Unit3 Same or Different单元知识梳理-2025-2026学年人教版(2024)八年级英语上册

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Unit3 Same or Different单元知识梳理-2025-2026学年人教版(2024)八年级英语上册

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新人教版八年级英语上册Unit 3 Same or Different 单元知识梳理
【Useful expressions】
1.be different from:与…… 不同
2.hear about:听说;得知(某事或某人的情况)
3.at the music festival:在音乐节上
4.play the Chinese flute:吹中国笛子(演奏竹笛)
5.be afraid of:害怕……;畏惧……(后接人、事物或动名词)
6.as...as:和…… 一样(中间接形容词或副词原级,表同级比较)
7.work harder:更努力地工作 / 学习
8.do a wonderful job:做得非常好;干得出色
9.solve the problem:解决问题
10.more outgoing:更外向(形容词 outgoing 的比较级)
11.the same as:与…… 相同;与…… 一致
12.win the first prize:赢得一等奖;获得第一名
13.take part in:参加;参与(某项活动、比赛等)
14.in common:共同;共有(常与 “have” 搭配,如 “have sth in common” 表示 “有共同之处”)
15.get up early:早起
16.have a pleasant temperature:气温宜人
17.hang out together:一起闲逛;一起待着(非正式场合,指轻松相处)
18.share...with...:与…… 分享……(后接分享的事物和对象)
19.have a great sense of humour:很有幽默感;笑点好
20.respect each other's difference:尊重彼此的差异
21.learn from each other:互相学习
22.thanks to:多亏;由于(后接原因,可表积极或中性结果)
23.give direct opinions:发表直接的观点;直言不讳
24.be similar to:与…… 相像的、类似的
25.get better at:变得更擅长……(后接技能或活动,如 “get better at English”)
26.speak in a straightforward way:说话直截了当;直言不讳
27.by accident:偶然;意外地(相当于 “by chance”)
28.talk about:谈论;讨论(后接话题或对象)
29.care about:关心;在意(后接人、事物或某人的感受)
30.be like:像……(用于描述性格、外貌或性质,如 “What’s he like ”)
31.reach for:伸手去够;伸手拿(后接目标物品)
32.touch one's heart:触动某人的心;令某人感动
33.be different in:在…… 方面不同(后接具体领域,如 “be different in color”)
34.in fact:事实上;实际上(用于强调真实情况,常作插入语)
35.be ready to:准备好(做某事);愿意做某事(后接动词原形)
36.get good grades:取得好成绩(多用于学业场景)
37.bring out:使显现;使表现出(如 “bring out the best in sb” 表示 “激发某人的潜能”)
38.be talented in:在…… 方面有天赋(后接领域或技能,如 “be talented in music”)
39.as long as:只要;既然
40.be good with:善于和…… 相处;与…… 相处得好
【Target sentences】
Chen Jie, did you hear about the school music festival Why don’t you perform You play the Chinese flute better than anyone else in our music club. I’m afraid of performing alone. I’m not as outgoing as you. But you work harder than me. You two did a wonderful job! Look, it’s time for Ella and Emma’s show! Emma is taller than Ella. And she sings louder than Ella. Her hair is longer than Emma’s. Congratulations on winning the prize at the school music festival! There are more activities this year. It is more colourful than last year. As twins, you look very similar. How are you different Besides singing, how do you both spend your spare time 14. ---ls Ella taller than Emma ---No, she is shorter than Emma. 15. Emma is taller than Ella, but her hair is shorter than Ella’s. 16. Ella dances better than Emma, but Emma sings louder than her. 17. Who dances better, Ella or Emma 18. They won the first prize in the school music festival. 19. Thanks for talking with me. 20. How are you different from each other 21. What can you learn from each other 22.The population of Chicago was smaller than that of Guangzhou in 2022. 23. Because of that, I try harder when I practtse, and now I’m getttng better at badminton. 24. For me, friends who are different make me better. 25. I think we should respect each other’s differences and learn from each other. 26. Thanks to her, I am becoming more outgoing. 27. He is not afraid to give his opinion,especially when he thinks I am making a mistake. 28. I am less straighttorward than he is, but I am glad to have an honest friend. 29. They exchanged their lives by accident. 30. I don’t really care if my friends are similar to or different from me. 31. She helps me see the silver lining in difffcult situattons. 32. I know she cares about me because she’s always there to listen. 33. My favourite saying is, “A true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart.” 34. We are always ready to help each other by lending a hand. 35. We are different, but we can be stronger together.
