Unit 3 Same or Different?知识点总结(单词 短语 句子 语法)(全新完整版)-2025秋新人教版英语 八年级上册

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Unit 3 Same or Different?知识点总结(单词 短语 句子 语法)(全新完整版)-2025秋新人教版英语 八年级上册

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【2022新课标】
2025秋新人教版初中英语八上
Unit 3 Same or Different
知识点总结
(单词+短语+句子+语法)
(全新完整版)
一、重点单词
核心形容词(描述异同)
1. same /se m/ adj. 相同的
2. different / d fr nt/ adj. 不同的
3. similar / s m l r/ adj. 相似的
4. opposite / p z t/ adj. 相反的
5. common / k m n/ adj. 共同的
6. unique /ju ni k/ adj. 独特的
7. ordinary / dnri/ adj. 普通的
8. special / spe l/ adj. 特别的
比较与对比词汇
9. compare /k m pe r/ v. 比较
10. contrast / k ntrɑ st/ v.&n. 对比
11. difference / d fr ns/ n. 差异
12. similarity / s m l r ti/ n. 相似点
13. change /t e nd / v.&n. 改变
14. vary / ve ri/ v. 变化
15. match /m t / v. 匹配
16. fit /f t/ v. 适合
人物特征与性格
17. outgoing / a tɡ / adj. 外向的
18. shy / a / adj. 害羞的
19. friendly / frendli/ adj. 友好的
20. serious / s ri s/ adj. 严肃的
21. funny / f ni/ adj. 有趣的
22. patient / pe nt/ adj. 耐心的
23. lazy / le zi/ adj. 懒惰的
24. hardworking / hɑ d w k / adj. 勤奋的
外貌与物品特征
25. tall /t l/ adj. 高的
26. short / t/ adj. 矮的
27. thin /θ n/ adj. 瘦的
28. heavy / hevi/ adj. 重的
29. colorful / k l fl/ adj. 多彩的
30. plain /ple n/ adj. 朴素的
31. modern / m dn/ adj. 现代的
32. traditional /tr d nl/ adj. 传统的
行为与习惯
33. habit / h b t/ n. 习惯
34. hobby / h bi/ n. 爱好
35. prefer /pr f r/ v. 更喜欢
36. choose /t u z/ v. 选择
37. decide /d sa d/ v. 决定
38. agree / ɡri / v. 同意
39. disagree / d s ɡri / v. 不同意
40. argue / ɑ ɡju / v. 争论
抽象概念
41. opinion / p nj n/ n. 观点
42. interest / ntr st/ n. 兴趣
43. personality / p s n l ti/ n. 个性
44. culture / k lt r/ n. 文化
45. custom / k st m/ n. 习俗
46. tradition /tr d n/ n. 传统
47. value / v lju / n. 价值
48. respect /r spekt/ v.&n. 尊重
常用动词
49. appear / p r/ v. 出现;显得
50. differ / d f r/ v. 不同
51. resemble /r zembl/ v. 相似
52. depend /d pend/ v. 依赖
53. cooperate /k p re t/ v. 合作
54. share / e r/ v. 分享
55. belong /b l / v. 属于
56. care /ke r/ v. 关心
其他高频词汇
57. though / / conj. 虽然
58. however /ha ev r/ adv. 然而
59. instead / n sted/ adv. 代替
60. perhaps /p h ps/ adv. 也许
61. especially / spe li/ adv. 尤其
62. usually / ju u li/ adv. 通常
63. sometimes / s mta mz/ adv. 有时
64. never / nev r/ adv. 从不
65. appearance / p r ns/ n. 外貌
66. character / k r kt r/ n. 性格
67. background / b kɡra nd/ n. 背景
68. environment / n va r nm nt/ n. 环境
69. situation / s t u e n/ n. 情况
70. example / ɡ zɑ mpl/ n. 例子
二、主要短语
一)比较与对比
1. be the same as 与...相同
2. be similar to 与...相似
3. be different from 与...不同
4. look similar to 看起来像
5. look alike 看起来像
6. have something in common 有共同点
7. compare A with B 将A与B比较
8. in contrast to 与...形成对比
9. on the contrary 相反
10. just like 正如
11. as...as... 和...一样
12. not as/so...as... 不如...
