资源简介

湖北省鄂东南省级示范高中2025-2026学年高二上学期开学
英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、阅读理解
Best Walking Tours in London
London is one of the most walkable capital cities in the world. People may think you’ re mad if you do lace up your sneakers — here are London’s best walking tours for your next visit. drive a car around town. Besides, nothing quite lets you get to know a city like a good walk around. So, lace up your sneakers — here are London’s best walking tours for your next visit.
Tour for Muggles
This is a can’t-miss trip in England. The tour starts near London Bridge subway station and moves on to locations used in the Harry Potter films (and several book locations). There’s one subway ride (LondonBridge to Westminster) but otherwise it’s all on foot. Groups are capped to 20 and accept tourists of all ages.
Jermyn Street Fashion Walk
A seriously professional private tour to match your preferences. Groups are recommended no larger than eight, and it’s all done on foot. Most of the guides, who lead the Jermyn Street walk, have a background of art, history or fashion, and one even trained as a tailor.
Historic Pubs, Food & Beer Tour
Think of this as a walk with friends rather than a tour (groups are capped at 12). You meet at a best selfie spot — at Rotherhithe, overlooking the Thames — then catch the overground train to the pubs. By reservation only. Five of London’s most historic pubs in four hours is not an easy but worthwhile task.
East End Walks
East End Walks is a collection of 15 tours run by one man, David Rosenberg. The tours cover the social history of the traditionally working class area. Groups are capped at 30. You meet near the subway station. Rosenberg, whose grandparents moved to the East End as children, loves the area and its social history a lot — it holds the story of the working class, which is rarely told.
1．Which tour best suits people who are interested in the history of the working class
A．Tour for Muggles B．Jermyn Street Fashion Walk
C．East End Walks D．Historic Pubs, Food & Beer Tour
2．What do the four walking tours have in common
A．They limit the number of a group. B．They have professional guides.
C．They are private tours to your preference. D．They recommend reservation in advance.
3．Where is the text probably taken from
A．A news report. B．A travel brochure.
C．A geographic magazine. D．A history textbook.
Where does the meat on our table come from It usually comes from livestock like chickens and cows. But did you know that meat can also be made in a lab US company JUST has announced that lab-grown meat could be on some restaurant menus in the United States and Asia by the end of 2018, The Independent reported.
“These meats include chicken nuggets (鸡块), sausage and foie gras (鹅肝酱),” Josh Tetrick, CEO of JUST, told The Independent. Lab meat is sometimes referred to as “clean meat”. It is made using the stem cells (干细胞) of living livestock. The cells need to be grown in a lab for a few weeks. For example, making a hamburger patty (肉饼) takes about nine weeks, CNN reported. This is faster than raising a cow, which usually takes over 20 weeks.
The first clean meat was a beef burger that was produced in 2013, but it was said to taste quite dry. How does clean meat taste now Clean meat supporters told CNN that they think it tastes just like traditional meat.
Clean meat has other advantages. It is healthier than traditional meat. Meat producers can control what type of fat goes into the meat. They can produce clean meat that contains healthy fats, such as omega-3 fatty acids (脂肪酸). This kind of fat is good for people’s hearts.
Clean meat can also help to solve global warming. According to The Washington Post, about 14.5 percent of the planet’s greenhouse gas emissions (排放) come from raising livestock. That’s more than the emissions from every car, train, ship and airplane in the world combined. It is predicted that switching to clean meat could lower greenhouse gas emissions by 96 percent, The Independent reported.
4．Where may the meat we eat come from in future
A．Companies. B．Greenhouses. C．Labs. D．Restaurants.
5．What can be used to make “clean meat”
A．Stem cells. B．Fatty acids.
C．Hamburger patties. D．Chicken nuggets.
6．What is the advantage of clean meat
A．It is fatty. B．It is healthy. C．It is free. D．It is smelly.
7．What do we know about clean meat from the last paragraph
A．It comes from livestock. B．It can be switched off.
C．It results in global warming. D．It benefits environment.
Having lived in California until 1970, my family has felt a number of earthquakes. We have been fortunate, however, to have suffered no bodily harm or property damage.
There is a website that lists all Californian earthquakes recorded from 1769 to the present. The site lists the dates and time as well as the magnitude (震级) and the exact location of any earthquake that measured more than 6.0. There are only a few earthquakes that stand out in my memory and, luckily, none is shown in the website. So, my personal experience with earthquakes might be considered insignificant.
There are three earthquakes that are difficult to forget. The first one was in 1955 and our oldest daughter was walking with me in our backyard in Redwood City in California. As the shaking became stronger, I held her to me with one arm as I held on to one of our fruit trees with the other. All three of us (my daughter, I and the tree) shook for two or three minutes that to us felt like hours.
The second one was in 1963. Our entire family was visiting Disneyland in Southern California. The earth started to shake just as we were beginning to walk from our hotel towards the famous landmark.
