一般多用来与speak, talk, laugh, sing等连用，且通常放在这些动词之后
形容词，意为“响亮的，大声的，高声的”
loudly 副词，意为“喧闹地，嘈杂地；响亮地”，与作副词的loud同义。除与speak, talk, loudly, laugh等动词连用外，还可与其他表示声响的动词连用
> Please read the letter aloud. 请把信大声念出来。
> The music is too loud. Please turn it down. 这音乐太吵了。请把音量调小一点。
> Someone knocked loudly at the door. 有人大声敲门。
7. Try to pronounce each word correctly. 尽量把每个单词读音都发对。 教材P45
(1) [解析] pronounce 动词，意为“发音”
> He pronounced the words carefully. 他仔细地读出这些单词。
> She pronounces French words perfectly. 她的法语单词发音很标准。
[拓展] pronunciation 名词，意为“发音；读音”
> She practices her pronunciation every day. 她每天练习发音。
(2) [解析] correctly 副词，意为“正确地” 反义词incorrectly 意为“错误地”
修饰动词、形容词或其他副词。
> Can you spell this word correctly 你能正确拼写这个单词吗
> Please fill in the form correctly. 请正确填写表格。
[拓展] correct 形容词，意为“正确的；恰当的”，相当于right.
> This is the correct answer to the math problem. 这是这道数学题的正确答案。
8. To my surprise, they could not understand my English, and I had to repeat myself many times.
令我惊讶的是，他们听不懂我的英语，我不得不重复了很多遍。 教材P46
(1) [解析] to one's surprise意为“令某人惊讶的是”，通常位于句首，
用逗号与后面的句子隔开，但也可位于句中或句末。
surprise名词，意为“惊讶；惊奇” in surprise意为“惊讶地”
> To my surprise, he arrived early. 令我惊讶的是，他来得很早。
> She expressed surprise when she saw the gift. 当她看到礼物时，她表示出惊讶。
[拓展] surprise作动词，意为“使惊奇；使诧异”。
> He surprised his girlfriend with a bunch of flowers on her birthday.
他在女朋友生日那天用一束花给了她一个惊喜。
(2) [解析] repeat 动词，意为“重复”，后面直接跟重复的内容作宾语，相当于say/do again
> Listen carefully. I'll repeat my question. 仔细听。我会重复我的问题。
[拓展] repeat作动词，还可意为“跟读”
> Can you repeat the text 你能跟读这篇课文吗
[注意] repeat本身已表示“再一次”，因此不能与again连用。
【写作】关于自己英语学习方面的文章
1.常用写作短语
(1) speak English well英语说得好
(2) have problems with... …有问题
(3) decide to do sth.决定做某事
(4) make a plan 制定一个计划
(5) a language learning app 一款语言学习应用
(6) spend time doing sth. 花时间做某事
(7) express myself in English 用英语表达自己
(8) become a lot better变得更好
2.常用写作句型
(1)... years ago, I ...
(2) To my surprise, ...
(3) I then decided to improve my ...
(4) I knew I had to do something to ...
(5) I spent ... minutes/hours ...
(6) Practice makes perfect.
(7) After two months, ...
(8) Now I am ...
一、词语运用
A)根据中文提示写出单词
1. When we re not sure which word is the right one for a ___________________(句子), look it up in a dictionary.
2. In between life and death there is still a wonderful ____________________(旅程) called life.
3. Miss Li advised the students who are weak in English to read _______________(大声地) every morning.
4. Good (发音) will impress others and help you be confident.
5. If you don’t ________________(归还) the library books on time, you might have to pay a
small fine.
B)根据句意，用括号中的单词的正确形式填空
1. - How was your trip to South Hill
-Wonderful! We enjoyed ______________(we) very much.
2. - Jim, do you know who lives __________________(far) in our class
- I think Kate does.
3. With the ____________________(invent) of the washing machine, people have more free time to relax.
4. After he learned how to use the camera ________________(correct), Leo has taken many lifelike photos.
5. It’s raining even _______________(heavy). I really don’t know what to do.
二、单项选择
1. Could you please speak a little more ________ I can't follow you.
A. quietly B. slowly C. loudly D. quickly
2. On Friday afternoon, our school finishes ________ than usual. So all the students are
excited on that day.
A. early B. late C. earlier D. later
3. -This is your first time away from home.
- Don’t worry, Dad. I can take care of _________.
A. me B. my C. mine D. myself
4. - Why not ________ what you spend your money on
- So I'll know where my money goes.Thanks for your advice.
A. record B. repeat C. report D. receive
5. Don't be afraid of difficulties. Remember: kites rise highest _______ the wind, not with it.
A. against B. above C. across D. along
6. The _______ you'll find it to you study, the _______ work out such problems.
A. more careful; easier B. more careful; more easily
C. more carefully; easier D. more carefully; more easily
根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整
Everyone is born with the ability to learn. But whether or not you can do this well depends on (取决于) your learning habits. Research shows e____________________1 learners have some good habits in common.
