Unit 8 Let's Communicate单元语法讲练if条件句(含答案解析)—新人教八年级上册

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Unit 8 Let's Communicate单元语法讲练if条件句(含答案解析)—新人教八年级上册

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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 8 Let’s Communicate!单元语法讲练
If 引导的条件状语从句
条件状语从句表示主句动作发生的前提或条件。If 是引导条件状语从句最常见的关键词,意为“如果”。
一、 核心规则:主将从现
if 从句: 用一般现在时表示将来。
主句: 用一般将来时 (will/shall/be going to...)
基本结构:If + 主语 + 动词的一般现在时..., 主语 + will/shall/be going to + 动词原形...
If it rains tomorrow, we will cancel the picnic.
(如果明天下雨,我们将取消野餐。)
o if 从句:it rains (一般现在时)
o 主句:we will cancel (一般将来时)
If you don't hurry, you will be late for school.
(如果你不快点,你上学就会迟到。)
o if 从句:you don't hurry (一般现在时)
o 主句:you will be (一般将来时)
If he comes, I will tell him the news.
(如果他来了,我会告诉他这个消息。)
o if 从句:he comes (一般现在时,第三人称单数)
o 主句:I will tell (一般将来时)
二、 主句的其他形式
主句除了用 will 表示将来,还可以根据语境使用情态动词 (can, may, must, should...) 或祈使句。
1. 主句是情态动词:
o If you feel tired, you should have a rest.
(如果你觉得累,你应该休息一下。)
o If you finish your homework, you can play video games.
(如果你完成了作业,你就可以玩电子游戏。)
2. 主句是祈使句(表示命令、请求、建议):
o If you see him, please give him this book.
(如果你见到他,请把这本书给他。)
o If you have time, come to my party.
(如果你有时间,来参加我的派对吧。)
三、 时态特例
在“主将从现”的大原则下,有几种特殊情况:
1. 主句是过去将来时:
如果主句动作发生在过去,则主句用过去将来时 (would/should/was going to...),if 从句仍用一般过去时。
o He said if he had time, he would come.
(他说如果有时间他就会来。)
2. 表示客观真理或习惯动作:
如果条件句表示的是客观真理或习惯性动作,主句和从句都用一般现在时。
o If you heat ice, it turns into water.
(如果你给冰加热,它会变成水。) (客观真理)
o If it rains, I usually stay at home.
(如果下雨,我通常呆在家里。) (习惯动作)
四、 位置问题
if 条件从句可以放在主句之前或之后。
从句在前: if 从句后面要加逗号。
o If you study hard, you will pass the exam.
从句在后: 主句后面不加逗号。
o You will pass the exam if you study hard.
五、 unless 的用法
unless 意为“除非,如果不”,相当于 if...not。在引导条件状语从句时,它也遵循“主将从现”的原则。
You will fail the exam if you don't study hard.
→ You will fail the exam unless you study hard.
(除非你努力学习,否则你考试会不及格。)
巩固练习 (50题)
I. 单项选择
1. If it ________ fine tomorrow, we will go hiking.
A. is B. was C. will be D. has been
2. You will be late for school ________ you don't get up early.
A. if B. when C. because D. though
3. I will tell her the news if I ________ her.
A. will see B. see C. saw D. am seeing
4. If he ________ to the party, I will be very happy.
A. will come B. comes C. came D. has come
5. ________ you work harder, you will not pass the exam.
