资源简介

(共78张PPT)
Period 5　
UNIT 1　SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS
主题语境
人与社会——对社会有突出贡献的人物
1．Why did Qian Xuesen transfer to aviation
A．He liked to be a pilot after graduation．
B．He realised that China needed a strong air force．
C．He wanted to go to Shanghai．
D．He disliked railway mechanical engineering．
课时练案 课文整体教学(Using Language)
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2．Why did Qian Xuesen come back to China
A．He wanted to serve his country．
B．He met with difficulties in America．
C．He was a hero in China．
D．He missed his family．
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3．What proved Hawking's work on the big bang theory
A．Communicating with Fred Hoyle．
B．Observing the stars．
C．Telescopes used by astronomers．
D．Two main theories．
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4．What helped Hawking in his fight against the disease
A．Cleverness． 　　　　　
B．Dreams．
C．Determination．
D．Physics．
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1．abstract adj．抽象的；理论上的 n．(文献等的)摘要 v．把……抽象出；提取
①(教材原句)Since he came down with a disease which caused him to lose the use of most of his muscles, his world became one of abstract thought． ____________
②It is possible to abstract several good points from his discussion．
______________________
③There is a section at the end of the magazine, which includes abstracts of recent articles． __________________
adj．抽象的
v．把……抽象出；提取
n．(文献等的)摘要
2．concrete n．混凝土 adj．混凝土制的；确实的；具体的
①(教材原句)...it suddenly becomes hard as concrete． __________
②Your decision must be transformed into concrete action．
___________________
③They live in lifeless concrete apartments． ________________
n．混凝土
adj．确实的；具体的
adj．混凝土制的
1．(学会断句) Described by the authors of the Story of Qian Xuesen /as a man with “great scientific thought and scientific spirit” /who was patriotic and served his homeland with effort，achievement, and devotion, Qian was an extremely well-respected man．
[分析]　本句是一个复合句。Described by the authors...是过去分词短语作____，who引导____从句，修饰a man。
[翻译]_____________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
状语
定语
钱学森备受人们尊敬，《钱学森的故事》一书的作者称他是
一位具有“伟大科学思想和科学精神”的人，并且他热爱祖国、勤
勉努力、甘于奉献、成就斐然。
2．(学会断句)However, after the Songhu Battle broke out in 1932, Qian made the decision to switch his major to aviation /because he realised /that China needed its own powerful air force to protect /and defend the country．
[分析]　本句是一个复合句。after引导________从句，because引导________从句，that引导____从句，作realised的宾语。
[翻译]_____________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
时间状语
原因状语
宾语
然而，1932年淞沪会战爆发后，钱学森决定改学航空专业，
因为他意识到中国需要强大的空军来保卫国家。
1．(续写佳句)Besides being brilliant, he was brave, though sometimes careless in what he said or did．
除了才华横溢以外，他还很勇敢，尽管有时言行举止比较随意。
2．(应用文佳句)This odd combination of characteristics had made him one of the greatest thinkers of the 20th and 21st centuries．
这些性格特点的奇特组合使他成为20世纪和21世纪最伟大的思想家之一。
break away from　　　 脱离/挣脱……
break down 出故障；坏掉；失败；(身体等)
垮掉；消除
break in 插话；破门而入
break into 破门而入
break up 打碎；结束；(关系等)破裂
1．break out (战争、打斗等不愉快的事情)突然开始；爆发
[即学即练]——用break的相关短语填空/完成句子
①Only then did I realise that it was so foolish of me to_______________
my friends and never contact them．
②When the war __________，the outstanding mechanic seemed to have become another man, frustrated．
break away from
broke out
③I am terribly surprised to hear that Tom and Mary have___________，because they got married several months ago．
④众所周知，如果你不注意定期锻炼，你的身体会垮掉。
It is known to all that ________________________ if you don't pay attention to regular exercise．
broken up
your body will break down
(1)defend(...)from/against 　　 保护(……)不受……之害；
抵御……
(2)defense n． 保卫；辩护
in defense of 保卫……；为……辩护
(3)defensive adj． 防御的
2．defend v．保卫；防守；辩解
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/词汇升级
①I'd always played a _________ (defend) game, waiting for my opponent to make a mistake．
②The army will do whatever it takes to defend the motherland ___________ any invasion．
③Speaking of defending the proposal, he pointed out how much cheaper it would be．
→Speaking ___________ the proposal, he pointed out how much cheaper
it would be．
defensive
from/against
in defense of
(1)in the charge of/in sb．'s charge
由……负责
take charge of 照顾，管理，负责
free of charge 免费地
(2)charge sb．for sth． 为某物向某人收取费用
charge sb．with sth． 因某事控告某人
3．in charge of 主管；掌管
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/一句多译
①As long as you have paid in advance, we won't charge you ___ delivery．
②Six days later, the police arrested him and charged him ____ murder．
③He offered to fix bikes free ___ charge for anyone who needed it．
④Dr．Green is in charge of the ward of the hospital．
＝The ward of the hospital ________________ Dr Green．
＝Dr．Green ______________ the ward of the hospital．
for
with
of
is in the charge of
takes charge of
(1)be gifted in/at...　　　　 在……方面有天赋
(2)gift/talent n． 礼物；天赋
have a gift/talent for... 有……天赋
4．gifted adj．有天赋的；有天才的；天资聪慧的
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/一句多译
①The musician is a man of many _____ (gift), who had a gift ___ music when he was a child, and now he is gifted _____ playing the piano．
②He is a ______ (gift) pianist and has given many successful performances around the world．
gifts
for
in/at
gifted
③她为自己的两个孩子都有音乐天赋而自豪。
She is proud that both of her children___________________．(gift n．)
＝She is proud that both of her children___________________．(gifted adj．)
