资源简介

Unit 4
Being a good learner
4.1
How to learn physics
Towards the end of this unit study, you will be able to：
talk about learning challenges and find ways to solve them；
analyze your learning style and make an improvement plan；
use modal verbs to give advice on how to be a good learner.
Regarding knowledge ， those who are devoted to it learn better than those who are aware of it，and those who enjoy it the most are the best students.
——Con fucius
知之者不如好之者，好之者不如乐之者。
——孔子
1 Which of the following questions are physics problems? Think and tick.
□ How many oceans are there in the world?
□ Why do leaves fall？
□ Why can we stand on the ground?
□ What is 5 plus 7?
?
?
2 Listen to the conversation and fill in the blanks.
{5C22544A-7EE6-4342-B048-85BDC9FD1C3A}Wang Mei：
I didn′t see you last week，Li Lin. What happened?
Li Lin：
I had the flu and went to see the doctor. I had to miss school.
Wang Mei：
Oh，poor Li Lin. How are you today?
患流感
[动词]错过
[形容词] 可怜的
{5C22544A-7EE6-4342-B048-85BDC9FD1C3A}Li Lin：
I′m okay now. I′m happy to be back at school and have my favourite subject today.
Wang Mei：
What′s your favourite subject.
Li Lin：
Physics. We are learning many interesting things. We are trying to understand many interesting questions such as：Why do apples fall? Why can we stand on the ground?
例如
{5C22544A-7EE6-4342-B048-85BDC9FD1C3A}Wang Mei：
You are good at physics，Li Lin. For me，it′s a challenge. It′s really difficult to understand all the concepts. Can you share some study tips with me？
擅长
{5C22544A-7EE6-4342-B048-85BDC9FD1C3A}Li Lin：
Sure. You can focus on the key words. For example，gravity is a force. It pulls everything towards the centre of the earth. You should remember the words “ force”，“ pull”，and “centre”. You can also compare related concepts to understand their similarities and differences.
擅长专注于/集中精力在······
关键词
[名词]力；权利；武力
[介词]朝;向;趋向
[形容词]相关的；有联系的
[名词]相似点;相似性
{5C22544A-7EE6-4342-B048-85BDC9FD1C3A}Wang Mei：
That sounds reasonable. Can you help me study physics？
Li Lin：
No problem. What about from 7∶00 to 8:30 every Friday evening？
Wang Mei：
Okay. Thank you，Li Lin. See you then.
Li Lin is good at physics，but physics is a __________ for Wang Mei. It is really difficult for her to ___________ all the concepts. Wang Mei asks Li in to share some study __________ with her. Li Lin tells Wang Mei to learn physics by focusing on the _________ words. They also agree to learn together every Friday evening.
challenge
understand
tips
key
3 Listen to the conversation again and tick the correct answers.
A Which is NOT the example Li Lin gives?
□ Why do apples fall?
□ Why can we stand on the ground?
□ Why does the earth go around？
?
B What′s the advice from Li Lin to learn physics?
□ Focus on the key words.
□ Do more experiments.
□ Compare related concepts.
C Choose the correct statement.
□ Li Lin is kind and ready to help others.
□ Wang Mei wants to give up physics.
□ Li Lin missed school because of her stomachache last week.
?
?
?
4 Work in pairs. Talk about what you can do to solve your learning challenges.
A：What is your favourite subject?
B：Maths.
A：Oh... Maths is a challenge for me. Can you share some learning methods with me?
B：Sure…
1. How many oceans are there in the world? 世界上有多少个海洋? (教材第 44 页，1)
how many 多少
how many 是一个疑问词组，用来询问数量，其后接可数名词的复数形式。
How many pictures can you see on the wall？
你能看到墙上有多少幅画？
[拓展]
询问不可数名词的量用 how much。
How much tea would you like?
你想要多少茶?
