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英语 必修 第一册 RJ
Section Ⅲ　Discovering Useful Structures & Listening and Talking
一、阅读单词：写出汉语含义
1．million num. 一百万
2．audience n. 观众；听众
二、核心单词：写出英文单词
1．compete vi. 竞争；对抗
2．pretend vi.& vt. 假装；装扮
3．cheat vi. 作弊；舞弊　vt. 欺骗；蒙骗　n. 欺骗手段；骗子
三、核心短语：写出英语表达
1．make__sense 有道理；合乎情理；表述清楚
2．pretend__to__do__sth 假装做某事
3．even__if/though 即使；虽然
观察以下课文原句并回答下面的问题
1．This isn't your first time here, is it
2．You come here often, don't you
3．You've lost some weight, haven't you
4．OK, but it won't make me too tired, will it
5．I don't have to come here every day, do I
归纳：附加疑问句的构成：陈述部分＋附加疑问部分
探究一　热词
1.compete vi. 竞争；对抗；参加比赛(教材P41)
competition n. 比赛 competitor n. 竞争者；对手 competitive adj. 竞争的；好胜的；有竞争力的 compete in 参加……比赛；在……方面竞争 compete for 为……而竞争 compete with/against... （for…） （为争取……而）与……对抗/竞争
【语境感知】
①I am writing to invite you to compete in the paper－cutting competition held in our school.
我写信邀请你参加我们学校举行的剪纸比赛。(邀请信)
②About 1，500 athletes from over 180 countries will compete for the 90 gold medals.
来自180多个国家的大约1，500名运动员将争夺90枚金牌。
③Only by competing with each other can we make great progress in our study.
只有相互竞争，我们才能在学习上取得巨大进步。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①The bank isn't performing as well as some of its competitors (compete)．
②Nobody can entirely keep away from this competitive (compete) world.
【学会表达】完成句子
③令我失望的是，我的老师没有选择让我参加书法比赛。
To my disappointment, my teacher didn't choose me to take__part__in__the_
_handwriting__competition.
2.pretend vi.& vt. 假装；装扮(教材P41)
pretend to be＋adj./n. 假装是…… pretend to do sth 假装做某事 pretend to be doing sth 假装正在做某事 pretend to have done sth假装做了某事 pretend that 假装……，谎称……
【语境感知】
①Tom often pretends to know everything, but actually he is ignorant.
汤姆经常装出无所不知的样子，实际上他一无所知。
②When her mother came in, she pretended to be reading.
当她妈妈进来时，她假装正在看书。
③Mary pretended to have done her homework and went out to play.
玛丽假装做完作业出去玩了。
④Let's pretend that we are on a lonely island.
让我们假装我们在一座孤岛上。
与pretend有类似用法(后接to do/to be doing/to have done)的动词还有happen, appear, seem, claim等以及be said to结构。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①I really dislike my job but I have to pretend to__enjoy (enjoy) it.
②He pretended to__have__known (know) the answer to the problem already.
③She opened a book, pretending (pretend) to read, with tears dropping on the open page.
【学会表达】将下列复合句改为简单句
④She pretended that she was reading a book.
→She__pretended__to__be__reading__a__book.
⑤He pretended that he had known the news.
→He__pretended__to__have__known__the__news.
探究二　短语
3.make sense 有道理；合乎情理；表述清楚(教材P41)
sense其他相关搭配： make sense of 理解；明白 make no sense 没意义 in a sense 在某一方面；就某种意义来说 in no sense 决不(用在句首时，句子用部分倒装) common sense 常识 There is no/little sense (in) doing sth 做某事没道理/没意义 It makes (no) sense to do sth/that ... 做……/……是(没)有道理的
【语境感知】
①This sentence just doesn't make sense, no matter how you read it.
无论你怎样读这个句子，它都讲不通。
②Planning so far ahead makes no sense—so many things will have changed by next year.
提前这么久做计划没有意义——到第二年许多事情都会发生变化。
③In no sense do you tell lies to your family.
你决不可以向家人撒谎。
④As far as I'm concerned, there is no sense getting upset about it now.
就我而言，现在为这事苦恼是没有意义的。
⑤It makes sense to work on the problem before it gets out of control.
在失控前致力于解决这个问题，这么做是明智的。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①In a sense, I'm pretty sure volunteering is more of a selfish act than I'd freely like to admit.
②It makes sense to__buy (buy) the most up－to－date version.
【学会表达】完成句子
③那个陈述一点也不正确。
In no sense is__that__statement__correct．
④过别人想要的或者期望的生活是没有意义的。
There__is__no__sense__(in)__living__the__life that someone else wants or expects.
探究三　长难句分析
4.A soccer player should not pretend to fall down even if it helps his/her team. (教材P41) 一个足球运动员不应该假装跌倒，即使这对他/她的球队有帮助。
【分析】　even if引导让步状语从句。 even if “尽管，即使”，用来引导让步状语从句，可用even though替换。 even if/though引导的让步状语从句常用一般现在时表示将来。当主从句主语相同或从句主语为it，且从句中含有be动词时，从句也可采用省略句结构，即省略从句中的主语和be动词。
【语境感知】
①Native English speakers can understand each other even if they don't speak the same kind of English.
以英语为母语的人，尽管他们所讲的英语不尽相同，但是也可以相互理解。
②You must keep to the rules even if you think they're unfair.
即使你认为这些规则不公平，但也得遵守。
③Even if (he is) laughed at, he won't give up his dream.
即使被嘲笑，他也不会放弃梦想。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①Even if invited (invite) to, I won't go to such a bad lecture.
②I will go to the beach even though it rains (rain) tomorrow.
【学会表达】翻译句子
③尽管我祖父90多岁了，但他仍然时不时地打网球。
My__grandfather__still__plays__tennis__now__and__then,__even__if/though__he's__in__his__nineties.
