九年级全册初中英语过去完成时语法专项突破(含同步练习及答案)

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九年级全册初中英语过去完成时语法专项突破(含同步练习及答案)

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过去完成时专项突破
核心考点聚焦
考点一:定义
过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作,即“过去的过去( past-in-the-past )”。
----|-------------------------- |-------------------------------|---------------------------->
那时以前  那时  现在   
考点二:构成
过去完成时由“助动词had+过去分词”构成.
所有人称和数都用“had+过去分词”,其否定式had not 常缩写为hadn't.过去完成时的肯定式和疑问式及简单回答形式:(以动词work为例)I(You)
肯定式 I(You) He(She, It) had worked. We(You, They)
否定式 I(you) He(She, It) had not/hadn't worked. We(You, They)
疑问式 I(you) Had he(she, it) worked... we(you, they)
简单回答 I(you) I(you) Yes, he(she, it) had No, he(she, it) had not/hadn’d we(you, they) we(you, they)
考点三:判断依据
1. 由时间状语来判定
一般说来,各种时态都有特定的时间状语。与过去完成时连用的时间状语有:
(1)by + 过去的时间点。如:
I had finished reading the novel by nine o'clock last night.
(2)by the end of + 过去的时间点。如:
We had learned over two thousand English words by the end of last term.
(3) before + 过去的时间点。如:
They had planted six hundred trees before last Wednesday.
2. 由“过去的过去”来判定。
过去完成时表示“过去的过去”,是指过去某一动作之前已经发生或完成的动作,即动作有先后关系,动作在前的用过去完成时,在后的用一般过去时。这种用法常出现在:
(1)宾语从句中 当宾语从句的主句为一般过去时,且从句的动作先于主句的动作时,从句要用过去完成时。在 told, said, knew, heard, thought 等动词后的宾语从句。如: She said that she had seen the film before.
(2)状语从句中 在时间、条件、原因、方式等状语从句中,主、从句的动作发生有先后关系,动作在前的,要用过去完成时,动作在后的要用一般过去时。如: When I got to the station, the train had already left. After he had finished his homework, he went to bed. 注意: before, after 引导的时间状语从句中,由于 before 和 after 本身已表达了动作的先后关系,若主、从句表示的动作紧密相连,则主、从句都用一般过去时。如: Where did you study before you came here After he closed the door, he left the classroom.
(3)表示意向的动词 如 hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose 等,用过去完成时表示 " 原本 … ,未能 …" We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't.
3.根据上、下文来判定。
I met Wang Tao in the street yesterday. We hadn't seen each other since I went to Beijing.
考点四:用法及标志
1.过去完成时表示一个动作或状态在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成或结束,即发生在“过去的过去”。 Before he knew the news,I had known it.(主句的动作发生在“过去的过去”)
2.过去完成时是一个相对的时态,表示的是“过去的过去”,只有和过去某一时间或某一动作相比较时才使用它。 He told me that he had written a new book. (had written 发生在 told 之前 )
3. 过去完成时需要与一个表示过去的时间状语连用,它不能离开过去时间而独立存在。此时多与already,yet,still,just,before,never等时间副词及by,before,until等引导的短语或从句连用。 1.Before she came to China,Grace had taught English in a middle school for about five years. 2.Peter had collected more than 300 Chinese stamps by the time he was ten.
4.过去完成时表示某一动作或状态在过去某时之前已经开始,一直延续到这一过去时间,而且动作尚未结束,仍然有继续下去的可能。 By the end of last year,he had worked in the factory for twenty years.( had worked 已有了 20 年,还有继续进行下去的可能)
考点五:过去完成时与一般过去时的区别
虽然这两种时态都表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态,但在使用时应注意以下几点:
1.时间状语不同:
过去完成时在时间上强调“过去的过去”;而一般过去时只强调过去某一特定的时间。
比较:They had arrived at the station by ten yesterday.
They arrived at the station at ten yesterday.
2.在没有明确的过去时间状语作标志时,谓语动词动作发生的时间先后须依据上下文来判断:
先发生的用过去完成时,后发生的则用一般过去时。
She was very happy. Her whole family were pleased with her, too. She had just won the first in the composition competition.