My third experience with an earthquake was a lonely one in California. It was in my sixties and I was alone in an old church. As the building started to shake, I quickly headed for the door to go outside. I remember I said a few prayers—something like “Help me get out of here in time, dear Heavenly Father.” Minutes later, I was safe outside.
8．The author writes the passage mainly to tell us about ________.
A．a new film about an earthquake B．how to survive an earthquake
C．his three earthquake experiences D．how to save children in an earthquake
9．The earthquakes the author experienced ________.
A．all caused bodily harm B．are all recorded in a website
C．all measured more than 6.0 D．all happened in California
10．When the first earthquake happened, the author ________.
A．was staying with his daughter B．was planting fruit trees
C．was holding on to a tree for hours D．was in a hotel
11．What does the underlined part “the famous landmark” refer to
A．A church. B．Disneyland.
C．A building destroyed by an earthquake. D．The place where the author was born.
What makes preschoolers eat their vegetables Raise their hand Wait their turn “Because I say so” is a comment that parents often repeat. But when it comes to getting kids to behave, a recent study by Duke University researchers suggests that the voice of adult authority isn’t the only thing that matters. Around age three, fitting in with the group starts to count big too.
To understand what cause preschoolers to fall in line, the researchers conducted a test in a lab, where they invited 3.5-year-olds to help set up for a pretend tea party. Each of the 104 children was given a blue sticker（贴纸）to wear at the start of the study, and told that the people with that color sticker were part of the same team. Next the researchers watched as the children decided among different kinds of teas, snacks, cups and plates for the tea party, first on their own and then after listening to the choices of other team members.
Sometimes the other team members considered their choice as a matter of personal preference (“For my tea party today, I feel like using this snack.”) Other times they presented it as a need shared by the whole group. (“For our tea parties today, we always use this kind of snack.”)
After listening to the choices of others, most of the time the children stuck with their first choice. In other words, children who had said they felt like using, say, the cookie finally picked the cookie no matter what the other person said they were using. But 23% of the time the children changed their choice to accept someone else’s. And when they did, they were more likely to go along with the other person when a choice was presented as a group need rather than just a personal preference. The finding held up even when the other person was another child, not an adult.
12．What’s the recent study mainly about
A．Parent training. B．Social rules.
C．Child behavior. D．Eating habits.
13．What does the underlined word “fall in line” refer to in paragraph 2
A．Stand in a line. B．Join the group.
C．Listen to the parents. D．Attend a party.
14．What made children accept others’ choice
A．The common need. B．The advice of adults.
C．The delicious cookie. D．The individual preference.
15．Which of the following is suitable title for the text
A．Adults Are Losing Their Authority
B．3-Year-Olds Want to Fit into the Group.
C．Children Are Not Born Knowing What to Do
D．Kids Are Acting Out of a Sense of Copying Adults.
I have collected some examples that should be an inspiration to anyone who desires to be successful. They show that if you want to succeed you should expect failure along the way. I actually believe that failure can encourage you on and make you try even harder. 16 The Truly successful things won’t be beaten, they take responsibility for failure, learn from it and start all over from a stronger position.
Walt Disney — one of the greatest business leaders who created the global Disney empire of film studios, theme parks and consumer products didn’t start off successful. 17 Believe it or not, Walt was fired from an early job at the Kansas City Star Newspaper because he was not creative enough! In 1922 he started his first company called Laugh-O-Gram. The Kansas based on business would produce cartoons and short advertising films. 18 Walt didn’t give up, he packed up, went to Hollywood and started The Walt Disney Company.
Bill Gates-co-founder and chairman of Microsoft set up a business called Traf-O-Data. The partnership between him, Paul Allen and Paul Gilbert was based on a good idea but a flawed business model that left the company with few customers. 19 However, Bill Gates and Paul Allen took what they learned and avoided those mistakes when they created the Microsoft empire.
20 I hope that these are inspiration and motivation for everyone who aspires to be successful in whatever way they choose. Do you agree or disagree with me
A．So, the one thing successful people never do is: Give up!
B．In 1923, the business went bankrupt.
C．He was greatly depressed.
D．Every experience of failure increases the hunger for success.
E．The company ran up losses between 1974 and 1980 before it was closed.
F．Many factors may affect your success.
G．Before the great success came a number of failures.
二、完形填空
Jane was a girl who wanted to do something in the world. One day, she sat down in front of an empty canvas (画布) and began to 21 . Every stroke (笔画) was more perfect than the last, slowly moving towards a(n) 22 work.
Obviously Jane had a 23 for painting. But a few moments after she finished painting, she got 24 and quickly stood up. Jane thought there was so much more in the world to see and do. If she finally decided to do something else in life, then all the time she spent painting would be a 25 . So she walked out of the door.
While walking, she was 26 in an important decision she found too hard to make because she had so many 27 . Should she practice medicine, design buildings, or teach children She was absolutely confused.