探究四　附加疑问句
附加疑问句：又叫反意疑问句，它表示提问人没有把握，需要对方证实。
语法点1　简单句中的附加疑问句
(1)当陈述部分是“there be (not)＋主语＋其他”结构时，附加疑问部分要用“be (not)＋there”结构。
There are some bananas in the basket, aren't there
篮子里有一些香蕉，是吗？
(2)当陈述部分有情态动词must 时，附加疑问部分有三种情况。
must表示“必须”时，附加疑问部分要用mustn't; mustn't表示“禁止”时，附加疑问部分要用 must。
①We must be at home by six, mustn't we
我们必须在六点前到家，是吗？
②You mustn't stop your car here, must you
你不能把车停在这里，明白吗？
must表示“有必要”时，附加疑问部分要用needn't。
We must study English well, needn't we
我们有必要学好英语，对吗？
当must用来表示对现在的情况进行“推测”时，根据must 之后的动词采用相应的形式；在对过去的情况进行“推测”(must＋have done)时，如强调对过去情况的推测(一般句中有过去的时间状语)，附加疑问句部分一般用“didn't＋主语”；如强调动作的完成(一般句中没有过去的时间状语)，附加疑问部分用“haven't/hasn't＋主语”。
①He must be good at maths, isn't he
他数学一定很好，是吗？
②It must have rained last night, didn't it
昨晚一定下雨了，是吗？
③She must have seen the film before, hasn't she
她以前一定看过这部电影，是吗？
(3)当陈述部分是someone/somebody, no one/nobody, none 等表示人的不定代词时，附加疑问部分的主语多用they，但也可用 he；当陈述部分的主语是everything，anything，something，nothing 等表示物的不定代词时，附加疑问部分的主语用 it。
①Nobody came when I was out, did they
我外出时，没人来过，是吗？
②Everything has gone wrong today, hasn't it
今天所有事情都出问题了，是吗？
(4)当陈述部分有hardly, scarcely, barely, rarely, seldom, few, little, no, never, nothing, nobody, nowhere等否定词或半否定词时，附加疑问部分要用肯定形式。
He can hardly swim, can he
他几乎不会游泳，是吗？
如果陈述部分包含带有否定前缀或后缀的词汇时，附加疑问部分仍用否定结构。 He was unsuccessful, wasn't he 他没有成功，不是吗？
(5)当陈述部分有情态动词ought to时，附加疑问部分要用ought/should(oughtn't/shouldn't)；当陈述部分有used to时，附加疑问部分要用 usedn't或didn't；当陈述部分有had better时，附加疑问部分要用 hadn't 或 shouldn't。
①Such things ought not to be allowed, ought they
这种事是不允许的，是吗？
②You'd better get up early, hadn't you
你最好早点起床，好吗？
(6)当陈述部分是I am ... 时，附加疑问部分通常要用 aren't；当陈述部分是I am not ... 时，附加疑问部分通常要用 am I。
①I'm late for the meeting, aren't I
我开会迟到了，是吗？
②I'm not doing well, am I
我做得不好，是吗？
单句语法填空
①Some plants never blossom, do they
②You found the key in the bedroom, didn't you
③You'd better change your wet skirt, hadn't/shouldn't you
语法点2　祈使句、感叹句和并列句中的附加疑问句
(1)祈使句和感叹句中的附加疑问句
Let开头的祈使句，构成附加疑问句时，除Let's用 shall we 构成附加疑问句外，其他均用will you。
①Let's go swimming, shall we
我们去游泳吧，好吗？
②Let the boy go first, will you
让这个男孩先走，可以吗？
祈使句的肯定形式，其附加疑问句表示“请求”时，通常用 will you；表示“邀请，劝说”时，通常用 won't you。
①Be sure to write to us, will you
一定要给我们写信，好吗？
②Come to have dinner with us this evening, won't you
今晚来和我们吃晚饭，好吗？
祈使句的否定形式，其附加疑问句通常只用 will you 构成。
Don't smoke in the meeting room, will you
不要在会议室抽烟，好吗？
变异祈使句，即句首为称呼语，后接第二人称代词引导的一个一般现在时的陈述句，这时，我们应将其视为无主语的祈使句结构，附加疑问部分要用 will you 构成。
Mike, you take all these tables out of the next room, will you
迈克，你把这些桌子从隔壁房间全部搬出来，好吗？
感叹句的附加疑问句一律使用否定形式，并用 be 的一般现在时形式。
What a foolish child (he is), isn't he
他是一个多么无知的孩子呀，是吗？
(2)并列句中的附加疑问句
当陈述句是由并列连词 and, but, or, for, so等连接的两个并列分句组成时，附加疑问部分一般与最接近的分句保持一致，也就是说，对后一分句进行反问。
He was a lazy child, and he didn't pass the exam, did he
他很懒，没有通过考试，是吗？
单句语法填空
①Let's go for a walk, shall we
②Be quiet for a moment, will you
③Don't tell anyone, will you
语法点3　复合结构中的附加疑问句
(1)在宾语从句中，如果陈述部分是“I think (believe, suppose, imagine, expect等)＋宾语从句”，附加疑问部分应与宾语从句的主谓保持一致，并要注意否定转移。
I believe that the film is interesting, isn't it
我认为这部电影很有趣，不是吗？
当think等动词的主语不是第一人称，或主语是第一人称，但动词时态不是一般现在时，这时，附加疑问句的助动词和人称代词要与主句保持一致。 Mary thinks you will come to the party, doesn't she 玛丽认为你会来参加派对，是吗？
(2)一般情况下，陈述部分是主从复合句时，附加疑问部分应与主句中的主语和谓语动词保持一致。
It is the second time that he has been to Japan, isn't it
这是他第二次来到日本，是吗？
当陈述部分含有主语从句时，附加疑问部分的主语用it。
That she didn't go home made his parents very angry, didn't it
她没有回家，这使得他父母很生气，是吗？
单句语法填空
①Jenny doesn't think that Robert is honest, does she
②I don't think that you can do it, can you
③I consider that he has done his best, hasn't he
语法点4　附加疑问句的回答
对附加疑问句的回答，无论问题的提法如何，如果事实是肯定的，就用yes，事实是否定的，就用no。要特别注意陈述部分是否定结构，附加疑问部分用肯定式提问时，回答yes或no与汉语意义正好相反。此时yes要译成“不”，no要译成“是”。
①—He likes playing football, doesn't he
——他喜欢踢足球，不是吗？
—Yes, he does./No, he doesn't.
——是的，他喜欢。/不，他不喜欢。
②—His sister didn't attend the meeting, did she
——他妹妹未出席会议，是吗？
—Yes, she did./No, she didn't.
——不，她去了。/是的，她没去。
单句语法填空
①—You are a student, aren't you
—Yes, I am．
②—Your friend wants to go swimming, doesn't he
—Yes, he does．
③—He didn't go to school because of illness, did he
—No, he didn't．
Ⅰ.匹配词义
a.匹配下列单词的词义
(E)1.glory A．n. 观众；听众
(C)2.strength B．n. 决心；决定
(D)3.million C．n. 力量；体力
(B)4.determination D．num. 一百万
(A)5.audience　　　 E．n. 荣誉；光荣
b.匹配下列短语的词义
(E)6.even if/though A．有道理；合乎情理
(C)7.pretend to do sth B．丧失信心；泄气
(A)8.make sense C．假装做某事
(D)9.compete for D．为……竞争
(B)10.lose heart　　　 E．即使；虽然
Ⅱ.默写单词
1．cheat vi. 作弊　vt. 欺骗　n. 骗子
2．host vt. 主办；主持　n. 主人
3．compete vi. 竞争；对抗
4．athlete n. 运动员；运动健儿
5．pretend vi.& vt. 假装；装扮
6．honour n. 荣誉；尊敬；荣幸
7．stadium n. 体育场；运动场
8．failure n. 失败；失败的人(或事物)
9．track n. 跑道　v. 追踪
10．injure vt. 使受伤；损害
Ⅲ.选词填空
compete, pretend, million, cheat, audience, determination, strength, fair
1．Judging from the response of the audience,__the performance was a success.
2．Our teacher has been instructing that we are supposed to be a man with courage, insight and determination．
3．As we know, athletes made it an honour to compete for medals.
4．Was it really fair to him to ask him to do all the work
5．For millions of years, the ancestors of humans evolved painfully slowly.
6．She pretended to have known everything about it and said nothing.
7．His deskmate refused to help him cheat in the examination, which made him embarrassed.
8．She was so weak that she didn't even have the strength to stand up.
Ⅳ.单句语法填空(附加疑问句)
1．The movie that we saw last week was quite interesting, wasn't it
2．Tell me how to operate the electronic computer, will you
3．You must have learned to dance for years, haven't you
4．Let's do exercises by ourselves, shall we
5．You must be hungry, aren't you
6．Your friend needs to come earlier, doesn't he/she
7．They must have stayed at the hotel last night, didn't they
8．What beautiful weather, isn't it
Ⅴ.完成表达
1．So far, they have tended to compete__for (为……竞争) influence.
2．If you want to find a solution to this problem, it makes__sense (有意义) to focus on the notes you took in class yesterday.