【Language points】
1. Chen Jie, did you hear about the school music festival
hear about听说;得知;后接 “事情 / 人”,指通过他人或信息渠道了解到某情况,区别于 “hear from(收到某人来信)”。
I heard about your new job yesterday.(我昨天听说了你新工作的事。)
2. Why don’t you perform
①Why don’t you + 动词原形?你为什么不…… 呢?表委婉建议,等同于 “Why not + 动词原形?”,语气比直接命令更礼貌。
Why don’t you join us for dinner
②perform v. 表演;执行;
【拓展延伸】
performance n. 表演;表现
performer n. 表演者
perform a play 表演戏剧 ;
perform a task 执行任务
The actors will perform a new play tonight.演员们今晚将表演一部新剧。
3. You play the Chinese flute better than anyone else in our music club.
①形容词 / 副词比较级(better than)
“better” 是 “good/well” 的比较级,“than” 连接比较对象,表 “比…… 更……”;“anyone else” 指 “其他任何人”,避免与主语自身比较。
例句:She runs faster than anyone else in her class.(她比班上其他人跑得都快。)
Emma is taller than Ella. And she sings louder than Ella.
②play the Chinese flute 吹中国笛子
“play + the + 乐器” 是固定搭配,如 “play the piano(弹钢琴)”;“Chinese flute” 特指 “竹笛”,区别于 “flute(西方长笛)”。
4. I’m afraid of performing alone. I’m not as outgoing as you.
①be afraid of 害怕……;后接名词、代词或 “动词 - ing 形式”,此处 “performing” 是动名词,表 “害怕做某事”。
例句:He’s afraid of swimming in the sea.(他害怕在海里游泳。)
② 同级比较否定式(not as + 形容词原级 + as)
“as...as” 表 “和…… 一样”,否定式 “not as...as” 指 “不如……”,中间必须用形容词 / 副词原级(如 “outgoing”)。
例句:This book isn’t as interesting as that one.(这本书不如那本有趣。)
5. But you work harder than me.
副词比较级(harder than)
“hard” 是副词(努力地),比较级直接加 “-er”(harder),“than me”=“than I do”,省略了与前文重复的动词 “work”,避免冗余。
例句:They study harder than us.(他们比我们学习更努力。)
注意:“hardly” 是副词(几乎不),与 “hard” 含义不同。
6. You two did a wonderful job!
do a wonderful job 做得非常好;干得出色
日常口语中用于表扬他人完成任务 / 活动的表现,“wonderful” 可替换为 “great/good”,如 “do a good job”。
例句:The kids did a wonderful job in the play.(孩子们在这场表演中表现得非常好。)
7. Look, it’s time for Ella and Emma’s show!
① it’s time for + 名词:到…… 的时间了;等同于 “it’s time to + 动词原形”,表 “该做某事了”,“for” 后接名词 / 名词短语(如 “the show”)。
例句:It’s time for class.(到上课时间了。)= It’s time to have class.
② 名词所有格(Ella and Emma’s)两人共有时,所有格加在最后一个名词后,表 “埃拉和艾玛(共同)的表演”;若为 “各自的”,则分别加所有格(Ella’s and Emma’s shows)。
8. Her hair is longer than Emma’s.
“Emma’s” 后省略了前文提到的 “hair”,避免重复,完整表达是 “Emma’s hair”,符合英语 “简洁表达” 原则。
例句:My bag is heavier than Lucy’s (bag).(我的包比露西的重。)
9. Congratulations on winning the prize at the school music festival!
①congratulations on:祝贺……;固定搭配,“on” 后接 “名词 / 动词 - ing 形式”,指 “因某事祝贺某人”,常用复数 “congratulations”。
例句:Congratulations on your success!(祝贺你取得成功!)