3.当两个或两个以上接连发生的动作用 and 或 but 连接时,按时间顺序,只需用一般过去时来代替过去完成时;另外,在 before ,after,as soon as 引导的从句中,由于这些连词本身已经表示出时间的先后,因此也可以用过去时来代替过去完成时。
He entered the room, turned on the light and read an evening paper.
考点六:过去完成时与现在完成时的区别
现在完成时表示的动作发生在过去,但侧重对现在产生的结果或造成的影响,与现在有关,其结构为“助动词 have (has) + 过去分词”;过去完成时则是一个相对的时态,它所表示的动作不仅发生在过去,更强调“过去的过去”,只有和过去某时或某动作相比较时,才用到它。试比较:
I have learned 1000 English words so far.
到目前为止我已经学会了 1000 个英语单词。
I had learned 1000 English words till then.
到那时为止我已经学会了 1000 个英语单词。
— I'm sorry to keep you waiting.
— Oh, not at all. I have been here only a few minutes.(“等”的动作从过去某一时间点持续到现在)
He has gone to Hainan for many times.
当堂限时检测
1.(2024·四川泸州·一模)By the end of last year, we ________ more than 2,000 words.
A.learn B.learned C.have learned D.had learned
2.(2024·上海宝山·一模)By the time Jack was fourteen years old, he ________ a story book on his own.
A.would publish B.has published C.published D.had published
3.(23-24九年级下·安徽淮南·阶段练习)When Lisa went to the shop yesterday, she realized that she ________ her purse at home.
A.forgot B.had forgotten C.left D.had left
4.(2024·湖南湘西·二模)Before the astronauts flew up into space, they ________ for thousands of hours to make sure that no mistakes would happen.
A.had trained B.trained C.have trained D.was training
5.(2024·上海松江·二模)Luckily, the rain ________ by the time we reached the foot of the hill.
A.stops B.stopped C.has stopped D.had stopped
6.(2024·河北沧州·三模)We got there too late. The old man ________ his bike to others.
A.is selling B.has sold C.sells D.had sold
7.(2024·上海嘉定·二模)After the children ________ the window with the football, they ran away from the scene.
A.break down B.were breaking down
C.had broken down D.have broken down
8.(2024·上海长宁·二模)By 10 o’clock last night, we ________ over 200 e-mails on the program from the local citizens.
A.received B.have received C.had received D.will receive
9.(2024·上海宝山·二模)By the end of last year, Kevin ________ in Shanghai for ten years.
A.lived B.lives C.has lived D.had lived
10.(2023·上海虹口·二模)The famous writer ________ two novels by the end of last month.
A.writes B.is writing C.would write D.had written
11.(2024·上海静安·二模)By the time he was 12, Edison ________ a living by himself.
A.made B.was making C.have made D.had made
12.(2023·上海奉贤·二模)By the end of last term, the students of Grade Nine ______ three projects.
A.finished B.would finish C.have finished D.had finished
13.(2023·上海普陀·二模)Michael ________ his work before he went to bed.
A.will finish B.finishes C.had finished D.has finished
14.(2023·上海宝山·二模)By the end of last month, the medical team ________ in Africa for six months to look after the sick people there.
A.would stay B.has stayed C.will stay D.had stayed
15.(2023·上海静安·二模)Martin ________ German for nearly two years before he went to work in Germany.
A.will study B.was studying C.has studied D.had studied
16.(2023·上海青浦·二模)By the time I got the note from Tom, I ________ him for what he said to me.
A.forgive B.will forgive C.had forgiven D.have forgiven
17.(2023·湖北襄阳·一模)—Why didn’t you watch the movie Full River Red by Zhang Yimou with your friend last night
—Because I ________ it.
A.have seen B.saw C.will see D.had seen
18.(2023·上海杨浦·三模)Before I met Julie’s uncle at the restaurant yesterday afternoon, I ________ him.
A.have never seen B.had never seen C.will never see D.never see
19.(2023·湖北武汉·三模)Jason __________ Chinese in Wuhan for a year before the HSK test and passed it.
A.will learn B.learns C.had learned D.learned
20.(2023·河北沧州·二模)Jim was upset. When he got to the airport, his flight ________ off.