have a gift for music
are gifted in/at music
be one's fault　　　 是某人的过错
be at fault 有过错；有责任
find fault with 挑剔，挑……的毛病
5．fault n．弱点；缺点；过错
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①He has many ______ (fault), and cruelty is one of them known to all the people surrounding him．
②I think the shopkeeper is ___ fault for not telling me how to use the oven properly．
③如果你想要和别人相处好，就不能总是挑别人的毛病。
If you want to get along well with others, you can't always___________
___________．
faults
at
find fault
with others
[教材P7]　Perhaps no other scientist has had a greater impact on China's aerospace science than Qian Xuesen．
也许再没有哪一位科学家比钱学森对中国航天科学的影响更大了。
1． “否定词＋比较级”表示最高级含义
[句式分析]　句中no...greater...than为“否定词＋形容词/副词比较级＋than”结构，表示最高级含义。
Unfortunately，the technology of changing climate is no simpler than anything else．
不幸的是，改变气候的科技比任何事情都要复杂。
表示最高级意义的其他常见结构：
never+比较级
nothing/no+so+原级+as…
nothing/no+比较级+than…
比较级+than+
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①I have never spent a ________________ (meaningful) day in my life．
②汤姆是他班上最聪明的学生。
Tom is more intelligent ___________________________________ in his class．
③正如我们老师所说的那样，实践最重要。
As what is said by our teacher, nothing is ___________________ practice．
more meaningful
than any other student/all the other students
more important than
[教材P8]　He received a hero's welcome from his homeland and was put in charge of not only developing China's rocket science but also its space and missile programme．
他受到了祖国英雄般的欢迎，他不仅受命负责发展中国的火箭科学，还负责中国的太空和导弹项目。
2．not only...but also... 不但……而且……
[句式分析]　本句中not only...but also...意为“不但……而且……”，连接两个并列成分。
In our eyes，she is not only our teacher，but also our best friend．
在我们眼里，她不仅是我们的老师，也是我们最好的朋友。
(1)“not only...but also...”连接两个并列成分，如两个主语、宾语、状语等。
(2)“not only...but also...”连接两个分句，且“not only...”位于句首时，该句要部分倒装。
(3)“not only...but also...”连接两个词作主语时，要根据but also后的名词决定谓语动词的单复数形式，即遵循“就近一致”原则。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/一句多译
①Not only my sister and brother but also my parents ___ (be) fond of listening to pop music．
②A machine can ___ only beat you at chess, it can also outperform you in debate．
are
not
③它不仅让我们放松，而且让我们更接近大自然。
It ______________________________ got us closer to nature．
＝Not only _____________________________ got us closer to nature．
not only gave us relaxation but also
did it give us relaxation, but it also
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．According to the official, they need more troops to defend the border ___________ possible attacks．
2．Nobody knew when the fire _____ (break) out, but they knew it was put out the next morning．
against/from
broke
3．Not only __ (be) it for pleasure for old men to read newspapers, but it is also a great way to improve their minds．
4．Just occasionally he talked about his son Adrian, who was a ______ (gift) chess player．
5．There is no doubt that the news couldn't have come at a ______ (good) time．
is
gifted
better
Ⅱ．完成句子
1．战争爆发后，他毅然回到自己的祖国，参加了反侵略者的斗争。
_____________________，he resolutely returned to his motherland and took part in the fight against the invaders．
2．每当经理不在时，总是由他暂时掌管公司。
He always _________________________ temporarily when the manager is away．
After the war broke out
takes charge of the company
3．如果你在运动方面没有天赋，但仍然热衷参与，请加入志愿者小组。
If you ___________________ but still keen on participating, join the volunteer group, please．
4．在挑剔别人的游戏中获胜并不是我想要的一切。
Winning a game of ________________ others is not everything I want．
are not gifted in sports
finding fault with
Ⅲ．课文语法填空
Perhaps no other scientist has had a 1．_______ (great) impact on China's aerospace science than Qian Xuesen．He was a well-respected man, 2．____ served his homeland with effort, achievement, and devotion．Born in Shanghai in 1911, Qian attended schools in Beijing and Shanghai．In 1935, he went to the US 3．___ further study and then worked there． After 4．__________ (overcome) some difficulties, he 5．________ (return) to China in 1955, and was put in charge of developing China's rocket science as well as the space and missile
greater
who
for
overcoming
returned
programme． Faced with challenges, Qian didn't feel discouraged．
When he 6．__________ (ask) “Can we Chinese possibly make missiles？”， his reply was “Why not？” Under 7．___ (he) leadership, China developed its own missiles, rockets, and man-made satellites 8．__________ (success)． Qian was knowledgeable． However,
9．_____ made him an outstanding and creative scientist was probably his interest in other things like music and drawing, which gave him 10．___________ (inspire) in scientific research． The whole country was saddened by Qian's death in 2009．
was asked
his
successfully
what
inspiration
Ⅰ．单词拼写
1．At the sight of the _______ (彩虹), the children were more glad than their parents．
2．There is no ________ (具体的) benefit paid in response to your good deed．
课时分层作业(二)
rainbow
concrete
3．Ashok developed an intelligent teaching _________ (助手) to help handle enormous questions．
4．This difference in handling conflict could be the deciding factor on who gets promoted to a __________ (领导) position．
5．Children shouldn't chat in the classroom instead, they should pursue ________ (抽象的) goals．
assistant
leadership
abstract
Ⅱ．选词填空
1．I would appreciate it if you could tell me who is ___________ the administration of your company．