2. I had the flu and went to see the doctor. 我得了流感，去看了医生。(教材第 44 页，2)
have the/a flu 患流感
He had the flu，but he still did well in the exam.
他患了流感，但仍然考得很好，
[拓展]
类似的表示病情的短语：
have a fever 发烧
have a cough 咳嗽
have a headache 头疼
have a toothache 牙疼
have a stomachache 胃疼
3. I had to miss school. 我不得不缺课。(教材第 44 页，2)
miss [动词] 错过
miss 在此处是及物动词，其后跟名词、代词或动词 -ing 形式。
I don′t want to miss seeing that play on TV tonight.
我不想错过今晚电视上的那出戏。
[拓展]
① miss 作动词，还可意为“想念；思念；未击中”。
I know how much you miss your mother.
我知道你多么想念你的母亲。
The hunter fired at the deer but missed it.
猎人向鹿开了枪，但未打中。
② Miss 意为“小姐”，用于姓名或姓氏之前，是对未婚女士的称呼。
Thank you，Miss Zhang. 谢谢您，张小姐。
4. Oh，poor Li Lin. 哦，可怜的李琳。(教材第 44 页，2)
poor [形容词] 可怜的。
poor 用于名词前作定语。
It′s hungry the poor little thing.
它饿了，这可怜的小家伙。
[拓展]
① poor 还可意为“贫穷的”，可在句中作表语或定语，其反义词为 rich“富有的”。
the poor 意为“穷人”，表示一类人。
He took the gold away to help the poor.
他拿走金子去帮助穷人。
② poor 还可意为“不擅长的；不熟练的”。
My English is poor. Can you help me？
我的英语很差。你能帮我吗？
5. We are trying to understand many interesting questions such as：Why do apples fall? Why can we stand on the ground? 我们正在努力理解许多有趣的问题，例如：为什么苹果会掉下来?为什么我们可以站在地面上? (教材第 44页，2)
such as 例如
such as 表示列举，通常列举同类人或物中的几个例子。
The shop near our school sells many school things，such as pens，rulers and erasers.
我们学校附近的商店卖许多学习用品。例如钢笔、尺子和橡皮。
[辨析]
such as，for example 与 like
{5C22544A-7EE6-4342-B048-85BDC9FD1C3A}such as
以整体之中的部分同类人或事物为例，其后所举的例子通常为名词或动词-ing 形式，其后一般不用逗号
for example
以整体之中的一个为例，所举的例子可以是名词(短语)，也可以是句子，在句子中多用作插入语，用逗号与其他成分隔开
like
用来表示举例，有时可与 such as互换
6. You are good at physics， Li Lin. 李琳，你擅长物理。(教材第 44 页，2)
be good at 擅长
be good at 与 do well in 同义，其后可接名词、代词或动词 -ing 形式作宾语。
Some of us are good at running. 我们中的有些人擅长跑步。
[拓展]
① be good for 意为“对······有益/有好处”，其反义短语为 be bad for“对······有害”。
Exercising in the morning is good for our health.
晨练对我们的健康有好处。
② be good to 意为“对······友好”，其反义短语为 be bad to “对······不友好”。
Miss Li is good to us. 李老师对我们很友好。
③ be good with 意为“善于应付······”。
He is very good with children. 他善于和孩子打交道。
[中考链接]
(四川遂宁中考)—The art festival is coming. It′s a good chance to show ourselves.
— You are very good at ________. And you will be the most popular star.
A. singing B. sing
C. to sing D. sang
A
7. You can focus on the key words. 你可以专注于关键词。(教材第 44 页，2)
focus on 专注于/集中精力在······
focus on 表示专注于某一件事情，后面常接名词、代词或动词 -ing 形式。
[拓展]
focus one′s attention/mind on... 意为“集中注意力于······”。
Don′t focus your attention on computer games.
不要把你的注意力集中在电脑游戏上。
7. You can focus on the key words. 你可以专注于关键词。(教材第 44 页，2)
key /ki:/ ① [形容词] 关键的；主要的
key words 关键词
We can pay attention to the key words.