Creating (创造) an i________________2 in what they learn
Studies show that if you are interested in something, you will listen more carefully and it is also easier for you to pay attention to it for a long time. Good learners often connect what they need tolearn with something interesting. In this way they will not get b_______________3 easily.
Practicing and learning from mistakes
Good learners think about what they are good at and what they need to practice more. Remember, "Practice makes perfect. " Good learners will keep practicing what they have learned. While studying, their brain is more a________________4 and they are not afraid of making mistakes at all.
Developing their study skills
It is not enough to just study hard. Good learners know the best way to study. For example, they may take notes by writing down key words. They a________________5 some useful courses given by professors(教授) as well.
They also look for some other ways to review things. They may do d_______________6 revision by reading their notes every day or by explaining the information to another student for f________________7 understanding. My best friend Tommy once s_________________8 some important notes on his desk, so he could read them whenever he wanted to.
Asking questions
Good learners often ask questions d_______________9 or after class. They even ask each other and try to find out the answers. Knowledge comes from questioning.
Learning is a lifelong j_________________10 because every day brings something new.
Everything that you learn becomes a part of you and changes you, so learn wisely and learn well.
四、完形填空
There are many great stories in Chinese history. This is one of the most educational 1_____
Kuang Heng was a very famous person in the Western Han Dynasty, and he was born in a
2_______ family. He liked reading very much. He needed 3_______ in the daytime, so he had to read books during the night. But he was too poor to buy a 4_______.
One day, he found his neighbour had candles, but the light couldn't go 5_______ the wall. After 6_______ for a while, he had an idea. He dug(挖) a small hole in the wall in his house so that he could use the from his neighbor's house to read books. From that day on, he read books
every night 8_______ the light went out. After some days, in his house there were no books for
9______ to read. Then he went to a rich man's house 10_______ worked for him without getting 11______ money. Hearing this, the rich man thought that Kuang Heng was 12_______ but still asked, "You meant(意思是) you would work for me for free. But why " Kuang Heng replied,
"Well, I only want to 13_______ your books to read. That's enough.
The rich man was deeply moved(感动的) and he 14________. Kuang Heng read the books in the rich man's house. 15______, he became a great scholar(学者). If you are still worried about reading books, it's necessary for you to learn from Kuang Heng.
1.________ A. stories B. films C. songs D. poems
2.________ A. rich B. small C. poor D. big
3.________ A. working B. to work C. work D. worked
4.________ A. candle(蜡烛) B. house C. book D. match
5.________ A. by B. over C. through D. across
6.________ A. thinking B. think C. thinks D. thought
7.________ A. eyes B. pens C. light D. hole
8.________ A. if B. till C. after D. when
9.________ A. her B. me C. them D. him
10.________ A. so B. but C. or D. and
11.________ A. much B. many C. some D. any
12.________ A. clever B. humorous C. patient D. stupid
13.________ A. lend B. borrow C. buy D. keep
14.________ A. advised B. agreed C. failed D. saved
15.________ A. Suddenly B. Certainly C. Finally D. Unluckily
五、阅读理解
Do you find that you learn things faster than your parents You could be right!
Scientists in the USA have found that school-aged children learn new things and skills faster than grown-ups. This has something to do with a chemical (化学物质) called GABA in our brains (大脑). It reduces brain noise so that we can learn things more easily. It also makes new information stay longer in our heads.
The scientists studied the brains of children (8~ 11 years old) and adults (18~35 years old) before, during and after doing a learning task. The finding shows that when children earn new
things, the amount (数量) of GABA increases(增加) quickly. But there's little change in adults' brains. This tells us why children are better learners than adults.
The scientists say the finding is useful. It tells teachers and parents to let children learn anything in their childhood, from riding a bike to playing an instrument(乐器).
Why do children learn faster than adults
A. Because children s brains have more GABA than adults'.
B. Because teachers and parents help children learn faster.
C. Because GABA in children's brains increases while learning.
D. Because there s no change in adults brains when they learn.
2. Which of the following about GABA is right
A. It helps children learn things in their childhood.
B. It makes information stay shorter in adults' brains.
C. It makes brain noise to make learning easier.
D. It is useless to help adults learn new things and skills.
3. What is the article mainly about
A. Why children learn faster than adults. B. What scientists are studying.
C. How scientists help children learn. D. What the chemical GABA is.
阅读表达
One day, a young boy named Zhang Liang was walking along a bridge. He saw an old man sitting there. One of the old man’s shoes was left under the bridge.
"Go over there and get my shoe, young boy!" the old man asked. Zhang Liang felt surprised, but he still picked it up for the old man. The old man said, "Five days later, please come to meet me at the bridge early in the morning."