13. stand out from 从...中脱颖而出
14. stand out 突出
15. on the one hand...on the other hand 一方面...另一方面
16. judge by appearance 以貌取人
17. see eye to eye 看法一致
二)性格与特征
18. be outgoing 外向的
19. be shy with strangers 对陌生人害羞
20. have a good/bad temper 脾气好/差
21. be full of energy 充满活力
22. keep calm 保持冷静
23. lose one's temper 发脾气
24. be hard-working 勤奋的
25. take things seriously 认真对待
26. have a sense of humor 有幽默感
27. be open-minded 思想开明的
28. be narrow-minded 心胸狭窄的
29. be patient with 对...有耐心
30. be strict about 对...严格
31. be interested in 对...感兴趣
32. be fond of 喜欢
33. be crazy about 痴迷于
34. be proud of 为...自豪
35. be good at 擅长
36. be poor at 不擅长
37. be weak in 在...方面弱
38. have a talent for 有...的天赋
39. be in a good/bad mood 心情好/差
40. look on the bright side 看事情好的一面
三)行为与习惯
41. get up early 早起
42. stay up late 熬夜
43. keep a diary 写日记
44. take notes 做笔记
45. make friends 交朋友
46. make friends with 与...交朋友
47. share ideas 分享想法
48. share the same interest 有相同兴趣
49. argue with 与...争论
50. have an argument with 与...争论
51. agree with 同意
52. depend on 依赖
53. care about 关心
54. get used to 习惯于
55. develop a habit of 养成...习惯
56. break a habit 改掉习惯
57. keep one's promise 信守承诺
58. change one's mind 改变主意
59. give someone a hand 帮助某人
60. cheer someone up 让某人高兴起来
四)人际关系
61. get along with 与...相处融洽
62. trust each other 互相信任
63. respect one's opinion 尊重某人的观点
64. respect each other 互相尊重
65. give advice 给建议
66. make a decision 做决定
67. have a discussion 讨论
68. belong to 属于
69. fit in with 适应
70. play a role in 在...中扮演角色
71. stand up for 支持
72. look up to someone 尊敬某人
73. celebrate festivals 庆祝节日
74. exchange gifts 交换礼物
75. follow the rules 遵守规则
五)外貌与描述
76. wear glasses 戴眼镜
77. have curly hair 卷发
78. be of medium height 中等身高
79. dress casually 穿得随意
80. look smart 看起来聪明
81. in a bright color 亮色
82. with a smile 带着微笑
83. in style 时尚的
84. out of date 过时的
e from 来自
六)社会与抽象概念
86. in general 一般来说
87. to some extent 在某种程度上
88. for instance 例如
89. what's more 而且
90. in other words 换句话说
91. all in all 总而言之
92. as a matter of fact 事实上
93. be common 常见的
94. be unique 独特的
95. be ordinary 普通的
96. be special 特别的
三、重点句子
一)比较异同
1. We look alike but have totally different personalities.
(我们长得很像,但性格完全不同。)
2. Your handwriting is similar to mine.
(你的笔迹和我的很像。)
3. In contrast to his brother, he's very outgoing.
(和他兄弟相反,他非常外向。)
4. These two paintings have something in common.
(这两幅画有些共同点。)
5. On the one hand she's kind, on the other hand she can be strict.
(她一方面很善良,另一方面也可能很严格。)
二)性格描述
6. She's always full of energy.
(她总是充满活力。)
7. My boss has a bad temper.
(我老板脾气很差。)
8. He takes everything too seriously.
(他对什么事都太认真了。)
9. You should learn to keep calm under pressure.
(你应该学会在压力下保持冷静。)
10. Being open-minded is important in teamwork.
(在团队合作中思想开明很重要。)
三)人际关系
11. Do you get along with your roommates
(你和室友相处得好吗?)
12. They had an argument about money.
(他们因为钱吵了一架。)
13. We trust each other completely.
(我们完全信任彼此。)
14. I respect your opinion but I disagree.
(我尊重你的观点,但我不同意。)
15. Let's try to see eye to eye on this.
(让我们在这件事上达成一致吧。)
四)情绪表达
16. Why are you in such a bad mood today
(你今天为什么心情这么差?)
17. This song always cheers me up.
(这首歌总能让我高兴起来。)
18. She felt down after hearing the news.
(听到消息后她情绪低落。)
19. Don't lose your temper over small things.
(不要为小事发脾气。)
20. Look on the bright side - at least we tried.
(往好处想,至少我们尝试过了。)
五)能力习惯
21. He has a talent for playing the piano.
(他有弹钢琴的天赋。)
22. I'm good at math but poor at sports.
(我擅长数学但不擅长体育。)
23. Have you gotten used to the new schedule
(你适应新的时间表了吗?)
