资源简介 Unit 5 Play by the rules 单词精讲讲义1. opposite prep. 在······的对面例句The bank is opposite the post office.银行在邮局对面。She sat opposite him at the table.她坐在桌子对面。常见搭配opposite side 对面opposite direction 相反方向be opposite to 与...相反易错易考点opposite既可作介词也可作形容词、名词、副词。作介词时,表示“在...的对面”。2. packet n. 小包,小盒,小袋例句I bought a packet of biscuits.我买了一包饼干。He opened a packet of crisps.他打开了一包薯片。常见搭配packet of cigarettes 一包香烟packet of seeds 一包种子易错易考点packet是可数名词。指小包装的物品。3. picnic n. 野餐例句We went for a picnic in the park.我们去公园野餐了。Let's pack a picnic lunch.我们准备野餐午餐吧。常见搭配go for a picnic 去野餐picnic basket 野餐篮picnic area 野餐区易错易考点picnic是可数名词。也可以作动词,表示“野餐”。4. smelly adj. 有臭味的例句The garbage can is very smelly.垃圾桶很臭。My socks are smelly after the run.跑完步我的袜子很臭。常见搭配smelly feet 臭脚smelly cheese 臭奶酪易错易考点smelly是形容词,表示“有臭味的”。名词形式是smell。5. cheese n. 干酪,奶酪例句I like cheese on my pizza.我喜欢披萨上放奶酪。Would you like some cheese and crackers 你想吃些奶酪和饼干吗?常见搭配cheese sandwich 奶酪三明治cheese cake 芝士蛋糕slice of cheese 一片奶酪易错易考点cheese是不可数名词。也可以作可数名词,指不同种类的奶酪。6. noise n. 噪声;嘈杂声例句Please don't make so much noise.请不要发出这么大的噪音。I heard a strange noise outside.我听到外面有奇怪的声音。常见搭配loud noise 巨大的噪音make a noise 制造噪音noise pollution 噪音污染易错易考点noise是可数名词或不可数名词。make a noise表示“发出声音”。7. reduce v. 减少;缩小;降低例句We need to reduce our expenses.我们需要减少开支。The company plans to reduce its workforce.公司计划裁员。常见搭配reduce stress 减轻压力reduce pollution 减少污染reduce speed 减速易错易考点reduce是动词,表示“减少”、“降低”。名词形式是reduction。8. kick v. 踢例句He kicked the ball into the goal.他把球踢进了球门。Don't kick the dog.不要踢狗。常见搭配kick off 开始kick out 赶走kick a habit 戒掉习惯易错易考点kick既可作动词也可作名词。kick off常用于表示比赛开始。9. seat n. 座,座位例句Is this seat taken 这个座位有人坐吗?Please take a seat.请坐。常见搭配window seat 靠窗的座位front seat 前排座位take a seat 坐下易错易考点seat是可数名词。seat指供人坐的地方,chair指有靠背的椅子。10. passenger n. 乘客,旅客例句All passengers must wear seatbelts.所有乘客都必须系安全带。The bus was full of passengers.公共汽车上挤满了乘客。常见搭配train passenger 火车乘客airline passenger 飞机乘客passenger seat 乘客座位易错易考点passenger是可数名词。指乘坐交通工具的人。11. anything pron. 任何事物都(没有)例句Is there anything I can do for you 有什么我能为你做的吗?I didn't see anything.我什么也没看到。常见搭配anything else 其他任何东西anything like 任何像...易错易考点anything常用于否定句、疑问句或条件句中。在肯定句中,anything表示“任何事物”。12. fool n. 蠢人,傻子,笨蛋例句Don't be a fool.别当傻瓜。He made a fool of himself.他出洋相了。常见搭配make a fool of oneself 出洋相play the fool 装傻April Fool's Day 愚人节易错易考点fool是可数名词。也可以作动词,表示“愚弄”。13. sign n. 标记;指示牌,标牌例句Follow the signs to the exit.跟着指示牌走到出口。He made a sign to me.他给我做了个手势。常见搭配road sign 道路标志stop sign 停车标志traffic sign 交通标志易错易考点sign是可数名词。除了表示“标志”,还可以表示“迹象”、“手势”。14. throat n. 喉咙,咽喉例句My throat is sore.我喉咙痛。He cleared his throat before speaking.他清了清嗓子才说话。常见搭配sore throat 喉咙痛clear one's throat 清嗓子cut one's throat 自杀易错易考点throat是可数名词。clear one's throat表示“清嗓子”。15. clear your throat (尤指说话前或为引人注意而)清清嗓子例句He cleared his throat and began to speak.他清了清嗓子,开始说话。She cleared her throat to get their attention.她清了清嗓子以引起他们的注意。常见搭配clear one's throat to do sth. 