2．Armed conflict may ________ at any moment, so you'd better stay at home recently．
break out; in charge of; come down with; above all; have a great impact on
in charge of
break out
3．Dealing with that kind of case concerning teenagers' safety can ____________________ society．
4．We _______________ illnesses more easily when under stress, which be harmful to our health．
5．_________, chairs that are used in classrooms should be comfortable and convenient to sit on．
have a great impact on
come down with
Above all
Ⅲ．阅读理解
On February 20, the science fiction magazine Clarkesworld was forced to stop accepting any new articles from writers after it was flooded with AI-written stories．
“By the time we closed on the 20th, we had received 500 human-written stories and 700 AI-written ones，” said editor-in-chief Neil Clarke． “It was increasing at such a speed that we figured that by the end of the month, we would have doubled the number of articles we normally have． The rate had been growing from previous months, and we were concerned that we had to do something to stop it．”
Worries about AI misuse have frequently appeared in headlines recently, particularly since the launch of ChatGPT in November, 2022, which can not only answer a broad range of questions but also create original poems and stories．
Clarke said magazines like his, which pay contributors for their work, were being targeted by people trying to make quick money． He said he had already spoken to editors of other magazines and that all of them had agreed to stop accepting AI-written articles． He also admitted that the humor of his sci-fi magazine being targeted by AI robots is not lost on him．
“You know, our mascot (吉祥物) is a robot． So we see the irony，” he said． But the thing is that science fiction is often intended to give a warning to people． We don't celebrate technology just because it exists． We want to make sure that we're using it right． And there are some significant legal and moral issues around this technology that we're not ready to accept．
Clarke said the magazine didn't know how to deal with the issue, and part of the motivation to speak out was in the hope of finding some solutions． He also said the quality of the AI-written stories was very poor．
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了享誉全球的科幻杂志Clarkesworld最近受AI作品的影响，不得不暂停接受新稿件。
1．What's the matter with the magazine Clarkesworld
A．It will close down forever．
B．It was targeted by AI writers．
C．It stopped paying contributors．
D．It has lost many good authors．
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B　[细节理解题。第一段提到“On February 20, the science fiction magazine Clarkesworld was forced to stop accepting any new articles from writers after it was flooded with AI-written stories．(2月20日，科幻杂志《克拉克世界》被迫停止接受任何作家的新文章，因为它被人工智能撰写的故事淹没了。)”由此判断，Clarkesworld是被AI写手逼得不得不暂停接受新稿件。故选B。]
2．What can we infer about other magazines' attitude to the AI-written stories
A．Disapproving．　　　　 B．Favorable．
C．Unknown． D．Tolerant．
A　[推理判断题。第四段提到“He said he had already spoken to editors of other magazines and that all of them had agreed to stop accepting AI-written articles．(他说，他已经和其他杂志的编辑谈过，他们都同意停止接受人工智能撰写的文章。)”由此判断，其他杂志对AI生成的作品持否定态度。故选A。]
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3．What does Neil Clarke say about science fiction
A．It often intends to find some solutions．
B．It welcomes the existing new technologies．
C．It will accept AI-written stories in the near future．
D．It often tries to warn the dark side of technologies．
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D　[细节理解题。第五段提到“‘But the thing is that science fiction is often intended to give a warning to people． We don't celebrate technology just because it exists． We want to make sure that we're using it right． And there are some significant legal and moral issues around this technology that we're not ready to accept．’(但问题是，科幻小说往往是为了给人们一个警告。我们不会因为技术的存在而赞美它。我们要确保我们正确地使用它。关于这项技术，有一些重大的法律和道德问题，我们还没有准备好接受。)”由此判断，Neil Clarke认为科幻杂志经常试图警告技术的黑暗面。故选D。]
4．Where is this text most likely from
A．A notice． B．A science fiction．
C．A news report． D．A book review．
C　[推理判断题。第一段提到“On February 20, the science fiction magazine Clarkesworld was forced to stop accepting any new articles from writers after it was flooded with AI-written stories．(2月20日，科幻杂志《克拉克世界》被迫停止接受任何作家的新文章，因为它被人工智能撰写的故事淹没了。)”文章第一段中交代了事情发生的时间，由此判断，这是一篇新闻报道。故选C。]
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Ⅳ．完形填空
Sujata Halarnkar would like to eat fish curry (咖喱) every day． It's a very 1 curry with the basic ingredients (原料), nothing very fancy． However, it's a recipe passed down from her 2 who is still living in Mumbai, India．
Halarnkar now lives in Yuma, Arizona, but she 3 in Mumbai, and her grandparents lived in a(n) 4 coastal village． Her mother would send her to her grandparents' home for 5 ． There, her grandma would cook this curry for her．
“They lived in a neighboring village and I went there almost every week． That is one of the 6 memories I had about my childhood，” Halarnkar said． “We had a pretty and peaceful beach to ourselves and we would 7 fish from the sea every morning．”
8 later, fish curry is still the comfort food to Halarnkar, who said her family always cooks it when they 9 at weekends in the US．
“We'll go out to the fish market, buy fresh 10 and make this curry，” she said． “We don't even worry about vegetables． We just eat some steamed rice with this fish curry．”