我们可以关注关键词。
key ② [名词] 钥匙。 其复数形式为 keys。
the key to ······的钥匙
I can′t find the key to the door. 我找不到这扇门的钥匙。
③ [名词] 关键
Diet and exercise are the key to good health.
饮食和运动是健康的关键。
④[名词] 键
the return key 回车键
8. For example，gravity is a force. 例如，重力是一种力。(教材第 44 页，2)
force /f?:s/ [名词] 力；权利；武力
force 在此处作可数名词，其形容词形式为 forceful，意为“强有力的；有说服力的”。
the force of... ······的力量
by force 靠武力；强行
in force (法律、规则等) 已生效；在实施中
bring sth. into force (使法律、规则等) 开始实施；开始生效
Nobody can get trust by money or force.
没人能通过金钱或武力获得信任。
She made a forceful speech. 她作了一次强有力的发言。
[拓展]
force 还可作动词，意为“强迫；迫使”。
常见搭配：force sb. to do sth. 意为“强迫某人做某事”，相当于 force sb. into doing sth.。
A good way to break a bad habit is to force yourself to do something different/into doing something different.
改掉坏习惯的一个好方法是迫使你自己做不同的事情。
9. It pulls everything towards the centre of the earth. 它把一切都拉向地球的中心。(教材第44 页，2)
towards /t??w?:dz/ [介词] 朝；向；趋向
He ran towards the train station.
他朝火车站跑去。
[辨析]
towards 与 to
{5C22544A-7EE6-4342-B048-85BDC9FD1C3A}towards
表示“向着某个方向”，没有“到达”之意
to
一般跟在 come、go、move 等动词之后，表示“向，往”，有“到达”之意
10. You can also compare related concepts to understand their similarities and differences. 你还可以比较相关的概念来理解它们的相似点和不同点。(教材第 44 页，2)
related /r??le?t?d/ [形容词] 相关的；有联系的
We discussed poverty and related problems.
我们探讨了贫困及相关问题。
[拓展]
related 的相关词汇：
relate [动词] 使有联系
relation [名词] 联系
10. You can also compare related concepts to understand their similarities and differences. 你还可以比较相关的概念来理解它们的相似点和不同点。(教材第 44 页，2)
similarity /?s?m??l?r?ti/ [名词] 相似点；相似性
其复数形式为 similarities。
The similarity between the two photos is surprising.
这两张照片的相似性令人惊讶。
11. Wang Mei asks Li Lin to share some study tips with her. 王梅请李琳和她分享一些学习建议。(教材第 45 页，2)
ask sb.to do sth. 请求/要求某人做某事
该结构中，sb. 为宾语，动词不定式 (短语) 为宾补。
该结构的否定形式为 ask sb. not to do sth.，意为“要求某人不要做某事”。
My mum asks me to help her do some housework.
我的妈妈要求我帮她做家务。
My mother asked me not to go out alone at night.
我的妈妈要求我不要在夜晚独自外出。
[拓展]
类似的结构有 tell/encourage/want/advise sb.(not)to do sth.，意为“告诉/鼓励想要/建议某人 (不) 做某事”。
[中考链接]
(四川德阳中考) Mother asks me __________ English every morning.
A. read B. to read
C. reading D. not read
B
I. 根据汉语提示填写单词
1. There was a boy lying on the __________ (地面).
2. It′s a____________ (挑战) for me.
3. There is a big sports ___________ (中心) on the street.
4. You must ___________ (集中) on this problem.
5. Revise and remember the __________ (关键的) words.
ground
challenge
centre
focus
key
Ⅱ. 用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. You can force yourself _________(get) up early.
2. In order to learn it well，I can ___________ (focus) on the key words.
3. Our teacher asks us ____________ (not play) on the street.
4. We must compare ____________ (relate) concepts first.
to get
focus
not to play
related

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