资源简介

Section Ⅰ　Understanding ideas
1．________ and external pressure 内外的双重压力
2．____ legal services 为法律服务提供资金
3．music ________ 音乐喷泉
4．____ one's respect 赢得某人的尊重
5．provide valuable _______ 提供有价值的见解
1．contribute v．贡献；促成，造成→____________ n．贡献
2．______ n．减轻，缓解→relieve v．减轻，缓解；解除
3．short adj．短的，不足的→________ n．短缺，不足，缺乏
4．effect n．影响，效果，作用→_________ adj．有效的，产生预期效果的
5．_______ v．再利用，回收利用→recycled adj．回收再利用的
6．______ v．捐赠，捐献→donation n．捐赠，捐献
7．found v．创立，建立→founder n．创建者→__________ n．基金会
8．real adj．实际的，真实的→_______ n．真实，现实
1．___________ 掠过
2．__________ 挣钱
3．________ 出席，在场
4．_________________ 有影响，使不相同
5．__________________ 突然笑起来
6．______ 建立，设立，创立
7．____________ 受益于
8．__________________________ 使某人梦想成真
1．[句型公式]　so...that引导结果状语从句
And why is the water _____________ it makes them sick
为什么他们会因为喝了不卫生的水而生病？
2．[句型公式]　“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句
After several months，Ryan had raised the $ 2，000，__________ a well was built near a primary school in Uganda．
几个月后，他筹到了2 000美元。有了这笔钱，乌干达的一所小学旁边建起了一口井。
①have trouble doing sth．做某事有困难
②look across 掠过
③fountain n．喷水池
drinking fountain 喷泉式饮水器
④earn v．挣(钱)
earn money 挣钱
⑤do gardening 做园艺；做园艺工作
⑥reach one's target 实现某人的目标
⑦a hand pump 手压泵
⑧give up放弃
⑨be determined to do sth．决心做某事
⑩ask for help 寻求帮助
persuade sb．to do sth．说服某人做某事
donate v．捐赠，捐献
at the same time 同时
go public 公之于众
no longer 不再
be grateful to sb．(for sth．) (因某事)感激某人
see...with one's own eyes 某人亲眼看到……
turn out 出席，在场
make a difference 有影响，使不相同
break into a smile 突然笑起来
break into 突然开始
lead sb．to do sth．使某人做某事
set up 建立，设立，创立
foundation n．基金会
benefit from 受益于
life-changing adj．改变生活的
insight n．顿悟，猛醒
perseverance n．不屈不挠，坚持不懈
reality n．真实，现实
make one's dream a reality 使某人梦想成真
The Well That Changed the World
As a six-year-old Canadian schoolboy，Ryan had trouble believing① the words spoken by his teacher that many people in developing African countries couldn't get enough clean water[1]．He looked across② the classroom at the drinking fountain③．It was very close—only ten steps away．So，Ryan asked himself，“Why do some African children have to walk ten kilometres to get water every day And why is the water so dirty that it makes them sick？[2]” Young Ryan thought，“Life is easy for me，but hard for those people．Why don't I help？”
[1]过去分词短语spoken by his teacher作后置定语，修饰the words；that引导同位语从句，解释说明the words的内容。
[2]该句使用了“so...that...”结构，that引导结果状语从句。
At first，his plan was to earn④ money to build a single well somewhere in Africa[3]．He cleaned windows and did gardening⑤ for his family and neighbours．He soon reached his first target⑥ of $ 70，but when he gave the money to a charity，he was told that it actually cost $ 2，000 to build a well[4]．Seventy dollars was only enough for a hand pump⑦．Ryan understood that a hand pump wouldn't help the children．What they needed was a well dug near their homes．[5]
[3]不定式短语to earn money在句中作表语；to build a single well somewhere in Africa作目的状语。
[4]此处是“it cost (sb．) some money to do sth．”句式，意为“做某事花费(某人)多少钱”。
[5]What they needed为主语从句，what在从句中作needed的宾语；过去分词短语dug near their homes作后置定语，修饰a well。
Two thousand dollars was a lot of money，but Ryan didn't give up⑧．He was determined to⑨ help other children have clean water．He started to ask for help⑩ from his classmates and neighbours and persuaded them to donate money．At the same time ，a friend of Ryan's mother helped make his story go public ．After several months，Ryan had raised the $ 2，000，with which a well was built near a primary school in Uganda[6]．The children at the school no longer needed to walk for hours to get water．They were grateful to him and invited him to visit．
[6]此处是“介词＋which”引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the $ 2，000。
In Uganda，Ryan at last saw the finished well[7] with his own eyes ．But that was not all．He also saw hundreds of delighted students who had turned out to welcome him[8]．They sang and danced happily．Some even offered him food and gifts．At first Ryan was nervous，but soon a great warmth filled him．He really had made a difference for these children．He broke into a joyful smile ．
[7]过去分词finished作前置定语，修饰well。
[8]who引导定语从句，修饰先行词students。
Later，Ryan's experience led him to set up a foundation to encourage more people to help．Many inspired people gave him their support．Ryan's foundation continues to attract support from more and more people，so the work of building more wells can go on．Today，over 800，000 people in 16 countries across Africa have benefited from the life-changing gift of clean，safe water．
Now，as an adult，Ryan says that the question to ask is not “Why don't I help？”，but “How can I help today？”．This insight grew from the determined attitude of a six-year-old boy who had the courage and perseverance to make his dream a reality [9]．
[9]who引导定语从句，修饰先行词boy。
改变世界的井
年仅六岁的加拿大男孩瑞安难以相信老师说的话——在欠发达的非洲国家，许多人都喝不到足够的干净的水。瑞安的目光掠过教室，望向对面的喷泉式饮水器。它是那么近——只有十步之遥。因此，瑞安问自己：“为什么有的非洲孩子每天要步行十公里去取水？为什么他们会因为喝了不卫生的水而生病？”年幼的瑞安想：“我的生活很舒适，可他们的生活却那么艰难，我为什么不去帮助他们呢？”
起初，他的计划是挣些钱在非洲挖一口井。通过帮助家人和邻居擦玻璃、做园艺，瑞安很快就达成了他的第一个目标——挣了70美元。但是当他把这笔钱交给慈善机构的时候，他才得知建一口井实际的花费是2 000美元。70美元只够买一个手压泵。瑞安明白，一个手压泵无法帮到非洲的孩子们，他们需要的是一口离家不远的井。
2 000美元可不是一笔小数目，但是瑞安没有放弃。他下定决心要帮助其他孩子获得干净的水。他开始向他的同学和邻居求助，劝说他们捐款。与此同时，在瑞安妈妈的一位朋友的帮助下，瑞安的事为公众所知了。几个月后，他筹到了2 000美元。有了这笔钱，乌干达的一所小学旁边建起了一口井。这所学校的孩子们再也不用走几小时的路去打水了。他们非常感激瑞安，并邀请瑞安前来参观。
在乌干达，瑞安终于亲眼见到了已经完工的井。不仅如此，他还看到了几百名学生兴高采烈地迎接他。他们高兴地又唱又跳，有的学生还为他送上了食物和礼物。刚开始瑞安还有点紧张，但很快一股暖流涌上了他的心头，他真的改变了这些孩子的生活。瑞安的脸上终于露出了高兴的笑容。
后来，这段经历促使瑞安建立了一个基金会，以鼓励更多的人伸出援手。许多深受鼓舞的人都向瑞安提供支持。瑞安的基金会不断吸引着越来越多的人给予帮助，从而使打井事业能够继续。今天，这份能改变人一生的礼物——干净卫生的水——已经惠及了非洲16个国家的80多万人。