3．She buried her head under the covers, pretending__to__be__asleep (假装睡着了)．
Ⅵ.完整表达
1．半小时应该够了，不是吗？
Half__an__hour__ought__to__be__enough__time,__shouldn't/oughtn't__it
2．即使她很生气，但是她的声音仍然很平静。
Her__voice__still__remained__calm,__even__if__she__was__getting__annoyed.__
3．我认为做正确的事情比拿到奖牌更重要，不是吗？
I__think__it's_more_important_to_do_the_right__things__than__to__get__a__medal,__isn't__it
课后课时作业
较易题(占比70%)　中档题(占比30%)　拔高题(占比0%)
题号 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ
难度 ★★ ★ ★
Ⅰ　完形填空
(2024·广东汕头高一上期末)Richard is a boy who is positive towards life. He is interested in doing sports and takes a(n) __1__ part in a lot of __2__ such as soccer, boxing, skiing and badminton. He is always against __3__ in sports and tries to avoid errors in matches. As a result, he is __4__ to be an excellent athlete and __5__ all kinds of sports. Doing gymnastics in the __6__ is his favorite. To build up __7__， he jogs in the stadium every day. In his mind, __8__ makes him relaxed and __9__. Sweating during the jog gives him an enjoyable feeling. Besides, in order to have a slim shape, he keeps a(n) __10__ diet.
Once he signed up for a marathon __11__ in his city. During the competition, he fell down on the track and his left leg was injured. The audience, as well as his captain, thought he would end in __12__. However, though under stress, he didn't __13__ but ran as hard as he could to __14__ for his team. The spiritual strength he showed made him unique. Finally, not only did he become the champion and win the medal as well as the honor for his team, but also he won the __15__ of the citizens.
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了热爱运动的Richard (理查德)在一次马拉松比赛中受伤，却坚持完成比赛，不仅赢得了比赛也赢得了人们对他的尊重。
1．(　　)A.active B．confident
C．anxious D．joyful
答案：A
解析：根据前文“He is interested in doing sports”可知，Richard对运动感兴趣，由此可推知，他会积极参与到各种运动中。take an active part in ... 意为“积极参加……”。故选A。
2．(　　)A.shows B．topics
C．events D．lectures
答案：C
解析：根据后文“such as soccer, boxing, skiing and badminton”可知，他参加各种运动项目。故选C。
3．(　　)A.sweating B．cheating
C．pretending D．packing
答案：B
解析：根据后文“However, though under stress ... to __14__ for his team.”可知，尽管受伤，他仍坚持比赛，不作弊。故选B。
4．(　　)A.thought B．impressed
C．recommended D．allowed
答案：C
解析：根据前文“He is always against __3__ in sports and tries to avoid errors in matches.”可知，他在比赛中表现很好，因此被推荐为优秀运动员。故选C。
5．(　　)A.act B．master
C．edit D．volunteer
答案：B
解析：根据前文“He is interested in ... soccer, boxing, skiing and badminton.”可知，他擅长很多运动。故选B。
6．(　　)A.company B．classroom
C．office D．gym
答案：D
解析：根据前文“Doing gymnastics”可知，做体操训练应该是在健身房。故选D。
7．(　　)A.determination B．stress
C．strength D．friendship
答案：C
解析：根据前文“build up”以及后文“he jogs in the stadium every day”可知，慢跑应该是为了锻炼身体，增强自己的体力。故选C。
8．(　　)A.playing B．walking
C．jogging D．hiking
答案：C
解析：根据前文“he jogs in the stadium every day”可知，他每天都会慢跑，慢跑让他放松并且强壮。此处为原词复现。故选C。
9．(　　)A.strong B．weak
C．unique D．attractive
答案：A
解析：根据前文“In his mind, __8__ makes him relaxed”并结合常识可知，慢跑让他放松，同时这种锻炼应该也会使人身体强壮。故选A。
10．(　　)A.traditional B．economical
C．advanced D．balanced
答案：D
解析：根据前文“in order to have a slim shape”以及后文“diet”可知，保持体形需要饮食均衡。故选D。
11．(　　)A.solved B．attended
C．moved D．hosted
答案：D
解析：根据前文“Once he signed up for a marathon”可知，他报名参加他们城市举办的马拉松。故选D。
12．(　　)A.detail B．success
C．failure D．experience
答案：C
解析：根据前文“During the competition, he fell down on the track and his left leg was injured.”可知，他在比赛中受伤了，大家认为他会失败。故选C。
13．(　　)A.give up B．clean up
C．make up D．sign up
答案：A
解析：根据后文“not only did he ... the honor for his team”可知，他成了这次比赛的冠军并赢得了奖牌，由此可推知，他没有因受伤而放弃比赛。故选A。
14．(　　)A.apply B．arrange
C．explore D．compete
答案：D
解析：根据后文“not only did he... for his team”可知，虽然受伤了，但是他为了团队的荣誉继续努力比赛。故选D。
15．(　　)A.goal B．admiration
C．comment D．wisdom
答案：B
解析：根据前文“The spiritual strength he showed made him unique.”可知，他的精神力量使他独一无二，赢得了人们的尊重和赞赏。故选B。
Ⅱ　七选五
(2024·山西晋中高一上期末)Is it bad to work out in cold weather 1(____). With winter now, here is what the doctors and personal trainers want you to know about exercising in cold weather.
Burn extra calories
In cold climates, your body needs to perform extra heat to keep your body warm. Brown fat is the type of body fat that helps control body temperature. When you're outside in the cold, brown fat burns calories in order to increase body temperature. 2(____)．
Help increase willpower (意志力)
Working out in the heat can cause you to become tired more easily, since it increases sweating and your heart rate more rapidly. 3(____). It may mean you can build willpower more easily.
4(____)
Exercising outside during the winter is thought to be one useful way to avoid a type of disorder or depression that tends to affect people during the dark winter months. Sunlight and exercise both have a positive impact on your mental condition. They help give out more “feel good” chemicals, including serotonin and endorphins.
Help you sleep better
The combination of sunlight exposure (暴露) during the daytime, fresh air and physical activity can help you relax and sleep well at night. 5(____). It is also called your “internal clock” which makes you feel sleepy enough at night and awake enough in the morning.
Exercising in cold weather isn't for everyone, though. If you have any health problems, it is advisable to talk with your health care provider first.
A．Support heart health
B．Improve your mental health
C．It can make you take regular exercise
D．In this process it can likely help you to lose weight
E．Sunlight is important for controlling your sleep－wake cycle
F．As long as you take preventive measures, it is actually pretty beneficial
G．On the other hand, exercising in the cold can allow you to work out longer
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在寒冷天气里锻炼的好处。
1．答案：F
解析：前文“Is it bad to work out in cold weather？”提出在寒冷天气里锻炼是否不好；后文描述了冬天锻炼的好处，由此可知，F项(只要你采取预防措施，它实际上是相当有益的)承前启后。故选F。
2．答案：D
解析：根据前文“When you're outside ... increase body temperature.”可知，在寒冷天气里，脂肪燃烧卡路里来提高身体的温度。D项(在这个过程中，它可能会帮助你减肥)承接前文。故选D。
3．答案：G
解析：后文“It may mean you can build willpower more easily.”提到这有助于培养意志力。G项(另一方面，在寒冷的天气里，锻炼持续的时间更长)引出后文。故选G。
4．答案：B
解析：设空处为本段小标题，根据后文内容可知，本段主要讲述冬季锻炼可以改善心理健康，B项(改善你的心理健康)概括本段内容。故选B。
5．答案：E
解析：前文“The combination of sunlight ... sleep well at night.”提到在寒冷的白天锻炼能促进睡眠，后文“It is also called ... enough in the morning.”提出“生物钟”概念，E项(阳光对控制你的睡眠周期很重要)承前启后。故选E。
Ⅲ　语法填空
(2024·黑龙江省龙东地区五校联考高一上期末)I began to grow up that winter night when my parents and I were returning from my aunt's house, and my mother said that we would leave for America soon. The country could be __1__ (access) to us at the time. We were on the bus then. I was crying and some people on the bus were turning around to look at me. My mother said to me, “You are being looked at by the passengers now.” In addition, she asked me, “You must have learned about America before, __2__ you？” I said yes. I remember that I could not bear the thought of never hearing again the radio program for school children which I listened to every morning.