Forty years later, Jane began to cry. After trying the endless 28 , she hadn’t done anything 29 at all. Her youth would never 30 . Eventually, Jane learned life is about making a correct decision timely and 31 unhesitatingly. So the girl, who was no longer a girl, bought some canvases and paints from a local store and 32 painting through the day and into the night.
Many of us are still 33 trying to “find our passion” — something we believe will finally lead us closer to happiness and success. However, the 34 is, our passion comes from doing things right — live more 35 from today and experience small positive changes.
21．A．paint B．think C．write D．print
22．A．different B．excellent C．unique D．romantic
23．A．desire B．reason C．gift D．responsibility
24．A．tired B．proud C．surprised D．anxious
25．A．joy B．chance C．waste D．success
26．A．caught B．buried C．interested D．experienced
27．A．options B．difficulties C．regrets D．troubles
28．A．experiments B．risks C．challenges D．possibilities
29．A．fortunate B．ordinary C．meaningful D．necessary
30．A．change B．return C．reply D．hide
31．A．carrying on B．catching on C．making up D．turning up
32．A．remembered B．began C．finished D．imagined
33．A．impatiently B．unexpectedly C．occasionally D．continuously
34．A．purpose B．promise C．truth D．hope
35．A．willingly B．passionately C．peacefully D．freely
三、语法填空
语法填空
Fireworks began in ancient China before spreading West. The thinking goes 36 someone living in China around the first century B．C． 37 (throw) a piece of bamboo on a fire and it exploded with a bang. Bamboo stalks (节) contain air pockets that can expand and blow up in extreme heat. Chinese travelers would carry bamboo on journeys in case they needed to create 38 loud noise to scare away wild animals.
The next major development came around the ninth century, when gunpowder was invented. Chinese producers loaded up bamboo stalks with gunpowder 39 (create) perhaps the world’s first manufactured fireworks, and later began using paper tubes as well. These were employed to ward off evil spirits and celebrate births and weddings. By the 12th century, fireworks were being lit 40 entertainment purposes in China’s imperial court. Around the 14th century, primitive fireworks then made their way to Europe, 41 Italian artists constructed displays like theatrical sets called “machines” and set off fireworks inside them.
Fireworks became far 42 (complex) thanks to advances in chemistry. The 19th century saw potassium chlorate (a chemical) 43 (use) to bring out brilliant colors in fireworks, such as red and green, and enhance their 44 (bright).
Over the years, innovations in technology led to some curious suggestions for 45 fireworks could help solve modern problems. Whalers experimented with rocket- powered harpoons (鱼叉) in the late 1800s, and inventor Gerhard Zucker attempted to use pyrotechnic rockets to deliver mail in the 1930s.
Now pyrotechnic amusements have become a global phenomenon and almost the accepted way big events are celebrated.
四、书信写作
46．假定你是李华，你们学校正在举办主题为“用外语讲好中国故事”的征文活动。请你以一位做出杰出贡献的当代中国科学家为题，写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：
1.人物简介及事迹;
2.意义或启示。
注意：1.词数80词左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
An Outstanding Chinese Scientist I Admire
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
五、书面表达
47．阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
When starting my sixth-grade year, I was nervous about many things. But nothing compared to the problem that I got to the age where my voice started changing. At first, the voice getting deep excited me. But then I learned before getting deeper, it can crack (变嘶哑).
The first time it happened I was so embarrassed. Surprisingly, my friends didn’t make fun of me. In fact, they didn’t even mention it. But in my self-conscious sixth-grade mind I was certain they made fun of me behind my back. They weren’t having the same problem.
After my first voice crack experience, I was determined to make sure it wouldn’t happen again. At least not in public. So, except for strategic times I said, “cool” and “yeah”, I didn’t talk. My logic was, “If I don’t use my voice, it cannot crack.” However, I couldn’t go without talking forever. I needed a new solution.
I began clearing my throat before speaking, which actually seemed to help. Limiting how much I spoke and clearing my voice made me much less stressful. This was great but there was a larger problem. I was much more scared about having a voice crack during class. My class had many new kids I’d never spoken with. I didn’t want their first impressions of me to be based on a voice crack.
Unfortunately, one day my concern came true. It was about two months after the beginning of the term. On the day it happened everything was the same as always until I got into the classroom. I noticed that we had a substitute teacher (代课老师) and immediately started thinking about how he would take attendance. My permanent teacher never had to, since he already knew each student, I panicked. So many thoughts rushed through my mind that I couldn’t think straight. I calmed myself down by telling myself that I only had to say one word “Here”. “Easy enough, right ” I thought so until my name was called. I did my routine — cleared my throat, took a breath, and said, “Here.” The only problem was that while saying this, I had the worst voice crack in the history of voice cracks.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为 150 左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The whole class turned to look at me.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
“You know, the voice problem you met in class is normal,” a classmate came to me and said.
