资源简介

Study without thinking leads to confusion; thinking without study ends in puzzlement. — Confucius
Welcome to the unit
知识梳理：
①a time of... 一段……时光/时期
②a bit 、a little 在肯定句中修饰动词、形容词、副词和比较级时可以互换，表示“一点儿”意思。
a little可以直接作定语修饰不可数名词，而a bit则要在后面加of构成短语才能作定语，后面可以接不可数名词，也可以接可数名词，且a little则没有这种变体。
其次，a bit和a little在否定句中的意思恰恰相反：not a bit意为“一点也不”，相当于“not at all”；not a little意为“非常”，相当于“very much”或“extremely”。
③plan to do sth 计划做某事
④spend time on sth.在某事/某物上花时间 spend time (in) doing sth.花时间做某事
⑤What do you think of … ( = How do you like… = How do you feel about… ) 你认为……怎么样
⑥so far 到目前为止(常与现在完成时连用)
⑦do well in…在……方面做得好
Reading
知识梳理：
1、experience [U]经验；阅历 v.经历，经受→experienced adj.有经验的,熟练的
an unforgettable experience 一个难忘的经历 have experience in （doing） sth. 做某事有经验
be experienced in (doing) sth.在(做)某事方面有经验
2、senior / si ni (r)/ adj.级别高的；老年的 n. 级别（或地位）较高者；较···年长的人；高水平运动员
senior high = senior high school →反：junior high school 初级中学
be senior to sb. 比某人级别高；比某人年长→反：be junior to 比…级别低；比…小
be...year(s) senior to sb. 比某人年长....岁→反：be...year(s) junior to sb.
特别提醒:senior 和 junior本身已含有比较意义，所以无比较级和最高级形式。表示比较时其后用 to而不用 than。
3、promising /'pr m s / adj.有希望的 promising future 有希望的未来
4、potential /p 'ten l/ n. 潜力；可能性adj. 潜在的，可能的
have the potential to do sth. 有做某事的潜力 realize /achieve one's potential 发挥某人的潜力
the potential for (doing) sth. 做某事的可能性
5、path /pɑ θ/ n. [C] 道路;小路;成功的途径
6、lead to 在此意为"通向"。 lead to还可意为"导致"。to是介词。
7、challenge n.[C,U]挑战vt. 挑战；质疑→challenging adj. 挑战性的；挑起争论的→challenger n. 挑战者
the challenge of doing sth. 做某事的挑战 accept/take up a challenge 接受挑战
face a challenge 面临挑战 meet a challenge 迎接挑战
challenge sb.to (do) sth.
8、thinking/'θ k / n. [U] 思维,思想;想法 ways of thinking思维方式
9、positive/ p z t v/ adj. 积极乐观的; 良好的→ positively adv. 肯定地; 乐观地→反 negative adj. 消极的
be positive about 对...积极 a positive mind 积极的心态
have a positive attitude towards / to…对…持积极态度 have a positive effect on对…有积极影响
10、opportunity / p tju n ti/ n. 机会，时机 have the opportunity to 有机会做....
11、lie in 存在于，在于；位于 = be located in... = be situated in...
过去式 过去分词 现在分词
lay lain lying
lied lied lying
laid laid laying
12、rise to 能够处理 rise to the challenge 接受挑战,奋起迎战
13、acquire / kwa (r)/ vt. 获得，得到 acquire knowledge 获得知识
14、effort / ef t/ n. 努力，费力的事；试图 →反：effortless adj. 不费力气的；应付自如的
make every effort to do sth努力做某事 spare no effort to do sth.不遗余力地做某事
put effort into sth. 在……上花力气 with (an) effort 费力地 without effor毫不费力地
in an effort to do sth. 为了做某事 through one’s effort 通过某人的努力
15、put simply = to put it simply 简而言之
16、advance n. 行进, 前进; 进步vt. & vi. 发展, 进步→ advanced adj. 先进的; 高级的 medical advances 医学进步
make an advance(s) in… 取得进步，进展 in advance 预先，提前 in advance of… 比…进步，在…前面
17、amazing / me z /adj.令人大为惊奇的→ amazed adj.大为惊奇的→ amaze vt. 使吃惊；惊讶→ amazement n. 惊异
an amazing change 一个令人震惊的改变
be amazed at sth. 对某事感到惊讶 be amazed to do sth. 因做某事而感到惊讶
in amazement 惊奇地 to one's amazement/surprise 令某人惊讶的是
18、confidence n. 信心; 信任; 把握→ confident adj. 自信的; 确信的→ confidently adv. 自信地
have/show(lack) confidence in.... 对...有信心 be confident about/of... 对某事有把握 with confidence 自信的
19、make a difference 起作用;有影响
make a big /no difference to (prep) 对…有很大的/ 没有影响/作用 tell the difference 辨别差异(between A and B)
It makes a difference (to sb.)+wh-从句……(对某人来说)有影响/有关系
make some/much difference (to sb./sth.)(对某人/某物)有一些/很大影响
