资源简介

/ 让学习更有效 新课备课备考 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 新课备课备考 | 英语学科
2025年人教版（2024）新八年级英语上册精讲精练
Unit 8 Let's Communicate！
核心语法：直接引语和间接引语
一、 什么是直接引语和间接引语？
直接引语 (Direct Speech)： 一字不改地引用别人的原话。原话放在引号内。
例如： He said, “I like this book.” 他说：“我喜欢这本书。”
间接引语 (Indirect Speech / Reported Speech)： 用自己的话转述别人的意思。不用引号，通常用宾语从句来表达。
例如： He said that he liked that book. 他说他喜欢那本书。
核心： 转述时，就像是在把别人昨天说的话，在今天告诉另一个人，因此许多要素（如人称、时间）都需要根据转述者的视角进行调整。
二、 转换规则（重中之重！）
将直接引语变为间接引语时，必须遵循以下四大变化规则。
1. 人称的变化 (Change of Pronouns)
遵循“一主、二宾、三不变”的原则。
一主： 第一人称（I, we） → 与主句主语保持一致。
二宾： 第二人称（you） → 与主句宾语保持一致。
三不变： 第三人称（he, she, it, they） → 保持不变。
直接引语 间接引语 规则
She said, “I am busy.” She said that she was busy. 一主 (I → she)
He said to me, “You are right.” He told me that I was right. 二宾 (You → I)
She said, “He will come.” She said that he would come. 三不变
2. 时态的变化 (Change of Tenses)
如果主句谓语动词是过去时（如 said, told, asked），从句的时态要相应后退一步，即“后退一步”原则。
直接引语 间接引语
一般现在时 → 一般过去时
现在进行时 → 过去进行时
一般将来时 (will) → 过去将来时 (would)
现在完成时 → 过去完成时
一般过去时 → 过去完成时 或 一般过去时 *
* 注意： 当直接引语是客观真理、自然现象或习惯性动作时，变为间接引语时时态不变。
直接： He said, “The earth goes around the sun.”
间接： He said that the earth goes around the sun. (客观真理)
3. 时间状语和地点状语的变化 (Change of Adverbials)
直接引语 间接引语
now → then
today → that day
tonight → that night
yesterday → the day before
last week → the week before
tomorrow → the next/following day
next year → the next/following year
... ago → ... before
here → there
this → that
these → those
4. 动词的变化 (Change of Verbs)
come → go
bring → take
三、 不同类型句子的转换方法
1. 陈述句 (Statements)
用连接词 that 引导（口语中常省略）。
结构： 主语 + said (to sb) / told sb + (that) + 从句
例句：
直接： She said (to me), “I have seen the film.”
间接： She told me (that) she had seen the film. (注意： said to me 常转换为 told me)
2. 疑问句 (Questions)
A. 一般疑问句 (Yes/No Questions)
用连接词 if 或 whether（是否）引导。
从句必须用陈述语序（主语在前，谓语在后）。
结构： 主语 + asked (sb) + if/whether + 从句（陈述语序）
例句：
直接： He asked me, “Are you a student ”
间接： He asked me if I was a student. (不是 if was I)
B. 特殊疑问句 (Wh- Questions)
用原有的疑问词（what, when, where, why, how等）引导。
从句必须用陈述语序。
结构： 主语 + asked (sb) + 疑问词 + 从句（陈述语序）
例句：
直接： She asked, “Where does Tom live ”
间接： She asked where Tom lived. (不是 where did Tom live)
3. 祈使句 (Imperatives) （表示命令、请求、建议）
将动词原形变为 不定式 (to do)。
根据语气强弱，主句动词用 ask（请求）/ tell（命令）/ order（命令） 等。
结构： 主语 + asked/told/ordered sb + (not) to do sth
例句：
直接： The teacher said to us, “Stop talking.”
间接： The teacher told us to stop talking.
直接： Mom said to me, “Please clean your room.”
间接： Mom asked me to clean my room.
直接： He said, “Don’t be late.”
间接： He told me not to be late.
一、单项选择
1．Black asked me, “Why haven’t you left here yet ”
Black asked me why ________ yet.