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《湖北省鄂东南省级示范高中2025-2026学年高二上学期开学英语试题》参考答案
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
答案 C A B C A B D C D A
题号 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
答案 B C B A B D G B E A
题号 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
答案 A B C D C A A D C B
题号 31 32 33 34 35
答案 A B D C B
1．C 2．A 3．B
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。伦敦是世界上最适合步行的首都城市之一。文章介绍了四大伦敦最好的徒步旅行。
1．细节理解题。根据East End Walks部分的“The tours cover the social history of the traditionally working class area.(这些旅游涵盖了传统工人阶级地区的社会历史)”可知，对工人阶级历史感兴趣的人们最适合去East End Walks。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据第二段的“Groups are capped to 20 and accept tourists of all ages.(团体人数上限为20人，并接受所有年龄段的游客)”，第三段的“Groups are recommended no larger than eight, and it’s all done on foot.(团体旅游建议不超过8人，全程步行)”，第四段的“Think of this as a walk with friends rather than a tour (groups are capped at 12).(你可以把这当成是和朋友一起散步，而不是旅游(团体人数上限为12人))”及第五段“Groups are capped at 30.(团体人数上限为30人)”可知，四大徒步之旅都限制团队人数。故选A。
3．推理判断题。根据第一段的“So, lace up your sneakers — here are London’s best walking tours for your next visit.( 所以，系好你的运动鞋吧——下面是你下次来伦敦时最好的徒步旅行)”可知，文章介绍了四大伦敦最后的徒步旅行。由此推知，本文可能选自一本旅游小册子。故选B。
4．C 5．A 6．B 7．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲主要介绍了未来我们可以在实验室制造出清洁肉类，这种肉类比传统肉类更健康，对环境有益。
4．细节理解题。根据第一段中“US company JUST has announced that lab-grown meat could be on some restaurant menus in the United States and Asia by the end of 2018, The Independent reported.(据《独立报》报道，美国JUST公司宣布，到2018年底，美国和亚洲的一些餐厅菜单上可能会出现实验室培育的肉类。)”可知，我们将来吃的肉可能来自实验室。故选C项。
5．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Lab meat is sometimes referred to as “clean meat”. It is made using the stem cells (干细胞) of living livestock.(实验室的肉有时被称为“清洁肉类”。它是用活牲畜的干细胞制成的。)”可知，清洁肉类是由干细胞制成的。故选A项。
6．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Clean meat has other advantages. It is healthier than traditional meat.(清洁肉类还有其他好处。它比传统肉类更健康。)”可知，清洁肉类的好处是清洁肉类比传统肉类更健康。故选B项。
7．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Clean meat can also help to solve global warming. According to The Washington Post, about 14.5 percent of the planet’s greenhouse gas emissions (排放) come from raising livestock. That’s more than the emissions from every car, train, ship and airplane in the world combined. It is predicted that switching to clean meat could lower greenhouse gas emissions by 96 percent, The Independent reported.(清洁肉类也有助于解决全球变暖问题。据《华盛顿邮报》报道，地球上大约14.5%的温室气体排放来自饲养牲畜。这比世界上所有汽车、火车、轮船和飞机的排放量加起来还要多。据《独立报》报道，据预测，改用清洁肉类可以减少96%的温室气体排放。)”可知，清洁肉类有助于解决全球变暖问题，对环境有好处。故选D项。
8．C 9．D 10．A 11．B
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己在加州所经历的三次地震的情况。
8．主旨大意题。根据第三段“There are three earthquakes that are difficult to forget. The first one was in 1955 and our oldest daughter was walking with me in our backyard in Redwood City in California.”（有三次地震让人难以忘怀。第一次是在1955年，我们的大女儿和我一起在加州雷德伍德市我们家的后院散步）;根据第四段“The second one was in 1963.”（第二次是在1963年）根据第五段“My third experience with an earthquake was a lonely one in California.”（我的第三次地震经历是独自一人在加利福尼亚的一次地震）可知，作者主要向读者介绍了自己所经历的三次地震的情况。故选C项。
9．细节理解题。根据第三段“There are three earthquakes that are difficult to forget. The first one was in 1955 and our oldest daughter was walking with me in our backyard in Redwood City in California.”（有三次地震让人难以忘怀。第一次是在1955年，我们的大女儿和我一起在加州雷德伍德市我们家的后院散步）根据第四段“The second one was in 1963. Our entire family was visiting Disneyland in Southern California.”（第二次是在1963年。我们全家去了南加州的迪士尼乐园）；根据第五段“My third experience with an earthquake was a lonely one in California.”（我的第三次地震经历是独自一人在加利福尼亚的一次地震）可知，三次地震都发生在加利福尼亚。故选D项。