A.take B.took C.had taken D.has taken
课后提升专练
21.(2024九年级·全国·专题练习)The student told me that he ________ the exam ________.
A.has had; yesterday B.had; the day before yesterday
C.had had; the day before D.had had; yesterday
22.(2023·甘肃武威·模拟预测)By the time I rushed into the theater, the show ________ for half an hour.
A.had begun B.began C.was on D.had been on
23.(2023·黑龙江佳木斯·三模)By the time I got to the cinema, the movie ________ for ten minutes. It was hard to find my seat.
A.has been on B.had begun C.had been on
24.(23-24九年级上·上海浦东新·期中)By the end of last year, Jenny ________ New Concept English for three years.
A.learned B.has learned C.had learned D.will learn
25.(22-23九年级上·广西贺州·期末)What bad luck! When I got to school, I realized that I ________ my backpack at home.
A.left B.was left C.have left D.had left
26.(22-23九年级上·河北石家庄·期末)By the time I got to school, Mr. Wang ______ teaching.
A.started B.has started
C.was starting D.had started
27.(22-23九年级上·云南迪庆·期末)By the time of last year, she ________ the French for five years.
A.learnt B.has learnt C.had learnt D.was learnt
28.(22-23九年级上·安徽滁州·期末)—How long ________ the movie ________ when the students got there
—For about five minutes.
A.has; begun B.had; begun C.has; been on D.had; been on
29.(22-23九年级上·甘肃平凉·期末)When they got to the station, the bus ________ already ________.
A.has, left B.left, / C.had, left D.was, leaving
30.(22-23九年级下·上海闵行·期中)The little girl couldn’t help crying because she ________ a nucleic acid testing.
A.has never had B.had never had C.didn’t have D.never had
31.(21-22九年级下·江苏常州·期中)When she returned home from work, she found the rubbish still lying where she had ________ them.
A.lay B.laid C.lain D.lying
32.(2023·四川成都·二模)It’s bad luck today! By the time I got to the train station, the train ________ for ten minutes.
A.has been away B.will be away C.had been away
33.(22-23九年级上·云南昆明·期末)When I got home, I realized I ________ my keys in the classroom.
A.left B.leave C.leaving D.had left
34.(23-24九年级上·云南昆明·期末)It’s a pity that we missed the beginning of the movie. When we got to the movie theater, the movie ________ for 20 minutes
A.had started B.had been on C.has started D.was starting
35.(23-24九年级上·四川广元·期末)He told me that he ________ his homework at home.
A.has forgotten B.had forgotten C.has left D.had left
36.(23-24九年级上·河北沧州·期末)When I got home, I realized I ________ my keys in the classroom.
A.left B.leave C.have left D.had left
37.(2024·江苏南通·二模)They ________ in love with each other for five years before they got married at last.
A.fell B.have fallen C.were D.had been
38.(2024·西藏拉萨·一模)Catherine said that she ________ to Guangzhou.
A.has never gone B.had never gone
C.has never been D.had never been
39.(23-24九年级下·全国·课后作业)When I got to school, I realized that I ________ my math book at home.
A.left B.were leaving C.had left D.leave
40.(2024·河北·一模)The plane ________ when we got to the airport.
A.is taking off B.had taken off C.has taken off D.will take off
41.(23-24九年级上·河北邢台·期末)By the time I rushed into the cinema, the movie ________ for half an hour.
A.had begun B.began C.was on D.had been on
42.(23-24九年级上·山东滨州·期末)He ________ films in Asia for more than twenty years by the time he arrived in America.
A.had made B.has made C.made D.would make
43.(2024·江西九江·一模)—It’s 10 o’clock now. Why are you so late, Jenny
—Sorry, Mom. By the time I got to the bus stop, the last bus ________. So I had to walk home.
A.has left B.had left C.will leave D.would leave
44.(2024·甘肃武威·一模)When we got to the theatre, the play ________ for half an hour.
A.has started B.had started C.had been on D.has been on
45.(2024·甘肃武威·一模)Suddenly, I realized that I ________ my umbrella on the bus.
A.forgot B.had left C.had forgotten D.left
46.(23-24九年级下·上海闵行·阶段练习)The film “Interstellar” ________ for half an hour when she entered the cinema.