Halarnkar has passed on the 11 to her daughter Natasha, who lives in San Diego and shares Halarnkar's love of cooking． And even though the next 12 has the recipe, Halarnkar said she still 13 the curry her grandma made in India． In fact, she's looking forward to having it next time she goes to 14 her．
“I'm 100% sure that she is going to make it for me when I there，” Halarnkar said．
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Sujata Halarnkar跟外祖母学会了做鱼咖喱的故事。
1．A．expensive B．extraordinary
C．new D．traditional
D　[根据空后“with the basic ingredients”及下文细节可知，这种鱼咖喱是比较传统的(traditional)，里面没什么昂贵的食材。故选D。]
√
2．A．grandmother B．husband
C．aunt D．neighbor
A　[根据下文“There, her grandma would cook this curry for her．”及“...Halarnkar said she still ________________ the curry her grandma made in India．”可知，她是从外祖母(grandmother)那里学会做鱼咖喱的。故选A。]
√
3．A．passed away B．settled down
C．grew up D．cried out
C　[根据空前“Halarnkar now lives in Yuma, Arizona, but...”可知，她是在孟买长大(grew up)的。故选C。]
√
4．A．dangerous B．nearby
C．busy D．ugly
B　[根据下文“They lived in a neighboring village and I went there almost every week．”可知，外祖母家很近(nearby)。她几乎每个周末都会去外祖母家。故选B。]
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5．A．parties B．schools
C．weekends D．gifts
C　[根据下文“They lived in a neighboring village and I went there almost every week．”可知，外祖母家很近。她几乎每个周末都会去外祖母家。故选C。]
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6．A．saddest B．hardest
C．strangest D．best
D　[根据空后“memories I had about my childhood”及下文“We had a pretty and peaceful beach...from the sea every morning．”可知，这样的儿时记忆当然是最美好的(best)：跟着外祖母在美丽的海滨捕鱼做咖喱。故选D。]
√
7．A．see B．catch
C．raise D．save
B　[根据空后“fish from the sea every morning”可知，跟着外祖母在美丽的海滨捕(catch)鱼做咖喱。故选B。]
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8．A．Days B．Weeks
C．Months D．Decades
D　[根据空后“fish curry is still the comfort food to Halarnkar”可知，此处指几十年(Decades)后，鱼咖喱还能给身处异国他乡的Halarnkar带来莫大的安慰。故选D。]
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9．A．work B．play
C．hunt D．gather
D　[根据空后“at weekends in the US”可知，在美国她的家人周末聚会(gather)时，也只买鱼做咖喱。故选D。]
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10．A．chicken B．fish
C．meat D．milk
B　[根据空前“We'll go out to the fish market, buy fresh”可知，去市场买新鲜的鱼(fish)做咖喱。故选B。]
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11．A．recipe B．talent
C．house D．thought
A　[根据空后“to her daughter Natasha, who lives in San Diego and shares Halarnkar's love of cooking”可知，Halarnkar已经把这个菜谱(recipe)传给了自己的女儿。故选A。]
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12．A．store B．village
C．generation D．guest
C　[根据“even though the next ________________ has the recipe”可知，此处指下一代人(generation)得到了菜单。故选C。]
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13．A．avoids B．invents
C．hides D．prefers
D　[根据空后“the curry her grandma made in India”可知，Halarnkar还是更喜欢(prefers)外祖母做的咖喱。故选D。]
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14．A．pay B．hug
C．visit D．treat
C　[根据空前“she's looking forward to having it next time she goes to”可知，她正盼望着回印度探(visit)亲。故选C。]
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15．A．arrive B．leave
C．move D．marry
A　[根据空前后“I'm 100% sure that she is going to make it for me when I ________________ there”可知，此处指，她一到家(arrive)，外祖母准会给她做鱼咖喱。故选A。]
√
Ⅴ．语法填空
The traditional Chinese craft of turning thick bamboo into delicate slices achieves fame on overseas short video platforms，receiving more than 10 million 1．______(view) and hundreds of thousands of likes．The skilled bamboo craftsmen are recording the daily detailed production processes of their handicrafts on social media, 2．______ are regarded as “3．__________(mystery) Chinese power”in the eyes of foreign netizens．
views
which
mysterious
A woman，4．___ short video talent from Omaha，the USA，filmed a reaction video to the artistry and posted 5．___ online．While witnessing the processes of bamboo gradually turning into bamboo silk and pot brushes，she couldn't contain her 6．_________ (surprise) expression．“A real craftsman，”she said in the video．
a
it
surprised
7．________ fancy tools，these bamboo craftsmen make amazing works of art 8．________(simple) using their own bare hands．Pan Yunfeng，51，from Lin'an，Zhejiang Province，started learning bamboo weaving at an early age and by now with over 5 million followers on short video platforms，he 9．__________(become) a genuine influencer for netizens at home and abroad．
Without
simply
has become
Bamboo weaving art，10．__________(originate) from the Warring States period 2，000 years ago，has become an essential part of traditional Chinese culture．Now，the popularity of bamboo art on short video platforms has opened a window for foreign netizens to better understand Chinese culture．
originating
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇新闻报道。中国的竹编通过社交媒体走出国门，为外国网民更好地了解中国文化打开了一扇窗。
1．views　[考查名词复数。根据空前的“10 million”和空后的“and...likes”可知，该空应填所给词的复数形式。]
2．which　[考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，该空引导非限制性定语从句，且该空在句中作主语，故填which。]
3．mysterious　[考查形容词。该空在句中作定语，修饰Chinese power，故填mysterious。]
4．a　[考查冠词。分析句子结构可知，“________________ short video talent from Omaha，the USA”在句中作主语的同位语，指的是“一个来自美国奥马哈的短视频达人”，表泛指，short的发音以辅音音素开头，故填不定冠词a。]
5．it　[考查代词。该空在句中作posted的宾语，指代上文中的a reaction video，故填代词it。]
6．surprised　[考查形容词。该空在句中作定语，修饰名词expression，故填surprised。]
7．Without　[考查介词。根据下文的“using their own bare hands”可知，手艺人们没有花哨的工具，句首大写首字母，故填Without。]