10．细节理解题。根据第三段“There are three earthquakes that are difficult to forget. The first one was in 1955 and our oldest daughter was walking with me in our backyard in Redwood City in California.”（有三次地震让人难以忘怀。第一次是在1955年，我们的大女儿和我一起在加州雷德伍德市我们家的后院散步）由此可知，第一次地震发生时，作者和女儿待在一起。故选A项。
11．词句猜测题。根据第四段的“ Our entire family was visiting Disneyland...” （我们全家都去了迪士尼乐园）可知，就在我们正要从旅馆走向迪士尼乐园的时候，打的开始摇晃起因此来，“the famous landmark”是指Disneyland。故选B。
12．C 13．B 14．A 15．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。很多人认为孩子的行为规矩是因为成年人对他们所提出的要求，最近的一项研究表明，成年人权威的声音并不是唯一重要的事情。在三岁左右，融入群体也开始变得重要起来。
12．细节理解题。根据第一段“But when it comes to getting kids to behave, a recent study by Duke University researchers suggests that the voice of adult authority isn’t the only thing that matters. Around age three, fitting in with the group starts to count big too.(但说到让孩子规规矩矩，杜克大学(Duke University)研究人员最近的一项研究表明，成年人权威的声音并不是唯一重要的事情。在三岁左右，融入群体也开始变得重要起来。)”可知，这项研究主要是关于孩子们的行为，故选C。
13．词义猜测题。根据第一段“What makes preschoolers eat their vegetables Raise their hand Wait their turn “Because I say so” is a comment that parents often repeat. (是什么让学龄前儿童吃蔬菜？举手吗？等待轮到它们吗？“因为我这么说”是父母经常重复的一句话。)”可知，很多父母认为孩子的行为是因为父母提出的要求，孩子听从父母的要求，结合第一小题的解析可知，对孩子行为的研究表明，成年人的声音不是唯一重要的事情，融入集体也有很大影响。结合划线词所在句“To understand what cause preschoolers to fall in line, the researchers conducted a test in a lab, where they invited 3.5-year-olds to help set up for a pretend tea party. (为了了解是什么原因导致学龄前儿童fall in line，研究人员在实验室里进行了一项测试，他们邀请3.5岁的孩子帮助布置一个虚拟的茶话会。)”可知，研究是为了了解孩子融入集体的原因，由此可推知，短语fall in line表示“融入集体”，故选B。
14．细节理解题。根据最后一段“But 23% of the time the children changed their choice to accept someone else’s. And when they did, they were more likely to go along with the other person when a choice was presented as a group need rather than just a personal preference. The finding held up even when the other person was another child, not an adult.(但有23%的孩子改变了选择，接受了别人的选择。当他们这样做的时候，当一个选择作为群体需要而不是个人偏好出现时，他们更有可能同意另一个人的选择。即使对方是另一个孩子，而不是成年人，这一发现仍然成立。)”可知，孩子会根据集体需要而改变自己的选择。故选A。
15．主旨大意题。通读全文结合第一段“But when it comes to getting kids to behave, a recent study by Duke University researchers suggests that the voice of adult authority isn’t the only thing that matters. Around age three, fitting in with the group starts to count big too.(但说到让孩子规规矩矩，杜克大学(Duke University)研究人员最近的一项研究表明，成年人权威的声音并不是唯一重要的事情。在三岁左右，融入群体也开始变得重要起来。)”可知，本文主要是关于一项对孩子行为的研究，研究结果表明，三岁孩子会因为群体需求而改变自己的选择，融入群体对孩子的行为产生影响，所以B项“3-Year-Olds Want to Fit into the Group.(3岁的孩子想融入群体。)”符合文章中心主旨，适合作为本文标题，故选B。
16．D 17．G 18．B 19．E 20．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章通过举例说明了成功人士在成功之前经历过的失败，并强调了失败是成功的垫脚石。
16．根据前文“They show that if you want to succeed you should expect failure along the way. I actually believe that failure can encourage you on and make you try even harder.(它们表明，如果你想成功，你应该预料到一路上会有失败。我实际上认为，失败会鼓励您继续前进，并使您更加努力。)”和后文“The Truly successful things won’t be beaten, they take responsibility for failure, learn from it and start all over from a stronger position.(真正成功的人不会被打败，他们对失败负责，从中吸取教训，从一个更强大的位置重新开始。)”可知，每一次失败的经历都会增加对成功的渴望。选项D“每一次失败的经历都会增加对成功的渴望。”符合语境。故选D。
17．根据前文“Walt Disney — one of the greatest business leaders who created the global Disney empire of film studios, theme parks and consumer products didn’t start off successful. (华特·迪士尼——创造了全球迪斯尼帝国的最伟大的商业领袖之一，包括电影制片厂、主题公园和消费品，但他一开始并不成功。)”和后文“Believe it or not, Walt was fired from an early job at the Kansas City Star Newspaper because he was not creative enough!(信不信由你，沃尔特因为不够有创意而被堪萨斯城星报解雇了！)”可知，沃尔特在取得巨大成功之前并不成功，后文列举了失败的例子。选项G“在取得巨大成功之前经历了许多失败。”符合语境。故选G。