A.has begun B.had begun C.have been on D.had been on
47.(23-24九年级下·上海浦东新·阶段练习)Gary was told that the film ________ for a quarter.
A.began B.had begun C.had been on D.has been on
48.(2024·甘肃武威·二模)By the time I finished my homework, the TV program _________ over.
A.had been B.has been C.was D.will be
49.(23-24九年级下·上海浦东新·阶段练习)The manager entered the office and was happy to learn that four-fifths of the tickets _______.
A.was booked B.had been booked C.were booked D.have been booked
50.(2024·甘肃武威·一模)By the time I locked the door, I realized that I ________ my key at home.
A.had left B.has left C.would left D.leave
51.(2024·安徽芜湖·一模)Till this morning, I realized I ________ my key in the car.
A.forget B.had left C.had forgotten D.leave
52.(2024·上海奉贤·二模)By the end of last week, the student ________ reading two-thirds of the book.
A.finished B.was finishing C.has finished D.had finished
53.(2024·上海普陀·二模)After Frank __________ the dinner, he went for a walk in the garden with his family.
A.is eating B.eats C.will eat D.had eaten
54.(2024·上海虹口·二模)The books were in a mess because the librarian ________ them for weeks.
A.doesn’t organize B.didn’t organize C.hasn’t organized D.hadn’t organized
55.(2024·吉林长春·一模)By the time I got home, Mom ________ my favorite food out on the table.
A.laid B.is laying C.lays D.had laid
56.(2023·江苏无锡·三模)—Do you still remember what the Trip Code (行程码) was used for
—Of course. It was used to show where you ________ in the last 14 days.
A.were B.will be C.have been D.had been
57.(2023·江西上饶·模拟预测)— How long ________ the movie ________ when the students got there
— About ten minutes.
A.has; begun B.had; begun C.has; been on D.had; been on
58.(21-22九年级下·上海金山·期中)Miss White ________ 12 different countries by the end of last year.
A.has been to B.had been to C.has gone to D.went to
59.(2023·上海金山·二模)By the time we got to the station, the train ________ for ten minutes.
A.has left B.has been away C.had left D.had been away
60.(2023·上海浦东新·二模)By last month, the TV series Three-Body ________ a large audience.
A.attracts B.attracted C.had attracted D.has attracted
参考答案:
1.D
【详解】句意:到去年年底,我们已经学习了2000多个单词。
考查动词时态。根据“By the end of last year”可知,句子时态应用过去完成时。故选D。
2.D
【详解】句意:到杰克十四岁的时候,他已经独立出版了一本故事书。
