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(共15张PPT)
The steam engine
Thomas Newcomen and the invention of the first steam engine
This is the Newcomen’s engine, which was invented in 1712 by Thomas Newcomen. With its use of a piston, cylinder and boiler, it was the very first steam engine. Newcomen invented it to help people mine for metals and coal at greater depths.
Watt’s improvement of Newcomen’s design
People often consider James Watt the inventor of the steam engine. Few people know that he simply improved on Thomas Newcomen’s original design. Watt’s improvement to Newcomen’s design increased the power of the engine.This new steam engine could be used in many more ways. It could power trains and ships, and it could also be used in factories.
The steam engine and the Industrial Revolution
Watt added wheels and cogs to his steam engine, and this made it useful in train locomotives and steamboats. His invention in turn played a huge role in what is now known as the Industrial Revolution.
Interesting facts:
James Watt invented the term “horsepower”. He recorded the weight a group of ponies could lift. This became a single unit. He then compared this to the weight his steam engine could lift. This made his machine’s power sound even more impressive!
The unit of power known as the “watt” is also named after James Watt.
Pre-reading
Look at the two pictures. What kind of machine is it
Look and answer.
Pre-reading
K (What I know) W (What I want to know) L (What I have learnt)

Share what you know and what you want to know about the steam engine.
Pre-reading
Look at the pictures on page 64 and match the nouns with their meanings.
(1) piston A. the place where water is heated until it turns into steam
(2) cylinder B. a metal plate moved back and forth by steam
(3) boiler C. the place where the steam moves the piston
(4) steam engine D. a wheel with teeth around which can turn each other and help machines move
(5) cog E. the part of a train that pulls the rest of the train with it
(6) locomotive F. an engine that turns heat energy into motion energy（动能）
B
C
A
F
D
E
While-reading
Complete the notes about the invention and the development of the steam engine.
Invention
Improvement
Significance
(1)__________________ invented the first steam engine in (2)______. It helped people (3)_______________________ ______________________________.
(4)____________ improved on the original design. His improvement increased the (5)_______ of the engine. This new steam engine could (6)_____________________, and it could also (7)____________________.
(8)________________ were added to the steam engine by (9)______ and it was useful in (10)________________ and (11)___________. The invention played a huge role in (12)______________________.
Thomas Newcomen
1712
mine for metals and coal at greater depth
James Watt
power
power trains and ships
be used in factories
Wheels and cogs
Watt
steamboats
train locomotives
the Industrial Revolution
While-reading
Research online and complete the table below.
Horsepower (hp) Watt (W)
Where does the name come from
What do we use it for
While-reading
Research online and complete the table below.
Horsepower (hp) Watt (W)
Where does the name come from James Watt invented the term. He used it to compare steam engines with horses. It was named after James Watt.
What do we use it for We use it to measure the power of engines. We use it to measure power, especially electric power.
Post-reading
K (What I know) W (What I want to know) L (What I have learnt)

Share what you have learnt about the steam engine with your classmates.
Post-reading
Role-play
Imagine you are living in England in the 1800s.Role-play an interview: one student plays the role of a journalist, and the other choose one of the roles below. You can use the questions below to help you.
Roles:
James Watt
a factory worker
a factory owner
Questions:
What was your life like before the steam engine
How did the steam engine change your life
Further thinking
(Possible answers: They are always curious about everything. They are good at noticing problems. They aren’t afraid of failure …)
Discuss in groups.
Do you know about the development of other inventions Who contributed to them
What characteristics do great inventors have in common
Self-assessment
评价内容 评分（1–5）
1. 我能了解蒸汽机的各部件名称和基本事实。 1 2 3 4 5
2. 我能利用时间轴理解蒸汽机的发展历程。 1 2 3 4 5
3. 我能联系日常生活和物理学科比较两个功率单位。 1 2 3 4 5
4. 我能理解发明精神，向发明家们学习。 1 2 3 4 5
Homework
基础作业
请根据以下提示，写一篇小短文，描述蒸汽机的发明与发展对工业革命的影响。
提示：
蒸汽机的发明
蒸汽机的发展
蒸汽机的影响
拓展作业
选择一位发明家（如瓦特），查找相关资料，介绍他/她的生平和贡献，并讨论这位发明家的精神如何激励现代创新者。
THANK YOU

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