I do not remember myself __3__ (cry) for this reason again. In fact, I think I cried little when I was saying goodbye to my friends and relatives, though I was concerned with them. When we were leaving, I thought about all the places __4__ I was going to see—strange and magical places I had known only from books and pictures. The __5__ (image) of America were forming in my mind.
The four years that followed taught me the importance of thinking about and dealing with matters positively and appropriately, but the idea did not come to me __6__ (original). For the first two years in New York I was really lost—having to study in three schools as a result of family moves. But I could read __7__ variety of books in the libraries. Later, Mother remarried, and things became even more complex for me.
My responsibility in the family increased a lot since I knew English better than everyone else at home. Knowing English enabled me __8__ (deal) with many things conveniently. I wrote letters and filled out forms. To my __9__ (relieve), I ended up being able to adapt to the social style and environment here in America.
From my experiences I have learned one important rule: Almost all common troubles go away at last! We should also learn to be more creative. I also hope that I can make a bigger contribution __10__ my family and the society.
1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________9．________　10.________
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者去美国之后的情况。
1．答案：accessible
解析：考查词性转换。be动词后应用形容词作表语，意为“可到达的”。故填accessible。
2．答案：haven't
解析：考查附加疑问句。根据设空前的You must have learned about America before可知，此处应用haven't you进行反问。故填haven't。
3．答案：crying
解析：考查非谓语动词。此处myself与cry之间为主动关系，应用现在分词。故填crying。
4．答案：that
解析：考查定语从句的引导词。设空处引导定语从句，先行词为places，指物，在从句中作动词see的宾语，且设空前有all修饰，应用关系代词that引导。故填that。
5．答案：images
解析：考查名词。image为可数名词，此处应用名词复数，表示泛指，作主语。故填images。
6．答案：originally
解析：考查词性转换。修饰动词短语come to，应用副词，作状语。故填originally。
7．答案：a
解析：考查冠词。句意：但我可以在图书馆里阅读各种各样的书。固定短语a variety of意为“各种各样的”。故填a。
8．答案：to deal
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：懂英语使我能够方便地处理许多事情。固定短语enable sb to do sth意为“使某人能够做某事”。故填to deal。
9．答案：relief
解析：考查词性转换。固定短语to one's relief意为“让某人感到欣慰的是”。故填relief。
10．答案：to
解析：考查介词。固定短语make a contribution to意为“为……做贡献”。故填to。
　读后续写
　　阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
(2024·武汉市部分重点中学高一上期末)Sports are more than competitions.
I used to be very shy and often felt lonely. Although I did well in all the academic subjects, I was afraid of physical education. Even kids in the neighborhood would laugh at me. “Look at that girl，” they said. “Her feet don't leave the ground when she runs！” Their words embarrassed me. At school, whenever the teacher organized some competitive games, no one in the class would choose me as their partner or team member. As a result, I often ended up looking at others enjoy their games.
Things would go on like that if not for a sports meet in my high school. By mistake, my name was put on the list of those who would compete in the women's 1，500 meters race. By the time people found the mistake, it was too late to change.
My deskmate, Mary, was a natural athlete. She said to me, “I couldn't run that race in your place, because I have signed up for three items already.” I nearly broke down. 1，500 meters! Running against the best runners in front of the whole school! It would be the worst nightmare I'd ever have!
“You still have time to catch up because there is still one month before the sports meet，” Mary patted me on the shoulder, “That is cool! You will run for our class! And we will do training together.” Yes, this is not just for myself, but for my class. But still, 1，500 meters to me was like Mount Everest to a beginning climber. I had no idea even how to start my preparation.
Mary invited me to join in their training. Every afternoon after class, several of us ran together. When the fear of being laughed at flooded over me, I saw others running right beside or stand by the tracks cheering for us. They gave me strength.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150个左右；
2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Before I could realize how fast one month went by, I was standing behind the start line of the sports meet. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 As expected, I was almost the last to cross the finish line. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
5R解读故事
1．Read for characters (人物)
The author, Mary,__the author's classmates
2．Read for conflict/problems (冲突/问题)
I used to be very shy and often felt lonely and was afraid of physical education. By mistake, my name was put on the list of women's 1，500 meters race. My deskmate, Mary's encouragement gave me strength. I trained hard. Although I didn't have a good performance, I was full of confidence that I would improve in the future.
3．Read for plot (情节)
4．Read for emotional changes (情感变化)
I was afraid of physical education. Mary's encouragement and others' cheering for me gave me strength.
5．Read for theme (主题)
Sports are bringing me close to my classmates and helping us grow__together．
4步确定框架
Step 1：先写最后一句(主题句)
Sports__are__not__about__winning__or__losing__competitions,__but__bringing__me__close__to__my__classmates__and__helping__us__grow__together.
Step 2：再写衔接句(第一段的最后一句)
Gritting__my__teeth,__I__pushed__myself__on__step__by__step.
Step 3：根据所给段首语句写角色的情感
第一段：
Seeing my classmates waving their hands as if about to run beside me, I no longer felt lonely__or__afraid. With the shot of the starting gun, I dashed__out and ran as fast as I could, as if it were a 200 meter race.
第二段：
When I was wondering how to apologize__for my poor performance, my classmates came around to hold my arms, helping me walk on my feet and not to sit down.
Step 4：补全续写每段的中间内容
第一段：
Soon I was out__of__breath and slowed down. Other runners passed me one by one, and gradually I had no idea how many of them were still behind me. My legs were getting heavier and heavier, and I might fall__down at any moment. However, I suddenly heard Mary calling my name. My deskmate even ran along the track beside me and cheered__for me at the same time, just like the month long training we did together.
第二段：
I was__surrounded,__with all kinds of drinks handed to me. The kind of warmth that I felt at the very moment stayed fresh on my mind. Obviously, one month certainly couldn't make me a good runner, but I was full__of__confidence that I would improve in the future.
写前导读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者很害羞，经常感到孤独且害怕体育。由于一次失误，作者的名字被列入了女子1，500米跑步比赛的名单，在同桌Mary (玛丽)的鼓励和自己的努力训练下，作者跑步比赛的结果如何？作者从中感悟到了什么？
[精彩范文]
Before I could realize how fast one month went by, I was standing behind the start line of the sports meet. Seeing my classmates waving their hands as if about to run beside me, I no longer felt lonely or afraid. With the shot of the starting gun, I dashed out and ran as fast as I could, as if it were a 200 meter race. Soon I was out of breath and slowed down. Other runners passed me one by one, and gradually I had no idea how many of them were still behind me. My legs were getting heavier and heavier, and I might fall down at any moment. However, I suddenly heard Mary calling my name. My deskmate even ran along the track beside me and cheered for me at the same time, just like the month long training we did together. Gritting my teeth, I pushed myself on step by step.
As expected, I was almost the last to cross the finish line. When I was wondering how to apologize for my poor performance, my classmates came around to hold my arms, helping me walk on my feet and not to sit down. I was surrounded, with all kinds of drinks handed to me. The kind of warmth that I felt at the very moment stayed fresh on my mind. Obviously, one month certainly couldn't make me a good runner, but I was full of confidence that I would improve in the future. Sports are not about winning or losing competitions, but bringing me close to my classmates and helping us grow together.
情节逻辑(范文和自己想的有何不同)
语言表达(原文和范文中有哪些表达更地道更准确) 1. 2. 3.
