资源简介

【2022新课标】
2024新译林版 初中英语八上
Unit 8 Safe and sound
单词表增量讲解
（按照课本 单词表 排序）
依据【2022新课标】
sound /sa nd/
词性: adj.
翻译: 健康的；无损伤的
同义词:
- healthy (adj. 健康的)
- intact (adj. 完好的)
反义词:
- damaged (adj. 受损的)
固定搭配:
- safe and sound (安然无恙)
- sound sleep (酣睡)
例句:
After the storm, all the passengers were safe and sound. (暴风雨过后，所有乘客都安然无恙。)
emergency / m d nsi/
词性: n.
翻译: 紧急情况
同义词:
- crisis (n. 危机)
派生词:
- emergent (adj. 紧急的)
固定搭配:
- emergency exit (紧急出口)
- state of emergency (紧急状态)
例句:
Call 911 in case of emergency. (遇到紧急情况请拨打911。)
situation / s t u e n/
词性: n.
翻译: 情况
同义词:
- circumstance (n. 情况)
固定搭配:
- current situation (现状)
- dangerous situation (危险情况)
例句:
The firefighters quickly assessed the situation. (消防员迅速评估了现场情况。)
lightning / la tn /
词性: n.
翻译: 闪电
派生词:
- lightning-fast (adj. 闪电般的)
固定搭配:
- lightning strike (雷击)
- thunder and lightning (雷电交加)
例句:
The tree was split by lightning. (那棵树被闪电劈开了。)
office / f s/
词性: n.
翻译: 办公室；办公楼
派生词:
- officer (n. 官员)
固定搭配:
- post office (邮局)
- office building (办公楼)
例句:
She works in a downtown office. (她在市中心的办公室工作。)
homeless / h ml s/
词性: adj.
翻译: 无家可归的
同义词:
- displaced (adj. 流离失所的)
派生词:
- homelessness (n. 无家可归)
固定搭配:
- homeless shelter (收容所)
例句:
The typhoon left many families homeless. (台风让许多家庭无家可归。)
coach /k t /
词性: n.
翻译: 长途汽车
同义词:
- bus (n. 公交车)
固定搭配:
- coach station (长途汽车站)
例句:
We took an overnight coach to Paris. (我们乘夜班长途汽车去巴黎。)
road /r d/
词性: n.
翻译: 道路
同义词:
- street (n. 街道)
派生词:
- roadside (n. 路边)
固定搭配:
- main road (主干道)
- road accident (交通事故)
例句:
The road was blocked by fallen trees. (道路被倒下的树木堵住了。)
accident / ks d nt/
词性: n.
翻译: 事故
同义词:
- crash (n. 撞车事故)
派生词:
- accidental (adj. 意外的)
固定搭配:
- car accident (车祸)
- by accident (偶然)
例句:
Two people were injured in the accident. (事故中有两人受伤。)
typhoon /ta fu n/
词性: n.
翻译: 台风
同义词:
- hurricane (n. 飓风)
固定搭配:
- typhoon warning (台风预警)
例句:
The typhoon caused severe flooding. (台风引发了严重洪灾。)
state /ste t/
词性: n.
翻译: 状态；情况
同义词:
- condition (n. 状况)
固定搭配:
- state of emergency (紧急状态)
- solid state (固态)
例句:
The building was in a terrible state after the fire. (火灾后大楼损毁严重。)
fireman / fa m n/ (复数 firemen / fa men/)
词性: n.
翻译: 消防员
同义词:
- firefighter (n. 消防员)
例句:
The firemen rescued three children from the burning house. (消防员从着火房屋中救出三名儿童。)
traffic / tr f k/
词性: n.
翻译: 交通
派生词:
- traffic jam (交通堵塞)
固定搭配:
- heavy traffic (交通拥堵)
- traffic rules (交通规则)
例句:
The accident caused major traffic delays. (事故导致交通严重延误。)
terrible / ter bl/
词性: adj.
翻译: 可怕的
同义词:
- awful (adj. 糟糕的)
反义词:
- wonderful (adj. 极好的)
派生词:
- terribly (adv. 非常)
固定搭配:
- terrible storm (可怕的风暴)
例句:
We experienced terrible weather during the trip. (旅途中我们遇到了恶劣天气。)
slight /sla t/
词性: adj.