考查动词时态。根据“By the time Jack was fourteen years old”可知,此处应用过去完成时,表示在过去时间之前某个事件已完成。故选D。
3.D
【详解】句意:当丽莎昨天去商店时,她意识到她把钱包忘在家里了。
考查动词辨析及时态。forget忘记;leave遗留,落下。根据句意可知,此处表示把钱包落在家;空处所在句的动作发生在主句动作realized之前,即过去的过去,应用过去完成时。故选D。
4.A
【详解】句意:在宇航员飞上太空之前,他们已经训练了数千小时,以确保不会发生失误。
考查动词时态。根据“Before the astronauts flew up into space”可知,设空处的动作发生在过去的某个时间点以前,且已经完成,因此设空处是过去完成时,其结构为“had done”。故选A。
5.D
【详解】句意:幸运的是,当我们到达山脚下时,雨已经停了。
考查动词时态。根据时间状语“by the time”可知,表示在过去某一时间点之前已经完成的动作,时态用过去完成时,其结构为“had+过去分词”。故选D。
6.D
【详解】句意:我们到那里的时候太晚了。那个老人已经把他的自行车卖给别人了。
考查时态。根据“We got there too late.”可知,我们“到达”那里的动作发生在过去,老人把车“卖”给别人的动作发生在过去的过去,是在过去某个时间点之前已经完成的动作,应该用过去完成时。故选D。
7.C
【详解】句意:孩子们用足球打破窗户后,便逃离了现场。
考查时态。break down“打碎”。根据ran可知,孩子们用足球打破窗户这一动作发生在ran away之前,ran away是一般过去时,所以break down应该发生在过去的过去,所以时态应该为过去完成时,故选C。
8.C
【详解】句意:到昨晚10点,我们已经收到了200多封来自当地居民的关于这个项目的电子邮件。
考查动词时态。根据“By 10 o’clock last night”可知,“by+时间”作状语,与完成时连用,此处是到过去某个时间为止,因此用过去完成时。故选C。
9.D
【详解】句意:到去年底,Kevin已经在上海住了十年了。
考查动词时态。根据“By the end of last year”和“for ten years.”可知是表示动作从过去持续到去年,应用过去完成时had done。故选D。
10.D
【详解】句意:到上个月底,这位著名作家已经写了两部小说。
考查动词时态。根据“by the end of last month”可知,此句用过去完成时had done的结构,故选D。
11.D
【详解】句意:爱迪生12岁时就已经靠自己谋生了。
考查时态。分析句子可知,“他自己谋生”发生在“他12岁”前,表示过去的过去,用过去完成时had done。故选D。
12.D
【详解】句意:到上学期末,九年级的学生已经完成了三个项目。
考查过去完成时。by the end of last term“到上学期末”,是过去完成时的标志词,故句子需要用过去完成时,即had+done。故选D。
13.C
【详解】句意:迈克尔在睡觉前完成了他的工作。
考查过去完成时。根据“Michael...his work before he went to bed.”可知,“完成工作”这一动作发生在“睡觉”前,用过去完成时表示“过去的过去”。故选C。
14.D
【详解】句意:到上个月底,医疗队已经在非洲待了六个月,照顾那里的病人。
考查动词时态。根据“By the end of last month”可知,时态是过去完成时,结构是had done。故选D。
15.D
【详解】句意:马丁在德国工作之前已经学习了近两年的德语。
考查谓语动词时态。根据“...German for nearly two years before he went to work in Germany.”可知,在他去德国工作之前学习德语,before引导的从句是一般过去时,主句的动作是发生在过去的过去,应用过去完成时,结构为“had+过去分词”。故选D。
16.C
【详解】句意:当我收到汤姆的便条时,我已经原谅了他对我说的话。
考查过去完成时。根据“By the time I got the note from Tom”可知,主句时态为过去完成时,表示过去的过去,意为“在我收到Tom的便条之前,我就原谅了Tom”,by the time意为“在……之前”,by the time+从句用一般过去时时态,主句用过去完成时。故选C。
17.D
【详解】句意:——昨天晚上你为什么没和你的朋友一起去看由张艺谋的电影《满江红》呢?——因为我已经看过这部电影了。
考查过去完成时。根据语境可知,我在昨天晚上之前就已经看过这部电影了,动作发生在过去的过去,因此用过去完成时,过去完成时的结构为:had+过去分词,see的过去分词是seen。故选D。
18.B
【详解】句意:昨天下午我在餐厅遇见朱莉的叔叔之前,我从未见过他。
考查过去完成时。根据“Before I met Julie’s uncle at the restaurant yesterday afternoon,”可知,“从未见过他”这个动作是发生在“昨天下午见到朱莉叔叔”之前,发生在过去的过去需用过去完成时,其结构是:had+过去分词。故选B。
19.C