如今，瑞安已长大成人，他说现在的问题不再是“我为什么不去帮助他们”，而是“如今我该如何去帮助他们”。这份领悟，始于一个有勇气和毅力实现梦想的六岁男孩那颗坚定不移的心。
1．What is the main idea of the passage
A．The friendship between Ryan and African children．
B．Ryan tried his best to build wells in Africa．
C．Ryan helped African children to recycle waste water．
D．The well built by Ryan changed the world．
2．Read the passage quickly and fill in the blanks．
1．What inspired the Canadian boy to help
A．The drinking fountain in his school．
B．His teacher's introduction．
C．The dirty water he found．
D．The ten-kilometre distance．
2．What do we know about the boy's effort
A．His first target was achieved and he did help others．
B．He didn't give up and collected enough money by himself．
C．He made his own story known to the public through the Internet．
D．His effort paid off and he went to see the well in person in Uganda．
3．How can we describe the Canadian boy
A．Helpful and determined．
B．Joyful and warm-hearted．
C．Hard-working and grateful．
D．Delighted and generous．
4．Which is the direct result of Ryan's effort
A．Getting more clean water．
B．Setting up a foundation．
C．Building a new well．
D．Making him go public．
1．细读课文找出心理描写的句子
(1)__________________________________________________________________
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(2)__________________________________________________________________
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2．细读课文找出动作描写的句子
(1)__________________________________________________________________
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(2)__________________________________________________________________
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3．细读课文找出对比的句子
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1．contribution n．贡献；捐赠；投稿
(1)make a contribution/contributions to
　　　　　　　　　 对……做出贡献
(2)contribute v． 捐赠；捐献；贡献；促成；
导致；投稿
contribute...to... 把……捐献给……；
给……投稿
contribute to... 做出贡献；有助于；导致
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①The new technology will make a great ____________(contribute) to the development of China's communication industry．
②Overeating and lack of regular exercise easily contribute __ overweight and high blood pressure．
③把小事做好有助于增强我们的自信心，并帮助我们迎接未来更大的挑战。
Doing small things well _________________________________________ and helping us meet bigger challenges in the future．
2．relief n．减轻，缓解；安慰；救济
(1)to one's relief　　　 令人感到欣慰的是
with/in relief 宽慰地，如释重负
It is a relief to do sth． 做某事很放心/舒心
(2)relieve v． (疼痛/问题)减轻，
缓解
relieve sb．of... 解除某人的……
(3)relieved adj． 宽慰的；欣慰的
be relieved to do sth． 对做某事感到宽慰
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/一句多译
①Hearing that he had passed the exam，he sighed _______ relief．
②The new secretary will contribute to relieving us __ some of the paperwork．
③听说你安然无恙地回来了，我们就都放心了。
a．_____________，you came back safe and sound．(介词短语)
b．____________________________ that you came back safe and sound．(形式主语)
c．I ___________________ that you came back safe and sound．(relieved)
3．shortage n．短缺，不足，缺乏
(1)a shortage of　　　 缺乏……
(2)short adj． 短的；不足的；矮的
be short of 缺少……
be short for 是……的简称/缩写
in short 总之，简言之
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①A ________(short) of hands has reduced the factory's yearly output．
②I cannot help you because I am short __ money too．
③As we all know，WTO is short ___ the World Trade Organisation．
④总之，我相信我们的生活将更加丰富多彩。
________，I believe that our life will be much richer and more colorful．
4．effective adj．有效的，产生预期效果的
(1)take effective measures to do sth．
　　　　　　　　　　 采取有效措施做某事
(2)effect n． 效果，作用，影响
have an effect on/upon 对……有影响
in effect 事实上
come into effect 生效
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①One of the most _________(effect) ways to reduce stress is to talk about feelings with someone you trust．
②They may be addicted to computer games，which will have a bad effect _______ their studies．
③确实到了政府采取有效措施解决这个问题的时候了。
It's high time for the government to _________________________________．
5．turn out 出席，在场；生产，制造；证明是，结果是
(1)turn out (to be)...　 结果是
It turns out that... 结果是……
(2)turn to 转向；求助于
turn up 出现，露面；调大(声音)
turn down 关小；调低；拒绝
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①The games that my parents taught me when I was a child turned ___ to be very useful later in my life．
②To his embarrassment，his son turned ____ the job offer because the pay was too low．
③我原以为她是个陌生人，结果她却是我姐姐的一个朋友。
I thought she was just a stranger，but __________________ she was a friend of my sister's．
6．break into a smile 突然笑起来
(1)break into　　　　　 突然……起来；破门而入，强行闯入
break into a quarrel 突然争吵起来
break into a run 拔腿跑了起来
(2)break in 打断(谈话)；突然闯入
break out 突然爆发
break through 突破
break up 打碎；拆散；分解；结束
break down 分解；出故障；垮掉；扫除(障碍)
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①His home was broken ____ last night and he lost his new bike．
②Our car broke ____ on the way and what's worse，it was getting dark．
③他们太气愤了，突然争吵起来。
They were so angry that they suddenly ____________________．
7．reality n．真实，现实
(1)face/accept reality　 面对/接受现实
escape from reality 逃避现实
in reality 事实上；实际上
(2)real adj． 实际的，真实的
really adv． 真正地，真实地
realistic adj． 现实的；实际的
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①He looked very confident and calm during the test，but __ reality，he was extremely nervous．
②As far as I'm concerned，you must stop daydreaming and be _________(reality)．
③当一个人遇到困难的时候，他/她应该面对现实，努力解决困难，而不是逃避现实。
When meeting with difficulties，one should ____________ and try to solve the difficulties instead of _____________________．