8．simply　[考查副词。空处修饰动词-ing形式短语“using their own bare hands”，故填副词simply。]
9．has become　[考查动词的时态和主谓一致。空前的by now在句中作时间状语，常与现在完成时连用；主语he为第三人称单数，故填has become。]
10．originating　[考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语，空处在此作非谓语，originate与Bamboo weaving art之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故填originating。]
THANKSPeriod 5　 课文整体教学(Using Language)
1．Why did Qian Xuesen transfer to aviation
A．He liked to be a pilot after graduation．
B．He realised that China needed a strong air force．
C．He wanted to go to Shanghai．
D．He disliked railway mechanical engineering．
2．Why did Qian Xuesen come back to China
A．He wanted to serve his country．
B．He met with difficulties in America．
C．He was a hero in China．
D．He missed his family．
3．What proved Hawking's work on the big bang theory
A．Communicating with Fred Hoyle．
B．Observing the stars．
C．Telescopes used by astronomers．
D．Two main theories．
4．What helped Hawking in his fight against the disease
A．Cleverness． 　　　　　 B．Dreams．
C．Determination． D．Physics．
1．abstract adj．抽象的；理论上的 n．(文献等的)摘要 v．把……抽象出；提取
①(教材原句)Since he came down with a disease which caused him to lose the use of most of his muscles, his world became one of abstract thought． ________
②It is possible to abstract several good points from his discussion． ________
③There is a section at the end of the magazine, which includes abstracts of recent articles． ________
2．concrete n．混凝土 adj．混凝土制的；确实的；具体的
①(教材原句)...it suddenly becomes hard as concrete． ________
②Your decision must be transformed into concrete action． ________
③They live in lifeless concrete apartments． ________
1．(学会断句) Described by the authors of the Story of Qian Xuesen /as a man with “great scientific thought and scientific spirit” /who was patriotic and served his homeland with effort，achievement, and devotion, Qian was an extremely well-respected man．
[分析]　本句是一个复合句。Described by the authors...是过去分词短语作________，who引导________从句，修饰a man。
[翻译]　_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
2．(学会断句)However, after the Songhu Battle broke out in 1932, Qian made the decision to switch his major to aviation /because he realised /that China needed its own powerful air force to protect /and defend the country．
[分析]　本句是一个复合句。after引导________从句，because引导________从句，that引导________从句，作realised的宾语。
[翻译]　_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
1．(续写佳句) Besides being brilliant, he was brave, though sometimes careless in what he said or did．
除了才华横溢以外，他还很勇敢，尽管有时言行举止比较随意。
2．(应用文佳句) This odd combination of characteristics had made him one of the greatest thinkers of the 20th and 21st centuries．
这些性格特点的奇特组合使他成为20世纪和21世纪最伟大的思想家之一。
1．break out(战争、打斗等不愉快的事情)突然开始；爆发
break away from 脱离/挣脱……
break down 出故障；坏掉；失败；(身体等)垮掉； 消除
break in 插话；破门而入
break into 破门而入
break up 打碎；结束；(关系等)破裂
[即学即练]——用break的相关短语填空/完成句子
①Only then did I realise that it was so foolish of me to ______________ my friends and never contact them．
②When the war ______________， the outstanding mechanic seemed to have become another man, frustrated．
③I am terribly surprised to hear that Tom and Mary have ______________， because they got married several months ago．
④众所周知，如果你不注意定期锻炼，你的身体会垮掉。
It is known to all that ________________________________ if you don't pay attention to regular exercise．
2．defend v．保卫；防守；辩解
(1)defend(...)from/against
　　　　　　 保护(……)不受……之害；抵御……
(2)defense n． 保卫；辩护
in defense of 保卫……；为……辩护
(3)defensive adj． 防御的
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/词汇升级
①I'd always played a ________ (defend) game, waiting for my opponent to make a mistake．
②The army will do whatever it takes to defend the motherland ________ any invasion．
③Speaking of defending the proposal, he pointed out how much cheaper it would be．
→Speaking ________________ the proposal, he pointed out how much cheaper it would be．
3．in charge of主管；掌管
(1)in the charge of/in sb．'s charge 由……负责
take charge of 照顾，管理，负责
free of charge 免费地
(2)charge sb．for sth． 为某物向某人收取费用
charge sb．with sth． 因某事控告某人
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/一句多译
①As long as you have paid in advance, we won't charge you ________ delivery．
②Six days later, the police arrested him and charged him ________ murder．
③He offered to fix bikes free ________ charge for anyone who needed it．
④Dr．Green is in charge of the ward of the hospital．
＝The ward of the hospital ________________________ Dr．Green．
＝Dr．Green ________________________ the ward of the hospital．
4．gifted adj．有天赋的；有天才的；天资聪慧的
(1)be gifted in/at...　　　　 在……方面有天赋
(2)gift/talent n． 礼物；天赋
have a gift/talent for... 有……天赋
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/一句多译
①The musician is a man of many ________ (gift), who had a gift ________ music when he was a child, and now he is gifted ________ playing the piano．
②He is a ________ (gift) pianist and has given many successful performances around the world．
③她为自己的两个孩子都有音乐天赋而自豪。
She is proud that both of her children ________________．(gift n．)
＝She is proud that both of her children ________________．(gifted adj．)
5．fault n．弱点；缺点；过错
be one's fault　　　 是某人的过错
be at fault 有过错；有责任
find fault with 挑剔，挑……的毛病
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①He has many ________ (fault), and cruelty is one of them known to all the people surrounding him．
②I think the shopkeeper is ________ fault for not telling me how to use the oven properly．