19(共89张PPT)
WELCOME UNIT
UNIT 3　SPORTS AND FITNESS
Section Ⅲ　Discovering Useful Structures & Listening and Talking
预学检测 单词打卡
自主学习 课时语法
目录
CONTENTS
1
2
合作探究 课时重点
3
对点练习 巩固所学
4
课后课时作业
5
预学检测 单词打卡
一、阅读单词：写出汉语含义
1．million num. ________
2．audience n. ____________
二、核心单词：写出英文单词
1．________ vi. 竞争；对抗
2．________ vi.& vt. 假装；装扮
3．______ vi. 作弊；舞弊　vt. 欺骗；蒙骗　n. 欺骗手段；骗子
一百万
观众；听众
compete
pretend
cheat
三、核心短语：写出英语表达
1．___________ 有道理；合乎情理；表述清楚
2．________________ 假装做某事
3．_____________ 即使；虽然
make sense
pretend to do sth
even if/though
自主学习 课时语法
观察以下课文原句并写出黑体部分的功能和构成
1．This isn't your first time here, is it
2．You come here of ten, don't you
3．You've lost some weight, haven't you
4．OK, but it won't make me too tired, will it
5．I don't have to come here every day, do I
归纳：附加疑问句的构成：______________________
陈述部分+附加疑问部分
合作探究 课时重点
探究一　热词
（一）高频词
1.compete vi. 竞争；对抗；参加比赛(教材P41)
competition n. 比赛
competitor n. 竞争者；对手
competitive adj. 竞争的；好胜的；有竞争力的
compete in 参加……比赛；在……方面竞争
compete for 为……而竞争
compete with/against （... for） （为争取……而）与……对抗/竞争
【语境感知】
①I am writing to invite you to compete in the paper－cutting competition held in our school.
我写信邀请你参加我们学校举行的剪纸比赛。(邀请信)
②About 1，500 athletes from over 180 countries will compete for the 90 gold medals.
来自180多个国家的大约1，500名运动员将争夺90枚金牌。
③Only by competing with each other can we make great progress in our study.
只有相互竞争，我们才能在学习上取得巨大进步。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①The bank isn't performing as well as some of its __________ (compete)．
②Nobody can entirely keep away from this __________ (compete) world.
【学会表达】完成句子
③令我失望的是，老师没有选择我参加书法比赛。
To my disappointment, my teacher didn't choose me to _______________________
____________.
competitors
competitive
take part in the handwriting
competition
2.pretend vi.& vt. 假装；装扮(教材P41)
pretend to be＋adj./n. 假装是
pretend to do sth 假装做某事
pretend to be doing 假装正在做
pretend to have done 假装做了……
pretend that 假装……，谎称……
【语境感知】
①Tom often pretends to know everything, but actually he is ignorant.
汤姆经常装出无所不知的样子，实际上他一无所知。
②When her mother came in, she pretended to be reading.
当她妈妈进来时，她假装正在看书。
③Mary pretended to have done her homework and went out to play.
玛丽假装做完作业出去玩了。
④Let's pretend that we are on a lonely island.
让我们假装我们在一座孤岛上。
与pretend有类似用法(后接to do/to be doing/to have done)的动词还有happen,appear, seem, claim等以及be said to结构。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①I really dislike my job but I have to pretend ________ (enjoy) it.
②He pretended _____________ (know) the answer to the problem already.
③She opened a book, __________ (pretend) to read, with tears dropping on the open page.
to enjoy
to have known
pretending
【学会表达】将下列复合句改为简单句
④She pretended that she was reading a book.
→________________________________
⑤He pretended that he had known the news.
→__________________________________
She pretended to be reading a book.
He pretended to have known the news.
探究二　短语
3.make sense 有道理；合乎情理；表述清楚(教材P41)
sense其他相关搭配：
make sense of 理解；明白
make no sense 没意义
in a sense 在某一方面；就某种意义来说
in no sense 决不(用在句首时，句子用部分倒装)
common sense 常识
There is no/little sense in doing sth 做某事没道理/没意义
It makes (no) sense to do sth/that ... 做……/……是(没)有道理的
【语境感知】
①This sentence just doesn't make sense, no matter how you read it.
无论你怎样读这个句子，它都讲不通。
②Planning so far ahead makes no sense—so many things will have changed by next year.
提前这么久做计划没有意义——到第二年许多事情都会发生变化。
③In no sense do you tell lies to your family.
你决不可向家人撒谎。
④As far as I'm concerned, there is no sense getting upset about it now.
就我而言，现在为这事苦恼是没有意义的。
⑤It makes sense to work on the problem before it gets out of control.
在失控前致力解决这个问题，这么做是明智的。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①In ___ sense, I'm pretty sure volunteering is more of a selfish act than I'd freely like to admit.
②It makes sense _______ (buy) the most up－to－date version.
【学会表达】完成句子
③那个陈述一点也不正确。
In no sense _____________________.
④过别人想要的或者期望的生活是没有意义的。
_____________________________ that someone else wants or expects.
a
to buy
is that statement correct
There is no sense in living the life
探究三　长难句分析
4.A soccer player should not pretend to fall down even if it helps his/her team. (教材P41)
一个足球运动员不应该假装跌倒，即使这对他/她的球队有帮助。
【分析】　even if引导让步状语从句。
even if “尽管，即使”，用来引导让步状语从句，可用even though替换。
even if/though引导的让步状语从句常用一般现在时表示将来。当主从句主语相同或从句主语为it，且从句中含有be动词时，从句也可采用省略句结构，即省略从句中的主语和be动词。
【语境感知】
①Native English speakers can understand each other even if they don't speak the same kind of English.
以英语为母语的人，尽管他们所讲的英语不尽相同，但是也可以相互理解。
②You must keep to the rules even if you think they're unfair.
即使你认为这些规则不公正，但也得遵守。
③Even if (he is) laughed at, he won't give up his dream.
即使被嘲笑，他也不会放弃梦想。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①Even if ________ (invite) to, I won't go to such a bad lecture.
②I will go to the beach even if/though it ______ (rain) tomorrow.
【学会表达】翻译句子
③尽管我祖父90多岁了，但他仍然时不时地打打网球。
____________________________________________________________________
invited
rains
My grandfather still plays tennis now and then, even though he’s in his nineties.