A．I hadn’t left there B．I haven’t left here C．hadn’t I left there D．haven’t I left here
2．The teacher asked her, “Does the sun rise in the east ”
The teacher asked her ________ the sun ________ in the east.
A．if; rise B．if; rises C．whether; rose D．whether did; rise
3．Jack said to her, “Where do you spend your holidays ”
Jack asked her where ________ holidays.
A．she spent her B．you spend your C．she spend her D．you spent your
4．“Helen, I will come this morning,” John said.
→John ________.
A．told Helen he will come this morning B．said to Helen I would go that morning
C．said Helen he would come that morning D．told Helen he would go that morning
5．She asked, “Whose house will he break into next time ”
She asked whose house ________ break into ________.
A．will he；next time B．would he；the next time
C．he would；the next time D．he will；next time
6．He asked, “How are you getting along ”
→He asked________.
A．how am I getting along B．how are you getting along
C．how I was getting along D．how was I getting along
7．He said, “Mother, the boy is very naughty.” →He ________ very naughty.
A．said his mother that the boy was
B．said to his mother that the boy is
C．told his mother that the boy was
D．spoke to his mother that the boy was
8．NASA’s director announced, “The Perseverance rover’s Mars landing is a triumph of human ingenuity.” When reporting this achievement, journalists stated that the director had declared ________ of human ingenuity.
A．the Perseverance rover’s Mars landing was a triumph
B．“the Perseverance rover’s Mars landing is a triumph”
C．that the Perseverance rover’s Mars landing is a triumph
D．whether the Perseverance rover’s Mars landing had been a triumph
9．Jane said, “What did he hear about a week ago ”
Jane asked ________ about ________.
A．that he heard; a week ago B．what he had heard; the week before
C．what he had heard; a week ago D．if he heard; the week ago
10．Mr. Black said, “I have walked a long way this week.”
Mr. Black said that ________ a long way ________.
A．I had walked; last week B．he had walked; that week
C．I walked; last week D．he has walked; this week
11．The man thought, “I shall take it back tomorrow.”
The man thought that ________ take it back ________.
A．I shall; tomorrow B．I shall; the next day C．he should; tomorrow D．he would; the next day
12．Jack said to me, “You look worried today.”
Jack told me that ________ worried ________.
A．he looks; today B．you look; today C．we looked; that day D．I looked; that day
13．We said to her, “They’re walking through the street now.”
We told her that ________ through the street ________.
A．we were walking; then B．you are walking; now
C．they were walking; then D．they walking; now
14．"I am a teacher,"Jack said. →Jack said ________.
A．that he was a teacher B．that I was a teacher
C．that he is a teacher D．that I am a teacher
15．— What did he say I couldn’t hear him. — _____________.
A．He says the earth goes round the sun. B．He said the earth goes round the sun.
C．He said the earth went round the sun. D．He says the earth went round the sun.
16．My father said he _____________ for Shanghai the next day.
A．was going to leave B．is going to leave C．left D．had left
17．My brother said, “I’m watching TV now.”
My brother said watching TV .
A．he was; now B．I was; then C．I am; that day D．he was; then
18．Lily said there a heavy rain the next day.
A．will have B．would have C．would be
19．— Could you tell me ______
— Yes. It’s next to the supermarket.
A．where the post office is
B．where was the post office
C．where is the post office
D．where the post office was
20．—Do you know____________
—It’s about ten minutes’ walk.
A．how many minutes do you walk to the nearest hospital
B．which is the way to the nearest hospital
C．how long did you reach the nearest hospital
D．how far it is to the nearest hospital from here
21． -- Do you know ________ the new computer yesterday
-- Sorry, I have no idea.
A．how much did she pay for B．how much will she pay for
C．how much she paid for D．how much she will pay for
22．Would you please tell me ______ this book
A．where you bought B．where did you buy
C．where you buy D．where do you buy
23．I ______ that he’s a hardworking teacher．
A．never doubt B．always doubt C．seldom ask D．often wonder
24．——Could you tell me
——Glad to help.
