资源简介

Unit 5
Work education
5.2
The importance of physical work
1 What physical work do you often do? Tick and talk with your partner.
{5C22544A-7EE6-4342-B048-85BDC9FD1C3A}□watering the plants
□feeding animals
□washing the dishes
□cooking meals
□harvesting in the fields
□sweeping the floor
2 Read the passage and write true (T) or false (F).
Physical work plays an important role in our physical and mental growth，in our health，and in our overall well-being.
在······中起重要作用；对······有重要影响
First，physical work teaches us some important life skills. Through activities，we learn the value of hard work and develop a sense of responsibility. It is not only beneficial to our daily life，but also to our development.
······的价值
[动词]发展；使形成；培育
[名词] 责任
不仅······而且······
对······有益
Second，it helps us build strength， By doing farm work，for example， we develop stronger muscles and hearts. Our hands and feet learn to cooperate with each other. Our brains and bodies are healthier as a result.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
介词短语作状语。
与······合作
因此；结果
Third，physical work builds character. It helps us develop self-confidence，communication skills，and friendships. We learn how to work with and respect others.
[名词] 表达；交流
[名词] 友谊；友情
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
“特殊疑问词＋动词不定式 (短语)”结构
Teenagers should often do some physical work，whether that means household chores，working on a farm，or finding a physical job. It builds up our fitness，teaches us important life skills，and improves our mental well- being. It prepares us for our future.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
whether...or... 引导的让步状语从句
[名词] 健康；健壮
[动词] 提高；改善
A Doing farm work can develop our muscles. ( )
B Doing household chores isn′t a kind of physical work. ( )
C Physical work helps us make friends and cooperate with others.
( )
T
F
T
3 Read the passage again and complete the mind map.
to teach us some important life skills
We develop stronger muscles and hearts.
Our brains and bodies are healthier as a result.
It helps us develop self-confidence，communication skills，and friendships.
We learn how to work with and respect others.
4 Read and complete the conversation.
A. It shapes our character.
B. We should make it a regular part of our life.
C. It helps us build physical strength.
D. It benefits us a lot.
{5C22544A-7EE6-4342-B048-85BDC9FD1C3A}Li Ming：
Hey，Wang Mei. Do you think physical work is important?
Wang Mei：
Absolutely!________
D
{5C22544A-7EE6-4342-B048-85BDC9FD1C3A}Li Ming：
How so?
Wang Mei：
________ When we do farm work，our muscles become stronger.
Li Ming：
That′s true. What else?
Wang Mei：
_______ We can become more confident.
Li Ming：
So，it is really beneficial.
Wang Mei：
Exactly!________
C
A
B
5 What benefits do you know about physical work? Discuss with your partner.
1. Physical work plays an important role in our physical and mental growth， in our health，and in our overall well-being.体力劳动在我们的身心成长、健康以及整体幸福感中起着重要作用。(教材第 60 页，2)
role /r??l/ [可数名词] 作用；职能；角色
play a role in... 意为“在···中起作用；对···有影响”，in 后接名词、代词或动词 -ing 形式，相当于 make a difference in.... 它还可意为“在······中扮演角色”。
Family members play an important role in your life.
家人在你的生活中起着重要作用。
[拓展]
play a/the role of... 扮演······的角色
She played the role of a young teacher in the movie.
她在电影中扮演了一位年轻的教师。
2. Through activities，we learn the value of hard work and develop a sense of responsibility. 通过一些活动，我们明白努力工作的价值，并培养责任感。(教材第 60 页，2)
value /?v?lju:/ [名词] 价值；价格；重要性
the value of... ······的价值
be of great/little/no value 很有价值/几乎没有价值/无价值
We should know the value of health.
我们应该知道健康的价值。
The discovery is of great value to his research.