探究四　附加疑问句
附加疑问句：又叫反意疑问句，它表示提问人没有把握，需要对方证实。
(1)当陈述部分是“there be (not)＋主语＋其他”结构时，附加疑问部分要用“be (not)＋there”结构。
There are some bananas in the basket, aren't there
篮子里有一些香蕉，是吗？
(2)当陈述部分有情态动词must 时，附加疑问部分有三种情况。
must表示“必须”时，附加疑问部分要用mustn't; mustn't表示“禁止”时，附加疑问部分要用 must。
①We must be at home by six, mustn't we
我们必须在六点前到家，是吗？
语法点1　简单句中的附加疑问句
②You mustn't stop your car here, must you
你不能把车停在这里，明白吗？
must表示“有必要”时，附加疑问部分要用needn't。
We must study English well, needn't we
我们有必要学好英语，对吗？
当must用来表示对现在的情况进行“推测”时，根据must 之后的动词采用相应的形式；在对过去的情况进行“推测”(must＋have done)时，如强调对过去情况的推测(一般句中有过去的时间状语)，附加疑问句部分一般用“didn't＋主语”；如强调动作的完成(一般句中没有过去的时间状语)，附加疑问部分用“haven't/hasn't＋主语”。
①He must be good at maths, isn't he
他数学一定很好，是吗？
②It must have rained last night, didn't it
昨晚一定下雨了，是吗？
③She must have seen the film before, hasn't she
她以前一定看过这部电影，是吗？
(3)当陈述部分是someone/somebody, no one/nobody, none 等表示人的不定代词时，附加疑问部分的主语多用they，但也可用 he；当陈述部分的主语是everything，anything，something，nothing 等表示物的不定代词时，附加疑问部分的主语用 it。
①Nobody came when I was out, did they
我外出时，没人来过，是吗？
②Everything has gone wrong today, hasn't it
今天所有事情都出问题了，是吗？
(4)当陈述部分有hardly, scarcely, barely, rarely, seldom, few, little, no, never, nothing, nobody, nowhere等否定词或半否定词时，附加疑问部分要用肯定形式。
He can hardly swim, can he
他几乎不会游泳，是吗？
如果陈述部分包含带有否定前缀或后缀的词汇时，附加疑问部分仍用否定结构。
He was unsuccessful, wasn't he
他没有成功，不是吗？
(5)当陈述部分有情态动词ought to时，附加疑问部分要用ought/should(oughtn’t/shouldn’t)；当陈述部分有used to，附加疑问部分要用 usedn’t或didn’t；当陈述部分有had better，附加疑问部分要用 hadn’t 或 shouldn’t。
①Such things ought not to be allowed, ought they
这种事是不允许的，是吗？
②You'd better get up early, hadn't you
你最好早点起床，好吗？
(6)当陈述部分是I am ... 时，附加疑问部分通常要用 aren't；当陈述部分是I am not ... 时，附加疑问部分通常要用 am I。
①I'm late for the meeting, aren't I
我开会迟到了，是吗？
②I'm not doing well, am I
我做得不好，是吗？
单句语法填空
①Some plants never blossom, ____ they
②You found the key in the bedroom, ______ you
③You'd better change your wet skirt, ______________ you？
do
didn't
hadn't/shouldn't
(1)祈使句和感叹句中的附加疑问句
Let开头的祈使句，构成附加疑问句时，除Let's用 shall we 构成附加疑问句外，其他均用will you。
①Let's go swimming, shall we
我们去游泳吧，好吗？
②Let the boy go first, will you
让这个男孩先走，可以吗？
语法点2　祈使句、感叹句和并列句中的附加疑问句
祈使句的肯定形式，其附加疑问句表示“请求”时，通常用 will you；表示“邀请，劝说”时，通常用 won't you。
①Be sure to write to us, will you
一定要给我们写信，好吗？
②Come to have dinner with us this evening, won't you
今晚来和我们吃晚饭，好吗？
祈使句的否定形式，其附加疑问句通常只用 will you 构成。
Don't smoke in the meeting room, will you
不要在会议室抽烟，好吗？
变异祈使句，即句首为称呼语，后接第二人称代词引导的一个一般现在时的陈述句，这时，我们应将其视为无主语的祈使句结构，附加疑问部分要用 will you 构成。
Mike, you take all these tables out of the next room, will you
迈克，你把这些桌子从隔壁房间全部搬出来，好吗？
感叹句的附加疑问句一律使用否定式，并用 be 的一般现在时形式。
What a foolish child (he is), isn't he
他是一个多么无知的孩子呀，是吗？
(2)并列句中的附加疑问句
当陈述句是由并列连词 and, but, or, for, so等连接的两个并列分句组成时，附加疑问部分一般与最接近的分句保持一致，也就是说，对后一分句进行反问。
He was a lazy child, and he didn't pass the exam, did he
他很懒，没有通过考试，是吗？
单句语法填空
①Let's go for a walk, _____ we
②Be quiet for a moment, _____ you
③Don't tell anyone, _____ you？
shall
will
will
(1)在宾语从句中，如果陈述部分是“I think (believe, suppose, imagine, expect等)＋宾语从句”，附加疑问部分应与宾语从句的主谓保持一致，并要注意否定转移。
I believe that the film is interesting, isn't it
我相信这部电影很有趣，不是吗？
语法点3　复合结构中的附加疑问句
当think等动词的主语不是第一人称，或主语是第一人称，但动词时态不是一般现在时，这时，附加疑问句的助动词和人称代词要与主句保持一致。
Mary thinks you will come to the party, doesn't she
玛丽认为你会来参加派对，是吗？
(2)一般情况下，陈述部分是主从复合句时，附加疑问部分应与主句中的主语和谓语动词保持一致。
It is the second time that he has been to Japan, isn't it
这是他第二次来到日本，是吗？
当陈述部分含有主语从句时，附加疑问部分的主语用it。
That she didn't go home made his parents very angry, didn't it
她没有回家，这使得他父母很生气，是吗？
单句语法填空
①Jenny _______ think that Robert is honest, does she
②I don't think that you can do it, ____ you
③I consider that he has done his best, ______ he？
doesn't
can
hasn't
对附加疑问句的回答，无论问题的提法如何，如果事实是肯定的，就用yes，事实是否定的，就用no。要特别注意陈述部分是否定结构，附加疑问部分用肯定式提问时，回答yes或no与汉语意义正好相反。此时yes要译成“不”，no要译成“是”。
①—He likes playing football, doesn't he
——他喜欢踢足球，不是吗？
—Yes, he does./No, he doesn't.
——是的，他喜欢。/不，他不喜欢。
语法点4　附加疑问句的回答
②—His sister didn't attend the meeting, did she
——他妹妹未出席会议，是吗？
—Yes, she did./No, she didn't.
——不，她去了。/是的，她没去。
单句语法填空
①—You are a student, aren't you
—Yes, I ____．
②—Your friend wants to go swimming, doesn't he
—Yes, he _____．
③—He didn't go to school because of illness, did he
—No, he ______．
am
does
didn't
对点练习 巩固所学
Ⅰ.匹配词义
a.匹配下列单词的词义
(____)1.glory A．n. 观众；听众
(____)2.strength B．n. 决心；决定
(____)3.million C．n. 力量；体力
(____)4.determination D．num. 一百万
(____)5.audience　　　 E．n. 荣誉；光荣
E
C
D
B
A
b.匹配下列短语的词义
(____)6.even if/though A．有道理；合乎情理
(____)7.pretend to do sth B．丧失信心；泄气
(____)8.make sense C．假装做某事
(____)9.compete for D．为……竞争
(____)10.lose heart　　　 E．即使；虽然
E
C
A
D
B
Ⅱ.默写单词
1．______ vi. 作弊　vt. 欺骗　n. 骗子
2．_____ vt. 主办；主持　n. 主人
3．________ vi. 竞争；对抗
4．_______ n. 运动员；运动健儿
5．_______ vi.& vt. 假装；装扮
6．________ n. 荣誉；尊敬；荣幸
7．________ n. 体育场；运动场
8．_______ n. 失败；失败的人(或事物)
9．______ n. 跑道　v. 追踪
10．______ vt. 使受伤；损害
cheat
host
compete
athlete
pretend
honour
stadium
failure
track
injure
Ⅲ.选词填空
1．Judging from the response of the ________， the performance was a success.
2．Our teacher has been instructing that we are supposed to be a man with courage, insight and ____________．
3．As we know, athletes made it an honour to ________ for medals.
4．Was it really _____ to him to ask him to do all the work
audience
compete, pretend, million, cheat, audience, determination, strength, fair
determination
compete
fair
5．For ________ of years, the ancestors of humans evolved painfully slowly.
6．She _________ to have known everything about it and said nothing.
7．His deskmate refused to help him ______ in the examination, which made him embarrassed.
8．She was so weak that she didn't even have the ________ to stand up.
millions
pretended
cheat
strength
Ⅳ.单句语法填空(附加疑问句)
1．The movie that we saw last week was quite interesting, _______ it
2．Tell me how to operate the electronic computer, _____ you
3．You must have learned to dance for years, ________ you
4．Let's do exercises by ourselves, _____ we
5．You must be hungry, _____ you
6．Your friend needs to come earlier, ________ he/she
7．They must have stayed at the hotel last night, ______ they
8．What beautiful weather, ______ it
wasn't
will
haven't
shall
aren't
doesn't
didn't
isn't
Ⅴ.完成表达
1．So far, they have tended to ____________ (为……竞争) influence.
2．If you want to find a solution to this problem, it ____________ (有意义) to focus on the notes you took in class yesterday.
3．She buried her head under the covers, ___________________ (假装睡着了)．
compete for
makes sense
pretending to be asleep
Ⅵ.完整表达
1．半小时应该够了，不是吗？
___________________________________________________
2．即使她很生气，但是她的声音仍然很平静。
_____________________________________________________
3．我认为做正确的事情比拿到奖牌更重要，不是吗？
________________________________________________________________
Half an hour ought to be enough time, shouldn’t/oughtn’t it
Her voice still remained calm, even if she was getting annoyed.