A．if I have been to the Great Wall
B．where did he study
C．how I can get to the post office
D．what’s your name
二、完成句子
25．“I am studying English now,” he said. (改为间接引语)
He said that he English .
26．“Why not check the price online ” he said. (改为间接引语)
He check the price online.
27．“How do you spell this word ” he asked. (改为间接引语)
He asked how that word.
28．“Could you help me with my English ” she asked. (改为间接引语)
She asked I could help her with her English.
29．The teacher asked Tom, “Did you finish the project ” (直接引语变为间接引语)
The teacher asked Tom he finished the project.
30．When will we hold the reading festival I want to know.（改为间接引语）
I want to know we hold the reading festival.
31．“What is the journey of water ” asked the boy. (改为间接引语)
The boy wanted to know the journey of water .
32．Ben asked Mary, “Can you help me get everything ready for the party”.(改为间接引语)
Ben asked Mary could help him get everything ready for the party.
33．The mother asked her son, “Can you help we with the housework ” (保持句意不变)
The mother asked her son he help her with the housework.
34．“Can you get me a packet of electricity ” Benny said to his sister. (改为间接引语)
Benny asked his sister she get him a packet of electricity.
35．“Come into the sitting room, Tom.” She said. （改为间接引语）
36．The teacher asked, “Have you finished your experiment report ”（改为间接引语）
The teacher asked we finished our experiment report.
37．The reporter asked the actress, “Who have you decided to join hands with ” (改为宾语从句)
The reporter asked the actress who decided to join hands with.
38．Arthur asked me, “Will you talk it over with him ”（改成间接引语）
Arthur asked me I talk it over with him
39．“She has decided to attend the discussion,” our manager said. (改为间接引语)
Our manager said that she to attend the discussion.
40．“Have you finished your history project ” John asked me. (改为间接引语)
John asked me I finished my history project.
41．Jenny asked me, “How did you manage to fix the broken chair ” (改为间接引语)
Jenny asked me how managed to fix the broken chair.
42．“What did you do to the window ” Mr. Green asked Ben. (改为间接引语)
Mr. Green asked Ben what he to the window.
43．“Don’t play football in the street,” the policeman said to the boys. (同义句转换)
The policeman told the boys football in the street.
44．“Will you buy some vegetables for dinner ” I asked Ray. (改为间接引语)
I asked Ray buy some vegetables for dinner.
45．How often do we hold the meeting I asked the chief editor.（合并成一句）
I asked the chief editor how often the meeting.
46．“I can spend less time on what 1 already know by using Al tools.” said Lucy. (改为同义句)
Lucy said spend less time on what she already knew by using Al tools.
47．Sue asked her parents, “When will we visit the AI exhibition in Shanghai Mall ”（改为间接引语）
Sue asked her parents when visit the AI exhibition in Shanghai Mall.
48．“Why does Jim send letters to Ms. Grey every September ” he wondered. (改为间接引语)
He wondered Jim letters to Ms. Grey every September.
49．The manager said to the team, “We need to finish this project by next Friday.” (改为间接引语)
The manager said to the team that to finish this project by next Friday.
50．“Have you seen a cute cat in the neighbourhood ” Paul asked Betty. (改为间接引语)
Paul asked Betty if seen a cute cat in the neighbourhood.
51．My sister asked me, “Will you buy a bottle of milk on your way home ”（改为间接引语）
My sister asked me I buy a bottle of milk on my way home.
52．“What can we do to limit paper waste ” the teacher asked Steve. (改为间接引语)
The teacher asked Steve they do to limit paper waste.
53．“Does the new medicine really work ” the old patient asked the doctor. (改为间接引语)
The old patient asked the doctor the new medicine really .
54．“Are you going to introduce the plan this afternoon ” Jack asked Bob.（改为间接引语）
Jack asked Bob he going to introduce the plan that afternoon.
55．“Do you always leave the office late ” the policeman asked the lady.（改为间接引语）
The policeman asked the lady she always the office late.
56．Mary said, “I will visit my grandma tomorrow.” (改为间接引语)
Mary said that visit her grandma tomorrow.