这个发现对他的研究有很大的价值。
[拓展]
value 还可作动词，意为“重视”。
I value my privacy. 我重视我的隐私。
2. Through activities，we learn the value of hard work and develop a sense of responsibility. 通过一些活动，我们明白努力工作的价值，并培养责任感。(教材第 60 页，2)
develop [动词] 发展；使形成；培育
develop a sense of responsibility 培养责任感
It′s quite important to develop good eating habits.
养成良好的饮食习惯至关重要。
[拓展]
① development [名词] 发展；开发；成长
development是由“develop (v.发展)＋ -ment (名词后缀)”构成的名词。
Who will talk about the development of American country music next week？
下周谁将谈论美国乡村音乐的发展?
② developed 是形容词，意为“发达的，高度发展的”；developing 也是形容词，意为“发展中的”，常用于修饰国家、社会等。
As we all know，the U.S. is a developed country，while China is a developing country.
众所周知，美国是一个发达国家，而中国是一个发展中国家。
2. Through activities，we learn the value of hard work and develop a sense of responsibility. 通过一些活动，我们明白努力工作的价值，并培养责任感。(教材第 60 页，2)
responsibility /r??sp?ns??b?l?ti/ [名词] 责任
responsibility 指任何义务、职责或职务上所尽的本分，强调对他人的责任。
take on the responsibility to do sth. 承担起做某事的责任
We should take on the responsibility to protect our environment.
我们应该担负起保护环境的责任。
He took full responsibility for the team′s performance.
他对团队的表现负全责。
3. It is not only beneficial to our daily life，but also to our development. 这不仅对我们的日常生活有益，也对我们的发展有好处。(教材第60 页，2)
not only... but also... 不仅······而且······
not only... but also... 用于连接两个并列成分，着重强调后者，also 可以省略。
[拓展]
① not only... But (also)... 若连接两个并列成分作主语，谓语动词通常与 but (also) 后的主语在人称和数上保持一致，即遵循“就近原则”。
Not only I but also my parents are fond of watching football matches.
不仅我而且我父母也喜欢看足球比赛。
② not only... but(also)... 可连接两个分句，当 not only 位于句首，前一个分句常用倒装来表示强调，而 but(also) 后的分句仍用陈述语序。
Not only does Miss Li like music，but also she likes sports.
李小姐不但喜欢音乐，还喜欢体育运动。
[中考链接]
(2023 黑龙江绥化中考)—Could you tell me something about Yuan Longping?
— Yes，he′s called the “Father of Hybrid Rice”. He helped to save _______ China _______ the world from hunger.
A. neither；nor B. either；or
C. not only；but also
C
3. It is not only beneficial to our daily life，but also to our development. 这不仅对我们的日常生活有益，也对我们的发展有好处。(教材第60 页，2)
beneficial /?ben??f?fl/ [形容词] 有利的
A good diet is beneficial to health. 良好的饮食有益于健康。
be beneficial to... 对······有益
[拓展]
benefit [名词] 好处；益处
I′ve had the benefit of a good education.
我得益于受过良好教育。
4. Our hands and feet learn to cooperate with each other. 我们的手脚学会协调配合。(教材第 60 页，2)
cooperate /k????p?re?t/ [动词] 合作
cooperate with... 与······合作
They communicate and cooperate with each other.
他们互相交流，互相合作。
5. Our brains and bodies are healthier as a result. 我们的大脑和身体因此更加健康。(教材第 60 页，2)
result /r??z?lt/ ① [名词] 结果；后果；成果
as a result 因此；结果
as a result of... 作为······的结果；由于······
Do you know the result of the vote?
你知道投票的结果吗？
result ② [动词] (因······) 发生
Many health problems result from what you eat.
许多健康问题是由你吃的东西引起的。
result from 起因于，由······造成
6. It helps us develop self-confidence communication skills，and friendships. 它帮助我们培养自信、提升沟通技能并增进友谊。(教材第 60 页，2)
communication /k??mju:n??ke??n/ [名词] 表达；交流
We should improve our communication skills.
我们应该提升我们的沟通技能。
[拓展]
communicate [动词]交流；沟通
communicate with sb. 与某人交流
I have communicated with my friends until now.