【详解】句意:在HSK考试通过前,Jason已经在武汉学习了一年的汉语。
考查时态。根据“before the HSK test and passed it”可知,他学汉语发生在“过去的过去”,时态用过去完成时(had done)。故选C。
20.C
【详解】句意:吉姆很难过。当他到达机场时,他的航班已经起飞了。
考查动词时态。根据“When he got to the airport, his flight ... off.”可知,他的航班在他到达机场之前就已经起飞了,动作发生在过去的过去,空处用过去完成时,其结构为had done。故选C。
21.C
【详解】句意:那个学生告诉我,他前一天已经考试了。
考查动词时态。yesterday昨天;the day before yesterday前天;the day before前一天。结合“The student told me that”可知考试是在告诉以前发生的,故用过去完成时,结构为had done,与它连用的时间状语可以是the day before。yesterday一般与过去时连用。故选C。
22.D
【详解】句意:当我冲进剧院时,演出已经开始半个小时了。
考查过去完成时。根据“By the time I rushed into the theater”以及“for half an hour”可知,时态为过去完成时,其谓语动词构成为had done,此处表示延续性动作,应用“had been on”。故选D。
23.C
【详解】句意:我到电影院时,电影已经上映十分钟了。很难找到我的座位。
考查时态。根据“By the time I got to the cinema”可知,此处应用过去完成时“had+动词过去分词”,表示过去的过去;结合“for ten minutes”可知,动词应用延续性动词,begin“开始”,是短暂性动词,不能与一段时间连用,应该转换为be on(延续性动词)。故选C。
24.C
【详解】句意:到去年年底,Jenny已经学习《新概念英语》有三年之久了。
考查过去完成时。根据“By the end of last year”可知,句子应用过去完成时,其谓语结构为:had+过去分词。故选C。
25.D
【详解】句意:真倒霉!当我到达学校时,我意识到我把背包忘在家里了。
考查时态。分析句子可知,“把包忘家”发生在“意识到”之前,表示“过去的过去”用过去完成时had done。故选D。
26.D
【详解】句意:我到学校的时候,王老师已经开始教学了。
考查动词时态。根据从句“By the time I got to school”是一般过去时可知,主句的动作“开始教学”发生在从句动作之前,即过去的过去,所以用过去完成时,其构成是had+过去分词。故选D。
27.C
【详解】句意:到去年为止,她已经学了五年法语了。
考查过去完成时。根据“By the time of last year”可知句子应用过去完成时,其谓语结构为:had+过去分词。故选C。
28.D
【详解】句意:——当学生们进去的时候,电影播放了多久?——大约5分钟。
考查过去完成时。has/had助动词;begun开始,非延续动词;been on开始,表状态。根据“when the students got there”可知,when后面引导的从句是一般过去时,电影是在学生进去之前开始播放的,所以是过去的过去,助动词用had;“how long”后接延续性动词,需用been on。故选D。
29.C
【详解】句意:当他们到达车站时,公共汽车已经开走了。
考查动词时态。has left离开,现在完成时;left过去式;had left过去完成时;was leaving过去进行时。根据“already”可知是完成时,表示“已经开走了”;且从句“When they got to the station”使用的是过去时,而主句的动作“离开”发生在他们“到达”之前,应是“过去的过去”,即使用过去完成时,故选C。
30.B
【详解】句意:这个小女孩忍不住哭了因为她从来没有做过核酸检测。
考查动词时态。has never had从来没有,用于现在完成时;had never had从来没有,用于过去完成时;didn’t have没有,用于一般过去时;never had从来没有,用于一般过去时。“The little girl couldn’t help crying”发生在过去,而没有做过核酸发生在这之前,即过去的过去,用过去完成时。故选B。
31.B
【详解】句意:当她下班回家时,她发现垃圾仍然放在原来放的地方。
考查过去完成时和动词辨析。lay摆放(动词原形),躺(lie的过去式);laid摆放(lay的过去式和过去分词);lain躺(lie的过去分词);lying躺,说谎(lie的现在分词)。空处指“摆放”垃圾,且在助动词had后面,构成过去完成时,应使用过去分词形式laid。故选B。
32.C
【详解】句意:今天运气真坏!我到火车站的时候,火车已经离开10分钟了。
考查过去完成时。从句使用了一般过去时,到达火车站是过去的一个时间点,在到达火车站之前已经发生的事应该使用过去完成时。过去完成时结构为“had+过去分词”,故选C。
【点睛】易错分析:本题易错选A,要弄清时间节点是截止到过去还是现在,在过去的时间点之前已经发生的动作应该用过去完成时。