make little/no difference (to sb./sth.) (对某人/某物)几乎没有/没有影响
20、make the most of充分利用，尽情享受 put...to good use=take full advantage of=make full use of=make good use of
21、resource /r s s/ n. 资源；资料；谋略 school resource 学校资源
22、take advantage of 利用→advantage n. 优势→反：disadvantage
have an advantage over占优势，胜过 be at an advantage 占优势 have the advantage of 具有...的有利条件
to sb's advantage 对某人有利
23、facility /f s l ti/ n. 设施，设备；场所
24、equal adj. 相等的；平等的；能胜任的n. 同等的人(物) linking v． 与……相等vt.比得上
→ equality n. 相等；平等 → equally adv. 相等地；平等地；同样地
without equal＝have no equal 无与伦比 be equal to sb/sth 等于；胜任(做)某事 be equal in... 在…方面相同
25、attitude n.态度，看法attitude 前常用 good, bad,positive, negative(消极的)等形容词修饰。
an attitude to/ toward(s)...对······的态度/看法
adopt/ have/ take a(n)… attitude to/ toward(s)…对……持……态度
26、goal n.[C]目标;目的 set a goal 树立目标 achieve/ reach/ realize one's goal 达到/实现某人的目标
n.[C]球门;(进球)得分 score a goal 进一球 keep goal 守门
27、balance n. 均衡; 平衡能力 vt. 同等重视; (使)保持平衡; → balanced adj. 平衡的→ imbalance n. 不平衡
keep/lose one's balance 保持/失去平衡 keep a balance between A and B 保持A和B的平衡
balance A with/and B 使A和B平衡 balance A against B 权衡AB keep a balanced diet 有一个均衡的饮食
28、improve / m pru v/ vt. & vi. 改进，改善 communication and problem-solving skills 沟通和解决问题的技能
29、last but not least 最后但同样重要的
30、look on the bright side(对坏情况)持乐观态度，看到光明的一面
31、in time 在此意为"最后,经过一段时间之后,迟早"。in time 还可意为"及时"。
32、well-rounded / wel ra nd d/ adj. 全面发展的；面面俱到的
33、individual / nd v d u l/ n. 个人 adj. 单独的，个别的
34、character n. 品质；特点；人物；文字→characterize v. 是…的特征；描述→characteristic adj. 特有的；n. 特征
character building 性格培养;性格塑造 the major/ leading character 主角 Chinese characters 汉字
35、responsible adj. 有责任；可靠的→ responsibility n. 责任；义务→ responsibly adv. 负责地，可信赖地
be responsible for ... 对……负责 shoulder/take responsibility for 对……有责任
It is one's responsibility to do .. 做……是某人的责任 a sense of responsibility 责任感
句型分析
1、I can't wait to describe to you what senior high school life is like.
what引导宾语从句，并在从句中作介词like的宾语
2、When you rise to the challenges, you will have the opportunity to acquire great knowledge and enjoy personal growth.
to acquire great knowledge and enjoy personal growth 不定式短语作opportunity的后置定语
3、Put simply, potential is your natural ability that can be developed when you try hard enough.
that can be developed when you try hard enough that引导定语从句，修饰your natural ability，that在从句中作主语，该定语从句中包含一个when引导的时间状语从句
4、Who knows what beautiful works of art you will create, what medical advances you will make or what amazing technologies you will develop!
三个what引导的宾语从句构成平行结构，均作knows的宾语
5、To fully realize your potential, it is important for you to make the most of our school resources.
To fully realize your potential 动词不定式作目的状语；it is/ was + adj.+ for sb.+ to do sth. "句型。it 是形式主语,真正的主语为 to make...resources, for引出不定式的逻辑主语 you。
重点句型：
it is/ was + adj.+ for sb.+ to do sth. (对某人来说)做某事是……的。
It是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式。用于该句型的常见形容词: necessary, important, easy, difficult, hard,dangerous, possible等表示事物的属性、特征的词。
It is/ was+ adj.( + of sb.) + to do sth. "(某人)做某事是……的"。
It是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式。形容词常是 kind，nice，good, clever, wrong, foolish, careless, polite等表示人的性格、品质的词。
6、Of equal importance are good study habits, useful skills and a positive attitude.