24. I've developed a habit of reading before bed.
(我养成了睡前阅读的习惯。)
25. It's hard to break bad habits.
(改掉坏习惯很难。)
六)社会适应
26. It took me months to fit in with the new class.
(我花了几个月才适应新班级。)
27. This book belongs to the school library.
(这本书属于学校图书馆。)
28. Everyone should follow the rules.
(每个人都应该遵守规则。)
29. We need to stand up for what's right.
(我们需要坚持正确的事。)
30. Many students look up to their math teacher.
(许多学生都很尊敬数学老师。)
七)观点表达
31. As a matter of fact, I don't agree with you.
(事实上,我不同意你的看法。)
32. In general, people prefer kind leaders.
(一般来说,人们更喜欢和善的领导。)
33. To some extent, we're all selfish.
(在某种程度上,我们都很自私。)
34. For instance, Jack and I share the same hobby.
(例如,杰克和我的爱好相同。)
35. All in all, it was a great experience.
(总而言之,这是很棒的经历。)
八)建议忠告
36. You should take his advice into consideration.
(你应该考虑他的建议。)
37. Don't judge people by their appearance.
(不要以貌取人。)
38. Try to look at things from different angles.
(试着从不同角度看问题。)
39. What's more important is your attitude.
(更重要的是你的态度。)
40. In other words, we need to be more patient.
(换句话说,我们需要更耐心。)
41. Let me give you a hand with that problem.
(让我帮你解决那个问题吧。)
四、语法点
本单元及下单元主要语法是形容词副词的比较级和最高级,这里一起进行总结整理,便于对照归纳。
一)词性解释
1. 形容词(Adjectives)
- 作用:用来修饰名词,说明人或事物的性质、状态或特征。
- 例:a tall boy(高个子男孩)、a beautiful flower(美丽的花)
2. 副词(Adverbs)
- 作用:用来修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明动作的方式、程度、时间等。
- 例:run quickly(跑得快)、very happy(非常开心)
二)比较级(Comparative)和最高级(Superlative)
比较级用于两者之间的比较,最高级用于三者或以上的比较。
1. 规则变化
(1) 单音节词和部分双音节词
原级 比较级(-er) 最高级(-est) 规则
tall taller tallest 直接加 -er / -est
fast faster fastest 直接加 -er / -est
big bigger biggest 重读闭音节,双写末尾辅音字母 + -er / -est
happy happier happiest 辅音字母 + y → 变 y 为 i + -er / -est
narrow narrower narrowest 以 -ow, -er, -le 结尾的双音节词,加 -er / -est
(2) 多音节词和部分双音节词
原级 比较级(more) 最高级(most) 规则
beautiful more beautiful most beautiful 加 more / most
carefully more carefully most carefully 加 more / most
interesting more interesting most interesting 加 more / most
(3) 不规则变化
原级 比较级 最高级
good / well better best
bad / badly worse worst
far farther / further farthest / furthest
little less least
many / much more most
2. 比较级句型
(1) 两者比较(A > B)
- A + be + 比较级 + than + B
- He is taller than his brother.(他比他哥哥高。)
- She runs faster than me.(她跑得比我快。)
(2) 两者相同(A = B)
- A + be + as + 原级 + as + B
- This book is as interesting as that one.(这本书和那本一样有趣。)
- He speaks English as fluently as a native speaker.(他英语说得像母语者一样流利。)
(3) 两者不同(A ≠ B)
- A + be + not as/so + 原级 + as + B
- This movie is not as exciting as the last one.(这部电影没有上一部那么刺激。)
3. 最高级句型
(1) 三者或以上比较
- A + be + the + 最高级 + (in/of/among) + 范围
- She is the smartest student in our class.(她是我们班最聪明的学生。)
- This is the most expensive car of all.(这是所有车中最贵的。)
(2) 副词最高级可省略 "the"
- He runs (the) fastest in the team.(他在队里跑得最快。)
4. 特殊用法
(1) 比较级 + and + 比较级(越来越……)
- It's getting colder and colder.(天气越来越冷了。)
- She became more and more beautiful.(她变得越来越漂亮。)
(2) The + 比较级…, the + 比较级…(越……,越……)
- The more you practice, the better you will be.(你练习得越多,就会越好。)
- The sooner, the better.(越快越好。)
(3) 比较级 + than any other + 单数名词(比其他任何……都……)
- He is taller than any other student in his class.(他比班上其他任何学生都高。)
三)一般常见的错误
1. 双重比较级/最高级( )
- more better → better
- the most fastest → the fastest
2. 比较对象不一致( )
- His English is better than me.( 比较对象错误)
- His English is better than mine.( 比较的是英语水平)
3. 最高级不加 "the"( )
- She is most beautiful girl in the class.
- She is the most beautiful girl in the class.
四)练一下
1. This box is ______ (heavy) than that one.
2. She sings ______ (beautifully) in the competition.
3. The ______ (much) you read, the ______ (smart) you become.
4. He is ______ (tall) than any other boy in his school.
5. This is ______ (interesting) book I have ever read.
(答案:1. heavier 2. the most beautifully 3. more, smarter 4. taller 5. the most interesting)
总结:
- 比较级(两者比较):-er / more + than
- 最高级(三者及以上):the + -est / the most
- 不规则变化(good→better→best, bad→worse→worst……)
- 特殊句型(越来越… / 越…越… / 比其他任何…都…)

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