翻译: 轻微的
同义词:
- minor (adj. 轻微的)
反义词:
- serious (adj. 严重的)
派生词:
- slightly (adv. 轻微地)
固定搭配:
- slight injury (轻伤)
例句:
He suffered only slight burns in the fire. (他在火灾中仅受轻微烧伤。)
shake / e k/
词性: v. & n.
翻译:
- v. 摇动
- n. 震动
同义词:
- tremble (v. 颤抖)
派生词:
- shaky (adj. 摇晃的)
固定搭配:
- shake hands (握手)
- earthquake shake (地震震动)
例句:
① The explosion shook the entire building. (爆炸震动了整栋大楼。)
② She gave the bottle a good shake. (她用力摇晃瓶子。)
thunder / θ nd (r)/
词性: n.
翻译: 雷声
派生词:
- thunderstorm (n. 雷暴)
固定搭配:
- loud thunder (响雷)
例句:
The thunder rumbled in the distance. (远处雷声隆隆。)
bomb /b m/
词性: n.
翻译: 炸弹
派生词:
- bomber (n. 轰炸机)
固定搭配:
- nuclear bomb (核弹)
例句:
The police safely detonated the bomb. (警方安全引爆了炸弹。)
shout / a t/
词性: v. & n.
翻译: 呼喊
同义词:
- yell (v. 叫喊)
反义词:
- whisper (v. 低语)
固定搭配:
- shout for help (呼救)
- angry shout (愤怒的喊叫)
例句:
① "Watch out!" he shouted. ("小心！"他喊道。)
② We heard shouts coming from the street. (我们听到街上传来喊叫声。)
fear /f (r)/
词性: n.
翻译: 恐惧
同义词:
- terror (n. 恐怖)
反义词:
- courage (n. 勇气)
派生词:
- fearful (adj. 害怕的)
固定搭配:
- in fear (恐惧地)
- overcome fear (克服恐惧)
例句:
The child clung to his mother in fear during the storm. (暴风雨中，孩子害怕地紧抱母亲。)
in fear
翻译: 恐惧地
同义词:
- fearfully (adv. 害怕地)
例句:
The villagers waited in fear as the typhoon approached. (台风逼近时，村民们恐惧地等待着。)
direction /d rek n/
词性: n.
翻译: 方向
同义词:
- orientation (n. 方位)
派生词:
- directional (adj. 方向的)
固定搭配:
- in all directions (四处)
- sense of direction (方向感)
例句:
After the explosion, people ran in all directions. (爆炸后，人们四处奔逃。)
brick /br k/
词性: n.
翻译: 砖
派生词:
- bricklayer (n. 砌砖工人)
固定搭配:
- brick wall (砖墙)
- red brick (红砖)
例句:
The house was built with traditional bricks. (这房子是用传统砖块建造的。)
silent / sa l nt/
词性: adj.
翻译: 安静的
同义词:
- quiet (adj. 安静的)
反义词:
- noisy (adj. 吵闹的)
派生词:
- silence (n. 寂静)
固定搭配:
- silent night (寂静的夜晚)
- keep silent (保持沉默)
例句:
The library was completely silent. (图书馆里鸦雀无声。)
if / f/
词性: conj.
翻译: 是否；如果
同义词:
- whether (是否)
固定搭配:
- even if (即使)
- as if (好像)
例句:
① I wonder if it will rain tomorrow. (我想知道明天是否会下雨。)
② If you hurry, you'll catch the bus. (如果你快点，就能赶上公交车。)
nervous / n v s/
词性: adj.
翻译: 焦虑的；胆怯的
同义词:
- anxious (adj. 焦虑的)
反义词:
- calm (adj. 冷静的)
派生词:
- nervously (adv. 紧张地)
固定搭配:
- nervous system (神经系统)
- feel nervous (感到紧张)
例句:
She was nervous before her speech. (演讲前她很紧张。)
beat /bi t/
词性: v.