A. If B. Unless C. When D. After
6. If you ________ this button, the machine will start.
A. press B. pressed C. will press D. are pressing
7. What will you do if you ________ the first prize
A. win B. won C. will win D. are winning
8. If it ________ rain, the flowers will grow better.
A. will B. is C. does D. has
9. I don't know if it ________ tomorrow.
A. will rain B. rains C. rained D. is raining
10. Please call me if you ________ any help.
A. will need B. need C. needed D. are needing
11. If you ________ quiet, I'll tell you a story.
A. are B. were C. will be D. have been
12. He will come to see us if he ________ time next Sunday.
A. will have B. has C. had D. is having
13. Unless you ________ harder, you will fail.
A. will work B. work C. worked D. are working
14. If you ________ to the zoo, you will see many animals.
A. go B. will go C. went D. have gone
15. I will go swimming with you if I ________ free this afternoon.
A. will be B. am C. was D. have been
II. 用所给动词的适当形式填空
16. If he ________ (come), please let me know.
17. We will go fishing if it ________ (not rain) tomorrow.
18. If you ________ (not study) hard, you ________ (not pass) the exam.
19. I ________ (give) the book to him if I ________ (see) him.
20. If you ________ (feel) sick, you should see a doctor.
21. She will be angry if you ________ (break) her glass.
22. If you ________ (finish) your homework, you can watch TV.
23. What ________ you ________ (do) if you ________ (have) a lot of money
24. Unless it ________ (snow) heavily, the school won't be closed.
25. If he ________ (arrive) late, we ________ (start) without him.
III. 句型转换
26. Work hard, and you will succeed. (改为同义句)
→ ________ ________ work hard, you will succeed.
27. You will be late. You don't hurry up. (用if合并为一句)
→ You will be late ________ you ________ hurry up.
28. I will go to the park. It will be fine tomorrow. (用if合并为一句)
→ I will go to the park ________ ________ fine tomorrow.
29. You will fail the exam. You don't work hard. (用unless合并为一句)
→ You will fail the exam ________ you ________ hard.
30. If you don't leave now, you will be late. (改为同义句)
→ ________ you ________ now, you will be late.
31. If it is sunny, we usually play football. (对划线部分提问)
→ ________ ________ you usually ________ if it is sunny
32. He will come. I think so. (合并为含有if从句的复合句)
→ I think he will come ________ he ________ time.
IV. 完形填空(用所给词的适当形式填空)
A Picnic Plan
We are going to have a picnic tomorrow. But we are not sure about the weather. (33) ________ it ________ (rain) tomorrow, we (34) ________ (not have) the picnic. (35) ________ it ________ (be) sunny, we (36) ________ (go) to the park.
What (37) ________ we ________ (do) if we go We (38) ________ (play) games and (39) ________ (fly) kites. We (40) ________ (have) a great time if the weather (41) ________ (be) good.
But if it (42) ________ (rain), we (43) ________ (stay) at home. Then we (44) ________ (watch) a movie or (45) ________ (play) chess. We (46) ________ (be) disappointed if we (47) ________ (can not) go.
So, I really hope it (48) ________ (not rain) tomorrow. (49) ________ you ________ (come) to my house if it is fine Please call me and let me know what you (50) ________ (do).