33.D
【详解】句意:当我到家时,我意识到我把钥匙落在教室了。
考查动词时态。根据“When I got home”和“I realized”可知,丢落钥匙发生在到家和意识到之前,即过去的过去,用过去完成时。故选D。
34.B
【详解】句意:很遗憾我们错过了电影的开头。当我们到达电影院时电影已经开始二十分钟了。
考查过去完成时。根据“When we got to the movie theater, the movie”可知电影开始发生在过去的过去,所以用过去完成时态。过去完成时结构为:主语+had+动词的过去分词;根据“for 20 minutes”可知谓语动词用延续性动词;start对应的延续性状态为be on,be的过去分词为been,故选B。
35.D
【详解】句意:他告诉我他把作业忘在家里了。
考查动词时态。根据“He told me that he”可知,句子是过去时态,后面的宾语从句也要用过去时的某种形式,这里表示在告诉之前,作业就已经忘记在家了,表示过去的过去,应用过去完成时:had done。故选D。
36.D
【详解】句意:当我到家时,我意识到我把钥匙忘在教室里了。
考查过去完成时。根据“When I got home”和“I realized”可知,钥匙忘在教室里的时间发生在到家和意识到之前,即过去的过去,用过去完成时,其结构是“had+过去分词”。故选D。
37.D
【详解】句意:他们彼此相爱了五年后,终于结了婚。
考查时态。fall in love为非延续性动词短语,不能与for five years连用,故排除A、B项;be in love为表示状态的动词短语,可以与for five years连用,且这个动作发生在“got married”之前,故用过去完成时had done。故选D。
38.D
【详解】句意:凯瑟琳说她从未去过广州。
考查宾语从句和动词时态。has gone to去了,人未回;has been to去过,人已回。主句谓语动词said是一般过去时,宾语从句也应该使用过去的某一种时态,排除A、C两个选项;根据“Catherine said”可知凯瑟琳已经回来了,排除B。故选D。
39.C
【详解】句意:当我到达学校时,我意识到我把数学书忘在家里了。
考查时态。根据“When I got to school, I realized...”可知,包忘在家里的时间发生在“过去的过去”,即到达学校之前,所以应用过去完成时“had+动词过去分词”,故选C。
40.B
【详解】句意:当我们到达机场时,飞机已经起飞了。
考查动词时态。根据“The plane ... when we got to the airport.”可知,此处是指飞机在我们到达机场时已经起飞了,强调“过去的过去”,时态应用过去完成时had done。故选B。
41.D
【详解】句意:当我冲进电影院时,电影已经开始半个小时了。
考查过去完成时。根据“By the time I rushed into the cinema”以及“for half an hour”可知,时态为过去完成时,其谓语动词构成为had done,此处表示延续性动作,begin为非延续性动词不符合,应用“had been on”。故选D。
42.A
【详解】句意:到美国时,他已经在亚洲拍了二十多年电影。
考查时态。根据语境可知,“拍电影”的动作发生在“到达美国”之前,表示过去的过去,用过去完成时had done。故选A。
43.B
【详解】句意:——现在10点了。Jenny你为什么迟到了?——对不起妈妈。当我到达公交车站时,公交车已经开走了。因此我必须走回家。
考查过去完成时。has left现在完成时态;had left过去完成时态;will leave将来时;would leave过去将来时。结合语境“我到达公交车站时”,got过去式,可知过去某一时间或动作以前已经发生,描述的动作表示过去的过去,因此用过去完成时态,结构是had+动词的过去分词。故选B。
44.C
【详解】句意:当我们到达剧院的时候,这出戏已经演了半个小时。
考查过去完成时。根据“When we got to the theatre”可知,这出戏开始在到达那里之前,应用过去完成时态,start“开始”,短暂性动词,应变为延续性动词be on。故选C。
45.B
【详解】句意:我意识到我在公共汽车上落下了我的雨伞。
考查动词时态及动词辨析。forgot忘记,为过去式;had left已经落下,为过去完成时;had forgotten已忘记,为过去完成时;left离开,为过去式。根据“I realized that I...my umbrella on the bus.”可知,我在公交车上落下了雨伞,故排除选项A和C。再根据“realized”可知,空处的动作是发生在realized之前,故空处需用过去完成时,其结构为:had done。故选B。
46.D
【详解】句意:她走进电影院时,电影《星际穿越》已经上映半小时了。
考查动词。begin开始,为非延续性动词;be on上映,演出,为延续性动词。根据“when she entered the cinema.”可知,该句是过去完成时,且设空处后是一段时间,要用延续性动词。故选D。
47.C