重点句式　“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句
(教材P19)After several months，Ryan had raised the $ 2，000，with which a well was built near a primary school in Uganda．
几个月后，他筹到了2 000美元。有了这笔钱，乌干达的一所小学旁边建起了一口井。
[句式分析]　with which a well was built near a primary school in Uganda是“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句，修饰先行词the $ 2，000。
He was generous with his time to help me study，for which I was grateful．
他花了很多时间帮助我学习，对此我很感激。
使用“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句要注意以下几点：
(1)在“介词＋关系代词”结构中，关系代词一般用which和whom。
(2)在“介词＋关系代词”结构中，介词的确定常依据下列三点：
①根据定语从句中的动词或形容词选择介词；
②根据定语从句所修饰的先行词选择介词；
③“of＋which/whom”表示所属关系，有时可在介词of前加上适当的名词、代词或数词等。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①This is the teacher from ____ we have learned a lot．
②He built a telescope，_______ which he could study the skies．
③There are altogether eleven books on the shelf，five __ which are mine．
④在漆黑的大街上她没有一个可以求助的人。
In the dark street，there wasn't a single person _______________________________．
Ⅰ．单词拼写
1．These reforms made great _____________(贡献) to the stability of the economy．
2．If you want to make your dream a _______(现实)，you'd better start now．
3．Many people came to ______(捐献) money to the earthquake-stricken area．
4．The freshwater ________(短缺) in this area should be paid more attention to．
5．The __________(基金会) set up last month is really beneficial for the local people．
6．I breathed a sigh of ______(宽慰) learning that he survived the serious traffic accident．
7．Some of the ________(内部的) walls of my house are made of plasterboard．
8．The organisation aimed at helping children in remote areas is ______(资助) by several local companies．
9．If we learn to _______(回收利用) materials，our natural resources will last longer．
10．Linda's education classes helped her gain some _______(顿悟) into the minds of preschoolers．
Ⅱ．选词填空
under control，earn money，give up，make a difference，turn out，set up，benefit from，break into a smile
1．In order to support his study，his brother can't wait to __________．
2．Once the difficulty is overcome，we will _______ a lot ____ the project．
3．While reading a storybook，the young girl __________________ suddenly．
4．The wide use of green cars _________ to be helpful in reducing air pollution．
5．The big fire lasted as long as 24 hours before it was brought _____________．
6．To tell you the truth，I'm determined to quit my job and ______ a company of my own．
7．So long as we hold fast to our ideals and never _______，we are bound to achieve success．
8．Only when we match our words with actions can we _________________ in whatever we hope to accomplish．
Ⅲ．完成句子
1．使我们大为欣慰的是，矿工全部获救了。(relief)
___________________，the miners were all saved．
2．结果证实该方法是成功的。(turn out)
_________________ the method is successful．
3．只有充分利用它们，我们才能打开成功之门，为社会做贡献。
Only by making full use of them can we open the door of success and ___________________________ our society．
4．他有那么多朋友以至于他从未感觉到孤单。(so...that...引导结果状语从句)
He had ____________________ he never felt lonely．
5．许多年轻人都前往偏远地区追逐梦想，他们中大多数人受过良好的教育。(“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句)
Many young people，_______________________________，headed for remote regions to chase their dreams．
Ⅳ．课文语法填空
Considering the fact that he had easy access to drinking water，Ryan，a six-year-old Canadian boy，had difficulty believing the words 1．______(speak) by his teacher that many people in developing African countries couldn't get enough clean water．So Ryan decided to help relieve the problem of water 2．________(short) in Africa．At first，he planned to build a single well somewhere in Africa so he worked to earn $ 70.3．_____________(unfortunate)，he was told that it was not enough for a single well．It actually cost $ 2，000 to build a well．Ryan didn't give up and 4．______(turn) to his classmates and neighbours and persuaded them 5．_________(donate) money．After several months，Ryan had raised the $ 2，000，with which a well was built near 6．_ primary school in Uganda．There Ryan saw the finished well with his own eyes and hundreds of 7．_________(delight) students．Realising he had made a difference for these children，Ryan broke 8．____ a joyful smile．Later，Ryan set up a foundation to encourage more people to help，9．_____ turned out to be very successful．Today，a lot of wells have been built，10．__________(benefit) over 800，000 people in 16 countries across Africa．
Section Ⅰ
语篇精读突破核心考点
教材认知
Ⅰ核心单词　词块助记
1．internal　2．fund　3．fountain　4．earn　5．insight
Ⅰ核心单词　拓展记忆
1．contribution　2．relief　3．shortage　4．effective　5．recycle　6．donate　7．foundation　8．reality
Ⅱ重点短语
1．look across　2．earn money　3．turn out　4．make a difference　5．break into a smile　6．set up　7．benefit from　8．make one's dream a reality
Ⅲ重点句式
1．so dirty that　2．with which
课文研读
Task 1　整体理解
1．B
2．①good deeds　②clean water　③a well　④build more wells　⑤courage　⑥perseverance
Task 2　细节理解
1－4　BDAC
Task 3　续写佳句
1．(1)They were grateful to him and invited him to visit．　(2)At first Ryan was nervous，but soon a great warmth filled him．
2．(1)They sang and danced happily．　(2)He broke into a joyful smile．
3．Life is easy for me，but hard for those people．
要点精析
词汇知识过关
1．①contribution　②to　③contributes to building up our confidence
2．①with/in　②of　③a．To our relief　b．It's a relief for us to hear　c．am relieved to hear
3．①shortage　②of　③for　④In short
4．①effective　②on/upon　③take effective measures to solve the problem
5．①out　②down　③it turned out that
6．①into　②down　③broke into a quarrel