清嗓子做某事易错易考点clear your throat是一个固定短语。通常表示为了说话或引起注意而发出声音。16. responsibility n. 责任例句It's your responsibility to finish the work.完成这项工作是你的责任。She takes her responsibilities seriously.她认真对待自己的责任。常见搭配take responsibility for 对...负责sense of responsibility 责任感share responsibility 分担责任易错易考点responsibility是可数名词或不可数名词。形容词形式是responsible。17. cause n. 原因,起因例句What was the cause of the accident 事故的原因是什么?He is fighting for a good cause.他正在为一项正义事业而奋斗。常见搭配cause and effect 因果关系main cause 主要原因good cause 正义事业易错易考点cause既可作名词也可作动词。作名词时,表示“原因”、“事业”。18. belt n. 腰带,皮带例句He tightened his belt.他系紧了腰带。Wear your seat belt.系好安全带。常见搭配seat belt 安全带conveyor belt 传送带black belt 黑带易错易考点belt是可数名词。seat belt是“安全带”。19. seat belt 安全带例句Please fasten your seat belt.请系好安全带。Wearing a seat belt can save lives.系安全带可以挽救生命。常见搭配fasten a seat belt 系安全带wear a seat belt 系安全带易错易考点seat belt是一个名词短语。指汽车或飞机上的安全带。20. station n. 车站例句I'm going to the train station.我要去火车站。Where is the nearest police station 最近的警察局在哪里?常见搭配train station 火车站bus station 公交车站police station 警察局易错易考点station是可数名词。指交通、服务或广播的场所。21. flowerpot n. 花盆例句She planted flowers in a flowerpot.她在花盆里种了花。The flowerpot fell from the window.花盆从窗户上掉了下来。常见搭配ceramic flowerpot 陶瓷花盆plastic flowerpot 塑料花盆易错易考点flowerpot是可数名词。指用来种植花卉的容器。22. pick up 捡起例句Please pick up the rubbish.请把垃圾捡起来。He picked up the phone.他拿起电话。常见搭配pick up speed 加速pick up a language 学会一门语言pick up a friend 接朋友易错易考点pick up是一个动词短语,除了“捡起”,还有“接(人)”、“学会”、“好转”等含义。注意区分不同语境下的含义。23. mess n. 脏乱;凌乱例句Your room is a mess.你的房间一团糟。Don't make a mess.不要弄乱。常见搭配make a mess 弄乱in a mess 一团糟clean up the mess 清理混乱易错易考点mess是可数名词或不可数名词。make a mess表示“弄乱”。24. honesty n. 诚实,正直;坦诚例句Honesty is the best policy.诚实是最好的策略。I appreciate your honesty.我感谢你的坦诚。常见搭配with honesty 诚实地show honesty 表现出诚实易错易考点honesty是不可数名词。形容词形式是honest。25. spread v. 传播例句The news spread quickly.消息迅速传播开来。Spread the butter on the bread.把黄油涂在面包上。常见搭配spread awareness 传播意识spread rumors 散布谣言spread out 展开易错易考点spread的过去式和过去分词都是spread。除了“传播”,还可以表示“涂抹”、“展开”。26. law n. 法则,法令例句It's against the law to steal.偷窃是违法的。The law protects our rights.法律保护我们的权利。常见搭配break the law 违法obey the law 遵守法律rule of law 法治易错易考点law是可数名词或不可数名词。指法律、法规或自然法则。27. lawyer n. 律师例句She wants to be a lawyer.她想成为一名律师。He consulted a lawyer.他咨询了一位律师。常见搭配criminal lawyer 刑事律师corporate lawyer 公司律师become a lawyer 成为律师易错易考点lawyer是可数名词。指从事法律工作的人。28. urgent adj. 紧急的,急迫的例句This is an urgent matter.这是一个紧急事项。I need to make an urgent call.我需要打一个紧急电话。常见搭配urgent message 紧急信息urgent need 紧急需求urgent care 紧急护理易错易考点urgent是形容词,表示“紧急的”。副词形式是urgently。29. citizen n. 公民;市民,城镇居民例句He is a citizen of Canada.他是加拿大公民。All citizens have the right to vote.所有公民都有投票权。常见搭配global citizen 全球公民responsible citizen 负责任的公民citizen rights 公民权利易错易考点citizen是可数名词。指一个国家的公民或一个城镇的居民。30. click v. 点击(鼠标)例句Click here to download the file.点击这里下载文件。He clicked the mouse button.他点击了鼠标按钮。常见搭配click on 点击double click 双击click through 点击浏览易错易考点click既可作动词也可作名词。指用鼠标点击。31. basic adj. 