【详解】句意:加里被告知电影已经放映了一刻钟。
考查动词时态和延续性动词。begin开始,非延续性动词;be on上映,演出,延续性动词。根据“for a quarter.”可知,后为一段时间,结合“Gary was told that the film”可知,该句是过去完成时,且只能用延续性动词。故选C。
48.A
【详解】句意:当我做完作业时,电视节目已经结束了。
考查时态。根据“By the time I finished my homework”可知,完成作业发生在过去,电视节目结束发生在完成作业之前,用过去完成时。故选A。
49.B
【详解】句意:经理走进办公室,高兴地得知五分之四的票已经被预定了。
考查过去完成时的被动语态。book预定,was/were booked一般过去时的被动语态;had been booked过去完成时的被动语态;have been booked现在完成时的被动语态。根据语境可知,空格处的动作发生在“The manager entered the office and was happy to learn”之前,是过去的过去,要用过去完成时。宾语从句的主语four-fifths of the tickets与谓语动词book二者是被动关系,票是被订购,要用过去完成时的被动语态。故选B。
50.A
【详解】句意:当我锁门的时候,我意识到我把钥匙忘在家里了。
考查过去完成时。根据“By the time I locked the door, I realized that...”可知,By the time引导时间状语从句,从句用一般过去时时,主句应用过去完成时,即“把钥匙忘在家里了” 发生在 “当我锁门的时候”之前。故选A。
51.B
【详解】句意:直到今天早上,我才意识到我把钥匙忘在车里了。
考查动词时态。根据“Till this morning”可知,时态用过去完成时“had done”,排除选项A、D;leave sth.+地点,表示“把某物落在某地”,固定搭配,故选B。
52.D
【详解】句意:直到上周末为止,这个学生已经读完了这本书的三分之二。
考查过去完成时。根据“By the end of last week”可知,此处指的是直到上周末为止,动作发生在过去的过去,故时态为过去完成时,其结构为:had+过去分词。故选D。
53.D
【详解】句意:弗兰克吃完晚饭后,和家人一起去花园里散步。
考查动词时态。is eating现在进行时;eats吃,一般现在时;will eat一般将来时;had eaten过去完成时。此处是after引导的时间状语从句,根据“he went for a walk in the garden with his family”可知主句用的一般过去时,结合选项,从句用过去完成时符合,故选D。
54.D
【详解】句意:这些书乱成一团,因为图书管理员好几个星期没有整理它们了。
考查动词时态。根据“The books were in a mess”可知,此处指在乱成一团前已经好几个星期没有整理了,强调过去的过去,所以用过去完成时(had done),故选D。
55.D
【详解】句意:我到家的时候,妈妈已经把我最喜欢吃的东西摆在桌子上了。
考查过去完成时。根据“By the time I got home”可知,此处是指在过去的时间点之前发生的事情,应用过去完成时had done。故选D。
56.D
【详解】句意:——你还记得行程码的用途吗?——当然。它是用来显示你在过去14天里去过哪里的。
考查时态。根据“It was used to show where you...in the last 14 days.”可知,此处强调“过去的过去”,用过去完成时结构“had+动词过去分词”,故选D。
57.D
【详解】句意:——当学生们进去的时候,电影播放了多久?——大约10分钟。
考查过去完成时。has/had助动词;begun开始,非延续动词;been on开始,表状态。根据“when the students got there”可知,when后面引导的从句是一般过去时,电影是在学生进去之前开始播放的,所以是过去的过去,助动词用had;因电影的播放是延续性动作,需用been on。故选D。
58.B
【详解】句意:到去年年底,怀特小姐已经去过12个不同的国家。
考查动词时态。根据“by the end of last year”可知,此处表示过去的过去,用过去完成时had done的结构,故选B。
59.D
【详解】句意:当我们到达车站时,火车已经开了十分钟了。
考查过去完成时。根据“By the time we got to the station”可知到达车站时已是过去的事情,而火车已经开了十分钟了是发生在到达车站之前的,应用过去完成时,排除选项A和B;由“for ten minutes”可知此处的动词应用延续性动词,left为非延续性动词,故排除C选项。故选D。
60.C
【详解】句意:到上个月为止,电视剧《三体》已经吸引了大量的观众。
考查过去完成时。由“By last month”可知本句时态为过去完成时,句型结构为:主语had done。故选D。

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