57．Mr. Lu asked, “Does the digital technology influence you a lot in your life ” (改为间接引语)
Mr. Lu asked the digital technology you a lot in your life.
58．The reporter asked the famous sportsman, “Will you retire after this season ” (改为间接引语)
The reporter asked the famous sportsman he retire after this season.
59．Miss Li asked Jim, “What sports will you play after school ” (改为间接引语)
Miss Li asked Jim sports would play after school.
60．I asked Tammy if she had done the cooking herself the day before.（改为直接引话）
I asked Tammy, “ you the cooking yourself yesterday ”
/ 让学习更有效 新课备课备考 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 新课备课备考 | 英语学科
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
参考答案及试题解析
1．A
【解析】句意：布莱克问我，“你为什么还没有离开这里？”
考查直接引语和间接引语。“Black asked me why … yet.”是宾语从句，主句用一般过去时，从句也要用相应的过去时态；原直接引语“Why haven’t you left here yet ”的时态为现在完成时，故变间接引语要用过去完成时，排除B、D项；宾语从句中从句语序是陈述句语序。故选A。
2．B
【解析】句意：老师问她：“太阳是从东方升起吗？”老师问她太阳是否从东方升起。
考查直接引语变间接引语。由常识可知，题干中的直接引语是客观事实，用一般现在时，变成间接引语后，时态应不变，选项C和D是一般过去时，故排除；间接引语中主语the sun“太阳”是第三人称单数，谓语rise需加s变为rises，故选B。
3．A
【解析】句意：杰克对她说：“你在哪里度假”？杰克问她，她在哪里度假。
考查直接引语与间接引语之间的转化。题干是由直接引语变为间接引语的，直接引语变间接引语时，第一，人称上应该一致，排除B、D项；第二时态应该一致，题干的主句谓语动词asked为一般过去时，从句也应用一般过去时，所以应用spent，排除C项。故选A。
4．D
【解析】句意：“海伦，我今天早上会来的，”约翰说。→约翰告诉海伦他那天早上会去。
考查直接引语和间接引语的转换。直接引语为陈述句，间接引语用that引导，在口语中that常省略。由直接引语中的said可知，间接引语要用过去的某种时态。主语I变为he指代“John”，动词come在间接引语中应变为go，指示代词this要变为that。故选D。
5．C
【解析】句意：她问：“下次他会闯入谁家？”
考查间接引语。根据英语语法，宾语从句应用陈述句语序，A、B选项可排除。根据主过从必过的原则，主句为一般过去时，从句时态也应用过去时的一种。故选C。
6．C
【解析】句意：他问：“你过得怎么样？”
考查直接引语和间接引语的转换。原句从句为特殊疑问句，变为间接引语后，从句应为陈述句语序，疑问词不变；原句从句主语为第二人称，变为间接引语后，从句主语应变为第一人称；原句主句为一般过去时态，从句为现在进行时态，变为间接引语后，主句仍为一般过去时，从句变为过去进行时，故选C。
7．C
【解析】句意：他说：“妈妈，这个男孩很顽皮。”→他告诉他妈妈那个男孩很顽皮。
考查直接引语和间接引语的转换。此处可改为“他告诉他妈妈那个男孩很顽皮”，可用tell sb.，排除ABD。故选C。
8．C
【解析】句意：美国宇航局局长宣布，“毅力号火星探测器的登陆是人类智慧的胜利。”在报道这一成就时，记者们说，局长宣布毅力号火星探测器的登陆是人类聪明才智的胜利。
考查直接引语和间接引语的转换。原句为陈述句，间接引语需用that引导（可省略，但此处选项中仅 C包含that）。 主句动词“stated”为过去式，但宾语从句内容是客观事实或真理（如科学成就的评价），时态可保持 一般现在时，无需改为过去式。故选C。
9．B
【解析】句意：Jane说：“一周前他听说什么了？”