③如果你想要和别人相处好，就不能总是挑别人的毛病。
If you want to get along well with others, you can't always_____________________．
1． “否定词＋比较级”表示最高级含义
[教材P7]　Perhaps no other scientist has had a greater impact on China's aerospace science than Qian Xuesen．
也许再没有哪一位科学家比钱学森对中国航天科学的影响更大了。
[句式分析]　句中no...greater...than为“否定词＋形容词/副词比较级＋than”结构，表示最高级含义。
Unfortunately，the technology of changing climate is no simpler than anything else．
不幸的是，改变气候的科技比任何事情都要复杂。
表示最高级意义的其他常见结构：
never+比较级
nothing/no+so+原级+as…
nothing/no+比较级+than…
比较级+than+
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①I have never spent a ____________ (meaningful) day in my life．
②汤姆是他班上最聪明的学生。
Tom is more intelligent ________________________ in his class．
③正如我们老师所说的那样，实践最重要。
As what is said by our teacher, nothing is ________________ practice．
2．not only...but also...不但……而且……
[教材P8]　He received a hero's welcome from his homeland and was put in charge of not only developing China's rocket science but also its space and missile programme．
他受到了祖国英雄般的欢迎，他不仅受命负责发展中国的火箭科学，还负责中国的太空和导弹项目。
[句式分析]　本句中not only...but also...意为“不但……而且……”，连接两个并列成分。
In our eyes，she is not only our teacher，but also our best friend．
在我们眼里，她不仅是我们的老师，也是我们最好的朋友。
(1)“not only...but also...”连接两个并列成分，如两个主语、宾语、状语等。
(2)“not only...but also...”连接两个分句，且“not only...”位于句首时，该句要部分倒装。
(3)“not only...but also...”连接两个词作主语时，要根据but also后的名词决定谓语动词的单复数形式，即遵循“就近一致”原则。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/一句多译
①Not only my sister and brother but also my parents ________ (be) fond of listening to pop music．
②A machine can ________ only beat you at chess, it can also outperform you in debate．
③它不仅让我们放松，而且让我们更接近大自然。
It ________________________ got us closer to nature．
＝Not only ________________________ got us closer to nature．
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．According to the official, they need more troops to defend the border ________ possible attacks．
2．Nobody knew when the fire ________ (break) out, but they knew it was put out the next morning．
3．Not only ________ (be) it for pleasure for old men to read newspapers, but it is also a great way to improve their minds．
4．Just occasionally he talked about his son Adrian, who was a ________ (gift) chess player．
5．There is no doubt that the news couldn't have come at a ________ (good) time．
Ⅱ．完成句子
1．战争爆发后，他毅然回到自己的祖国，参加了反侵略者的斗争。
________________， he resolutely returned to his motherland and took part in the fight against the invaders．
2．每当经理不在时，总是由他暂时掌管公司。
He always ________________ temporarily when the manager is away．
3．如果你在运动方面没有天赋，但仍然热衷参与，请加入志愿者小组。
If you ____________________ but still keen on participating, join the volunteer group, please．
4．在挑剔别人的游戏中获胜并不是我想要的一切。
Winning a game of ________________ others is not everything I want．
Ⅲ．课文语法填空
Perhaps no other scientist has had a 1．________ (great) impact on China's aerospace science than Qian Xuesen．He was a well-respected man, 2．________ served his homeland with effort, achievement, and devotion．Born in Shanghai in 1911, Qian attended schools in Beijing and Shanghai．In 1935, he went to the US 3．________ further study and then worked there． After 4．________ (overcome) some difficulties, he 5．________ (return) to China in 1955, and was put in charge of developing China's rocket science as well as the space and missile programme． Faced with challenges, Qian didn't feel discouraged．When he 6．________ (ask) “Can we Chinese possibly make missiles？”， his reply was “Why not？” Under 7．________ (he) leadership, China developed its own missiles, rockets, and man-made satellites 8．________ (success)． Qian was knowledgeable． However, 9．________ made him an outstanding and creative scientist was probably his interest in other things like music and drawing, which gave him 10．________ (inspire) in scientific research． The whole country was saddened by Qian's death in 2009．
Period 5
课文理解
1—4　BACC
课文精粹
Ⅰ一词多义
1．①adj．抽象的　②v．把……抽象出；提取
③n．(文献等的)摘要
2．①n．混凝土　②adj．确实的；具体的　③adj．混凝土制的
Ⅱ长难语句
1．分析：状语；定语
翻译：钱学森备受人们尊敬，《钱学森的故事》一书的作者称他是一位具有“伟大科学思想和科学精神”的人，并且他热爱祖国、勤勉努力、甘于奉献、成就斐然。
2．分析：时间状语；原因状语；宾语
翻译：然而，1932年淞沪会战爆发后，钱学森决定改学航空专业，因为他意识到中国需要强大的空军来保卫国家。
核心词汇
1．①break away from　②broke out　③broken up　④your body will break down
2．①defensive　②from/against　③in defense of
3．①for　②with　③of　④is in the charge of；takes charge of
4．①gifts；for；in/at　②gifted　③have a gift for music；are gifted in/at music
5．①faults　②at　③find fault with others
句法句式
1．①more meaningful　②than any other student/all the other students　③more important than
2．①are　②not　③not only gave us relaxation but also；did it give us relaxation, but it also
巩固落实
Ⅰ．1．against/from　2．broke　3．is　4．gifted
5．better
Ⅱ．1．After the war broke out　2．takes charge of the company　3．are not gifted in sports
4．finding fault with
Ⅲ．1．greater　2．who　3．for　4．overcoming
5．returned　6．was asked　7．his
8．successfully　9．what　10．inspiration
1 / 8课时分层作业(二)
Ⅰ．单词拼写
1．At the sight of the ________ (彩虹), the children were more glad than their parents．
2．There is no ________ (具体的) benefit paid in response to your good deed．
3．Ashok developed an intelligent teaching ________ (助手) to help handle enormous questions．
4．This difference in handling conflict could be the deciding factor on who gets promoted to a ________ (领导) position．
5．Children shouldn't chat in the classroom instead, they should pursue ________ (抽象的) goals．