Five days later, Zhang Liang went there as promised(承诺). But the old man came there before him. The old man got angry about his lazy habit.
The old man asked Zhang Liang to come again. The next day, Zhang Liang arrived earlier than before. But the old man was still before him. The old man became much angrier and asked him to get there again the next morning.
This time, Zhang Liang arrived at the bridge late at night. He spent the whole night there. When the old man came the next early morning, he was happy to find Zhang Liang there earlier than him.
The old man nodded with a smile and gave Zhang Liang an important book. Zhang Liang read the book carefully day and night and learned many skills from it. Many years later, he became a wise general and made great achievements(成就).
根据短文内容，回答下列问题。(每小题答案不超过5个单词)
Where did Zhang Liang get one of the old man s shoes
2. Who came to the bridge first five days later
3. Why was the old man angry with Zhang Liang
4. What did the old man give Zhang Liang at last
5. What can we learn from Zhang Liang
参考答案：
一、A) 1. sentence 2. journey 3. aloud 4. pronunciation 5. return
B) 1. ourselves 2. farthest 3. invention 4. correctly 5. more heavily
二、
B句意：能请你稍微说慢一点吗 我跟不上你。quietly安静地； slowly慢地； loudly大
声地； quickly快速地。
C句意：星期五下午，我们学校比平时早放学。所以那天所有的学生都很兴奋。
early早的； late迟的； earlier更早地； later较晚地。
3. D 句意：“这是你第一次离开家。”“别担心，爸爸。我能照顾好自己。” take care of oneself
意为“照顾自己”。
4. A record记录； repeat重复； report报道；receive收到。
5. against反对，与 .对抗； above在...上面； across通过； along沿着。这里指风筝逆
风而起，表示“顶着风”，用介词against
6. C句意：你学得越仔细，你就会发现解决这类问题越容易。第一空修饰动词study,应用副
司carefully的比较级more carefully,排除A, B选项；第二空在句中作宾补，构成“find it +adj. + to do sth. "结构，应用形容词easy的比较级easier.
三、1. excellent 2. interest 3. bored 4. active 5. attend 6. daily 7. further 8. stuck 9. during 10. journey
四、
1. A 句意：这是最具有教育意义的故事之一。story故事； film电影； song歌曲； poem 诗。根据下文提到的人物Kuang Heng可知，是故事。
2. C根据“But he was too poor to buy a...可知，他出生在贫寒之家。
3. B句意：他需要在白天工作，所以他不得不在晚上读书。need to do sth.意为“需要做某事”
4. A句意：但是他太穷了以至于不能买一根蜡烛。candle蜡烛； house房子； book书；
match火柴。
5. C句意：一天他发现邻居有蜡烛，但是这光不能穿过墙。by通过； over在...上； through
穿过(物体内部穿过); across穿过(物体表面穿过).
A句意：他想了一会儿之后，有了一个主意。
C句意：他在他屋子里的墙上挖了个小洞，这样他能使用来自邻居家的光读书。eye眼睛；
pen钢笔； light光； hole洞。
B if是否，如果； till直到； after之后；when当...时候。结合语境可知，他每晚读到
蜡烛光熄灭。
9. D这里需要用宾格，由前文的his可知，这里用him,
10. D这里用and表示并列。
11. D根据“You meant you would work for me for free."可知，没有任何报酬。
12. D clever聪明的； humorous滑稽的，幽默的； patient耐心的； stupid愚蠢的。
13. B lend借(将自己的东西借给别人);borrow借(从别人处借来); buy购买； keep
保持。
14. B 句意：这个富人被深深感动了并且同意了。 advise建议； agree同意； fail失败； save保存，挽救。
15. C 句意：最后，他成了伟大的学者。suddenly突然地； certainly无疑地； finally最
后； unluckily不幸地。
五、
1. C 细节理解题。根据第三段中“The finding shows that when children learn new things, the amount of GABA increases quickly. But there's little change in adults' brains. This tells us why children are better learners than adults."可知，因为儿童大脑中的GABA在学习时会增加。
2. A细节理解题。根据最后一段“The scientists say the finding is useful. It tells teachers and parents to let children learn anything in their childhood, from riding a bike to playing an instrument. "可知，它能帮助孩子在孩童时期学习东西。
3. A主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Do you find that you learn things faster than your
parents "可知，本文讲述了儿童学新事物的速度比成年人快的原因。
六、1. Under the bridge. 根据“One of the old man's shoes was left under the bridge. "可知
答案。
2. The old man. /The old man came first. 根据“But the old man came there belore him."可
知答案。
3. Because of his lazy habit. 张良两次都因为自己的懒惰而迟于老人。
4. An important book. 根据“The old man nodded ... an important book. "可知答案。
5. Never give up. /Don't give up. /Be polite to the elderly.
虽然张良前两次都没有让老人满意，但他不放弃，第三次成功了。

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