我一直和我的朋友联系到现在。
6. It helps us develop self-confidence communication skills，and friendships. 它帮助我们培养自信、提升沟通技能并增进友谊。(教材第 60 页，2)
friendship [名词] 友谊；友情
friendship 是由“friend (n.朋友) ＋-ship(名词后缀)”构成的名词。
If you find your true friends，love them and cherish real friendships.
如果你找到了你真正的朋友，爱他们，并珍惜真正的友谊。
Their true friendship moved us deeply.
他们真正的友谊深深地感动了我们。
[拓展]
在英语构词法中，后缀 -ship 表示“状态；性质；品质；地位；资格；职位”等。
常见的以后缀 -ship 结尾的词还有：
hard (adj.艰难的)——hardship (n.艰苦)
relation (n.关系)——relationship (n.关系)
citizen (n.公民)——citizenship (n.公民身份)
leader (n.领导者)——leadership (n.领导地位)
member (n.成员)——membership (n.成员资格)
7. We learn how to work with and respect others. 我们学会如何与他人合作并尊重他人。(教材第 60 页，2)
“特殊疑问词＋动词不定式 (短语)”结构
本句中的 how to work with and respect others 是“特殊疑问词＋动词不定式短语”结构，在句中作 learn 的宾语。
I want to know how to improve my spoken English.
我想知道如何提高我的英语口语。
[拓展]
what、who、which、how、when、where 等词与动词不定式 (短语) 连用，相当于一个名词性从句，常用在某些动词，如 learn、tell、show、know、decide、teach、discuss、explain 等后作宾语，也可用在某些介词后作宾语，有时还可作主语、表语等。
Do you know where to go?
你知道要去哪儿吗? (作宾语)
What to do hasn′t been decided yet.
要做什么还没定下来。(作主语)
The question is how to get there.
问题是怎么到那儿。(作表语)
[中考链接]
(2024四川遂宁中考)—Daddy，the Mid-Autumn Festival is coming. Could you please tell me _______ for grandparents?
— You can buy some mooncakes，fruits and flowers for them.
A. how to buy B. what to buy
C. where to buy D. when to buy
B
8. Teenagers should often do some physical work，whether that means household chores，working on a farm，or finding a physical job. 青少年应该经常做一些体力劳动，无论是做家务、在农场工作还是找一份体力工作。(教 材第 60 页，2)
whether... or… 无论······还是······
whether... or... 常用来引导让步状语从句。
9. It builds up our fitness，teaches us important life skills，and improves our mental well-being. 这可以提高我们的健康水平，教会我们重要的生活技能，并改善我们的心理健康。(教材第 60 页，2)
fitness /?f?tn?s/ [名词] 健康；健壮
Physical activity is an important factor in maintaining fitness.
体育活动是保持健康的一个重要因素。
9. It builds up our fitness，teaches us important life skills，and improves our mental well-being. 这可以提高我们的健康水平，教会我们重要的生活技能，并改善我们的心理健康。(教材第 60 页，2)
improve [动词] 提高；改善
I′ll study hard to improve my English.
我要努力学习来提高我的英语水平。
[拓展]
improvement [名词] 改善，改进；改进之处
There is still room for improvement.
还有改进的余地。
I. 根据汉语提示填写单词
1. We should pay attention to children′s physical and __________ (精神的) growth.
2. He is the person with ___________ (全面的) responsibility for the project.
mental
overall
3. We should know the ___________ (价值) of health.
4. Do you know the ___________ (结果) of the match?
5. He has a good ____________ (性格).
value
result
character
Ⅱ. 用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. It can be _____________(benefit) to share your feelings with someone you trust.
2. ___________ (teenager) should communicate more with their parents.
3. I want to know how ____________ (get) on well with friends.
beneficial
Teenagers
to get
4. We develop a sense of _______________ (responsible).
5. The healthy ___________ (grow) of the children is a big problem in every family.
responsibility
growth

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