I think it’s more important to do the right things than to get a medal, isn’t it
课后课时作业
较易题(占比70%)　中档题(占比30%)　拔高题(占比0%)
Ⅰ　完形填空
(2024·广东汕头高一上期末)Richard is a boy who is positive towards life. He is interested in doing sports and takes a(n) __1__ part in a lot of __2__ such as soccer, boxing, skiing and badminton. He is always against __3__ in sports and tries to avoid errors in matches. As a result, he is __4__ to be an excellent athlete and __5__ all kinds of sports. Doing gymnastics in the __6__ is his favorite. To build up __7__， he jogs in the stadium every day. In his mind, __8__ makes him relaxed and __9__. Sweating during the jog gives him an enjoyable feeling. Besides, in order to have a slim shape, he keeps a __10__ diet.
题号 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ
难度 ★★ ★ ★
Once he signed up for a marathon __11__ in his city. During the competition, he fell down on the track and his left leg was injured. The audience, as well as his captain, thought he would end in __12__. However, though under stress, he didn't __13__ but ran as hard as he could to __14__ for his team. The spiritual strength he showed made him unique. Finally, not only did he become the champion and win the medal as well as the honor for his team, but also he won the __15__ of the citizens.
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了热爱运动的Richard (理查德)在一次马拉松比赛中受伤，却坚持完成比赛，不仅赢得了比赛也赢得了人们对他的尊重。
篇章导读
1．(　　)A.active B．confident
C．anxious D．joyful
解析：根据前文“He is interested in doing sports”可知，Richard对运动感兴趣，由此可推知，他会积极参与到各种运动中。take an active part in ... 意为“积极参加……”。故选A。
答案
解析
2．(　　)A.shows B．topics
C．events D．lectures
解析：根据后文“such as soccer, boxing, skiing and badminton”可知，他参加各种运动项目。故选C。
3．(　　)A.sweating B．cheating
C．pretending D．packing
解析：根据后文“However, though under stress ... to __14__ for his team.”可知，尽管受伤，他仍坚持比赛，不作弊。故选B。
答案
解析
4．(　　)A.thought B．impressed
C．recommended D．allowed
解析：根据前文“He is always against __3__ in sports and tries to avoid errors in matches.”可知，他在比赛中表现很好，因此被推荐为优秀运动员。故选C。
5．(　　)A.act B．master
C．edit D．volunteer
解析：根据前文“He is interested in ... soccer, boxing, skiing and badminton.”可知，他擅长很多运动。故选B。
答案
解析
6．(　　)A.company B．classroom
C．office D．gym
解析：根据前文“Doing gymnastics”可知，做体操训练应该是在健身房。故选D。
7．(　　)A.determination B．stress
C．strength D．friendship
解析：根据前文“build up”以及后文“he jogs in the stadium every day”可知，慢跑应该是为了锻炼身体，增强自己的体力。故选C。
答案
解析
8．(　　)A.playing B．walking
C．jogging D．hiking
解析：根据前文“he jogs in the stadium every day”可知，他每天都会慢跑，慢跑让他放松并且强壮。此处为原词复现。故选C。
9．(　　)A.strong B．weak
C．unique D．attractive
解析：根据前文“In his mind, __8__ makes him relaxed”并结合常识可知，慢跑让他放松，同时这种锻炼应该也会使人身体强壮。故选A。
答案
解析
10．(　　)A.traditional B．economical
C．advanced D．balanced
解析：根据前文“in order to have a slim shape”以及后文“diet”可知，保持体型需要饮食均衡。故选D。
11．(　　)A.solved B．attended
C．moved D．hosted
解析：根据前文“Once he signed up for a marathon”可知，他报名参加他们城市举办的马拉松。故选D。
答案
解析
12．(　　)A.detail B．success
C．failure D．experience
解析：根据前文“During the competition, he fell down on the track and his left leg was injured.”可知，他在比赛中受伤了，大家认为他会失败。故选C。
13．(　　)A.give up B．clean up
C．make up D．sign up
解析：根据后文“not only did he ... the honor for his team”可知，他成为了这次比赛的冠军并赢得了奖牌，由此可推知，他没有因受伤而放弃比赛。故选A。
答案
解析
14．(　　)A.apply B．arrange
C．explore D．compete
解析：根据后文“not only did ... for his team”可知，虽然受伤了，但是他为了团队的荣誉继续努力比赛。故选D。
15．(　　)A.goal B．admiration
C．comment D．wisdom
解析：根据前文“The spiritual strength he showed made him unique.”可知，他的精神使他独一无二，也赢得了人们的尊重和赞赏。故选B。
答案
解析
Ⅱ　七选五
(2024·山西晋中高一上期末)Is it bad to work out in cold weather 1(____). With winter now, here is what the doctors and personal trainers want you to know about exercising in cold weather.
Burn extra calories
In cold climates, your body needs to perform extra heat to keep your body warm. Brown fat is the type of body fat that helps control body temperature. When you're outside in the cold, brown fat burns calories in order to increase body temperature. 2(____)．
Help increase willpower (毅力)
Working out in the heat can cause you to become tired more easily, since it increases sweating and your heart rate more rapidly. 3(____). It may mean you can build willpower more easily.
4(____)
Exercising outside during the winter is thought to be one useful way to avoid a type of disorder or depression that tends to affect people during the dark winter months. Sunlight and exercise both have a positive impact on your mental condition. They help give out more “feel good” chemicals, including serotonin and endorphins.
Help you sleep better
The combination of sunlight exposure (暴露) during the daytime, fresh air and physical activity can help you relax and sleep well at night. 5(____). It is also called your “internal clock” which makes you feel sleepy enough at night and awake enough in the morning.
Exercising in cold weather isn't for everyone, though. If you have any health problems, it is advisable to talk with your health care provider first.
A．Support heart health
B．Improve your mental health
C．It can make you take regular exercise
D．In this process it can likely help you to lose weight
E．Sunlight is important for controlling your sleep－wake cycle
F．As long as you take preventive measures, it is actually pretty beneficial
G．On the other hand, exercising in the cold can allow you to work out longer
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在寒冷天气里锻炼的好处。
篇章导读
1．答案：F
解析：前文“Is it bad to work out in cold weather？”提出在寒冷天气里锻炼是否不好；后文描述了冬天锻炼的好处，由此可知，F项(只要你采取预防措施，它实际上是相当有益的)承前启后。故选F。
2．答案：D
解析：根据前文“When you're outside ... increase body temperature.”可知，在寒冷天气里，脂肪燃烧来提高身体的温度。D项(在这个过程中，它可能会帮助你减肥)承接前文。故选D。
答案
解析
3．答案：G
解析：后文“It may mean you can build willpower more easily.”提到这有助于建立意志力。G项(另一方面，在寒冷的天气里，锻炼持续的时间更长)引出后文。故选G。
4．答案：B
解析：设空处为本段小标题，根据后文内容可知，本段主要讲述冬季锻炼可以改善心理健康，B项(改善你的心理健康)概括本段内容。故选B。
答案
解析
5．答案：E
解析：前文“The combination of sunlight ... sleep well at night.”提到在寒冷的白天锻炼能促进睡眠，后文“It is also called ... enough in the morning.”提出“生物钟”概念，E项(阳光对控制你的睡眠周期很重要)承前启后。故选E。
答案
解析
Ⅲ　语法填空
(2024·黑龙江省龙东地区五校联考高一上期末)I began to grow up that winter night when my parents and I were returning from my aunt's house, and my mother said that we would leave for America soon. The country could be __1__ (access) to us at the time. We were on the bus then. I was crying and some people on the bus were turning around to look at me. My mother said to me, “You are being looked at by the passengers now.” In addition, she asked me, “You must have learned about America before, __2__ you？” I said yes. I remember that I could not bear the thought of never hearing again the radio program for school children which I listened to every morning.