7．①in　②realistic　③face reality；escaping from reality
经典句式过关
重点句式　①whom　②through　③of　④to whom she could turn for help
应用落实训练
Ⅰ．1．contributions　2．reality　3．donate　4．shortage　5．foundation　6．relief　7．internal　8．funded　9．recycle　10．insight　Ⅱ．1．earn money　2．benefit；from　3．broke into a smile　4．turns out　5．under control　6．set up　7．give up　8．make a difference
Ⅲ．1．To our great relief　2．It turns out that　3．make great contributions to　4．so many friends that　5．most of whom were well educated
Ⅳ．1．spoken　2．shortage　3．Unfortunately　4．turned　5．to donate　6．a　7．delighted　8．into　9．which　10．benefiting
1 / 1(共70张PPT)
Unit 2 Making a difference
明晰 学习目标
01
核心 单词 contribution，relief，shortage，internal，effective，fund，recycle，fountain，earn，donate，foundation，insight，reality，extend，mission，disease，disability，territory，sensitive，generous，hesitate，cancer，royal，institution，assistance，registration，confirmation，aid，temporary，military，achievement，chief，major，treatment，obtain，drug，certificate，ministry，further
重点短语 look across，drinking fountain，earn money，turn out，make a difference，break into a smile，set up，benefit from，make one's dream a reality，transport...to safety，keep records of，temporary home，at one point，rise to one's feet，bring...to public attention，pass away
重点句式 1．so...that引导结果状语从句　
2．“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句　
3．独立主格结构　
4．on doing sth．一……就……
单元语法 过去分词作定语
主题写作 写人物传记
Section Ⅰ　Understanding ideas
语篇精读 突破核心考点
教材认知
02
课文研读
要点精析
1．______ and external pressure 内外的双重压力
2．____ legal services 为法律服务提供资金
3．music _______音乐喷泉
4．____ one's respect 赢得某人的尊重
5．provide valuable ______提供有价值的见解
internal
fund
fountain
earn
insight
1．contribute v．贡献；促成，造成→____________ n．贡献
2．______ n．减轻，缓解→relieve v．减轻，缓解；解除
3．short adj．短的，不足的→________ n．短缺，不足，缺乏
4．effect n．影响，效果，作用→_________ adj．有效的，产生预期效果的
contribution
relief
shortage
effective
5．_______ v．再利用，回收利用→recycled adj．回收再利用的
6．______ v．捐赠，捐献→donation n．捐赠，捐献
7．found v．创立，建立→founder n．创建者→__________ n．基金会
8．real adj．实际的，真实的→_______ n．真实，现实
recycle
donate
foundation
reality
1．___________ 掠过
2．__________ 挣钱
3．_______ 出席，在场
4．_______________ 有影响，使不相同
5．_______________ 突然笑起来
6．______ 建立，设立，创立
7．____________ 受益于
8．_______________________ 使某人梦想成真
look across
earn money
turn out
make a difference
break into a smile
set up
benefit from
make one's dream a reality
1．[句型公式]　so...that引导结果状语从句
And why is the water __________ it makes them sick
为什么他们会因为喝了不卫生的水而生病？
2．[句型公式]　“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句
After several months，Ryan had raised the $ 2，000，__________ a well was built near a primary school in Uganda．
几个月后，他筹到了2 000美元。有了这笔钱，乌干达的一所小学旁边建起了一口井。
so dirty that
with which
①have trouble doing sth．做某事有困难
②look across 掠过
③fountain n．喷水池
drinking fountain 喷泉式饮水器
④earn v．挣(钱)
earn money 挣钱
⑤do gardening 做园艺；做园艺工作
名师圈点
⑥reach one's target 实现某人的目标
⑦a hand pump 手压泵
⑧give up放弃
⑨be determined to do sth．决心做某事
⑩ask for help 寻求帮助
persuade sb．to do sth．说服某人做某事
donate v．捐赠，捐献
at the same time 同时
go public 公之于众
no longer 不再
be grateful to sb．(for sth．) (因某事)感激某人
see...with one's own eyes 某人亲眼看到……
turn out 出席，在场
make a difference 有影响，使不相同
break into a smile 突然笑起来
break into 突然开始
lead sb．to do sth．使某人做某事
set up 建立，设立，创立
foundation n．基金会
benefit from 受益于
life-changing adj．改变生活的
insight n．顿悟，猛醒
perseverance n．不屈不挠，坚持不懈
reality n．真实，现实
make one's dream a reality 使某人梦想成真
The Well That Changed the World
As a six-year-old Canadian schoolboy，Ryan had trouble believing① the words spoken by his teacher that many people in developing African countries couldn't get enough clean water[1]．He looked across② the classroom at the drinking fountain③．It was very close—only ten steps away．So，Ryan asked himself，“Why do some African children have to walk ten kilometres to get water every day And why is the water so dirty that it makes them sick？[2]” Young Ryan thought，“Life is easy for me，but hard for those people．Why don't I help？”
原文呈现
[1]过去分词短语spoken by his teacher作后置定语，修饰the words；that引导同位语从句，解释说明the words的内容。
[2]该句使用了“so...that...”结构，that引导结果状语从句。
At first，his plan was to earn④ money to build a single well somewhere in Africa[3]．He cleaned windows and did gardening⑤ for his family and neighbours．He soon reached his first target⑥ of $ 70，but when he gave the money to a charity，he was told that it actually cost $ 2，000 to build a well[4]．Seventy dollars was only enough for a hand pump⑦．Ryan understood that a hand pump wouldn't help the children．What they needed was a well dug near their homes．[5]
[3]不定式短语to earn money在句中作表语；to build a single well somewhere in Africa作目的状语。
[4]此处是“it cost (sb．) some money to do sth．”句式，意为“做某事花费(某人)多少钱”。
[5]What they needed为主语从句，what在从句中作needed的宾语；过去分词短语dug near their homes作后置定语，修饰a well。
Two thousand dollars was a lot of money，but Ryan didn't give up⑧．He was determined to⑨ help other children have clean water．He started to ask for help⑩ from his classmates and neighbours and persuaded them to donate money．At the same time ，a friend of Ryan's mother helped make his story go public ．After several months，Ryan had raised the $ 2，000，with which a well was built near a primary school in Uganda[6]．The children at the school no longer needed to walk for hours to get water．They were grateful to him and invited him to visit．
[6]此处是“介词＋which”引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the $ 2，000。