翻译:
- (使)规律作响
- 击打
同义词:
- strike (v. 敲击)
派生词:
- heartbeat (n. 心跳)
固定搭配:
- beat the drum (打鼓)
- beat fast (快速跳动)
例句:
① His heart was beating wildly. (他的心脏剧烈跳动。)
② She beat the dust out of the carpet. (她拍打地毯上的灰尘。)
say to oneself
翻译: 暗想；自言自语
同义词:
- think to oneself (暗自想)
例句:
"I can do this," he said to himself. ("我能行，"他暗自想道。)
calm /kɑ m/
词性: v. & adj.
翻译:
- v. (使)平静
- adj. 冷静的
同义词:
- soothe (v. 安抚)
反义词:
- agitate (v. 使激动)
固定搭配:
- calm down (冷静下来)
- calm sea (平静的海面)
例句:
① The mother calmed her crying baby. (母亲安抚哭闹的婴儿。)
② She remained calm during the crisis. (危机中她保持冷静。)
since /s ns/
词性: conj.
翻译: 因为；既然
同义词:
- because (因为)
固定搭配:
- ever since (从那以后)
例句:
Since you're here, let's begin the meeting. (既然你来了，我们开始会议吧。)
weak /wi k/
词性: adj.
翻译: 虚弱的
同义词:
- feeble (adj. 虚弱的)
反义词:
- strong (adj. 强壮的)
派生词:
- weakness (n. 虚弱)
固定搭配:
- weak voice (微弱的声音)
- feel weak (感到虚弱)
例句:
After the illness, his legs were still weak. (病后他的双腿仍然无力。)
voice /v s/
词性: n.
翻译: 嗓音
同义词:
- tone (n. 音调)
派生词:
- voiceless (adj. 无声的)
固定搭配:
- loud voice (大声)
- raise one's voice (提高嗓门)
例句:
Her voice trembled with emotion. (她的声音因激动而颤抖。)
except / k sept/
词性: prep.
翻译: 除...之外
同义词:
- excluding (prep. 不包括)
反义词:
- including (prep. 包括)
固定搭配:
- except for (除了)
例句:
Everyone was present except Tom. (除了汤姆，所有人都到了。)
smoke /sm k/
词性: n.
翻译: 烟
派生词:
- smoky (adj. 烟雾弥漫的)
固定搭配:
- thick smoke (浓烟)
- smoke detector (烟雾报警器)
例句:
Black smoke rose from the burning building. (黑烟从燃烧的大楼升起。)
burn /b n/
词性: v.
翻译:
- vi. 着火
- v. (使)烧毁
同义词:
- scorch (v. 烧焦)
派生词:
- burner (n. 燃烧器)
固定搭配:
- burn down (烧毁)
- burn marks (烧伤痕迹)
例句:
① The candle burned all night. (蜡烛燃了一整夜。)
② She burned her hand on the stove. (她的手被炉子烫伤了。)
put out
翻译: 扑灭
同义词:
- extinguish (v. 熄灭)
例句:
The firefighters put out the forest fire. (消防员扑灭了森林大火。)
heavily / hev li/
词性: adv.
翻译: 大量地
同义词:
- intensely (adv. 剧烈地)
反义词:
- lightly (adv. 轻微地)
固定搭配:
- rain heavily (下大雨)
- heavily damaged (严重损坏)
例句:
It snowed heavily last winter. (去年冬天下大雪。)
guess /ɡes/
词性: v.
翻译: 猜测
同义词:
- speculate (v. 推测)
派生词:
- guesswork (n. 猜测)
固定搭配:
- make a guess (猜测)
例句:
Can you guess how old I am (你能猜出我多大吗？)
hat /h t/
词性: n.
翻译: (带檐的)帽子
同义词:
- cap (n. 帽子)
固定搭配:
- sun hat (遮阳帽)
- take off one's hat (脱帽)
例句:
He tipped his hat politely. (他礼貌地轻触帽檐致意。)
clear /kl (r)/
词性: vt.
翻译: 清除
同义词:
- remove (v. 移除)
反义词:
- block (v. 堵塞)
固定搭配:
- clear the table (收拾桌子)
- clear one's throat (清嗓子)
例句:
Workers cleared the road after the landslide. (工人们清理了滑坡后的道路。)
policeman /p li sm n/ (复数 policemen)
词性: n.
翻译: (男)警察
同义词:
- officer (n. 警官)
例句:
The policeman directed traffic at the intersection. (警察在十字路口指挥交通。)
ache /e k/
词性: n. & v.