18．根据前文“In 1922 he started his first company called Laugh-O-Gram. The Kansas based on business would produce cartoons and short advertising films.(1922年，他创办了第一家公司，名为Laugh-O-Gram。这家位于堪萨斯的公司将制作卡通片和短广告片。)”和后文“Walt didn’t give up, he packed up, went to Hollywood and started The Walt Disney Company.(沃尔特没有放弃，他收拾行李，去了好莱坞，创办了华特迪士尼公司。)”可知，发生了变故，导致沃尔特收拾行李，去了好莱坞，创办了华特迪士尼公司。选项B“1923年，公司破产了。”，从时间上承接1922，相吻合，符合语境。故选B。
19．根据前文“Bill Gates-co-founder and chairman of Microsoft set up a business called Traf-O-Data. The partnership between him, Paul Allen and Paul Gilbert was based on a good idea but a flawed business model that left the company with few customers.(微软联合创始人兼董事长比尔·盖茨创办了一家名为Traf-O-Data的公司。他与保罗·艾伦和保罗·吉尔伯特的合作基于一个好主意，但由于商业模式存在缺陷，公司客户很少。)”和后文“However, Bill Gates and Paul Allen took what they learned and avoided those mistakes when they created the Microsoft empire.(然而，比尔·盖茨和保罗·艾伦吸取了教训，避免了那些错误，创建了微软帝国。)”可知，后文提到了“那些错误”，空格处应该继续描述这家公司不好的状态，继而引出后文的“创建了微软帝国”。选项E“公司在1974年至1980年间亏损后关闭。”符合语境。故选E。
20．空格处是最后一段的首句，应该起到总结全文的作用。后文“I hope that these are inspiration and motivation for everyone who aspires to be successful in whatever way they choose.(我希望这些能激励和激励每一个渴望成功的人。)”可知，最后一段总结全文列举的成功人士从不放弃的这些例子，对读者进行呼吁。选项A“所以，成功人士从不做的一件事就是：放弃！”符合语境。故选A。
21．A 22．B 23．C 24．D 25．C 26．A 27．A 28．D 29．C 30．B 31．A 32．B 33．D 34．C 35．B
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了Jane在年轻时对未来充满迷茫，尝试了很多事情却没有取得成就，最终明白了及时做出正确决定的重要性，并重新开始了她的绘画之路。
21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天，她坐在一块空画布前开始作画。A. paint绘画；刷漆；B. think思考，认为；C. write写；D. print印刷。根据空前的“an empty canvas”及下文“Every stroke (笔画) was more perfect”及第三空后的“painting”可知，她是开始画画。故选A项。
22．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每一笔都比上一笔更完美，慢慢地向优秀的作品迈进。A. different不同的；B. excellent优秀的；C. unique独特的；D. romantic浪漫的。根据上文“Every stroke(笔画) was more perfect than the last”可知，每一笔都比上一笔好，应该是越画越好，画出的作品是优秀的。故选B项。
23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：显然简有绘画的天赋。A. desire渴望；欲望；B. reason理由；C. gift礼物；天赋；D. responsibility责任。根据上文“Every stroke (笔画) was more perfect than the last”可知，她刚开始画画，就越画越好，此处应该表达她是有绘画天赋的。固定短语have a gift for意为“在……方面有天赋”。故选C项。
24．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但画完没多久，她就不安起来，赶紧站了起来。A. tired疲惫的，累的；B. proud骄傲的；C. surprised惊讶的；D. anxious焦虑的，不安的。根据下文“Jane thought there was so much more in the world to see and do. If she finally decided to do something else in life, then all the time she spent painting would be a 5 .”可知，她想做很多事情，把时间都花在画画上很浪费时间，由此推测她应该是焦虑了。故选D项。
25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果她最终决定在生活中做点别的事情，那么她花在画画上的时间就是一种浪费了。A. joy愉悦，快乐；B. chance机会；C. waste浪费；D. success成功。根据上文“Jane thought there was so much more in the world to see and do.”可知，她想在世界上做很多种事情，所以她会觉得把时间都花在画画这一件事情上是浪费了时间。故选C项。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：走着走着，她被一个重要的很难做出决定所困扰住，因为她有太多的选择。A. caught捕捉；勾住，困住；B. buried埋藏；掩盖；C. interested吸引；使感兴趣；D. experienced经历。根据下文“an important decision she found too hard to make”可知，面对一个很难做出的决定，她应该是很困扰。短语be caught in意为“被困在……里难以自拔”符合语境。故选A项。
27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：走着走着，她被一个重要的很难做出决定所困扰住，因为她有太多的选择。A. options选择；B. difficulties困难；C. regrets后悔，遗憾；D. troubles麻烦。根据下文“Should she practice medicine, design buildings, or teach children ”可知，她除了画画还想学医，建筑设计，还想教学生，由此推测，她有太多选择。故选A项。