Ⅱ．选词填空
break out; in charge of; come down with; above all; have a great impact on
1．I would appreciate it if you could tell me who is ________________ the administration of your company．
2．Armed conflict may ________________ at any moment, so you'd better stay at home recently．
3．Dealing with that kind of case concerning teenagers' safety can ________________ society．
4．We ________________ illnesses more easily when under stress, which be harmful to our health．
5．________________， chairs that are used in classrooms should be comfortable and convenient to sit on．
Ⅲ．阅读理解
On February 20, the science fiction magazine Clarkesworld was forced to stop accepting any new articles from writers after it was flooded with AI-written stories．
“By the time we closed on the 20th, we had received 500 human-written stories and 700 AI-written ones，” said editor-in-chief Neil Clarke． “It was increasing at such a speed that we figured that by the end of the month, we would have doubled the number of articles we normally have． The rate had been growing from previous months, and we were concerned that we had to do something to stop it．”
Worries about AI misuse have frequently appeared in headlines recently, particularly since the launch of ChatGPT in November, 2022, which can not only answer a broad range of questions but also create original poems and stories．
Clarke said magazines like his, which pay contributors for their work, were being targeted by people trying to make quick money． He said he had already spoken to editors of other magazines and that all of them had agreed to stop accepting AI-written articles． He also admitted that the humor of his sci-fi magazine being targeted by AI robots is not lost on him．
“You know, our mascot (吉祥物) is a robot． So we see the irony，” he said． But the thing is that science fiction is often intended to give a warning to people． We don't celebrate technology just because it exists． We want to make sure that we're using it right． And there are some significant legal and moral issues around this technology that we're not ready to accept．
Clarke said the magazine didn't know how to deal with the issue, and part of the motivation to speak out was in the hope of finding some solutions． He also said the quality of the AI-written stories was very poor．
1．What's the matter with the magazine Clarkesworld
A．It will close down forever．
B．It was targeted by AI writers．
C．It stopped paying contributors．
D．It has lost many good authors．
2．What can we infer about other magazines' attitude to the AI-written stories
A．Disapproving．　　 B．Favorable．
C．Unknown． D．Tolerant．
3．What does Neil Clarke say about science fiction
A．It often intends to find some solutions．
B．It welcomes the existing new technologies．
C．It will accept AI-written stories in the near future．
D．It often tries to warn the dark side of technologies．
4．Where is this text most likely from
A．A notice．
B．A science fiction．
C．A news report．
D．A book review．
Ⅳ．完形填空
Sujata Halarnkar would like to eat fish curry (咖喱) every day． It's a very 1 curry with the basic ingredients (原料), nothing very fancy． However, it's a recipe passed down from her 2 who is still living in Mumbai, India．
Halarnkar now lives in Yuma, Arizona, but she 3 in Mumbai, and her grandparents lived in a(n) 4 coastal village． Her mother would send her to her grandparents' home for 5 ． There, her grandma would cook this curry for her．
“They lived in a neighboring village and I went there almost every week． That is one of the 6 memories I had about my childhood，” Halarnkar said． “We had a pretty and peaceful beach to ourselves and we would 7 fish from the sea every morning．”
8 later, fish curry is still the comfort food to Halarnkar, who said her family always cooks it when they 9 at weekends in the US．
“We'll go out to the fish market, buy fresh 10 and make this curry，” she said． “We don't even worry about vegetables． We just eat some steamed rice with this fish curry．”
Halarnkar has passed on the 11 to her daughter Natasha, who lives in San Diego and shares Halarnkar's love of cooking． And even though the next 12 has the recipe, Halarnkar said she still 13 the curry her grandma made in India． In fact, she's looking forward to having it next time she goes to 14 her．
“I'm 100% sure that she is going to make it for me when I 15 there，” Halarnkar said．
1．A．expensive　　　　 B．extraordinary
C．new D．traditional
2．A．grandmother B．husband
C．aunt D．neighbor
3．A．passed away B．settled down
C．grew up D．cried out
4．A．dangerous B．nearby
C．busy D．ugly
5．A．parties B．schools
C．weekends D．gifts
6．A．saddest B．hardest
C．strangest D．best
7．A．see B．catch
C．raise D．save
8．A．Days B．Weeks
C．Months D．Decades
9．A．work B．play
C．hunt D．gather
10．A．chicken B．fish
C．meat D．milk
11．A．recipe B．talent
C．house D．thought
12．A．store B．village
C．generation D．guest
13．A．avoids B．invents
C．hides D．prefers
14．A．pay B．hug
C．visit D．treat
15．A．arrive B．leave
C．move D．marry
Ⅴ．语法填空
The traditional Chinese craft of turning thick bamboo into delicate slices achieves fame on overseas short video platforms，receiving more than 10 million 1．________(view) and hundreds of thousands of likes．The skilled bamboo craftsmen are recording the daily detailed production processes of their handicrafts on social media, 2．________ are regarded as “3．________(mystery) Chinese power”in the eyes of foreign netizens．