In Uganda，Ryan at last saw the finished well[7] with his own eyes ．But that was not all．He also saw hundreds of delighted students who had turned out to welcome him[8]．They sang and danced happily．Some even offered him food and gifts．At first Ryan was nervous，but soon a great warmth filled him．He really had made a difference for these children．He broke into a joyful smile ．
[7]过去分词finished作前置定语，修饰well。
[8]who引导定语从句，修饰先行词students。
Later，Ryan's experience led him to set up a foundation to encourage more people to help．Many inspired people gave him their support．Ryan's foundation continues to attract support from more and more people，so the work of building more wells can go on．Today，over 800，000 people in 16 countries across Africa have benefited from the life-changing gift of clean，safe water．
Now，as an adult，Ryan says that the question to ask is not “Why don't I help？”，but “How can I help today？”．This insight grew from the determined attitude of a six-year-old boy who had the courage and perseverance to make his dream a reality [9]．
[9]who引导定语从句，修饰先行词boy。
改变世界的井
年仅六岁的加拿大男孩瑞安难以相信老师说的话——在欠发达的非洲国家，许多人都喝不到足够的干净的水。瑞安的目光掠过教室，望向对面的喷泉式饮水器。它是那么近——只有十步之遥。因此，瑞安问自己：“为什么有的非洲孩子每天要步行十公里去取水？为什么他们会因为喝了不卫生的水而生病？”年幼的瑞安想：“我的生活很舒适，可他们的生活却那么艰难，我为什么不去帮助他们呢？”
译文参考
起初，他的计划是挣些钱在非洲挖一口井。通过帮助家人和邻居擦玻璃、做园艺，瑞安很快就达成了他的第一个目标——挣了70美元。但是当他把这笔钱交给慈善机构的时候，他才得知建一口井实际的花费是2 000美元。70美元只够买一个手压泵。瑞安明白，一个手压泵无法帮到非洲的孩子们，他们需要的是一口离家不远的井。
2 000美元可不是一笔小数目，但是瑞安没有放弃。他下定决心要帮助其他孩子获得干净的水。他开始向他的同学和邻居求助，劝说他们捐款。与此同时，在瑞安妈妈的一位朋友的帮助下，瑞安的事为公众所知了。几个月后，他筹到了2 000美元。有了这笔钱，乌干达的一所小学旁边建起了一口井。这所学校的孩子们再也不用走几小时的路去打水了。他们非常感激瑞安，并邀请瑞安前来参观。
在乌干达，瑞安终于亲眼见到了已经完工的井。不仅如此，他还看到了几百名学生兴高采烈地迎接他。他们高兴地又唱又跳，有的学生还为他送上了食物和礼物。刚开始瑞安还有点紧张，但很快一股暖流涌上了他的心头，他真的改变了这些孩子的生活。瑞安的脸上终于露出了高兴的笑容。
后来，这段经历促使瑞安建立了一个基金会，以鼓励更多的人伸出援手。许多深受鼓舞的人都向瑞安提供支持。瑞安的基金会不断吸引着越来越多的人给予帮助，从而使打井事业能够继续。今天，这份能改变人一生的礼物——干净卫生的水——已经惠及了非洲16个国家的80多万人。
如今，瑞安已长大成人，他说现在的问题不再是“我为什么不去帮助他们”，而是“如今我该如何去帮助他们”。这份领悟，始于一个有勇气和毅力实现梦想的六岁男孩那颗坚定不移的心。
1．What is the main idea of the passage
A．The friendship between Ryan and African children．
B．Ryan tried his best to build wells in Africa．
C．Ryan helped African children to recycle waste water．
D．The well built by Ryan changed the world．
√
2．Read the passage quickly and fill in the blanks．
good deeds
clean water
a well
build more wells
courage
perseverance
1．What inspired the Canadian boy to help
A．The drinking fountain in his school．
B．His teacher's introduction．
C．The dirty water he found．
D．The ten-kilometre distance．
√
2．What do we know about the boy's effort
A．His first target was achieved and he did help others．
B．He didn't give up and collected enough money by himself．
C．He made his own story known to the public through the Internet．
D．His effort paid off and he went to see the well in person in Uganda．
√
3．How can we describe the Canadian boy
A．Helpful and determined．
B．Joyful and warm-hearted．
C．Hard-working and grateful．
D．Delighted and generous．
√
4．Which is the direct result of Ryan's effort
A．Getting more clean water．
B．Setting up a foundation．
C．Building a new well．
D．Making him go public．
√
1．细读课文找出心理描写的句子
(1)________________________________________________________
(2)________________________________________________________2．细读课文找出动作描写的句子
(1)______________________________
(2)______________________________
They were grateful to him and invited him to visit．
At first Ryan was nervous，but soon a great warmth filled him．
They sang and danced happily．
He broke into a joyful smile．
3．细读课文找出对比的句子
___________________________________________________________
Life is easy for me，but hard for those people．
1．contribution n．贡献；捐赠；投稿
(1)make a contribution/contributions to
　　　　　　　　　 对……做出贡献
(2)contribute v． 捐赠；捐献；贡献；促成；
导致；投稿
contribute...to... 把……捐献给……；给……投稿
contribute to... 做出贡献；有助于；导致
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①The new technology will make a great ____________(contribute) to the development of China's communication industry．
②Overeating and lack of regular exercise easily contribute _____ overweight and high blood pressure．
contribution
to
③把小事做好有助于增强我们的自信心，并帮助我们迎接未来更大的挑战。
Doing small things well ___________________________________ and helping us meet bigger challenges in the future．
contributes to building up our confidence
2．relief n．减轻，缓解；安慰；救济
(1)to one's relief　　　 令人感到欣慰的是
with/in relief 宽慰地，如释重负
It is a relief to do sth． 做某事很放心/舒心
(2)relieve v． (疼痛/问题)减轻，缓解
relieve sb．of... 解除某人的……
(3)relieved adj． 宽慰的；欣慰的
be relieved to do sth． 对做某事感到宽慰
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/一句多译
①Hearing that he had passed the exam，he sighed _______ relief．
②The new secretary will contribute to relieving us __ some of the paperwork．
with/in
of
③听说你安然无恙地回来了，我们就都放心了。
a．__________，you came back safe and sound．(介词短语)
b．_____________________ that you came back safe and sound．(形式主语)
c．I ________________ that you came back safe and sound．(relieved)
To our relief
It's a relief for us to hear
am relieved to hear
3．shortage n．短缺，不足，缺乏
(1)a shortage of　　　 缺乏……
(2)short adj． 短的；不足的；矮的
be short of 缺少……
be short for 是……的简称/缩写
in short 总之，简言之
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①A ________(short) of hands has reduced the factory's yearly output．
②I cannot help you because I am short __ money too．
③As we all know，WTO is short ___ the World Trade Organisation．
④总之，我相信我们的生活将更加丰富多彩。
_______，I believe that our life will be much richer and more colorful．
shortage
of
for
In short
4．effective adj．有效的，产生预期效果的
(1)take effective measures to do sth．采取有效措施做某事
(2)effect n． 效果，作用，影响
have an effect on/upon 对……有影响
in effect 事实上
come into effect 生效