考查直接引语和间接引语的转换。引号内是特殊疑问句，间接引语还用原疑问词，排除A和D，主句是一般过去时，从句用过去的某种时态此处用过去完成时，直接引语变间接引语，时态要倒移，所以ago变成before，排除C，故选B。
10．B
【解析】句意：布莱克先生说，“这个星期我走了很长的路。”
考查直接引语和间接引语。宾语从句的时态原则：主过从必过，主句“Mr. Black said”用了一般过去时，对应的宾语从句也要用相应的过去时态；原直接引语“I have walked a long way this week.”是现在完成时，此处变间接引语时要用过去完成时；此外，原直接引语的主语I要变为he；时间状语this week变为that week。故选B。
11．D
【解析】那人想，“明天我将把它带回家。” 那人想着第二天他将把它带回家。
考查直接引语变间接引语。该题要把直接引语变为间接引语，直接引语中的“I”指的是那个人，变为间接引语后改为he；直接引语中的tomorrow变为间接引语后改为the next day；主句是过去时态，所以直接引语中的将来时态变为间接引语后要改为过去将来时，故选D。
12．D
【解析】句意：杰克对我说：“你今天看起来很担忧”。杰克告诉我我那天看起来担忧。
考查直接引语变间接引语。直接引语变间接引语人称由第二人称变成第一人称，此句直接引语是第二人称you，且主句谓语动词told的宾语me，故宾语从句主语要换成I，主过从必过，从句用一般过去时。故选D。
13．C
【解析】句意：我们对她说，“他们现在正在穿过街道。”
考查直接引语和间接引语。直接引语变间接引语，时间状语需要由“现在”变为“当时”，具体到本句中是将“now”变为“then”，故排除B、D项；原直接引语“They’re walking through the street now.”是陈述句，间接引语改为that引导的宾语从句时，宾语从句中的主语与直接引语中的人称保持一则，即间接引语中也用they。故选C。
14．A
【解析】句意：“我是一名教师，”杰克说。→ 杰克说他是个老师。
考查宾语从句。将陈述句改为宾语从句，要用连接词that；根据Jack said可知主句为过去时，则宾语从句要采用相应的时态，所以排除C、D选项。间接引语改直接引语时主语I要变成相应的第三人称，Jack是男人，所以人称用he，排除B，故选A。
15．B
【解析】句意：--他说了什么？我不能听清。--他说地球绕着太阳转。分析：考查宾语从句的用法，从句要用陈述语序，当从句的内容为客观真理或者是事实的时候，要用一般现在时。他说的动作发生在过去，因此用said; 地球绕着太阳转，是客观真理，因此用一般现在时。故选 B。
16．A
【解析】句意：我父亲说他第二天要去上海。A. was going to leave过去将来时；B. is going to leave一般将来时；C. left一般过去式；D. had left过去完成时。根据时间the next day（第二天）可知用将来时，主句是过去式，从句应用过去的某一种时态，结合时间状语the next day可知从句时态是过去将来时；结合句意和选项可知选A。
17．D
【解析】主句为过去时，从句也要用过去时，人称应该改为第三人称he，时间现在应该改为在那时then，故本题选D。
18．C
【解析】试题分析：句意：莉莉说第二天有大雨。主句谓语动词said用的是一般过去时，根据英语习惯宾语从句必须使用一种相应的过去时态，结合时间状语the next day可知该用过去将来时；而过去将来时通常由助动词would+原形动词构成，此处为there be结构的过去将来时，所以选C。
考点：考查过去将来时。
19．A
【解析】试题分析：根据下文，是的，它在超市隔壁。可知上文从句描述的是客观性动作，故用一般现在时态。宾语从句中一般用陈述语序，故选A。
考点：宾语从句
点评：宾语从句中一般为陈述语序，需注意当疑问词做从句主语时，则貌似倒装句，需注意区分。关于引导词的区分需结合引导词的基本含义及其在句子中所承担的句子成分进行具体分析。
20．D
【解析】本题考查特殊疑问句作宾语从句的语序。本题回答语的含义为步行大约需要10分钟的路程，对此提问应该用多远的疑问短语how far，后跟句子的陈述顺序。而how many对于数量提问，which对于事物类别提问，how long对时间长度提问，后三者的意思与本题不符，同时ABC选项的顺序也不正确，故本题选D。
21．C
【解析】考查间接引语。根据yesterday可知用一般过去时，故排除B和D。特殊疑问句作宾语，语序要发生改变，故选C。
22．A
【解析】考查间接引语。特殊疑问句作宾语从句要改变语序，故排除B和D。再根据时态排除C。
23．A
【解析】考查间接引语。根据that 引导的肯定陈述句可排除B,C和D.