A woman，4．________ short video talent from Omaha，the USA，filmed a reaction video to the artistry and posted 5．________ online．While witnessing the processes of bamboo gradually turning into bamboo silk and pot brushes，she couldn't contain her 6．________ (surprise) expression．“A real craftsman，”she said in the video．
7．________ fancy tools，these bamboo craftsmen make amazing works of art 8．________(simple) using their own bare hands．Pan Yunfeng，51，from Lin'an，Zhejiang Province，started learning bamboo weaving at an early age and by now with over 5 million followers on short video platforms，he 9．________(become) a genuine influencer for netizens at home and abroad．
Bamboo weaving art，10．________(originate) from the Warring States period 2，000 years ago，has become an essential part of traditional Chinese culture．Now，the popularity of bamboo art on short video platforms has opened a window for foreign netizens to better understand Chinese culture．
课时分层作业(二)
Ⅰ．1．rainbow　2．concrete　3．assistant　4．leadership
5．abstract
Ⅱ．1．in charge of　2．break out　3．have a great impact on　4．come down with　5．Above all
Ⅲ．
1 2 3 4
B A D C
Ⅳ．
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
D A C B C D B D
9 10 11 12 13 14 15
D B A C D C A
Ⅴ．1．views　2．which　3．mysterious　4．a　5．it　6．surprised　7．Without　8．simply　9．has become　10．originating
Ⅲ．【语篇解读】　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了享誉全球的科幻杂志Clarkesworld最近受AI作品的影响，不得不暂停接受新稿件。
1．B　[细节理解题。第一段提到“On February 20, the science fiction magazine Clarkesworld was forced to stop accepting any new articles from writers after it was flooded with AI-written stories．(2月20日，科幻杂志《克拉克世界》被迫停止接受任何作家的新文章，因为它被人工智能撰写的故事淹没了。)”由此判断，Clarkesworld是被AI写手逼得不得不暂停接受新稿件。故选B。]
2．A　[推理判断题。第四段提到“He said he had already spoken to editors of other magazines and that all of them had agreed to stop accepting AI-written articles．(他说，他已经和其他杂志的编辑谈过，他们都同意停止接受人工智能撰写的文章。)”由此判断，其他杂志对AI生成的作品持否定态度。故选A。]
3．D　[细节理解题。第五段提到“‘But the thing is that science fiction is often intended to give a warning to people． We don't celebrate technology just because it exists． We want to make sure that we're using it right． And there are some significant legal and moral issues around this technology that we're not ready to accept．’(但问题是，科幻小说往往是为了给人们一个警告。我们不会因为技术的存在而赞美它。我们要确保我们正确地使用它。关于这项技术，有一些重大的法律和道德问题，我们还没有准备好接受。)”由此判断，Neil Clarke认为科幻杂志经常试图警告技术的黑暗面。故选D。]
4．C　[推理判断题。第一段提到“On February 20, the science fiction magazine Clarkesworld was forced to stop accepting any new articles from writers after it was flooded with AI-written stories．(2月20日，科幻杂志《克拉克世界》被迫停止接受任何作家的新文章，因为它被人工智能撰写的故事淹没了。)”文章第一段中交代了事情发生的时间，由此判断，这是一篇新闻报道。故选C。]
Ⅳ．【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Sujata Halarnkar跟外祖母学会了做鱼咖喱的故事。
1．D　[根据空后“with the basic ingredients”及下文细节可知，这种鱼咖喱是比较传统的(traditional)，里面没什么昂贵的食材。故选D。]
2．A　[根据下文“There, her grandma would cook this curry for her．”及“...Halarnkar said she still the curry her grandma made in India．”可知，她是从外祖母(grandmother)那里学会做鱼咖喱的。故选A。]
3．C　[根据空前“Halarnkar now lives in Yuma, Arizona, but...”可知，她是在孟买长大(grew up)的。故选C。]
4．B　[根据下文“They lived in a neighboring village and I went there almost every week．”可知，外祖母家很近(nearby)。她几乎每个周末都会去外祖母家。故选B。]
5．C　[根据下文“They lived in a neighboring village and I went there almost every week．”可知，外祖母家很近。她几乎每个周末都会去外祖母家。故选C。]
6．D　[根据空后“memories I had about my childhood”及下文“We had a pretty and peaceful beach...from the sea every morning．”可知，这样的儿时记忆当然是最美好的(best)：跟着外祖母在美丽的海滨捕鱼做咖喱。故选D。]
7．B　[根据空后“fish from the sea every morning”可知，跟着外祖母在美丽的海滨捕(catch)鱼做咖喱。故选B。]
8．D　[根据空后“fish curry is still the comfort food to Halarnkar”可知，此处指几十年(Decades)后，鱼咖喱还能给身处异国他乡的Halarnkar带来莫大的安慰。故选D。]
9．D　[根据空后“at weekends in the US”可知，在美国她的家人周末聚会(gather)时，也只买鱼做咖喱。故选D。]
10．B　[根据空前“We'll go out to the fish market, buy fresh”可知，去市场买新鲜的鱼(fish)做咖喱。故选B。]
11．A　[根据空后“to her daughter Natasha, who lives in San Diego and shares Halarnkar's love of cooking”可知，Halarnkar已经把这个菜谱(recipe)传给了自己的女儿。故选A。]
12．C　[根据“even though the next has the recipe”可知，此处指下一代人(generation)得到了菜单。故选C。]
13．D　[根据空后“the curry her grandma made in India”可知，Halarnkar还是更喜欢(prefers)外祖母做的咖喱。故选D。]
14．C　[根据空前“she's looking forward to having it next time she goes to”可知，她正盼望着回印度探(visit)亲。故选C。]
15．A　[根据空前后“I'm 100% sure that she is going to make it for me when I there”可知，此处指，她一到家(arrive)，外祖母准会给她做鱼咖喱。故选A。]
Ⅴ．【语篇解读】　本文是一篇新闻报道。中国的竹编通过社交媒体走出国门，为外国网民更好地了解中国文化打开了一扇窗。
1．views　[考查名词复数。根据空前的“10 million”和空后的“and...likes”可知，该空应填所给词的复数形式。]
2．which　[考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，该空引导非限制性定语从句，且该空在句中作主语，故填which。]
3．mysterious　[考查形容词。该空在句中作定语，修饰Chinese power，故填mysterious。]
4．a　[考查冠词。分析句子结构可知，“ short video talent from Omaha，the USA”在句中作主语的同位语，指的是“一个来自美国奥马哈的短视频达人”，表泛指，short的发音以辅音音素开头，故填不定冠词a。]
5．it　[考查代词。该空在句中作posted的宾语，指代上文中的a reaction video，故填代词it。]
6．surprised　[考查形容词。该空在句中作定语，修饰名词expression，故填surprised。]
7．Without　[考查介词。根据下文的“using their own bare hands”可知，手艺人们没有花哨的工具，句首大写首字母，故填Without。]
8．simply　[考查副词。空处修饰动词-ing形式短语“using their own bare hands”，故填副词simply。]
9．has become　[考查动词的时态和主谓一致。空前的by now在句中作时间状语，常与现在完成时连用；主语he为第三人称单数，故填has become。]
10．originating　[考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语，空处在此作非谓语，originate与Bamboo weaving art之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故填originating。]
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