基础的,基本的,根本的例句Learn the basic rules first.先学习基本规则。What are the basic needs of humans 人类的基本需求是什么?常见搭配basic knowledge 基本知识basic skills 基本技能basic salary 基本工资易错易考点basic是形容词,表示“基本的”、“基础的”。副词形式是basically。32. personal adj. 个人的,私人的例句This is my personal opinion.这是我个人的意见。Please respect my personal space.请尊重我的个人空间。常见搭配personal information 个人信息personal belongings 个人物品personal computer 个人电脑易错易考点personal是形容词,表示“个人的”、“私人的”。名词形式是person。33. private adj. 个人的,秘密的例句This is a private conversation.这是私人谈话。He keeps his private life secret.他保守自己的私生活秘密。常见搭配private property 私人财产private school 私立学校private life 私生活易错易考点private是形容词,表示“私人的”、“秘密的”。反义词是public。34. avoid v. 避免例句Try to avoid making mistakes.尽量避免犯错误。He avoided answering my question.他避开了我的问题。常见搭配avoid doing sth. 避免做某事avoid contact 避免接触avoid trouble 避免麻烦易错易考点avoid是动词,后接动名词。表示“避免”、“避开”。35. address n. 地址例句What's your address 你的地址是什么?Please write your name and address.请写下你的姓名和地址。常见搭配email address 电子邮件地址home address 家庭住址change address 更改地址易错易考点address是可数名词。也可以作动词,表示“处理”、“称呼”。36. passport n. 护照例句I need to renew my passport.我需要更新我的护照。Show your passport at the customs.在海关出示你的护照。常见搭配valid passport 有效护照passport control 护照检查passport photo 护照照片易错易考点passport是可数名词。指用于国际旅行的官方文件。37. limit v./n. 限制,限定例句We need to limit the amount of sugar we eat.我们需要限制糖的摄入量。There's a speed limit on this road.这条路有限速。常见搭配set a limit 设定限制go beyond the limit 超出限制no limit 没有限制易错易考点limit既可作动词也可作名词。表示“限制”、“界限”。38. careless adj. 不小心的,粗心的,疏忽的例句He made a careless mistake.他犯了一个粗心的错误。Don't be careless with your money.不要粗心大意地花钱。常见搭配careless driving 粗心驾驶careless mistake 粗心错误易错易考点careless是形容词,表示“粗心的”。反义词是careful。39. aware adj. 注意到的,察觉到的例句Are you aware of the risks 你意识到风险了吗?I became aware of someone watching me.我察觉到有人在看着我。常见搭配be aware of 意识到become aware of 察觉到fully aware 完全意识到易错易考点aware是形容词,常与be动词连用。后接of或that从句。40. cheat v. 欺诈,欺骗例句Don't cheat on the exam.不要在考试中作弊。He cheated me out of my money.他骗走了我的钱。常见搭配cheat on an exam 考试作弊cheat sheet 作弊小抄cheat death 逃过一劫易错易考点cheat既可作动词也可作名词。表示“欺骗”、“作弊”。41. trust v./n. 信任,信赖,相信例句I trust him completely.我完全信任他。She has a lot of trust in her friends.她非常信任她的朋友。常见搭配trust in 信任build trust 建立信任break trust 破坏信任易错易考点trust既可作动词也可作名词。表示“信任”、“信赖”。42. enemy n. 敌人例句They are our enemies.他们是我们的敌人。He made an enemy of his former friend.他把以前的朋友变成了敌人。常见搭配common enemy 共同的敌人sworn enemy 死敌make an enemy of 与...为敌易错易考点enemy是可数名词。指敌对的人或国家。43. behave v. 表现例句The children behaved well.孩子们表现得很好。How should I behave at the party 我在派对上应该怎么表现?常见搭配behave oneself 表现得体behave badly 表现不好behave like 表现得像易错易考点behave是动词,表示“表现”、“行为”。名词形式是behavior。44. cyberbullying n. 网络霸凌(欺凌)例句Cyberbullying is a serious problem among teenagers.网络霸凌是青少年中一个严重的问题。We need to educate people about cyberbullying.我们需要教育人们关于网络霸凌的知识。常见搭配prevent cyberbullying 预防网络霸凌cyberbullying awareness 网络霸凌意识易错易考点cyberbullying是不可数名词。指通过互联网或电子设备进行的欺凌行为 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源预览