24．C
【解析】试题分析：英语宾语从句中一般用陈述语序。根据下文，我很乐意帮忙。可知上文问的是，你能告诉我我怎样能到达车站？故选C。
考点：考查宾语从句
25． was studying then
【解析】句意：“我现在正在学习英语。”他说。改为间接引语，可改为宾语从句。根据“He said”可知，宾语从句时态遵循“主过从必过”。原句时态为现在进行时，改为间接引语，时态为过去进行时，结构为was/were doing。主语为“he”，be动词用was；studying为现在分词；“now”要改为then。故填was；studying；then。
26． suggested we
【解析】句意：“为什么不在网上查一下价格呢？”他说。改为间接引语时，此处可表述为“他建议我们在网上查一下价格”，suggest“建议”，句子时态为一般过去时，we“我们”。故填suggested；we。
27． to spell
【解析】句意：“你怎么拼写这个单词？”他问。直接引语为特殊疑问句，间接引语应变为特殊疑问词加to do结构或由特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句，此处有个空，所以加to do结构符合题意。故填to；spell。
28．if/whether
【解析】句意：“你能帮我学习英语吗？”她问。根据题干要求，此处需要将直接引语改为间接引语；原句中的一般疑问句“Could you...”在间接引语中需改为“if/whether I could...是否我可以……”。故填if/whether。
29． if/whether had
【解析】句意：老师问汤姆：“你完成这个项目了吗？”直接引语是一般疑问句，间接引语中要使用if或whether来引导；直接引语的句子时态是一般过去时，所以间接引语中时态应保持一致或后退，由于主句动词“asked”是一般过去时，从句时态通常要后退，所以“did finish”应该变为“had finished”。故填if/whether；had。
30． when will
【解析】句意：我们将在什么时候举办阅读节？我想知道。直接引语是特殊疑问句，变为间接引语时，用原特殊疑问词when引导宾语从句，宾语从句用陈述语序；主句是一般现在时，从句还是用一般将来时。故填when；will。
31． what was
【解析】句意：“水的旅程是什么？” 男孩问道。原句是直接引语的特殊疑问句，改为间接引语时需要用陈述句语序，并将疑问词“what”保留。时态从一般现在时“is”改为一般过去时“was”以保持时态一致。故填what；was。
32． if/whether she
【解析】句意：本问玛丽：“你能帮我把聚会的一切都准备好吗？”原句中直接引语为一般疑问句，因此在间接引语中，应使用“if”或“whether”引导从句；直接引语中“you”指Mary，此处需改为 “she”。故填if/whether；she。
33． if/whether could
【解析】句意：母亲问她的儿子：“你能帮我们做家务吗？”原句“Can you… ”是直接引语的一般疑问句，改为间接引语时需调整语序和添加连接词，用if或者whether引导，表示“是否”。主句动词“asked”是过去时，从句需把can变成could保持时态一致。结构是：ask sb. + if/whether + 从句。故填if/whether；could。
34． If/whether could
【解析】句意：“你能给我买一包电吗？”Benny对他的妹妹说。you指代“Benny’s sister”，此处时态是一般过去时，改为间接引语时，“can you” 变为 “if/whether she could”。故填If/whether； could。
35．She told Tom to come into the sitting room.
【解析】句意：“汤姆，到客厅来。”她说。直接引语为祈使句时，间接引语通常用“tell/ask/order sb. (not) to do sth.”结构，时态与主句保持一致。故填She told Tom to come into the sitting room.
