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Unit 4 B Reading and critical thinking 教学设计
I. Teaching Objectives
Enable students to understand the text about the Qinghai - Xizang Railway, extracting key details like construction challenges, solutions, and its significance.
Improve reading skills: identifying text sources, analyzing challenges/solutions, and using context to understand new words.
Foster critical thinking by evaluating travel challenges on the railway and creating travel tips, integrating vocabulary and comprehension.
II. Language Knowledge
1. Key words & phrases
Railway - related: permafrost, oxygen level, special passages, epic challenges
Reading skills: comprehension, critical thinking, word work
Vocabulary: connect, protect, over, through, underground
2. Key sentences
“The biggest challenge was permafrost—a type of frozen ground that remains at or below 0℃ for at least two years.”
“Chinese engineers made history. Today, the Qinghai - Xizang Railway travels 1,956 km across green rivers, along snowy mountains, by blue lakes, and through amazing deserts.”
3. Key and challenging points
Text Comprehension: Understanding complex challenges (permafrost, oxygen, wildlife protection) and engineering solutions.
Critical Analysis: Evaluating travel challenges and creating practical tips for a railway journey.
Vocabulary in Context: Using words like connect, over, through correctly in new passages (e.g., Gotthard Base Tunnel).
III. Teaching Procedures
Step 1: Pre - reading (5 minutes)
Show a picture of the Qinghai - Xizang Railway and ask: “What do you know about this railway Why is it called ‘epic’ ”
Introduce the text: “Today, we’ll read about how engineers built this amazing railway and solve its challenges!”
Step 2: Reading Comprehension (12 minutes)
B1: Identify Text Source
Students tick where the text might appear (magazines). Discuss: Why magazines (Informative, real - world topics).
B2: Challenges & Solutions
Read the text and complete the chart:
Permafrost: Built walls to block the sun.
Protect wildlife: Built 25 special passages for animals.
Low oxygen: Designed trains with more oxygen.
Highlight how each solution matches a challenge.
Step 3: Critical Thinking & Vocabulary (15 minutes)
B3: Answer Questions
Students answer questions, underlining key text words (e.g., “permafrost—a type of frozen ground...” for Q1).
Discuss: How does the text define new words (Using dashes, examples).
Word Work (B4/B5)
B4: Choose correct answers to practice vocabulary (connect, build bridges, over, through, put on).
B5: Complete the Gotthard Base Tunnel passage with B4 words, focusing on prepositions (through, over) and verbs (connect, protect).
Step 4: Critical Thinking Extension (13 minutes)
Recall Challenges
List engineering challenges (permafrost, wildlife, oxygen) from the text.
Evaluate Travel Challenges
Discuss traveller challenges (low oxygen, bad weather). Brainstorm solutions (e.g., “Drink water, take slow walks”).
Create Travel Tips
Students write 3 tips for a Qinghai - Xizang trip (e.g., “Bring warm clothes for cold weather”), explaining reasons (e.g., “High mountains are snowy—stay warm!”).
Step 5: Summary & Extension (5 minutes)
Recap: Key challenges, solutions, and vocabulary.
Extension: Research one “epic engineering” project (e.g., Three Gorges Dam) and list 2 challenges/solutions.
IV. Assessment of Teaching Effectiveness
Formative Assessment:
Check B2/B3 for comprehension of challenges/solutions.
Observe B4/B5 for vocabulary mastery in context.
Summative Assessment:
Evaluate critical thinking tasks for depth (practical travel tips, clear reasons).
V. Design Purpose
Text Analysis: Breaks down complex engineering concepts into digestible challenges/solutions.
Vocabulary Integration: Reinforces words through multiple tasks (B4/B5), linking to new contexts.
Real - World Application: Connects reading to travel scenarios, encouraging practical critical thinking.
VI. Blackboard Design
Unit 4 Reading — Qinghai - Xizang Railway
Challenges & Solutions:
Permafrost → Walls to block sun.
Wildlife → Special animal passages.
Oxygen → Trains with more oxygen.
Key Vocabulary: permafrost, connect, over, through
VII. Teaching Reflection
If students struggle with permafrost definition, use a simple diagram.
For travel tips, model one example (e.g., “Take medicine for altitude sickness—reason: low oxygen”). Celebrate creative tips to boost engagement.

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