本句为倒装句，主语是good study habits, useful skills and a positive attitude，因主语较长，使用倒装可以使句子更加平衡，突出作者想要表达的内容。正常语序应该是“Good study habits, useful skills and a positive attitude are of equal importance.”其中of equal importance 是“of+n.”结构，相当于equally important。
重要句型：
(一)表语提前引起的全部倒装：为保持句子平衡(主语较长)或使上下文衔接紧密，或为了强调表语，句子可用全部倒装，即可把作表语的形容词、副词或介词短语提到句首，并把句子的主语和谓语倒装。
(二)"of+名词"结构 ：" of+名词"结构可在句中作表语、后置定语和宾语补足语。该结构可分为两类：
(1)可以转化为同根形容词的：此时，"of+名词"结构用来说明句子主语或所修饰词具有的作用、重要性或意义等。这类名词有value, use, importance, help, benefit 等。 名词前可用 no, some, any,little, much, great等词修饰,表明程度。
特别提醒
常见的" of+名词"和同根形容词的转换如下：
be of importance = be important 重要的 be of help= be helpful 有帮助的
be of use = be useful 有用的 be of benefit = be beneficial 有益的
be of value= be valuable 宝贵的,很有用的
(2)不可以转化为形容词的：此时，"of+名词"结构用来说明句子主语或所修饰词在重量、大小、颜色、类别等方面的特征。这类名词有color, size, age, height, weight, shape, type, kind, price, quality(质量)等,名词前可用 different, the same, a(n)等来修饰。
7、In time you will find yourself growing into a well-rounded individual.
find yourself growing “find+宾语+宾补”结构，yourself与grow之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词作宾补。
重要句型
" find+宾语+现在分词(短语)"结构：" find+宾语+宾补"结构的一种，意为"发现……正在……"，宾语与构成现在分词的动词之间是逻辑上的主谓关系。
拓展
(1) find+宾语+形容词/副词 (2) find+宾语+名词/介词短语
(3)find+宾语+过去分词(短语)(宾语与构成过去分词的动词之间是逻辑上的动宾关系)
8、As Lao-Tzu wisely said, " A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step. "
As引导的非限制性定语从句，As指代整个主语。
书本练习部分知识梳理
A Understanding the text
topic/'t p k/n.[C]话题,题目 topic sentence 主题句
at the beginning of…在……的开头
in the middle of... 在······的中间
at the end of...在······的末尾
rhetorical /rI't rIkl/ devices 修辞手法
①明喻(simile)：直接把一物同某种与其具有同一性质或特点的另一物相比较，常用比喻词 as，like，seem等。它是比喻的一种。
如：The moon is like a silver coin. 月亮就像一枚银币。
②隐喻(metaphor)：间接地把一物同与其具有某种相似点的另一物相比较，不用比喻词。它也是比喻的一种。
如：If dreams die, life is a broken winged bird that can not fly.假如梦想消亡,生命就像鸟儿折断了翅膀,再也不能飞翔。
③引用(quotation)：话语或文章中运用现成的词句或典故来表达意思，一般在所引用的原文部分用双引号来标示。
如：As the saying goes, "A friend in need is a friend indeed. "正如一句俗语所言:"患难朋友才是真朋友。"
④重复(repetition)：通过连续使用同样的词句，以同类事物的积累而造成深刻的印象来表示强调的一种修辞手段。
如：She thought and thought and thought and couldn't go to sleep.她思来想去,难以成眠。
How does the principal try to keep his audience interested keep+宾语+宾补（interested）
B Building your language
ahead/ hed/ adv. （时间、空间）向前；提前 in the years ahead 在未来几年
be very careful about 对...非常注意
junior / d u ni (r)/ adj. （学校）为 11 或 13岁以下儿童设立的；地位（或级别）低的；青少年的
n. 职位较低者；青少年运动员
forward / f w d/ adv. 向将来；向前；进展，前进 look forward to doing sth. 期待做某事
independent / nd pend nt/ adj. 自主的，有主见的；自立的
add …… to …把……加到……
leave out 不包括,不提及
parallel structures平行结构
powerful/'pa fl/adj.有感染力的；强有力的，很有效的→power n.[U]影响力；能力
10、effective/I'fektIv/adj.有效的；起作用的
11、I' ve been told that schoolwork will present more of a(n) challenge in the years ahead, and that the teachers will hold us to higher standards. told 后跟两个由 that引导的宾语从句，第一个 that可以省略，第二个 that不能省略。
引导宾语从句的 that的省略情况：
当某一动词后接两个或两个以上 that引导的宾语从句时，第一个 that可以省略，但第二个及以后的 that均不能省略。
12、There is so much knowledge I need to acquire,定语从句，修饰先行词 knowledge，关系词在定语从句中作宾语，故可以省略。
13、I have confidence in my ability to do well at senior high school! 不定式短语作后置定语，修饰ability
练习：
I单词拼写(用本部分所学单词)
1、In a word,p thinking is a powerful tool for dealing with hard times and improving the quality of one's life.