I do not remember myself __3__ (cry) for this reason again. In fact, I think I cried little when I was saying goodbye to my friends and relatives, though I was concerned with them. When we were leaving, I thought about all the places __4__ I was going to see—strange and magical places I had known only from books and pictures. The __5__ (image) of America were forming in my mind.
The four years that followed taught me the importance of thinking about and dealing with matters positively and appropriately, but the idea did not come to me __6__ (original). For the first two years in New York I was really lost—having to study in three schools as a result of family moves. But I could read __7__ variety of books in the libraries. Later, Mother remarried, and things became even more complex for me.
My responsibility in the family increased a lot since I knew English better than everyone else at home. Knowing English enabled me __8__ (deal) with many things conveniently. I wrote letters and filled out forms. To my __9__ (relieve), I ended up being able to adapt to the social style and environment here in America.
From my experiences I have learned one important rule: Almost all common troubles go away at last! We should also learn to be more creative. I also hope that I can make a bigger contribution __10__ my family and the society.
1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________5．________　
6.________　7.________　8.________9．________　10.________
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者去美国之后的情况。
篇章导读
1．答案：accessible
解析：考查词性转换。be动词后应用形容词作表语，意为“可到达的”。故填accessible。
答案
解析
2．答案：haven't
解析：考查附加疑问句。根据设空前的You must have learned about America before可知，此处应用haven't you进行反问。故填haven't。
3．答案：crying
解析：考查非谓语动词。此处myself与cry之间为主动关系，应用现在分词。故填crying。
4．答案：that
解析：考查定语从句的引导词。设空处引导定语从句，先行词为places，指物，在从句中作动词see的宾语，且设空前有all修饰，应用关系代词that引导。故填that。
答案
解析
5．答案：images
解析：考查名词。image为可数名词，此处应用名词复数，表示泛指，作主语。故填images。
6．答案：originally
解析：考查词性转换。修饰动词短语come to，应用副词，作状语。故填originally。
答案
解析
7．答案：a
解析：考查冠词。句意：但我可以在图书馆里阅读各种各样的书。固定短语a variety of意为“各种各样的”。故填a。
8．答案：to deal
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：懂英语使我能够方便地处理许多事情。固定短语enable sb to do sth意为“使某人能够做某事”。故填to deal。
答案
解析
9．答案：relief
解析：考查词性转换。固定短语to one's relief意为“让某人感到欣慰的是”。故填relief。
10．答案：to
解析：考查介词。固定短语make a contribution to意为“为……做贡献”。故填to。
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
(2024·武汉市部分重点中学高一上期末)Sports are more than competitions.
I used to be very shy and often felt lonely. Although I did well in all the academic subjects, I was afraid of physical education. Even kids in the neighborhood would laugh at me. “Look at that girl，” they said. “Her feet don't leave the ground when she runs！” Their words embarrassed me. At school, whenever the teacher organized some competitive games, no one in the class would choose me as their partner or team member. As a result, I often ended up looking at others enjoy their games.
读后续写
Things would go on like that if not for a sports meet in my high school. By mistake, my name was put on the list of those who would compete in the women's 1，500 meters race. By the time people found the mistake, it was too late to change.
My deskmate, Mary, was a natural athlete. She said to me, “I couldn't run that race in your place, because I have signed up for three items already.” I nearly broke down. 1，500 meters! Running against the best runners in front of the whole school! It would be the worst nightmare I'd ever have!
“You still have time to catch up because there is still one month before the sports meet，” Mary patted me on the shoulder, “That is cool! You will run for our class! And we will do training together.” Yes, this is not just for myself, but for my class. But still, 1，500 meters to me was like Mount Everest to a beginning climber. I had no idea even how to start my preparation.
Mary invited me to join in their training. Every afternoon after class, several of us ran together. When the fear of being laughed at flooded over me, I saw others running right beside or stand by the tracks cheering for us. They gave me strength.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150个左右；
2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Before I could realize how fast one month went by, I was standing behind the start line of the sports meet. ﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍
As expected, I was almost the last to cross the finish line. ﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍
1．Read for characters (人物)
The author,______, the author's classmates
2．Read for conflict/problems (冲突/问题)
I used to be very shy and often felt lonely and was afraid of physical education. By mistake, my name was put on the list of women's 1，500 meters race. My deskmate, Mary's _____________ gave me strength. I trained hard. Although I didn't have a good performance, I was full of __________ that I would improve in the future.
5R解读故事
Mary
encouragement
confidence
3．Read for plot (情节)
physical education
By mistake
encouraged
4．Read for emotional changes (情感变化)
I was afraid of________________. By mistake, my name was put on the list of running race. Mary's encouragement and others' cheering for me gave me _______.
5．Read for theme (主题)
Sports are bringing me close to my classmates and helping us ______________．
physical education
strength
grow together
Step 1：先写最后一句(主题句)
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Step 2：再写衔接句(第一段的最后一句)
____________________________________________
4步确定框架
Sports are not about winning or losing competitions, but bringing me close to my classmates and helping us grow together.
Gritting my teeth, I pushed myself on step by step.
Step 3：根据所给段首语句写角色的情感
第一段：
Seeing my classmates waving their hands as if about to run beside me, I no longer felt ______________. With the shot of the starting gun, I ___________ and ran as fast as I could, as if it were a 200 meter race.
第二段：
When I was wondering how to _____________ my poor performance, my classmates came around to hold my arms, helping me walk on my feet and not to sit down.
lonely or afraid
dashed out
apologize for
Step 4：补全续写每段的中间内容
第一段：
Soon I was ____________ and slowed down. Other runners passed me one by one, and gradually I had no idea how many of them were still behind me. My legs were getting heavier and heavier, and I might ___________ at any moment. However, I suddenly heard Mary calling my name. My deskmate even ran along the track beside me and ___________ me at the same time, just like the month long training we did together.
out of breath
fall down
cheered for
第二段：
I ______________, with all kinds of drinks handed to me. The kind of _______ that I felt at the very moment stayed _____ on my mind. Obviously, one month certainly couldn't make me a good runner, but I was ________________ that I would improve in the future.
was surrounded
warmth
fresh
full of confidence
写前导读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者很害羞，害怕体育。由于一次失误，作者的名字被列入了女子1，500米跑步比赛的名单，在同桌Mary (玛丽)的鼓励和自己的努力训练下，作者跑步比赛的结果如何？作者从中感悟到了什么？
写前导读
答案
[精彩范文]
Before I could realize how fast one month went by, I was standing behind the start line of the sports meet. Seeing my classmates waving their hands as if about to run beside me, I no longer felt lonely or afraid. With the shot of the starting gun, I dashed out and ran as fast as I could, as if it were a 200 meter race. Soon I was out of breath and slowed down. Other runners passed me one by one, and gradually I had no idea how many of them were still behind me. My legs were getting heavier and heavier, and I might fall down at any moment. However, I suddenly heard Mary calling my name. My deskmate even ran along the track beside me and cheered for me at the same time, just like the month long training we did together. Gritting my teeth, I pushed myself on step by step.
答案
As expected, I was almost the last to cross the finish line. When I was wondering how to apologize for my poor performance, my classmates came around to hold my arms, helping me walk on my feet and not to sit down. I was surrounded, with all kinds of drinks handed to me. The kind of warmth that I felt at the very moment stayed fresh on my mind. Obviously, one month certainly couldn't make me a good runner, but I was full of confidence that I would improve in the future. Sports are not about winning or losing competitions, but bringing me close to my classmates and helping us grow together.
情节逻辑(范文和自己想的有何不同)
语言表达(原文和范文中有哪些表达更地道更准确) 1.
2.
3.

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