②win the prize:获奖
“win” 后接 “比赛 / 奖项”,如 “win the first prize(获一等奖)”;
win(动词) - won(过去式) - winner(名词,获胜者)
【拓展延伸】win和 beat辨析
win:赢得、获得:宾语是 “比赛、奖项、荣誉、物品” 等 “抽象结果或事物”
They won the first prize at the school music festival.
beat :打败、战胜,宾语是 “人、团队、对手” 等 ,强调战胜 “某个具体对手”。
例句:We beat the other team in the basketball game.(我们在篮球赛中打败了另一支队伍。
10. There are more activities this year. It is more colourful than last year.
①more是many/much的比较级,可修饰可数及不可数名词。
I have more books than you.
She has more money than you imagine.
colourful adj. 丰富多彩的;色彩鲜艳的; colourful是多音节形容词(3 个音节以上),比较级需在前面加 “more”,表 “更丰富多彩的”。多音节形容词 / 副词比较级(more + 原级)
例句:The story is more interesting than that one.(这个故事比那个更有趣。)
11. As twins, you look very similar. How are you different
①as,介词,表 “作为…… 身份”,如 “As a student, I must study hard.(作为一名学生,我必须努力学习。)”
②look similar:看起来相像
similar 常与 to 搭配 be similar to
12. Besides singing, how do you both spend your spare time
①besides:介词,除…… 之外还有;后接名词 / 动名词,指 “包含提到的事物在内,还有其他”,区别于 “except(除…… 之外没有)”。
例句:Besides English, he also learns French.(除了英语,他还学法语。)
② spare time:空闲时间;等同于 “free time”,
in one's spare time 在某人空闲的时间
spend one’s spare time + (in) doing sth 表 “花费空闲时间做某事”。
例句:She spends her spare time reading.(她用空闲时间看书。)
13. Thanks for talking with me.
①Thanks for doing sth:感谢做某事(用于表达对具体行为的感谢,“for” 是介词,后接动词 - ing 形式)。
例句:Thanks for helping me with my homework.(感谢帮我辅导作业。)
②talk with sb:和某人交谈(强调 “双向交流”,区别于 “talk to sb”(侧重单向告知),如 “He talked to me about his plan.”)。
14. How are you different from each other
be different from:与…… 不同(用于对比两者的差异,“different” 是形容词,后接 “from” 引出对比对象)。
反义短语:be the same as(与…… 相同),如 “Our hobbies are the same as each other.”。
15. What can you learn from each other
learn from sb.:向某人学习(“learn from” 后接 “人” 或 “经验、教训”,如 “learn from mistakes”(从错误中学习))。
16. The population of Chicago was smaller than that of Guangzhou in 2022.
① population:n.人口(不可数名词,表 “人口数量” 时,用 “large/small” 修饰,不用 “many/few”,如 :The population of this city is large.
② 比较级替代词:that
用法:在比较级中,用 “that” 替代前面出现的单数名词(避免重复),本句中 “that” 指代 “the population”,完整表达为 “the population of Chicago was smaller than the population of Guangzhou”。
若指代复数名词,用 “those”,如 “The books in this shop are cheaper than those in that shop.”。
17. Because of that, I try harder when I practise, and now I’m getting better at badminton.
①because of 后接名词 / 代词 / 名词短语,表原因;若接句子,需用 because,如 Because I practised hard, I got better.
②现在进行时(am getting):表 “当前正在发生的变化”,如 “get better at”(变得更擅长……)。
18. For me, friends who are different make me better.
①定语从句:who are different
作用:修饰先行词 “friends”(指人),关系代词 “who” 在从句中作主语,不可省略。
结构拆分:主句 “friends make me better”(朋友让我变得更好),从句 “who are different”(那些不同的(朋友))。
②使役动词:make
用法:“make sb + 形容词”(使某人处于某种状态),如 “make me happy”(让我开心)、“make the room clean”(把房间打扫干净)。
19. Thanks to her, I am becoming more outgoing.
thanks to:多亏、幸亏(后接名词 / 代词 / 名词短语,表 “原因”,区别于 “Thanks for”(感谢具体行为))。
例句:Thanks to your help, I finished the work on time.(多亏你的帮助,我按时完成了工作。)