28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在尝试了无尽的可能性之后，她根本没有做任何有意义的事情。A. experiments实验；B. risks风险；C. challenges挑战；D. possibilities可能性。根据上文“because she had so many options. Should she practice medicine, design buildings, or teach children ”及“Forty years later”可知，在四十年里应该是尝试了好多种可能性。故选D项。
29．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在尝试了无尽的可能性之后，她根本没有做任何有意义的事情。A. fortunate幸运的；B. ordinary普通的；C. meaningful有意义的；D. necessary必要的。根据上文“Forty years later, Jane began to cry.”可推测她那些尝试应该是没有意义的。故选C项。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的青春一去不复返了。A. change改变；B. return返回，回来；C. reply回复，回答；D. hide掩藏。根据上文“Forty years later, Jane began to cry.”可知，四十年过去，她的青春已经逝去，不可能回来。故选B项。
31．考查动词短语辨析。句意：最终，简明白了生活就是及时做出正确的决定，毫不犹豫地继续下去。A. carrying on继续；B. catching on变得流行开来；理解，领会；C. making up组成；弥补；编造；D. turning up出现；声音开大。根据上文“making a correct decision timely”及后面“unhesitatingly”可知，她领悟到一旦做出正确决定就应该毫不犹豫地继续下去，不要想着什么都尝试。故选A项。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：于是，这个不再是女孩的女孩，从当地的一家商店买了一些画布和颜料，开始从早到晚地作画。A. remembered记得，想起；B. began开始；C. finished完成；D. imagined想像。根据上文“bought some canvases and paints from a local store”可知，买来了画布和颜料应该就要开始画画了。故选B项。
33．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们中的许多人仍然在不断地尝试“找到我们的激情”——我们相信最终会让我们更接近幸福和成功。A. impatiently不耐烦地；B. unexpectedly出乎意料地；C. occasionally偶然地；D. continuously持续地。根据空后“trying to “find our passion””可知，此处作者表示很多人仍然和文中的女孩一样不断地尝试各种选择。故选D项。
34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，事实是，我们的激情来自于做正确的事情——从今天开始更有激情地生活，体验积极的小变化。A. purpose目的；B. promise承诺；C. truth事实，真相；D. hope希望。下文“our passion comes from doing things right-- live more 15 from today and experience small positive changes.”是一个表语从句，这应该是作者认为的事实。故选C项。
35．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，事实是，我们的激情来自于做正确的事情——从今天开始更有激情地生活，体验积极的小变化。A. willingly心甘情愿地；B. passionately热情地；C. peacefully和平地，平静地；D. freely自由的。此处作者建议我们充满激情地去生活，passionately与上文passion意义呼应，符合语境。故选B项。
36．that 37．threw 38．a 39．to create 40．for 41．where 42．more complex 43．used 44．brightness 45．how
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了烟花的发明以及发展演变。
36．考查固定句型。句意：大约在公元前一世纪，有人把一根竹子扔进火里，它砰的一声爆炸了。表示“人们认为……”句型为The thinking goes that…。故填that。
37．考查时态。句意：人们认为，大约在公元前一世纪左右，生活在中国的人把一根竹子扔进火里，然后砰地一声爆炸了。根据上文around the first century B. C.可知发生在过去，用一般过去时，故填threw。
38．考查冠词。句意：中国的旅行者会在旅途中携带竹子，以防他们需要制造很大的噪音来吓跑野生动物。此处noise为泛指，且loud是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。
39．考查非谓语动词。句意：中国的烟花制造者把火药装在竹竿上，制造出也许是世界上第一个人造烟花，后来也开始使用纸管。此处create在句中作目的状语，用不定式。故填to create。
40．考查介词。句意：到了12世纪，中国的朝廷开始为娱乐目的而燃放烟花。表示出于某种目的，应用介词for。故填for。
41．考查定语从句。句意：大约在14世纪，原始的烟花传到了欧洲，意大利艺术家在那里建造了类似戏剧布景的“机器”，并在其中燃放烟花。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Europe，在从句作地点状语，故用where。故填where。
42．考查比较级。句意：由于化学的进步，烟花变得复杂得多。根据上文far以及句意可知应用比较级，在前面加more，故填more complex。
43．考查非谓语动词。句意：19世纪，氯酸钾（一种化学物质）被用来在烟花中产生鲜艳的颜色，如红色和绿色，并提高它们的亮度。此处use与potassium chlorate构成被动关系，故用过去分词作宾补，故填used。
44．考查名词。句意：19世纪，氯酸钾（一种化学物质）被用来在烟花中产生鲜艳的颜色，如红色和绿色，并提高它们的亮度。作动词的宾语，应用名词brightness，不可数。故填brightness。
45．考查宾语从句。句意：多年来，技术上的创新产生了一些关于烟花如何帮助解决现代问题的奇怪建议。引导宾语从句，从句缺少方式状语，故用how。故填how。
46．范文
An Outstanding Chinese Scientist I Admire
Among the myriad of brilliant minds in contemporary China, I am deeply inspired by Dr. Tu Youyou, the Nobel Laureate in Physiology or Medicine. Her groundbreaking discovery of artemisinin, an effective treatment against malaria, has saved millions of lives worldwide, particularly in developing countries.