2、Childhood experiences often play a big part in shaping one's c ·
3、Parents need to encourage kids to realize their p without putting too much pressure on them.
4、We are almost certain to get knocked down( 击 倒 ) at some point during the process of achieving our g .
5、It took him a long time to (获得) the skills he needed to become a good dancer.
6、Producing food that no one eats wastes the water,fuel,and other (资源)used to grow it.
7、It's kind of hard to find a (平衡) between what you have to do and what you want to do.
8、Believe it or not,some (个人)are born with a gift for public speaking.
9、In the Chinese class,our teacher creates an environment where we are given the (机会)to solve problems by ourselves.
10、It’s a good idea to take advantage of the (设施)in our communities to keep fit.
Ⅱ词形转换
1、 n.挑战 vt. 向…挑战；对…表示怀疑-- n.挑战者-- adj.挑战性的
2、amaze vt.使惊奇-- adj.惊人的，了不起的-- adj.大为惊奇的-- n.惊奇，惊诧
3、 adj.自信的；确信-- n.信心，自信心-- adv.自信地
4、 adj.相等的；平等的；能胜任的vt.比得上n.相等物，同等的人-- n.平等，相等
5、 vt.权衡重要性；vt.&vi.使保持平衡 n.平衡；平衡能力-- adj.平衡的
6、 adj.有责任的，负责-- n.责任，义务-- adv.认真负责地-- adj.不负责任的
7、depend vi.依靠-- adj.依赖的-- n.依赖，依靠-- adj.独立的，自立的-- n.独立
Ⅲ语法填空（在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。）
1、It's a (challenge) job but I'm sure you' ll prove yourself equal it.
2、The local communities are making efforts (solve) the parking problem with digital technologies.
3、His hard work gave him a big advantage other classmates.
4、Taking pictures of polar bears is (amaze) but also dangerous.
5、All his friends’ encouragement added to his confidence winning the game.
6、Healthy eating starts with having a healthy attitude food.
7、A (balance) diet and proper exercise are both important if you want to lose weight.
8、I'm looking forward to (communicate) with the professor after the lecture.
9、Jack is the manager of the project. He is responsible the whole project. If anything goes wrong, he will take on (responsible) for it.
10、Mr Green has worked for nearly 20 years, so he is senior most of his workmates.
11、Eventually, you will lead your own life as a completely (dependent) adult.
12、Thanks to advances technology, we can provide our customers with more satisfying products and services.
IV用方框内短语的适当形式填空(有两项为多余选项)
rise to make a difference make the most of lie in last but not least in advance look forward to
1、It's my first trip abroad so I'm going to it.
2、Adam probably doesn't know it, but his kindness really to us kids.
3、The problem how to find the right people to do the job.
4、 , when you find problems that defeat you, turn to your teachers for help.
5、Hotel rooms are difficult to find during the holiday season. You'd better book one .
V完成句子
1 这是我第一次在舞台上表演。舞台前是我兴奋的同学们。
It was the first time that I had performed on the stage. my excited classmates.(全部倒装)
2 史密斯先生告诉我们这场讲座非常重要，不允许任何人迟到。
Mr Smith told us the lecture was very important and .(宾语从句)
3 任何形式的阅读都是有用的，应该予以鼓励。
Reading in all forms and should be encouraged.(" of+抽象名词"结构)
4 老师早上七点走进教室，他发现玛丽正在大声朗读。["find+宾语+现在分词(短语)"结构]
The teacher came into the classroom at 7:00 a. m., and he .
5 对一个十岁的孩子来说，这篇文章是难以理解的。(" It is+ adj.+ for sb. + to do sth. "句型)
this article.
答案：
Ⅰ.单词拼写(用本部分所学单词)
1. positive 2. character 3. potential 4. goal(s)
5. acquire 6. resources 7. balance 8. individuals
9. opportunity 10. facilities
Ⅱ.词形转换
1. challenge; challenger; challenging
2. amazing; amazed; amazement
3. confident; confidence; confidently
4. equal; equality; equally; unequal
5. balance; balanced; unbalanced; imbalance; imbalanced
6. responsible; responsibility; responsibly; irresponsible
7. dependent; dependence; independent; independence
Ⅲ.语法填空
1. challenging; to 2. to solve 3. over 4. amazing 5. in
6.to/ toward(s) 7.balanced 8.communicating
9. for; responsibility 10. to 11. independent 12. in
Ⅳ.用方框内短语的适当形式填空(有两项为多余选项)
1. make the most of 2. makes a difference 3. lies in
4. Last but not least 5. in advance
V.完成句子
1. In front of the stage were
2. that no one was allowed to be late
3. is of use
4. found Mary reading out aloud
5. It is difficult for a ten-year-old child to understand

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