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①One of the most _________(effect) ways to reduce stress is to talk about feelings with someone you trust．
②They may be addicted to computer games，which will have a bad effect _______ their studies．
③确实到了政府采取有效措施解决这个问题的时候了。
It's high time for the government to _____________________________________．
effective
on/upon
take effective measures to solve the
problem
5．turn out 出席，在场；生产，制造；证明是，结果是
(1)turn out (to be)...　 结果是
It turns out that... 结果是……
(2)turn to 转向；求助于
turn up 出现，露面；调大(声音)
turn down 关小；调低；拒绝
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①The games that my parents taught me when I was a child turned ___ to be very useful later in my life．
②To his embarrassment，his son turned ______ the job offer because the pay was too low．
③我原以为她是个陌生人，结果她却是我姐姐的一个朋友。
I thought she was just a stranger，but ______________ she was a friend of my sister's．
out
down
it turned out that
6．break into a smile 突然笑起来
(1)break into　　　　　 突然……起来；破门而入，强行闯入
break into a quarrel 突然争吵起来
break into a run 拔腿跑了起来
(2)break in 打断(谈话)；突然闯入
break out 突然爆发
break through 突破
break up 打碎；拆散；分解；结束
break down 分解；出故障；垮掉；扫除(障碍)
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①His home was broken ____ last night and he lost his new bike．
②Our car broke ______ on the way and what's worse，it was getting dark．
③他们太气愤了，突然争吵起来。
They were so angry that they suddenly _________________．
into
down
broke into a quarrel
7．reality n．真实，现实
(1)face/accept reality　 面对/接受现实
escape from reality 逃避现实
in reality 事实上；实际上
(2)real adj． 实际的，真实的
really adv． 真正地，真实地
realistic adj． 现实的；实际的
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①He looked very confident and calm during the test，but __ reality，he was extremely nervous．
②As far as I'm concerned，you must stop daydreaming and be _______
(reality)．
③当一个人遇到困难的时候，他/她应该面对现实，努力解决困难，而不是逃避现实。
When meeting with difficulties，one should ____________ and try to solve the difficulties instead of __________________．
in
realistic
face reality
escaping from reality
重点句式　“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句
(教材P19)After several months，Ryan had raised the $ 2，000，with which a well was built near a primary school in Uganda．
几个月后，他筹到了2 000美元。有了这笔钱，乌干达的一所小学旁边建起了一口井。
[句式分析]　with which a well was built near a primary school in Uganda是“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句，修饰先行词the $ 2，000。
He was generous with his time to help me study，for which I was grateful．
他花了很多时间帮助我学习，对此我很感激。
使用“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句要注意以下几点：
(1)在“介词＋关系代词”结构中，关系代词一般用which和whom。
(2)在“介词＋关系代词”结构中，介词的确定常依据下列三点：
①根据定语从句中的动词或形容词选择介词；
②根据定语从句所修饰的先行词选择介词；
③“of＋which/whom”表示所属关系，有时可在介词of前加上适当的名词、代词或数词等。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①This is the teacher from _______ we have learned a lot．
②He built a telescope，_______ which he could study the skies．
③There are altogether eleven books on the shelf，five __ which are mine．
④在漆黑的大街上她没有一个可以求助的人。
In the dark street，there wasn't a single person ___________________________．
whom
through
of
to whom she could turn
for help
Ⅰ．单词拼写
1．These reforms made great _____________(贡献) to the stability of the economy．
2．If you want to make your dream a _______(现实)，you'd better start now．
3．Many people came to ______(捐献) money to the earthquake-stricken area．
contributions
reality
donate
4．The freshwater ________(短缺) in this area should be paid more attention to．
5．The __________(基金会) set up last month is really beneficial for the local people．
6．I breathed a sigh of ______(宽慰) learning that he survived the serious traffic accident．
7．Some of the ________(内部的) walls of my house are made of plasterboard．
shortage
foundation
relief
internal
8．The organisation aimed at helping children in remote areas is ______(资助) by several local companies．
9．If we learn to _______(回收利用) materials，our natural resources will last longer．
10．Linda's education classes helped her gain some _______(顿悟) into the minds of preschoolers．
funded
recycle
insight
Ⅱ．选词填空
under control，earn money，give up，make a difference，turn out，set up，benefit from，break into a smile
1．In order to support his study，his brother can't wait to _________．
2．Once the difficulty is overcome，we will _______ a lot ____ the project．
earn money
benefit
from
3．While reading a storybook，the young girl __________________ suddenly．
4．The wide use of green cars _________ to be helpful in reducing air pollution．
5．The big fire lasted as long as 24 hours before it was brought _____________．
6．To tell you the truth，I'm determined to quit my job and ______ a company of my own．
broke into a smile
turns out
under
control
set up
7．So long as we hold fast to our ideals and never _______，we are bound to achieve success．
8．Only when we match our words with actions can we ______________________ in whatever we hope to accomplish．
give up
make a
difference
Ⅲ．完成句子
1．使我们大为欣慰的是，矿工全部获救了。(relief)
_______________，the miners were all saved．
2．结果证实该方法是成功的。(turn out)
_____________ the method is successful．
3．只有充分利用它们，我们才能打开成功之门，为社会做贡献。
Only by making full use of them can we open the door of success and _______________________ our society．
To our great relief
It turns out that
make great contributions to
4．他有那么多朋友以至于他从未感觉到孤单。(so...that...引导结果状语从句)
He had __________________ he never felt lonely．
5．许多年轻人都前往偏远地区追逐梦想，他们中大多数人受过良好的教育。(“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句)
Many young people，______________________________，headed for remote regions to chase their dreams．