V. 改错题
51. If it will be sunny tomorrow, we will go to the beach. ________________
52. I will tell her if I will see her. ________________
53. Unless it will not rain, the game will be played. ________________
54. If you will work hard, you will succeed. ________________
55. What will you do if you will win the lottery ________________
练习题答案与解析
I. 单项选择
1. A 【解析】if 引导的条件状语从句,用一般现在时 (is) 表示将来。
2. A 【解析】句意为“如果你不早起,你上学就会迟到。”,表示条件,用 if。
3. B 【解析】if 从句中,用一般现在时 (see) 表示将来。
4. B 【解析】if 从句中,用一般现在时 (第三人称单数 comes) 表示将来。
5. B 【解析】句意为“除非你更努力地学习,否则你考试会不及格。”,unless = if not。
6. A 【解析】if 从句中,用一般现在时 (press) 表示将来。
7. A 【解析】if 从句中,用一般现在时 (win) 表示将来。
8. C 【解析】此处 does 是助动词,代替实义动词 rains,避免重复。完整形式是 if it rains。
9. A 【解析】此句中的 if 意为“是否”,引导宾语从句。根据时间状语 tomorrow,从句要用一般将来时。
10. B 【解析】if 从句中,用一般现在时 (need) 表示将来。主句是祈使句。
11. A 【解析】if 从句中,系动词用一般现在时 (are) 表示将来。
12. B 【解析】if 从句中,用一般现在时 (第三人称单数 has) 表示将来。
13. B 【解析】unless 引导的条件状语从句,同样遵循“主将从现”,用一般现在时 (work)。
14. A 【解析】if 从句中,用一般现在时 (go) 表示将来。
15. B 【解析】if 从句中,系动词用一般现在时 (am) 表示将来。
II. 用所给动词的适当形式填空
es 【解析】if 从句,主句是祈使句,从句用一般现在时 (三单)。
17. doesn't rain 【解析】if 从句,用一般现在时表示将来,否定形式。
18. don't study; won't pass 【解析】if 从句用一般现在时,主句用一般将来时。
19. will give; see 【解析】主句用一般将来时,if 从句用一般现在时。
20. feel 【解析】if 从句,用一般现在时表示将来。主句有情态动词 should。
21. break 【解析】if 从句,用一般现在时表示将来。
22. finish 【解析】if 从句,用一般现在时表示将来。主句有情态动词 can。
23. will; do; have 【解析】主句用一般将来时,if 从句用一般现在时。
24. snows 【解析】unless 从句,用一般现在时 (三单) 表示将来。
25. arrives; will start 【解析】if 从句用一般现在时 (三单),主句用一般将来时。
III. 句型转换
26. If you 【解析】“祈使句 + and + 简单句” 可转换为 “If you..., you will...”。
27. if; don't 【解析】合并成条件状语从句。
28. if it is 【解析】合并成条件状语从句,从句用一般现在时。
29. unless; work 【解析】unless = if not。
30. Unless; leave 【解析】Unless you leave now = If you don't leave now。
31. What do; do 【解析】对做什么提问,主句是习惯性动作,用一般现在时。
32. if; has 【解析】补充条件,从句用一般现在时 (三单)。
IV. 完形填空
33. If; rains 【解析】条件从句,用一般现在时 (三单)。
34. will not/won't have 【解析】主句,用一般将来时。
35. If; is 【解析】条件从句,系动词用一般现在时。
36. will go 【解析】主句,用一般将来时。
37. will; do 【解析】主句,用一般将来时提问。
38. will play 【解析】主句,用一般将来时。
39. fly 【解析】与 play 并列,共用 will。
40. will have 【解析】主句,用一般将来时。
41. is 【解析】条件从句,系动词用一般现在时。
42. rains 【解析】条件从句,用一般现在时 (三单)。
43. will stay 【解析】主句,用一般将来时。
44. will watch 【解析】主句,用一般将来时。
45. play 【解析】与 watch 并列,共用 will。
46. will be 【解析】主句,用一般将来时。
47. cannot 【解析】条件从句,情态动词用一般现在时。
48. doesn't rain 【解析】hope 的宾语从句,用一般将来时或一般现在时均可。此处用一般现在时表示将来。
49. Will; come 【解析】主句,用一般将来时提问。
50. will do 【解析】宾语从句,询问将来的打算,用一般将来时。
V. 改错题
51. If it will be sunny tomorrow, we will go to the beach.
→ If it is sunny tomorrow, we will go to the beach.
【解析】if 条件句中,不能用 will,应用一般现在时表示将来。
52. I will tell her if I will see her.
→ I will tell her if I see her.
【解析】if 条件句中,不能用 will,应用一般现在时表示将来。
53. Unless it will not rain, the game will be played.
→ Unless it rains, the game will be played. 或 If it does not rain, the game will be played.
【解析】unless 本身就表示“如果不”,后面不再加 not。且条件句中不能用 will。
54. If you will work hard, you will succeed.
→ If you work hard, you will succeed.
【解析】if 条件句中,不能用 will,应用一般现在时表示将来。
55. What will you do if you will win the lottery
→ What will you do if you win the lottery
【解析】if 条件句中,不能用 will,应用一般现在时表示将来。
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