20. He is not afraid to give his opinion, especially when he thinks I am making a mistake.
①be afraid to do sth:害怕做某事,
be afraid of + 名词 /doing sth,害怕某事物 / 害怕做某事的后果。
例句:She is afraid to swim in the deep sea.(她害怕在深海游泳。)
② 时间状语从句:when he thinks I am making a mistake
语法:when 引导时间状语从句,主句用一般现在时(is not afraid),从句根据语境用 “一般现在时(thinks)+ 现在进行时(am making)”,表示 “当他(此刻)认为我正在犯错时”,强调动作的即时性。
③make a mistake 犯错
21. I am less straightforward than he is, but I am glad to have an honest friend.
①比较级结构:less + 形容词原级 + than:“不如……;比…… 更不……”,用于多音节形容词(straightforward 是多音节词,含义 “直率的”)的否定比较,对应肯定比较 “more + 形容词原级 + than”。
例句:This book is less interesting than that one.(这本书不如那本有趣。)
②省略现象:than he is
语法:than 引导的比较状语从句中,若主语和谓语与主句一致(主句主语是 I,谓语是 am;从句主语是 he,谓语是 is),可省略从句末尾的形容词,完整形式为 “than he is (straightforward)”,省略后更简洁。
22. They exchanged their lives by accident.
①exchange:v. 交换;互换,及物动词,常用搭配 exchange sth with sb:和某人交换某物,本句中 “exchange their lives” 表示 “交换了彼此的生活”。
例句:We exchanged phone numbers after the meeting.(会后我们交换了电话号码。)
②by accident:偶然;意外地,相当于 “by chance”,在句中作状语,修饰动词 “exchanged”,说明 “交换生活” 是意外发生的。
例句:I met my old teacher by accident on the street.(我在街上偶然遇到了我的老老师。)
23. I don’t really care if my friends are similar to or different from me.
①宾语从句:if my friends are similar to or different from me
语法:if 在此处引导宾语从句,含义 “是否”,相当于 “whether”,从句用陈述语序(主语 + 谓语),本句中从句连接 “are similar to” 和 “are different from” 两个并列结构,省略了第二个 “are”,完整形式为 “if my friends are similar to me or (are) different from me”。
注意:if 引导宾语从句时,不能与 “or not” 直接连用(whether 可以),如 “whether my friends are similar to me or not”。
② be similar to: 表示 “与…… 相似”,“be different from” 表示 “与…… 不同”,二者是反义短语。
例句:Her hobbies are similar to mine.她的爱好和我的相似。;
His lifestyle is different from his brother’s.他的生活方式和他哥哥的不同。
24. She helps me see the silver lining in difficult situations.
①help sb (to) do sth:帮助某人做某事;help 后接宾语补足语时,不定式符号 “to” 可加可不加,本句 “help me see” 即 “help me to see”,含义 “帮我看到”。
例句:I help my parents (to) do housework.
②习语:the silver lining
含义:“(困境中的)一线希望;光明面”,源于谚语 “Every cloud has a silver lining”(黑暗中总有一线光明),属于固定表达,不能按字面意思 “银色的衬里” 理解,本句指 “在困境中看到希望”。
25. My favourite saying is, “A true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart.”
①true(形容词) - truly(副词,真正地;确实) - truth(名词,事实;真相)
②reach for:“伸手去够;伸手拿”,本句中引申为 “主动伸出援手”;
③touch one’s heart:“触动某人的心;令某人感动”,此处指 “真正的朋友会既伸出援手,又温暖人心”。
例句:She reached for the book on the shelf.(她伸手去够书架上的书。);His story touched our hearts.(他的故事触动了我们的心。)
26. We are always ready to help each other by lending a hand.
①be ready to do sth:准备好做某事;愿意做某事,to 后接动词原形,本句 “be ready to help” 表示 “愿意帮忙”。
例句:They are ready to take part in the competition.(他们准备好参加比赛了。)
②方式状语:by lending a hand
语法:by + 动名词(doing)表示 “通过某种方式”,在句中作状语,说明 “帮助彼此” 的方式是 “lending a hand(伸出援手)”;“lend a hand” 是口语化短语,含义 “帮忙”,相当于 “help”。
例句:He solved the problem by asking his teacher.(他通过问老师解决了问题。)
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