36． whether/if had
【解析】句意：老师问：“你的实验报告写完了吗？”直接引语是一般疑问句，变成间接引语时，由连词whether或if引导；根据“asked”可知，主句为一般过去时，宾语从句应用相应的过去时态，此处现在完成时have finished改为过去完成时had finished。故填whether/if；had。
37． she had
【解析】句意：记者问这位女演员：“你决定与谁携手？” 原句为直接引语，是特殊疑问句，改为宾语从句需用陈述句语序，即“who+主语she+谓语+其他”；直接引语中的“you”指代“the actress”，转述时应改为第三人称“she”；主句动词“asked”是过去式，从句的现在完成时“have decided”需调整为过去完成时“had decided”。故填she；had。
38． if/whether would
【解析】句意：亚瑟问我：“你能和他谈谈吗？”本题考查直接引语变间接引语。直接引语是一般疑问句，要用if/whether(是否)来连接，宾语从句要用陈述句语序，即：主语+谓语+宾语；宾语从句的时态要和主句保持一致，主句谓语动词asked是过去式，一般将来时要变为过去将来时，即would+动词原形。故填if/whether；would。
39． had decided
【解析】句意：我们经理说：“她已决定参加这次讨论。”。直接引语中has decided是现在完成时，当主句谓语动词said是一般过去时，变为间接引语时，从句时态现在完成时需变为过去完成时，即“had+过去分词”的形式，decide的过去分词是decided。故填had；decided。
40． if/whether had
【解析】句意：“你的历史项目完成了吗？”约翰问我。题干是一般疑问句，变为间接引语，需要用连接词if/whether“是否”；主句是一般过去时，从句应该用过去完成时：had+过去分词。故填if/whether；had。
41． I had
【解析】句意：珍妮问我：“你是如何设法修好这把坏椅子的？” 原句是直接引语，且为特殊疑问句，变为间接引语时需变成宾语从句。在人称上，直接引语中的you（你）要根据语境变为I（我）；在时态方面，直接引语是一般过去时，由于主句谓语动词asked也是一般过去时，所以宾语从句中要将一般过去时变为过去完成时，did相应变为had，同时语序要从疑问语序变为陈述语序。故填I；had。
42． had done
【解析】句意：“你对窗户做了什么？”格林先生问本。直接引语变间接引语时，从句时态要与主句时态保持一致，主句“Mr. Green asked”是一般过去时，直接引语“What did you do to the window ”是一般过去时，变为间接引语时要改为过去完成时（had + 过去分词），“do”的过去分词是“done”。故填had；done。
43． not to play
【解析】句意：“不要在街上踢足球，”警察对男孩们说。改为同义句时可以把直接引语变为间接引语，tell sb not to do sth“告诉某人不要做某事”，play football“踢足球”。故填not；to；play。
44． whether/if he would
【解析】句意：我问雷：“你会为晚餐买一些蔬菜吗？”直接引语是一个一般疑问句，间接引语应变为宾语从句，从句中缺少“是否”含义，对应的英文为whether或if。原句时态是一般将来时，而间接引语中主句谓语动词asked是一般过去时态，因此宾语从句中应用过去将来时，will变为would，you变为he，语序由疑问语序变为陈述语序。故填whether/if；he；would。
45． we held
【解析】句意：我们多久开一次会？我问主编。原句的“How often do we hold the meeting ”是直接疑问句，合并后需改为间接引语（宾语从句），用陈述语序，主句动词“asked”是过去时，因此从句的时态也要用过去时。故填we；held。
46． she could
【解析】句意：“通过使用人工智能工具，我可以花更少的时间在我已经知道的事情上。”露西说。根据题意和要求可知，改成同义句，即直接引语改成间接引语。本句主句是一般过去时，从句中的can应用could，Lucy是女孩，主语I应用she。故填she；could。
47． they would
【解析】句意：苏问父母：“我们什么时候去上海购物中心的人工智能展览？”改为间接引语，从句中所缺结构为：主语+谓语；原句中的第二人称“we”（指Sue和她的父母）在间接引语中要根据语境变为第三人称“they”；主句是一般过去时，从句需将原句中一般将来时“will”要变为过去将来时“would”。故填they；would。
48． why sent
【解析】句意：“为什么吉姆每年九月都给格雷女士寄信？”他想知道。原句是“why”引导的疑问句，改为间接引语后需保留疑问词“why”，特殊疑问句作为宾语从句时用陈述语序，疑问词+主语+谓语+宾语，主句是一般过去时，因此后面的宾语从句的谓语用过去式，故填why；sent。