Dr. Tu’s achievement not only showcases the immense potential of traditional Chinese wisdom but also underscores the importance of perseverance and innovative thinking in scientific research. Her story inspires me to pursue my academic endeavors with an open mind, embracing both the past and the future.
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。你们学校正在举办主题为“用外语讲好中国故事”的征文活动。请你以一位做出杰出贡献的当代中国科学家为题，要求考生写一篇短文投稿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
成就：achievement→accomplishment
有效的：effective→efficient
追求：pursue→chase
接受：embrace→accept
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Among the myriad of brilliant minds in contemporary China, I am deeply inspired by Dr. Tu Youyou, the Nobel Laureate in Physiology or Medicine.
拓展句：Among the myriad of brilliant minds in contemporary China, I am deeply inspired by Dr. Tu Youyou, who is the Nobel Laureate in Physiology or Medicine.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Dr. Tu’s achievement not only showcases the immense potential of traditional Chinese wisdom but also underscores the importance of perseverance and innovative thinking in scientific research. (运用了not only…but also…句型)
[高分句型2] Her story inspires me to pursue my academic endeavors with an open mind, embracing both the past and the future. (运用了现在分词作状语)
47．Version 1:
The whole class turned to look at me. My face burned with embarrassment as I felt each pair of eyes fixed on me. The substitute teacher’s puzzled expression only added to the awkward moment. I wished the ground would open up and swallow me whole, but all I could do was shift uncomfortably in my seat. The whispers that followed were like knives to my self-esteem. When the bell finally rang for the break, I rushed out of the classroom, feeling utterly humiliated. It seemed like the whole school now knew about my voice crack.(87 words)
“You know, the voice problem you met in class is normal,” a classmate came to me and said. His reassuring words caught me off guard. As he shared his own similar experiences, I realized I wasn’t alone in this struggle. Knowing that others were going through the same thing made me feel seen and understood. His empathy sparked a sense of team spirit and support that I hadn't anticipated. Gradually, I let go of the fear of judgment and started to embrace my voice cracks as a natural part of growing up. This newfound sense of confidence and self-acceptance transformed my interactions at school, making me feel more at ease and connected with my peers.(97 words)
Version 2:
The whole class turned to look at me. I felt my face turning red and wished the ground would open up and swallow me whole. The embarrassment was unbearable, and I couldn’t even bring myself to meet anyone’s gaze. After what felt like an eternity, the substitute teacher finally spoke up, breaking the awkward silence. He chuckled and said, “Well, that’s quite a lovely young voice!” The class laughed friendly along with him, and I managed a weak smile, wondering whether they were just trying to make me feel better. Finally, the bell rang and I walked out to have some fresh air. (94 words)
“You know, the voice problem you met in class is normal,” a classmate came to me and said. “Everyone goes through it. It happens to most of us during this stage of life.” He explained how he had also experienced voice cracks and how he had learned to embrace them as a natural part of growing up. I looked at him in surprise, grateful for his reassurance. My initial embarrassment and concern gave way to gratitude and confidence. My classmates were understanding and supportive, just as my friends had been from the beginning. With their encouragement, I gradually became more confident in using my voice, accepting the changes that came with puberty without fear or shame. (98 words)
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了上六年级的作者经历了声音突变。刚开始他对嗓音变低感到兴奋，但发现声音嘶哑后备感尴尬。尽管朋友并未嘲笑他，但他仍自卑，担心被人议论。为避免尴尬，他选择少说话，甚至在上课前清嗓子。然而，在代课老师的一堂课上老师点名，作者不得已必须答到，但就是这一声“到”让他尴尬不已。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“全班都转过头来看着我。”可知，第一段可描写听到作者的声音后同学们的反应和作者的尴尬。
②由第二段首句内容“‘你知道，你在课堂上遇到的声音问题是正常的，’一个同学走过来对我说。”可知，第二段可描写作者得到同学的安慰和鼓励，开始勇敢接受破音的问题。
2.续写线索：受到全班同学的注视——感到万分尴尬——带着羞辱冲出教室——得到同学的安慰——正视和接受自己的问题
3.词汇激活
行为类
①希望：wish/hope
②冲出：rush out/run out
③经受：go through/experience
情绪类
①困惑的：puzzled/confused/perplexed
②尴尬的：awkward/embarrassing
【点睛】[高分句型1]My face burned with embarrassment as I felt each pair of eyes fixed on me.(运用了as引导时间状语从句)
[高分句型2]The whispers that followed were like knives to my self-esteem.(运用了关系代词that引导限制性定语从句)
[高分句型3] Knowing that others were going through the same thing made me feel seen and understood.(运用了连词that引导宾语从句)
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