翻译: 疼痛
同义词:
- pain (n. 疼痛)
派生词:
- headache (n. 头痛)
固定搭配:
- stomach ache (胃痛)
- ache all over (浑身疼)
例句:
① My back aches after gardening. (园艺后我背疼。)
② She had a terrible toothache. (她牙疼得厉害。)
postman / p stm n/ (复数 postmen)
词性: n.
翻译: 邮递员
同义词:
- mail carrier (邮递员)
例句:
The postman delivers letters rain or shine. (邮递员风雨无阻地送信。)
airport / e p t/
词性: n.
翻译: 机场
派生词:
- airport terminal (航站楼)
固定搭配:
- international airport (国际机场)
例句:
We arrived at the airport two hours early. (我们提前两小时到达机场。)
passport / pɑ sp t/
词性: n.
翻译: 护照
固定搭配:
- passport control (护照检查)
例句:
Don't forget to bring your passport when traveling abroad. (出国旅行别忘了带护照。)
report /r p t/
词性: v. & n.
翻译:
- v. 报道；汇报
- n. 报告
同义词:
- document (v. 记录)
派生词:
- reporter (n. 记者)
固定搭配:
- news report (新闻报道)
- report an accident (报告事故)
例句:
① The journalist reported on the disaster. (记者报道了这场灾难。)
② She submitted her monthly report. (她提交了月度报告。)
bush fire / b fa (r)/
词性: n.
翻译: 山林大火
同义词:
- wildfire (n. 野火)
例句:
Bush fires destroyed thousands of acres of forest. (山林大火烧毁了数千英亩森林。)
so far
翻译: 迄今为止
同义词:
- up to now (到目前为止)
例句:
So far, no injuries have been reported. (截至目前，尚无伤亡报告。)
including / n klu d /
词性: prep.
翻译: 包括...在内
同义词:
- containing (包含)
反义词:
- excluding (不包括)
例句:
Ten people, including two children, were rescued. (包括两名儿童在内的十人获救。)
sign /sa n/
词性: n.
翻译: 标牌
同义词:
- notice (n. 告示)
派生词:
- signature (n. 签名)
固定搭配:
- road sign (路标)
- warning sign (警示牌)
例句:
The sign says "No Swimming". (牌子上写着"禁止游泳"。)
avoid / v d/
词性: vt.
翻译: 避免
同义词:
- evade (v. 逃避)
反义词:
- face (v. 面对)
派生词:
- avoidable (adj. 可避免的)
固定搭配:
- avoid danger (避开危险)
例句:
We took a detour to avoid the traffic jam. (我们绕道避开堵车。)
wound /wu nd/
词性: n.
翻译: 伤口
同义词:
- injury (n. 受伤)
派生词:
- wounded (adj. 受伤的)
固定搭配:
- gunshot wound (枪伤)
例句:
The nurse cleaned the soldier's wounds. (护士清理了士兵的伤口。)
bleed /bli d/
词性: vi.
翻译: 流血
派生词:
- bleeding (n. 出血)
固定搭配:
- bleed heavily (大量出血)
例句:
His nose started to bleed after the punch. (挨了一拳后，他的鼻子开始流血。)
press /pres/
词性: v.
翻译: 按，压
同义词:
- push (v. 推)
派生词:
- pressure (n. 压力)
固定搭配:
- press the button (按按钮)
例句:
Press this key to turn on the computer. (按此键开机。)
tidal wave / ta dl we v/
词性: n.
翻译: 海啸
同义词:
- tsunami (n. 海啸)
例句:
The coastal town was destroyed by a tidal wave. (海滨小镇被海啸摧毁。)
warn /w n/
词性: v.
翻译: 警告
同义词:
- alert (v. 警示)
派生词:
- warning (n. 警告)
固定搭配:
- warn against (警告不要)
例句:
The weather service warned of approaching storms. (气象部门警告风暴即将来临。)
disappear / d s p (r)/
词性: vi.
翻译: 消失
同义词:
- vanish (v. 消失)
反义词:
- appear (v. 出现)
派生词:
- disappearance (n. 消失)
固定搭配:
- disappear suddenly (突然消失)
例句:
The sun disappeared behind the clouds. (太阳消失在云层后。)

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