49． they needed
【解析】句意：经理对队伍说：“我们需要在下周五前完成这个项目。”改为间接引语即改为宾语从句，从句主语是they，谓语动词是need，由said可知主句时态是一般过去时，则从句需要过去某种时态，即由原来的一般现在时改为一般过去时，need用过去式needed。故填they；needed。
50． she had
【解析】句意：“你在附近看到一只可爱的猫了吗？”保罗问贝蒂。改为间接引语，表述应是“保罗问贝蒂她是否在附近看到了一只可爱的猫”，从句主语she“她”，主句动词“asked”为过去时，直接引语中的现在完成时“Have you seen”需后退为过去完成时“had seen”。疑问句语序“Have you seen”需改为陈述句语序“she had seen”。故填she；had。
51． if/whether would
【解析】句意：我的姐姐问我：“你会在回家的路上买一瓶牛奶吗？”由于主句“ My sister asked me”是一般过去时，所以从句要遵循时态一致原则，将一般将来时变为过去将来时，即“would + 动词原形”。原句“My sister asked me, ‘Will you buy a bottle of milk on your way home ’”是一般疑问句，变为间接引语时，要用if或whether引导，“will”变为“would”。故填if/whether；would。
52． what could
【解析】句意：老师问史蒂夫他们能做什么来减少纸张浪费。直接引语是特殊疑问句，变为间接引语时，用特殊疑问词what引导宾语从句，从句要用陈述句语序。主句是一般过去时“asked”，所以从句中的情态动词can要变为过去式could。故填what；could。
53． if/whether worked
【解析】句意：“这种新药真的有效吗？”老病人问医生。直接引语为一般疑问句，改为间接引语时，应用if/whether引导，主句时态为一般过去时，从句也应用一般过去时。故填if/whether；worked。
54． if/whether was
【解析】句意：“你今天下午要介绍这个计划吗？”杰克问鲍勃。直接引语是一般疑问句，变为间接引语时，要用if 或whether引导宾语从句，表示“是否”；主句是一般过去时，从句要把一般将来时变为过去将来时，从句主语he是第三人称单数，所以用was。故填if/whether；was。
55． if/whether left
【解析】句意：警察问那位女士：“你总是很晚才离开办公室吗？”直接引语变间接引语时，一般疑问句变为if 或whether引导的宾语从句，主句谓语动词“asked”是过去式，从句时态要与主句一致，原句“leave”要用过去式left。故填if/whether；left。
56． she would
【解析】句意：玛丽说：“我明天要去看望我的奶奶。”原句为直接引语，其中主语是第一人称“I”，谓语动词是“will visit”，表示将来时态。改为间接引语时，主语需根据语境改为第三人称“she”，从句时态需改为过去将来时态，结构为would do。故填she；would。
57． whether/if influenced
【解析】句意：陆老师问：“数字技术对你的生活影响大吗？”改为间接宾语，则需要用宾语从句，原句“Does the digital technology influence you a lot in your life ”是一般疑问句，所以从句用if/whether引导；主句时态是一般过去时，从句也应用过去的某种时态，此处使用一般过去时，所以谓语动词influence要变成过去式。故填whether/if；influenced。
58． if/whether would
【解析】句意：记者问道：“你本赛季后要退役吗？”原句为直接引语，是一般疑问句，变为间接引语时，应用if或者whether引导从句；并且原句为一般过去时，因此原句中的will应变为would。故填if/whether；would。
59． what he
【解析】句意：李老师问吉姆：“放学后你会做什么运动？”该句要求改为间接引语，疑问词“What”在间接引语中保留为what，构成宾语从句的引导部分；直接引语中的“you”指代Jim，改为间接引语时需转换为“he”。故填what；he。
60． Did do
【解析】句意：我问Tammy前一天是否是她自己做的饭。根据“yesterday”可知间接引语中的过去完成时(had done)需改为直接引语中的一般过去时(did)；did后接动词原形do。故填Did；do。
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)

展开更多......

收起↑