so many friends that
most of whom were well-educated
Ⅳ．课文语法填空
Considering the fact that he had easy access to drinking water，Ryan，a six-year-old Canadian boy，had difficulty believing the words 1．______(speak) by his teacher that many people in developing African countries couldn't get enough clean water．So Ryan decided to help relieve the problem of water 2．________(short) in Africa．At first，he planned to build a single well somewhere in Africa so he worked to earn
spoken
shortage
$ 70.3．_____________(unfortunate)，he was told that it was not enough for a single well．It actually cost $ 2，000 to build a well．Ryan didn't give up and 4．______(turn) to his classmates and neighbours and persuaded them 5．_________(donate) money．After several months，Ryan had raised the $ 2，000，with which a well was built near 6．_ primary school in Uganda．There Ryan saw the finished well with his own eyes and hundreds of 7．_________(delight)
Unfortunately
turned
to donate
a
delighted
students．Realising he had made a difference for these children，Ryan broke 8．____ a joyful smile．Later，Ryan set up a foundation to encourage more people to help，9．_____ turned out to be very successful．Today，a lot of wells have been built，10．____________
(benefit) over 800，000 people in 16 countries across Africa．
into
which
benefiting
点击右图进入…
课
时
分
层
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业
谢谢观看 THANK YOU!课时分层作业(四)
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．Keeping a diary in English is one of the most _________(effect) ways to improve our English writing ability．
2．__ his relief，his book was found although its front cover was missing．
3．The experiment，though they tried their best，turned out ____(be) a failure．
4．The large hall was filled with people who came to make a ________(donate) to the earthquake victims．
5．After years of hard work，his dream has become a _______(real)．
6．She was so amused by the magician's tricks that she broke ____ a smile．
7．The signing of such a treaty would be a major ____________(contribute) to world peace．
8．The study ______(fund) by the National Institute of Health will be finished next month．
9．This organisation put up some posters in order to make people aware of the problem of water ________(short)．
10．Many lessons are now available online，____ which students can choose for free．
Ⅱ．阅读理解
A
(2023·全国乙卷)
PRACTITIONERS
Jacqueline Felice de Almania(c．1322)highlights the suspicion that women practicing medicine faced．Born to a Jewish family in Florence，she moved to Paris where she worked as a physician and performed surgery．In 1322 she was tried for practicing unlawfully．In spite of the court hearing testimonials(证明) of her ability as a doctor，she was banned from medicine．
Tan Yunxian(1461－1554)was a Chinese physician who learned her skills from her grandparents．Chinese women at the time could not serve apprenticeships (学徒期)with doctors．However，Tan passed the official exam．Tan treated women from all walks of life．In 1511，Tan wrote a book，Sayings of a Female Doctor，describing her life as a physician．
James Barry(c．1789－1865)was born Margaret Bulkley in Ireland but，dressed as a man，she was accepted by Edinburgh University to study medicine．She qualified as a surgeon in 1813，then joined the British Army，serving overseas．Barry retired in 1859，having practiced her entire medical profession living and working as a man．
Rebecca Lee Crumpler(1831－1895)worked as a nurse for eight years before studying in medical college in Boston in 1860．Four years later，she was the first African American woman to receive a medical degree．She moved to Virginia in 1865，where she provided medical care to freed slaves．
1．What did Jacqueline and James have in common
A．Doing teaching jobs．
B．Being hired as physicians．
C．Performing surgery．
D．Being banned from medicine．
2．How was Tan Yunxian different from the other practitioners
A．She wrote a book．
B．She went through trials．
C．She worked as a dentist．
D．She had formal education．
3．Who was the first African American with a medical degree
A．Jacqueline Felice de Almania．
B．Tan Yunxian．
C．James Barry．
D．Rebecca Lee Crumpler．
B
A five-year-old girl from Toronto has raise$25，000 in the hope that a cure can be found for her brother's disability．Na'ama Uzan has demonstrated her love for her older brother in a truly impressive way．
Na'ama's brother，Nadav，a seven-year-old boy，was diagnosed with Angelman Syndrome(快乐天使综合征) when he was two years old．The disability is characterized with development delays and speech impairment(损伤) among other problems and can occur in one in every 15，000 live births．In a determined attempt to find a cure for her brother，Na'ama set up a lemonade stand to raise money for the Foundation for Angelman Syndrome Therapeutics(FAST)．The stand sits in the family's drive way in a neighborhood in the north of Toronto and its menu changes with the seasons: lemonade for the warmer months and hot chocolate during winter．
Since starting up about a year ago，Na'ama has got some help from other children and members of the community who man the other three lemonade stands that the family has set up．Her father said，“It's quite amazing．Even at their young ages，they realise that they can do something to help him．It's quite incredible how they've all really stepped up．” So far，Na'ama has raised an incredible $ 25，000 from refreshment stands(小吃摊)．
Na'ama's efforts caught the attention of David Lowe in California．He recently had to face the news that his son，Joshua，had Angelman Syndrome．Seeing Na'ama in action inspired David to raise an additional $ 22，000 to be donated to FAST．David said，“The technology and therapies(治疗) will be there to help these individuals and the only way that hope is going to be fulfilled is through the efforts of people like Na'ama and her family who inspire others to give．”
Nadav is said to have a great sense of humor，according to his father．He certainly seems to bring joy into Na'ama's life，who describes how she loves her brother more than a ton．“I can't say how much．It never ends，” she said．
4．How much in total was donated to FAST according to the passage
A．$ 25，000．　　 B．$ 22，000．
C．$ 40，000． D．$ 47，000．
5．What does the underlined word “man” in paragraph 3 probably mean
A．Guard． B．Manage．
C．Protect． D．Observe．
6．What can be inferred from David Lowe's words in paragraph 4
A．Angelman Syndrome is incurable forever．
B．Na'ama and her family failed to inspire others．
C．They'll find the effective therapies through their efforts．
D．His son pulled through immediately with the help of FAST．
7．In Na'ama's eyes，her brother is ．
A．a boy to make her happy
B．a boy to cause trouble
C．a boy to have a sense of humor
D．a boy to keep healthy and lovely
Ⅲ．阅读七选五
Being a Volunteer
What can you do to help people The answer is—to be a volunteer! 1
●Help Yourself by Helping Others
When you volunteer to help others，you can help yourself． 2 Lots of people really enjoy volunteering．Doing volunteer work means one important thing: you make a difference in the world．So where do you start 3 Ask a teacher for ideas．
●Things to Do with Family Members
Volunteering is a great way to have fun with your family．Talk to your parents，brothers，or sisters and see what they might be interested in．Find something you all agree on．You can do the things as a family like cleaning up a park and planting trees or flowers in your local community．
●Invent Your Own Opportunity
4 You can make and sell products，and donate the money．Volunteering gives kids a taste of responsibility．Volunteering can also help kids learn important things about themselves—like what kind of things they're best at．A volunteer job can even help some kids decide what they want to do when they grow up． 5 Make a plan to start volunteering today!
A．Why not come
B．A school is a good place to start if you have volunteer ideas．
C．Volunteering means spending time helping others．
D．If you're upset，doing something can be a great way to calm yourself down．
E．Kids can come up with their own ways to raise money or provide needed services．
F．So what are you waiting for
G．Clean up a school or other public buildings．
课时分层作业(四)
Ⅰ．1．effective　2．To　3．to be　4．donation
5．reality　6．into　7．contribution　8．funded
9．shortage　10．from
Ⅱ．
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
C A D D B C A
Ⅲ．
1 2 3 4 5
C D B E F
Ⅱ．【语篇解读】　本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了历史上四位女医生的非凡经历。
1．C　[推理判断题。根据Jacqueline Felice de Almania中的“she moved to Paris where she worked as a physician and performed surgery”和James Barry中的“She qualified as a surgeon in 1813”可知，这两个人的共同之处就是她们都做手术。故选C。]
2．A　[细节理解题。根据Tan Yunxian部分的介绍可知，谈允贤从小跟着爷爷奶奶学医，并通过了官方的考试，一生中为各行各业的女性诊疗。她还写了一本名为《女医杂言》的书，记录了自己的女医生涯。其他三个医生的介绍中并未提到写书，因此选A。]
3．D　[细节理解题。根据Rebecca Lee Crumpler中的“she was the first African American woman to receive a medical degree”可知，Rebecca Lee Crumpler是第一个获得医学学位的非裔美国人。因此答案为D。]
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了五岁女孩Na'ama筹集资金捐赠给FAST，希望能治愈哥哥的疾病。她的行为激励了其他人参与其中。
4．D　[细节理解题。根据第三段的“So far，Na'ama has raised an incredible DS| 25，000 from refreshment stands．”可知，Na'ama为FAST筹集了25 000美元；根据倒数第二段的“Seeing Na'ama in action inspired David to raise an additional DS| 22，000 to be donated to FAST．”可知，大卫为FAST筹集了22 000美元。由此可知，总共有47 000美元被捐赠给了FAST。故选D。]
5．B　[词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“Na'ama has got some help from other children and members of the community”以及下文“the other three lemonade stands that the family has set up”可知，其他孩子和社区成员给予Na'ama家帮助。由此可知，他们帮着Na'ama家管理其他柠檬水摊。即画线词词义为“管理”，与manage同义。故选B。]
6．C　[推理判断题。根据第四段的“David said，‘The technology and therapies will be there to help these individuals and the only way that hope is going to be fulfilled is through the efforts of people like Na'ama and her family who inspire others to give．’”可知，大卫的话表明他们会一起努力找到有效的治疗方法。故选C。]
7．A　[细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Nadav is said to have a great sense of humor，according to his father．He certainly seems to bring joy into Na'ama's life，who describes how she loves her brother more than a ton．”可知，在Na'ama看来，哥哥是能给她带来欢乐，使她快乐的人。故选A。]
Ⅲ．【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了当志愿者的诸多好处和意义。
1．C　[上文“The answer is—to be a volunteer！”表示答案是成为一名志愿者，该空解释上文。C项“志愿活动意味着花时间帮助别人”符合语境。]
2．D　[上文“When you volunteer to help others，you can help yourself．”表示当你志愿帮助别人的时候，你也可以帮助你自己。该空承接上文，D项“如果你心烦意乱，做点事情是让自己平静下来的好方法”符合语境。]
3．B　[上文“So where do you start？”提出问题，该空承接上文，B项“如果你有做志愿者的想法，那么学校是一个很好的开始之地”符合语境。]
4．E　[下文“You can make and sell products，and donate the money．Volunteering gives kids a taste of responsibility．”表示你可以制作和销售产品，并且捐款。志愿活动可以让孩子们获得责任的体验。该空引出下文，E项“孩子们可以想出自己的方法来筹集钱或提供需要的服务”符合语境。 ]
5．F　[上文“A volunteer job can even help some kids decide what they want to do when they grow up．”表示志愿者工作甚至可以帮助一些孩子决定他们长大后想做什么。下文“Make a plan to start volunteering today！”提及从今天开始做志愿者吧。该空承上启下，F项“那你还在等什么？”符合语境。]
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